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1
Cheung, Siu Keung. "From transnational to Chinese national?" Social Transformations in Chinese Societies 13, nr 2 (5.09.2017): 106–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/stics-04-2017-0009.
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Purpose This paper aims to challenge the longstanding cosmopolitan interpretation of Hong Kong, particularly why this global city fails to absorb China equally through its great inclusiveness and flexibility as before. On the contrary, rising tensions, conflicts and resistance could be founded between Hong Kong and China these days. Design/methodology/approach By using Hong Kong cinema as an analytical lens, this paper seeks to throw light on the cinematic landscape of post-1997 Hong Kong and, by implications, the overall destiny of postcolonial Hong Kong under Chinese rule. Findings The postcolonial Hong Kong, although lacking a symmetric status and equal weight, remains an active player with Chinese hegemony that appeals to the newfound market power to consolidate their systemic control on the city. By acting upon itself with the subjectivity and reflexivity from itself, postcolonial Hong Kong takes many actions to do justice that criticizes the political and ideological correctness and challenges the contemporary national authority from one-party rule. Originality/value This paper demonstrates a new in-betweenness in the relation to the making of postcolonial Hong Kong. This paper advances insights into a postcolonial reinvention of the politics of disappearance that remains underexplored.
2
Zee, Eric. "Chinese (Hong Kong Cantonese)". Journal of the International Phonetic Association 21, nr 1 (czerwiec 1991): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100300006058.
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The style of speech illustrated is that typical of the educated younger generation in Hong Kong. The recording is that of a 22-year-old female university student who has lived all her life in Hong Kong.
3
Tong, Christopher. "Hong Kong Poets and the Making of a Cosmopolitan Literary Genre". Writing Chinese: A Journal of Contemporary Sinophone Literature 2, nr 1 (20.12.2023): 66–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22599/wcj.44.
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Hong Kong has always existed on the margins of history. Interestingly, Hong Kong’s liminal status also made it a cosmopolitan space for transcultural exchanges between Chinese and Western worlds throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Despite its unique position vis-à-vis China and the West, however, Hong Kong has long been dismissed as lacking cultural gravitas. As such, Hong Kong culture finds itself self-consciously confronting a perennial crisis: as the People’s Republic of China gains increasing recognition in the canons of world literature, Hong Kong’s cosmopolitan culture is indirectly side-lined in the process. Meanwhile, Hong Kong literature is routinely underrepresented in the canons of modern Chinese literature. Anthologies of modern Chinese poetry and poetry research, for instance, scarcely include Hong Kong poets, if at all. Given this context, this essay seeks to rearticulate the place of Hong Kong in modern Chinese literary history. More specifically, it traces the emergence of Hong Kong poetry as a cosmopolitan literary genre in the latter half of the twentieth century. The goals are threefold: to historicise the confluence of Chinese and Western literary traditions in the city of Hong Kong; to locate specific intersections of identity, language, and politics in the production of Hong Kong poetry; and to introduce biographical and bibliographical data on notable Hong Kong poets.
4
CARROLL, JOHN M. "Colonial Hong Kong as a Cultural-Historical Place". Modern Asian Studies 40, nr 2 (18.04.2006): 517–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x06001958.
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In July 1997, when Hong Kong reverted to Chinese sovereignty, this former British colony became a new kind of place: a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China (PRC). In the several years leading up to the 1997 transition, a sudden outpouring of Mainland Chinese scholarship stressed how Hong Kong had been an inalienable part of China since ancient times. Until then, however, Hong Kong had rarely figured in Mainland Chinese scholarship. Indeed, Hong Kong suffered from what Michael Yahuda has called a “peculiar neglect”: administered by the British but claimed by China, it was “a kind of bureaucratic no-man's land.” Only one university in all of China had a research institute dedicated primarily to studying Hong Kong. As part of this new “Hong Kong studies” (Xianggangxue), in 1997 China's national television studio produced two multi-episodic documentaries on Hong Kong: “One Hundred Years of Hong Kong” (Xianggang bainian) and “Hong Kong Vicissitudes” (Xianggang cangsang). The studio also produced two shorter documentaries, “One Hundred Points about Hong Kong” (Xianggang baiti) and “The Story of Hong Kong” (Xianggang de gushi). The “Fragrant Harbor” that PRC historians had generally dismissed as an embarrassing anachronism in a predominantly postcolonial world suddenly found its way into millions of Mainland Chinese homes.
5
Shi, Dingxu. "Hong Kong written Chinese". Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 16, nr 2 (12.10.2006): 299–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.16.2.09shi.
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Hong Kong written Chinese is the register used in government documents, serious literature and the formal sections of printed media. It is a local variation of Standard Chinese and has many special features in its lexicon, syntax and discourse. These features come from three distinctive sources: English, Cantonese and innovation. The main concern of this paper is which features come from English and how they are adopted. It is shown that Hong Kong written Chinese has a large number of English loan words, both localized and semi-localized ones, and quite a few calque forms from English. Some of its lexical items have undergone semantic shift under the influence of English or Cantonese. The most interesting characteristic of Hong Kong written Chinese is that a number of its words have changed their syntactic behavior due to English influence and a few syntactic structures are apparently adopted from English. This particular form of written Chinese thus provides an excellent case to study the impact of bilingualism and multilingualism on language use and language change induced by language contact.
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Lok, Peter. "Lost in Hong Kong". Social Transformations in Chinese Societies 13, nr 2 (5.09.2017): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/stics-04-2017-0011.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how a neo-liberal nationalist discourse of China imagines the spatial identity of the post-1997 Hong Kong with reference to Lost in Hong Kong, a new Chinese middle-class film in 2015 with successful box office sales. Design/methodology/approach Textual analysis with the aid of psychoanalysis, postcolonial studies and semiotics is used to interpret the meaning of the film in this study. The study also utilizes the previous literature reviews about the formation of the Chinese national identity to help analyze the distinct identity of the Chinese middle class today. Findings The discussion pinpoints how the new Chinese middle class as neo-liberal nationalists take Hong Kong as a “bizarre national redemptive space”. While Hong Kong is cinematically constructed as such a national other, this paper argues that the Hong Kong in question stands not for itself but in a form of “reverse hallucination” for pacifying the new Chinese middle class’ trauma under the rapid neo-liberalization of China in the 1990s. Originality/value This paper shows the new of formation of the Chinese nationalist’s discourse, especially the new Chinese middle-class discourse on Hong Kong after 1997.
7
Chan, Siu Han. "Chinese Nationality and Coloniality of Hong Kong Student Movement, 1960–1970s". Asian Journal of Social Science 46, nr 3 (14.06.2018): 330–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685314-04603006.
