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Nacarino, Meneses Carmen. "Life history inferences in extant and extinct Equus from the histological analysis of bone and enamel tissues". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664248.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe study of life histories provides valuable insights into many aspects of a species’ biology and ecology, including the ecological conditions of its ecosystem, its biodiversity, its demography and its vulnerability to extinction. Life histories of extant and extinct vertebrates can be reconstructed from bone and dental microstructure. However, histological research in key mammalian groups for paleontology and ecology, such as equids, is still little explored. The present PhD thesis aims to analyze bone and dental histology in extant and extinct Equus to obtain information about their most important life history and biological traits. The extant sample of the present dissertation comprises bones and teeth of Asiatic wild ass, plains zebra and Grevy’s zebra. Their detailed histological study has provided a solid framework for the subsequent analysis of fossil Equus species, which has been limited here to Middle and Late Pleistocene taxa. Results obtained from bone histology in living equids show that bone tissue types vary through ontogeny, recording individual growth. This dissertation also indicates that changes in bone tissue types are related to certain life history characteristics. Thus, for instance, results of this thesis reveal that the transition from fibrolamellar to lamellar bone (i.e. external fundamental system) in equid femora is associated with the onset of reproductive maturity. Key life history events, such as the moment of birth, are also registered in the bone tissue of equids. For the first time in mammals, the present dissertation describes a non-cyclical bone growth mark in the limb bones of equids whose timing of deposition agrees with a period of growth arrest/decline during birth in foals (neonatal line). This discovery is of high importance for the histological reconstruction of life histories in extant and extinct mammals. Bone skeletochronology in extant Equus further reveals that the femur is the best bone to obtain life history data in equids, and that bone growth curves yield information about skeletal maturity. On the other hand, the counting of incremental markings of daily periodicity in equid enamel yields new estimates of daily secretion rates for these mammals that invalidate previous inaccurate studies. The detailed study of dental enamel in first lower molars of extant Equus also shows that the development of this tooth involves three different stages. Each of them presents a specific rate and pattern of growth, and is related to ontogenetic and structural modifications of the tooth. The histological analysis performed here further indicates that enamel extends beyond the molar’s cervix in equids, hampering measurements of the crown height from the external appearance of the tooth. Results of this thesis also reveals that the time of first lower molar crown formation in the Asiatic wild ass doubles that of the African zebras, probably due to differences in habitat and longevity among these species. Dental histology further yields information about rates of wear in equids, indicating much higher wear rates for the first lower molar early in ontogeny than commonly thought. In a first attempt to reconstruct the life history of extinct Equus, bone histology was analyzed in the Middle Pleistocene species E. steinheimensis and E. mosbachensis and dental enamel was studied in the Late Pleistocene taxa E. ferus and E. hydruntinus. The preliminary findings obtained from these investigations allowed the first analysis of the body size trend towards dwarfing in European Pleistocene Equus under a life history perspective. First results indicate that larger Middle Pleistocene equids grew at higher rates than smaller Late Pleistocene and extant species. This finding agrees with published paleoenvironmental reconstructions and conforms to life history models that propose resource availability as one of the main selection pressures influencing adult body size.
Conceição, Maria da [UNESP]. "Aspectos histológicos e morfométricos da pele de cães do nascimento aos 70 dias de idade, clinicamente saudáveis". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101321.
Pełny tekst źródłaA pele exerce várias funções importantes, por isto várias conseqüências deletérias podem advir devido à sua imaturidade ou perda da sua integridade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de avaliar a evolução da pele dos cães recém-nascidos em relação à sua morfologia e celularidade desde o nascimento até 70 dias de idade, em 28 filhotes. As amostras de pele foram colhidas da região dorsal nos um, 20, 40 e 60 dias de vida, e da região ventral nos 10, 30, 50, e 70 dias de vida. As amostras obtidas por meio de biópsia da pele dos filhotes foram processadas e coradas pela hematoxilina-eosina, ácido periódico de Schiff, calleja sem permanganato de potássio, tricrômico de Masson e vermelho do congo-azul de toluidina acidificada. Comparando-se os resultados obtidos com os dados da literatura do cão adulto pôde-se verificar que os neonatos possuem os mesmos componentes da pele dos adultos. A espessura da membrana basal é linear tanto em machos quanto em fêmeas. Em relação ao sexo, houve diferença significativa da espessura das fibras colágenas da derme superficial e derme profunda, fibras elásticas e reticulares do dorso direito entre os machos e fêmeas de um, 20, 40 e 60 dias de vida. Nos filhotes machos as fibras tiveram espessamento linear. No que diz respeito à idade também houve diferença estatística da espessura das fibras colágenas da derme superficial e profunda e fibras elásticas. Nos filhotes machos há tendência de espessamento destas fibras com o amadurecimento dos animais. O local anatômico da colheita, dorso direito e ventre direito dos animais de 60 dias de idade, teve influência na espessura das fibras elásticas. As fibras do dorso direito dos filhotes machos são mais espessas do que as do ventre direito dos filhotes fêmeas.
The skin exerts several important functions; therefore many deleterious consequences may occur due to its immaturity or loss of integrity. The scope of this study was to evaluate the evolution of skin from newborn dogs in its morphology and cellular content from birth until 70 days of age on 28 puppies. The skin samples were collected from the dorsal area at one, 20, 40 and 60 days of life; and from the ventral area at 10, 30, 50, 70 days of life. The samples were obtained through skin biopsy and stained by hematoxylineosin, Schiff periodic acid, calleja without potassium permanganate, trichromic of Masson, and modified congo red-acidified toluidine blue stain. Comparing the obtained results to literature data for adult dogs, it was verified that newborns posses the same skin components of adult dogs. The thickness of the basal membrane is linear for both males and females. Regarding sex, there was a significant difference of thickness on collagen fibers from superficial and deep dermis, as well as on elastic and reticular fibers from the right dorsum among males and females of one, 20, 40 and 60 days of life. On male puppies the fibers presented linear thickening. Concerning the age, there also was significant difference of thickness on collagen fibers from superficial and deep dermis and elastic fibers. On male puppies there is a tendency of thickening for those fibers, as the animals grow mature. The anatomic site for collecting – right dorsum and right ventral area of 60 day-old animals – had an influence on the thickness of elastic fibers. The fibers from the right dorsum of male puppies are thicker when comparing to those from the right ventral area of female puppies.
Asaad, Kamil. "Comparative histology of human skin". Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5711.
Pełny tekst źródłaConceição, Maria da. "Aspectos histológicos e morfométricos da pele de cães do nascimento aos 70 dias de idade, clinicamente saudáveis /". Botucatu : [s.n.], 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101321.
Pełny tekst źródłaResumo: A pele exerce várias funções importantes, por isto várias conseqüências deletérias podem advir devido à sua imaturidade ou perda da sua integridade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de avaliar a evolução da pele dos cães recém-nascidos em relação à sua morfologia e celularidade desde o nascimento até 70 dias de idade, em 28 filhotes. As amostras de pele foram colhidas da região dorsal nos um, 20, 40 e 60 dias de vida, e da região ventral nos 10, 30, 50, e 70 dias de vida. As amostras obtidas por meio de biópsia da pele dos filhotes foram processadas e coradas pela hematoxilina-eosina, ácido periódico de Schiff, calleja sem permanganato de potássio, tricrômico de Masson e vermelho do congo-azul de toluidina acidificada. Comparando-se os resultados obtidos com os dados da literatura do cão adulto pôde-se verificar que os neonatos possuem os mesmos componentes da pele dos adultos. A espessura da membrana basal é linear tanto em machos quanto em fêmeas. Em relação ao sexo, houve diferença significativa da espessura das fibras colágenas da derme superficial e derme profunda, fibras elásticas e reticulares do dorso direito entre os machos e fêmeas de um, 20, 40 e 60 dias de vida. Nos filhotes machos as fibras tiveram espessamento linear. No que diz respeito à idade também houve diferença estatística da espessura das fibras colágenas da derme superficial e profunda e fibras elásticas. Nos filhotes machos há tendência de espessamento destas fibras com o amadurecimento dos animais. O local anatômico da colheita, dorso direito e ventre direito dos animais de 60 dias de idade, teve influência na espessura das fibras elásticas. As fibras do dorso direito dos filhotes machos são mais espessas do que as do ventre direito dos filhotes fêmeas.
Abstract: The skin exerts several important functions; therefore many deleterious consequences may occur due to its immaturity or loss of integrity. The scope of this study was to evaluate the evolution of skin from newborn dogs in its morphology and cellular content from birth until 70 days of age on 28 puppies. The skin samples were collected from the dorsal area at one, 20, 40 and 60 days of life; and from the ventral area at 10, 30, 50, 70 days of life. The samples were obtained through skin biopsy and stained by hematoxylineosin, Schiff periodic acid, calleja without potassium permanganate, trichromic of Masson, and modified congo red-acidified toluidine blue stain. Comparing the obtained results to literature data for adult dogs, it was verified that newborns posses the same skin components of adult dogs. The thickness of the basal membrane is linear for both males and females. Regarding sex, there was a significant difference of thickness on collagen fibers from superficial and deep dermis, as well as on elastic and reticular fibers from the right dorsum among males and females of one, 20, 40 and 60 days of life. On male puppies the fibers presented linear thickening. Concerning the age, there also was significant difference of thickness on collagen fibers from superficial and deep dermis and elastic fibers. On male puppies there is a tendency of thickening for those fibers, as the animals grow mature. The anatomic site for collecting - right dorsum and right ventral area of 60 day-old animals - had an influence on the thickness of elastic fibers. The fibers from the right dorsum of male puppies are thicker when comparing to those from the right ventral area of female puppies.
Doutor
Diagone, Karen Vicente. "Histologia e morfometria dos testículos de gatos domésticos adultos /". Jaboticabal :, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101120.
Pełny tekst źródłaAbstract: It was carried out in this research histological and morphometric analyses of testes of 30 mixed breed cats distributed in three groups (G) according to their ages, G1 (1 to 2 years), G2 (> 2 to 4 years) and G3 (> 4 to 6 years) , without reproductive diseases. After the performance of the orchiectomy, the right testis of each animal was washed under running water for removal of blood excess, fixed in Bouin solution for 24 hours, submitted to routine histological processing. The blocks of all samples were cut into 5-μm thick sections and the testes were cut into five 120-μm semi-serial sections. The specimens were mounted on glass slides, stained with hematoxylin-eosin technique and the histological sections were examined and photographed under an Olympus BX50 photomicroscope. The following morphometric parameters were analyzed: thickness of the tunica albuginea (72 μm) and seminiferous epithelium (77,19 μm) of the seminiferous tubules. Nucleus and cytoplasm of type A spermatogonia and Leydig cells were also studied: perimeter (53,81; 90,57 μm) and (54,80; 101,07 μm), area (174,23; 494,55 μm2) and (176,68; 629,70 μm2), maximum diameter (14,94; 28,02 μm) and (14,76; 31,66 μm), minimum diameter (13,25; 21,92 μm) and (13,30; 24,52 μm) and roundness factor (1,36; 1,36) and (1,39; 1,35) respectively. All analyses were performed using ANOVA. These parameters could be used in comparative studies with another feline species, to improve information about the thickness of the seminiferous epithelium, tunica propria, spermatogonia and Leydig cells to help feline reproduction professionals
Orientador: Wilter Ricardo Russiano Vicente
Coorientador: Maria Rita Pacheco
Banca: Ana Paula Coelho Ribeiro
Banca: Frederico Ozanam Barros Monteiro
Banca: Paulo Henrique Franceschini
Banca: Marion Burkhardt de Koivisto
Doutor
Bori, i. Tuneu Guillem. "Utilitat de la histologia en el diagnòstic de la infecció de l’artroplàstia de maluc". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/31996.
Pełny tekst źródłaMcCann, Michael T. "Tools for Automated Histology Image Analysis". Research Showcase @ CMU, 2015. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/678.
Pełny tekst źródłaButterworth, Rosalind J. "The histology of human granulating wounds". Thesis, University of Leicester, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/34293.
Pełny tekst źródłaMiszkiewicz, Justyna J. "Ancient human bone histology and behaviour". Thesis, University of Kent, 2014. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/38319/.
