Rozprawy doktorskie: „High risk families”

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Hopper, Jennifer. "Communication within Families at-risk for Type 2 Diabetes". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1367937775.

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Barnes, Christopher. "Cognitive, emotional and environmental mediators of early parenting in high risk families". Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/33753.

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The UK currently has the highest number of premature births (babies born before 37 weeks gestation age and below 2.5kg) in Europe affecting around 70,000 babies and their caregivers each year. Consequently many interventions have been created to support the development of the preterm newborn and minimise the complications of prematurity. Many of the interventions developed have been predominantly tactile and have almost exclusively focused upon their effect upon the baby and not, for example considered the effect that this type of intervention might have upon the parents; specifically the mother, when they are the ones who perform the therapy. In fact there is a severe lack of systematic studies investigating the latter. Hence, the aim of this thesis was to search for research-based evidence on the benefits of environmental support to both babies (e.g. increased weight gain or awake periods) and their mothers (e.g. higher perceptions of themselves as a mother) during hospital confinement and within the context of Neonatal Health Psychology (NNHP). For this reason, the main hypothesis investigated whether mothers’ cognitions and emotions; specifically Maternal Self-Efficacy, Self-Esteem and Attachment, would be affected by environmental mediators in the form of structured or non-structured tactile sensory nurturing interventions. The empirical work reported in this thesis is divided into 3 distinct phases. Firstly, as their was no appropriate measure of maternal Self-Efficacy for mothers of hospitalised preterm neonates the main aim of Phase-1 was to develop and validate an appropriate measure. Using a prospective survey method and a mixed design (between/within and correlational) a total of 160 mother-preterm dyads (pooled from 2 cohorts; cohort 1, N=100; cohort 2, N=60) were recruited. The results demonstrated that the Perceived Maternal Parenting Self-Efficacy (PMPS-E) tool had good initial psychometric properties (including internal/external reliability and construct validity) for its use with mothers of relatively healthy hospitalised preterm neonates. Secondly, in order to investigate mothers’ perceived maternal parenting self-efficacy beliefs further Phase-2 examined whether the type of feeding a mother chose to give to her baby mediated her self-efficacy beliefs. The results suggested that breastfeeding a preterm neonate during hospital confinement may adversely affect mothers’ perceptions of their efficacy in all aspects of parenting. Finally, using an experimental method Phase-3 tested the main hypothesis of this thesis and used a randomised cluster control trial (RCCT) design to allocate 60 mothers and their preterms equally to one of three cluster groups; consisting of either structured (e.g. TAC-TIC therapy or Using a Toy) or non-structured (Placebo/Control) tactile sensory nurturing interventions. The main findings illustrate that tactile sensory nurturing interventions do mediate maternal cognitions and emotions, preterm weight gain and behavioural state. In particular, mothers who performed TAC-TIC demonstrated significantly higher self-reported perceptions in their self-efficacy, self-esteem and attachment, which was attributed to the fact that these babies spent increased amounts of time in an alert and responsive behavioural state, and gained more weight throughout the study period. Thus, the work presented throughout this thesis has implications for Neonatal Health Psychologists and other Health Care professionals’ practice within neonatal units, the use of Neonatal Health Psychology as a framework to study the preterm neonate and their family, and also the way in which both mothers and their hospitalised preterm neonates are supported during hospital confinement.

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Houston, Natasha. "Evaluation of a Family-Centered Parenting Program for Culturally Diverse High-Risk Families". Thesis, NSUWorks, 2008. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/fse_etd/21.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a family-centered parenting program for culturally diverse high-risk families using science-based curricula and evaluation tools. Despite the evidence supporting the effectiveness of parenting education, there are still limitations to the current body of knowledge. Research has been conducted primarily with middle-class European American mothers. Less is known about parenting education with culturally and economically diverse families. In addition, much of the additional research targeted well-functioning families. High-risk families are less likely to participate in parenting programs and research studies. Most programs do not use evidence-based curricula or conduct evaluations using valid reliable measures. Last, most programs work solely with the parent and do not have a family-centered approach. Including children suggests the entire family learns together and has a better opportunity to build family cohesion. This study utilized a science-based curricula parenting program for at-risk families. The sample population included 31% Caucasian, 2% Hispanic, 66% Native American, and 1% of other races combined. Quantitative data reflected that overall parenting scores increased in both target and control groups based on the scores from pretest to posttest with a t score of 0.459 for the target group and 0.346 for the control group. Overall, the program was successful, and the applied dissertation effectively met each of the 6 outcomes. Nonprofit organizations should review the findings of this applied dissertation to develop more programs that incorporate science-based curricula to address the parenting needs of those who are high risk.

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4

Campbell, Carroll C. "Adolescents’ Perception of Parental Deterrents of High-Risk Behavior and Prediction of Involvement in Risk Behaviors as Measured by the Risky Behavior Scale". The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306342286.

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Grayton, L. "Minding the baby : the challenges of implementing a reflective functioning programme with high-risk families". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1448076/.

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Part 1: Literature Review: This section consists of a meta-analytic review examining the efficacy of video-feedback interventions aimed at promoting parental sensitivity and infant attachment. Outcomes from 18 RCTs contributing 20 intervention effects were examined. Results indicated that video-feedback interventions are efficacious in promoting parental sensitivity, infant attachment security and preventing infant attachment disorganisation. These findings suggest that video-feedback interventions may offer exciting potential for clinical practice. Part 2: Empirical Paper: The empirical paper reports on a qualitative study examining the challenges of implementing ‘Minding the Baby’ (MTB), a preventative parenting programme developed explicitly to promote secure parent-child attachment relationships. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 practitioners delivering the programme. Transcripts were analysed thematically and themes were organised into two domains relating to the challenges of implementation and the components of MTB which practitioners identified as being crucial in engaging mothers in reflective work. Results highlight the importance of designing and delivering services which support mentalisation throughout. In addition, a strong therapeutic relationship was identified to be crucial in engaging mothers in reflective work and in responding to the challenges of implementing a mentalisation-based parenting intervention. The study was conducted in collaboration with another UCL Clinical Psychology doctoral student, whose thesis examines parents’ experiences of the therapeutic process in MTB (Burns, 2014).

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Jones, Laura M. "The family check-up for families of high-risk preschoolers : the moderating effect of children's temperament /". view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3102170.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-101). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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7

Mortensen, Jennifer A. "The protective role of the caregiving relationship in child care for infants and toddlers from high risk families". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3703699.

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Infancy and toddlerhood is an important time for the development of emotion regulation, with interactions between parents and children critical to these processes. Negative parenting behaviors can have a deleterious impact on this development; however, for infants and toddlers in child care, the classroom environment, including teacher-child interactions, provides an important setting for emotional development and may serve as a protective factor when parenting risk at home is high. The aim of the three papers presented in this dissertation was to explore the potential for child care to act as a protective factor for infants and toddlers experiencing different dimensions of parenting risk that threaten emotion regulation development: minimal sensitivity and support, harsh and intrusive behaviors, and physical abuse and neglect. Results confirmed the negative impact of unsupportive, harsh, and intrusive parenting behaviors on emotion regulation, but child care was either insignificant in mitigating these effects or operated as a buffer for certain children only. Additionally, a review of the extant literature suggested that understanding the optimal caregiving experiences in child care that meet the unique regulatory needs of maltreated infants and toddlers is limited. Collectively, implications of these findings include the need to ensure measurement validity when assessing children’s experiences within child care, the importance of considering the interactive nature of child, parent, and child care factors, and the pressing need for more research regarding child care teachers’ roles in facilitating emotional experiences in the classroom that meet the unique regulatory needs infants and toddlers facing risk at home.

