Artykuły w czasopismach: „High Voltage High Pulse Power Switch”

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Yang, Jia Zhi, Fei Yang, Sheng Li Yi, Cun Bo Jiang, Xing Ming Fan i Fan Yang. "Simulative and Experimental Research of High Isolate High Voltage Pulsed Power Supply". Applied Mechanics and Materials 321-324 (czerwiec 2013): 1429–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.321-324.1429.

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A high amplitude, fast rising time, and high isolating strength trigger signal is needed for triggering spark gap switch. A high voltage power supply scheme was verified by means of simulation in this paper. Proper parameters of power supply circuit were selected according to the simulation result. Finally, a pulsed power supply was developed. The experimental results show that a negative pulse with 25 kV isolating strength and 15 kV amplitude can be generated by the power supply, and this generated negative pulse can meet the demand of triggering spark gap switch.

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Petrov, A. V., S. K. Pavlov i Y. P. Usov. "Formation of high-power, high-voltage rectangular pulses with the controlled stabilization of the pulse peak". Laser and Particle Beams 35, nr 1 (8.02.2017): 154–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034617000027.

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AbstractThe pulse shaper based on a capacitive storage device with an active switch operating on a resistive load is considered. The electrical circuit includes a capacitor with a reference voltage for the stabilization of peak of the pulse. The capacitor connected in parallel with a load via the unilateral conductive switch. A general analysis of the shaping circuit was carried out. Analytical expressions for determination of the stabilization accuracy and the stabilization duration have been obtained. The results of computer simulation of dependence of these characteristics as function of pulse parameters and shaper features are presented. The influence of short-term and abrupt change of the resistance load on the stabilization process of peak of the pulse is considered. The possibility of obtaining of pulses with a controlled stability of pulse peaks <1% for pulses with duration to 100 µs at voltages up to 20 kV and energy stored in a capacitor to 3.4 kJ is shown in prototype of the shaper.

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Baginski, Thomas A., Robert N. Dean i Steven P. Surgnier. "A New Robust One-Shot Switch for High-Power Pulse Applications". Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2011, DPC (1.01.2011): 001650–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2011dpc-wp21.

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High Voltage (HV) switches capable of operating at high speeds and over a wide range of voltages and energies are used in a variety of pulse power applications in material science and plasma physics. Of particular interest is the use of small-scale capacitor discharges to measure the electrical properties of materials as they are heated from solid through liquid to a gas phase. In a capacitive discharge unit (CDU), energy stored in a capacitor is coupled through a switch into a low-impedance transmission line, which typically terminates with a thin sample of material. The energy coupled to the sample is sufficient to cause vaporization. Voltages in such systems range from a few volts to thousands of volts. These vaporized materials are used either as plasma sources for physics experiments, or to propel a thin layer of electrically insulating polymer for high-pressure-impact studies. Several types of switches have been used to drive these systems, including triggered spark gap, dielectric breakdown, and mercury vapor switches. A wide variety of solid-state devices, such as the insulated gate bipolar transistors, are also being utilized for these applications. Inducing a high-pressure shock wave in a dielectric to produce a transition from dielectric to conductor has also been used as an efficient single-shot switch for capacitor discharges. The high-voltage micro-machined switch presented in this document has been designed as a single-use alternative to the more expensive triggered spark gaps and solid-stage devices. The plasma-bridge switch is intended for large-volume, relatively inexpensive systems, and a cost-effective switch for use in destructive testing.

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Jiang, Qiang. "The Design of 25KV High-Frequency High-Voltage Power Supply". Advanced Materials Research 912-914 (kwiecień 2014): 927–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.912-914.927.

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In this paper, a HV and HF switch power supply was designed, which was controlled through a single chip microcomputer, also the MOSFET was used as the switch power tube. The PWM (pulse width modulation) technique and half-bridge inverter topology have been used to invert AC into the DC that can be adjust from 0V~25KV and the operating frequency is 35KHz, Through the simulation with the Saber software and practical use, the feasibility of the scheme and the correctness of the design have been verified.

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Nan, Qiu, i Fan Yin Hai. "Digital Controlled High Power Mid-Frequency Pulsed Power Supply". Advanced Materials Research 108-111 (maj 2010): 1332–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.108-111.1332.

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In this article a novel scheme of high power mid-frequency pulse power supply is proposed. The supply is made up of two major stages. First stage is dual interleaved buck chopper stage in order to make the DC bus and output pulse voltage controllable. Second stage is a inverter converting the DC voltage into a series of square AC voltage pulse. IGBT module(300A-1200V) is used as the main switch device for the proposed supply is a high power application. As we know large capacity power IGBT module can hardly work as high as 40Khz[1], so to solve this problem, interleaved control scheme is incorporated. Basic ideas are to share the total switching losses. To combine several converters working under certain sequence is the key point. Final output pulse frequency is 20-40Khz,voltage level is 0-800V, and pulse width is 0-90% changeable. The whole system is concise effective. Experimental results verified the feasibility of abovementioned power supply.

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Yang, Hanwu, Zicheng Zhang, Jingming Gao, Tao Xun i Song Li. "A Repetitive Low Impedance High Power Microwave Driver". Electronics 11, nr 5 (3.03.2022): 784. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11050784.

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A low impedance high power microwave (HPM) driver is designed, which can be used in studying multi-gigawatt HPM devices such as the magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator (MILO), based on a helical pulse forming line (PFL) and the Tesla pulse transformer technology. The co-axial PFL is insulated by ethanol–water mixture, whose dielectric constant can be adjusted; and the helical line increases the output pulse width as well as the impedance to make a better match with the load. By the optimal combination of PFL charging voltage and output switch working voltage, the reliability of the PFL can be improved. The Tesla transformer has partial magnetic cores to increase the coupling coefficient and is connected like an autotransformer to increase the voltage step-up ratio. The primary capacitor of the transformer is charged by a high voltage constant current power supply and discharged by a triggered switch. A transmission line is installed between the PFL and the HPM load, to further increase the load voltage. A ceramic disk vacuum interface is used for improving the vacuum of the HPM tube. The experiments show that the driver can operate at 30 GW peak power, 75 ns pulse width and 5 Hz repetition rate.

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Baginski, Thomas A., Robert N. Dean i Ed J. Wild. "A Micromachined Robust Planar Triggered Sparkgap Switch for High Power Pulse Applications". Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2010, DPC (1.01.2010): 001869–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2010dpc-wp24.

