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1
Bailey, Althea. Analysing Semi-Structured Interviews to Explore Sexual Decision-Making and HIV/STI Risk Perception Among Female Sex Workers: A Grounded Theory Approach. 1 Oliver's Yard, 55 City Road, London EC1Y 1SP United Kingdom: SAGE Publications, Ltd., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781526483812.
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Márquez, Alberto. Computational Geometry: XIV Spanish Meeting on Computational Geometry, EGC 2011, Dedicated to Ferran Hurtado on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday, Alcalá de Henares, Spain, June 27-30, 2011, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.
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Gasparini, Evel. Il matriarcato slavo. Redaktorzy Marcello Garzaniti i Donatella Possamai. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-999-1.
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This book on Slavic matriarchy is the result of the studies and researches that Evel Gasparini carried out over the span of his lifetime. Intrigued by the possibility of a close link between the collective ownership of the land and the ancient agricultural-matriarchal substrate of Slav culture, Gasparini launched on the titanic enterprise of analysing the archaeological and historical sources of early Slavic civilisation. Basing himself on a concept of culture elaborated in the ethnological field, he brought to light certain contradictions in the application of the Indo-European paradigm to Slavic culture and identified a series of elements illustrating the matriarchal substrate. Exploiting an uncommon knowledge of cultural anthropology and profound linguistic competencies, in this book Gasparini maps out a complex panorama ranging from the economy to the social structure and from the religious traditions to music and dance. Out of print for some time, the book is now proposed in a new, more convenient form, complete with an appendix on Finns and Slavs – which was originally intended as another chapter in the book but was then left out – a detailed preface by Gasparini's disciple Remo Faccani, and a bibliography of the scholar's oeuvre edited by Donatella Possamai.
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Harris, Ellen T., i Ellen T. Harris. Musical and Dramatic Structure. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190271664.003.0004.
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The early sources of Dido and Aeneas differ in their overall layout. The harmonic structure of the opera provides a key to its organization in a practice based on earlier seventeenth-century models. Purcell, however, uses harmony in a more dramatic way than his models. The lack of a musical setting of the final chorus and dance indicated in the libretto at the end of Act II seems to skew the harmonic organization, but it also reflects his use of harmony as a dramatic tool. A structural analysis of the opera without these movements reveals a two-part symmetrical structure dividing the opera in half. The successive movements in the two halves are paired in musical structure while their textual opposition reflects the central conflict of the opera.
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Jaëck, Frédéric. Generality and structures in functional analysis: the influence of Stefan Banach. Redaktorzy Karine Chemla, Renaud Chorlay i David Rabouin. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198777267.013.7.
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This article examines Stefan Banach’s contributions to the field of functional analysis based on the concept of structure and the multiply-flvored expression of generality that arises in his work on linear operations. More specifically, it discusses the two stages in the process by which Banach elaborated a new framework for functional analysis where structures were bound to play an essential role. It considers whether Banach spaces, or complete normed vector spaces, were born in Banach’s first paper, the 1922 doctoral dissertation On operations on abstract spaces and their application to integral equations. It also analyzes what appears to be the core of Banach’s 1922 article and the transformation into a general setting that it represents. The main achievements of Banach’s dissertation, as well as all the essential features that bear witness to the birth of a new theory, are concentrated in the study of linear operations.
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Tenney, James. The Structure of Harmonic Series Aggregates. Redaktorzy Larry Polansky, Lauren Pratt, Robert Wannamaker i Michael Winter. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038723.003.0011.
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James Tenney discusses the structure of harmonic series aggregates and provides a detailed explanation of the genesis of his HD function. He describes, through first principles (perception, simple mathematics), what happens when “two or more compound tones are sounded simultaneously.” Using simple properties of relatively prime (reduced) ratios, the harmonic series, and least common multiples and greatest common divisors, Tenney approaches harmony in the way he had suggested some thirty years earlier: “to start if possible at the very beginning, to clear the mind of loose ends whose origins are forgotten; loose ends and means become habits.” After exploring harmonic intersection and disjunction, Tenney concludes with an analysis of harmonic distance and pitch distance.
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Quante, Michael. The Logic of Essence as Internal Reflection. Redaktor Dean Moyar. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199355228.013.12.
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The grammar of subjectivity, in particular in the form of self-consciousness, belongs to this day to the most difficult objects of philosophy. This holds in the philosophy of German idealism as well as in analytic philosophy. This grammar supplies the basic structure of all fundamental epistemological conceptions and is itself the object of various ontological interpretations. Hegel’s analysis of essence as internal reflection, which is analyzed in detail in this chapter, is one of the most rigorous analyses of this grammar of subjectivity. His conception has two main strengths: first, the approach operates at such a fundamental level that the distinction between the epistemological and the ontological dimension is itself conceived as an element of this grammar. Second, Hegel succeeds in unfolding the complexity of this grammar out of a single principle by means of a self-referential movement of the concept.
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Marmodoro, Anna. Forms and Structure in Plato's Metaphysics. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197577158.001.0001.
