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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "HIV/AIDS clients-Demographic characteristics"

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Dutt, Rekha, Susmita Chaudhuri i Shweta Goswami. "Profile of HIV positive clients: an ICTC record based retrospective study". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, nr 8 (22.07.2017): 3018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20173364.

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Background: Deaths in productive age group due to HIV/AIDS have damaging impact on families and communities, skills are lost, workforce shrinks & children's are orphaned. Our study reports the socio-demographic characteristics of HIV/ AIDS clients from one of the Integrated Counselling & Testing Centre (ICTC) situated at Amtala, West Bengal. This will give us an insight on the distribution of various epidemiological characteristics of the HIV positive clients in this region thus help in formulating strategies for effective implementation of its prevention. The objective was to study socio-demographic profile and risk behavior pattern of HIV positive clients attending ICTC.Methods: It was an observational study cross sectional in design. Records of last eight years of HIV positive clients were accessed from ICTC centre at Amtala hospital, rural training centre, Department of community medicine, ESI PGIMSR medical college, Joka, Kolkata. Data was entered in SPSS for Windows version 20 software. Data was presented in percentages, mean with standard deviation etc.Results: Retrospective record of 62 HIV positive clients was studied, of them 37 were males (5 pediatric cases) and 25 females (7 ANC).Excluding pediatric clients, mean age of clients was 32 years. It was observed that majority of clients were illiterate and were on daily wages. Except one male client who was homosexual rest were heterosexual. Majority of clients 71.9% males and 92% females were married, of them 45.3% males and 34.7% females were sero concordant with their spouse. Seventeen subjects were co infected with TB.Conclusions: HIV sero prevalence rate has inverse relation with literacy level. Majority of male clients were daily wagers who act as link between high risk populations to general population i.e. their spouse, which in turn can pass on the infection to her baby. Lack of knowledge on mode of spread and preventive measures against HIV infection devastate the families making many children orphaned. There is need to carry out intense IEC activities for behavior change at grass root level.
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Prayoga, Putu Artawan, i Lalu Sulaiman. "Evaluasi efektivitas konseling terhadap tingkat kecemasan klien resiko tinggi HIV/AIDS". Riset Informasi Kesehatan 9, nr 2 (31.12.2020): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.30644/rik.v9i2.459.

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Background: HIV / AIDS has become a global public health problem like Indonesia, with a fairly large percentage of 80% by 2020. The increase in cases is due to the absence of symptoms or special characteristics that mark the physical characteristics of ODHA and the absence of typical health complaints related to HIV. / AIDS. Anxiety is one of the things that will arise for clients in the form of feelings of fear and caution and unclear and unpleasant vigilance. The emergence of discrimination and classification will affect the quality of life and the level of welfare. Therefore, this study is important to determine the level of effectiveness of counseling interventions on clients' anxiety level with HIV / AIDS. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the counseling intervention on the anxiety level of high-risk clients with HIV / AIDS. Method: Pre-experimental method with a one-group pre-test approach was developed in this study. HARS is an instrument and purposive sampling for data processing with a sample size of 21 people. Results: The results showed that the respondents had different characteristics, 70% male respondents, 30% of respondents aged 25-30 years, 50% had a high school education, and most worked as hotel employees. Conclusion: Counseling interventions can reduce clients' anxiety levels with a high risk of HIV / AIDS from 100% to 62%; in other words, counseling interventions affect clients' anxiety levels with a high risk of HIV / AIDS.
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Ranin, J., D. Salemovic, B. Brmbolic, J. Marinkovic, I. Boricic, Pavlovic I. Pesic, S. Zerjav, M. Stanojevic i D. Jevtovic. "Comparison of Demographic, Epidemiological, Immunological, and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with HIV Mono-infection Versus Patients Co-infected with HCV or/and HBV: A Serbian Cohort Study". Current HIV Research 16, nr 3 (16.10.2018): 222–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570162x16666180717115614.