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Abstract The present study investigates the episode of Hong Kong student movement in the 1960s to 1970s inspired by the charismatic idea of the Chinese Nation. Unlike most other cases of nationalist politics in colonial societies, Chinese identity politics in Hong Kong not only failed to challenge fundamentally the legitimacy of the British colonial state. It also did not proselytise Hong Kong people towards Chinese national identification and preoccupy Hong Kong society with the Chinese Question thereafter. Propitious colonial modernisation experience acting upon a diasporic population, which found it hard to establish meaningful rapport with the Chinese Nation, had attributed to the eccentric trajectory of Chinese Nationalism in Hong Kong. Local societal and cultural formations were then the eclectic solution to the ideational paradox of colonial modernity and Chinese Nationality in Hong Kong, which, however, remains problematic on its own, and connects closely with the lingering coloniality observed in this post-colonial society.
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Tang, Winnie. "(Re) imaginings of Hong Kong: Voices from the Hong Kong Diaspora and Their Children". Journal of Chinese Overseas 10, nr 1 (14.04.2014): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17932548-12341275.
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AbstractThis paper explores the (re)imaginings of the past by Chinese Americans and their families who came as part of the Hong Kong Chinese diaspora before 1997. Hong Kong is a locale often described as being conflicted with “the politics of disappearance”, but the Hong Kong Chinese diaspora provides a rich perspective into complex and nuanced tensions between central and peripheral linguistic and cultural imperialistic fields across time. Drawing upon the sociological work of transnational migration and belonging in Hong Kong, this research explores the discourses of Hong Kong émigrés and their young adult and adult children as they discuss their immigration stories, imaginings, and reimaginings of a colonial and post-colonial Hong Kong. The paper focuses on intergenerational conveyance of imagined identities across contexts and languages.
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Wang, Qiyu. "The Research on the Hong Kong's Ideological Identity in Days of Being Wild". BCP Education & Psychology 8 (27.02.2023): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpep.v8i.4342.
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At a time when Hong Kong's ideological identity is diverging from that of mainland China, Days of Being Wild, as a film that profoundly insinuates the problem of Hong Kong's identity, lurks as a root cause and a solution to the problem of resolving the conflict between Hong Kong and mainland China. At present, the ideological research on the film is mainly focused on post-colonial studies, and the value of the film for Hong Kong identity studies is not well understood. This article uses the ideological analysis of the film in John Ford's Young Mr. Lincoln of Cahiers du Cinéma to analyze the background characters and the ideology of the film, identifying two different attitudes to identity in Hong Kong during the same period: the "Hong Kong Chinese" who accepted the handover and the "Hong Kong Chinese" who accepted the handover. The film's ideological analysis reveals two different attitudes towards identity in Hong Kong during the same period: the "Hong Kong Chinese" who accepted the handover and the immigrants who completely abandoned their "Chinese" identity. On this basis, the article proposes film-making suggestions to bridge the rift between mainland China and Hong Kong: rooting in a common cultural context and reducing the export of ideological prejudice.
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Kin, Au Chi. "The Academic Role of Hong Kong in the Development of Chinese Culture, 1950s–70s". China Report 54, nr 1 (28.12.2017): 66–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445517744408.
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For many people, ‘Hong Kong is a cultural desert’. However, we find that Hong Kong plays an important academic role and acts as a cultural bridge between China and Western countries, especially when China experiences unstable political, economic, social and cultural situations. The People’s Republic of China was established in 1949. During this time, numerous scholars fled China and selected Hong Kong as a ‘shelter’. Some decided to stay for good, whereas others viewed the territory as a stepping stone. Regardless of their reasons, their academic performance has significantly influenced Hong Kong. Two of the most famous scholars in this period were Luo Xianglin (羅香林 Lo Shan Lin) and Qian Mu (錢穆). Luo taught at the Department of Chinese of the University of Hong Kong. Qian was a faculty member at the New Asia College, which was one of the founding members of the Chinese University of Hong Kong. This study will examine the following issues: (i) why these two scholars selected Hong Kong, (ii) what role they played in the development of tertiary education with regard to Chinese studies in Hong Kong, (iii) how they developed the role of Hong Kong as a haven for the protection of Chinese culture and (iv) how Qian Mu developed New Asia College as a vehicle for spreading the ‘New’ Asian culture in the 1960s.
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Pang, Ka Wei. "The making of Chinese medicine in Hong Kong". Social Transformations in Chinese Societies 14, nr 1 (8.05.2018): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/stics-01-2018-0003.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine the development of Chinese medicine in Hong Kong and argues that Chinese medicine is not a mere healing practice but a discursive practice against its unique institutional context. Design/methodology/approach Reviewing the medical history in the colonial and post-colonial era, this paper delineates the dynamics between Chinese medicine and Western medicine, and the discursive shaping of Chinese medicine in Hong Kong. Findings While Chinese medicine in post-colonial Hong Kong is modernizing itself from a traditional medicine to the scientific Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), it partakes in the decolonization and nationalization project and is geared towards the standardized TCM. Originality/value This paper proposed a critical cultural perspective in studying the discursive formation of Chinese medicine in Hong Kong.
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Ho, Wai-chung. "The political meaning of Hong Kong popular music: a review of sociopolitical relations between Hong Kong and the People's Republic of China since the 1980s". Popular Music 19, nr 3 (październik 2000): 341–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143000000209.
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IntroductionThe aim of this paper is to analyse shifting themes in the meanings of Hong Kong popular songs relating to ideological and political changes in Hong Kong since the 1989 Tiananmen Square incident (TSI). In particular, the paper examines the relationship between Hong Kong and the People's Republic of China (PRC) concerning the transmission of Hong Kong popular music, and argues that Chinese, Hong Kong and Taiwanese popular musics articulate fluctuating political meanings. Attention will be focused predominantly on the lyrics, but some aspects of the music are also invoked. After highlighting the political and cultural relations between Hong Kong and the PRC, I discuss the social transformations and the struggles for democracy delineated in Chinese popular music during the 1989 TSI. This is followed by an examination of the intensification of the conflict between the PRC and Hong Kong over the dissemination of popular songs carrying democratic messages in Hong Kong. Finally, the paper considers the rise of patriotism and/or nationalism through lyrics rooted in the notion of educating Hong Kong Chinese people into accepting the cultural and political identity of mainland China, and the promotion of popular songs in the official language of the PRC, Putonghua, since the late transitional period.
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Fu, Poshek. "Japanese Occupation, Shanghai Exiles, and Postwar Hong Kong Cinema". China Quarterly 194 (czerwiec 2008): 380–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030574100800043x.