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This book investigates the thought of two of the most influential philosophers of antiquity, Plato and his predecessor Anaxagoras, with respect to their metaphysical accounts of objects and properties. It introduces a fresh perspective on these two thinkers’ ideas, displaying the debt of Plato’s theory to Anaxagoras’s, and principally arguing that their core metaphysical concept is overlap; overlap between properties and things in the world. Initially Plato endorses Anaxagoras’s model of constitutional overlap, and subsequently develops qualitative overlap. Overlap is the crux to our understanding of Plato’s theory of participation of objects in Forms; of his account of relatives without relations; of the role of Forms as causes; of the transcendent normativity of Forms; of the metaphysics of necessity; and of the role of the Great Kinds and of the paradeigma in the development of Plato’s thought. This book shows Plato as ground-breaking in the history of metaphysics, in different ways from those acknowledged so far, and with respect to more metaphysical questions than had been hitherto appreciated; for example, Plato’s treatment of structure as a property of things, and his introduction of the first ever account of metaphysical emergence. In addition to these results, the book makes Anaxagoras’s and Plato’s systems philosophically accessible to us, today’s philosophers, by applying conceptual tools from analytic metaphysics to the study of ancient metaphysics. In this way, the book brings Anaxagoras’s and Plato’s ideas to bear on todays’ philosophical discussions and opens up new venues of research for current philosophical discussions.
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Huckleberry, Alan, Gregg Zuckerman i Ivan Penkov. Lie Groups : Structure, Actions, and Representations: In Honor of Joseph A. Wolf on the Occasion of his 75th Birthday. Birkhäuser, 2013.
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Banchetti-Robino, Marina Paola. The Chemical Philosophy of Robert Boyle. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197502501.001.0001.
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This book examines the way in which Robert Boyle seeks to accommodate his complex chemical philosophy within the framework of a mechanistic theory of matter. More specifically, the book proposes that Boyle regards chemical qualities as properties that emerge from the mechanistic structure of chymical atoms. Within Boyle’s chemical ontology, chymical atoms are structured concretions of particles that Boyle regards as chemically elementary entities, that is, as chemical wholes that resist experimental analysis. Although this interpretation of Boyle’s chemical philosophy has already been suggested by other Boyle scholars, the present book provides a sustained philosophical argument to demonstrate that, for Boyle, chemical properties are dispositional, relational, emergent, and supervenient properties. This argument is strengthened by a detailed mereological analysis of Boylean chymical atoms that establishes the kind of theory of wholes and parts that is most consistent with his emergentist conception of chemical properties. The emergentist position that is being attributed to Boyle supports his view that chemical reactions resist direct explanation in terms of the mechanistic properties of fundamental particles, as well as his position regarding the scientific autonomy of chemistry from mechanics and physics.
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Hulten, Johan. Cyclic Sulfamides As HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors: Synthesis, X-Ray Structure Analysis and Structure-Activity Relationship (Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala ... from the Faculty of Pharmacy, 213). Uppsala Universitet, 1999.
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Darrigol, Olivier. Models, structure, and generality in Clerk Maxwell’s theory of electromagnetism. Redaktorzy Karine Chemla, Renaud Chorlay i David Rabouin. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198777267.013.12.
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This article examines the gradual development of James Clerk Maxwell’s electromagnetic theory, arguing that he aimed at general structures through his models, illustrations, formal analogies, and scientific metaphors. It also considers a few texts in which Maxwell expounds his conception of physical theories and their relation to mathematics. Following a discussion of Maxwell’s extension of an analogy invented by William Thomson in 1842, the article analyzes Maxwell’s geometrical expression of Michael Faraday’s notion of lines of force. It then revisits Maxwell’s honeycomb model that he used to obtain his system of equations and the concomitant unification of electricity, magnetism, and optics. It also explores Maxwell’s view about the Lagrangian form of the fundamental equations of a physical theory. It shows that Maxwell was guided by general structural requirements that were inspired by partial and temporary models; these requirements were systematically detailed in Maxwell’s 1873 Treatise on electricity and magnetism.
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Slaughter, Arnie D. An analysis on the image of the African American father and his impact on the African American family structure. 2002.
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Spitzer, Michael. Affective shapes and shapings of affect in Bach’s Sonata for Unaccompanied Violin No. 1 in G minor (BWV 1001). Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199351411.003.0008.
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This chapter analyses Bach’s Sonata for Unaccompanied Violin No. 1 in G minor in terms of recent theories of music and emotion. It considers how musical ‘shape’ relates to the structure of affect, conceived in the nuanced terms afforded by recent work in the psychology of discrete emotional categories. Part I is dedicated to a close reading of Bach’s opening Adagio. Analysing three levels of shape (acoustic cues, midlevel phrasing and large-scale form), the chapter compares Bach’s music both to the shape of particular emotional behaviours and to the expressive shapings of a formal model. This notion of shaping is then extended to performance styles of ‘expressiveness’ (mainstream, HIP and deviant) in three interpretations of the Adagio captured in tempo and dynamic maps. Part II analyses the whole sonata cycle in terms of ‘transformational vectors’.
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Weiss, Shira. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190684426.003.0001.
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The introductory chapter describes Joseph Albo’s biography and historical context to provide background for an analysis of his work. The structure and content of his popular Sefer ha-‘Iqqarim is discussed, as well as his philosophical influences. Criticism of Albo as an unoriginal philosopher is described in an effort to refute the scholarly consensus and argue for the philosophical ingenuity embedded within Albo’s individual homilies. The explicit objective of Albo’s Sefer ha-‘Iqqarim was to provide an explication of dogma to defend the authenticity of Judaism and create a uniform set of Jewish doctrine for his persecuted coreligionists. Albo integrates individual biblical homilies that convey theological lessons within his discussions of principles of faith which provide a vivid and accessible understanding of complex philosophical ideas. Several of Albo’s exegetical analyses focus on free choice, which emerges as a conceptual scheme throughout his work, demonstrating its significance during a period of religious coercion.