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Objective:The study aimed to correlate the status of hepatitis C (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection with clinical and demographic data prior to starting highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and assess the impact of HCV and HBV co-infection on the natural history of HIV infection.Patients and Methods:The study involved a total of 836 treatment-naive patients with available serological status for HBV and HCV at the point of therapy initiation. Patients were stratified into four groups: HIV mono-infection, HIV/HCV, HIV/HBV, and HIV/HCV/HBV co-infection. Demographic, epidemiological, immunological and clinical characteristics were analyzed in order to assess the possible impact of HCV and HBV co-infection on HIV - related immunodeficiency and progression to AIDS.Results:The prevalence of HCV and HBV co-infection in our cohort was 25.7% and 6.3%, respectively. Triple HIV/HCV/HBV infection was recorded in 1.7% of the patients. In comparison with those co-infected with HCV, patients with HIV mono-infection had lower levels of serum liver enzymes activity and higher CD4 cell counts, and were less likely to have CD4 cell counts below100 cells/µL and clinical AIDS, with OR 0.556 and 0.561, respectively. No difference in the development of advanced immunodeficiency and/or AIDS was recorded between patients with HIV monoinfection and those co-infected with HBV, or both HCV/HBV.Conclusion:HIV/HCV co-infection was found to be more prevalent than HIV/HBV co-infection in a Serbian cohort. Co-infection with HCV was related to more profound immunodeficiency prior to therapy initiation, reflecting a possible unfavorable impact of HCV on the natural history of HIV infection.
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Mozaleva, O. L., i A. V. Samarina. "DEMOGRAPHIC AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HIV-INFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN IN SAINT-PETERSBURG". HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders 11, nr 3 (14.09.2019): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22328/2077-9828-2019-11-3-7-15.

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Analysis of the epidemiological and demographic characteristics of HIV-infected pregnant women is important for organizing effective care for this group of patients and further reducing the frequency of mother-to-child transmission. Between 2014 and 2017 in Saint-Petersburg, there were 2524 deliveries in HIV-infected women who were observed during pregnancy, mainly in the Saint-Petersburg AIDS Center (AIDS Center). The average frequency of perinatal HIV transmission over the study period in the city was 1,3%, which is lower than the average for Russia. Out of 2524 women recently confined, 1858 HIV-infected women, who were observed during pregnancy at the AIDS Center in 2014–2017, were enrolled. Risk groups for perinatal HIV transmission in Saint-Petersburg are HIV-infected pregnant women: external or internal migrants, women with late registration at the dispensary registration for pregnancy in the antenatal clinic and the AIDS Center and, accordingly, late initiation of perinatal HIV transmission, active consumers of surfactants, pregnant women with low adherence to observation in medical institutions and to getting antiretroviral agents. The increase in coverage of the city’s population with HIV testing reveals new infections, including among women of reproductive age, as well as their partners. The timely use of ARV at the planning stage of pregnancy reduces perinatal HIV transmission and the risks of opportunistic diseases. The availability of medical care and free distribution of ARV drugs to all pregnant women who applied to the AIDS Center helps to reduce perinatal HIV transmission, including among internal and external migrants who do not have a permanent registration in Saint-Petersburg. Counseling women at the planning stage and during pregnancy by various specialists of the AIDS Center (gynecologists, infectious disease specialists, psychologists, narcologists) allows one to form a commitment to monitoring, to receiving ARV, giving up bad habits, to reduce the incidence of HIV-dissidence.
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Hu, Zhi, Xia Qin, Min-Zhen Zhu, Sen Yang i Xue-Jun Zhang. "Epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS in west China". International Journal of STD & AIDS 17, nr 5 (1.05.2006): 324–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095646206776790105.