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Mortensen, Jennifer Ann. "The Protective Role of the Caregiving Relationship in Child Care for Infants and Toddlers from High Risk Families". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/556822.

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Infancy and toddlerhood is an important time for the development of emotion regulation, with interactions between parents and children critical to these processes. Negative parenting behaviors can have a deleterious impact on this development; however, for infants and toddlers in child care, the classroom environment, including teacher-child interactions, provides an important setting for emotional development and may serve as a protective factor when parenting risk at home is high. The aim of the three papers presented in this dissertation was to explore the potential for child care to act as a protective factor for infants and toddlers experiencing different dimensions of parenting risk that threaten emotion regulation development: minimal sensitivity and support, harsh and intrusive behaviors, and physical abuse and neglect. Results confirmed the negative impact of unsupportive, harsh, and intrusive parenting behaviors on emotion regulation, but child care was either insignificant in mitigating these effects or operated as a buffer for certain children only. Additionally, a review of the extant literature suggested that understanding the optimal caregiving experiences in child care that meet the unique regulatory needs of maltreated infants and toddlers is limited. Collectively, implications of these findings include the need to ensure measurement validity when assessing children’s experiences within child care, the importance of considering the interactive nature of child, parent, and child care factors, and the pressing need for more research regarding child care teachers' roles in facilitating emotional experiences in the classroom that meet the unique regulatory needs infants and toddlers facing risk at home.

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9

Jackson, L. A. "Cytogenetic and molecular genetic analysis of normal, pre-malignant and malignant breast tissue from patients in high-risk families". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604988.

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The data presented in this thesis demonstrates that 60.0% of the morphologically normal samples from women at high risk for breast cancer showed genomic copy number aberrations by CGH. There was an average of 1.45 aberrations per sample analysed. These aberrations seemed to be spread throughout the genome, however, there were some regions of interest. These were gains on 1p, 9p, 16p 16q and 19. The presence of these aberrations suggests that morphologically normal epithelial cells analysed from these cases have a degree of genomic instability. The CGH results for HUT presented a complicated profile of copy number loss and gain spread throughout the genome. Of the 23 lesions successfully analysed by CGH, 96.7% had genomic aberrations, an average of 4.35 aberrations per sample analysed. The most common sites of aberration were loss at 1p, 9q, 17p, 17q, 19 and 22q and again at 1q, 2q, 6q, 9p, 13q, 18p and X. The immunohistochemical staining of the HUT provided an insight into whether the lesion was derived from a single clone or was a proliferation of a number of cells. However the overall staining patterns were highly variable between and within cases and no common observations were identified. Although the numbers in this study are small and there is a lack of BRCA1 and BRACA2 mutation status information in all samples, there does seem to be a trend towards the BRCA mutation positive samples being more likely to have genomic aberrations and for these samples to have an increased number of aberrations over samples with unknown mutation status. The wide variety copy number losses and gains in these samples suggest that premalignant lesions can, and do, acquire an array of aberrations and still present as a similar morphological lesions.

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Pease, Anna Susan. "Factors influencing infant care practices in the sleep environment among families at high risk of sudden infant death syndrome". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.702488.

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Introduction. Advice for reducing the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) by modifying the infant sleep environment has led to significant reductions in the number of babies who die. The highest burden of SIDS now lies with the most deprived families in society, where rates remain higher than in the general population. This thesis employed a mixed methods approach to examine knowledge and attitudes to SIDS risk reduction advice and explore the factors that influence decision making for the infant sleep environment among families most at risk. Methods. The four parts to this programme of work included: 1) A systematic review of the literature to reveal how mothers' knowledge of SIDS risk reduction has been measured and provide a suitable tool for use in a quantitative survey. 2) An analysis of longitudinal postal questionnaires from birth to late infancy to assess whether a high risk scoring system for SIDS based on routine demographics identifies risky infant care practices. 3) A quantitative survey of mothers recruited from health visitor-led clinics in deprived areas of Bristol, UK to measure mothers' knowledge and attitudes to SIDS advice. 4) A qualitative survey using home interviews with mothers of infants at higher risk of SIDS to determine decision making processes for the infant sleep environment. Results. The systematic review screened over 3000 papers and uncovered a useful tool for measuring knowledge of SIDS risks. The analysis of 591 postal questionnaires found that a scoring system of demographic characteristics can pick up on differences in infant care for a higher risk group, especially sleeping position and breastfeeding. The face-to-face survey with 400 mothers found poorer knowledge of SIDS risks in a higher risk group using the same scoring system and home interviews with 20 mothers most at risk gave insights into the complex challenges of night time infant care for this group. The interviews suggested that mothers are influenced by family and friends, their own self-efficacy, beliefs they hold about infant safety and care and their perceived barriers to following the recommended advice. Conclusions. This work confirms that families at higher risk for SIDS have poorer knowledge of the risk factors and are more likely to engage in sleep practices that may put their infants at further risk of SIDS. It also confirms that decision-making for infant care is interconnected with social contexts and psychological constructs that can help or hinder when it comes to safe sleep. Where good reasons for following advice were lacking, mothers would fill in the blanks with their own interpretations that risk supporting unsafe sleep decisions. Interventions that target groups of parents where the risks of SIDS are higher, need to consider social influences, beliefs and understanding behind the safer sleep messages if they are to be effective and engage this group in change.

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Dempster, Katherine W. "Associations Between Expressed Emotion, Mental Health, and Functioning in Families: Child Asthma Status as a Moderator". VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/6050.

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Expressed emotion (EE), the affective attitudes and behaviors of one toward another, can affect caregivers’ behaviors toward their child. Research examining associations between EE and child/family outcomes is mixed; these associations may be affected by other influences such as the presence of a chronic disease or parent mental health. In this study of families living in an urban area, we examined associations between EE and child outcomes (anxiety/depressive symptoms) and family functioning, with parent anxiety as a covariate. We evaluated child asthma status as a moderator as the presence of a chronic illness may strengthen the association between EE and child/family outcomes. Ninety-four children (mean±SD age=8.83±2.03 years, 48.9% female, 92.6% African American; 47 with asthma) and their parents (81.3% annual household income less than $25,000) completed an observational study including interviews and questionnaires. Measures included the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC), Children’s Depressive Symptoms Inventory (CDI), Self-Report Family Inventory (SFI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), and Five-Minute Speech Sample (FMSS) coded for EE. To examine study aims, regression analyses were conducted using PROCESS macro version 3.4. Asthma status (yes/no) was examined as a moderator. EE was associated with child anxiety symptoms, controlling for parent anxiety symptoms (F(1,70) =7.67, p=0.007). Criticism was also positively associated with asthma control (F(1,39)=4.33, p=.04, R2=.08). Asthma status did not moderate any of the associations. Results suggested that high levels of caregiver EE were associated with child anxiety symptoms, but asthma status did not moderate associations. It is possible that regardless of additional family demands related to asthma, EE is associated with child anxiety. Further examination into other systemic stressors (e.g., poverty, access to care) that may moderate these associations is warranted, as well as the impact that minimizing parent anxiety might have on overall EE.