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High voltage (HV) switches capable of operating at high speeds with high current levels are used in a variety of applications in commercial and government systems. Examples of HV switches include triggered sparkgap, dielectric breakdown, and mercury vapor switches. The triggered sparkgap switch is a three-element, gas-filled, ceramic-to-metal, hermetically sealed, pressurized switch that operates in an arc discharge mode. Triggered sparkgaps have been in use for many years, providing precision timing and activation of in-flight functions such as missile stage separation. These applications involve the activation of electro-explosive devices such as an exploding bridge-wire [EBW] or an exploding foil initiator [EFI]. This paper discusses the fabrication and characterization of a novel high voltage planar discharge switch using micromachining techniques. The switch provides a low cost alternative to conventional triggered sparkgaps. The switch is designed for direct integration into the strip-line geometries used in a conventional capacitive discharge unit (CDU). The geometry of the device was selected to minimize parasitic impedances associated with conventional firing circuits. The switch design is microfabricated on an alumina substrate utilizing a patterned electron-beam deposited metallic stack. A polyimide layer selectively deposited over the metal stack provides dielectric isolation and passivation for the switch electrodes. A similar methodology was utilized to fabricate sample EFIs for switch validation tests with insensitive secondary high explosive (HE) pellets. The discharging of the HV capacitor through the patterened bridgefoil of an EFI results in rapid vaporization of the metal stack. The high pressure gas formed by the vaporized metal accelerates the adjacent polyimide layer to high velocity. The polyimde layer then impacts the HE pellet, inducing a shock wave, which results in prompt detonation of the material. Thus, this device is a type of MEMS actuator with a very specialized use. Design, fabrication and test data are presented and discussed.

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Zhu, Bo, He Su, Zhihan Fang, Guoyan Wu i Xinlao Wei. "Development of a High-Voltage Pulsed Electric Field Sterilization Power Supply Using a New Topology Circuit". Energies 16, nr 6 (15.03.2023): 2741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16062741.

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Traditional thermal sterilization technology is easy to implement and safe, but it will destroy food nutrition and change food taste. Therefore, people began to turn their attention to non-thermal sterilization. High-voltage pulsed electric field sterilization technology is one of them; it has attracted much attention because of its high efficiency and little damage to food. Different types of loads will cause serious trailing of the pulse falling edge. In view of this situation, this paper proposes a new topology circuit that combines a solid-state switch with a half-bridge Marx generator. It can be used for high-voltage pulsed electric field sterilization. By improving the structure of the classical Marx circuit, the high-voltage pulse power supply of the new topology circuit has the characteristics of steep rising edge and short falling edge delay; does not require isolation inductance or isolation resistance, which solves the isolation problem between the DC charging power supply and the high-voltage terminal; and has a good voltage-clamping function and load adaptability. The working process of the topology circuit under resistive, capacitive and inductive loads and the voltage clamping effect when the solid-state switch does not work properly in the discharge process are analyzed in detail. The power supply is composed of an adjustable DC power supply, five-stage half-bridge Marx generator and control protection circuit. A field programmable gate array (FPGA) is used as the controller to generate control signals, and optical fiber isolation is used to provide control signals for the main loop. The power supply can output a high-voltage square wave pulse with a voltage amplitude of 10 kV, maximum pulse number of 1000 per second, maximum pulse width of 20 μs, pulse rise time of smaller than 300 ns and short pulse drop time, and the repeated voltage amplitude, frequency and pulse width are adjustable, which can meet the requirements of a high-voltage pulse sterilization experiment.

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Samizadeh Nikoo, Mohammad, i Seyed Morad Ali Hashemi. "High-Power Nanosecond Pulse Generator With High-Voltage SRD and GDT Switch". IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 43, nr 9 (wrzesień 2015): 3268–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2015.2411251.

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Luo, Xiaoxiao, Qian Wang, Mingming Du, Yingkai Long i Xiping Jiang. "The Development of Solid-state Pulse Generator based on Marx Circuit with Chopping Switch". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2491, nr 1 (1.04.2023): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2491/1/012012.

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Abstract A solid-state pulse source is mainly formed by replacing the spark switch in a traditional pulse source with semiconductor switch device. Compared with conventional gas switch devices such as spark switches, semiconductor switch devices have the advantages of high work repetition frequency, long service life, small size, high efficiency, high reliability, easy control, and active shutdown. However, there are still problems, such as the solid-state switch being easily broken down by high voltage, the rising and falling edges of the pulse being slow, and the loss is enormous. In this paper, a solid-state pulse generator based on Marx with a chopping switch circuit is developed, which effectively solves the above problems. The pulse generator comprises DC power, a switching power circuit, a Marx circuit with a chopping switch, a serial port touch screen, and an optical fiber transmission circuit.

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Mazumder, Sudip K., i Tirthajyoti Sarkar. "SiC Based Optically-Gated High-Power Solid-State Switch for Pulsed-Power Application". Materials Science Forum 600-603 (wrzesień 2008): 1195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.600-603.1195.

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Hybrid SiC pulsed-power switch (having bipolar transistor structure) with 5 kV breakdown voltage and 1 kA peak current rating has been designed, which can be triggered optically using a GaAs or SiC front-end triggering structure with a rise time < 20 ns and for sub-microsecond pulse-widths. Structural details and physics-based simulation results are presented. It is shown, that GaAs triggering structure reduces the optical-triggering power requirement significantly without sacrificing switching speed as compared to a SiC optical-triggering structure.

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Lü, Ze-Qi, Yan-Zhao Xie, Ming-Yue Gou, Xiao-Yu Chen, Jin-Shan Zhou, Mei Li i Yi Zhou. "Development of 200 kV multi-function pulsed radiation system". Acta Physica Sinica 70, nr 20 (2021): 205206. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.70.20210583.

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<sec>A multi-functional pulsed radiation system with a peak voltage of 200 kV, an impedance of 2 Ω, and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 30 ns is developed. The system can be switched flexibly in two states of generating pulsed electron beam and pulsed X-ray by changing the cathode and anode. It consists of a pulse power driving source, a vacuum diode, and an experimental cavity. A Marx generator, a high energy storage water transmission line, and two pulse compression switches are utilized to generate a high voltage on diode. An effector can be placed in the experimental cavity which has the same vacuum as diode. An insulation structure of transmission line and a diode are optimized to guide in system design. The system can provide a multi-functional experimental platform for investigating pulse power technology, system-generated electromagnetic pulse, biological radiation effect, etc.</sec><sec> The Marx generator generates a high-voltage pulse with hundreds of nanoseconds in FWHM and hundreds of kilovolts in peak value. The pulse is compressed by the main switch and pulse forming switch and then loaded to the diode. Electrons are emitted from diode cathode under the high-voltage pulse and accelerated in the gap. The electrons are extracted directly or converted into X-ray through the anode. Aluminized polyethylene is used as an anode when pulsed electron beam is generated, and tantalum film is used when pulsed X-ray is generated. Working state can be switched by changing the cathode and anode of diode.</sec><sec> The result shows that a current of 83 kA pulsed electron beam and an average energy of 67 keV X-ray are generated. Pulsed X-ray has good uniformity and low electron proportion (0.02%). In order to monitor the operation state and output parameter of the system comprehensively, a complete measurement system is established. Three capacitive voltage dividers are set at the beginning of transmission line, the end of pulse forming line, and the end of output line, while a B - dot current monitor is set at the diode. A Faraday cup is developed to measure the current intensity and the total energy of pulsed electron beam. For energy spectrum, dose and electron proportion, the measurement system composed of pulsed X-ray including spectrometric system, dose system and Rogowski Coil is build.</sec>