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China is facing a major crisis because of the increasing epidemic of HIV/AIDS, especially in the western areas. The purpose of this paper is to enhance understanding of the crisis by analysing the published literature on the epidemiology, demographic features, routes of infection, and risk factors of HIV/AIDS infection in the 12 provinces in the west of China. HIV/AIDS has increased rapidly in recent years. The situation is urgent and requires comprehensive action. China's health care system is decentralized and under-funded, and access to treatment by the poor is seriously limited. There is a lack of knowledge about HIV/AIDS in the general public and health care workers. The HIV/AIDS epidemic emerged initially in western areas of the country by means of intravenous drug use, but sexual risk behaviour and mother-to-child transmissions in the west of China are becoming important for HIV transmission.
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Linnemayr, Sebastian, Lydia Buzaalirwa, James Balya i Glenn Wagner. "A Microfinance Program Targeting People Living with HIV in Uganda: Client Characteristics and Program Impact". Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC) 16, nr 3 (14.09.2016): 254–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325957416667485.

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HIV has disproportionately affected economically vulnerable populations. HIV medical care, including antiretroviral therapy, successfully restores physical health but can be insufficient to achieve social and economic health. It may therefore be necessary to offer innovative economic support programs such as providing business training and microcredit tailored to people living with HIV/AIDS. However, microfinance institutions have shown reluctance to reach out to HIV-infected individuals, resulting in nongovernment and HIV care organizations providing these services. The authors investigate the baseline characteristics of a sample of medically stable clients in HIV care who are eligible for microcredit loans and evaluate their business and financial needs; the authors also analyze their repayment pattern and how their socioeconomic status changes after receipt of the program. The authors find that there is a significant unmet need for business capital for the sample under investigation, pointing toward the potentially beneficial role of providing microfinance and business training for clients in HIV care. HIV clients participating in the loans show high rates of repayment, and significant increases in (disposable) income, as well as profits and savings. The authors therefore encourage other HIV care providers to consider providing their clients with such loans.
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Panter, A. T., G. J. Huba, Lisa A. Melchior, Donna Anderson, Mary Driscoll, Victor F. German, Harold Henderson i in. "Trainee Characteristics and Perceptions of HIV/AIDS Training Quality". Evaluation & the Health Professions 23, nr 2 (czerwiec 2000): 149–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016327870002300202.

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HIV/AIDS education and training have played a vital role in keeping health providers up to date on emerging developments and approaches. This study reports findings from seven HIV/AIDS education and training projects. Participants in more than 600 training sessions described themselves, their professional background, and their general reasons for taking the training. Immediately following the training, they also rated the quality of their educational experience along several dimensions. Trainee characteristics were related to assessments of training quality, using a regression decision-tree analytic approach. Although effect sizes were generally small, quality ratings of the HIV/AIDS training experiences were associated with certain projects, basic trainee demographic characteristics, professional background, and experience in the HIV field. Greater understanding about participant characteristics can provide clues about how these training experiences are perceived and processed and may inform decision making about instructional HIV/AIDS curricula.
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Liu, Huijun, Min Zhao, Ying Wang, Marcus W. Feldman i Qunying Xiao. "The sexual networks of female sex workers and potential HIV transmission risk: an entertainment venue-based study in Shaanxi, China". International Journal of STD & AIDS 31, nr 5 (19.03.2020): 402–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462419886780.

