Artykuły w czasopismach: „History.650”

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Ruggles, M. B., i E. Krempl. "Rate Sensitivity and Short-Term Relaxation Behavior of AISI Type 304 Stainless Steel at Room Temperature and at 650°C; Influence of Prior Aging". Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 113, nr 3 (1.08.1991): 385–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2928771.

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The strain rate sensitivity and short-term relaxation behavior of Type 304 stainless steel were investigated in the uniaxial strain rate jump tests with intermittent periods of relaxation at room temperature and at 650°C. At room temperature material exhibited conventional strain rate sensitivity and no strain rate history effect. The high-temperature experimental results revealed a complex and dramatically different material behavior. At 650°C the pattern of strain rate sensitivity was not set as soon as the plastic flow was fully established, but continued to evolve with the further straining in the plastic range. Test results indicate that at 650°C the material may exhibit a strain rate history effect. Both at room temperature and at 650° C the relaxation behavior was independent of the stress and/or strain level at the beginning of the relaxation, but depended nonlinearly on the strain rate preceding the relaxation test. Prior aging had no significant influence on the rate-dependent material response. The irregular material behavior at 650° C is attributed to dynamic strain aging as indicated by serrated stress-strain curves (the Portevin-LeChatelier effect).

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Mohanty, B. B. "Book Review: Manish Thakur (ed.), Indian Village: A Conceptual History". Sociological Bulletin 66, nr 2 (18.07.2017): 245–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038022917708507.

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Nelson, Thomas. "NEW CONTRIBUTIONS TO EARLY-MODERN AND MODERN JAPANESE HISTORY". International Journal of Asian Studies 2, nr 2 (30.06.2005): 329–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479591405000161.

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James L. McClain, A Modern History of Japan. NY and London: W.W. Norton and Co., 2002. Pp. 650. L. M. Cullen, A History of Japan, 1542–1941. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Pp. 376. Andrew Gordon, A Modern History of Japan from Tokugawa Times to the Present. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003. Pp. 400.

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Ueta, Toshiya. "SpitzerMIPS Imaging of NGC 650: Probing the History of Mass Loss on the Asymptotic Giant Branch". Astrophysical Journal 650, nr 1 (10.10.2006): 228–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/507092.

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Sibbett, T. "History of Insurance. Edited By David Jenkins and Takau Yoneyama (Pickering & Chatto, London, 2000) £650". British Actuarial Journal 6, nr 4 (1.12.2000): 875–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357321700002038.

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Eguchi, Takashi, Ryoichi Kondo, Satoshi Kawakami, Mina Matsushita, Tetsu Takeda, Takao Sakaizawa, Yoshiaki Tominaga i in. "Pulmonary pure ground-glass opacity lesions: Use of computed tomography attenuation for predicting tumor progression." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, nr 15_suppl (20.05.2013): 7548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.7548.

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7548 Background: Cases with pure ground-glass opacity (GGO) are increasing with the use of computed tomography (CT). In some cases, pure GGO on follow-up CT may represent tumor enlargement or the presence of solid components. We evaluated the natural progression of pure GGO lesions during a long-term follow-up period of more than 2 years. Methods: We retrospectively investigated 95 patients with pure GGO lesions detected between February 2003 and December 2010, in whom these lesions were monitored using CT for more than 2 years. Results: The median follow-up period was 64.7 months (range, 24–114 months). During the follow-up period, areas showing GGO increased in size or appeared to have solid components in 49 patients (group 1) and showed no change in 46 patients (group 2). We compared patient characteristics and tumor properties between the 2 groups. Mean CT attenuation values of the tumors differed significantly between groups 1 (-639.9 ± 88.9 HU) and 2 (-709.2 ± 60.9 HU). In contrast, no significant differences were noted with regard to age, gender, smoking history, lung cancer history, tumor size, and total numbers of GGO lesions between the 2 groups. The difference in the time to tumor growth according to the initial mean CT attenuation value was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. The growth incidence at 114 months for lesions with a mean CT attenuation value of -650 HU or more (n = 35) and less than -650 HU (n = 60) were estimated to be 96% and 48%, respectively. The difference between the 2 Kaplan–Meier curves was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). The usefulness of the mean CT attenuation value in predicting the growth of GGO lesions was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis. The sensitivity and specificity was 63% and 87%, respectively, for a mean CT attenuation cutoff value of -650 HU. The area under the curve was 0.76. Conclusions: Many pure GGO lesions have potential for growth as seen during long-term follow-up. CT attenuation is useful in predicting the growth of GGO lesions.

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STEPANOV, VITALY ALEKSEEVICH. "«PIONEER» GOLD ORE DEPOSIT: HISTORY OF DISCOVERY, GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND ORE COMPOSITION". Messenger AmSU, nr 91 (2020): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/jasu.10.

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Brief information about the history of the discovery of the large Pioner gold deposit in the Amur province is given. The main features of the geological structure of the deposit, located at the contact of the multiphase granitoid intrusion of the Early Cretaceous age and terrigenous rocks of the Middle-Late Jurassic, are shown. Ore bodies are linear stockworks of silicified and carbonated rocks with gold sulfide mineralization. Gold is both free in the form of large, small and micron-sized particles, and in bound form in pyrite. In common ores, its fineness ranges from 650 to 880 units, in rich ores it rises to 870 - 915‰.

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Rodgers, James D., i Marc A. Weinstein. "An Updated History of the National Association of Forensic Economics: 2002–2014". Journal of Forensic Economics 25, nr 2 (1.12.2014): 175–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.5085/0898-5510-25.2.175.

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Abstract The National Association of Forensic Economics (NAFE) has approximately 650 members across the United States and in other countries. While the association has been an active group at the annual meetings of the Allied Social Science Association (ASSA) and at other regional meetings of economists, the growth of NAFE in terms of longevity and finances has allowed the organization to develop a more professional presence for its academic and practitioner members. This paper will update the original history of NAFE authored by Michael L. Brookshire in the Litigation Economics Review in 2003 which covered the period from NAFE's inception in 1986 through 2001.