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AbstractThis article explores a little-explored subject in a critical period of the history of Hong Kong and China. Shortly after the surrender of Japan in 1945, China was in the throes of civil war between the Nationalists and Communists while British colonial rule was restored in Hong Kong, The communist victory in 1949 deepened the Cold War in Asia. In this chaotic and highly volatile context, the flows and linkages between Shanghai and Hong Kong intensified as many Chinese sought refuge in the British colony. This Shanghai–Hong Kong nexus played a significant role in the rebuilding of the post-war Hong Kong film industry and paved the way for its transformation into the capital of a global pan-Chinese cinema in the 1960s and 1970s. Focusing on a study of the cultural, political and business history of post-war Hong Kong cinema, this article aims to open up new avenues to understand 20th-century Chinese history and culture through the translocal and regional perspective of the Shanghai–Hong Kong nexus.
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Tang, Ling. "Guarding the Space In-between". British Journal of Chinese Studies 11 (29.06.2021): 36–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.51661/bjocs.v11i0.71.
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Based on eight in-depth interviews, this article analyses the quandary faced by liberal mainland Chinese student migrants in Hong Kong. On the one hand, the liberal pro-democracy movements in Hong Kong are deeply intertwined with the rise of localism, which is based on a dichotomy between Hong Kong and mainland China. On the other hand, a rising, development-centric nationalism in mainland China reduces Hong Kong protesters to unemancipated British colonial subjects. However, in the context of this “double marginalisation,” liberal Mainland students guard a form of liberalism that transcends both Hong Kong localism and Chinese nationalism. They debunk the stereotype of mainland Chinese students being apolitical and therefore provide an alternative definition of being Chinese. They challenge the view that mainland Chinese can only be emancipated outside mainland China to destabilise a Fukuyamian linear interpretation of history. They use four tactics to cope with double marginalisation: understanding localists, befriending expatriates, assuming professionalism, and becoming apolitical.
Image © Ling Tang
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Tanigaki, Mariko. "The Changing ‘China’ Elements in China Studies in the University of Hong Kong". China Report 54, nr 1 (9.01.2018): 99–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445517744406.
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This article aims to give a broad picture of the development of Chinese/China Studies at the University of Hong Kong until the 1970s. Courses on Chinese were conducted from the very beginning of the establishment of the University of Hong Kong. Chinese Studies at the University of Hong Kong started with the first two migrant scholars to Hong Kong and reflected the pre-Republican style cultivated in the imperial civil service examinations. However, the curriculum changed gradually after the establishment of the Department of Chinese. Xu Dishan and Chen Junbao took the reform further. In the post-World War II period, Frederick Seguier Drake was Professor in the Department of Chinese Studies until 1964 and consolidated the Department. Its development coincided with the basic policy of neutrality pursued by the Hong Kong government with respect to the ongoing tension between the United States and the PRC. By the 1960s, it appeared that more expatriate staff were becoming interested in the study of China and Hong Kong. This led to the establishment of the Centre of Asian Studies in 1967, the first centre where Contemporary China Studies could be pursued.
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Shaoyang, Lin. "Hong Kong in the Midst of Colonialism, Collaborative and Critical Nationalism from 1925 to 1930". China Report 54, nr 1 (2.01.2018): 25–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445517744409.
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In the late 1920s, cultural nationalism in Hong Kong was imbedded in Confucianism, having been disappointed with the New Culture Movement and Chinese revolutionary nationalism.1 It also inspired British collaborative colonialism. This study attempts to explain the link between Hong Kong and the Confucius Revering Movement by analysing the essays on Hong Kong of Lu Xun (1881–1936), the father of modern Chinese literature and one of the most important revolutionary thinkers in modern China. The Confucius Revering Movement, which extended from mainland China to the Southeast Asian Chinese community and then to Hong Kong, formed a highly interrelated network of Chinese cultural nationalism associated with Confucianism. However, the movements in these three places had different cultural and political roles in keeping with their own contexts. Collaborative colonialism’s interference with the Confucius Revering Movement is one way to understand Lu Xun’s critical reading of Hong Kong. That is, Hong Kong’s Confucius Revering Movement was seen as an endeavour of the colonial authorities to co-opt Confucianism in order to deal with influences from China. This article argues that Hong Kong’s Confucius Revering Movement should be regarded as one of the main perspectives through which to understand Hong Kong’s educational, cultural and political histories from the 1920s to the late 1960s. Lu Xun enables us to see several links. The first link is the one connecting the Confucius Revering Movement in Mainland China, Hong Kong and the Chinese community in Southeast Asia. This leads to the second link, that is, Lim Boen Keng (Lin Wenqing), the leading figure of the Confucius Revering Movement in the Southeast Asian Chinese community who later became the President of Amoy University, where Lu Xun had taught before his first visit to Hong Kong. The third link is the skilful colonial administrator Sir Cecil Clementi, who came to British Malaya in February 1930 to become Governor after being the Governor of Hong Kong. We can observe a network of Chinese critical/resistant and collaborative nationalism from these links.
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Lu, Xiao. "Hollywood Genre, Cultural Hybridity, and Musical Films in 1950s Hong Kong". Arts 12, nr 6 (8.11.2023): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts12060237.
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Following the trauma of the Second World War, Hong Kong, under British governance, enjoyed considerable economic and political freedom to establish a local entertainment industry. Musical films became a major genre of Hong Kong’s film releases in the 1950s. Local melodramas, Hollywood musicals, celebrities, and ideals of female beauty were all present in the growth of Hong Kong musical films, which culminated in a glorious display of cinematic art. This article aims to provide insight into the popularity of Chinese-speaking musical films by examining the social, economic, and political complexity of 1950s Hong Kong, including post-war migration and colonial censorship. An in-depth analysis of Li Han-Hsiang’s The Kingdom and the Beauty demonstrates how Hong Kong studios adapted the Hollywood musical to tell Chinese stories and how Hong Kong musical films incorporated Chinese literature and music to represent cultural memory, local identity, and modern aesthetics. This case study sheds light on the localization of a Hollywood genre and the hybridization of Chinese and Western entertainment forms to appeal to a Chinese audience, thereby broadening the definition of cultural hybridity and informing the practice of Hong Kong’s musical filmmaking.
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Song, Chris. ""The City’s Charms and Challenges" by P K Leung (translation)". Writing Chinese: A Journal of Contemporary Sinophone Literature 2, nr 1 (9.01.2024): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22599/wcj.56.
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In this essay “The City’s Charms and Challenges” 城巿的诱惑·城市的挑战' by P K Leung (alias Ye Si 也斯) published in Zhong Hua Du Shu Bao (《 中华读书报》) in 2013, Leung traces his own journey as he -- just like many other Chinese families -- moved with his family from Guangdong to Hong Kong in 1949, where he grew up, lived and taught, becoming one of the best-known Hong Kong writers. In the essay, he also mapped out the early beginnings of Hong Kong literature, its intrinsic roots in Chinese literature, and how it has thrived amidst the socio-cultural and historical changes in Hong Kong in the last few decades. In charting the locality of places, the difference between the urban and the rural living in Hong Kong, Leung highlights the importance to acknowledge the complex layers and dimensions of Hong Kong literature, where both Chinese and English languages and different cultures intersect.