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Buchler, Michael. Licentious Harmony and Counterpoint in Porter’s “Love for Sale”. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040092.003.0011.
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No one would mistake Cole Porter's “Love for Sale” for a love song. Yet this less-than-subtle song about the world's oldest profession, from the 1930 musical The New Yorkers, confronts the nature of love and, by extension, the love song genre. Because of its daring text, it not only was banned in Boston but was considered so risqué that at the time radio stations across America refused to play it. Porter's musical setting of his infamous lyrics also deviated from the normative structures found in contemporaneous popular—and especially love—songs, and his structural departures were not simply motivated by relatively obvious concerns for text painting. This chapter attempts to unpack and understand these musical anomalies through close analyses of harmony, counterpoint, and text.
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Atack, Carol. “Cyrus appeared both great and good”. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190649890.003.0005.
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In this chapter, Atack argues that Xenophon’s depiction of the performance of kingship by Cyrus (Cyropaedia), Agesilaus (Hellenica, Agesilaus), and other kings contains an evaluative model that explores alternative techniques a ruler can use to persuade others to be ruled. By deploying frameworks of performativity and spectacle derived from Judith Butler and Guy Debord respectively, this chapter analyses these narratives of kingship and connects them to other Greek political and ethical concerns about the role of the outstanding individual within society, linking Xenophon more closely to both Plato and Aristotle as a political and ethical theorist. Yet Xenophon’s orientation toward performativity also pulls him in the direction of analysts of status and structure. In its performative aspects Xenophon’s kingship begins to look like gender, equally established through performance and with a troubled relationship to essence.
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Stein, Gabriele. John Palsgrave’s description of French word-formation. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807377.003.0007.
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The comprehensive nature of John Palsgrave’s endeavour to analyse and describe the French language in Lesclarcissement de la langue francoyse (1530) also encompasses the formation of words. Whereas Chapter 6 focused on his pioneering achievement as a grammarian and lexicographer, this chapter describes his most impressive work as a sixteenth-century lexicologist analysing the word-structures of a vernacular. The coining of words is embedded in a word class-based grammatical framework. For each word class, e.g. nouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, etc., he discusses the formative processes (derivation and composition), specifies the formal patterns (with their changes to the base), paraphrases the meaning of each formation, and then provides a good number of examples. Exceptions are also pointed out.
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Birtwistle, Andy. Meaning and Musicality. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190469894.003.0009.
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The chapter critically reappraises the work of the British experimental filmmaker John Smith, drawing on analyses of key films and interview material to explore his use of sound, music and voice. Smith’s films often engage self-reflexively with how sound creates or accepts meaning within an audiovisual context. Influenced by structural film practice of the 1960s and 1970s, and underpinned by a Brechtian concern with the politics of representation, Smith’s often humorous work both foregrounds and deconstructs the sound-image relations at work in dominant modes of cinematic representation. This analysis of Smith’s work identifies the political dynamic of the filmmaker’s use of sound, and addresses what is at stake—for both Smith and his audience—in the self-reflexive concern with audiovisual modes of representation. Examined within this context are Smith’s creative focus on the production of meaning and how this relates to aspects of musicality and abstraction in his work.
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Button, Tim, i Sean Walsh. Compactness, infinitesimals, and the reals. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790396.003.0004.
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One of the most famous philosophical applications of model theory is Robinson’s attempt to salvage infinitesimals. Infinitesimals are quantities whose absolute value is smaller than that of any given positive real number. Robinson used his non-standard analysis to formalize and vindicate the Leibnizian approach to the calculus. Against this, the historian Bos has questioned whether the infinitesimals of Robinson's non-standard analysis have the same structure as those of Leibniz. We offer a response to Bos, by building valuations into Robinson's non-standard analysis. This chapter also introduces some related discussions of independent interest (compactness, instrumentalism, and o-minimality) and contains a proof of The Compactness Theorem and Gödel’s Completeness Theorem.
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deVries, Willem A. Hegel’s Revival in Analytic Philosophy. Redaktor Dean Moyar. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199355228.013.35.
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Analytic philosophy is rediscovering Hegel. This chapter examines a particularly strong thread of new analytic Hegelianism, sometimes called ‘Pittsburgh Hegelianism’, which began with the work of Wilfrid Sellars. In trying to bring Anglo-American philosophy from its empiricist phase into a more sophisticated, corrected Kantianism, Sellars moved in substantially Hegelian directions. Sellars’s work has been extended and revised by his Pittsburgh colleagues John McDowell and Robert B. Brandom. The sociality and historicity of reason, the proper treatment of space and time, conceptual holism, inferentialism, the reality of conceptual structure, the structure of experience, and the nature of normativity are the central concerns of Pittsburgh Hegelianism.
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Wickerson, Erica. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793274.003.0007.