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Bruwer, Zandré. "An investigation into factors which have an impact on access to and utilisation of the genetic and endoscopic surveillance clinic offered to high-risk members of known Lynch families". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12794.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 257-302).
The Genetic and Endoscopic Surveillance Clinic provides predictive testing and life-saving colorectal cancer screening services to individuals with Lynch syndrome in the Western and Northern Cape provinces of South Africa. The risk of colorectal cancer is reduced by 50% and mortality is decreased by 65% with regular colonoscopic screening; however, the attendance rate at the clinic has been declining over several years. Concerns exist for those individuals undergoing screening at levels below the desired recommendations. It was thus opportune for a formal evaluation of both the surveillance and predictive testing programmes to be conducted to determine factors affecting the access, utilisation and satisfaction with the service, from the perspective of the service users.

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Johnson, Kimberly S. "Effecting Change in High Risk Families through Home Visiting. An Analysis of Clients’ Perceived Value of the Process Based on Professional Attire Worn by Home Visitor; White Coat vs. Business Casual". Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1558882770959141.

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Bois, Catherine Linnea. "Structural brain imaging in individuals at high familial risk of schizophrenia". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22045.

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Schizophrenia is often a debilitating psychiatric disorder, characterised by both positive and negative symptoms, and cognitive and psychosocial impairments. The established disorder has been associated with a number of brain abnormalities, however it is at present unknown whether these brain changes occur prior to onset of schizophrenia, or in unaffected relatives with a familial vulnerability to develop the disorder, or only in those at high risk that go on to develop the disorder. Furthermore, most studies have been conducted cross-sectionally, which may have obscured subtle longitudinal changes in familial high risk individuals, and these studies tend to have focused on localized cortical gray matter , and thus it is unclear whether they affect different cortical parameters differentially. Prospective familial high risk studies utilizing surface based MRI programmes provide a good method to investigate this. In the Edinburgh High Risk Study, structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of 150 young individuals at familial high risk of schizophrenia, 34 patients with first-episode schizophrenia and 36 matched controls were obtained. Of the high risk participants with scans suitable for analysis, 17 developed schizophrenia after the scans were taken, whilst 57 experienced isolated or sub-clinical psychotic symptoms, and 70 remained well. We used Freesurfer to extract volumetric and surface-based measurements of several cortical and localized sub-cortical regions with the aim of assessing whether any alterations found were present in all those at high risk, or selectively in the high risk cohort based on future clinical outcome, or only in those experiencing their first-episode of psychosis. It was found that those experiencing their first episode of schizophrenia exhibited significantly more widespread brain alterations compared to those at high risk or controls, both on a more global cortical level and in more localized regions of the cortex, with cortical thickness being generally thinner than in the other groups, and cortical surface area and gyrification increased compared to the other groups. An increased global surface area was also shared with the HR[ill] group, suggesting that this could be a marker that is predictive of future transition to psychosis. Within the high risk cohort, some brain alterations seemed to present as general vulnerability markers, specifically in the temporal lobe at baseline, whilst longitudinally both localized and global cortical alterations distinguished the high risk cohort from the control group, and a different developmental trajectory of the hippocampus was also found. These findings show that some brain alterations may be more accurately characterized as general vulnerability markers of the disorder, whilst some are specifically present in patients who have experienced their first episode of schizophrenia, whilst some also occur before disorder onset in those at high risk that go on to develop schizophrenia. The findings have some clinical implications, as they suggest that it is possible to assess who at high risk will go on to develop schizophrenia based on brain structural alterations. This may provide clinicians with an early window of opportunity for intervention, as it has been found that early intervention may improve patient's prognosis. The findings also have important implications for the understanding of the underlying eitology of schizophrenia, as they suggest that some of these alterations are present before illness onset, and not associated with medication effects, thus potentially lying on the causal path of developing schizophrenia.

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Papmeyer, Martina. "Structural brain imaging and cognitive function in individuals at high familial risk of mood disorders". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15915.

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Bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are characterised by a fundamental disturbance of mood, with strong support for overlapping causal pathways. Structural brain and neurocognitive abnormalities have been associated with mood disorders, but it is unknown whether these reflect early adverse effects predisposing to mood disorders or emerge as a consequence of illness onset. The Bipolar Family Study is well-suited to examine the origin of structural brain and neuropsychological abnormalities in mood disorders further. The volumes of subcortical brain regions, cortical thickness and surface area measures of frontal and temporal regions of interest and neuropsychological performance over a two-year time interval was compared at baseline and longitudinally between three groups: young individuals at high risk of mood disorders who subsequently developed MDD during the follow-up period (HR-MDD), individuals at high risk of mood disorders who remained well (HR-well), and healthy control subjects (HC). The longitudinal analysis of cortical thickness revealed significant group effects for the right parahippocampal and right fusiform gyrus. Cortical thickness in both of these brain regions across the two time points was reduced in both high-risk groups relative to controls, with the HR-MDD group displaying a thinner parahippocampus gyrus than the HR-well group. Moreover, a significant interaction effect was observed for the left inferior frontal and left precentral gyrus. The HR-well subjects had progressive thickness reductions in these brain regions relative to controls, while the HR-MDD group showed cortical thickening of these areas. Finally, longitudinal analyses of neuropsychological performance revealed a significant group effect for long delay verbal memory and extradimensional set-shifting performance. Reduced neurocognitive performance during both tasks across the two time points was found in the HR-well group relative to controls, with the HR-MDD group displaying decreased extradimensional set-shifting abilities as compared to the HC group only. These findings indicate, that reduced left parahippocampal and fusiform thickness constitute a familial trait marker for vulnerability to mood disorders and may thus form potential neuroanatomic endophenotypes. Particularly strong thickness reductions of the parahippocampal gyrus appear be linked to an onset of MDD. Moreover, progressive thickness reductions in the left inferior frontal and precentral gyrus in early adulthood form a familial trait marker for vulnerability to mood disorders, potentially reflecting early neurodegenerative processes. By contrast, an absence of cortical thinning of these brain regions in early adulthood appears to be linked to the onset of MDD, potentially reflecting a lack or delay of normal synaptic pruning processes. Reduced long delay verbal memory and extradimensional set-shifting performance across time constitute a familial trait marker for vulnerability to mood disorders, likely representing disturbances of normal brain development predisposing to illness. These findings advance our understanding of the origin of structural brain and neurocognitive abnormalities in mood disorders.

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Delmonte, Sonja Charlotte. "An investigation of language and communication, from infancy to middle-childhood, in children at high familial risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-investigation-of-language-and-communication-from-infancy-to-middlechildhood-in-children-at-high-familial-risk-for-autism-spectrum-disorder-asd(dfbc091e-7ce6-415e-bb37-b64bad19065f).html.

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Atypical language development has been well documented in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and may also form part of the broader phenotype. The principle aim of this review is to systematically examine the early predictors of language development in ASD and those at familial risk of developing ASD. In addition, it aims to examine whether early markers of language development are the same or different for those with ASD/familial risk and typically developing controls, and to examine the point in development at which markers emerge. PsychINFO, PsychArticles, Medline, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched systematically in line with PRISMA guidelines. Studies were included if they were a prospective longitudinal design and reported potential predictors of language outcomes in ASD and at risk populations at ≤3 years of age. Results from 37 papers, meeting inclusion criteria, were synthesised. Aspects of social attention, attention to and processing of speech, gesture use, responding to and eliciting interaction, motor skills and imitation predicted language outcome. There was no evidence that infant affect predicted language outcomes. Studies did not report the longitudinal association between neurocognitive abilities such as executive function and language outcomes. The results highlighted the need for future studies to examine causal mechanisms in order to uncover the origin of language impairment in ASD and also indicated a number of potential targets for early intervention in those at risk of the disorder. Intervention studies, as well as multi-level and multi-time point techniques, may elucidate causal mechanisms in future work.