Pełny tekst źródłaChedid, Renata Alari [UNESP]. "Estudo morfológico e histoquímico do tubo digestivo de eleuteroembriões e larvas de Leporinus obtusidens (Valenciennes, 1836)". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86661.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Leporinus obtusidens apresenta características zootécnicas interessantes e promissoras para o cultivo em piscicultura. Na maioria das espécies cultivadas, as larvas, ao iniciarem a alimentação exógena, são organismos cujo desenvolvimento ainda não se completou, razão pela qual os órgãos digestivos não estão totalmente definidos e o conteúdo enzimático ainda é deficiente. As pesquisas com larvas de peixes apontam para a alimentação como o fator de maior importância a ser considerado durante o desenvolvimento inicial, pois os organismos estão na fase de diferenciação estrutural e funcional do sistema digestório. Assim o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as características histológicas e histoquímicas do tudo digestivo de Leporinus obtusidens nas fases iniciais do desenvolvimento. As amostras foram fixadas em solução de Karnovsky e processadas para análises histológicas e histoquímicas. A eclosão dos eleuteroembriões de L. obtusidens ocorreu às 15 horas após a fertilização (28°C) e as reservas de vitelo foram observadas até 120 horas após a eclosão (HAE). A boca sofreu modificações na posição, passando de ventral para subterminal. Com relação ao esôfago, foi possível observar as primeiras células caliciformes com 48 HAE e a partir de 64 HAE intensa positividade ao PAS e ao AB. A partir de 30 HAE foi possível observar o primórdio do estômago, caracterizado pela substituição do epitélio esofágico estratificado por epitélio gástrico simples, com presença de poucas células caliciformes. Com 96 HAE foi observada intensa reação ao PAS no epitélio de revestimento do estômago, o que indica funcionalidade do órgão. Quanto ao intestino, foi observado um desenvolvimento lento, as primeiras células caliciformes foram observadas com 96 HAE. Os cecos pilóricos foram evidenciados...
Leporinus obtusidens husbandry has characteristics very interesting and promising for cultivation in aquaculture programs. Most of the cultivated species, the larvae begin to feed exogenously, are organisms whose metamorphosis is not complete, which is why the digestive organs are not fully defined and the enzyme content is still deficient. The studies with fish larvae feeding point to as the most important factor to be considered during early development, because the organisms are in the process of structural and functional differentiation of the digestive system. Thus the objective of this study was to analyze the histological and histochemical features of digestive L. obtusidens in all stages of development. Samples were collected in the Hydrobiology and Aquaculture Station of Companhia Energetica de São Paulo (CESP) Jupiá, SP. The samples were fixed in Karnovsky solution, processed for histological and immunohistochemical analysis. The outbreak of eleuteroembryo L. obtusidens occurred approximately 15 hours after fertilization (28 ° C) and the yolk reserves were observed up to 120 HAE. The mouth has undergone successive changes during development, the ventral position to the subterminal position. With regard to the esophagus, it was possible to observe the first goblet cells with 48 HAE and and starting at 64 HAE intense positivity to PAS and AB. From 30 HAE was possible to observe the beginnings of the stomach, characterized only by the substitution of an esophageal epithelium stratified by gastric epithelium simple with cuboidal cells, with little presence of goblet cells. Was observed with 96 HAE intense reaction to PAS in the epithelium lining of the stomach, indicating functionality of the organ. As the intestine, we observed a slow development, the first goblet cells were observed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Olsson, Mattias. "Role of the CD47/SIRPα-interaction in regulation of macrophage phagocytosis". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Integrativ medicinsk biologi, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1574.
Pełny tekst źródłaMudalige, Rasika Geethanjali. "Dendrobium flower color : histology and genetic manipulation". Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/3066.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 148-153).
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
Also available by subscription via World Wide Web
xix, 153 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm
Calvert, Patrick Andrew. "Virtual-histology intravascular ultrasound in vulnerable atherosclerosis". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609857.
Pełny tekst źródłaSmith, Caitlin Caryl Danielle. "Giraffa camelopardalis: limb bone histology through ontogeny". Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32351.
Pełny tekst źródłaLei, Lih-Wei. "Evaluation of computer-assisted instruction in histology /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7707.
Pełny tekst źródłaMacedo, Mirian Helena Hoeschl Abreu [UNESP]. "Atipias de significado indeterminado em células escamosas cervicais e diagnósticos histológicos na Secretaria de Estado de Saúde do Distrito Federal". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99211.
Pełny tekst źródłaFundação de Ensino e Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde (FEPECS)
O presente estudo avaliou 99 pacientes com diagnóstico colpocitológico de células escamosas atípicas de significado indeterminado (ASC), no Distrito Federal (DF). No ano do estudo, foram realizadas 101.948 colpocitologias oncóticas (CO) na rede de saúde publica do DF. Destas, 1.454 correspondiam a células escamosas atípicas de significado indeterminado, possivelmente não neoplásicas (ASC-US) e 324 a células escamosas atípicas de significado indeterminado, quando não se pode excluir lesão intraepitelial de alto grau (ASC-H). Foram incluídas no estudo 99 pacientes com citologias de interesse, e realizadas biópsias de colo uterino cujos resultados histológicos revelaram 77 normais e 22 alterados com neoplasia intraepitelial de grau moderado ou maior (NIC2+), e colhidas novas colpocitologias. As novas colpocitologias foram analisadas na central de Citopatologia do DF, as colposcopias foram realizadas por um único observador, e os estudos histológicos por um mesmo patologista. Foram feitas 99 biópsias com os seguintes resultados: 77 normais e 22 com alterações evidenciando neoplasia intraepitelial de alto grau. Entre as colpocitologias iniciais com diagnóstico de ASC-H 50% apresentaram NIC2+ à histologia. A colposcopia mostrou sensibilidade e especificidade de 63,6% e 87,0% (IC 95%), respectivamente. Os valores preditivos positivos foram 6,66%, 26,30% e 9,09% (IC de 95% ) para a primeira colpocitologia, para a segunda colpocitologia e colposcopia. Os valores preditivos negativos foram, para os mesmos métodos diagnósticos 98,74%, 98,43% e 99,15%. Os fatores associados a presença de lesão NIC2+ foram tabagismo, estado civil, número de parceiros, uso de anticoncepcional hormonal, e início da vida sexual ativa entre 13 e 16 anos. Os resultados histológicos de ASC, tanto ASC-US como ASC-H...
The current study evaluated 99 patients diagnosed with vaginal smear atypical squamous cells (ASC) of underdetermined significance in the Federal District (FD). During the year of studies, 101,948 oncotic colpocytologies (OC) were undertaken in public service in the FD. Of these, 1,454 corresponded to atypical squamous cells of underdetermined significance, possible non-neoplasia (ASC-US), and 324 corresponded to atypical squamous cells of underdetermined significance when high grade intraepithelial neoplasia cannot be excluded (ASC-H). Patients with cytology interest were called. 99 biopsies were undertaken whose histological results revealed 77 normal and 22 altered with moderate or higher grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (NIC2+) and a new colpocytology was taken. The new colpocytologies were analyzed at the Cytology Central of the FD, the colposcopies and hystologies were carried out by a single observer, but different. Ninety-nine biopsies were done with the following results: 77 normal and 22 with changes showing high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (NIC2+). Among the initial colpocytology with a diagnosis of ASC-H, 50% showed NIC2+ at histology. Colposcopy showed a sensitivity and specificity of 63.6% and 87.0% (95%), respectively. Positive predictive values were 6.66%, 26.30% and 9.09% (IC of 95%) for the first colpocytology, for the second colpocytology and colposcopy. The negative predictive values were, for the same diagnostic methods 98.74%, 98.43% and 99.15%. Factors associated with lesion NIC2+ were smoking, marital status, number of partners, use of hormonal contraceptive and beginning of sexual activity between 13 and 16 years old. The histological results both of ASC-US, and ASC-H comprise a wide variety of diagnoses ranging from normal to severe lesions as carcinomas. This finding... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Azevedo, Rebeca de Souza 1980. "Expressão imunohistoquimica de citoqueratinas e actina de musculo liso em carcinomas mucoepidermoides de glandulas salivares em suas diferentes gradações histologicas". [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290887.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O carcinoma mucoepidermóide (CME) é a neoplasia maligna de glândulas salivares mais comum, apresentando grande diversidade de tipos celulares e histogênese incerta e controversa. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a expressão imunohistoquímica de citoqueratinas (CKs) de epitélios simples (CKs 7, 8, 18 e 19) e de epitélios complexos (CKs 6, 13 e 14) e de um marcador de diferenciação mioepitelial (actina de músculo liso - AML) em CMEs de glândulas salivares maiores e menores nas diferentes gradações histológicas, na tentativa de estabelecer correlação entre a imunopositividade das células tumorais e o processo de diferenciação e histogênese. Foram selecionados 80 casos de CMEs de glândulas salivares do Departamento de Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço e Otorrinolaringologia do Hospital do Câncer/A.C. Camargo, São Paulo, entre 1957 e 1997. Os locais mais acometidos foram parótida (47,5%) e palato (26,3%). Do total, 45% dos casos foram classificados como de alto grau, 44% de baixo grau, e somente 11% de grau intermediário de malignidade. Células escamosas estavam presentes em 98% dos casos, intermediárias em 71%, mucosas em 54%, claras em 30%, colunares em 29% e oncocíticas em 3%. O padrão de crescimento neoplásico mostrou proporção similar entre os arranjos sólido (89%) e cístico/ductal (81%). A expressão das CKs variou de acordo com o tipo celular: células escamosas apresentaram alta expressão de CKs 6, 7, 8, 14, 18 e 19; células intermediárias de CKs 6, 7 e 8; células mucosas somente de CK7; células claras de CKs 6, 7 e 8; e células colunares de CKs 6, 7, 8 e 18. A CK13 mostrou expressão reduzida em todos os tipos celulares. Diferenciação mioepitelial, embora infreqüente, foi mais observada nas células escamosas e intermediárias. Nas glândulas salivares normais adjacentes, ácinos serosos e mucosos apresentaram alta expressão imunohistoquímica de CK18; ductos intercalados de CKs 6, 7, 18 e 19; ductos estriados de CKs 6, 7, 8, 13, 18 e 19; células ductais excretoras de CKs 6, 7, 8, 18 e 19; células basais excretoras de CK14; e células mioepiteliais de AML e CK14. A grande variedade de tipos celulares associada à expressão imunohistoquímica de diferentes CKs e em menor proporção de AML, similar aos ductos excretores, reforça o conceito de origem do CME a partir de células indiferenciadas pluripotentes localizadas nos ductos excretores das glândulas salivares normais
Abstract: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common malignat salivary gland tumor, composed of several different cell types, with unsettled and controversial histogenesis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the immunohistochemical expression of cytokeratins (CKs) of simple epithelia (7, 8, 18 and 19) and stratified epithelia (6, 13 and 14) and a myoepithelial marker (smooth muscle actin - SMA) �in MECs from major and minor salivary glands in their different histological grading, in order to establish a correlation between tumor cells immunostain and MEC histogenesis and differentiation. Eighty cases of salivary gland MECs retrieved from the Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology/A.C. Camargo Cancer Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil, from 1957 to 1997, were selected. The most common sites were parotid (47,5%) and palate (26,3%). From the total, 45% of the cases were classified as high grade, 44% as low grade, and only 11% as intermediate grade. Squamous cells were present in 98% of the cases, intermediate cells in 71%, mucous cells in 54%, clear cells in 30%, columnar cells in 29% and oncocytic cells in 3%. Tumor organization showed similar amount of solid nests (89%) and cystic structures or duct-like elements (81%). Cytokeratin expression was variable according to the cellular type: squamous cells presented high expression of CKs 6, 7, 8, 14, 18 and 19; intermediate cells of CKs 6, 7 and 8; mucous cells only of CK7; clear cells of CKs 6, 7 and 8; and columnar cells of CKs 6, 7, 8 and 18. CK13 was infrequently expressed in all cell types. Myoepithelial expression, albeit uncommon, was more frequently observed in squamous and intermediate cells. In normal salivary gland tissue found adjacent to the tumors, serous and mucous acini showed high immunohistochemical expression of CK18; intercalated ducts of CKs 6, 7, 18 and 19; striated ducts of CKs 6, 7, 8, 13, 18 and 19; ductal cells of excretory ducts of CKs 6, 7, 8, 18 and 19; basal cells of excretory ducts of CK14; and myoepithelial cells of SMA and CK14. The diversity of cellular types associated to the immunohistochemical expression of different CKs and, in less amount of SMA, similarly to excretory ducts reinforces the concept of MEC origin from pluripotential cells localized at the excretory ducts of normal salivary glands
Mestrado
Estomatologia
Mestre em Estomatopatologia
Pecora, Ricardo Augusto. "Aplicabilidade da tomografia de coerência óptica em papagaios-verdadeiros (Amazona aestiva)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10137/tde-25082017-150453/.