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Huei-Ying (郭慧英), Kuo. "Trading with the “Enemy”? Hong Kong Bourgeoisie and Chinese Nationalism during the Two Wars, 1919–1941". Translocal Chinese: East Asian Perspectives 9, nr 1 (21.12.2015): 170–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24522015-00900009.
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This paper examines the interplay between trade and nationalism in the development of Chinese bourgeois nationalism in British Hong Kong in the interwar years (1919–1941). It points out the contingent responses among the Chinese bourgeoisie to the calls of Chinese nationalism. The bourgeoisie were lukewarm to the mobilization of the Chinese anti-British strikes and boycotts in the 1920s. They however organized fundraising movements and charities to support the Chinese defence against the Japanese inroads in the 1930s. The implication of the findings is twofold: first, the operation of Chinese antiforeigner movements in Hong Kong was not “taught nationalism” dictated by nationalists in mainland China. Second, while Chinese bourgeoisie identified the Japanese expansion as a reason for the British decline, they did not attempt to interrupt the Japanese trade. The latter was crucial for the Chinese manufacturers in Hong Kong to sustain their business. The agency of Chinese in Hong Kong in the decades of high Chinese nationalism points to the importance of examining Chinese bourgeois nationalism in Hong Kong against the backdrop of the colony’s place in the inter-imperialist rivalry between the demise of the British free-trade imperialism and the rise of the Japanese East Asian New Order. (This article is in Chinese.)
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Jiang, Hechao, Daniel T. L. Shek i Moon Y. M. Law. "Differences between Chinese Adolescent Immigrants and Adolescent Non-Immigrants in Hong Kong: Perceived Psychosocial Attributes, School Environment and Characteristics of Hong Kong Adolescents". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, nr 7 (2.04.2021): 3739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073739.
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Although the impact of immigration on adolescent developmental outcomes has received extensive scholarly attention, the impact of internal migration, particularly in the Chinese context, on adolescents’ psychosocial development has not been scientifically investigated. This study examined whether mainland Chinese adolescent immigrants (N = 590) and adolescent non-immigrants (n = 1798) differed on: (a) psychosocial attributes indexed by character traits, well-being, social behavior, and views on child development, (b) perceived school environment, and (c) perceptions of characteristics of Hong Kong adolescents. Consistent with the healthy migration hypothesis, Hong Kong adolescents and mainland Chinese adolescent immigrants did not differ on most of the outcomes; Chinese adolescent immigrants showed higher perceived moral character, empathy, and social trust than did Hong Kong adolescent non-immigrants. Chinese adolescent immigrants also showed more favorable perceptions of the school environment and moral character, social trust and social responsibility of adolescents in Hong Kong. This pioneer Chinese study provides support for the healthy immigration hypothesis (immigration paradox hypothesis) but not the immigration morbidity hypothesis within the specific sociocultural context of Hong Kong in China.
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P.C. Cheung, Patti, i Maria L.C. Lau. "From union catalogue to fusion catalogue". Library Management 35, nr 1/2 (7.01.2014): 88–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lm-04-2013-0031.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to reflect The Chinese University of Hong Kong Library's catalogue evolution as a result of electronic resources cataloguing and how collaborative cataloguing could be implemented in the context of Hong Kong. Design/methodology/approach – The paper outlines the challenges faced by The Chinese University of Hong Kong Library and the need to find alternative way to catalogue e-books come in large batches. It describes in particular the cataloguing of Chinese e-books in collaboration with the China Academic Library and Information System (CALIS). Findings – Different cataloguing data set are inevitably blended into the library catalogue to be used by users. Still, collaboration is feasible when libraries are ready to make compromise and accept variances in the library catalogue. Originality/value – The Chinese University of Hong Kong Library is the first library in Hong Kong to work collaboratively with CALIS to batch convert its records for cataloguing of Chinese e-books. The paper is useful for librarians exploring new source for Chinese cataloguing or collaborative initiatives with libraries in China.
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Rule, Pauline. "The Transformative Effect of Australian Experience on the Life of Ho A Mei, 1838–1901, Hong Kong Community Leader and Entrepreneur". Journal of Chinese Overseas 9, nr 2 (2013): 107–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17932548-12341256.
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Abstract Ho A Mei, one of the earliest young Chinese to receive a thorough English education in the colony of Hong Kong, spent ten difficult years from 1858 to 1868, striving to make a fortune in the gold rush Australian colony of Victoria. Here he learnt much about modern business practices and ventures and also protested against the racial hostility that the Chinese encountered. Eventually after his retreat back to Hong Kong and Guangdong Province, he was successful partly because of his experiences in the advanced capitalist economy of colonial Victoria. This led him to move beyond the mercantile enterprises and property buying, which were key activities of many Hong Kong Chinese businessmen, into the areas of modern financial and telegraph services and mining ventures. He also spoke out frequently in a provocative manner against the colonial government over injustices and discrimination that limited the rights and freedom of the Chinese in Hong Kong. During the 1880s and 1890s, he was a recognized Chinese community leader, one whose assertiveness on behalf of Chinese interests was not always appreciated by the Hong Kong authorities.
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Pan, Jia-Yan, Daniel Fu Keung Wong, Lynette Joubert i Cecilia Lai Wan Chan. "Acculturative Stressor and Meaning of Life as Predictors of Negative Affect in Acculturation: A Cross-Cultural Comparative Study between Chinese International Students in Australia and Hong Kong". Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 41, nr 9 (wrzesień 2007): 740–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048670701517942.
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Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the predictive effects of acculturative stressor and meaning of life on negative affect in the process of acculturation between Chinese international students in Australia and Hong Kong. Method: Four hundred mainland Chinese students studying at six universities in Hong Kong and 227 Chinese international students studying at the University of Melbourne in Australia completed a questionnaire that included measures of acculturative stressor, meaning of life, negative affect and demographic information. Results: The Australian sample was found to have a higher level of acculturative stressor and negative affect than the Hong Kong sample. Acculturative stressor had a positive impact on negative affect in both samples, but the impact of different domains of acculturative stressor on negative affect varied between the two groups. Finally, meaning of life partially mediated the relationship between acculturative stressor and negative affect in the Hong Kong sample, but no such effect was found in the Australia sample. Conclusions: Acculturative stressor is a critical risk factor for negative affect in acculturation for Chinese international students in Australia and Hong Kong. Meaning of life acted as a protective factor that mitigated negative affect for mainland Chinese students in Hong Kong, but not for the Chinese international students in Australia. The theoretical and practical implications for resilience-based and meaning-oriented intervention for Chinese international students are discussed.