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Capawana, Michael R. "The Academic Achievement and Thriving of Overweight Children from High-Poverty Urban Schools within an Optimized Student Support Intervention: Moderating Effects of Psychosocial and Familial Strengths and Needs". Thesis, Boston College, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:106724.

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Thesis advisor: Mary E. Walsh
Childhood obesity is a pervasive health issue in the United States. Research has demonstrated that various correlates are associated with the onset and maintenance of overweight status, including physical health conditions, psychological well-being, interpersonal relationships, family functioning, and educational attainment. Policymakers and educators have agreed that elementary and secondary schools are crucial settings for the promotion of healthy development and ameliorating obesity. Therefore, comprehensive school-based interventions that collaborate with community agencies are being implemented to improve the achievement and well-being of at-risk students. The present study focused on City Connects, an optimized student support intervention grounded in relational developmental systems theory that functions in predominantly high-poverty urban locations. City Connects recognizes students as possessing unique constellations of protective and risk factors (i.e., strengths and needs), and an integral aspect of the intervention is that it connects students to tailored services to enhance strengths and address needs. The endeavor of the present study was to examine K-5 students that City Connects identified as manifesting with overweight issues via a holistic, collaborative assessment process, and how these students differed from peers not designated as overweight. Findings indicated statistically significant differences across the groups, in terms of demographic characteristics, overall level of perceived risk, strengths and needs recognized, school-related academic and thriving outcomes, and the influence of specific psychosocial and familial strengths and needs on those school outcomes. Specifically, students presenting with overweight concerns were more likely to be from lower socioeconomic backgrounds; have a high association with special education service needs; represent a more intensive overall risk level; manifest a diverse array of strengths and needs across academic, social-emotional/behavioral, family, and health/medical domains; and mostly exhibit poorer school performance. The effects of certain strengths and needs moderated school performance differences in several instances. Implications for theory, policy, and practice are discussed, with recommendations for future research
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2016
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Counseling, Developmental and Educational Psychology

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Griffiths, Timothy D. "Neurological and physical abnormalities in familial and sporadic schizophrenia : a study of the phenotype of schizophrenic subjects and their relatives from populations with a high or a low genetic risk of the disorder". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364042.

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Teixeira, Eliane Tavares Natividade. "Adiamento da maternidade: do sonho à maternagem". reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 1999. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/5325.

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Made available in DSpace on 2012-09-06T01:12:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) 145.pdf: 641826 bytes, checksum: 2dfa402b4643fbeb63eb472871487783 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1999
Discute o fenômeno do adiamento da maternidade após os 35 anos, relacionando-o ao processo de Destradicionalizaçao Social, que vem ocorrendo em todas as esferas da vida cotidiana-inclusive, no contexto sócio-familiar brasileiro. Independente das transformaçoes no ethos da maternidade, o discurso médico define, a partir do enfoque de risco, o que é "normal" e "anormal"nos comportamentos reprodutivos. Com base nestes pressupostos analisamos as percepçoes das mulheres que adiaram a maternidade, para depois dos 35 anos, em relaçao ao relacionamento afetivo-familiar, ao trabalho, a gravidez e à maternidade. Foram realizadas, no Ambulatório de Pré-Natal do Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto (entre julho e outubro/1998), nove entrevistas com gestantes entre 36 e 39 anos, nao portadoras de doenças crônicas ou intercorrências físico-clínicas. Os resultados deste estudo, qualitativo, indicam que o processo modernizador e as conseqüentes mudanças nos tradicionais padroes familiares, imprimem suas marcas na experiência da maternidade. Essa revisao de valores, referentes à funçao feminina e ao papel materno acompanha a incorporaçao da mulher ao mercado de trabalho e o crescente peso do capital escolar. Tornou-se possível concluir ainda, que em funçao dos valores atuais, o "ser mae" para algumas mulheres nao é mais percebido como o único objetivo, já que o trabalho é fonte de realizaçao pessoal.
The present study has the purpose of discussing the phenomenon of the postponement of maternity to the age of 35 years aged of, relating this process to the Social Destraditionalization, which is taking place in all everyday’s spheres, inclusively in Brazilian social-familiar context. Apart from the changes in the ethos of maternity, the medical speech defines, from the risk focus, what is normal and abnormal in the reproductive behavior. Based on such assumptions we analysed the perception of women who postponed maternity to the age of 35 years, associating that to the affective-familiar relationship, work, pregnancy and mothernity. We interviewed nine pregnant women between 35 and 39 years old in the Ambulatory of the Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto from july to october of 1998, who had no chronic illness or physical- linicalintercurrency. The results of this qualitative study points out that the modernizing process and its changes in the traditional familiar standard, influences the experience of maternity. This review of values which reters to the female functions and the mother role follows to the incorporation of women to the job market and the steady increase of the school capital. We were also able to conclude that because of the current values, “being mother” to some women is no longer realized as the only aim in life, seeing that work is as personal achievements.

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Lee, Chia Yu, i 李佳諭. "High-risk Families Show Resilience". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74458797521950103582.

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碩士
東吳大學
社會工作學系
101
This study is based on a resilience of a high-risk family, expect to explore the characteristics of resilience in family crisis events. Therefore, I have interviewed eight high-risk family members and three social workers. The selection criteria is the following points： 1. In high-risk families, they are willing and communication skills of family members, and over eight-year-old children in the families. This will improve paper richness and correctness. 2. After the closing time of the high-risk families must be required within a year, to avoid too long cause family members forgetting important events, interactive and relevant information. 3. High-risk families after the closing did not re-enter the "high-risk family service plan. 4. High-risk families must be actively closed, not because they move or lose contact. The research results can discover some traits of resilience. For example, like to seek and obtain social support, family member personality, professional skills, peer support. Aspects of the personality of the family members, they were positive and proactive, sincere attitude, optimism, self-awareness, kindness, sense of humor ... and so on. Therefore, the high-risk family members use the qualities of resilience in danger, so that families can smooth the ride out the storm in the midst of a crisis. In conclusion, the researchers hope that social workers can use empathy and sensitivity to explore the plight of the high-risk families, and to provide appropriate services for high-risk families. I hope the government and organizations can pay attention to the formal support system, and effectively integrate all of our resources to avoid waste of resources. Finally, I hope that family members can be active and optimistic attitude to face the crisis event. If you have been unable to cope with the crisis, you must seek to help. Therefore, the researchers expect that all families can successfully through difficulties.

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LI, JIA-JHEN, i 李佳蓁. "Implementation analysis of the High-risk families program". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/a74nqf.

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碩士
東海大學
社會工作學系
105
The study origin and aims: The high-risk families program has been extended in Taiwan for 13 years, but it is less explored from the perspective of the policy. This study is discussed with framework for policy analysis of Paul Spicker to find out the implement of main meaning of high-risk families program, answering following questions: 1. The values of program and what it wants to achieve; 2. The situation context of the program has been developed; 3. The methods of the program and how to do it; 4. The evaluation criteria measure the program of expected effect; 5. Implementation; 6. Evaluation of implement result, and it will happen on things possibly. In this study used Qualitative content analysis, selection of source text which was relative to the high-risk families program, such as official documents, commissioned research reports, and books, journals, articles, reports, newspaper, magazines, to name just a few. 　　The study finding: 1. The program value is based on prevention to ensure that child and youth could get good care from family, and decrease incidence rate of the cases about child and youth abuse, domestic violence, sexual assault. 2. In order to sharpen the policy act and the shortage of child and youth protection of social worker, hence, it meets the social change; 3. Expand the system which is reported of high-risk families, and connect the public sector and private sector to provide the prevention services, including the supportive services and supplementary services. 4. It has no standardized indicators to evaluate effect of the program implementation. Furthermore, it is slightly various from local government to local government. 5. The program is implemented in local self-government, the services have been deemed to be flexible by different local government. It offers information or sources to improve risk level of family with case management services. In practical experiences, there are often confronted with institutional dimension and implementation dimension conflict; also, community resources dimension limit would affect the quality of service in it. 6. Viewing the date about implementation of high-risk families program from 2012-2016 found that almost the high-risk families reported from the educational agency, the police administration agency and the social affairs agency. The termination rate of opened cases with high-risk families is more stable near 2 years. The trend of the service size shows negative increase. The type of problems in families of opened cases often has issues or problems about financial hardship, weak supporting system and family conflict. And emotional support and financial support often offer more than other services. 　　The study is expected that the findings might be used as a reference for similar studies, social welfare plans in future.