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The Conclusion summarizes the main tenets of the book, which, first, aims to propose a new comprehensive approach to the analysis of time in narrative that takes account both of the linguistic minutiae of a text and its overall plot structure, and that may be applied to any literary work rather than purely to those that problematize the narration of time; and second, to offer new interpretations of several of Mann’s works both in the light of temporal analysis and in terms of his engagement with literature, myth, and history. The Conclusion argues that temporal analysis opens up an empathetic sphere that offers insights into the subjective experience of others more generally. In a world where constant public presence and worldwide accessibility has become the norm, the analysis of time and literature has become ever more critical.
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Koslicki, Kathrin. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823803.003.0001.
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The Introduction briefly lays the groundwork for the main project of Form, Matter, Substance: to defend a hylomorphic analysis of concrete particular objects. According to Aristotle’s doctrine of hylomorphism, entities are in some sense compounds of matter (hulē) and form (morphē or eidos). Since Aristotle introduced this doctrine in the context of his analysis of change in Physics I, it has found wide application throughout the history of philosophy and across many different subdisciplines of philosophy. The Introduction briefly summarizes each of the chapters contained in this book and indicates how the focus of Form, Matter, Substance continues and extends the work first begun in The Structure of Objects.
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Richardson, John. Nietzsche's Values. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190098230.001.0001.
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The book gives a uniquely comprehensive philosophical analysis of Nietzsche’s thinking. It shows how this thinking has its unifying focus on values: both the past and prevailing values that his psychologies and genealogies explain and the new values that he himself creates and defends. It maps, in detail, the argumentative structure of his thinking as it bears on this central topic. It argues that his ultimate ambition is to show how we can incorporate the truth about values into our own valuing—and that he is therefore more deeply committed to truth than often supposed. The book’s chapters examine twelve key concepts, each at the heart of a network of problems and ideas. A first group of concepts (value, life, drives, affects) treats the bodily valuing he attributes to our drives and affects; a second group (human, words, nihilism, freedom) treats the valuing we carry out in our deeply flawed conception of ourselves as moral agents; the third group (the Yes, self, creating, Dionysus) projects the values he offers as the lesson of his critiques—values centered on a universal affirmation expressed in the idea of eternal return. Each chapter organizes the rich complexity of Nietzsche’s thought on its topic and works to resolve contradictions, often by showing how he treats the concepts and problems as historical. The book synthesizes these detailed analyses into a systematic picture of his thought.
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Kellner, Menachem. Maimonides' Confrontation with Mysticism. Liverpool University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781904113294.001.0001.
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This book presents Maimonides against the religious background that informed his many innovative and influential choices. The book not only analyses the thought of the great religious thinker but contextualizes it in terms of the ‘proto-kabbalistic’ Judaism that preceded him. The book shows how the Judaism that Maimonides knew had come to conceptualize the world as an enchanted universe, governed by occult affinities. It shows why Maimonides rejected this and how he went about doing it. The book argues that Maimonides' attempted reformation failed, the clearest proof of that being the success of the kabbalistic counter-reformation which his writings provoked. It shows how Maimonides rethought Judaism in different ways. It is in highlighting this and identifying Maimonides as a religious reformer that this book makes its key contribution. Maimonides created a new Judaism, ‘disenchanted’, depersonalized, and challenging; a religion that is at the same time elitist and universalist. The book's analysis also shows the deep configuration of Judaism in a new light. If Maimonides was able to reform so many aspects of rabbinic Judaism single-handedly, to enrich it by importing such dramatically different concepts, it shows that the profound structures of this religion are flexible enough to allow the emergence and success of astonishing reforms. The fact that, great as Maimonides was, he did not overcome the traditional forms of proto-kabbalism shows that the dynamic of religion is much more complex than subscribing to authorities, however widely accepted.
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Makkreel, Rudolf A. Baumgarten and Kant on Clarity, Distinctness, and the Differentiation of our Mental Powers. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198783886.003.0007.
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This chapter examines Baumgarten’s empirical psychology by comparing it with Kant’s discussion of the same material in his Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View. Through a careful analysis of both texts, Makkreel shows that while Kant clearly adopts much of the structure and terminology of his own empirical psychology directly from Baumgarten, he nevertheless reworks and reorganizes these in quite different ways. According to Makkreel, this can be explained by Kant’s removal of empirical psychology from the realm of metaphysics, and his repurposing of Baumgarten’s ideas for the sake of developing a pragmatic, and ultimately morally directed, theory for the cultivation of the mind.
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Mantie, Roger, i Gareth Dylan Smith. Grasping the Jellyfish of Music Making and Leisure. Redaktorzy Roger Mantie i Gareth Dylan Smith. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190244705.013.33.
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This chapter sets out the editors’ rationale for the book, and walks readers through the structure of this rich, multifaceted, and interdisciplinary volume. Music making as leisure has in the past and in some contexts been construed as vital to the pursuit of the good life, yet today the notion has become marginalized, and music making is frequently regarded as a dyadic domain for only professionals and consumers. Chapters include perspectives from psychology, sociology, ethnomusicology, community music making, and leisure studies in physical, online, and hybrid environments. Contributors provide rich analyses of a broad range of topics, including guitar playing, gaming, hip-hop, happiness and fulfillment, motivation, death metal, DIY and DAW (digital audio workstations), illegal raves, and reconnecting with former musician identities. Music making and leisure is a dynamic and vital framework for understanding more about the ways in which music making plays a part in the day-to-day lives of people.
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Daly, Paul. Understanding Administrative Law in the Common Law World. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192896919.001.0001.