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Hammond, Norman, Amanda Clarke i Sara Donaghey. "The Long Goodbye: Middle Preclassic Maya Archaeology at Cuello, Belize". Latin American Antiquity 6, nr 2 (czerwiec 1995): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/972147.

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Completed excavations at this important Preclassic Maya site have produced 350 m2 of Middle Preclassic (1200-400 B. C.) deposits dug to bedrock; a continuous section 47 m long through the Preclassic deposits documents the architectural history of the site. Nine more Middle Preclassic burials, the remains of earth- and plaster-floored houses with associated yard surfaces, and a chultun chamber containing well-preserved plant remains document economic and ritual behavior in the Swasey and Bladen phases (1200-650 B. C.).

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Zięba, Andrzej A. "Konferencja „Ormianie polscy. Siedem wieków istnienia” Warszawa, 19 września 2017 roku". Lehahayer 5 (15.05.2019): 267–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/lh.05.2018.05.11.

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Conference „Armenians in Poland. Seven Centuries of History”Senator Jan Żaryn, the Culture and Media Committee of the Senate, the Polish Academy of Art and Sciences in Kraków, with the help of the Armenian Culture Association and the Foundation of Culture and Heritage of Polish Armenians, organised an international conference „Armenians in Poland. Seven Centuries of History” on 19th September 2017. The conference was to celebrate the 650 anniversary of issuing the privilege for Grigor, an Armenian bishop of Lwów, by King Casimir the Great on 20 January 1367. The bishop was consecrated and sent to the Kingdom of Poland by M esrob Artazetsi, the catholicos of Sis in Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia.

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Zia Ahmadi, Ahmad, Vahid Ghavami i Hamidreza Shabanikiya. "Nurses’ Preparedness for Disasters in a Crisis-Stricken Country: A Case Study in Afghanistan, in 2020". Health in Emergencies & Disasters Quarterly 7, nr 1 (1.10.2021): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/hdq.7.1.259.4.

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Background: Nurses play an essential role in the hospital’s response to accidents and disasters. Assessing nurses’ preparedness is the starting point to improve and increase their preparedness for disasters. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the preparedness of nurses of a 650-bed district hospital in Herat, Afghanistan in the face of disasters in 2020. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, and the study subjects included all nurses working in a 650-bed district hospital in Herat Province. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire to determine the level of preparedness of nurses against accidents and disasters, which was localized. This questionnaire included three areas of knowledge, attitude, and performance. The maximum score in each of the domains was 100. To analyze the data, descriptive indicators, such as mean, median, standard deviation, and quartiles, and analytical methods such as independent t-test, 1-way analysis of variance, the Mann-Whitney and Friedman nonparametric tests, and the Spearman correlation coefficient-test were used. Results: The Mean±SD scores obtained by the participants in each of the areas of knowledge, attitude, and performance (behavior) were 30±12, 81±12, and 40±7, respectively. The study’s findings showed a statistically significant relationship between knowledge score and the duration of disaster education and management history. Also, a statistically significant association was observed between performance and variables of age, gender, marital status, education level, work experience, management history, duration of training received on disasters, and history of previous disaster exposure. Conclusion: Considering that the preparedness of nurses participating in this study was lower than average in two of the three areas, the level of preparedness of nurses for disasters is low and undesirable and requires measures, such as holding regular theoretical and practical training courses to increase it.

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Ruggles, M. B., i E. Krempl. "The Influence of Test Temperature on the Ratchetting Behavior of Type 304 Stainless Steel". Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 111, nr 4 (1.10.1989): 378–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3226483.

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The zero-to-tension ratchetting behavior was investigated under uniaxial loading at room temperature and at 550, 600, and 650°C. In History I the maximum stress level of ratchetting was equal to the stress reached in a tensile test at one percent strain. For History II the maximum stress level was established as the stress reached after a 2100 s relaxation at one percent strain. Significant ratchetting was observed for History I at room temperature but not at the elevated temperatures. The accumulated ratchet strain increases with decreasing stress rate. Independent of the stress rates used insignificant ratchet strain was observed at room temperature for History II. This observation is explained in the context of the viscoplasticity theory based on overstress by the exhaustion of the viscous contribution to the stress during relaxation. The viscous part of the stress is the driving force for the ratchetting in History I. Strain aging is presumably responsible for the lack of short-time inelastic deformation resulting in a nearly rate-independent behavior at the elevated temperatures.

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Stockett, Miranda. "SITES OF MEMORY IN THE MAKING: POLITICAL STRATEGIZING IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND DECONSTRUCTION OF PLACE IN LATE TO TERMINAL CLASSIC SOUTHEASTERN MESOAMERICA". Ancient Mesoamerica 21, nr 2 (2010): 315–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536110000295.

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AbstractArchaeological spaces can be viewed as material manifestations of human drama—sites for the production, expression, and manipulation of social life, power, and history. By viewing such spaces as stages for the enactment of processes of social memory, we may further enrich considerations of the interplay of materiality and history. Here I address the insights archaeologists may gain from engaging with theories of social memory by exploring their application to the analysis of settlements occupied during the Late to Terminal Classic period transition (a.d. 650–900) in pre-Columbian southeastern Mesoamerica. I also consider their relevance to community initiatives engaged by archaeologists today. Ultimately, I argue that processes of making, altering, and remaking place are one among many ways that memory may have served as a tool for political strategies and discourses about power.

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Dieker, Lisa A., Malcolm B. Butler, Enrique Ortiz i Su Gao. "Reflecting upon 30 Years of STEM Partnerships between Industry, University, and Public Schools: Past Lessons, Current Successes, and Future Dreams". Education Sciences 11, nr 12 (24.11.2021): 760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci11120760.