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22

Hsieh, Hsin-pei, i 謝幸蓓. "A Preliminary Study on High-risk Families Intervention Model". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47473053885453481106.

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碩士
國立暨南國際大學
社會政策與社會工作學系
96
This study aimed at firstly exploring theories that social workers base on, goals for intervention, methods of evaluation, contents of intervention, strategies and techniques, evaluations of intervention and the role of the workers; secondly inducing and analyzing the intervention models of high-risk families and relative causes affecting the execution of the models in expectation of setting up exemplifications for future works. With the qualitative phenomenological approach, semi-structural in-depth interview was mainly adopted for collecting data in addition to service agencies’ portfolios, interventional summaries of relative cases and the researcher’s personal notes. The interviewees were seven social workers engaged in the interventional service for high-risk families in central Taiwan during 2005 and 2006. The important findings are as follow. Three interventional approaches were emerged from personal experiences of the seven social workers who served high-risk families in central Taiwan: 1.Social and psychological stress adjustment approach: to dissect family problem in the view of psychosocial approach. The short-term goal for intervention was to improve financial or easily handled problems; altering attendants’ parental attitude and had family members be able to find resources for assistance were the mid-long-term goal. In aspect of interventional strategy, analysis, confrontation, and suggesting were often taken and introduced to clients. The role social worker played was counselor, educator, resources coordinator and intermediary. 2.Family systematical and ecological approach: comprehending family systematic function and its interaction with ecological system in the view of eco-system theory . The long-term goal is, by means of connecting with community resource, modifying attendants’ parental attitude or breeding scheme to facilitate isolated families. In aspect of interventional strategy, social workers would indicate negative effects after aggravation of the problem to clients, brainstormed with them and encouraged them in solving problems. Social workers acted as advisers, educators, problem-solvers, coordinators between family members, resources coordinators and intermediaries. 3.Family strengths and empowerment approach: with manipulation of a view of strengths perspective and empowerment theory, value the strengths clients had from their thoughts or experiences. In aspect of interventional strategy, the worker usually use role-play and other demonstrative skills, and moreover to strengthen clients’ subjectivity on action shifting. Social workers here chiefly empowered, secondarily educated their clients, and were agencies for resources. Four factors for high-risk-family service model operation were extracted from personal experiences of the seven social workers who served high-risk families in central Taiwan. “Clients’ factor” included traits, emotions and cognition, material reliance or metal disease, and motivation to alter of child care giver. “Social workers’ factor” contained professional knowledge, and self-awareness related to interpretation and understanding interviewee had toward clients. “Program’s internal constructive factor” contained caseload and independent supervision in different agencies. “Program’s external factor” embraced the lack of legal authority for intervention, not being respected as a professional, unequal distribution of resource and information, the lack of consensus on collaboration between service agencies and if authority-in-charge could collaborate with all service agencies. Based on the above findings, discussions and advices were provided to be exemplifications for future practice and research.

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Warren, Hillary A. "An integrated approach to prevention of obesity in high risk families". 2010. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cehsdiss/59/.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2010.
Title from title screen (site viewed April 15, 2010). PDF text: 90 p. : ill. Publication: Open Access Theses and Dissertations from the College of Education and Human Sciences. Includes bibliographical references.

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24

Chang, Ya-Chun, i 張雅淳. "The Application of Positive Psychology in Promoting Family Flourishing in High-Risk Families". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/eq2nc7.

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博士
國立臺灣師範大學
人類發展與家庭學系
105
The current study aimed at understanding the behaviors and attitudes toward family flourishing in high-risk families, developing positive psychology-based family education program, and evaluating the program effects on in behavioral and attitude changes toward family flourishing among high-risk families. Experimental design was conducted in the current study, in which 68 participants form 30 families were given a 2.5-day “positive psychology-based family education program”. Each participant, regardless of a parent or a child from the high-risk family, was asked to fill out the “family flourishing questionnaire” in the beginning, at the end, and three weeks after completing the program. The “high-risk family interview”, the “high-risk family interview from social worker”, as well as program materials including “activity sheets” and “course feedback forms” were also used in the study to evaluate and record participants’ learning status, performance, within-family interaction, feedbacks, and accomplishments of the program assignments. Statistical analysis were carried out to examine the effectiveness of the program, and the results were as follows: 1.The behaviors and attitudes towards family flourishing were both above average on the response scales among high-risk family members. Both outcomes left rooms for further improvements. 2.There were significant differences in family flourishing questionnaire between the pre-and the post-program measures. This differences were both observed in parent’s and children’s responses. The post-program scores on the behavior and attitude family flourishing were significantly higher than those in the pre-program questionnaire. This result suggested that the developed positive psychology program could improve high-risk family member’s attitude and behavior towards family flourishing. However, significant differences were not identified in the “parents’ attitude and behavior of meaningful-accomplishment” and the “children’s attitude of positive emotion” sub-scores between the pre-and the post-program. 3.Based on the three-week follow-up questionnaire, the scores in engagement, positive emotion, and attitudes and behaviors toward family flourishing seemed to decrease, while the scores were still greater than the baseline assessment. This result provided preliminary evidence of the continuous effect among the program receivers. 4.The administration of the designed positive psychology-based family program overall resulted in positive outcomes including increased family attachment, family strength, a sense of family belonging, transitions in family roles and stronger connections in social resources. Finally, based on the above results, main suggestion from this study was that family education courses should be promoted in high-risk families. Future directions for families, educators, and future research were also provided.

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25

MEI, CHANG SU, i 張素梅. "The Experience of Receiving Intervention Services of Child protection Families and High-Risk Families ---Taking Taichung Country as an Example". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20425059775664814568.