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This book has three goals: to enhance understanding of administrative law; to guide future development of the law; and to justify the core features of the contemporary law of judicial review of administrative action. Around the common law world, the law of judicial review of administrative action has changed dramatically in recent decades, accelerating a centuries-long process of incremental evolution. This book offers a fresh framework for understanding the core features of contemporary administrative law. Through comparative analysis of case law from Australia, Canada, England, Ireland and New Zealand, Dr Daly develops an interpretive approach by reference to four values: individual self-realisation, good administration, electoral legitimacy and decisional autonomy. The interaction of this plurality of values explains the structure of the vast field of judicial review of administrative action: institutional structures, procedural fairness, substantive review, remedies, restrictions on remedies and the scope of judicial review, everything from the rule against bias to jurisdictional error to the application of judicial review principles to non-statutory bodies. Addressing this wide array of subjects in detail, Dr Daly demonstrates how his pluralist approach, with the values being employed in a complementary and balanced fashion, can enhance academics’, students’, practitioners’ and judges’ understanding of administrative law. Furthermore, this pluralist approach is capable of guiding the future development of the law of judicial review of administrative action, a point illustrated by a careful analysis of the unsettled doctrinal area of legitimate expectation. Dr Daly closes by arguing that his values-based, pluralist framework supports the legitimacy of contemporary administrative law which although sometimes called into question in fact facilitates the flourishing of individuals, of public administration and of the liberal democratic system.
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Knight, David. Coleridge and Chemical Philosophy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198799511.003.0007.
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Chapter 6 begins the section on Coleridge’s contemplative worldviews, and chronologically follows Coleridge’s lifetime fascination with medicine as its focus shifted from anatomy, the analysis of structures, towards physiology, elucidating the processes of life. He believed that all sciences should progress from a static to a dynamic worldview, making them worthy of contemplation, feeding Reason rather than just understanding. Coleridge met Humphry Davy, whose dynamical researches on laughing gas and electrochemistry delighted him. Coleridge became a critic of science as well as literature, rejoicing as Davy isolated new metals, cast light on acidity, and invented the miners’ safety lamp. But after 1820 Davy turned haughty, and Coleridge deplored chemists’ empire-building as science became a professional career; while in medicine French materialism threatened the dynamic vitalism of John Hunter that Coleridge and his host James Gillman favoured. Sadly science, once so promising, looked decreasingly suitable for his kind of philosophical contemplation.
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Mishra, Ajit, i Tridip Ray, red. Markets, Governance, and Institutions in the Process of Economic Development. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812555.001.0001.
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This book, in honour of Kaushik Basu, celebrates his contributions over the last four decades. It contains contributions by his present and past collaborators, and research students. Not only has Basu worked on several deeper abstract issues in welfare analysis and decision making, he has also addressed, both as a researcher and as a policy advisor, several policy issues such as rent control, child labour, labour laws, harassment, shared prosperity, and gender empowerment. The contributions from authors in this volume, theoretical as well as empirical, reflect this range of issues in the broader context of interactions between markets, governance, and institutions in the process of economic development. The broader roles of markets as key resource allocation mechanisms cannot be disputed. But they need suitable governance structures and institutions, working both as facilitators and as regulators. The book looks at the complex interactions between these three forces of development. The book has three parts. In Part I, contributors look at various foundational and measurement issues associated with economic development and well-being. Part II deals with the functioning (and non-functioning) of markets in the context of development, showing how we may need to move beyond the market. In Part III, the final part, contributors look at various issues related to governance and institutions in terms of their overall structure and specific designs.
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Kalligas, Paul. Second Ennead. Tłumaczy Elizabeth Key Fowden i Nicolas Pilavachi. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691154213.003.0003.
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This chapter presents the English translation of Paul Kalligas’s commentary on the second Enneads of Plotinus. The second Ennead deals with “natural philosophy, including the physical universe and subjects connected with it” (VP 24.37–39). Because Plotinus is generally thought to have had little interest in the workings of the sensible world, it is not surprising that this part of his work has attracted relatively little attention on the part of modern scholarship. However, a careful reading of its contents reveals its crucial importance for understanding his philosophy as a whole. The reason is that it includes a series of detailed studies in conceptual analysis, which may serve as a kind of toolbox for reading the rest of his work and for understanding its logical structure and architecture. And, after all, both his complex metaphysical theories and his detailed treatment of psychological issues are in the last analysis meant to provide explanations of the functioning of the world of our common, everyday experience. We thus also come to appreciate better the reasons for his conflict with the Gnostics, who refused to see the sensible world as anything but a place of depravity and corruption.
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Ishikawa, Machiko. Paradox and Representation. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501751943.001.0001.
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How can the “voiceless” voice be represented? This primary question underpins this book's analysis of selected works by Buraku writer, Nakagami Kenji (1946–1992). In spite of his Buraku background, Nakagami's privilege as a writer made it difficult for him to “hear” and “represent” those voices silenced by mainstream social structures in Japan. This “paradox of representing the silenced voice” is the key theme of the book. Gayatri Spivak theorizes the (im)possibility of representing the voice of “subalterns,” those oppressed by imperialism, patriarchy, and heteronomativity. Arguing for Burakumin as Japan's “subalterns,” the book draws on Spivak to analyze Nakagami's texts. The first half of the book revisits the theme of the transgressive Burakumin man. This section includes analysis of a seldom discussed narrative of a violent man and his silenced wife. The second half of the book focuses on the rarely heard voices of Burakumin women from the Kiyuki trilogy. Satoko, the prostitute, unknowingly commits incest with her half-brother, Akiyuki. The aged Yuki sacrifices her youth in a brothel to feed her fatherless family. The mute Moyo remains traumatized by rape. The author's close reading of Nakagami's representation of the silenced voices of these sexually stigmatized women is this book's unique contribution to Nakagami scholarship.