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The importance of partnerships is critical in educational arenas, but information on how partnerships form with the involvement of corporations, districts, and universities working in harmony is limited in the current literature. The teacher preparation program described in this paper is a “built-to-last” partnership model with over 650 teachers prepared to be teacher-leaders in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. The authors provide a history of the program’s development, the sustainability of the program over time, the content of the various components of the partnership, and the evolution of the program, including its current status.

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Pickles, Thomas. "Britons and Anglo-Saxons: Lincolnshire AD 400-650. By Thomas Green. Studies in the History of Lincolnshire 3. History of Lincolnshire Committee. 2012. xvi + 320pp. £29.95." History 99, nr 334 (styczeń 2014): 123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-229x.12049_2.

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Shatzmiller, Maya. "Recent trends in Middle East economic history: Cultural factors and structural change in the medieval period 650–1500 (Part one)". History Compass 16, nr 12 (11.11.2018): e12504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hic3.12504.

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Shatzmiller, Maya. "Recent trends in Middle East economic history: Cultural factors and structural change in the medieval period 650–1500 (Part two)". History Compass 16, nr 12 (11.11.2018): e12511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hic3.12511.

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Heinze, Peter-Matthias, i Gerold Wefer. "The history of coastal upwelling off Peru (11°S, ODP Leg 112, Site 680B) over the past 650 000 years". Geological Society, London, Special Publications 64, nr 1 (1992): 451–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1992.064.01.30.

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Pacuła, Krzysztof. "Report from the conference ”Application of the Succession Regulation in the EU Member States”, Katowice 12 September 2019". Problemy Prawa Prywatnego Międzynarodowego 26 (29.06.2020): 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/pppm.2020.26.15.

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On 12 September 2019, the premises of the Faculty of Law and Administration of the University of Silesia in Katowice (Poland) witnessed one of such events, which will arguably go down in history of private international law in Poland. On that day, the University hosted an international conference on the Regulation (EU) No 650/2012 of 4 July 2012 on jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of decisions and acceptance and enforcement of authentic instruments in matters of succession and on the creation of a European Certificate of Succession (“the Succession Regulation”), and on the various issues relating to the succession matters within the European area of freedom, security and justice.

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Tomczyk, Jacek. "Preliminary report on human remains from Tell Masaikh and Tell Ashara. Season 2009*". Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 11, nr 1 (31.03.2013): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/seb.2013.11.1.07.

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The middle Euphrates valley (Syria) is a very interesting and important region for the history of Mesopotamia. The excavations are currently carried out at Tell Ashara and Tell Masaikh. The first site is primarily the remains of a Bronze Age (2700–1500 BC). At Tell Masaikh were discovered the remains of a settlement from the Chalcolithic (4500 BC), and the Middle Bronze Age, as well as a huge governor’s palace from the times of the Assyrian empire’s days of glory (800–650 BC). The paper is a summary of anthropological research conducted in 2009. We have been excavated 80 human skeletons (50 individuals from Tell Masikh, and 30 from Tell Ashara).

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Ekramzadeh, Sahra, Ali Javadpour, Brian Draper, Arash Mani, Adrienne Withall i Ali Sahraian. "Prevalence and correlates of suicidal thought and self-destructive behavior among an elderly hospital population in Iran". International Psychogeriatrics 24, nr 9 (14.03.2012): 1402–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610212000245.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Few studies have examined suicidal ideation and behavior in hospitalized physically ill elderly patients, a group potentially at high risk. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for suicide ideation, and direct and indirect self-destructive behaviors among a sample of elderly inpatients.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2009; 650 inpatients aged 60 years and over were screened from various medical services in teaching hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Iran. Suicidal ideation and behavior were measured with the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI) and the Harmful Behavior Scale (HBS). Depression was measured with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), medical burden with the geriatric version of the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS-G), life events with the Paykel Life Event Scale, and social support with the Perceived Social Support Scale.Result: Of the 650 patients screened with a mean age of 70.5 years (SD ± 7.5), 570 met inclusion criteria and of these 123 (21.6%) reported suicidal ideation on the BSSI and 80 (14.4%) had at least one self-destructive behavior included in the HBS. There was a significant correlation between suicide ideation and harmful behaviors (r = 0.503, p = 0.001). In a regression analysis, depressive symptoms, increased burden of medical conditions, marital status, history of substance use, history of traumatic life events, lack of perceived social support, and poor education were associated with both suicide ideation and harmful behavior. From demographic variables, living without a spouse and unemployment were predictors of suicidal ideation and behavior.Conclusion: Hospitalized, physically ill elderly patients have high rates of suicidal ideation and self-destructive behavior and these vary according to psychosocial and clinical factors. The general hospital is therefore a potential site for the recognition of suicidal individuals and implementation of proximal suicide prevention strategies.

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Mykrä, Sakari, Timo Vuorisalo i Mari Pohja-Mykrä. "A history of organized persecution and conservation of wildlife: species categorizations in Finnish legislation from medieval times to 1923". Oryx 39, nr 3 (3.06.2005): 275–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605305000797.

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Attitudes towards wild animals are reflected through history in various categorizations of species. For example, changes in the useful-harmful dichotomy of species have affected policy decisions during the long history of organized pest persecution as well as during the much more recent rise of nature conservation. The first hunting legislation in Finland dates back more than 650 years, to times when the country belonged to the Kingdom of Sweden. From those times to the early 20th century various acts of law exhibited a marked variation in placing species into useful and harmful categories. The dichotomy seems to be based upon fundamental ecological interactions between humans and other species. We show that the varying interest in pest persecution as well as important conservation milestones have been associated with contemporary human-animal relations such as the attitudes of decision makers and laymen towards wild animals, and the public awareness of species conservation issues.