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People involved in commercial sex are thought to be at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) transmission. To explore the characteristics of female sex workers’ (FSWs) sexual networks and how FSWs and their sex partners could serve as ‘bridges’ in HIV/AIDS transmission, egocentric sexual networks (where a subject is asked to identify his or her sexual contacts and their relationships) of 66 FSWs in Xi'an city, Shaanxi Province of China, were studied. Convenience sampling was used to collect FSWs’ socio-demographic and sexual behavior data, which we analyzed using social network and descriptive statistical methods. Results show that some egocentric sexual networks were connected by sex partners, and these were integrated into several components of a sexual network. According to centrality indicators, FSWs and their commercial sex partners (especially regular clients) served as key nodes within high-risk groups and as bridges between high-risk groups and the general population. The cluster of high-risk groups with cohesive sub-networks had larger network size (P < 0.001), more complex network structures, and more high-risk members (P < 0.05) than other isolated networks. The sexual network of FSWs was characterized by multiple sexual relations (680), unstable relationships (50.15%), and a high rate of inconsistent condom use with non-commercial sex partners (31.22%). By linking commercial and non-commercial sexual networks, the FSWs and their clients can become effective bridges for HIV/AIDS spread from high-risk groups to the general population.
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Aprilla, Gabe Gusmi. "CHARACTERISTICS OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND BEHAVIOR ABOUT HIV/AIDS IN INDONESIA 2017". Jukema (Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Aceh) 7, nr 1 (1.07.2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37598/jukema.v7i1.1062.

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Background: According to the 2017 IDHS, in 2016 an estimated 620.000 thousand people were living with HIV AIDS (PLWHA), around 48.000 people with new HIV sufferers and about 38.000 deaths related to HIV/AIDS. Methods: This study used a review study and descriptive statistical analysis to know the description of the characteristics of Indonesian knowledge, attitudes and behavior about HIV/AIDS. The data source in this study is secondary data from the Demographic and Health Survey 2017. The data used are secondary data that has been analyzed univariately in the form of a percentage then reviewed with some research literature and then summarized into a series of information describing the characteristics of knowledge, attitudes and behavior about AIDS. Result: Percentage of married women and men who had heard about HIV/AIDS, respectively 82.4% (49.627 respondents) and 82.9% (10.009 respondents). As many as 79% of women refuse to have sexual relations with their husbands if they know that their husbands have had sex with other women and 75.1% ask their husbands to use condoms when having sex if they know that their husbands have an STI. As many as 85.1% of women and 85.7% of men have a discriminatory attitude towards people with HIV/AIDS. The behavior of married men who had paid for sexual intercourse 3.7%, who paid for sexual intercourse in the last 12 months was 0.9%. Based on the level of education and wealth of both women and men, the higher the level of education and wealth, the better the knowledge, attitudes and behavior will be. Based on sources of information about HIV/AIDS, both women and men get the most information from television. Recommendation: It is recommended that health workers be able to provide more education on HIV/AIDS with various methods of approach.
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Couto, Maria Clara Pinheiro de Paula, Eva Diniz, Laíssa Eschiletti Prati i Sílvia Helena Koller. "A Case-control Study of Factors Associated with HIV Infection on Southern Brazilian Elders". Acta de Investigación Psicológica 2, nr 3 (1.12.2012): 771–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fpsi.20074719e.2012.3.232.

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A case-control study assessed factors associated with HIV infection among cases (59 persons aged 50 years or older at HIV diagnosis) and controls (59 self-reported uninfected persons aged 50 years and older) from Southern Brazil. Participants answered a 142–item questionnaire that included queries on demographic characteristics, sexual behavior, substance use, and knowledge about HIV/AIDS. The participants' age ranged from 50 to 87 years and 75.4% were women. A multivariate analysis demonstrated that cases had higher odds of being male, having lower incomes, and reporting STDs. The study reinforces that HIV infection among the population aged 50 years and older is related to demographic characteristics and sexual behavior. Once mainly prevalent among younger persons, HIV/AIDS is now manifesting increasingly in older adults. This indicates the need for health care professionals to not overlook important aspects of older persons’ lives. Sexuality, for example, is an important part of the life cycle. It cannot be ignored in this population.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "HIV/AIDS clients-Demographic characteristics"

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Lucey, Adrienne, i res cand@acu edu au. "Characteristics of adults with advanced hiv/aids referred to community nurses". Australian Catholic University. School of Nursing, 2001. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp7.25072005.