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碩士
東海大學
社會工作學系
97
Recently the child abuse is been serious question, the government for promotes safeguard the child safety, impels the family intervention services plan. This research goal is discussing the experience of receiving intervention services of child protection families and high-risk families, take does as the child protection to meet the reference. Therefore, in this research picks in the quality research method the depth interview , takes the research field territory by Taichung country, decides the stratified purposive sample way to carry on, designates 6 families have been interviewed. This research separately introduces these six client family's stories, again carries on the findings analysis. The study results as follows： First, at the beginning of contact naming influence relations establishment and service impetus: Relational establishment lies in the initial contact impression and consciousness, the relational establishment will affect following intervention. When initial contact, the social worker suddenly intervenes, often lets the client family pick the opposition attitude, increases the difficulty which the future will intervene. The social worker also possibly when completely has not understood the client family on legally the administration, but makes the client family feeling is by the blame, hindrances relations establishment. Second, the resources link are the client family impression deepest service content: The client families all experienced generally to obtains the economical assistance and the material from the social worker, also all mentions the social worker to request the parenting education , but also receives the social worker to provide subsidy application, active opportunity provision, non-periodical visiting, telephone care services and so on. Third, relational change between client family and social worker：The client families after the social worker service, each other relations also had the change. The relational change, possible initial stage establishment good relations, will maintain after intervention stage. In initial stage is opposition, Afterwards because of understood has the trust. Also has, from start, impression fuzziness, continues the development further not to relate. Forth, the experience of child protection family and high-risk family : The majority of child protection families and the high- risk families have the similar family characteristic, however, they have many differences to social worker's impression, the high risk family says, the social worker contacts the number of times with the client family is few, the client family experience nature is light. Because on the contrary, the child protection family the long time and the social worker contact, each other relations know well, the trust. Fifth, the abuse risk improvement condition：Although the major part client families all feel social worker's unkindness and the warmth, after intervention, they welcome money, turning down change the parents responsibility function, But concern core question, intervenes after the government department, the paternal grandparents' aid only reduce the risk temporarily, but the family preservation or reunification the road to be still far. According to the conclusions finding of the research, puts forward following several suggestions: First, family risk prevention: The family education importance is not allow to neglect, initiates the early prevention importance , the school education should instill into the student correct family view and the marital view, using community's support system, the network unit's relation, has together impelled the integrity son few protection work. Second, policy plan: Suggested that the government must strengthen the high-risk family service, increases the social worker manpower to prevent the family question the occurrence, provides the support attendance resources, decreases the main care person's pressure, elastic stipend, gives the social worker right to independence to penetrate the client family to provide complete family intervention services. Third, social work specialty: The social worker at the beginning of the establishment which relates with the client family, is having the naming or the label not suitably enters the client family, only do not habitually use the material linked method. Provides in the service, the enhancement specialist's direction mechanism, the enrichment specialized ability training. Forth, future research: The future research will be able to overcome the sampling to be narrow-minded, riches interview family member, increases interview number of times.

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26

Huang, Chiung-I., i 黃瓊儀. "The Decision Making of High Risk Families - the Study of the New Social Workers". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pd63h3.

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碩士
朝陽科技大學
社會工作系
105
From the perspective of new high-risk family social workers, this study explored how the environment context affected their decision-making, whether they were aware of decision-making blind spots, and what working pressure they had when engaging in the services for high-risk families. In this study, the qualitative research method was adopted, and in-depth interviews were used for data collection. Through the in-depth interviews with eight new high-risk family social workers, the research findings and conclusions were summarized as follows: 1. New social workers were afraid of being unable to well assess the cases and worried about others’ evaluation. 2. Case factors were the prerequisite to decision-making. 3. Organizational factors were the key consideration factors for decision-making. 4. External factors had an indirect influence on decision-making. 5. Decision-makers’ professional self-confidence, seniority and values affected the decision-making and its threshold. 6. All factors interacted with each other and further affected the decision-making, such as: (1) the support of organizational factors could reduce the pressure of external factors; (2) organizational factors could affect decision-makers’ threshold level of decision-making; (3) the interaction among organizational factors, case factors and decision-makers would affect the assessment of the case risk. 7. New social workers could only observe their decision-making blind spots by being reminded by others or keeping records during decision-making. They need to avoid falling into the blind spots of “preconceptions” and “decision myopia. Lastly, based on the research findings, this study has suggested the following recommendations: 1. The aspect of practical work: (1) Organize and compile the cases and provide complete pre-service training and on-the-job training for new social workers. (2) Build a mentoring system. (3) It is recommended that the reviewing materials of the organization can be more diversified. (4) Establish an open supervisory relationship to assist new social workers in making appropriate decisions. (5) The communication between the two systems, child and youth protection and high-risk families, should be enhanced to reduce social workers’ frustration during decision-making and to improve the service performance. (6) Use the statistical information and the sampling test of case records to have a better understanding of the decision-making blind spots in practice. (7) Enhance new social workers’ sensitivity to decision-making blind spots. 2. The aspect of high-risk family policy: (1) It is recommended to modify the case-opening indicators and crisis-classifying indicators for new social workers to have a stronger decision-making basis. (2) Incorporate the implicit psychodynamic data into the estimated case risk to enhance the accuracy of the estimates made by new social workers.

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Shih, Ya-Chih, i 施雅芝. "Therapeutic Elements of Drama Therapy for the High-risk Families'' Children of Emotional Competence". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81812114846515338632.

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碩士
淡江大學
教育心理與諮商研究所碩士班
98
This main discussion is for the influence of therapeutic elements on emotional competence of the high-risk families'' children. Six members are sifted and recommended from the teachers, who live in high-risk families and are fifth grade students in the elementary school. The group of eight sessions is conducted. The acquisition and analysis of data from the scale and team process records are in order to know what change of emotional competence in drama therapy group, and what kinds of therapeutic elements influence the change of emotional competence. The results are as follows: 1.Drama therapy group can arouse and repair emotional competence of members. 2.Therapeutic elements of drama therapy made influence on emotional competence of members repeat on three stages of the team process. For example, spontaneity, related to the events in the reality, play, transformation, the process of creativity and testimony. 3.The other four subjects are detected in the team process, like the issue of aggression and sex, negative self-evaluation, seeking for security, and the interaction of using negative language and behavior to someone. 4.The members show signs of the contradiction and separation anxiety in the team process.

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28

Chien, Kuo-Liong, i 簡國龍. "Segregation Analysis of Apolipoproteins A1 and B in Families of High Risk and Control Adolescents". Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75631838336573186817.

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博士
國立臺灣大學
流行病學研究所
88
Background and Objectives: Apolipoprotein (Apo) A1 and B concentrations are good discriminators for morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases. There is significant heritability estimate of Apo A1 and B in family and twin studies. Reports of segregation analyses on the mode of inheritance of Apo A1 and B are inconsistent because of heterogeneity in study population or adult diseased probands. The objectives of this study were to study the mode of inheritance of Apo A1 and B in the families of high risk and control adolescents, ascertained from the same community. Methods: High risk probands were ascertained according to higher risk scores in one school students, and control probands were selected by randomization in other students. First relatives were recruited. Apo A1 and Apo B were measured by turbidmetric immunoassay methods. After adjusted for gender, age, body mass index, smoking and drinking status, residual values were subjects to further analyses including familial correlation, commingling analysis and complex segregation analysis. Results: The mode of inheritance of Apo A1 was best explained by nontransmitted environmental plus familial correlation model, and there were significant spouse correlation. No heterogeneity existed between high risk and control families. There were higher levels of triglyceride and Apo B values in families supporting environmental model than in families supporting Mendel model. The mode of inheritance of Apo B was best explained by major gene plus familial correlation model. Higher triglyceride and Apo B levels were found in families supporting Mendel model. Conclusions: There are different modes of inheritance of Apo A1 and Apo B in familes of adolescent probands. Major gene effect is demonstrated in controlling Apo B level, and further identification of this gene locus will be studied.

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29

Wu, Yen-Chen, i 吳彥箴. "Social Workers' Perceptions of the Parentified Child in High-Risk Families : Strengths, Needs, and Challenges". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nmjpuw.