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So, Lisa L. Y. "Dental developmental status of Southern Chinese girls in Hong Kong". Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Anthropologie 78, nr 2 (30.11.1990): 197–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zma/78/1990/197.
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Mok, C. C., i C. S. Lau. "Lupus in Hong Kong Chinese". Lupus 12, nr 9 (1.09.2003): 717–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0961203303lu451xx.
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MacDonald-Jankowski, David S., i Pui Chee Wu. "Cementoblastoma in Hong Kong Chinese". Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology 73, nr 6 (czerwiec 1992): 760–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(92)90024-k.
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Feng, Lin. "Hong Kong’s Role in the BRI Dispute Resolution: Limits of Law and Power of Politics". Chinese Journal of Comparative Law 8, nr 1 (9.05.2020): 224–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cjcl/cxaa007.
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Abstract The Hong Kong government has aimed to make Hong Kong an international dispute resolution hub for decades. After China’s launch of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), Hong Kong has striven to make itself such a hub under the BRI. This article chooses arbitration as an example to examine Hong Kong’s role in the dispute resolution under the BRI from three perspectives, that is, its legal infrastructure, central and local governmental policy support, and challenges faced by Hong Kong. Detailed review reveals that Hong Kong’s legal infrastructure is well suited to resolve any disputes arising under the BRI and that there is also strong policy support from both the Chinese central government and the Hong Kong government. After examining challenges from Mainland Chinese arbitration institutions and self-contradiction within national policy documents, international and foreign arbitration institutions, and Hong Kong’s political instability and conflicts with the Mainland, the article suggests that the primary reason why Hong Kong has not been successful in getting its share of dispute resolution business under the BRI is its political instability and bad relationship with Mainland China. It argues that Hong Kong’s political skills in convincing both the Chinese central government and State-owned enterprises to choose Hong Kong as the forum for resolving disputes under the BRI are more important and will determine whether Hong Kong can get a fair share of the dispute resolution business under the BRI. In addition, the Hong Kong government and the relevant stakeholders in Hong Kong should also change their mentality from thinking only about Hong Kong’s interests to putting themselves in the shoes of the Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macau (GHM) Greater Bay Area and come up with a collaborative strategy to develop dispute resolution mechanisms in the GHM Greater Bay Area together. Only in so doing will Hong Kong be able to get its share of dispute resolution business from projects under the BRI.
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Gvili, Gal. "Book review: Cho-yun Hsu, The Transcendental and the Mundane: Chinese Cultural Values in Everyday Life". China Report 59, nr 3 (sierpień 2023): 332–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00094455231188280.
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Wan, Kent. "The Guangdong-Hong Kong nexus in grassroots collective actions amid Sino-Anglo interface, 1841 to 1927". Public Administration and Policy 24, nr 3 (27.10.2021): 253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pap-08-2021-0048.
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PurposeThis paper provides an analytical account detailing the historical linkages between Chinese on both sides of the Sino-Hong Kong border from 1841 onwards and examining important incidents of collective actions in the colony and Canton.Design/methodology/approachUsing annual reports published by the colonial administration in Hong Kong, especially those focusing on years that witnessed major incidents of anti-colonial agitations, this paper analyzes how British policymakers were confronted by collective actions mounted by Chinese in Canton and Hong Kong. Building on the works of prominent historians and utilizing the theoretical frameworks of analysts such as Charles Tilly (1978), the author examines if a Cantonese regional solidarity served as the foundation for popular movements, which in turn consolidated a rising Chinese nationalism when Canton and Hong Kong were the focal points of mass actions against imperialism.FindingsHong Kong Chinese workers were vanguards of the modern Chinese revolutions that transformed not just their homeland, but their lives, allegiances, and aspirations as Chinese in a domain under foreign jurisdiction on Chinese soil, as their actions were emulated by their compatriots outside of South China, thus starting a chain reaction that culminated in the establishment of the Nanjing regime.Originality/valueThis paper reveals that popular movements of Hong Kong Chinese possessed national and international importance, especially when they were supported by their Cantonese compatriots and the two leading Chinese political parties, the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).
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Alford, Duncan. "A Bridge Between East and West: The Universities Service Centre of the Chinese University of Hong Kong". International Journal of Legal Information 34, nr 3 (2006): 585–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500001761.
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Fragrant Harbor is the literal translation of the Chinese (pinyin Xiang Gang) for Hong Kong. Once a British colony and now a Special Administrative Region within the People's Republic of China, Hong Kong is also a global financial center. In June 2006 I had the privilege of conducting legal research as a visiting scholar at the Universities Service Centre of the Chinese University of Hong Kong. My research topic was the influence of Hong Kong banking law on banking reform in the People's Republic of China. The following is a brief summary of my research and experience there.
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Lee, Sing, Helen F. K. Chiu i Char-Nie Chen. "Anorexia Nervosa in Hong Kong". British Journal of Psychiatry 154, nr 5 (maj 1989): 683–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.154.5.683.
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Anorexia nervosa is a geographically distinct psychiatric disorder; it is rapidly increasing in incidence in Western countries, while being virtually unreported in China, or in the Chinese community of Hong Kong. This is surprising when the Chinese preoccupation with food and their reported readiness to somatise dysphoria are considered. Three Chinese anorectics born and living in Hong Kong and exhibiting mostly typical clinical features are reported. The rarity of the disorder in the East could be related to protective biological and sociocultural factors specific to the Chinese, and while it may become more common, anorexia nervosa is unlikely to reach Western proportions.
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Wong Foreman, Matthew. "The Making of the Eurasian in Fin-de-Siècle Hong Kong". Pacific Historical Review 92, nr 4 (2023): 576–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2023.92.4.576.
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This article examines the emergence of the Hong Kong Eurasian community through analyzing the rise of a transnational “Chineseness” in fin-de-siècle Hong Kong. Specifically, it interrogates competing visions of who qualified as Chinese in the years surrounding a 1902 debate over the proposed appointment of Robert Ho Tung, a Eurasian, as the Chinese representative to the Legislative Council. The article argues that the rising prejudice Eurasians faced in the early twentieth century prompted many Hong Kong Eurasians to disidentify with local Chinese and instead establish their own community. This prejudice was due to a hardening of racial typology from the mid-nineteenth century onward, a discursive process rooted in the increasingly racialized geopolitical landscape across the transpacific region during the same period. Transnational Chineseness, an interpretation of Chinese identity that privileged immutable racial characteristics above all else, entered Hong Kong discourse at the turn of the century. Hong Kong was a staging ground for a global racial discourse where competing conceptions simultaneously denied yet reified color lines.
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Cheung, Anne S. Y. "The Paradox of Hong Kong Colonialism: Inclusion as Exclusion". Canadian journal of law and society 11, nr 2 (1996): 63–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0829320100004877.