Pełny tekst źródłaOptical Coherence Tomography (OCT) represents an important advance in the diagnosis and monitoring of ocular diseases nowadays, but in veterinary medicine, the use of the technique is still not widespread. The aim of this study in research was to use the OCT in the study of the retina of blue-front parrots (Amazona aestiva) healthy adults, aiming at its characterization, as well as to standardize the examination technique for the species. The retinal layers were evaluated, the thicknesses measured in different areas of the retina and the occurrence of variations was verified. Pupillary dilatation was obtained by instillation of a drop of rocuronium bromide (5mg/ml) at moments 0, 2, 15, 17, 30 and 32 minutes. The animals were sedated with midazolam maleate (0.5mg/kg) intramuscularly and anesthetized with intravenous application of propofol (5.0mg/kg). Measurements were made of thicknesses of Total Retina (RT), Retinal Neurosensory (RN) and Ganglion Cell Complex (GCC), distant 2 millimeters (mm) from the pecten towards the fovea, whose mean values were 279.40 micrometers (µm), 255.90µm and 138, 60µm, respectively. These averages were compared to the averages found on histological slides scanned in an automatic fluorescence microscope and measured with the aid of the VS-ASW® software, and obtained values of 260.30µm for RT, 238.20µm for RN and 129.30µm for GCC, demonstrating high correlation coefficient between all measurements. The images allowed to demonstrate the anatomy of the retina with visibility and identification of its layers, variations and abnormalities. These data aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of retinopathies in blue-front parrots.
Miranda, Lucília Souza. "Evolução de Staurozoa (Cnidaria): inferências moleculares, morfológicas e de cnidoma". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-26012015-153211/.
Pełny tekst źródłaStaurozoa is one of the five current classes of the phylum Cnidaria. In this Dissertation we propose an integrative study of the evolution of Staurozoa, encompassing molecular, morphology, and cnidome information. In order to address these different aspects, the general aims of this project are to infer (1) the evolutionary relationship between species of Staurozoa; (2) the evolution of the body plan in Staurozoa; and (3) the taxonomic and evolutionary meaning of cnidome for the class. The chapter \"Global diversity and phylogenetic systematics of stalked jellyfishes (Cnidaria: Staurozoa)\" presents a comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis for representatives of the class Staurozoa. This hypothesis supported an extensive reassessment of staurozoan classification. The study also presents an historical review of the class, including information on taxonomy, diversity, geographical and bathymetric distribution, use of substrate, feeding, behavior, life cycle, and conservation. In the chapter \"Evolution of the body plan in Staurozoa (Cnidaria): a comparative histological study\", the internal anatomy of 10 species was evolutionarily analyzed based on our molecular phylogenetic hypothesis for the class. Characters rarely studied for the group were comparatively described in detail, and their possible functions were discussed. The evolution of nematocysts in Staurozoa is analyzed in the chapter \"Phylogenetic signal of nematocysts in Staurozoa (Cnidaria)\". Data from 17 species were analyzed based on our phylogenetic hypothesis. Using traditional and geometric morphometric data, we concluded that there is a significant phylogenetic signal for the nematocysts from secondary tentacles, which was not observed for the nematocysts from white spots. The possible relationship of phylogenetic signal and development of nematocysts in Staurozoa is discussed, as well as the possible evolutionary pressures involved in the presence and absence of phylogenetic signal
Sukekava, Flávia. "Estudo comparativo da remodelação das estruturas do rebordo alveolar após elevação do retalho". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23146/tde-04072013-154653/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe aim of this study was to describe and to compare some characteristics of alveolar ridge structures after flap surgery. Five beagle dogs had their upper second and third premolars selected in both quadrants to be scaled and planned. On the right side (Test group) the buccal flap was elevated on the second and third premolar, exposing the alveolar bone, over the muco-gingival junction for 15 minutes. After that, the flaps were irrigated with saline and returned to the original position and sutured with bioabsorbable mattress. On the contra lateral side (Control group) the teeth and gingiva were maintained intact. After three months of healing, the dogs were sacrificed to provide biopsies containing soft and hard tissue around teeth. The biopsies were prepared for morphometrical analyses. At the sections some linear measurements were obtained from both groups over the soft tissue and one, three and five millimeters below the cement-enamel junction: bundle bone and alveolar bone thickness, periodontal ligament thickness. Only over the soft tissue: gingival thickness and height and junctional epithelium length were measured. Mean values and standard deviations were calculated using the dog as a statistical unit. Students t test was used (p<0.05). The morphometric analyses have shown that 90 days after flap elevation there were no signs of bone modeling; and the dimensions of hard and soft tissues surrounding teeth had changed: gingival and bundle bone thickness; junctional epithelium length (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results have shown that after flap elevation periodontal tissues had reduced permanently; thickness of keratinized gingiva, as well as junctional epithelium length and bone crest height suffered dimensional alterations; the bundle bone had a similar thickness along the alveolar bone and represented an important part of the alveolar crest close to the cementenamel junction.
Spencer, Jasmine Rachael. "Telling animals : a histology of Dene textualized orature". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/62154.
Pełny tekst źródłaArts, Faculty of
English, Department of
Graduate
Romero, Rodney Gray. "The histology of bone and its piezoelectric characteristics". Thesis, Kingston University, 1986. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20508/.
Pełny tekst źródłaParland, William Keith. "Effects of chemical carcinogens on fish liver histology /". The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487265143148098.
Pełny tekst źródłaCal, Josy Alvarenga. "Histologia do trato digestório do surubim-pintado (Pseudoplatystoma coruscans - Agassiz, 1829)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10132/tde-01032007-180235/.
Pełny tekst źródłaPintado (Pseudoplatystoma coruscans), also commonly called surubim, is one of the most appreciated fish by the Brazilian consumer market, due to the excellent filet quality. However, works on the morphology of their digestive tract are scarce. In this work, the histological description of the esophagus, stomach and intestine of pintado, seeks to contribute and to supply scientific information for the better understanding of the digestive process of these species. Samples were obtained from esophagus, stomach and from all the intestinal areas and later analyzed with light microscope. In the esophagus, epithelium is stratified pavimentous type and was observed no queratinization, presenting epithelial cells, mucous membranes and great amount of club cells. The presence of club cells indicates that this organ is subjected to lesion and lacerations, participating in the organism defense system. The stomach of pintado is constituted of an organ in J form, being there distinguished three areas: cardic, fundic and piloric. The epithelium of the stomach is simple colunar type. The epithelial surface is interrupted by the gastric crypts, in the bottom of which opens up the gastric glands, being these deeper crypts in the cardic area or proximal of the stomach. The gastric glands come larger and more numerous in the proximal segment, decreasing in amount and size in the caudal way, what is related to a larger demand in the mucus secretion for protection and digestion of proteins. The pintado`s intestine is constituted of three different areas and denominated: proximal intestine, medium intestine and distal intestine or rectum. In the intestinal epithelium there were found macrophages and lymphocytes indicating a cellular barrier for the organism defense. In the distal intestine, epithelium was observed with cuticle grooved lower than in the previous segments. We can conclude that pintado presents private characteristics in relation to the microscopic structure of its digestive tract, in some aspects, if compared to other teleosts.
Tagliavini, Vinícius Panciera. "Caracterização da biodiversidade dos mixozoários (Cnidaria:Myxosporea) parasitos de peixes do rio Batalha, médio rio Tietê, São Paulo". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153672.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Os parasitos do filo Myxozoa são endoparasitas obrigatórios que infectam peixes, anfíbios, répteis, mamíferos, aves aquáticas em diversas regiões do mundo, com mais de 2180 espécies descritas, estando entre os mais importantes patógenos de peixes, porém, pouco se conhece deste parasito em peixes do Brasil. Neste estudo foram realizadas coletas entre março e setembro de 2016, na qual foram coletados 30 exemplares de curimba (Prochilodus lineatus) e dezessete exemplares de lambari (Astyanax altiaparanae), oriundos do rio Batalha, em dois locais de coleta, um ponto de coleta no município de Reginópolis e outro ponto no município de Agudos, estado de São Paulo. Foram utilizadas análises morfológicas (microscopia de luz, histologia e análise ultraestrutural), técnicas de biologia molecular (PCR e sequenciamento) na descrição de duas espécies de Henneguya Duas espécies foram documentadas neste estudo, uma delas foi encontrada infectando o filamento primário da brânquia de P. lineatus e é descrita neste estudo como Henneguya prochilodus e outra espécie encontrada infectando o filamento secundário da brânquia de A. altiparanae, a qual foi proposto uma descrição expandida da Henneguya chydadea Barassa et al. (2003), previamente descrita utilizando análises morfológicas e histopatologia. Análise filogenética do gene 18S rDNA foi realizada para avaliar a relação filogenética dessas duas espécies de Henneguya com outras espécies de mixosporídeos da América do Sul e de outras regiões do mundo.
The Myxozoa parasites are obligate endoparasites that infect fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals, waterfowl in several regions of the world, with more than 2180 described species, being among the most important fish pathogens, but little is known of this parasite in fish from Brazil. In this study were collected from March to September 2016, where 30 specimens of Curimba (Prochilodus lineatus) and seventeen specimens of lambari (Astyanax altiaparanae) from the Batalha River, in two collection sites, a collection point in the municipality of Reginópolis and another point in the municipality of Agudos, state of São Paulo. Morphological analyzes (light microscopy, histology and ultrastructural analysis), molecular biology techniques (PCR and sequencing) were used to describe two species of Henneguya. Two species were documented in this study, one of which was found infecting the primary filament of the gill of P. lineatus and is described in this study as Henneguya prochilodus and another species found infecting the secondary filament of the gill of A. altiparanae, which has been proposed an expanded description of Henneguya chydadea Barassa et al. (2003), previously described using morphological analysis and histopathology. Phylogenetic analysis of the 18S rDNA gene was performed to evaluate the phylogenetic relationship of these two species of Henneguya with other species of myxosporids from South America and other regions of the world.
Capes: 20400004
Jaffal, Ali. "Eco-physiologie des réponses aux stress chimiques chez le poisson en milieu naturel : cas des salmonidés des îles Kerguelen". Thesis, Reims, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REIMS001/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe Kerguelen Islands (40°S, 70°E) contain freshwater ecosystems among the most isolated from human activities in the world. The aim of this work was to study the bio-ecological factors influencing levels of chemical bioaccumulation in Kergueln salmonids tissue (brown trout, Salmo trutta and brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis) and their potential toxic effects. Our work demonstrated that the hepatic and muscular Cu and Cd levels, and also, the muscular PCB levels were hight and similar to those of salmonids from impacted areas. Moreover, differences in contamination according to species, season and morphotype (lake, river and base) were noted. Histological analysis of trouts livers showed clear damage of liver (fibrosis, infiltration of immune cells, development centers mélanomacrophagiques) and of hepatocytes (necrosis, nuclear alteration) in all studied fish traducing an important level of stress consistently with the high concentration of toxicant in this organ. On the other hand, antioxidant defenses biomarkers revealed differences between the studied morphotypes. Moreover, analysis of serum lysozyme activity showed that these salmonids were characterized by reduced immune competences. Kerguelen Islands constitute a workshop site for ecotoxicological studies. The long-term monitoring should improve the knowledge of changes in eco-physiological responses of freshwater fish populations dealing with the global chemical pressure
Guimarães, Gregório Corrêa [UNESP]. "Origem, ramificação e distribuição fascicular do nervo radial no braço do gato doméstico (Felis catus domesticus, Linnaeus, 1758)". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89071.
Pełny tekst źródłaFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Estudou-se a origem, a distribuição e a ramificação do nervo radial de 35 gatos domésticos adultos, 17 machos e 18 fêmeas, sem raça definida, mediante dissecações macro e mesoscópicas, após a fixação dos espécimes em solução aquosa de formaldeído a 10 %, e também realizou-se o exame histológico do referido nervo. O nervo radial mostrou-se polifasciculado desde sua origem até a divisão em ramos superficial e profundo. Originou-se do C6 ao T1 em 30 % dos exemplares e do C7 ao T1 em 70 % dos exemplares. Cedeu ramos musculares em todos os animais para os músculos tensor da fáscia antebraquial, tríceps braquial (cabeças longa, acessória, medial e lateral) e ancôneo, emitindo de 14 a 25 ramos nervosos nesta região. O ramo ventral do sexto nervo espinhal cervical difere significativamente (p<0,05) quando confrontado o sexo dos animais, além dos fascículos nervosos, de acordo com a região estudada. A estrutura histológica do nervo radial exibe três tecidos conjuntivos de sustentação. O epineuro é formado por tecido conjuntivo denso modelado e não modelado, e também por conjuntivo frouxo. Do epineuro partem septos epineurais, constituídos por conjuntivo denso não modelado e frouxo, rico em células adiposas. O perineuro reveste grupo de feixes nervosos formando os fascículos, possuindo de duas a quinze células justapostas concêntricas com núcleo fusiforme, citoplasma fino e alongado, diferenciando duas camadas, uma externa e outra interna. O espaço interlaminar da camada externa é preenchido por fibrilas colágenas e o da camada interna por fibrilas colágenas e reticulares. O endoneuro é constituído por tecido conjuntivo frouxo que circunda axônios predominantemente mielinizados, apresentando fibras colágenas e reticulares.