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Community nurses have a critical role in caring for people and families affected by HIV/AIDS in the home setting. Despite this, there is a dearth of Australian literature describing the health needs of these clients who are referred to them. This study identified the demographic, clinical and psychoemotional aspects of adult clients with HIV/AIDS in Sydney, Australia, who were referred to community nurses and died between 1993 and 1995. Retrospective data from the records of 73 clients identified on 171 Community Nursing Referral Forms completed within the study period from an inpatient HIV/AIDS Unit was analysed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. The sample was demographically similar to the general population of people with HIV/AIDS during the study period. The most commonly identified clinical aspects of clients included oral candida, mycobacterium avium complex, anaemia, drug intolerance, cytomegalovirus, pain, fever, diarrhoea, weight loss and cough. The most commonly identified psychoemotional variables were depressed mood, anxiety, grief and nonadherence to suggested interventions, with the most common emergent theme being the physical effects of HIV/AIDS illness. Emotional support, symptom monitoring and home assessments were the most common requests made of community nurses. The study sample represented 14% of people who died following AIDS in New South Wales during this known peak period of AIDS diagnoses and deaths following AIDS. As a result of this study, documentation exists describing the characteristics of clients with advanced HIV/AIDS referred to community nurses. Current and future clients with advanced HIV/AIDS referred to community nurses may experience a similar clinical picture to that identified in this study. The findings can be used to reveal relationships amongst the key variables; lay the foundation for further comparative, theory or hypothesis driven studies; and demonstrate how this influences the community nursing role, strategies, interventions and outcomes.
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Mutwali, Reem. "Socio-demographic characteristics and HIV testing in Omdurman National Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) in Sudan by Reem Mutwali". Thesis, UWC, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2874.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc
The identification of the association between socio-demographic characteristics and HIV was found to be a useful tool in determining the important risk factors in Sudan. In this study, the relationship(s) between HIV test results and the demographic characteristics such as gender, age, residence area, employment, education, marital status and religion in Omdurman, Sudan were investigated. The data were collected from patients visiting Omdurman National Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) Centre from April 2005 to April 2006. The study sample was represented by 320 patients. Tables were used in the data analysis to present the distribution of the participants by the result of HIV test and demographic factors; odds ratios were also obtained from these tables. The Chi-square test was used to test the association between each socio-demographic factor and the result of HIV test; the Pvalue obtained from this test was measured at a significance level of 0.05. Finally, the joint effect of all demographic factors on HIV test results was tested using logistic regression. A significant association between socio-demographic characteristics and HIV test results was observed. It showed a higher incidence rate in females, middle-aged, married, employed and Christian individuals. HIV was also found to be higher in urban areas than in rural areas. The lower incident rate was observed among educated individuals.
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Kingbo, Marie Huguette Kayi Akpedje. "Association Of Socio Demographic Characteristics With Condom Used At Last Sexual Intercourse Among Adults 15 To 49 Years Between Côte D’Ivoire And Senegal An Examination Of Measure Demographic Health Survey Data 2005". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2013. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/275.

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Background: HIV/AIDS is one of the world’s most serious health challenges. Sub-Saharan Africa remains the region most heavily affected by HIV, with 69% of the people living with HIV in the world. Côte d'Ivoire has a high HIV prevalence rate and Senegal a low prevalence rate. The main research question is whether or not the HIV risk behavior of Ivorian differs from the HIV risk behavior of Senegalese in terms of selected categorical and continuous variables. In other words, if using condoms at last sexual intercourse differs between Côte d’Ivoire and Senegal. Methods: Cross-sectional data from the Measure Demographic and Health Survey (MDHS) involving 9,686 Ivorian and 18,363 Senegalese from 2005 were used. The Pearson Chi-square test were performed to determine any significant relationship between the variables across the two countries with respect to socio-demographic and HIV risky behaviors status. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to test the significance of any association between the independent and the dependent variables (Condoms used at last sexual intercourse). Throughout all the analysis performed, a p-value of 0.05 and confidence interval of 95% were used to determine any statistical significance. Results: Logistic regression models showed that Côte d’Ivoire respondents had decrease odds of using condoms during their last sexual intercourse (OR=0.7; 95% CI 0.62 - 0.79) as compared to Senegal and the difference was statistically significant at p < 0.05. In Côte d’Ivoire and Senegal, wealth and education have been consistently found to be positively associated with condoms used at last sexual intercourse. Conclusion: HIV risk behaviors seem to be associated with condoms used and marital status. The results in our study suggest a possible relation with condoms used, HIV prevalence and polygamy in Senegal, so men use condoms less frequently with marital partners. More studies need to assess the role of polygamy in the transmission and/or acquisition of HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa. Key words: HIV/AIDS, Risky behaviors, Condoms used, Côte d’Ivoire, Senegal
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Xulu, Thembisile Lynette. "The Socio-demographic characteristics of employees who had HIV testing in 2005 within selected companies on the Direct AIDS Intervention Programme". Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/6926.