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Tutino, Stefania. Different Shades of Seventeenth-Century Probabilism. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190694098.003.0004.
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This chapter provides a thematic analysis of some of the most significant applications of probabilism to a number of epistemological, intellectual, political, and theological questions. It focuses on four early seventeenth-century authors, each using probabilism to advance a specific intellectual agenda: Tomás Sánchez and his effort to articulate probability as a trait d’union between conscience and law in the context of his elaboration on the doctrine on marriage; Leonardus Lessius and his attempt to use probabilism to update Catholic doctrine and especially Catholic economic thought; Juan Azor and his endeavor to structure probabilism within a stable and coherent system of knowledge; and Emmanuel Sa and his vulgarization of probabilism for the sake of confessors and other readers who did not necessarily have a deep background in, and extensive knowledge of, moral theology.
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Zahavi, Dan. Introspection and reflection. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199684830.003.0002.
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Rejecting the proposal that the aim of phenomenology is to provide refined descriptions of inner experiences, the chapter first discusses Husserl’s distinction between phenomenology and psychology. It next considers his employment of reflection, contrasts his position with that of Bergson, and outlines how Husserl operates with different concepts of reflection, and how a central task of phenomenological analysis is to account for the constitution of the object of consciousness. Phenomenological reflection does not only target experiential structures. It also investigates the object of experience, and the correlational a priori that holds between the experienced object and the different modes of givenness.
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Baron, Alan, John Hassard, Fiona Cheetham i Sudi Sharifi. Touring the Hospice. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813958.003.0007.
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This chapter continues the analysis of organizational culture at the host Hospice under ethnographic investigation. Having discussed the cultural make-up of the ‘old’ Hospice, and then glimpsed something of the ‘new’, the study now focuses on the latter to illuminate the nature of the organization as the authors interpreted it at the time the research was carried out. In so doing, the study once again returns to Schein’s three-level culture model and primarily his analytical level of organizational ‘artefacts’, as the focus for a ‘tour’ of the case study site. This sees staff and volunteers describe in depth how they make sense of the Hospice’s physical structure and symbolic meaning, an analysis which offers a fine-grained appreciation of the socio-material composition of the organization.
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Kawade, Yoshie. 15. Montesquieu. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198708926.003.0015.
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This chapter examines Montesquieu's political theory. Montesquieu's political theory, and his Spirit of the Laws in particular, has been considered a complex mosaic of varied and sometimes disparate intellectual traditions. Despite the forbidding structure of his works, important and impressive discussions of issues such as the justification of universal justice, a scientific approach to the law, a new typology of governments, a materialistic theory of climate, and the idea of a free state based on separate and balanced powers can be found there. After providing a short biography of Montesquieu, the chapter analyses his critique of despotism as well as the key themes of his mature political theory: the separation of powers, the three forms of government, the lessons of history, and the conditions of political liberty.
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Lester, Joel. Brahms's Violin Sonatas. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190087036.001.0001.
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Brahms’s Violin Sonatas: Style, Structure, and Performance is a companion volume to Joel Lester’s award-winning 1999 study Bach’s Works for Solo Violin: Style, Structure, and Performance. Using a minimum of technical language and with annotated musical examples illustrating almost every point, Brahms’s Violin Sonatas explores three masterpieces of the concert repertoire in a book designed for performers and music scholars alike. A major focus is how much can be learned by carefully reading Brahms’s artistically nuanced musical notation and by understanding Brahms’s style—especially his music’s deep connections to Classical-Era harmony, phrasing, and form while at the same time using late nineteenth-century harmonies, dissonances, and thematic evolutions, along with the contrapuntal textures that imbue all his works with a uniquely “Brahmsian” sound. The book also explores how these works relate to important events in Brahms’s life. Practical and concrete suggestions on performance arise from many of these discussions, calling performers’ and analysts’ attention to both technical and interpretive matters. The aim of the book is to inspire readers to explore their own individual approaches to Brahms’s music, balancing what they find in the music to how they balance today’s performance and interpretive styles with the ways that Brahms himself and his contemporaries might have played and experienced his creations.
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Benkler, Yochai, Robert Farris i Hal Roberts. Network Propaganda. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190923624.001.0001.
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This book examines the shape, composition, and practices of the United States political media landscape. It explores the roots of the current epistemic crisis in political communication with a focus on the remarkable 2016 U.S. president election culminating in the victory of Donald Trump and the first year of his presidency. The authors present a detailed map of the American political media landscape based on the analysis of millions of stories and social media posts, revealing a highly polarized and asymmetric media ecosystem. Detailed case studies track the emergence and propagation of disinformation in the American public sphere that took advantage of structural weaknesses in the media institutions across the political spectrum. This book describes how the conservative faction led by Steve Bannon and funded by Robert Mercer was able to inject opposition research into the mainstream media agenda that left an unsubstantiated but indelible stain of corruption on the Clinton campaign. The authors also document how Fox News deflects negative coverage of President Trump and has promoted a series of exaggerated and fabricated counter narratives to defend the president against the damaging news coming out of the Mueller investigation. Based on an analysis of the actors that sought to influence political public discourse, this book argues that the current problems of media and democracy are not the result of Russian interference, behavioral microtargeting and algorithms on social media, political clickbait, hackers, sockpuppets, or trolls, but of asymmetric media structures decades in the making. The crisis is political, not technological.