The origin, distribution and ramification of the radial nerve was studied in thirty-five(35) adult unknown domestic cats from both sexes(18 females and 17 males). The samples were fixed in 10 % formaldehyde solution. There were made macroscopical and mesoscopical dissections and a histological examination of the radial nerve. The radial nerve revealed itself polifasciculated from its origin until his division in superficial branch and deep branch. In 30 % of the samples the radial nerve starts from the C6 until the T1 and from the C7 until the T1 in 70 % of the samples. In all animals studied the radial nerve lends muscular branches to the m. tensor fasciae antebrachii, to the m. triceps brachii (long head, accessory head, medial head and lateral head) and the m. anconeus, emitting from 14 to 25 nervous branches in this region. Besides, according to the studied region, the nervous fascicules and the ventral branch of the sixth cervical spinal nerve differs significantly (p<0.05) between males and females. The histological structure of the radial nerve has three conjunctive tissues for sustentation. The epineurium is formed by dense modeled conjunctive tissue and by dense non-modeled conjunctive tissue and also by loose conjunctive tissue. Epineural septum break up from the epineurium. They are rich in adipose cells and are formed by dense non-modeled conjunctive tissue and by loose conjunctive tissue. The perineurium revests a group of nervous bundles. The perineurium has from two to fifteen juxtaposed cells. These cells are concentric and they have a fusiform nucleus, a thin and prolonged cytoplasm that is divided in two layers-an external and an internal. The interlaminar space is filled by collagen fibers in the external layer and by collagen and reticular fibers in the internal layer. The endoneurium is formed by loose conjunctive tissue that embraces predominantly myelinated axons...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Lima, Magda Laiara Bezerra de. "OrganogÃnese in vitro em Jatropha curcas L". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9729.
Pełny tekst źródłaO pinhÃo manso (Jatropha curcas L.) à considerado uma fonte potencial para a produÃÃo de biocombustÃveis, tendo por base a alta produtividade e qualidade do Ãleo extraÃdo de suas sementes. Entretanto, seu uso à inviabilizado para alimentaÃÃo humana e animal devido à presenÃa de fatores antinuticionais como a curcina e, em especial, os Ãsteres de forbol. A utilizaÃÃo de ferramentas biotecnolÃgicas, como a cultura de tecidos, pode vir a minimizar ou solucionar essas limitaÃÃes. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desse trabalho foi propagar in vitro plantas inteiras via cultivo de Ãpices caulinares obtidos a partir de sementes de pinhÃo manso germinadas in vivo e in vitro; determinar a reprodutibilidade de um protocolo de regeneraÃÃo disponÃvel na literatura e definir, atravÃs de estudos histolÃgicos, a origem da planta regenerada in vitro. Para a propagaÃÃo in vitro utilizou-se Ãpices caulinares, como explantes, que foram colocados em meio MS suplementado com as citocininas BAP (6-benzilaminoprina), KIN (cinetina) e 2-iP (2-isopenteniladenina) na concentraÃÃo de 2,0 mg.L-1. O BAP apresentou os melhores resultados no desenvolvimento dos Ãpices caulinares. Este e a giberelina foram utilizados juntos no mesmo meio ou separados, para a induÃÃo do alongamento dos mesmos. O Ãcido indol-3-butirÃco (AIB) foi usado para o enraizamento. A suplementaÃÃo do meio de cultura com BAP foi eficiente no desenvolvimento dos Ãpices caulinares e o alongamento apresentou Ãxito com o uso do GA3 individualmente. O enraizamento com o AIB foi conseguido. A fim de determinar a reprodutibilidade do protocolo de organogÃnese, cotilÃdones de sementes de pinhÃo manso germinadas in vitro foram colocados em meio MS suplementado com BAP e AIB para a induÃÃo da formaÃÃo de partes aÃreas, estas foram alongadas com BAP e enraizadas com AIB. AlÃm disso, os explantes cotiledonares foram colocados com a face abaxial e adaxial em contato com o meio de cultivo a fim de estabelecer a melhor posiÃÃo do mesmo na regeneraÃÃo in vitro. Plantas inteiras de J. curcas L. foram obtidas a partir da utilizaÃÃo do protocolo testado. A melhor posiÃÃo do segmento cotiledonar foi a face adaxial em contato com o meio, onde 56% dos explantes formaram partes aÃreas. A anÃlise histolÃgica foi feita com a coleta de explantes cotiledonares em intervalos sequenciais de 0, 5, 10, 15 e 25 dias de permanÃncia do meio de regeneraÃÃo. O estudo anatÃmico possibilitou o acompanhamento da organogÃnese do pinhÃo manso, no qual cÃlulas parenquimÃticas prÃximas à regiÃo adaxial do explante cotiledonar se dividiram e formaram as partes aÃreas. Os dados obtidos nesse trabalho mostraram que ambos os protocolos utilizados, a partir de Ãpices caulinares e de explantes cotiledonares, foram eficientes no processo de regeneraÃÃo; as anÃlises histolÃgicas sugerem que a regeneraÃÃo ocorre via organogÃnese direta e possivelmente apresenta origem multicelular.
The physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) is considered a potential source for the biofuel production, because of its high productivity and oil quality extracted from the seeds. However, its use is unfeasible for human and animal food due to antinutritional factors like the curcin protein and specially the secondary metabolites â phorbol esters. The application of biotechnological tools, like tissue culture, can be used to overcome these limitations. In this context, the aim of this work was to propagate whole plants in vitro using shoot cultures obtained from physic nut seeds germinated in vitro and in vivo; to determine the reproducibility of a regeneration protocol available in the literature, and to define through histological studies, the origin of the regenerated plant in vitro. For the in vitro propagation, shoots were used as explants sources, which were placed on MS medium supplemented with the cytokinins BAP (6- benzylaminopurine), KIN (kinetin) e 2-iP (2- isopentenyl adenine), 2,0 mg.L-1. BAP showed the best results in the development of the shoots. This regulator was used alone or in association with gyberelins for the elongation of the shoots. The indole-3-butyric-acid was used for the rooting. The supplementation of the medium culture with BAP was efficient in the development of the shoots and the elongation was superior with the use of GA3 alone. The rooting was achieved with AIB. To determine the reproducibility of an organogenesis protocol, cotyledons from physic nut seeds germinated in vitro were placed on MS medium supplemented with BAP and AIB for the promotion of aerial which were elongated with BAP and rooting with AIB. The cotyledonary explants were placed with the abaxial and adaxial face in contact with the medium to establish the best position of it in the in vitro regeneration. Whole plants of J. curcas L. were obtained using the protocol tested. The best position of the cotyledonar segment was the adaxial face in contact with the medium, where 56% of the explants formed shoots. The histological analysis was made with cotyledonary explants collected in sequential intervals of 0, 5, 10, 15 e 25 days of permanency in the regeneration medium. The anatomical study allowed the accompaniment of the organogenesis in physic nut, where parenchymal cells next to the adaxial region of the cotyledonar explants were divided and formed the shoots. The data obtained from this work showed that both protocols used, from shoots tips and cotyledonar explants, were efficient in the regeneration process; the histological analysis suggests that regeneration occurs via direct organogenesis and possibly presents multicellular origin.
Tessaro, Lucelia [UNESP]. "Biologia reprodutiva de surubins do Iguaçu, Steindachneridion melanodermatum, em condições de cativeiro". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132160.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Entender a dinâmica e os eventos reprodutivos de cada espécie é essencial para o controle e melhoria da reprodução em cativeiro. O surubim do Iguaçu faz parte um programa de repovoamento do rio Iguaçu e suas proles provêm de reprodução induzida, porém aspectos básicos de sua biologia reprodutiva, como idade em que acontece o primeiro ciclo de reprodução e os meses que representam o período reprodutivo, são desconhecidos ou pouco explorados. O trabalho foi conduzido a fim de levantar informações a respeito do desenvolvimento reprodutivo da espécie, em uma população de cativeiro. Foram utilizados peixes juvenis (n≈154), machos e fêmeas, a partir de um ano de idade que foram acompanhados, mensalmente, durante 24 e 36 meses, respectivamente. Foram avaliados parâmetros referentes ao desenvolvimento gonadal, alterações celulares e flutuação de esteroides sexuais (estradiol e testosterona) ao longo do tempo. Nas condições do experimento, os animais apresentaram crescimento corporal e ganho de peso gradual. Fêmeas apresentaram desenvolvimento sexual tardio e permaneceram imaturas até 48 meses (4 anos de idade). Observou-se o desenvolvimento celular e alteração nos níveis de esteroides, que acompanharam os picos verificados para os machos. Os machos apresentaram ciclo reprodutivo do primeiro para o segundo ano de vida e todas as fases reprodutivas foram observadas. O padrão de desenvolvimento gonadal, aliado às modificações celulares e flutuação de esteroides indica o período reprodutivo dos machos nos meses de setembro a novembro (primavera)
Understand events and reproductive dynamics is essential for the appropriate management and control of reproductive function in captivity. The species, ―surubim do Iguaçu‖ is include in Iguaçu river reintroduction programs and offspring's were obtain by induce spawning, but reproductive biology aspects, as first maturation age and reproductive season are lower explored or no available. The research was realized to provide information about surubim's reproductive development, in captive conditions. Were evaluated juvenile individuals, with one year old, every month due 24 and 36 months, to male and female, respectively. Were evaluated gonad developments, cell modifications and steroids fluctuations (estradiol and testosterone), during all experimental time. The fish showed gradative growth and weight gain. Female present slow sexual development and stay in immature status after 48 months (4 years age). Cellular modifications and steroids elevation levels were verified, and peaked of steroids occur in same time of male peaked. Male showed reproductive cycle with two years old and all reproductive phases of were observed. The gonadal development with to cellular changes and steroids fluctuation indicates the breeding season the males in the months from September to November (spring)
FAPESP: 2012/01824-4
Tessaro, Lucelia. "Biologia reprodutiva de surubins do Iguaçu, Steindachneridion melanodermatum, em condições de cativeiro /". Jaboticabal, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132160.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoorientador: Robie Allan Bombardelli
Banca: Evoy Zaniboni Filho
Banca: Hugo Pereira Godinho
Banca: Sérgio Ricardo Batlouni
Banca: Laura Satiko Okada Nakaghi
Resumo: Entender a dinâmica e os eventos reprodutivos de cada espécie é essencial para o controle e melhoria da reprodução em cativeiro. O surubim do Iguaçu faz parte um programa de repovoamento do rio Iguaçu e suas proles provêm de reprodução induzida, porém aspectos básicos de sua biologia reprodutiva, como idade em que acontece o primeiro ciclo de reprodução e os meses que representam o período reprodutivo, são desconhecidos ou pouco explorados. O trabalho foi conduzido a fim de levantar informações a respeito do desenvolvimento reprodutivo da espécie, em uma população de cativeiro. Foram utilizados peixes juvenis (n≈154), machos e fêmeas, a partir de um ano de idade que foram acompanhados, mensalmente, durante 24 e 36 meses, respectivamente. Foram avaliados parâmetros referentes ao desenvolvimento gonadal, alterações celulares e flutuação de esteroides sexuais (estradiol e testosterona) ao longo do tempo. Nas condições do experimento, os animais apresentaram crescimento corporal e ganho de peso gradual. Fêmeas apresentaram desenvolvimento sexual tardio e permaneceram imaturas até 48 meses (4 anos de idade). Observou-se o desenvolvimento celular e alteração nos níveis de esteroides, que acompanharam os picos verificados para os machos. Os machos apresentaram ciclo reprodutivo do primeiro para o segundo ano de vida e todas as fases reprodutivas foram observadas. O padrão de desenvolvimento gonadal, aliado às modificações celulares e flutuação de esteroides indica o período reprodutivo dos machos nos meses de setembro a novembro (primavera)