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Lü, Ze-Qi, Yan-Zhao Xie, Ming-Yue Gou, Xiao-Yu Chen, Jin-Shan Zhou, Mei Li i Yi Zhou. "Development of 200 kV multi-function pulsed radiation system". Acta Physica Sinica 70, nr 20 (2021): 205206. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.70.20210583.

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<sec>A multi-functional pulsed radiation system with a peak voltage of 200 kV, an impedance of 2 Ω, and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 30 ns is developed. The system can be switched flexibly in two states of generating pulsed electron beam and pulsed X-ray by changing the cathode and anode. It consists of a pulse power driving source, a vacuum diode, and an experimental cavity. A Marx generator, a high energy storage water transmission line, and two pulse compression switches are utilized to generate a high voltage on diode. An effector can be placed in the experimental cavity which has the same vacuum as diode. An insulation structure of transmission line and a diode are optimized to guide in system design. The system can provide a multi-functional experimental platform for investigating pulse power technology, system-generated electromagnetic pulse, biological radiation effect, etc.</sec><sec> The Marx generator generates a high-voltage pulse with hundreds of nanoseconds in FWHM and hundreds of kilovolts in peak value. The pulse is compressed by the main switch and pulse forming switch and then loaded to the diode. Electrons are emitted from diode cathode under the high-voltage pulse and accelerated in the gap. The electrons are extracted directly or converted into X-ray through the anode. Aluminized polyethylene is used as an anode when pulsed electron beam is generated, and tantalum film is used when pulsed X-ray is generated. Working state can be switched by changing the cathode and anode of diode.</sec><sec> The result shows that a current of 83 kA pulsed electron beam and an average energy of 67 keV X-ray are generated. Pulsed X-ray has good uniformity and low electron proportion (0.02%). In order to monitor the operation state and output parameter of the system comprehensively, a complete measurement system is established. Three capacitive voltage dividers are set at the beginning of transmission line, the end of pulse forming line, and the end of output line, while a B - dot current monitor is set at the diode. A Faraday cup is developed to measure the current intensity and the total energy of pulsed electron beam. For energy spectrum, dose and electron proportion, the measurement system composed of pulsed X-ray including spectrometric system, dose system and Rogowski Coil is build.</sec>

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Sumathy, P., J. Divya Navamani, A. Lavanya, Jagabar Sathik, R. Zahira i Fadl A. Essa. "PV Powered High Voltage Pulse Converter with Switching Cells for Food Processing Application". Energies 16, nr 2 (16.01.2023): 1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16021010.

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In recent years, industries in the suburb have retrofitted their power supply units with solar power supply systems. Using solar power supply systems for various applications, such as food processing, enables energy expense saving. A promising opportunity in the food industry is solar-powered Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) used in the treatment of fruits and their by-products. For this application, a converter is proposed in this paper with a combination of a passive switched inductor cell and a switched capacitor cell. Furthermore, the derived topology possesses an extendable feature. This topology generates high voltage repetitive pulses with a single semiconductor switch and a reduced component count. Dynamic study of the converter is also performed with the derivation of the transfer function. Cost effective, reliable, and simple circuitry are the critical features of this topology. The circuit topology can generate high voltage pulses by increasing the number of switched inductors and switched capacitor cells. A correlation study on the impact of the switched inductor/capacitor cell is also performed and analyzed, which is not usually performed. A 50 W prototype is designed and tested to validate the performance of the converter

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Chen, Yong, i Yong Sheng Cheng. "An Investigation of Performance Characteristics of High-Voltage Trigatron". Applied Mechanics and Materials 274 (styczeń 2013): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.274.187.

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A new-style high-voltage switch named trigatron with great advantage, such as simple structure and applying circuits, wide operational temperature and voltage range, short delay time, long operational life is introduced in this paper. Firstly the four operational modes which trigatrons are suitable for pulse power devices are presented. Then through experimental study and theoretical analysis, the effect factors of turn-on time of trigatrons are summed up, including anode voltage, triggering voltage and triggering-wire’s length, finally giving a conclusion that the higher anode voltage and triggering pulse voltage are, the more steady and shorter turn-on time is.

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Minamitani, Yasushi, Yoshinori Ohe i Yoshio Higashiyama. "Nanosecond High Voltage Pulse Generator Using Water Gap Switch for Compact High Power Pulsed Microwave Generator". IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 14, nr 4 (sierpień 2007): 894–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tdei.2007.4286522.

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Achour, Yahia, Jacek Starzyński i Kazimierz Jakubiuk. "New Architecture of Solid-State High-Voltage Pulse Generators". Energies 15, nr 13 (1.07.2022): 4823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15134823.

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The application of the nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) for biomedical treatments has gained more interest in recent decades due to the development of pulsed power technologies which provides the ability to control the electric field dose applied during tests. In this context, the proposed paper describes a new architecture of solid-state high-voltage pulse generators (SS-HVPG) designed to generate fully customised sequences of quasi-rectangular pulses. The idea is based on the combination of semiconductor switches (IGBT/MOSFET) known for their flexibility and controllability with special magnetic switches to build compact and modular generators. The proposed structure is inspired by the most known pulse generator of Marx, but mixes its two variants for negative and positive polarities. Thus, the polarity of the generated pulses can be freely selected. In addition to that, the use of IGBTs/MOSFET ensures a tunable repetition rate and pulse width. The capacitors are charged via a series of magnetic switches and a flyback DC–DC converter which provides fast and efficient charging and also an adjustable amplitude of the output pulses. The design can be easily simplified giving two other modified structures, based on the same idea, for mono-polar operating (only positive or only negative pulses) with a reduced number of switches. A SPICE simulation of the generator and results of experimental tests carried out on a three stages generator are presented. The obtained results confirm the operating principle and the claimed performances of the new structure.