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Zahrnt, Michael. "Robin J. Lane Fox (Ed.), Brill’s Companion to Ancient Macedon. Studies in the Archaeology and History of Macedon, 650 BC–300 AD. Leiden/Boston, Brill 2011 Lane Fox Robin J. Brill’s Companion to Ancient Macedon. Studies in the Archaeology and History of Macedon, 650 BC–300 AD. 2011 Brill Leiden/Boston € 184,–". Historische Zeitschrift 296, nr 2 (kwiecień 2013): 464. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/hzhz.2013.0121.

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Bondioli, Lorenzo M. "Islam, Merchants, and Capitalism: Fifty-Five Years in the Socioeconomic History of the Medieval Islamic World". Capitalism: A Journal of History and Economics 4, nr 2 (czerwiec 2023): 258–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cap.2023.a917619.

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Abstract: “Islam, Merchants, and Capitalism” draws attention to the missing link between early and central medieval Islamic socioeconomic history (ca. 650–1250) and the history of capitalism. This intertext essay starts from reassessing the work of French Marxist Islamicist Maxime Rodinson, who first made a programmatic attempt to forge such a link in his seminal 1966 Islam and Capitalism . It then proceeds to lay bare the reasons why Rodinson’s call went largely unheard in the following decades, identifying the persistence of a pervasive decline paradigm within medieval Islamic socioeconomic history as the key obstacle preventing advances in the field and foreclosing avenues for theoretical discussion. Regrettably this paradigm, while outdated and no longer tenable, still remains authoritative and is frequently invoked by modern theorists of “underdevelopment.” The essay then discusses some examples of recent groundbreaking scholarship that deploy new archaeological and documentary sources to decidedly move away from decline, showing the way forward out of this historiographical impasse. Finally, the essay returns to the question of capitalism, and of the forms in which this ambiguous term can, or cannot, be applied to early and central medieval Islamic societies, calling for a recentering of the Islamic Middle Ages in a longue-durée global history of capitalism.

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Fiaich, Tomás Ó. "Irish Monks in Germany in the Late Middle Ages". Studies in Church History 25 (1989): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400008603.

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Everyone has some acquaintance with the Irish missionaries and scholars who from the sixth until the ninth century abandoned their homeland to go on a peregrinata pro Christi nomine and left a lasting imprint on the history of many countries in Western Europe. They included St Columba of Iona, Apostle of Scotland († 597), St Aidan of Lindisfarne, Aposde of Northern England († 651), St Columbanus of Luxeuil and Bobbio († 615), St Gall, after whom Sankt Gallen in Switzerland is named († c. 630), St Fursey († 650) and St Fiachra († 670) of northeast France, St Feuillen († 652) of Belgium, St Kilian and his companions of Würzburg († 689), St Fergal or Virgilius of Salzburg († 784), whose twelfth centenary was celebrated four years ago, and several others.

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Jeffers, Alison, i Chris Gilligan. "Amelia Jones and Adrian Heathfield, ed. Perform, Repeat, Record: Live Art in History. Bristol: Intellect, 2012, 650 p. £50.00. doi:10.1017/S0266464X13000778". New Theatre Quarterly 29, nr 4 (listopad 2013): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x13000778.

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Sen, Indrani. "Kumkum Sangari, Politics of the Possible: Essays on Gender, History, Narrative, Colonial English. New Delhi: Tulika. 1999. 503 pages. Rs. 650 (hb)". Indian Journal of Gender Studies 10, nr 2 (czerwiec 2003): 350–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097152150301000211.

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Buonincontri, Mauro Paolo, Pierluigi Pieruccini, Davide Susini, Carmine Lubritto, Paola Ricci, Fabian Rey, Willy Tinner i in. "Shaping Mediterranean landscapes: The cultural impact of anthropogenic fires in Tyrrhenian southern Tuscany during the Iron and Middle Ages (800–450 BC / AD 650–1300)". Holocene 30, nr 10 (29.06.2020): 1420–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683620932978.

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Charcoal analysis, applied in sediment facies analysis of the Pecora river palaeochannel (Tyrrhenian southern Tuscany, Italy), detected the occurrence of past fire events in two different fluvial landforms at 800–450 BC and again at AD 650–1300. Taking place in a central Mediterranean district adequately studied through palaeoenvironmental and archaeological research, the investigation determined land changes, time phases and socio-economic driving forces involved in dynamic processes of fire. The fire sequences had purely anthropogenic origins and were linked to forest opening and reduction by local communities. Introduced by the Etruscans, fires dated to 800–450 BC involved mainly the forest cover on the hilly slopes, ensuring agricultural exploitation. From AD 650, fires contributed to Medieval upstream reclamation and vegetation clearing of flat swamplands. From AD 850 to 1050, the use of fire spread over a wider area in the river valley, increasing arable lands. Between AD 1150 and 1300, fires belonged to a regional forest clearance phase. Medieval fire episodes had a paramount importance in shaping and determining the character of the Tuscan Mediterranean landscape. From AD 850, Medieval fire clearing influenced regional vegetation history contributing to the decline of the dominant deciduous Quercus woodland. Open habitats became the new form of a clearly detectable agricultural landscape from AD 950. The use of fire clearing and the resulting landscape changes in the Pecora river valley depended on the political strategies adopted by Medieval authorities and marked, in fact, the progression of a cultural landscape still characterizing central Tyrrhenian Italy.

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Maddicott, J. R. "London and Droitwich, c. 650–750: trade, industry and the rise of Mercia". Anglo-Saxon England 34 (grudzień 2005): 7–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263675105000025.