Abstract: Understand events and reproductive dynamics is essential for the appropriate management and control of reproductive function in captivity. The species, ―surubim do Iguaçu‖ is include in Iguaçu river reintroduction programs and offspring's were obtain by induce spawning, but reproductive biology aspects, as first maturation age and reproductive season are lower explored or no available. The research was realized to provide information about surubim's reproductive development, in captive conditions. Were evaluated juvenile individuals, with one year old, every month due 24 and 36 months, to male and female, respectively. Were evaluated gonad developments, cell modifications and steroids fluctuations (estradiol and testosterone), during all experimental time. The fish showed gradative growth and weight gain. Female present slow sexual development and stay in immature status after 48 months (4 years age). Cellular modifications and steroids elevation levels were verified, and peaked of steroids occur in same time of male peaked. Male showed reproductive cycle with two years old and all reproductive phases of were observed. The gonadal development with to cellular changes and steroids fluctuation indicates the breeding season the males in the months from September to November (spring)
Doutor
Macedo, Mirian Helena Hoeschl Abreu. "Atipias de significado indeterminado em células escamosas cervicais e diagnósticos histológicos na Secretaria de Estado de Saúde do Distrito Federal /". Botucatu, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99211.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoorientador: Isis Maria Quesado Soares Magalhães
Banca: Walquiria Quida Salles Pereira Primo
Banca: Paulo Sérgio França
Resumo: O presente estudo avaliou 99 pacientes com diagnóstico colpocitológico de células escamosas atípicas de significado indeterminado (ASC), no Distrito Federal (DF). No ano do estudo, foram realizadas 101.948 colpocitologias oncóticas (CO) na rede de saúde publica do DF. Destas, 1.454 correspondiam a células escamosas atípicas de significado indeterminado, possivelmente não neoplásicas (ASC-US) e 324 a células escamosas atípicas de significado indeterminado, quando não se pode excluir lesão intraepitelial de alto grau (ASC-H). Foram incluídas no estudo 99 pacientes com citologias de interesse, e realizadas biópsias de colo uterino cujos resultados histológicos revelaram 77 normais e 22 alterados com neoplasia intraepitelial de grau moderado ou maior (NIC2+), e colhidas novas colpocitologias. As novas colpocitologias foram analisadas na central de Citopatologia do DF, as colposcopias foram realizadas por um único observador, e os estudos histológicos por um mesmo patologista. Foram feitas 99 biópsias com os seguintes resultados: 77 normais e 22 com alterações evidenciando neoplasia intraepitelial de alto grau. Entre as colpocitologias iniciais com diagnóstico de ASC-H 50% apresentaram NIC2+ à histologia. A colposcopia mostrou sensibilidade e especificidade de 63,6% e 87,0% (IC 95%), respectivamente. Os valores preditivos positivos foram 6,66%, 26,30% e 9,09% (IC de 95% ) para a primeira colpocitologia, para a segunda colpocitologia e colposcopia. Os valores preditivos negativos foram, para os mesmos métodos diagnósticos 98,74%, 98,43% e 99,15%. Os fatores associados a presença de lesão NIC2+ foram tabagismo, estado civil, número de parceiros, uso de anticoncepcional hormonal, e início da vida sexual ativa entre 13 e 16 anos. Os resultados histológicos de ASC, tanto ASC-US como ASC-H... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The current study evaluated 99 patients diagnosed with vaginal smear atypical squamous cells (ASC) of underdetermined significance in the Federal District (FD). During the year of studies, 101,948 oncotic colpocytologies (OC) were undertaken in public service in the FD. Of these, 1,454 corresponded to atypical squamous cells of underdetermined significance, possible non-neoplasia (ASC-US), and 324 corresponded to atypical squamous cells of underdetermined significance when high grade intraepithelial neoplasia cannot be excluded (ASC-H). Patients with cytology interest were called. 99 biopsies were undertaken whose histological results revealed 77 normal and 22 altered with moderate or higher grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (NIC2+) and a new colpocytology was taken. The new colpocytologies were analyzed at the Cytology Central of the FD, the colposcopies and hystologies were carried out by a single observer, but different. Ninety-nine biopsies were done with the following results: 77 normal and 22 with changes showing high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (NIC2+). Among the initial colpocytology with a diagnosis of ASC-H, 50% showed NIC2+ at histology. Colposcopy showed a sensitivity and specificity of 63.6% and 87.0% (95%), respectively. Positive predictive values were 6.66%, 26.30% and 9.09% (IC of 95%) for the first colpocytology, for the second colpocytology and colposcopy. The negative predictive values were, for the same diagnostic methods 98.74%, 98.43% and 99.15%. Factors associated with lesion NIC2+ were smoking, marital status, number of partners, use of hormonal contraceptive and beginning of sexual activity between 13 and 16 years old. The histological results both of ASC-US, and ASC-H comprise a wide variety of diagnoses ranging from normal to severe lesions as carcinomas. This finding... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Chedid, Renata Alari. "Estudo morfológico e histoquímico do tubo digestivo de eleuteroembriões e larvas de Leporinus obtusidens (Valenciennes, 1836) /". Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86661.
Pełny tekst źródłaBanca: Maíra Aparecida Stefanini
Banca: Bruno Cesar Schimming
Resumo: Leporinus obtusidens apresenta características zootécnicas interessantes e promissoras para o cultivo em piscicultura. Na maioria das espécies cultivadas, as larvas, ao iniciarem a alimentação exógena, são organismos cujo desenvolvimento ainda não se completou, razão pela qual os órgãos digestivos não estão totalmente definidos e o conteúdo enzimático ainda é deficiente. As pesquisas com larvas de peixes apontam para a alimentação como o fator de maior importância a ser considerado durante o desenvolvimento inicial, pois os organismos estão na fase de diferenciação estrutural e funcional do sistema digestório. Assim o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as características histológicas e histoquímicas do tudo digestivo de Leporinus obtusidens nas fases iniciais do desenvolvimento. As amostras foram fixadas em solução de Karnovsky e processadas para análises histológicas e histoquímicas. A eclosão dos eleuteroembriões de L. obtusidens ocorreu às 15 horas após a fertilização (28°C) e as reservas de vitelo foram observadas até 120 horas após a eclosão (HAE). A boca sofreu modificações na posição, passando de ventral para subterminal. Com relação ao esôfago, foi possível observar as primeiras células caliciformes com 48 HAE e a partir de 64 HAE intensa positividade ao PAS e ao AB. A partir de 30 HAE foi possível observar o primórdio do estômago, caracterizado pela substituição do epitélio esofágico estratificado por epitélio gástrico simples, com presença de poucas células caliciformes. Com 96 HAE foi observada intensa reação ao PAS no epitélio de revestimento do estômago, o que indica funcionalidade do órgão. Quanto ao intestino, foi observado um desenvolvimento lento, as primeiras células caliciformes foram observadas com 96 HAE. Os cecos pilóricos foram evidenciados... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Leporinus obtusidens husbandry has characteristics very interesting and promising for cultivation in aquaculture programs. Most of the cultivated species, the larvae begin to feed exogenously, are organisms whose metamorphosis is not complete, which is why the digestive organs are not fully defined and the enzyme content is still deficient. The studies with fish larvae feeding point to as the most important factor to be considered during early development, because the organisms are in the process of structural and functional differentiation of the digestive system. Thus the objective of this study was to analyze the histological and histochemical features of digestive L. obtusidens in all stages of development. Samples were collected in the Hydrobiology and Aquaculture Station of Companhia Energetica de São Paulo (CESP) Jupiá, SP. The samples were fixed in Karnovsky solution, processed for histological and immunohistochemical analysis. The outbreak of eleuteroembryo L. obtusidens occurred approximately 15 hours after fertilization (28 ° C) and the yolk reserves were observed up to 120 HAE. The mouth has undergone successive changes during development, the ventral position to the subterminal position. With regard to the esophagus, it was possible to observe the first goblet cells with 48 HAE and and starting at 64 HAE intense positivity to PAS and AB. From 30 HAE was possible to observe the beginnings of the stomach, characterized only by the substitution of an esophageal epithelium stratified by gastric epithelium simple with cuboidal cells, with little presence of goblet cells. Was observed with 96 HAE intense reaction to PAS in the epithelium lining of the stomach, indicating functionality of the organ. As the intestine, we observed a slow development, the first goblet cells were observed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Lee, Eva. "Site-specific differences in histology and causation of melanoma /". [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18935.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaBarrett, Stephanie. "The function, histology and classification of selected prioniodontid conodonts". Thesis, University of Leicester, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30441.
Pełny tekst źródłaPowell, John Wellington. "Multiple Stain Histology of Skeletal Fractures: Healing and Microtaphonomy". Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5835.
Pełny tekst źródłaWintrich, Tanja [Verfasser]. "The plesiosaur: remarkable morphology, histology, and physiology / Tanja Wintrich". Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1218301511/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaFonsêca, Vitor Cortizo da. "Estudo morfométrico da retina de ratos expostos agudamente à fumaça de cigarro". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5149/tde-17102014-101523/.
Pełny tekst źródłaObjective: To evaluate morphometric alterations of the retina, from rats acutely exposed do cigarette smoking. Methods: In an experimental, prospective, masked study with 24 male Wistar rats (8 weeks old), half of them were exposed during two hours continually to cigarette smoking inside an intoxicating chamber, while the other half exposed to compressed air. The smoke was aspirated directly from cigarette, using a venturi system, and conducted to the chamber. The carbon monoxide concentration was constantly kept in between 45 to 55 parts per million, electronically monitored inside de chamber. The rats were sacrificed immediately after the inhalation, 24 and 48 hours after exposition. The eyes were enucleated and analyzed trough morphometry, in an optical microscope, by a masked examiner. Results: It was identified regions of the retina in the experimental group that suffered a reduction in the morphometric estimates, comparing to control group, with statistical significance, corresponding to the photoreceptor layer, the inner nuclear and inner plexiform layers, 48 hours after exposure. Comparing the exposed groups between themselves, there was a progressive reduction in the morphometric estimates of retinal layers after an increase in time between finishing the exposure and sacrifice, with statistical significance in inner nuclear layer. Conclusion: The retina of rats acutely exposed to cigarette smoke suffered a reduction in the morphometric estimates, with a tendency to progressive reduction in the estimates during the initial 48 hours after exposure
Poggiani, Franco Metzker [UNESP]. "Análise do sistema respiratório dos suínos por radiografia, broncoscopia e toracoscopia". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88985.