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AbstractThis paper examines the British legal policy in Hong Kong which preserved Chinese customary law as a subtle and indirect form of social control. The initial takeover of Hong Kong by the British in 1841 was motivated by economic interest in China. Hong Kong was to be developed into an entrepôt under a laissez-faire government. In order to pacify the local subjects and the Chinese government, English law was applied to British subjects but the local Chinese were governed by Chinese customary law. Gradually, the interpretation of customary law by English judges and common law courts transformed and even created a new understanding of this law. The preservation of customary law had the paradoxical effect of ousting the local narrative. One hundred and fifty-six years have passed; Hong Kong has fulfilled the British dream of being a flamboyant commercial centre. However, in less than 150 days, Hong Kong will be elevated from the status of a British colony to that of “special administrative region” of China. Nonetheless, the rhetoric of laissez-faire government continues to be reflected in the policy of “high degree of autonomy.” The fate of Hong Kong is certainly unknown. Hopefully, the study of its past experience will shed some light on its future.
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Sinn, Elizabeth. "Preparing Opium for America: Hong Kong and Cultural Consumption in the Chinese Diaspora". Journal of Chinese Overseas 1, nr 1 (2005): 16–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/179325405788639355.
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AbstractThis article studies how emigrants' consumption, conditioned by social values and taste transplanted from the home country, affected long distance trade. As tens of thousands of Chinese went to North America, Australia and New Zealand from the time of the Gold Rush, a market for Chinese consumption goods arose, with prepared opium being a leading commodity. Chinese, both at home and abroad, consumed opium by smoking and demanded opium to be boiled in a particular way. As brands prepared in Hong Kong were widely acknowledged as the best, the export trade in Hong Kong's opium to these high-end markets became extremely lucrative. Producers elsewhere resorted to different ploys to get a Hong Kong stamp on their products. The Hong Kong government manipulated different groups of Chinese merchants inside and outside Hong Kong to maximize its revenue from the opium farm, while rival merchant groups sometimes combined to trump the government. The situation not only offers a lesson for the study of state-business relations but also undermines the popular claim that the Hong Kong government practiced laissez-fairism. On another level, the study, by highlighting the consumption of one particular commodity, draws attention to the Chinese diaspora as transnational cultural space.
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Hui, Stanley Sai-chuen. "Current Perspectives on Health and Physical Activity in Hong Kong: A Review". Journal of Physical Activity and Health 1, nr 1 (styczeń 2004): 56–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.1.1.56.
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Promoting regular physical activity has been considered one of the most important aspects of preventive medicine in recent years. This is due to the fact that tremendous evidence has been found about the positive association between increasing physical activity and desirable health effects. Findings have been summarized in a number of review documents; however, most of these reviews emphasize findings retrieved from research conducted in Western countries. Few papers were found to summarize findings in physical activity and health of the Hong Kong Chinese population. Epidemiological studies revealed that there exists distinct diverse health status among different ethnic groups due to culture, beliefs, genetic makeup, health practices, and behaviors in these highly diverse groups. This chapter reviews what is known about the association between physical activity and health in the Chinese population of Hong Kong. Current health issues including coronary heart disease, obesity, diabetes, cancer, osteoporosis, and so on, that are specific to the Hong Kong situation are reviewed. Moreover, findings in physical activity participation levels of Hong Kong adults and children are introduced. Results indicate that the associations between physical activity and health found in the Chinese population of Hong Kong share similar trends as those reported in Western countries. Three quarters of Hong Kong children and adults are not physically active enough to achieve health benefits. The physical activity level for the Hong Kong Chinese population remains low. The need for promotional and intervention programs on physical activity participation is pressing.
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Luo, Wen, i Xianghan Cao. "COVID-19 Pandemic and Stock Market Contagion Between the Chinese Mainland and Hong Kong". Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 12, nr 2 (6.12.2023): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/fbem.v12i2.14610.
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This study utilizes stock market data from March 2020 to December 2022, employing VAR models and Granger causality models to investigate the daily returns and contagion effect of the CSI 300 and the HSI in Hong Kong. Based on this, the analysis explores the impact of the pandemic on the contagion effect between the mainland Chinese and Hong Kong stock markets. The research findings indicate that during the pandemic period, there exists a unidirectional Granger causality relationship from the Hong Kong stock market to the mainland Chinese stock market. The pandemic has intensified the connection between mainland China and Hong Kong, significantly increasing their mutual influence. The overall trends of the two stock markets are consistent, with the mainland Chinese market exhibiting smoother fluctuations during this period.
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Zou, Pingxue, i Taotao Zhao. "Conflict in Interpretation? The Definition and Application of Article 22 of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region". International Journal of Law and Politics Studies 4, nr 1 (18.05.2022): 38–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijlps.2022.4.1.6.
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In April 2020, a debate broke out over whether the Liaison Office of the Central People’s Government in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (LOCPG HK) and the Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office of the State Council (HKMAO) have the authority to comment on Hong Kong's Legislative Council affairs under Article 22 of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong SAR. In response to this debate and to review the divergent interpretations of Article 22 of the Basic Law by China mainland and Hong Kong commentators, this research examines the legislative history, original intention of Article 22, and its relationship with relevant Chinese law and policies. It argues that the LOCPG HK and the HKMAO are not subject to Article 22 of the Basic Law. Furthermore, these agencies' involvement in Hong Kong issues should be regarded as exercising their lawful authority to supervise Hong Kong's internal affairs rather than as "interference". It advocates that to reduce the conflict in interpretation between Mainland and Hong Kong legal communities, textual analysis, systematic content analysis, and the Chinese legal system should be the bases of future interpretation and application of the Hong Kong Basic Law.
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Lam, Gigi, i Edward Jow-Ching Tu. "Population policy regarding Mainland Chinese females’ contribution to Hong Kong fertility". Asian Education and Development Studies 5, nr 3 (11.07.2016): 318–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-04-2015-0011.
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Purpose – Hong Kong is considered to be an aging population because of the ultralow fertility rates and long life expectancy of its population. A promising solution to remedy this age imbalance is to recruit young people from outside Hong Kong. The inflow of Type II babies (i.e. babies born of Mainland Chinese women whose spouses are not Hong Kong citizens) has created an abundance of them within the young population. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach – These controversies have been evaluated being mindful of the operation of a free economy in Hong Kong and the relevance of upholding the rule of law (Wong, 2012). Findings – Wong’s (2012) recommendations to endow the Hong Kong Government with the authority to approve applications from a one-way permit system and to separate the right of residency of Type II babies from their entitlement to welfare services have also been summarized. Originality/value – The inflow of Type II babies, however, has also generated public controversy concerning the intensifying competition for both public and private hospital services between Hong Kong residents and Mainlanders. This controversy has given rise to some questioning of whether a reinterpretation of the law is warranted to deny residency to Type II babies whose parents are not Hong Kong residents (Wong, 2012).