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碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
社會工作學研究所
106
The purpose of this study is to explore the parentified child in high-risk families through social workers` perceptions, and challenges social workers encountered in providing services. The study includes culture factors, apart from exploring the impact of domestic family and filial piety culture on parentalization, we find that social workers` beliefs can also affect the parentified child they saw. In addition, we explore the feasibility of legislation in parentified child, and discuss the filial piety award with high-risk social workers. The study interviewed nine senior high-risk social workers through face-to-face depth interviews, the results were as follow: I.Social workers' perceptions of the parentified child in high-risk families Social workers observed parentified child by interacting with family members, or learned about the children through school teachers. Social workers think that shortage of family economic, poor caring functions or insufficient caring resources, and poor marital relationship of parents make the reason why the parentified child existed. They also see the impact of parentalization on the family and the children. Additionally, they think that the parentified child has been concerned, parent-child and peer interaction, life planning, emotional expression and so on as talking about demands. II.Services and challenges the high-risk social workers encountered Most respondents refer to they provide family-centered services, however, some will focus on parents, and others on children. On the other hand, the difficulties and challenges social workers met were the time limit of services, resource allocation, the assessing gap of cooperation network, professional skills and reflection ability of social workers, transference and the challenges of the professional boundaries. Finally, we discuss the feasibility of legislation in parentified child, and most of the social workers didn`t think about this issue before the interview, however, if it`s to legislate, it needs to gather consensus to avoid the possible disadvantages, and make sure the benefits and the influences to the children. III.Social workers` beliefs on the parentified child Social workers` beliefs on the parentified child were influenced by their own growth experiences and values. In addition, some social workers see that children accept their own fate, but some feel they can strive to change their own fate, or reduce the child`s burden through services. Social workers also mentioned that the forms of parentified child are quite different from past to present, it needs to understand the family context and the dynamics of family members, and see the family`s strengths. The services should have localization, self-awareness and reflection are also important lessons to social workers. At last, we discuss the filial piety award. Some social workers see the benefits and impacts on the children or the family behind the award, others worry that it will cause pressure and label to the children after over rendering, and still others think it`s a prosocial praise. Lastly, according to the results mentioned above, some suggestions were proposed: I.In policy The study results find it takes a long time to legislate, however, if it will legislate in the future, it can define the parentified child and make the assessment tools, starting from “The Protection of Children and Youths Welfare and Rights Act”, and increase propaganda. II.In practice In practice, it can develop more parentified child service programs, according to children`s needs providing thorough services, and increase communication between different networks to reduce the conflicts. It can also establish complete parentified department, cooperating with communities, enhancing social workers` cultural sensitivities, seeing family`s strengths, enhancing the sensitivities of transference, and deel with the relationship boundaries through professional training. Finally, about the filial piety award, it is recommended to use more specific terms to encourage children`s performances.

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Bochantin, Jaime Elizabeth. "Sensemaking in a High-Risk Lifestyle: The Relationship Between Work and Family for Public Safety Families". Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8347.

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Past research concerning work and family has largely been from traditional, white-collar settings and has only taken into consideration the perceptions of the employees' experiences with regard to the relationship between work and family. However, there is no doubt that employees' in non-traditional settings, particularly those employed in public safety professions (i.e. police and fire) experience the relationship between work and family differently than those in white-collar settings, especially since they put their lives on the line daily for the protection and betterment of the community, society and even the world. In addition, the experiences and perceptions of work and family will undoubtedly be different for the family members (i.e. children and spouses) of those employed in such "life-threatening" professions. This study sought to understand how public safety employees, as well as their families, make sense out of the relationship between work and family by first examining what metaphors they employ to articulate the relationship between work and family. In addition, this study sought to examine if male versus female public safety employees experience the relationship between work and family in similar or different ways, as well as if police officers and fire fighters experience the relationship similarly or differently. Using qualitative methods, the findings indicate that public safety employees and their families articulate and make sense of the relationship between work and family in both similar and different ways. Contrary to previous work-family research, dominant metaphors and constructs such as balance, conflict, segmentation, etc. did not appear at all within this study. Instead, participants likened the relationship between work and family to competition, nature, organism, change, integration, opposition, ambiguity, and destruction. Public safety employees and their families also experienced and made sense of the relationship between work and family through humor, emotion management, fear and risk assessment. Findings also indicate that both male and female public safety employees internalize risk in much the same way, as well as agree that parenthood in general, is devalued in the public safety profession. With regard to differences, findings indicate that females have a harder time negotiating a healthy relationship between work and family, have their competency levels always questioned by family or co-workers, and use different language and rhetoric from males when talking about work and family. Finally, results show that police officers and fire fighters make sense of work and family in much the same way with regard to "dirty work" and communication rules but differ in terms of coping mechanisms and job satisfaction. This study suggests a number of implications for both theory and practice. The findings also point to many necessary areas of future research which could further our understanding of the relationship between work and family, not only in professions characterized by high-risk, non-standard hours and stress, but also in standard white-collar professions as well.

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31

Huang, Kai-Yi, i 黃愷宜. "Action Research of the Effects of Solution-Focused Group Therapy on Children of High-risk Families". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52026199389030053051.

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碩士
國立臺北教育大學
心理與諮商學系碩士班
98
The purpose of this research is for the discussion of Solution-focused group therapy to aid the children of high-risk families, providing recommendations for teachers of elementary schools and the workers in counseling programs utilizing the results of this study. This study, taking the form of action research, focusing on three children of high-risk families in the Happy Elementary School in the city of Taipei, which involves the implementation of solution-focused group counseling; the counseling sessions were divided into two phases; at the end of the first phase, the researchers reflect and discuss the execution of the program. After amendments and adjustments were made, follows the second phase of the group counseling program.The group activities timeframe and frequency were twice a week, and forty minutes per session, twelve sessions per phase of solution-based counseling group. This study not only aimed at the analysis of the qualitative data gathered from the group sessions, but at the same time gathered the change in self-concept prior and after the second phase of group sessions, in addition to the self-evaluation feedback forms and overall checklists; furthermore, the interviews of the attending members and their teachers, providing the evidence and supporting information for the research. According to the information gathered, the following conclusion can be drawn: I. Design of the Group Program a. To stimulate children of high-risk families in discovering meaningful solutions to problems while enhancing their self-esteem. b. Using techniques of solution-focused counseling, the children of high-risk families can be motivated to participate in the group sessions and enhance their willingness to change their actions. The methods are as follows: i. Group discussions and the signing of a group agreement, in addition, the implementation of an honor system, encouraging the members to put efforts into changing their actions. ii. Provide guidance to members in discovering their objective of growth; then through the methods of tasks and challenges, finding the solutions to their problems. iii. Utilizing a scare score to see whether they have reached their intended objective, and to clearly observe their own growth and changes. iv. Diverse activities, fun-filled, learning through playing, triggering each member to actively participate. II. Major groundwork in implementation of solution-focused group counseling program objectives for each stages of the solution-focused group counseling for children of high-risk families: a. In the initial phase of the solution-focused group, the group aimed at “action orientation” and “goal orientation,” establishing positive goals of the group, and guide the children of high-risk families in promoting their self-confidence through admiring and discovering their own strengths and potential. b. The conversion phase of the activities aimed at guiding the children of high-risk families in the exploration of experiences in success and exceptions, leading to the willingness to change and searching for solutions to problems. c. The phase of group work aims at aiding the children of high-risk families in developing their own problem-solving strategy and plans of implementation. d. Termination phase of group activities aimed at helping the children high-risk families to see the results of their own changes, and advocating the maintenances of these changes while considering how to make further improvements. III. Changes in the children of high-risk families during the group process a. Members have a positive self-assurance, and enhanced self-confidence. b. Members can utilize the successful experiences and problem-solving strategies that they’ve learned within the group in managing the problems in their own behavior. c. Using the spirit and technique of solution-focused counseling, members learned various approaches to problem-solving. d. Through positive feedbacks between group members, the researchers are able to promote members in discovering appropriate and effective solutions. In conclusion, the researcher made analysis and discussion based on above findings and propose concrete suggestions for future researches.