Pełny tekst źródłaFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
A utilização de novas técnicas complementares de imagem no auxílio diagnóstico das afecções respiratórias é fundamental à rotina clínica. As técnicas de endoscopia e vídeocirurgia são comuns em medicina humana, mas pouco empregadas na medicina veterinária. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal correlacionar os padrões pulmonares ilustrados em projeções radiográficas com as observações obtidas por meio da broncoscopia, toracoscopia, citologia e histologia de estruturas respiratórias de suínos. Secundariamente, relacionar os valores do peso, temperatura e do hemograma observados antes e após os procedimentos cirúrgicos. Foram utilizados 40 suínos da raça Landrace, machos ou fêmeas, com idade entre quatro a seis semanas. Os animais foram alocados em dois grupos denominados de grupo controle (Gc) e grupo doente (Gd). As mensurações do peso e temperatura e as colheitas de sangue foram realizadas em momentos pré-determinados. As imagens radiográficas, broncoscópicas e toracoscópicas foram categorizadas em escores de acordo com a severidade das lesões pulmonares. A análise estatística dos resultados permitiu estabelecer diversas correlações positivas e negativas entre as imagens radiográficas, broncoscópicas e toracoscópicas. A histologia e citologia possibilitaram caracterizar as alterações pulmonares. Logo, a radiografia deve ser utilizada na triagem de lesões pulmonares a serem investigadas por meio da broncoscopia e toracoscopia, visto que estes procedimentos permitiram a aquisição de imagens e fragmentos pulmonares para o exame histológico e não interferiram nos parâmetros fisiológicos dos suínos
Using of new complementary image techniques is important in diagnostic approach of respiratory diseases during clinical routine. Endoscopic and videosurgery techniques are commonly used in human medicine, however, they are poorly used in veterinary medicine. The main purpose of this research was to correlate pulmonary radiographic patterns with findings obtained by bronchoscopy, thoracoscopy, cytology and histology of the respiratory structures of swine. Moreover, correlate values of body weight, body temperature and blood count cells before and after surgery and anesthesia procedures. A total of 40 Landrace pigs, males or females, from 4 to 6 weeks were used. Animals were divided into two groups: control group (Gc) and sick group (Gd). Body weight, body temperature and blood samples were taken before and after surgery procedure. The radiographic, bronchoscopic and thoracoscopic images were categorized in scores, according to the severity of the observed lung lesions. Bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy provide better details of pulmonary lesions, mainly in the group of sick animals (Gd). Based on statistical analysis, it was possible to stablish positive and negative correlations among radiographic, bronchoscopic and thoracoscopic findings. Histological and cytological alterations were useful to evaluate pulmonary changes related. Therefore, radiography should be used as a screening method to identify pulmonary lesions to be investigated by bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy, since they add useful images images and lung samples for histopathological analysis and did not affect physiological parameters of pigs
Diagone, Karen Vicente [UNESP]. "Histologia e morfometria dos testículos de gatos domésticos adultos". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101120.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Neste trabalho foram analisados histológica e morfometricamente testículos de 30 gatos distribuídos em três grupos (G) com idades reprodutivas diferentes, G1 (um a dois anos), G2 (maiores de dois a quatro anos) e G3 (maiores de quatro a seis anos), sem raça definida, e desprovidos de doenças reprodutivas. Após a orquiectomia, a gônada direita foi lavada em água corrente e fixada em solução Bouin durante 24 horas e processada rotineiramente para a inclusão em parafina. Foram realizados cortes semiseriados de 120 micrômetros (μm) com espessura de cinco micrômetros, corados pela Hematoxilina Eosina e fotomicrografados no aparelho Olympus Bx 50 CCD®. Os parâmetros morfométricos estudados a partir do sistema analisador de imagens (Image Pro-plus) foram as espessuras da camada albugínea (72 μm) e do epitélio seminífero (77,19 μm), perímetro (53,81; 90,57 μm) e (54,80; 101,07 μm), área (174,23; 494,55 μm2) e (176,68; 629,70 μm2), diâmetros máximo (14,94; 28,02 μm) e (14,76; 31,66 μm) e mínimo (13,25; 21,92 μm) e (13,30; 24,52 μm) e fator de forma (1,36; 1,36) e (1,39; 1,35) do núcleo e citoplasma das espermatogônias e células de Leydig respectivamente. O procedimento estatístico utilizado foi a ANOVA. Estes resultados podem ser utilizados em estudos comparativos com outros felinos, e contribuir com profissionais da área em relação a altura do epitélio seminífero e espessura da túnica albugínea e tamanho das espermatogônias e células de Leydig
It was carried out in this research histological and morphometric analyses of testes of 30 mixed breed cats distributed in three groups (G) according to their ages, G1 (1 to 2 years), G2 (> 2 to 4 years) and G3 (> 4 to 6 years) , without reproductive diseases. After the performance of the orchiectomy, the right testis of each animal was washed under running water for removal of blood excess, fixed in Bouin solution for 24 hours, submitted to routine histological processing. The blocks of all samples were cut into 5-μm thick sections and the testes were cut into five 120-μm semi-serial sections. The specimens were mounted on glass slides, stained with hematoxylin-eosin technique and the histological sections were examined and photographed under an Olympus BX50 photomicroscope. The following morphometric parameters were analyzed: thickness of the tunica albuginea (72 μm) and seminiferous epithelium (77,19 μm) of the seminiferous tubules. Nucleus and cytoplasm of type A spermatogonia and Leydig cells were also studied: perimeter (53,81; 90,57 μm) and (54,80; 101,07 μm), area (174,23; 494,55 μm2) and (176,68; 629,70 μm2), maximum diameter (14,94; 28,02 μm) and (14,76; 31,66 μm), minimum diameter (13,25; 21,92 μm) and (13,30; 24,52 μm) and roundness factor (1,36; 1,36) and (1,39; 1,35) respectively. All analyses were performed using ANOVA. These parameters could be used in comparative studies with another feline species, to improve information about the thickness of the seminiferous epithelium, tunica propria, spermatogonia and Leydig cells to help feline reproduction professionals
Toledo, Carlos Eduardo Vieira [UNESP]. "Análises estatística multivariada e filogenética dos dipnoiformes brasileiros. Comparações bióticas com o Gondwana ocidental". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103010.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Dipnoiformes não têm sido particularmente bem estudados no Brasil, devido à falta de espécimens e da aparente distribuição paleobiogeográfica limitada. A descoberta de novas localidades mudou isto. No momento foram identificados Dipnoiformes nas seguintes bacias sedimentares brasileiras: Paraná, estados de Rio Grande do Sul (Triássico), Paraná (Permiano Superior), São Paulo (Permiano Superior), Mato Grosso (Devoniano); Bauru, Estado de São Paulo (Cretáceo Superior); Parnaíba, Estado do Maranhão (Permiano Inferior); Araripe, Estado de Ceará (Jurássico Superior/Cretáceo Inferior); São Luís-Grajaú, Estado do Maranhão (Cretáceo médio); Acre, Estado do Acre (Mioceno superior/Plioceno inferior). As maiores diversidades de Dipnoiformes são encontradas nas bacias de Paraná e São Luís-Grajaú. As espécies até o momento identificadas no Brasil são Neoceratodus sp., Ceratodus africanus, Asiatoceratodus tiguidiensis, Protopterus humei, Lepidosiren megalos e o Gênero Archaeoceratodus. Muitas destas espécies são encontradas no continente Africano e outras semelhantes na Austrália, evidenciando a troca faunística que ocorreu no Gondwana durante Paleozóico e Mesozóico. A Análise Estatística Multivariada foi utilizada como uma ferramenta para auxiliar na classificação de fósseis. Seu objetivo foi propor uma classificação para o material ainda não descrito formalmente, com base na grande variação morfológica observada nos espécimens, simultaneamente levando-se em conta as diversas variáveis morfométricas dos fósseis. A Análise Histológica corroborou a Análise Estatística, evidenciando a observação de dois conjuntos de placas, o primeiro relacionado às famílias Ceratodontidae e Neoceratodontidae, o segundo a Família Gnarthorizidae...
Dipnoiformes have not been very well studied in Brazil, due to the lack of specimens and apparent limited paleobiogeographical distribution. The discovery of new localities has changed this scenario. To date, Dipnoiformes have been identified in the following Brazilian sedimentary basins: Paraná, in the states of Rio Grande do Sul (Lower/Middle Triassic), Paraná (Upper Permian), São Paulo (Upper Permian), and Mato Grosso (Devonian); Bauru, in the State of São Paulo (Upper Cretaceous); Parnaíba, in the State of Maranhão (Lower Permian); Araripe, in the State of Ceará (Upper Jurassic/Lower Cretaceous); São Luís-Grajaú, in the State of Maranhão (middle Cretaceous); Acre, in the State of Acre (upper Miocene/lower Pliocene). The largest Dipnoiformes diversities are found in the Paraná and São Luís-Grajaú basins. The species until now identified in Brazil are Neoceratodus sp., Ceratodus africanus, Asiatoceratodus tiguidiensis, Protopterus humei, Lepidosiren megalos and the Genus Archaeoceratodus. Many of these species are found in Africa and Australia, evidencing the faunistic changes in Gondwana during Paleozoic and Mesozoic era. The Multivariate Statistical Analysis was used as a tool to aid in the classification of the fossils. The main objective of this analysis was to propose a classification for the material not described formally, based on the great morphologic variation observed in the specimens, simultaneously taking into account the several variables morfometrics of the fossils. The Histological Analysis corroborated the Statistical Analysis, allowing the identification of two groups of dental plates, the first related to the families Ceratodontidae and Neoceratodontidae, the second to the Family Gnarthorizidae. A Phylogenetic Analysis is presented and sustained by the characteristics... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Santos, Regina de Fátima Mazaro dos. "Parâmetros biofísicos e morfométricos dos ossos, músculos e cartilagens articulares de frangos de corte saudáveis e com discondroplasia tibial /". Jaboticabal, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/134380.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoorientador: Lizandra Amoroso
Banca: Cristiane Soares da Silva Araújo
Banca: Selma de Fátima Grossi
Banca: Taís Harumi de Castro Sasahara
Banca: Mario Jefferson Quirino Louzada
Resumo: Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar morfometricamente o tecido ósseo, muscular e cartilaginoso presentes nas articulações tibiotársicas e tarsometatársicas dos membros pélvicos direito e esquerdo, bem como a avaliação macroscópica e histológicados músculos e cartilagens, além de se investigar a densidade mineral óssea e a resistência óssea, de frangos de corte normais e com discondroplasia tibial. Foram utilizados 22 frangos de corte Cobb, com 42 dias de idade, distribuídos em dois tratamentos, que consistiram em dez aves normais e doze com discondroplasia tibial. Os dados foram analisados pelo software SAS. Os resultados evidenciaram que a perda do peso corporal e do membro pélvico de aves discondroplásicas evidenciam comprometimento sistêmico dos frangos e o desuso dos membros, o que acarreta em prejuízos econômicos ao descartar as aves afetadas. As diferenças estruturais observadas pelo aumento de peso em determinados músculos em detrimento de outros mostram que existe uso excessivo de alguns músculos em aves acometidas pela discondroplasia tibial resultando em alterações na marcha dos animais. Os parâmetros de crescimento e qualidade óssea do tibiotarso e metatarso de frangos de corte são influenciados negativamente pela discondroplasia tibial, no entanto, essa enfermidade não afeta a densidade mineral óssea e a resistência óssea dessas aves.O comportamento cartilagíneo observado no presente experimento caracteriza mecanismo compensatório com maior número de condrócitos em aves acometidas pela discondroplasia tibial, evidenciando uma resposta compensatória em relação às alterações morfofisiológicas dos ossos e músculos
Abstract: This study aimed to analyze morphometric bone, muscle and cartilage tissues present in the tibiotarsus and tarsometatarsal articulation of right and left hind limbs, to perform macroscopical and histological examination of muscles and cartilage, and to investigate bone mineral density and bone strengthin normal broiler chicks presenting tibial dyschondroplasia. A total of 22 Cobb broiler chicks with 42 years of age were enrolled into two experimental groups, which consisted of 10 normal birds and 12 chicks presenting tibial dyschondroplasia. Data obtained were analyzed by SAS software. The results showed that the body weight and hindlim blosses in chicks with tibial dyschondroplasia had evident systemic involvement and disuse members, which results in economic losses due to discard of affected chicks. Structural differences observed and caused by weight gain in certain muscles showed that there was an overuse of certain muscles in birds with tibial dyschondroplasia resulting in gait disturbance in those birds. The growth, tibiotarsus and metatarsa bones quality parameters in broiler chicks are negatively influenced by tibial dyschondroplasia, however, this disease does not affect bone mineral density and bone strength of these birds. The cartilage behavior observed in this experiment characterized a compensatory mechanism involving a largest number of chondrocytes in birds affected by tibial dyschondroplasia, indicating a compensatory response in relation to morphological and physiological changes in the bones and muscles
Doutor
Fernando, Juliana Aparecida. "Estudos anatomicos e ultra-estruturais da organogenese in vitro de Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg". [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/314876.