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Liu, Van-Tsai, Kuo-Ching Tseng i Yue-Han Wu. "Non-isolated high step-up DC/DC power converter with coupled-inductor". Science Progress 104, nr 3_suppl (lipiec 2021): 003685042110270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00368504211027087.

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This paper presents a non-isolated single switch converter with high voltage gain. Its circuit topology is combined with coupled-inductor, clamp circuit, and voltage lift capacitor techniques. The proposed converter has several advantages: First, the circuit is controlled by only single pulse width modulation (PWM) for the power switch, which keeps the circuit simple. Secondly, the proposed converter is used as a clamping circuit,which let the energy of the leakage inductance can be circulated to the capacitor, so that the voltage spike on the active switch can be suppressed, and improves efficiency. This paper will introduce the principle of action, theoretical analysis, and experimental waveform in order. Finally, in the case of input voltage of 48 V, output voltage of 400 V, and output power of 1 kW, the performance of the proposed converter is verified. As a result, the maximum efficiency is up to 96.5% and full load efficiency is 92.3%.

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Chen, Zhiwen, Yingying Yan, Jun Shu, Kefu Liu i Jian Qiu. "Modulated High Power and Narrow Pulse Width Laser Drive Circuit for Lidar System". Electronics 10, nr 7 (30.03.2021): 823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10070823.

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This manuscript introduces a laser drive circuit for a light detection and ranging (Lidar) system. A Lidar system usually requires its drive circuit to provide laser pulses with nanosecond pulse width, >100 W peak power and high repetition frequency. However, the existing research results show difficulties in meeting these requirements. In order to reduce the pulse width and increase the peak power of laser pulses, special circuit design and component selection are used to optimize the parasitic parameters of the drive circuit, and GaN devices are used to increase the switching speed. The characteristics of laser pulses are tested under different input voltage, pulse per second and switch conducting time. Meanwhile, the reasons for the changes in these characteristics are analyzed and explained. In order to meet the requirements of the Lidar system to detect targets at different distances, a modulation method to change the peak power of the laser pulse is proposed. In our experiment, ideally, the peak power of the laser pulse reaches 135 W, and the pulse width is less than 2 ns at a pulse per second rate of 400 kHz.

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Song, Falun, Fei Li, Beizhen Zhang, Mingdong Zhu, Chunxia Li, Ganping Wang, Haitao Gong, Yanqing Gan i Xiao Jin. "Recent advances in compact repetitive high-power Marx generators". Laser and Particle Beams 37, nr 01 (marzec 2019): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034619000272.

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AbstractThis paper introduces recent activities on Marx-based compact repetitive pulsed power generators at the Institute of Applied Electronics (IAE), China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), over the period 2010–2018. A characteristic feature of the generators described is the use of a simplified bipolar charged Marx circuit, in which the normal isolation resistors or inductors to ground are removed to make the circuit simpler. Several pulse-forming modules developed to generate a 100 ns square wave output are introduced, including thin-film dielectric lines of different structures, a pulse-forming line based on a Printed Circuit Board, and non-uniform pulse-forming networks. A compact repetitive three-electrode spark gap switch with low-jitter, high-voltage, and high-current was developed and is used in the generators. A positive and negative series resonant constant current power supply with high precision and high power is introduced. As an important part of the repetitive pulse power generator, a lower jitter pulse trigger source is introduced. Several typical high-power repetitive pulsed power generators developed at IAE are introduced including a 30 GW low-impedance Marx generator, a compact square-wave pulse generator based on Kapton-film dielectric Blumlein line, a 20 GW high pulse-energy repetitive PFN-Marx generator, and a coaxial Marx generator based on ceramic capacitors. The research of key technologies and their development status are discussed, which can provide a reference for the future development and application of miniaturization of compact and repetitive Marx generators.

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Peng, Jian-Chang, Guo-Zhi Liu, Xiao-Xin Song i Jian-Cang Su. "A high repetitive rate intense electron beam accelerator based on high coupling Tesla transformer". Laser and Particle Beams 29, nr 1 (6.01.2011): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034610000753.

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AbstractTesla transformers are widely used in short pulse, repetition pulsed power generators. In this paper, a high repetitive rate intense electron beam accelerator (IEBA) based on high coupling (~1) Tesla transformer, which consists of a primary charging system, coaxial pulse forming line (PFL) charged by Tesla transformer and gas spark switch is described, especially stressed on the high coupling Tesla transformer. By introducing magnetic core to enhance the coupling factor between the primary and secondary windings, the transformer is capable of producing high voltage pulse up to 1.4 MV in approximately 45 µs. A coaxial pulse forming line is closely attached to the transformer that the outer and inner magnetic cores are parts of the PFL's outer and inner conductors respectively. In addition, the parameters of the Tesla transformer and PFL are calculated, including the dimension of the PFL and Tesla transformer. Some experiment results showed that the IEBA is capable of producing electron beams of 300–700 kV/7–13 kA at repetitive rate 100 Hz, with the pulse width 35 ns. The maximal energy efficiency of the Tesla transformer is 83%.

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Tian, Hang, Cheng Qun Yin, An Qiang Lv i Yong Qian Li. "Ultralow-Repetition-Rate High-Energy Square Wave Pulse Amplification System for the Brillouin Optical Fiber Sensing System". Applied Mechanics and Materials 397-400 (wrzesień 2013): 1913–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.397-400.1913.

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This paper is aimed at designing a special pulse power amplification system for an ultrahigh-speed pulser that is used in Brillouin optical fiber sensing system. This amplification system consists of three parts, that is, signal receiving part, power amplifying part and 180 degree phase shifting part. Considering the fact that signals produced by the pulser are 1.2V differential PCML square wave signals and have ultrafast rising and falling transition time, high speed op-amps were adopted to receive signals and isolate pulser and amplifier. Since square wave signals have ultralow duty ratio, the power amplifier was designed with only one transistor working in switch-mode. As the effective frequency component of the pulse is up to 1500MHz, this design made use of a high speed high voltage operational amplifier to shift phase for signals. The eventually result indicates that, this amplification system can amplify square wave signals whose pulse width ranges from 2ns to 5ns, and voltage amplitude 1V of square wave signals with maximum duty ratio 5:105and minimum duty ratio 1:106up to 8V.

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Kim, Soo-Hong, Jeong-Hum Lee, Byong-Seob Kim, Byung-Ki Kwon i Chang-Ho Choi. "Magnetic Switch Auto Control Method of the High-Voltage Pulse Power Supply". Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics 16, nr 4 (20.08.2011): 366–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.6113/tkpe.2011.16.4.366.