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Xu, Cora Lingling. "When the Hong Kong Dream Meets the Anti-Mainlandisation Discourse: Mainland Chinese Students in Hong Kong". Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 44, nr 3 (wrzesień 2015): 15–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810261504400302.
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This article looks at identity constructions of mainland Chinese undergraduate students in a Hong Kong university. These students shared a “Hong Kong Dream” characterised by a desire for change in individual outlooks, a yearning for international exposure, and rich imaginations about Hong Kong and beyond. However, when their Hong Kong Dream met Hong Kong's “anti-mainlandisation discourse,” as was partially, yet acutely, reflected in the recent Occupy Central movement, most students constructed the simultaneous identities of a “free” self that was spatially mobile and ideologically unconfined and an “elite” self that was among the winners of global competition. This article argues that the identity constructions of these mainland Chinese students shed light on global student mobilisation and provide a unique, insider's perspective into the integration process between Hong Kong and the rest of the People's Republic of China.
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Nagy, Stephen Robert. "Social Inequality and the Rise of Localism in Hong Kong". International Studies Review 16, nr 2 (19.10.2015): 25–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2667078x-01602002.
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An increasing number of people define themselves as Hong Kong citizens or as Chinese Hong Kong citizens, rather than as Chinese citizens. This shift in identity accompanies growing social inequality, revealed by Hong Kong’s Gini Coefficient increasing from 0.525 in 2001 to 0.537 in 2011. Rising social inequality has led to localism/local-based nationalism. Is there a relationship between social inequality and increased localism? This paper argues that the growth of social inequality and increased localism in Hong Kong is partially related to migration schemes employed there to attract highly skilled global talent. This calls attention to increasing intra-ethnic distinction and discrimination in Hong Kong and its relationship to growing social inequality and localism.
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Gentle, Paul. "Some Economic Issues concerning the Loss of the Special Status Relationship between the United States and Hong Kong". SocioEconomic Challenges 6, nr 2 (2022): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/sec.6(2).67-82.2022.
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The demonstrations in 2019, 2020 and thereabouts for the preservation of certain civil rights in Hong Kong, led to some suppression by the Chinese National central government. As a result, some of the special trade advantages between Hong Kong and the U.S. were lost. The economics and cultural special traits helped Hong Kong thrive. Having a judicial system separate from that of Mainland China, allowed for a more commerce producing judiciary. A key requirement for Hong Kong to be treated differently than Mainland China was for Hong Kong to have some independent autonomy, sufficient for the U.S. to see Hong Kong as a separate area politically from Mainland China. In July 2020, the U.S. made the formal decision to take away Hong Kong’s special status, because a sufficiently independent Hong Kong no longer exists. This article examines the history of this phenomena and the results of having that special trade policy changed. Data from recent years show how the economy with Hong Kong and trade with Hong Kong has changed. Unfortunately, some cultural ties and exchanges between the United States and Hong Kong have also been curtailed. These changes regarding cultural ties are beyond the scope of this article. In regard to Chinese support for the United States, Ukraine and NATO, Ukraine in the war between Ukraine and Russia, this should be pointed out. China should support Ukraine, since it is in China’s best interest, and it is the right action to take.
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Gong, Zhiwen, Fung Chan i Yan Wu. "Borrowing Hong Kong’s International Standards: A Steppingstone for the Chinese “Belt and Road” Going Out?" Sustainability 13, nr 6 (22.03.2021): 3485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063485.
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When the Chinese government proposed the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)in 2015, Hong Kong was positioned as a “super-connector” responsible for bridging the mainland and global markets and was planned to integrate into the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macau Greater Bay Area. The objective of this article is to analyze the Chinese designs to promote its BRI collaboration through Hong Kong to enhance foreign confidence and ensure that the related institutional transplantation is sustainable in other countries and that it is on par with international standards. However, the rise of neighboring cities and the changing Sino–American relationship in recent years has provided uncertainties for the future development of Hong Kong. Due to these factors, this article argues that Hong Kong may not effectively share the functions in the BRI planning designed by the Chinese authorities. Because Hong Kong’s role and how it influences the policy outcomes within the BRI framework have not been thoroughly studied, this article will supplement the current literature vacuum on this specific issue and its future development.
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Hongjin He, Hilary. ""Chinesenesses" Outside Mainland China: Macao and Taiwan through Post-1997 Hong Kong Cinema". Culture Unbound 4, nr 2 (1.06.2012): 297–325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/cu.2000.1525.124297.
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By examining the filmic representation of Macao and Taiwan in Hong Kong films, mostly released after the 1997 sovereignty transfer, this paper will address the notion of Chineseness in its plural form as associated with different Chinese societies. The purpose is to bring attention to the cosmopolitan side of Chineseness in Hong Kong cinema rather than the mere influence from the Mainland (PRC). I will argue that it is this pluralised, composite Chineseness reflected in Hong Kong cinema that has reinforced its very “Hong Kong-ness” against the impact from the “orthodox” Chineseness of the Mainland. Through a combination of textual and contextual analyses of selected Hong Kong diaspora films respectively set in Macao and Taiwan, this paper aims to provide a general understanding of the imbrications of various Chinese societies within Greater China and, most importantly, the changing role and position of Hong Kong (cinema) within this conceptual China as “one country” before and after it became a special part of the PRC.
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Changsong, Nam Wang, i Rohani Hashim. "How Chinese Youth Cinema Develops? Reviewing Chinese Youth Genre in Mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong, 1950s-2000s". GATR Global Journal of Business Social Sciences Review 2, nr 1 (13.01.2014): 54–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2014.2.1(7).
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Objective - This study considers Chinese youth cinema as a historical object that represents the gamut of social practices and styles of production. Methodology/Technique - The authors examine the historical development of young people for tracing how different social and historical contexts interpret the Chinese young people's world. Findings - The youth films produced in the major Chinese regions—Mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong—illustrate how much social practices dominated the film content and style. For instance, youth genre in Hong Kong, once prevalent in the Cantonese cinema of the mid and late 1960s, blended musical and melodrama by dormant with the rise of martial art films. Novelty - This study attempts to elaborate some films featuring young people in Mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong, and to review the histories of youth cinema in these Chinese regions. The Chinese youth film outlines how, in Chinese communities, the category of youth historically functions as a significant site of ideological inscription that displays its struggles towards an idealized future. Type of Paper: Review Keywords : Chinese cinema; Film history; Hong Kong; Mainland China; Taiwan; Youth genre
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Bolt, Paul. "Chinese Diaspora Entrepreneurship, Development, and the World Capitalist System". Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 6, nr 2 (wrzesień 1997): 215–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.6.2.215.