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Background and Objectives: South African businesses are feeling the brunt of HIV & AIDS and experiencing losses in productivity and profitability due to high levels employee absenteeism, sick leave and disability as well as the added costs of recruiting and retraining. These losses have had a negative impact on the national economy and in response some employers have agreed to recognize that HIV is a business issue and introduced HIV workplace programmes. It is not really known whether the employees that are most at risk are actually testing through these employer funded programmes in order for them as well as the employer to gain maximum benefit. There is a need to identify barriers to HIV testing so that workplace programmes can design better targeting strategies. Methods: This study was a retrospective review and analysis of the 2005 records of tested and untested employees in 8 companies registered on the Direct AIDS Intervention (DAI) Programme. Results: Overall there was very poor utilization of Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) services with an average uptake of 13%. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that race, sex, period of employment and sector were significantly associated with HIV testing while there was no association with age and marital status. In general, Blacks were more likely to be tested for HIV (OR(95%CI)1.47(1.24 – 1.74);p<0.0001) and so were Coloureds (OR(95%CI) 1.79;(1.48 – 2.18); p<0.0001) and Indians(OR(95%CI)1.35(1.04 – 1.76);p=0.03) when compared to Whites. Males were less likely to have an HIV test (OR 0.69;p<0.0001) compared to female employees. Those who had been employed for more than one year were more likely to test (OR(95%CI); 1.83(1.37 – 2.43);p<0.0001) than newer employees. Employees who worked within a manufacturing company were more likely to have an HIV test (OR(95%CI) 2.39(1.96 – 2.92);p<0.0001) and so were those employed by a health/research companies (OR(95%CI) 2.83(2.11 – 3.81);p<0.0001) compared to those that were employed by a services sector company. Conclusions: The low uptake of VCT in this study is attributed to stigma which if not addressed will to continue to have a negative impact on the success of workplace programmes. Employers need to develop specific education activities in order to protect employees from discrimination and thus build confidence in the independence of the programmes thereby encouraging utilization.
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Okoli, Emmanuel Ikechukwu. "Incidence of tuberculosis amongst HIV positive clients who received isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT)". Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19152.

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The research objectives were to describe the age and gender of adult HIV positive clients on ART who received IPT; the incidence of tuberculosis among clients that received IPT and the defaulter rate among those that were commenced on IPT. Quantitative non-experimental descriptive retrospective cohort study was undertaken to ascertain the incidence of tuberculosis among adult HIV positive clients who received IPT. 104 clinic records of HIV positive adult clients accessing care at Isithebe Clinic, iLembe-South Africa who were commenced on IPT between 01 July 2010 and 30 November 2011 were analysed. The study found that 66 of 104 (63.5%) study respondents completed the course of IPT and the majority of those that defaulted were due to poor quality of care. Gender was statistically found to have played a role on whether a patient completes IPT. None of the study respondents that completed IPT was diagnosed with TB disease.
Health Studies
M.A. (Public Health)
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