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Wu, Zhaoyang, Wei Lu, Enyan Ding, Xiangyang Bao, Zhoubing Yang i Falun Song. "A Compact High-Power Ultra-Wideband Bipolar Pulse Generator". Laser and Particle Beams 2021 (16.10.2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2204782.

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A compact high-power ultra-wideband bipolar pulse generator based on a modified Marx circuit is designed, which is mainly composed of a primary power supply, Marx generator, sharpening and cutoff subnanosecond spark gap switches, and coaxial transmission lines. The Marx generator with modified circuit structure has thirty-two stages and is composed of eight disk-like modules. Each module consists of four capacitors, two spark gap switches, four charging inductors, and a mechanical support. To simplify the design of the charging structure and reduce the number of switches, four groups of inductors are used to charge the capacitors of the Marx generator, two of which are used for positive voltage charging and the other two for negative voltage charging. When the capacitor of each stage is charged to 35 kV, the maximum output peak voltage can reach 1 MV when the Marx generator is open circuit. The high-voltage pulse generated by the Marx generator charges the transmission line and forms a bipolar pulse through sharpening and cutoff switches. All transmission lines used for bipolar pulse generation have an impedance of 10 Ω. When the 950 kV pulse voltage generated by the Marx generator is fed into the transmission line, the bipolar pulse peak voltage can reach 390 kV, the center frequency of the pulse is about 400 MHz, and the output peak power is about 15.2 GW.

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Wu, Youcheng, Lidong Geng, Jianjun Deng, Gaomin Liu i Hongliang He. "A portable flash x-ray generator powered by an explosive driven ferroelectric generator". Review of Scientific Instruments 93, nr 10 (1.10.2022): 103304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0092050.

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In order to develop a portable flash x-ray source, a compact explosive pulsed power source based on an explosive-driven ferroelectric generator (EDFEG) is investigated numerically and experimentally in this paper. The EDFEG is used as a primary power supply to charge a pulse capacitor, and then the capacitor outputs high current through an inductor and an electrical exploding opening switch (EEOS). Finally, a high voltage fast pulse is generated on a diode, which generates x rays. A circuit model was built to analyze the performance of this compact pulsed power source. A portable flash x-ray generator prototype was constructed in our laboratory. The typical experimental results illustrated that after metal wires of the EEOS exploded, a high-voltage fast pulse with a peak value of 180 kV, a rise time of 2.8 ns, and a pulse width of 30 ns was generated on the x-ray diode. Meanwhile, an x-ray pulse with a pulse width of 19 ns, a focus of about 1 mm, and a dose of 100 mR at 15 cm was obtained.

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Ding, Jiandong, i Bing Cao. "Research on Compact Nanosecond High-voltage Pulse Source". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2396, nr 1 (1.12.2022): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2396/1/012004.

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Abstract With the application of pulse power technology in the fields of biomedical research, portable pulse source, and electromagnetic pulse radiation, the research of pulse sources puts forward new requirements such as compact structure, long pulse width, and high voltage resistance. The traditional pulse source has a long pulse period and short pulse width, which cannot meet the requirements of the high repetition frequency and high output power. In this paper, a nanosecond high-voltage pulse source is designed, which consists of a primary power supply, a pulse charging system, and a pulse shaping system. The DC power charges the Marx generator, while the Marx generator output is shaped by short-circuit sharpening switches. In this paper, PSpice simulation software is used to simulate the results: the pulse period is 1.4ns and the peak-to-peak voltage is 210kV.

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Hou, Yanbin, Wanrong Sun, Aifeng Ren i Shuming Liu. "Design of High-Voltage Switch-Mode Power Amplifier Based on Digital-Controlled Hybrid Multilevel Converter". Active and Passive Electronic Components 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3982594.

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Compared with conventional Class-A, Class-B, and Class-AB amplifiers, Class-D amplifier, also known as switching amplifier, employs pulse width modulation (PWM) technology and solid-state switching devices, capable of achieving much higher efficiency. However, PWM-based switching amplifier is usually designed for low-voltage application, offering a maximum output voltage of several hundred Volts. Therefore, a step-up transformer is indispensably adopted in PWM-based Class-D amplifier to produce high-voltage output. In this paper, a switching amplifier without step-up transformer is developed based on digital pulse step modulation (PSM) and hybrid multilevel converter. Under the control of input signal, cascaded power converters with separate DC sources operate in PSM switch mode to directly generate high-voltage and high-power output. The relevant topological structure, operating principle, and design scheme are introduced. Finally, a prototype system is built, which can provide power up to 1400 Watts and peak voltage up to ±1700 Volts. And the performance, including efficiency, linearity, and distortion, is evaluated by experimental tests.

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Li, Huan, Hong Fa Ding i Hou Xiu Xiao. "A Repeated Pulsed High Magnetic Field Generator for Frequency-Tunable Terahertz Sources". Advanced Materials Research 516-517 (maj 2012): 1897–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.516-517.1897.

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This paper presents a Repeated Pulsed High Magnetic Field (RPHMF) generator for frequency-tunable terahertz sources, which mainly consists of a charging power supply, a capacitor bank, a discharging switch, a bitter magnet and other facilities. The four thyristors (80 mm, 4 kV) in series with a self-supplied gate driver are taken as the discharge switch which can be triggered when the high voltage capacitor C was charged to 300 V. Meanwhile, a bitter magnet with fast heat dissipation was designed and fabricated. According to the experiment, the designed system has a pulse repetition frequency of 0.1 Hz with a maximum magnetic field of 9 T.

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Zorngiebel, V., E. Spahn, G. Buderer, A. Welleman i W. Fleischmann. "Compact High Voltage IGBT Switch for Pulsed Power Applications". IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 45, nr 1 (styczeń 2009): 531–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2008.2008511.

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Fauzi, F., M. E. Zaidi, U. Udom i N. A. A. Manaf. "Switch Mode Power Supply (SMPS) Utilizing Flyback Converter Topology: Simulation and Experiment". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2312, nr 1 (1.08.2022): 012050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2312/1/012050.