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In the summer of 1997, two issues involving diaspora Chinese captured headlines across the United States. The first was the return of Hong Kong to Chinese control after more than a century of British rule; coverage of this issue focused not only on the future of human rights in Hong Kong, but also on the close economic linkages between Hong Kong and China and on the importance of Hong Kong to China’s economic future. The second was the scandal involving alleged illegal contributions of foreign funds to the Democratic and Republican parties in the United States. Senate hearings in the cases of both parties centered on political contributions funneled through wealthy diaspora Chinese entrepreneurs. Republicans tried especially hard to demonstrate that China had orchestrated an attempt to illegally influence the US political system, using diaspora Chinese as intermediaries. To the consternation of a great many Chinese living in the United States, the proceedings raised questions regarding the loyalty of diaspora Chinese and their connections with China, as well as reviving stereotypes of shadowy and mysterious connections among ethnic Chinese.
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Wu, Hang. "The Translocalized McDull Series: National Identity and the Politics of Powerlessness". Animation 12, nr 1 (marzec 2017): 28–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1746847716686550.
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The animated film Me & My Mum was released in mainland China and Hong Kong in 2014 and proved to be a huge box office hit, cashing in on the existing McDull animated films that are hailed as the best animations in Hong Kong. Previous scholarship suggests that the McDull animated film series is a symbol of Hong Kong local culture; it serves as a repository of the changing landscapes of Hong Kong and demonstrates hybrid identities. However, this article argues that the McDull animated film series is more translocal than local, a fact which reveals the dynamics of the Hong Kong–mainland China relationship after Hong Kong’s return to Chinese sovereignty in 1997. The translocalized McDull series demonstrates an obsession with Chineseness which helps to evoke the national identity. By aestheticizing powerlessness as cuteness through anthropomorphic animals, the McDull series used to be highly political; they grappled with the wounds of society in Hong Kong. However, the articulation of a well-rounded McDull in the translocalized film Me & My Mum indicates that it is conforming to the Chinese Communist Party’s ideology of ideal children while the political power of aestheticizing powerlessness is repressed, revealing the dominant power of the Chinese film market.
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Yin, Chan Hok. "The Experiences and Participation of Immigrant Intellectuals in the Cultural Development of Hong Kong". China Report 54, nr 1 (28.12.2017): 48–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445517744407.
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This study examines the experiences of two generations of intellectuals that migrated to Hong Kong in 1919 and 1949. * The earlier generation included the former Qing remnants Lai Jixi (賴際熙) and Chen Botao (陳伯陶), and the latter included Tang Junyi (唐君毅), a prominent advocate of Neo-Confucianism. Although they shared a similar ethnic pride, they developed divergent attitudes about the colony of Hong Kong. The former Qing remnants all harmoniously related with the local Chinese elites and businessmen in Hong Kong and, thus, successfully integrated with the mainstream Chinese community. They maintained their traditional Chinese culture while working together with the colonial government even as the cultural gap between Hong Kong and Mainland China expanded. In 1949, significant political changes caused by the creation of the People’s Republic of China created a second generation of immigrants, including Neo-Confucianist Tang Junyi, who shared similar attitudes about traditional culture with the earlier immigrants. However, they developed totally different ideas about Hong Kong with respect to nationalism and colonialism. Although Tang and other immigrants like him all claimed to be proponents of traditional Chinese culture and to promote orthodox traditions, they also held different ideas about culture. This study investigates how Tang Junyi’s nationalism and critical attitudes towards coloniality developed, while also explaining the limitations of his efforts to re-establish China’s national culture without participating in the local culture. This examination not only facilitates our understanding of how elites and intellectuals in Hong Kong saw Chinese culture through different periods but also helps us reflect on the roles and functions of Hong Kong during the historical and cultural development process.
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Chan, Michael. "Social Identity and the Linguistic Intergroup Bias: Exploring the Role of Ethnic Identification in the Context of Intergroup Relations Between Hong Kong and Mainland China". Journal of Language and Social Psychology 36, nr 4 (1.02.2017): 473–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261927x17695112.
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Two survey experiments examined how linguistic intergroup bias (LIB) varies according to ethnic identification within a homogenous ethnic group (Hong Kong citizens). Study 1 showed that Hong Kong citizens who identified as “Hongkonger” used more abstract expressions to describe prosocial behaviors of the in-group (Hong Kong citizen) and antisocial behaviors of the out-group (Mainland Chinese); those who identified as “Chinese” exhibited less LIB. Study 2 found similar results for a context based on location of behaviour (in Hong Kong vs. in China) rather than the nationality of the protagonist. The combined evidence suggests that LIB can have an important intragroup as well as intergroup dimension.
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Wongso, Patrick, Freddy Handoko Istanto i Maureen Nuradhi. "Perancangan Interior Hongkong Chinese Restaurant di Makassar". KREASI 1, nr 1 (8.10.2015): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.37715/kreasi.v1i1.53.
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Designing Hong Kong-Chinese Restaurant Interior in Makassar Business development in Makassar city is progressing swiftly, especially in property sector, thus leading to better life style. Withthe improving life style, it affects the society demand of better interior design adapted to the current trend. Therefore, interior design consultants play an important role and it is getting difficult to find a great consultant nowadays.With the accelerating growth in property sector as well as the life style of Makassar people, it creates an opportunity for Patrick Wongso Interior Consultant to establish an interior design consulting firm in Makassar. Patrick Wongso Interior Consultant provides interior design consultation service, which provide both professional and practical solution that incorporates the customer’s needs. Hong Kong Chinese Restaurant which takes place in Makassar city, is a restaurant which serves Chinese food, and seafood. Hong Kong Chinese Restaurant is located at Timor street no.69, Makassar. Hong Kong Chinese Restaurant provides facilities, such as family restaurant, VIP room, Bar, and multi-function hallfor reunion, and birthday party. The visitors of Hong Kong Chinese Restaurant are mostly from middle-upclass. This restaurant’s concept is based on the theme of elegantChinese nuance. This concept is appliedto the layout design, ceiling, wall, furniture, and floor in order to unify all the interior elements as well asstrengthening the desired concept.
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Hou, Zhide. "China’s Greater Bay Area Plan and Hong Kong: How Phraseologies Represent Different Voices in the Media". SAGE Open 13, nr 2 (kwiecień 2023): 215824402311782. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440231178258.
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This study applies phraseologies to the comparative examination of China’s Greater Bay Area plan between Chinese and Anglo-American English-language press. Findings show that the Chinese texts are concerned in promoting cross-border Greater Bay Area integrated development allied with positive references to the role of Hong Kong, whereas the Anglo-American texts construct the Greater Bay Area plan as a political project and place emphasis on the negative impact on Hong Kong. Also, while the Chinese texts focus on government support to legitimate the plan, the Anglo-American texts underline political threat to Hong Kong as a form of delegitimation. This study explicated the social-political factors behind each particular way of representation by presenting an approach that could yield insights into the new politicalized Hong Kong.