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This article argues that the power of the early Mercian kings from Wulfhere to Aethelbald, c.650-750, rested partly on their ability to exploit the growing economy which characterised this period; and that such exploitation provides a hitherto unacknowledged reason for the rise of Mercia to supremacy. The argument rests on the Mercian rulers' control of two particular places, London and Droitwich, the first the country's foremost port, the second a major industrial site concerned with the production of salt. After the growth of Mercian authority over both places has been traced, it is suggested that taxation of their activities may have resulted in substantial profits, via tolls in both centres and, in Droitwich, via a further levy on the manufacture of salt. The history of taxation on salt is traced back from the early modern period in order to see what light later practices shed upon those of the early middle ages. The article concludes by suggesting that the Mercian rulers were fortunate in exercising power at a time when economic growth, partly church-led, was open to royal exploitation and that those rulers had a conscious appreciation of the advantages so to be gained.

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Masriadi, Masriadi, Nur Ulmy Mahmud, Nazli Javid, Muhammad Sarwin, Lukman, Sitti Hutami Megantari i Ayu Angraeni Suprianti. "DETERMINANTS OF TRANSMISSION COVID-19 IN SOUTH SULAWESI". Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi 10, nr 3 (26.09.2022): 237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jbe.v10i32022.237-245.

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Background: Corona Virus (COVID-19) is a new respiratory viral infectious disease that can cause illnesses ranging from the common cold to severe acute respiratory syndrome. Subsequently, as of May 31, 2022, the government of South Sulawesi reported 143,276 confirmed cases, 2,463 deaths, and 140,395 recovered patients. Purpose: To analyze the impact of behavior, travel history, and comorbidities on the incidence of COVID-19 in South Sulawesi. Methods: This is observational research with a cross-sectional study design and was conducted from January–April 2022 in 7 districts of South Sulawesi Province. A population of 650 respondents with a total sample of 161 patients confirmed positive and 189 suspected of having COVID-19. The Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results: There was a relationship between travel history (p0.00; OR 2.19), knowledge (p0.03; OR 1.74), and actions (p0.00; OR 0.18) on the incidence of COVID-19. Additionally, no relationship was reported between comorbidities (p0.85), attitudes (p0.90), and level of knowledge (p0.08>(0.05) on the incidence of COVID-19. The most influential variable in the rapid spread was travel history, with an exp(B) value of 2.19 CI (95%) (LL=1.26; UL=3.80). Conclusion: The results showed that travel history, knowledge, and actions made a major contribution to the spread of COVID-19 in South Sulawesi Province.

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Boshek, Margaret, Jack Cox i Dale Brockamp. "PRESERVING THE LAST OF ILLINOIS’ SHORELINE: ECOLOGICALLY-DRIVEN SHORELINE STABILIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR INLAND LAKES". Coastal Engineering Proceedings, nr 37 (2.10.2023): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v37.management.151.

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Illinois Beach State Park (IBSP) represents the last contiguous 6.5 mile pristine shoreline within the State of Illinois. Geologically speaking, the park sits atop a migratory beach-ridge characterized by sand ridges separated by low wetland swales which are home to over 650 species, some of which are rare and threatened. The land itself provides a visual history of the layering of the primary frontal dune marching lakeward as the beach-ridge migrated south. Human development, however, has stabilized the beach ridge to the north, cutting off sand supply to the park. The very coastal process that created this landform will eventually lead to its ruin. Approaching this problem, a number of hydrodynamic and sediment morphology numerical models were used to determine the areas of highest erosion rate within the park.

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Tracqui, A., A. Miras, A. Tabib, J. S. Raul, B. Ludes i D. Malicier. "Fatal overdosage with sildenafil citrate (Viagra1): first report and review of the literature". Human & Experimental Toxicology 21, nr 11 (listopad 2002): 623–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0960327102ht302oa.

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A fatal case of sildenafil citrate (Viagra1) overdosage is presented. The deceased was a 56-year old male found dead at home, with a past history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic alcoholism, anxio-depressive disorders, and erectile dysfunction. The main autopsy findings were cardiomegaly (650 g) with dilated cardiomyopathy, diffuse coronary atherosclerosis with no sign of acute ischaemic disease, and extensive fibrosis of the myocardium, especially affecting the cardiac conducting tissue. As measured by HPLC/MS, sildenafil concentration in postmortem blood (6.27 mg/mL) exceeded at least four times the highest therapeutic levels previously reported. The results are discussed in the light of the literature about the cardiovascular side effects of sildenafil, with special emphasis on the recently evidenced arrhythmogenic potential of the drug. This is the first report of a fatality caused by sildenafil overdosage.

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Quiroga, Sigmer Y., D. Marcela Bolaños i Marian K. Litvaitis. "Two new species of flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from the continental slope of the Gulf of Mexico". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88, nr 7 (8.08.2008): 1363–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315408002105.

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Two new species of polyclads are described from the continental slope of the Gulf of Mexico. Specimens ofDidangia carneyisp. nov. andOligocladus bathymodiensissp. nov. were collected from the Louisiana slope at 610 m and 650 m, respectively.Didangia carneyisp. nov. was collected from a natural wood fall, and is characterized by the presence of tentacular and cerebral eyes, an interpolated prostatic vesicle provided with two muscular accessory prostatic vesicles, and large glandular cells that surround the male atrium.Oligocladus bathymodiensissp. nov. has a mouth anterior to the brain, a few cerebral and pseudotentacular eyes, four pairs of intestinal branches, and a ventral anal pore. Specimens of this species were collected on the margin of a hypersaline cold seep in association with mussels ofBathymodiolus childressi. All type material is deposited at the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

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HAKIMI, M., SS MAHESSAR, Q. ULLAH, ET BHATTY, A. ILYAS, S. SHAHID i F. ASIM. "EVALUATION OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PATTERNS IN PRIMARY HEALTHCARE SETTINGS". Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal 2024, nr 1 (20.06.2024): 902. http://dx.doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.902.