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Abstract This paper presents simulation and experimental works of a single, 5 volt DC output switch mode power supply (SMPS). The main objective of this work is to design, build and evaluate the SMPS using flyback converter topology. In this work, a 555 timer was chosen as the pulse width modulator. The 555 timer was chosen because it is easily available, cheap and has the capability to produce stable pulse width modulation. The complete circuit of the SMPS consist of full bridge rectifier, smoothing capacitor, pulse width modulator, high frequency transformer and flyback converter. The complete SMPS circuit was firstly designed and simulated using Proteus software. After obtaining acceptable results from the simulation process, the hardware part of the project, soon follows. Next, the SMPS circuit was constructed on a breadbroad. Testing and measurements of important parameters such as the input and output voltages and duty cycle were carried out using digital oscilloscope and multi meter. Both simulation and experimental results have shown that the designed circuit can convert single 24 Vrms 50 Hz AC voltage input into a stable single 5±0.15 V DC outputs. This work also has shown that pulsed DC voltage with peak value of 3.8 V and frequency lower than 4 kHz is adequate in controlling the switching frequency of a MOSFET transistor, thus regulating the output voltage within the desired range. Further analysis also shows close correlation between the simulation and experimental results.

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31

Li, Li Li, Yu Long Wang i Hong Da Yang. "Study on Relationships between High-Frequency High-Voltage Pulse Breakdown Voltage of Air-Gaps and Pulse Delay Time". Advanced Materials Research 981 (lipiec 2014): 683–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.981.683.

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In the paper, power frequency and high-frequency high-voltage pulse breakdown voltage of air-gaps were measured by circuits of spark gap switches respectively, and then output waveforms were obtained by sampling circuits, finally a large number of data in experiments were recorded and were drawn into curves. It can be seen from curves: firstly, relationships between pulse breakdown voltage of air-gaps and pulse delay time or between pulse breakdown voltage of air-gaps and pulse coefficient are discussed when electrodes and distances between electrodes are different, secondly, relationships between pulse breakdown voltage and air-gap distances are analyzed under 100kHz pulse voltage when electrodes are spherical electrodes.

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32

Schweiger, Christoph, Menno Door, Pavel Filianin, Jost Herkenhoff, Kathrin Kromer, Daniel Lange, Domenik Marschall i in. "Fast silicon carbide MOSFET based high-voltage push–pull switch for charge state separation of highly charged ions with a Bradbury–Nielsen gate". Review of Scientific Instruments 93, nr 9 (1.09.2022): 094702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0083515.

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In this paper, we report on the development of a fast high-voltage switch, which is based on two enhancement mode N-channel silicon carbide metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors in push–pull configuration. The switch is capable of switching high voltages up to 600 V on capacitive loads with rise and fall times on the order of 10 ns and pulse widths ≥20 ns. Using this switch, it was demonstrated that, from the charge state distribution of bunches of highly charged ions ejected from an electron beam ion trap with a specific kinetic energy, single charge states can be separated by fast switching of the high voltage applied to a Bradbury–Nielsen Gate with a resolving power of about 100.

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Sun, Jinru, Qin Qing, Haoliang Liu, Xueling Yao, Zijiao Jiao i Yiheng Wu. "A Compact High-Stability Nanosecond Pulse Test System Using Corona-Stabilized Switch and Coaxial Resistance Divider". Energies 16, nr 11 (5.06.2023): 4534. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16114534.

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Due to the lack of a standard nanosecond high-voltage pulse generator for sensor calibration, a high-stability nanosecond high-voltage pulse test system was developed in terms of circuit analysis, structural design, and performance test. By establishing the equivalent circuit model of the nanosecond pulse generator, the circuit component parameters of the five-stage Marx loop and the one-stage compression steepening unit were simulated. The influence of the action performance of the steepening gap on the characteristics of output nanosecond pulse was analyzed. The nanosecond pulse test system was established through the structural design of the nanosecond pulse-generating circuit, the development of a high-performance corona-stabilized switch, and the measurement of a fast-response resistance divider made of metal oxide thin-film resistors. The nanosecond pulse test system has the capability to output a double exponential nanosecond pulse voltages in the amplitude range of 10–60 kV with a rise time of 2.3 ± 0.5 ns and a half-peak time of 23 ± 5 ns. In addition, the output pulse voltage has a high consistency and stability in the full amplitude range. The maximum relative standard deviation of the peak value is 1.517%, and the relative standard uncertainty is less than 5‰.

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Yin, Xiao Dong, Chun Yang Jiang, Min Lei, Sheng Guo Xia i Feng Zhou. "Research of Influence of Negative Voltage at Capacitance of Pulse Transformer of Pulse Power Generator". Applied Mechanics and Materials 347-350 (sierpień 2013): 1510–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.347-350.1510.

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Energy storage capacitance is necessary part of pulse power generator. Generally, it is difficult to match the equivalent capacitance in high voltage side and energy storage capacitance in low voltage side of the pulse transformer. Resultantly, it requires high flow capability of switch device. In this paper, three methods are presented to solve this problem based on reasons of overcurrent. The results of simulation and experiments show that the efficiency of generator was higher with the method of thyristor and inductance in reverse parallel, and this method would be the most effective resolution.

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35

Korotkov, S. V., A. L. Zhmodikov, A. K. Kozlov, D. A. Korotkov i P. E. Matlashov. "Small switches of high-power microsecond pulses on the basis of high-voltage integrated pulse thyristors and reverse switch-on dynistors". Instruments and Experimental Techniques 60, nr 1 (styczeń 2017): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0020441216060166.

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Zhang, Zicheng, Shifei Liu, Hanwu Yang, Diangeng Li, Yuwei Fan i Jiande Zhang. "A compact repetitive high energy-density accelerator HEART-20 based on propylene carbonate pulse forming line". Review of Scientific Instruments 93, nr 10 (1.10.2022): 104703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0103221.

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The development of pulsed power technology requires an electron beam accelerator with high output power and repetitive operation. A compact repetitive electron beam accelerator based on a pulse transformer and a pulse forming line of high permittivity liquid, as an essential type of one, has attracted extensive attention at the present time. In this paper, the development of a compact high energy-density electron beam accelerator, viz., HEART-20, based on a propylene carbonate (PC) forming line is presented. The accelerator HEART-20 consists of a primary energy source, a pulse transformer, a PC pulse forming line, a gas spark gap switch, and a vacuum diode. First, the operation principle of the accelerator is described. Second, the design of the accelerator’s parameters is presented. A pulse transformer is developed for rapid charging of the PC-filled pulse forming line. The coupling coefficient is above 0.9, the voltage ratio is about 200, and the operation voltage is about 800 kV. Third, the energy storage characteristics of PC are investigated. The insulation characteristics of PC under positive charging voltage are found to perform better than those under negative charging voltage. The insulating strength of PC can be improved by pressurization. Finally, the development of the accelerator HEART-20 is presented. Across a vacuum diode load, it can steadily operate at a 20 GW output power in 5 Hz rep-rate. Moreover, it can drive a magnetically insulated line oscillator to produce about 2.0 GW microwave. These findings provide a good foundation for the development of a rep-rate intensive electron beam accelerator with promising applications for the future.