Pełny tekst źródłaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: As células dos meristemóides são responsáveis pela expressão da via organogênica in vitro. Esses meristemóides podem ser formados no explante ou no calo originado do explante, caracterizando a organogênese direta e indireta, respectivamente. Tendo em vista que a organogênese in vitro é um pré-requisito ao desenvolvimento de estratégias de micropropagação e à transformação genética de plantas, o monitoramento histológico e ultra-estrutural das células envolvidas nesse processo de regeneração fornece subsídios para a otimização desses protocolos. Nesse contexto, a população FB ¿ 100 de Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg. foi avaliada quanto ao processo de diferenciação dos meristemóides, à fonte de explante e à adição de água de coco ao meio de cultura. Para análises dos meristemóides, explantes foliares e hipocotiledonares foram inoculados em meio de cultura MS contendo 1,0 mg L-1 de BA e 5% de água de coco. Os estudos anatômicos dos explantes hipocotiledonares mostraram que os meristemóides eram formados a partir da camada epidérmica e das subepidérmicas. Os meristemóides originaram primórdios foliares e, esporadicamente, gemas. Em geral, os meristemóides continuavam o processo de divisão originando protuberâncias. Essas protuberâncias eram constituídas pela camada epidérmica e pelas subepidérmicas meristemáticas e células centrais parenquimáticas, sendo que somente as células periféricas eram capazes de originar gemas. Nos explantes foliares, o processo era similar ao descrito para os explantes hipocotiledonares. Porém, a camada epidérmica e as subepidérmicas das protuberâncias não eram definidas e o número de gemas formadas foi significativamente inferior ao obtido utilizando-se os explantes hipocotiledonares. Portanto, as análises estruturais e as análises estatísticas confirmaram a superioridade do explante hipocotiledonar em relação ao foliar. Os explantes hipocotiledonares desenvolveram um pequeno calo na superfície seccionada do explante. As camadas periféricas desse calo formaram meristemóides que originaram primórdios foliares, gemas esporádicas ou continuaram a se dividir formando protuberâncias. No presente trabalho foi caracterizada a ultra-estrutura das células das protuberâncias formadas diretamente nos explantes hipocotiledonares e aquelas originadas no calo. Os estudos mostraram que nas células meristemáticas das protuberâncias diretas o núcleo apresentou formato circular. Por sua vez, nas protuberâncias formadas no calo, o envoltório nuclear exibia grande quantidade de poros, profundas invaginações e fragmentação nuclear, caracterizando o processo amitótico. As análises ao microscópio eletrônico de varredura dos explantes hipocotiledonares inoculados em meio MS contendo 1,0 mg L-1 de BA suplementado ou não com 5% de água de coco mostraram que as gemas e as protuberâncias obtidas em ambas condições de cultivo apresentaram as mesmas características estruturais
Abstract: Meristemoids are responsible for the in vitro organogenesis expression. They may be formed from the explant (direct organogenesis) or from callus (indirect organogenesis). Once in vitro organogenesis is a prerequisite for developing micropropagation strategies and genetic transformation in plants, the ultrastructural analysis of the cells involved in such regeneration provides basic information that optimize protocols. In this context, FB - 100 population of Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg. was evaluated as to the meristemoids differentiation, the source of explant and the coconut water supply to the culture medium. Meristemoids were analysed from leaf and hypocotyledonar explants cultured in MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 BA and 5% coconut water. The histological analyses of the hypocotyledonar explants showed that meristemoids arose from epidermal and subepidermal layers. Meristemoids originated leaf primordia and, sometimes, buds. In general, meristemoids continued dividing, forming protuberances. Such protuberances consisted of meristematic epidermal and subepidermal cells, as well as central parenchymatic cells, although only peripheral layers of the protuberances originated buds. In leaf explants, this process was similar to the processes described for hypocotyledonar explants. However, epidermal and subepidermal layers of protuberances on leaf explants were not well-defined and the number of buds originated from leaf explants was significantly smaller than the number of buds from hypocotyledonar explants. Structural and statistical evaluations confirmed that the hypocotyledonar explants were better than leaf explants. Hypocotyledonar explants developed a callus in the cut region surface. Peripheral layers of the callus formed meristemoids that gave rise to leaf primordial and buds, or continued dividing to form protuberances. This work characterized the ultrastructure of protuberance cells originated directly on the hypocotyledonar explants, as well as those originated on callus. Meristematic cells of direct protuberances showed spherical nucleus. On the other hand, in indirectly-formed protuberances the nuclear envelope showed a large number of nuclear pore complexes, deep invaginations and nuclear fragmentation characterizing the amitotic process. Analyses under scanning electron microscope of the hypocotyledonar explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 BA and either with or without 5% coconut water did not evidence structural differences between buds and protuberances. The quantitative evaluation demonstrated that coconut water was efficient to increase the number of buds
Doutorado
Biologia Vegetal
Doutor em Biologia Vegetal
Pinto, Marcelo Roberto. "Osteointegração de blendas de PLDLA/PCL : estudo in vitro e in vivo". [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263821.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Resumo: Os polímeros bioreabsorvíveis apresentam grande potencial de uso biomédico, pois são geralmente, fáceis de processar e apresentam características mecânicas semelhantes aos dos materiais biológicos, como é o caso do poli(L-ácido lático) amplamente estudado nas últimas décadas. Uma maneira de modificar as propriedades de um homopolímero para aplicações ortopédicas é a obtenção de blendas, visando melhorar suas propriedades comparando-se aos polímeros puros. Contudo, esse trabalho tem por objetivo: 1 ) avaliar a degradação in vitro das blendas de PLDLA/PCL, nas proporções 100/0, 90/10, 80/20 e 70/30 e caracterizá-las através de análises de MEV, DSC, GPC e ensaio mecânico antes e após degradação das amostras em tampão fosfato. 2) realizar o estudo in vivo. Os resultados in vitro, revelaram que até o período de 180 dias, todos os materiais estudados (PLDLA/PCL) nas composições 100/0, 90/10, 80/20 e 70/30, a partir das análises de DSC, MEV e ensaio mecânico apresentaram discretos sinais de degradação, e após o período de 180 dias todos os materiais apresentavam se degradados. Das análises realizadas, o GPC foi a mais sensível, ou seja, embora se verifique perda de massa molar, as propriedades térmicas são estáveis, o mesmo pode ser obervados nas análises de DSC. As propriedades mecânicas das blendas não apresentaram alterações significativas até 180 dias de degradação, revelando que a blenda torna-se mais elástica e menos frágil com a adição de PCL. As análises de MEV reveleram uma discreta degradação da blenda 70/30 em 180 dias e completa degradação de todas as amostras após 220 dias. A partir do estudo in vitro, escolheu-se as blendas (PLDLA/PCL) 100/0 e 70/30 para o estudo in vivo. Os resultados revelaram que o grau de organização tecidual se estabeleceu em função do período de implante. Até o período de 180 dias não houve diferença in vivo relevante entre os pinos de PLDLA puro e da blenda PLDLA/PCL (70/30). Nesse experimento os cortes histológicos revelaram ausência de células inflamatórias e reações de corpo estranho na interface óssea em períodos mais longos de implantes. Foi predominante a presença de células ósteo-progenitoras povoando a interface por tecido mineralizado ao redor dos polímeros
Abstract: Bioreabsorbable polymers present great potential in biomedical applications, because they are usually, easy to process and they present a similar biological mechanical characteristics, as it is the case of poly(L- lactic acid) very studied in the last decades. A way to modify the properties of a homopolymer for orthopedic applications is obtention of blends, aiming to improve their properties compared to the pure polymers. The aim of this study was: 1) to evaluate the in vitro degradation of PLDLA/PCL blends, in the 100/0, 90/10, 80/20 and 70/30 compositions and to characterize them by SEM, DSC, GPC analyses and mechanical properties before and after degradation process phosphate buffer. 2) to accomplish the in vivo study. The in vitro results by DSC, SEM and mechanical properties until 180 days, for all the blends, presented a discreet degradation signals, and after this period, all the materials presented degraded. GPC analyses, was the most sensitive compared with others, in other words, although loss of molar mass was verified, the thermal properties are stable. The same behavior was seen in DSC analyses. The mechanical properties of blends did not present significant modifications up to 180 days of degradation, showing that with the largest addition of PCL, the blends became more elastic and less fragile. SEM analyses showed a discreet degradation of 70/30 blends in 180 days and complete degradation process for all the blends after 220 days. Based in in vitro study the 100/0 and 70/30 blends were chosen to be implanted. The results revealed that the degree of tissue organization was function of implanted time. Until the 180 days of implantation there was not differentiates relevant in vivo between pure PLDLA and the 70/30 blends. In that experiment the histological cuts revealed absence of inflammatory cells and foreign body cells reaction in the bone interface in longer periods of implants. It was predominant the ósteo-progenitors cells populating the interface, surrounded by mineralized tissue around of polymers
Mestrado
Materiais e Processos de Fabricação
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
Rebechi, Giseli. "Avaliação da histocompatibilidade do implante de ácido glicólico/ácido lático (PLGA) na laringe de coelhos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17151/tde-17042018-141102/.
Pełny tekst źródłaIntroduction: Several laryngeal affections require the use of grafts to correct anatomical insufficiencies or multiple application of drugs to control the disease. Some bioimplants, especially those with controlled drug release properties, may be useful in the treatment of such laryngeal conditions, such as laryngeal papillomatosis. Poly (lactic acid-co-glycolic acid), PLGA, has been widely tested in intraocular and nasal cavity applications, with very promising results. However, a PLGA implant has never been assessed for its biocompatibility in laryngeal tissues. Aim: To evaluate the histological changes resulting from the application of PLGA in rabbit larynx. Materials and Methods: Groups of 7-8 rabbits were sacrificed at different postsurgical times (1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks), comparing the implanted side with PLGA and the sham-operated side. Histopathological findings were compared between the two groups at each surgical time, as was the difference compared to the non-surgically manipulated larynx. Results: PLGA implantation promoted a higher infiltration of inflammatory cells, induction of fibrosis and neovascularization until the 4th postoperative week evaluated. However, after 8 weeks of evolution, PLGA implanted hemilarynx were similar to sham-operated or even non-surgically manipulated larynx, with a complete return to baseline conditions. On the other hand, there was no difference in the amount of collagen deposition type I and III in the hemilarynx implanted with PLGA, in none of the evaluated times. Conclusion: The PLGA implant appears to be safe for intralaryngeal applications, producing inflammatory reactions in the first 4 weeks, but which are reversible within 8 weeks.
Castro, Daniel Sartorelli Marques de. "Análise das características microscópicas do tecido peri-implantar em diferentes tipos de conexão protética em implantes". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25135/tde-11102007-110419/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe microscopic characteristics of the peri-implant soft tissue around different types of prosthetic interface for implants has been evaluated by means of histological analysis, 10 patients carrying implant supported bridges has been selected on the basis of the inclusion criteria and divided in two groups, with group I formed by five patients with external hexagon interface type implants and group II formed by five patients with morse taper interface type implants. Gingival soft tissue samples that were in direct contact with prosthetic component have been collected through a surgical procedure, being a sample of each patient, all the samples had been stored in bottles containing 10% formaldehyde and sent to the laboratory for the accomplishment of the analysis. In the analysis, the degree of tissue organization, presence and intensity of the inflammation and the degree of fibrosity has been observed. The five samples of group I presented hyperplasia of the epithelium, being all classified as degree 2, all kept its integrity, being classified as preserved, none of the samples of this group presented attack of inflammatory cells to the epithelium. In the analysis of the connective tissue, four samples of this group were presented normal, without the inflammation presence, only one of the samples presented signals of inflammation, being classified as moderate one, all the samples presented its connective tissue organized, concerning the fibrosity degree, two samples had been classified as degree 3, two as degree 2 and a sample as degree 1, and a sample of this group possessed radicular cementum fragments wrapped by collagen fibers. In group II, four samples presented hyperplasia of the epithelium, being classified as degree 2, only one sample was free of hyperplasia, when the integrity of the epithelium was evaluated, three samples had been classified as preserved and two classified as disorganized, with the presence of inflammatory cells in the interior of the epithelium. Three samples of this group presented attack of inflammatory cells to the epithelium. In the analysis of the connective tissue, all the samples had been classified as organized, with four of the samples presenting signals of inflammation, with classified intensity as degree 3 in two samples and as degree 2 in others two samples, only one sample was classified free of inflammation. Russell\'s corpuscles have been found in three samples. Evaluating the fibrosity degree, three samples have been classified as degree 2 and two as degree 3, radicular cementum fragments were found in one sample of this group. In the statistics analysis statistical no significant differences were found for the variable hyperplasia, fibrosity and intensity of the inflammation when evaluated separately. When the interaction of the three variables was evaluated, also no statistical significant differences were found, having the two groups presented very close results. On the basis of the results obtained in this study, it was not possible to affirm that the present methodology allows to establish that an implantation system can provide better condition to the peri-implant soft tissue surroundings when compared with the other system.
Castro, Daniel Sartorelli Marques de. "Avaliação do direcionamento e angulação das fibras de colágeno ao redor de implantes do tipo cone morse e hexágono externo sob luz polarizada em cães". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25146/tde-12062012-145041/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis study aims to evaluate the presence and orientation of the collagen fibers around two different implant types. 42 implants were installed in seven dogs, 14 external hexagon (Osseotite - 3i, USA) and 28 cone morse (CM Titamax EX - Neodent, Brazil), all received prosthetic components, following the immediate loading protocol. After 4 months of healing, the animals were sacrificed and samples were collected and processed for histological evaluation by means of Exakt processing system. To assess the direction of collagen fibers, 10 samples from each group were evaluated in an optical microscope, under the incidence of polarized light. In the external hexagon group were found collagen fibers derived from alveolar epithelium running parallel to the implant and his prosthetic component, in some samples these fibers joined with other groups and drove to the implant threads. Were found Fibers that could be classified as perpendicular in only three samples, located below the implant platform, no insertion signals were observed on cylinder of protection or prosthetic component, just below the implant platform. Around the morse taper group samples were found groups of fibers that ran parallel to the surface of the prosthetic component toward the implant platform. In six samples of this group, were observed fibers that were classified as oblique or perpendicular, laterally distributed to the deepest region of the prosthetic component, showing signs of insertion, were no observed fibers inserting directly to the implant surface. When we look at the values corresponding to both groups, we can observe the predominance of fibers classified as parallel-oblique on group I, with 16 samples, two other samples of this group could be classified as oblique. On group III, the highest prevalence of the samples are classified as oblique, with 11 samples, five other samples of this group can be classified as oblique-perpendicular, the morse taper group showed a mean value of 70.20 degrees to the buccal and 54,73 degrees to the lingual, external hexagon group presented mean values of 19.88 degrees to Buccal and 21.92 degrees to lingual. Based on the methodology used and results, we conclude that the type of prosthetic interface appears to influence the behavior of the tissue and that the stability provided by the implants using conical interface, seems to allow the insertion of collagen fibers directly to the prosthetic component, providing better tissue stability and protection to the implants.