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Antibiotic resistance has emerged as one of the most significant public health challenges of the 21st century, posing serious threats to the effectiveness of treatments for infectious diseases. Objective: The main objective of this study is to identify antibiotic resistance patterns in primary healthcare settings. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Sehat Hospital Hyderabad from June 2022 to June 2023. Data were collected from 650 participants who sought medical care for bacterial infections and had been prescribed antibiotics in the primary healthcare setting. Participants who consented to the study and agreed to provide necessary samples for analysis were included. Demographic information, history, and clinical examinations were collected using systematically designed questionnaires and chart abstractions. Statistical analysis was performed using appropriate methods, with a p-value of <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Data were collected from 650 participants with a mean age of 38.09 ± 9.81 years. Of these, 52% were female and 48% were male. Respiratory infections were the most common, affecting 35% of participants. Recent antibiotic use was significantly associated with higher resistance rates, with 45% resistance in those who had used antibiotics recently compared to 20% in those who had not (p < 0.01). Participants aged 60 years and older exhibited a higher resistance rate of 35% compared to 20% in those under 60 years old (p < 0.05). Gender did not show a significant association with antibiotic resistance, with resistance rates of 25% in females and 27% in males (p = 0.65). Conclusion: Antibiotic resistance poses a significant threat in primary healthcare settings, with a high prevalence of resistant and multi-drug-resistant strains identified.

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Mullender, Richard. "Book Review: Moral Combat: A History of World War II. By Michael Burleigh. Harper. 2010. 650 + xxi pp. £30.00. ISBN 978 0 00 719576 3". War in History 18, nr 3 (lipiec 2011): 405–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09683445110180030707.

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Kelly, Mary Kate. "POLITICAL DOMINATION AND LINGUISTIC PREFERENCES IN ANCIENT MAYA HIEROGLYPHIC WRITING: A CASE STUDY OF PIEDRAS NEGRAS AND YAXCHILAN". Contributions in New World Archaeology 13 (31.12.2019): 93–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.33547/cnwa.13.04.

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Long prior to the arrival of the Spanish to the New World, ancient Maya history relates tales of contact and conquest among the inhabitants of the Maya region. Composed of a set of related but distinct cultures who spoke a spectrum of Mayan languages, the prestige language used in the written tradition was broadly homogeneous. Prior studies have suggested that regional language varieties influenced scribal preferences in a handful of linguistic features that appear in the texts. New linguistic data from Late Classic (AD 650–830) monuments reveal a more nuanced story — a tale in which political domination impacted the elite written language. This paper looks at a case study of monuments from Yaxchilan and Piedras Negras whose authors employed specific linguistic traits. I argue these were enforced at the level of the scribal school, and these same traits are reflected in the scribal preferences of the sites subordinate to each. Scribal schools, as they can be identified by paleographic, iconographic, and now linguistic styles, are themselves manifestations of the contemporaneous political dynamic. While conquest in the Classic era took a very different form than later colonization by Europeans, it nonetheless left a significant mark on Maya peoples’ history.

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Gentz, Rachel, Paul Casamassimo, Homa Amini, Dan Claman i Megann Smiley. "Safety and Efficacy of 3 Pediatric Midazolam Moderate Sedation Regimens". Anesthesia Progress 64, nr 2 (1.06.2017): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2344/anpr-64-02-04.

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Our aim was to characterize effectiveness and complications in children receiving oral midazolam alone, nasal midazolam alone, or oral midazolam with other sedatives. Children received oral midazolam alone, nasal midazolam, or oral midazolam in combination with other sedative medications. All subjects received a presedation history and physical examination and were sedated per protocol by any of 28 resident providers under attending supervision. Sedations were rated for success and complications by clinicians. Postoperative complications were assessed by trained staff up to 48 hours postoperatively. Seven hundred and one encounters, completed over 24 months, yielded 650 usable sedations. The majority of children were healthy (469; 68.2%) and 86% (532) weighed between 10 and 25 kg. Sedations were deemed successful in about 80% of cases. Planned treatment was completed in over 85% of encounters. Oral midazolam alone yielded the best behavior. Physical assessment factors of behavior and age were correlated (P = .035) with effectiveness. Hiccups and a positive medical history were significantly related (P = .049). Side effects of either nausea/vomiting, dysphoria, or hiccups occurred in less than 10% of cases. All 3 regimens were effective with minimal postoperative complications.

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Roy, Parama. "Politics of the Possible: Essays on Gender, History, Narratives, Colonial English. By Kumkum Sangari. New Delhi: Tulika, 1999. xlix, 503 pp. Rs 650 (cloth)." Journal of Asian Studies 60, nr 1 (luty 2001): 277–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2659583.

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Wilpert, Julia, Joan E. van Horn i Cyril Boonmann. "Comparing the Central Eight Risk Factors: Do They Differ Across Age Groups of Sex Offenders?" International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 62, nr 13 (24.02.2018): 4278–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x18758899.

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Following the risk-need-responsivity (RNR) model, cognitive-behavioral therapy is considered most effective in reducing recidivism when based on dynamic risk factors. As studies have found differences of these factors across age, exploring this seems beneficial. The current study investigates the Central Eight (C8) risk factors across six age groups of outpatient sex offenders ( N = 650). Results showed that recidivism rates and age were inversely related from 19 years and up. Half of the C8 did not predict general recidivism at all, substance abuse, antisocial cognition, antisocial associates, and history of antisocial behavior in only one or several age groups. However, factors differed between age groups, with the youngest group demonstrating the most dysfunction in several areas and the oldest group the least. It is concluded that the C8 risk factors seem to lose significance in the older age groups. Results may benefit targeting treatment goals.

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Koons, Michele L. "Moche Sociopolitical Dynamics and the Role of Licapa II, Chicama Valley, Peru". Latin American Antiquity 26, nr 4 (grudzień 2015): 473–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/1045-6635.26.4.473.