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Cheyne, Peter. Coleridge's Contemplative Philosophy. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198851806.001.0001.
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‘PHILOSOPHY, or the doctrine and discipline of ideas’ as S. T. Coleridge understood it, is the theme of this book. It considers the most vital and mature vein of Coleridge’s prose writings to be ‘the contemplation of ideas objectively, as existing powers’. A theory of ideas emerges in critical engagement with thinkers including Plato, Plotinus, Böhme, Kant, and Schelling. A commitment to the transcendence of reason, central to what Coleridge calls ‘the spiritual platonic old England’, distinguishes him from his German contemporaries. This book pursues a theory of contemplation that draws from Coleridge’s theories of imagination and the ‘Ideas of Reason’ in his published texts and extensively from his thoughts as they developed throughout published works, fragments, letters, and notebooks. He posited a hierarchy of cognition from basic sense intuition to the apprehension of scientific, ethical, and theological ideas. The structure of the book follows this thesis, beginning with sense data, moving upwards into aesthetic experience, imagination, and reason, with final chapters on formal logic and poetry that constellate the contemplation of ideas. Coleridge’s Contemplative Philosophy is not just a work of history of philosophy; it addresses a figure whose thinking is of continuing interest, arguing that contemplation of ideas and values has consequences for everyday morality and aesthetics, as well as metaphysics. The book also illuminates Coleridge’s prose by analysis of his poetry, notably the ‘Limbo’ sequence. The volume will be of interest to philosophers, intellectual historians, scholars of religion, and of literature.
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Nair, Aruna. Control of Assets in Equity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813408.003.0007.
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This chapter examines the case law governing the situations where the holder of an equitable right in some asset can claim the traceable proceeds of that asset. Analysing the trust structure as the paradigm case of a relationship that generates claims to traceable proceeds, it argues that tracing does not depend on the existence of equitable powers to deal with the beneficial interest of the beneficiary but on the trustee's legal power to deal with the trust asset and his duties not to exercise those powers except for the claimant's benefit. This structure—the claimant has the benefit of an equitable interest in respect of some asset, and another person has a legal power to deal with that asset, which he is not at liberty to exercise in some circumstances—is shown to justify tracing in a number of contexts where equitable powers are either non-existent or irrelevant.
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Teubner, Jonathan D. Prayer as Acceptance of Time. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767176.003.0004.
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Chapter 2 examines Augustine’s ‘ascents of the soul’, and how, over time, this motif shapes Augustine’s understanding of both his beliefs about and practices of prayer. Extending a line of argument that begins in Chapter 1, this chapter inspects how Augustine makes a shift in the structure of the ascent that has profound and lasting consequences: whereas in De ordine and De quantitate animae ascent is envisioned as the mind’s ascent to vision, in De vera religione the ascent is more properly characterized as the human being’s temporal journey towards the beata vita that is enticed by the truth of Scripture. De sermone Domini in monte emerges as a pivotal text for the development of Augustine’s exercitatio animi. This chapter concludes with a detailed analysis of Augustine’s commentary on the Lord’s Prayer, which is his first attempt at integrating prayer and the ‘ascent of the soul’.
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Leader-Picone, Cameron. Black and More than Black. University Press of Mississippi, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496824516.001.0001.
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This book analyzes twenty-first century African American fiction through the proliferation of post categories that arose in the new millennium. These post categories—post-black, post-racialism, post-Soul—articulate a shift away from the racial aesthetics associated with the Black Arts Movement and argue for the individual agency of Black artists over the meaning of racial identity in their work. Analyzing key works by Colson Whitehead, Alice Randall, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Paul Beatty, Jesmyn Ward, and Kiese Laymon, this book argues that twenty-first century African American fiction highlights the push and pull between claims of post-civil rights progress and the recognition of the entrenchment of structural racism. The book contextualizes this shift through the rise of, and presidency of, Barack Obama and the revision of Du Boisian double consciousness. It examines Obama through an analysis of the discourse surrounding his rise, Obama’s own writings, and his appearance as a character. The book concludes that while the claims of progress associated with Barack Obama’s presidency and the post era categories to which it was connected were overly optimistic, they represent a major shift towards an individualistic conception of racial identity that continues to resist claims of responsibility imposed on Black artists.
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Hernes, Tor. Alfred North Whitehead (1861–1947). Redaktorzy Jenny Helin, Tor Hernes, Daniel Hjorth i Robin Holt. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199669356.013.0016.
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Born in England in 1861, Alfred North Whitehead turned to philosophy after a brilliant career in mathematics, where he developed a philosophical scheme based on experience as the ultimate unit of analysis, rejecting what he called the bifurcation between mind and nature that had dominated philosophical thought. He also invoked the idea of concrete experience to connect to American pragmatism, and especially to William James’s work. This chapter first provides an overview of Whitehead’s life and times before turning to his philosophical views. It examines Whitehead’s notion of atomism and his influence on organization studies. Finally, it discusses three aspects of events that may help lay foundations for an event-based organization theory inspired by Whitehead’s philosophy: events as spatio-temporal durations, the forming of events through mirroring, and the open structures of events.