Paretsis, Nicole Fidalgo. "Avaliação histológica e histomorfométrica da regeneração óssea a partir da utilização de mantas ósseas à base quitosana, hidroxiapatita e colágeno como substituto ósseo em falhas ósseas induzidas em tíbias de ovinos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10137/tde-26092016-151116/.
Pełny tekst źródłaBone defects are commonly found in veterinary medicine through different disease such as trauma, especially in large animals. Frequently it is necessary to assist this tissue repair for better regeneration. Biomaterials in general are designed to this function. In order to understand the bone cells in the presence of bone substitutes, tests in vivo are essential for these studies. The quantity and quality of new tissue formation can be assessed by observation of tissue morphofunctional unit. Currently, in orthopedic studies sheep are considerated animals of choice for experimental development. Bone defects were performed experimentally in sheep and were implanted chitosan, hydroxyapatite and collagen biomaterials. After 60 days, biopsy was performed at the site of tissue repair and the new tissue formation was described, evaluated and compared by histomorphometry and electronic transmission microscopy. After hystomorfometry analysis there was no difference between control group and biomaterial group, but when compare with pre-existent tissue, the values are smaller. In descriptive analysis was observed intimate contact with biomaterial and new tissue formation suggesting biocompatibility. It observed the pattern of tissue repair in control group and biomaterial group did not differ in the architecture tissue. However, in the biomaterial group was identified presence of the biomaterial in the specimen. All these data suggest that the biomaterial study has the potential to assistant in orthopedic routine of large animals.
Barbosa, Roosevelt Passos [UNESP]. "Diferenciação gonadal em Piaractus mesopotamicus". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/131955.
Pełny tekst źródłaConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Neste estudo, foram avaliados aspectos relacionados ao desempenho zootécnico e caracterização das células germinativas de machos e fêmeas diploides (2n) e triploides (3n) de Astyanax altiparanae. O principal objetivo foi verificar a performance e a possível esterilidade em peixes 3n. No Capítulo I, o crescimento e as características da carcaça foram examinadas. Fêmeas 3n apresentam maiores valores de ácidos graxos saturados e menores de insaturados e poli-insaturados. Adicionalmente, foi verificada uma diminuição no IGS e maior crescimento. Machos triploides apresentaram IGS e crescimento similares em comparação com os machos diploides normais. No Capítulo II o objetivo foi analisar histologicamente as gônadas dos diploides e triploides, e adicionalmente, caracterizar a estrutura das espículas presentes nas nadadeiras pélvicas e anal (característica sexual secundária em machos) e alguns parâmetros seminais (motilidade, concentração e viabilidade, ultraestrutura e ploidia). Machos 3n apresentam espículas nas nadadeiras pélvicas e anal, assim como observado nos diploides. Análise histológica mostrou que fêmeas 2n apresentaram gônadas desenvolvidas com ovócitos vitelogênicos. Por outro lado, fêmeas 3n exibiram gônadas imaturas. As gônadas dos machos 2n e 3n apresentaram morfologia similar, no entanto, machos 2n exibiram maior quantidade espermatozoides. Machos 3n apresentaram menor concentração espermática, motilidade e duração da motilidade. No que se refere à viabilidade espermática, não foi observada diferença significativa (P > 0,05). Em ambas ploidias, os espermatozoides apresentaram ultraestrutura similar e mesmo número de mitocôndrias, com estruturas morfológicas características: cabeça (redonda), peça e flagelo, este com formação tubular típica (9+2). Adicionalmente, a análise de citometria de fluxo mostrou que machos triploides produzem espermatozoides aneuploides (n=1,71). Em conclusão.
In this study, aspects related with growth performance and characterization of the germ cells from diploids (2n) and triploids (3n) males and females of yellow tail tetra Astyanax altiparanae were analyzed. The principal aim was to verify the performance and sterility of 3n fish. In the Chapter I, growth and carcass traits were examined. Female 3n presented high values of saturated fatty acids in comparison with unsaturated and polyunsaturated. Additionally, decreased GSI and better growth performance was verified within triploids. Triploid males presented similar GSI and similar performance parameters in comparison with normal diploid males. In the Chapter II, the aim was to study histologically the gonads of diploids and triploids, and additionally to characterize the spines in the pelvic and anal fins (sexual secondary trait in male), and some sperm parameters (motility, concentration and viability, ultrastructure and ploidy) of 2n and 3n fishes. Triploid males presented spines in the anal fin, similarly as observed in diploids. Histological analysis showed that 2n female present developed gonads with vitelogenic oocytes. On the other hand, 3n female exhibit immature gonads. The gonads of 2n and 3n males presented similar morphology, however, 2n male presented increased amount of spermatozoa. Triploid males also presented decreased sperm concentration, motility and duration of motility. Regarding the sperm viability, no significant differences were observed (P > 0.05). In both statuses, the spermatozoa presented similar ultrastructures and same number of mitochondria, with characteristic morphological structures: head (round), midpiece and flagela, which have a typical tubular formation (9+2). Additionally, the flow cytometrycal analysis showed that 3n male produce aneuploid spermatozoa (n=1.71). In conclusion, the triploidization does not ensure sterility in males, however, 3n female (sterile) may be used for aquaculture ...
CNPq: 131296/2013-2
Menossi, Olívia Cristina Camilo [UNESP]. "Efeito do jejum sobre o desempenho zootécnico, crescimento e degradação muscular e alterações hepáticas de juvenis de pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/134050.
Pełny tekst źródłaConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
O pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus, é uma espécie de grande importância econômica no Brasil e muitos estudos sobre sua fase inicial já foram conduzidos visando viabilizar o cultivo intensivo dessa espécie. Peixes passam por períodos em jejum, tanto em condições naturais quanto nas de cultivo, ocorrendo a ativação de sistemas proteolíticos ocasionando a degradação do tecido muscular, o que implica na redução da musculatura estriada esquelética, parte mais importante do animal em termos produtivos. Assim, fazem-se necessárias pesquisas visando compreender a formação e degradação do tecido muscular, uma vez que essa é a principal parte comercializada. Nesse estudo, juvenis de pacu com 20,4 ± 0,7 mm de comprimento total e 90,3 ± 4,1 mg de peso médio foram estocados em 20 tanques de 50 L a uma densidade de 10 peixes/L. Três períodos de jejum foram avaliados: J4, J8 e J11, correspondentes a 4, 8 e 11 dias de jejum. Após este período, os peixes foram realimentados por 20 dias com náuplios de artêmia. O controle positivo (ART) foram peixes alimentados com náuplios de artêmia durante todo o período experimental. Amostras para análises biométricas, histológica do fígado e musculo esquelético e de expressão de genes que controlam o crescimento e atrofia muscular foram coletadas no final de cada período de jejum e ao final do experimento. As fibras musculares foram distribuídas nas seguintes classes de diâmetro (d = μm): Classe 10 = d ≤ 10, Classe 20 = 10
The pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus, is a species with great economic importance in Brazil and many studies on its initial phase have been conducted to enable the intensive culture of this species. Fish undergo fasting periods, both in natural conditions as in the intensive rearing, causing activation of proteolytic systems due to the breakdown of muscle tissue, which implies the reduction of the skeletal striated muscles of the animal, the edible part of fish. In this way, more research is necessary to understand the formation and breakdown of muscle tissue. In this study, juvenile pacu with 20.4 ± 0.7 mm in total length and 90.3 ± 4.1mg of average weight were stocked in 20 tanks of 50 L at a density of 10 fish/L. The fasting periods evaluated were: J4; J8 and J11, corresponding to 4, 8 and 11 days of fasting. After this period, the fish were refed for 20 days with artemia nauplii. The positive control (ART) was fish fed newly hatched artemia nauplii throughout the experimental period. Samples for growth, histological analysis of liver and muscle fibers and gene expression were collected at the end of each period of fasting and at the end of the experiment. Muscle fibers were distributed into the following diameter classes (d = μm): Class 10 = d ≤ 10, Class 20 = 10
Barbosa, Roosevelt Passos. "Diferenciação gonadal em Piaractus mesopotamicus /". Jaboticabal, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/131955.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoorientador: Rafael Yutaka Kuradomi
Banca: George Shigueki Yasui
Banca: Laura Satiko Okada
Resumo: Neste estudo, foram avaliados aspectos relacionados ao desempenho zootécnico e caracterização das células germinativas de machos e fêmeas diploides (2n) e triploides (3n) de Astyanax altiparanae. O principal objetivo foi verificar a performance e a possível esterilidade em peixes 3n. No Capítulo I, o crescimento e as características da carcaça foram examinadas. Fêmeas 3n apresentam maiores valores de ácidos graxos saturados e menores de insaturados e poli-insaturados. Adicionalmente, foi verificada uma diminuição no IGS e maior crescimento. Machos triploides apresentaram IGS e crescimento similares em comparação com os machos diploides normais. No Capítulo II o objetivo foi analisar histologicamente as gônadas dos diploides e triploides, e adicionalmente, caracterizar a estrutura das espículas presentes nas nadadeiras pélvicas e anal (característica sexual secundária em machos) e alguns parâmetros seminais (motilidade, concentração e viabilidade, ultraestrutura e ploidia). Machos 3n apresentam espículas nas nadadeiras pélvicas e anal, assim como observado nos diploides. Análise histológica mostrou que fêmeas 2n apresentaram gônadas desenvolvidas com ovócitos vitelogênicos. Por outro lado, fêmeas 3n exibiram gônadas imaturas. As gônadas dos machos 2n e 3n apresentaram morfologia similar, no entanto, machos 2n exibiram maior quantidade espermatozoides. Machos 3n apresentaram menor concentração espermática, motilidade e duração da motilidade. No que se refere à viabilidade espermática, não foi observada diferença significativa (P > 0,05). Em ambas ploidias, os espermatozoides apresentaram ultraestrutura similar e mesmo número de mitocôndrias, com estruturas morfológicas características: cabeça (redonda), peça e flagelo, este com formação tubular típica (9+2). Adicionalmente, a análise de citometria de fluxo mostrou que machos triploides produzem espermatozoides aneuploides (n=1,71). Em conclusão.
Abstract: In this study, aspects related with growth performance and characterization of the germ cells from diploids (2n) and triploids (3n) males and females of yellow tail tetra Astyanax altiparanae were analyzed. The principal aim was to verify the performance and sterility of 3n fish. In the Chapter I, growth and carcass traits were examined. Female 3n presented high values of saturated fatty acids in comparison with unsaturated and polyunsaturated. Additionally, decreased GSI and better growth performance was verified within triploids. Triploid males presented similar GSI and similar performance parameters in comparison with normal diploid males. In the Chapter II, the aim was to study histologically the gonads of diploids and triploids, and additionally to characterize the spines in the pelvic and anal fins (sexual secondary trait in male), and some sperm parameters (motility, concentration and viability, ultrastructure and ploidy) of 2n and 3n fishes. Triploid males presented spines in the anal fin, similarly as observed in diploids. Histological analysis showed that 2n female present developed gonads with vitelogenic oocytes. On the other hand, 3n female exhibit immature gonads. The gonads of 2n and 3n males presented similar morphology, however, 2n male presented increased amount of spermatozoa. Triploid males also presented decreased sperm concentration, motility and duration of motility. Regarding the sperm viability, no significant differences were observed (P > 0.05). In both statuses, the spermatozoa presented similar ultrastructures and same number of mitochondria, with characteristic morphological structures: head (round), midpiece and flagela, which have a typical tubular formation (9+2). Additionally, the flow cytometrycal analysis showed that 3n male produce aneuploid spermatozoa (n=1.71). In conclusion, the triploidization does not ensure sterility in males, however, 3n female (sterile) may be used for aquaculture ...
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