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Fieldwork at the Moche (A .D. 250–900) site of Licapa II in the Chicama Valley, Peru, has resulted in a more nuanced history of the changing sociopolitical relationships among Moche centers. The distinct archaeological signatures of Moche society, namely ceramics and huacas (monumental structures), have been interpreted as emblematic of an ethnic and political reality and as evidence for a state. Nonetheless, scholars are now disentangling these assumptions, arguing that Moche society was a complex mosaic of interacting settlements. My research at Licapa II combined surface collection, geophysical surveys, excavation, and chronometric analysis to better understand this site within the context of broader Moche sociopolitical dynamics. Ceramic and architectural evidence from Licapa II indicates that a shift in ideological organization occurred around A.D. 650. This shift reflects changes seen throughout the Moche world. Licapa II is located on the border of the northern and southern regions of Moche cultural development, and ceramic styles indicate that many of the interactions between these regions could have occurred here. By comparing these findings to evidence of sociopolitical reorganization seen elsewhere, research from Licapa II contributes to a non-state and decentralized view of the sociopolitical structure of Moche society.

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Ireland, Colin. "Seventh-Century Ireland as a Study Abroad Destination". Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad 5, nr 1 (15.11.1999): 61–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.36366/frontiers.v5i1.72.

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In order to reconstruct the life of “study abroad students” in seventh-century Ireland I rely primarily on three sources. The first two sources are the English churchmen Aldhelm and Bede. Aldhelm (d.709), abbot of Malmesbury and later bishop of Sherborne, was the first Anglo-Saxon man of letters. Fortunately, at least two letters by him to Anglo-Saxon students who studied in Ireland survive. Bede (d.735), a priest at Wearmouth-Jarrow, was the greatest of the Anglo-Saxon men of letters. He wrote a history of the Anglo-Saxon Church (Historia Ecclesiastica [HE]), cited frequently in this article, which often notes the relationships between the English and the Irish in the seventh century. As English clerical scholars, Aldhelm and Bede are eager to promote the Church of Rome and Anglo-Saxon England’s role in its growth. Nevertheless, they frequently acknowledge the Irish contribution to English Church history and Anglo-Saxon learned culture. Bede tells us, for example, that Irish schools provided English students with free books and free instruction. My third major source is the Hisperica Famina1 “Western Sayings,” a cryptic Latin text written in Ireland by, or about, foreign students sometime probably between c.650 and c.665. The Hisperica Famina are secular in tone and give us our most intimate

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Furquim, Laura P., Jennifer Watling, Lautaro M. Hilbert, Myrtle P. Shock, Gabriela Prestes-Carneiro, Cristina Marilin Calo, Anne R. Py-Daniel i in. "Facing Change through Diversity: Resilience and Diversification of Plant Management Strategies during the Mid to Late Holocene Transition at the Monte Castelo Shellmound, SW Amazonia". Quaternary 4, nr 1 (3.03.2021): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quat4010008.

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Recent advances in the archaeology of lowland South America are furthering our understanding of the Holocene development of plant cultivation and domestication, cultural niche construction, and relationships between environmental changes and cultural strategies of food production. This article offers new data on plant and landscape management and mobility in Southwestern Amazonia during a period of environmental change at the Middle to Late Holocene transition, based on archaeobotanical analysis of the Monte Castelo shellmound, occupied between 6000 and 650 yr BP and located in a modern, seasonally flooded savanna–forest mosaic. Through diachronic comparisons of carbonized plant remains, phytoliths, and starch grains, we construct an ecology of resource use and explore its implications for the long-term history of landscape formation, resource management practices, and mobility. We show how, despite important changes visible in the archaeological record of the shellmound during this period, there persisted an ancient, local, and resilient pattern of plant management which implies a degree of stability in both subsistence and settlement patterns over the last 6000 years. This pattern is characterized by management practices that relied on increasingly diversified, rather than intensive, food production systems. Our findings have important implications in debates regarding the history of settlement permanence, population growth, and carrying capacity in the Amazon basin.

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Hofmann, A., H. Xie, L. Saha i C. Reinke. "Granitoids and greenstones of the White Mfolozi Inlier, south-east Kaapvaal Craton". South African Journal of Geology 123, nr 3 (1.09.2020): 263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.25131/sajg.123.0019.

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Abstract A Palaeoarchaean greenstone fragment and associated granitoid gneisses from an area south of Ulundi in KwaZulu-Natal is described. The fragment consists of an association of garnetiferous amphibolite and calc-silicate that was intruded at 3388 ± 4 Ma by tonalite and at 3275 ± 4 Ma by trondhjemite. Strong ductile deformation of the greenstones and granitoids under amphibolite facies conditions (7 kbar and 600 to 650°C) took place prior to uplift and emplacement of a granite batholith at ~3.25 Ga ago in which the granitoid gneiss-greenstone domain is now found. Magmatism 3.27 to 3.25 Ga ago was a direct response to regional metamorphism and anataxis, and gave rise to stabilization of the southeastern Kaapvaal Craton at that time, earlier than other parts of the craton. Deposition of quartz-arenites on stable granitic basement took place <3.1 Ga ago. Contrasting ages in magmatic pulses and regional metamorphism reflect a different crustal growth history of the eastern and southeastern part of the Kaapvaal Craton.

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Wu, Hui Bin, Shan Wu Yang, S. Q. Yuan, Cheng Jia Shang, Xue Min Wang i Xin Lai He. "Evolution of Microstructures in a Low Carbon Bainitic Steel during Reheating". Materials Science Forum 475-479 (styczeń 2005): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.121.

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Cooled in water after isothermal relaxation of deformed austenite for different time, a Nb-bearing microalloyed steel always exhibited synthetic microstructures of bainitic ferrite, granular bainite and acicular ferrite. When these samples were reheated to and held at 650°C or 700 °C, the non-equilibrious microstructures tended to evolve into equilibrious ones, accompanied by obvious change of hardness. The rate of microstructures evolution was closely related to relaxation time of deformed austenite. The sample relaxed for 60s displayed the highest thermal stability, while microstructure evolution was quickest in the sample relaxed for 1000s even though it was softest before reheating. By hardness measurement, it was found that softening was not only process occurring during reheating, in which hardness fluctuated with time. There were two peaks in hardness-time curve of each sample having undergone relaxation, while single peak occurred in the curve of the sample not being relaxed. These results indicate that thermal stability of microstructures is determined by their history of formation.