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Li, Wei Bo, Wang Xin, Quan Feng, Wei Chao Li i Zhao Long Sun. "Some Considerations of the Pulse Power Switch Centered on Thyristor Device". Applied Mechanics and Materials 336-338 (lipiec 2013): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.336-338.60.

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For high energy short pulse discharge applications, like electromagnetic launchers or magnetic forming, mostly the thyristor technology is used. The presented thyristor switch assemblies using 125 mm wafer size are made to switch 62.4MJ stored energy into a load in very short time. The maximum transient peak current of 26 kilo-amperes peak for 20 ms with convection water and air cooling. For this presentation we concentrate on the Thyristor technology as this offer the highest current capability but are not in the position to switch-off any current. Some measures must be used to the pulse switch centered on Thyristor device, i.e., proper selection of the static and dynamic parameters of the thyristor, enough power for triggering the device, and efficient cooling of the device, which can make it possible to produce devices with high blocking voltage combined with very high current handling.

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38

Korotkov, S. V., Yu V. Aristov, A. L. Zhmodikov, A. K. Kozlov i D. A. Korotkov. "High-power switches based on reversely switched-on dynistors for high-voltage pulse technologies". Instruments and Experimental Techniques 57, nr 3 (maj 2014): 291–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0020441214020286.

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Palanisamy, R., S. Vidyasagar, V. Kalyanasundaram, D. Karthikeyan, K. Selvakumar, D. Selvabharathi i K. Vijayakumar. "A new multilevel DC-AC converter topology with reduced switch using multicarrier sinusoidal pulse width modulation". International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 11, nr 2 (1.06.2020): 752. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i2.pp752-761.

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Multilevel converters have a significant role in power processing control in the power system, which has some inherent features like reduced harmonics, high power & medium voltage, reduced voltage stress. In this proposed paper, a novel multilevel inverter with reduced number of switches and without passive components. The proposed inverter generates 15 level output voltage with suitable switching pulse generation using multicarrier sinusoidal pulse width modulation (MSPWM) and different level of voltages are obtained with variation of modulation index. Also coupled inductor is used to minimize the harmonic content and smoothing output current. The scheme which includes different range of unequal voltage sources. As a result, the proposed system it reduces switching control complexity and there is no voltage balancing problem. This paper elucidates the operating modes, voltage stress minimisation and harmonic reduction are discussed. The results of the proposed multilevel dc-ac converter are verified using matlab/simulink. The simulation & hardware results of the proposed inverter were verified using matlab simulink and dsPIC controller respectively, which was analysed with different voltage level and different modulation index.

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McNutt, Ty, John Reichl, Harold Hearne, Victor Veliadis, Megan McCoy, Eric J. Stewart, Stephen Van Campen i in. "Demonstration of High-Voltage SiC VJFET Cascode in a Half-Bridge Inverter". Materials Science Forum 556-557 (wrzesień 2007): 979–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.556-557.979.

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This work utilizes silicon carbide (SiC) vertical JFETs in a cascode configuration to exploit the inherent advantages of SiC and demonstrate the device under application conditions. The all-SiC cascode circuit is made up of a low-voltage normally-off vertical JFET, and high-voltage normally on vertical JFET to form a normally-off cascode switch. In this work, a half-bridge inverter was developed with SiC cascode switches for DC to AC power conversion. The inverter uses high-side and a low-side cascode switches that are Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) from a 500 V bus to produce a 60 Hz sinusoid at the output. An inductor and a capacitor were used to filter the output, while a load resistor was used to model the steady-state current of a motor.

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41

Malashin, M. V., S. I. Moshkunov, I. E. Rebrov, V. Yu Khomich i E. A. Shershunova. "High-voltage solid-state switches for microsecond pulse power". Instruments and Experimental Techniques 57, nr 2 (marzec 2014): 140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0020441214010242.

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Appiah, G. N., S. R. Jang, J. S. Bae, C. G. Cho, S. H. Song i H. J. Ryoo. "Compact design of high voltage switch for pulsed power applications". IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 24, nr 4 (2017): 2006–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tdei.2017.006272.

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Petridi, A., G. Chatzipetrakis, A. Skoulakis, I. Fitilis, M. Tatarakis i J. Chatzakis. "A modified modular multilevel converter topology trigger generator for a pseudospark switch". Review of Scientific Instruments 93, nr 6 (1.06.2022): 064711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0088927.

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A novel trigger generator for operating a pseudospark switch has been developed based on a modified modular multilevel converter topology using insulated gate bipolar transistors. The trigger generator can be operated in either single- or high-repetition rate shot mode. It is characterized by a fast rise time and low temporal jitter between the output trigger pulses of less than 1 ns. It produces pulses of 4.5 kV and 1 µs duration into a 50 Ω load that can trigger a single pseudospark switch. By minimizing the high-voltage components, faster high-voltage switching takes place and the power density of the unit is increased. Furthermore, the overall volume of the trigger generator is reduced. Using this pseudospark trigger generator, it is possible to trigger single or multiple pseudospark gaps without the requirement to use a pulse shaping circuit.

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Xia, Yi Hui, Xiao Feng Zhang i Ming Zhong Qiao. "The Research of Output Voltage Error of Matrix Converter Decreased under Low Switch Frequency". Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (czerwiec 2014): 1194–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.1194.

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Its switch frequency can’?t be high because of the restrains of insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTS) when high power electrical motor driven by matrix converter. This paper mainly discuses about the reason for output voltage error with low switch frequency. And based on the reasons, a method for decreasing output voltage error is proposed, that is to say that referenced input current and output voltage is calculated by using their average value in one sample in the indirect space vector pulse modulation (ISVPWM) when switch frequency is low. Simulation results coincide with theoretical analysis, verifying that the proposed method is feasible and theoretical analysis is right.

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45

Okamura, Katsuya, Fujio Naito, Ken Takayama, Hidenori Kitai, Hisato Michikoshi, Kunihiro Sakamoto, Akira Tokuchi, Tatsuya Kaito i Daiki Kumamoto. "Development of a Pulsed Power Supply Utilizing 13 kV Class SiC-MOSFETs". Materials Science Forum 1004 (lipiec 2020): 1141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1004.1141.