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Kauppi, Nikko. Transnational Social Fields. Redaktorzy Thomas Medvetz i Jeffrey J. Sallaz. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199357192.013.8.
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This chapter excavates Bourdieu’s theoretical insights concerning political sociology to develop a theory of transnational structuration processes. The early Bourdieu implicitly imagined the state as a nationally bounded actor. Only later in his career did he begin to grapple with issues such as globalization, transnationalism, and neoliberalism; and it is this later germ of ideas that this chapter develops. Transnational social fields, this chapter argues, are not reducible to institutional or organizational structures. They require a more holistic analysis of institutions and their underpinnings. To provide an example of how Bourdieu’s political sociology can be extended to transnational spaces, this chapter considers the case of the European Parliament.
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Greenwood, Emily. Thucydides on the Sicilian Expedition. Redaktorzy Sara Forsdyke, Edith Foster i Ryan Balot. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199340385.013.25.
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This chapter analyzes Thucydides’ account of the Athenian invasion in Sicily in Books 6 and 7 of his History, focusing on the interpretative consequences of Thucydides’ Athenian focalization and the fact that the success of his account has obscured alternative perspectives on this invasion. Particular attention is paid to the narrative patterning of the Sicilian invasion as a “double war” that runs parallel to the main, overarching war between the Athenians and the Peloponnesians. This “double war” structure, in which the war ends disastrously for the aggressors, only for them to keep on fighting the other war with renewed vigor, allows Thucydides to illustrate the open-ended unpredictability of war in real time and the constant revision of expectations on the part of those involved.
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MacBride, Fraser. The Birth of the Particular–Universal Distinction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198811251.003.0006.
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This chapter makes sense, for the first time, of G.E. Moore’s 1900–01 paper ‘Identity’, which has hitherto baffled Moore’s commentators. Based upon his reflections upon Leibniz and Kant, the chapter argues that Moore belatedly introduced the particular–universal distinction into the analytic tradition in this paper. But neither Moore’s description of the distinction nor his reasons for it fit our familiar preconceptions about particulars or universals. Crucial to the movement of Moore’s thought was his appreciation of the structural significance of relations for our ordinary ways of thinking and talking about the identity and distinctness of things.
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Buchstein, Hubertus, i Lisa Klingsporn, red. Otto Kirchheimer - Gesammelte Schriften. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845289991.
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The third of the six-volume publication on Otto Kirchheimer (1905–1965) collates all his important works on the development of criminal law, the prison system and criminology in order to facilitate comparative analysis of them. It contains a new edition of his monograph ‘Sozialstruktur und Strafvollzug’ (Punishment and Social Structure), which he wrote with Georg Rusche at the Institute for Social Research in Frankfurt, which was published in 1939 and which today is regarded as one of the fundamental works of critical criminology. Furthermore, this volume contains several of Kirchheimer’s quintessential essays, such as ‘Strafrecht im nationalsozialistischen Deutschland’ (Criminal Law in Nazi Germany), as well as reviews and as yet unpublished texts. It also includes the German translation of his work ‘Anmerkungen zur Kriminalstatistik des Nachkriegsfrankreichs’ (Notes on Crime Statistics in Post-War France), which he wrote while in exile in Paris and which has never been published in German before. The volume begins with a detailed biography of Kirchheimer’s works and will appeal to all those interested in political science, legal studies, contemporary history, criminology and sociology.
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Urrutia, Jorge, Alberto Márquez i Pedro Ramos. Computational Geometry: XIV Spanish Meeting on Computational Geometry, EGC 2011, Dedicated to Ferran Hurtado on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday, ... Springer, 2012.
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Woodward, Kerry. The Relevance of Bourdieu’s Concepts for Studying the Intersections of Poverty, Race, and Culture. Redaktorzy Thomas Medvetz i Jeffrey J. Sallaz. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199357192.013.29.
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Chapter abstract The connection between poverty and culture has long been a contentious one in the sociological literature. While distancing itself from the culture of poverty theory of the past, recent scholarship seeks to provide a deeper analysis of the relationship between structure and culture and how this relates to poverty. This chapter argues that the work of Pierre Bourdieu—and the significant body of literature that has built upon his key theories and concepts—offers many of the tools necessary to better understand the connections between poverty, race, and culture that plague the US social landscape and appear as growing problems throughout Europe as well. The chapter concludes by suggesting areas for further theoretical development and discussing a few empirical problems that may be illuminated through extensions of Bourdieu’s concepts.
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Wickerson, Erica. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793274.003.0001.
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This chapter provides an introduction to the book as a whole. It situates the approach undertaken here within the existing narratological debates on time, also discussing those specifically relating to works by Thomas Mann. The most significant way in which the approach differs from existing debates is by offering an analysis of works that do not self-consciously problematize the narration of time. Criticism on Mann’s works that deals with the question of temporality has typically focused on novels such as The Magic Mountain and Doctor Faustus. This introduction outlines the structure of the book, in which a wide variety of Mann’s novels, novellas, and short stories—most of which do not demonstrate an explicit engagement with narrative temporality—are compared to works in English and German by his influences, contemporaries, and literary successors.