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Chalko, T. J., i D. X. Li. "Modelling Turbine Vibration in Terms if its Load Variation". International Journal of Rotating Machinery 1, nr 3-4 (1995): 293–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1023621x95000145.

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This paper is based on a case history of a 650 MW turbine-generator, which changed its vibration significantly every time when a change of its thermal/electrical load was made. Significant changes of vibration amplitude and phase distribution along the shaft indicated the contribution of different modes of vibration. Interestingly, vibration of other identical units manufactured by the same manufacturer were not sensitive to load variation. A vibration monitoring system, relying on observing slow trends in vibration data, was not able to interpret the significant vibration changes. In particular, it was not clear, whether or not there was a fault in the system and whether or not the unit was safe to operate. The paper presents problem modelling, analysis and the explanation for vibration changes. Presented analysis explains that vibration changes were not associated with the fault in the system but they were a natural response of the system to parameter change.

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Körntgen, Ludger. "Catherine Cubiti, Anglo-Saxon Church Councils c.650-c.850. London: Leicester University Press 1995 ( = Studies in the Early History of Britain). X + 363 S." Annarium Historiae Conciliorum 29, nr 1 (16.02.1997): 251–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/25890433-02901019.

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Andrade, Hugo, Eduardo José dos Reis Dias, Rony Peterson Santos Almeida, Bruno Bove da Costa i Matheus Oliveira Neves. "Modeling the potential distribution to present and future of the poorly known species Xenohyla eugenioi Caramaschi, 1998 (Anura: Hylidae) with findings about its distribution, natural history, and conservation". Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 64 (2.01.2024): e202464002. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2024.64.002.

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The distribution of anurans is conditioned by historical factors and ecological drivers. Thus, Species Distribution Models are important tools to provide information on the potential distribution of the species and determine where they will be requirements in future. Here our aim was modeling the current and future distribution and discussing about conservation of Xenohyla eugenioi. We searched for occurrence records through literature and scientific collections data. This species has approximately 650 km in straight line between the extreme localities, occurring mainly in bromeliads near to water bodies. he Ensemble method indicates the most probable areas of occurrence were over ecotonal range between Caatinga and Atlantic Forest and our projections have showed suitable conditions to highlands (up to 1.000 m). While, in the future, is expected erosion of the X. eugenioi populations, due climatic changes, which reinforce the caution to conservation of this poorly known species and necessity of studies about its ecology, natural history and distribution. Moreover, we hope that this work will contribute to the discovery of new records, characterizing the narrower niche space than this species may actually inhabit.

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Zangwill, Andrew. "Maxwell’s Enduring Legacy: A Scientific History of the Cavendish LaboratoryMaxwell’s Enduring Legacy: A Scientific History of the Cavendish Laboratory, Malcolm Longair, Cambridge U. Press, 2016, 650 p, $69.99, ISBN 978-1-107-08369-1". Physics Today 70, nr 8 (sierpień 2017): 60–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/pt.3.3664.

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Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo, Antonio García-Alix, María Dolores Hernández-Corbalán, R. Scott Anderson i Antonio Delgado-Huertas. "Vegetation, fire, climate and human disturbance history in the southwestern Mediterranean area during the late Holocene". Quaternary Research 79, nr 2 (marzec 2013): 110–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2012.11.008.

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AbstractDetailed pollen, charcoal, isotope and magnetic susceptibility data from an alpine lake sediment core from Sierra Nevada, southern Spain record changes in vegetation, fire history and lake sedimentation since ca. 4100 cal yr BP. The proxies studied record an arid period from ca. 3800 to 3100 cal yr BP characterized by more xerophytic vegetation and lower lake levels. A humid period is recorded between ca. 3100 and 1850 cal yr BP, which occurred in two steps: (1) an increase in evergreen Quercus between 3100 and 2500 cal yr BP, indicating milder conditions than previously and (2) an increase in deciduous Quercus and higher lake levels, between ca. 2500 and 1850 cal yr BP, indicating a further increase in humidity and reduction in seasonal contrast. Humid maxima occurred during the Roman Humid Period, previously identified in other studies in the Mediterranean region. Intensified fire activity at this time could be related to an increase in fuel load and/or in human disturbance. An arid period subsequently occurred between 1850 and 650 cal yr BP, though a decrease in Quercus and an increase in xerophytes. The alternation of persistent North Atlantic Oscillation modes probably played an important role in controlling these humid–arid cycles.

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Zhang, Lijuan, Hua Yang i Ping Yang. "The Correlation between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in the Elderly". Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 2022 (22.01.2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4154426.

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With the improvement of people’s living conditions and changes in social lifestyles, the incidence of type 2 diabetes is gradually increasing, and the number of people with diabetes and cardiovascular disease is also increasing. Based on this, the article collects basic information on 650 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, of which 49.39% are between 60 and 70 years old, 32.46% are between 70 and 80 years old, and 18.15% are between 80 and 90 years old. Through the analysis of related cardiovascular disease risk factors, the correlation between the elderly cardiovascular disease risk factors and type 2 diabetes is explored. The results showed that the correlations between smoking history, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the risk of type 2 diabetes in the elderly were 0.987, 0.956, 0.971, and 0.940, respectively. It can be seen that these factors are highly correlated with the risk of type 2 diabetes in the elderly, and smoking history has the strongest correlation, indicating that high levels of smoking may be a key pathogenic factor in the onset of type 2 diabetes. The correlation of other factors is lower than 0.8, indicating that other factors are additional risk factors for the disease. After that, the p value was 0.01, and the difference test was passed, which proved the accuracy of the model.

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