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To resolve the drawback of conventional thyratron switches, development of a semiconductor high voltage switch utilizing a 13 kV class SiC-MOSFET developed by Tsukuba Power Electronics Constellations (TPEC) is proceeding. At first, the device evaluation test was carried out with a resistive load circuit. With the conditions of drain voltage of 10 kV and load resistance of 1 kΩ, turn on loss Eon, turn off loss Eoff, rise time Tr and fall time Tf were 1.7 mJ, 1.1 mJ, 64 ns, and 75 ns, respectively. Thereafter, the 2s-12p switch array was designed and assembled, where 12 MOSFETs are equally aligned on a circle shaped circuit board and two circuit boards are stacked in series. An 18 kV-318 A-1 us pulse with a rise time of 289 ns in the short pulse switching test were successfully demonstrated. Moreover, switching tests of 2nd generation MOSFET that has a twice larger device area was conducted. As a result, 60 % reduction of on-resistance was confirmed.

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Song, Jiajia, Jinbo Zhang i Xinnan Fan. "Device for online monitoring of insulation faults in high-voltage switchgears". International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 17, nr 2 (luty 2021): 155014772199928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147721999284.

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Partial discharges are the major cause of deterioration in the insulation characteristics of switchgears. Therefore, timely detection of partial discharge in switchgear and potential insulation faults is an urgent problem that needs to be addressed in the power supervision industry. In this study, a device was proposed for online monitoring of high-voltage switchgears based on pulse current method and ozone (O3) detection. The pulse current method obtains the PD signal by monitoring the phase holes on the switch indicator. Occurrence of a partial discharge in a certain phase leads to the production of a discharge pulse, which can be coupled out by a capacitive sensor. The current spectrum and the O3 produced by partial discharge were processed via fast Fourier transform for accurate diagnosis of the occurrence of partial discharge and its severity in switchgears. The proposed method allows for convenient acquisition of the partial discharge signal, simple installation of the device, and realization with inexpensive sensors.

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Sayed, Khairy, Mohammed G. Gronfula i Hamdy A. Ziedan. "Novel Soft-Switching Integrated Boost DC-DC Converter for PV Power System". Energies 13, nr 3 (8.02.2020): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13030749.

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This paper presents a novel soft-switching boost DC-DC converter, which uses an edge-resonant switch capacitor based on the pulse width modulation PWM technique. These converters have high gain voltage due to coupled inductors, which work as a transformer, while the boost converter works as a resonant inductor. Upon turning on, the studied soft switching circuit works at zero-current soft switching (ZCS), and upon turning off, it works at zero-voltage soft switching (ZVS) while using active semiconductor switches. High efficiency and low losses are obtained while using soft switching and auxiliary edge resonance to get a high step-up voltage ratio. A prototype model is implemented in the Power Electronics Laboratory, Assiut University, Egypt. Seventy-two-panel PV modules of 250 W each were used to simulate and execute the setup to examine the proposed boost converter.

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Fauzi, F., U. Udom, M. E. Zaidi i N. A. A. Manaf. "Dual Outputs Switch Mode Power Supply (DOSMPS) Utilizing Forward Converter Topology". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2550, nr 1 (1.08.2023): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2550/1/012024.

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Abstract Experimental works of dual, 5 volt DC outputs switch mode power supply (DOSMPS) is presented in this paper. To design, construct and evaluate the DOSMPS using forward converter topology are the objectives of this article. In this work, a 556 timer was picked as the pulse width modulator. The 556 timer was picked because it is widely used, cheap and capable of producing stable dual pulse width modulations. Since, this work targeted dual DC outputs, two forward converter circuits were built. However, switching frequencies at two transistors were controlled by only one 556 timer. The complete circuit of the DOSMPS consist of full bridge rectifier, smoothing capacitor, two high frequency transformers and two forward converter circuits. At the first stage of this work, the DOSMPS circuit was designed using Proteus software. Later, the complete DOSMPS circuit was constructed on two breadbroads after all of the electronic components and devices were available. Important parameters such as the input and output voltages and duty cycles were measured using digital oscilloscope and multimeter. Results from these measurements have shown that the designed circuit can convert single-phase 24 Vrms 50 Hz AC voltage input into dual and stable 5±0.1 V DC outputs. Also from this work, it was observed that, pulsed DC voltages with peak value of 2 V and frequency less than 20 kHz are sufficient in controlling the switching frequencies of both BJT transistors. This allows the regulation of the output voltage within the desired range. Analysis carried out after the measurements has shown close correlation between the theoretical and experimental results, where the calculated and measured switching frequencies had only deviated by 1.1%.

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Bystritskii, V. M., Yu A. Glyshko, A. A. Sinebrjukhov i A. V. Kharlov. "Experiments on high-power ion beam generationin self-insulated diodes". Laser and Particle Beams 9, nr 3 (wrzesień 1991): 691–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600003700.

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Experimental results are given on high-power ion beams (HPIB) generation in a vacuumspherical focusing diode with self-magnetic insulation, obtained from the nanosecond accelerator PARUS with 0.2-TW power and 60-ns pulse duration for a matched load. When the passive plasma source of the ions was used, the efficiency of the HPIB generationwas measured to be as high as 20% for 700-kV diode voltage and 10-kA/cm2 beam density in the focal plane.The application of a coaxial plasma opening switch (POS) prior to the diode resultedin a factor-of-1.8 increase in the diode power in comparison with a match operation inthe absence of a POS.

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Dheeraj, Alagu, i V. Rajini. "Center Clamped Forward Converter for High Current Applications". Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 14, nr 1 (1.01.2017): 395–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2017.6333.

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High current applications like Microprocessors, Fuel cells, Electric Hybrid Vehicles, Solar Cells etc., use interleaved isolated buck derived converter. Interleaving of converters for such high current applications converters is done to achieve reduced input capacitor ripple voltages, output capacitor ripple current cancellation and reduced peak currents of output inductors. Generally, interleaving requires a higher number of transformers through which distributed magnetics can be achieved. i.e., one bulky transformer can be replaced with low power profile transformers. The performance of forward converter depends on core resetting of the main transformer. The core’s magnetizing energy is recycled by resetting it. In the absence of core reset, the current builds up at each switching cycle, saturates the core, causes reverse recovery problem in the diode and the active clamp will no longer in zero voltage state during turn on of the main switch. The transformer secondary output is used as a gating pulse for Synchronous Rectifiers. These have very low forward drop which are most suitable for high current applications. Among various used clamping methods, the transformer core is optimized effectively by Active center clamp reset approach. The proposed method results in less number of switches and clamping capacitor, and lower cost compared to conventional forward converter. Reduction in voltage stress without losing duty-cycle ratio is also achieved by means of a series-parallel connected switch structure with Self Driven Synchronous Rectifiers. The proposed center clamp converter overcomes the Maximum Duty cycle limitation of 50%. This paper mainly focuses on active center clamp forward converter and is also compared with Active Positive Negative clamping techniques.

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