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CHEN, CHUNG YU, i 鐘玉珍. "Research Results: New Taipei City Kindergarten Educare Givers’ Willingness to Report on Families at High Risk". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/w58peu.

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碩士
中華大學
行政管理學系
106
This research mainly discusses how much Kindergarten educare givers in New Taipei City are willing to report on families at high risk. We used proportionate stratified sampling methods on public or private kindergartens from different districts to process data applying Descriptive Statistic, Independent Sample T Test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation, and Multiple Regression Analysis, and have reached the following conclusions: A.The educare givers who are willing to report on families at high risk are less than 50%. B.There are some difficulties and limitations for the educare givers to report on families at high risk. We view this issue from 3 different perspectives which are the comprehension and evaluation of the policy, the support provided by their kindergartens, and the educare givers personal involvement. 1.The research shows that the educare givers agree with the goal and idea of this policy about reporting on families at high risk and the evaluation of it is above average. 2.Over 80% of the subjects think their kindergartens can provide related administrative support, processing strategies and recommendations. However, the information on this issue provided by private kindergartens is weaker and less clear. 3.The research also shows that the more personally the subject is involved, the more unlikely he or she will report.

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Lin, Hui-Ting, i 林慧婷. "Public-Private Partnership on Case Management Model of Project for High-Risk Families in Taichung City". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/vy366s.

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碩士
國立暨南國際大學
非營利組織經營管理碩士學位學程在職專班
106
This research aims to explore public-private partnership on case management model of project for high-risk families in Taichung City from September 2013 to February 2017. The study is based on qualitative research and using purposive sampling. Data were collected by interviewing nine public and private sectors’ members to understand public-private partnership on case management model and the role of the case manager and public-private partnership. The results of this study show that the case management model of public-private partnerships presents a horizontal and vertical service network and influenced by power factors. Moreover, there is a conflicting relationship between public-private partnerships and case management cost control. In addition, not only public sectors but also private sectors are case managers and they both show multiple roles. The public and private sectors have a phased cooperation with long-term interaction and public-private partnerships. Due to the results of the study, under the case management model, we suggests that developing different types of cross-professional/inter-organizational cooperation mechanisms, educating cross-professional/inter-organizational network members and empowering case managers powers at the structural level. In the implementation of service, it is recommended to design a clearly divided but flexible public-private cooperation stage, establish a public sector joint visit mechanism with private sector, and educate case managers’ professional knowledge.

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34

Liou, Han-Kun, i 劉漢坤. "An Action Research on Using Picture Books for Children in High-risk Families in Elementary School". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/uw55sq.

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碩士
國立彰化師範大學
輔導與諮商學系
106
An Action Research on Using Picture Books for Children in High-risk Families in Elementary School Abstract The purpose of this research was to design a group by using picture books as main material for children in high-risk families. The research would discuss the problems undergone the program, the problems-solving strategies, the results of strategies execution, and reflect on professional growth and development throughout the research. This research was conducted by an action research. The participants were children in high-risk families from Story Elementary School in Taichung city. There were six referral children from school’s counseling office and homeroom teachers. Those children had attended the 45-minute picture-books group twice a week for five weeks under this research. When the research program ended, the researcher analyzed the data, such as records of group activity process, reflections on using picture books, observation and feedback from observers, group feedback forms and afterward interview from group members. The major findings are concluded as followings: 1.The group program’s planning and practice by using picture books for children in high-risk families. a.Members have high commitment to the planning of the group program. b.Topics discussed can cover members’ issues. c.It can inspire members to have more ideas and sympathy. d.The discussion led by the researcher after the reading can provoke members to have relief and more learning. e.Members can be benefitted from the program. 2.The strategies when facing the difficulties and results of the execution. a.To adjust the group program’s topic and application. b.The group’s plan and execution rely on administrative staff and teacher’s communication and coordination. c.Group program could go on after the members’ mood were settled.. d.Using group skill to enhance member’s concentration and focus. e.To reduce the gap between member’s understanding and expression by demonstration and explanation 3.Researcher’s professional growth and reflections a.Researcher gains the growth on using picture books to children from high-risk families by literati study on picture books and high-risk family. b.The research’s consistent reflections and awakening throughout the action research contributed to researcher’s professional growth. c.The program itself still needs to be refined and studied. d.During the research process, needed put oneself to member’s shoes. Keywords: action research , high-risk family, picture books

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Clark-Duff, Janet. "Home-Based Family Assessment And Other Factors Associated With Child Protection Outcome In High Risk Families". Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/29757.

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Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Families with serious and/or chronic child protection risks often have complex personal and social issues. Statutory child protection services must manage escalating child protection reports with limited resources. Addressing families at immediate risk often takes precedence over comprehensive family assessment and planned intervention, so the child protection issues in the lower priority families persist, and child protection reports continue. The Montrose Home-Based Family Assessment Program assesses Department of Community Services registered families who are at risk of child removal because of chronic and/or severe child protection issues. Using an ecological perspective, the Montrose team conducts a five day comprehensive assessment in the family's home and community, and develops a caseplan to address child protection risks and family support needs. The assessment is voluntary, and the family is encouraged to participate in identifying the child protection issues and developing solutions. The primary goal of this study is to compare child protection outcomes, three years after referral, for 100 families who participated in a Montrose Assessment, and 100 Comparison Group families. The research questions also explore the relationship between demographic, family, parent, child and child protection service factors and child protection outcome. Outcome is measured by Family Outcome, Children's Outcome, Legal Status, Children's Placement, subsequent Child Protection Reports and Substantiated Child Protection Reports, and Type of Abuse. The results suggest that home-based family assessment is a cost-effective model that can measurably reduce the likelihood of further abuse, court intervention and out of home care even for complex, high risk families. The study also identifies specific child, parent and child protection service related variables that are significantly associated with child protection outcome. These findings have major relevance for current child protection policy and practice, and also for broader social policy that impacts on high risk families.

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Clark-Duff, Janet. "Home-Based Family Assessment And Other Factors Associated With Child Protection Outcome In High Risk Families". 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/29757.

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Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Families with serious and/or chronic child protection risks often have complex personal and social issues. Statutory child protection services must manage escalating child protection reports with limited resources. Addressing families at immediate risk often takes precedence over comprehensive family assessment and planned intervention, so the child protection issues in the lower priority families persist, and child protection reports continue. The Montrose Home-Based Family Assessment Program assesses Department of Community Services registered families who are at risk of child removal because of chronic and/or severe child protection issues. Using an ecological perspective, the Montrose team conducts a five day comprehensive assessment in the family's home and community, and develops a caseplan to address child protection risks and family support needs. The assessment is voluntary, and the family is encouraged to participate in identifying the child protection issues and developing solutions. The primary goal of this study is to compare child protection outcomes, three years after referral, for 100 families who participated in a Montrose Assessment, and 100 Comparison Group families. The research questions also explore the relationship between demographic, family, parent, child and child protection service factors and child protection outcome. Outcome is measured by Family Outcome, Children's Outcome, Legal Status, Children's Placement, subsequent Child Protection Reports and Substantiated Child Protection Reports, and Type of Abuse. The results suggest that home-based family assessment is a cost-effective model that can measurably reduce the likelihood of further abuse, court intervention and out of home care even for complex, high risk families. The study also identifies specific child, parent and child protection service related variables that are significantly associated with child protection outcome. These findings have major relevance for current child protection policy and practice, and also for broader social policy that impacts on high risk families.

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Liao, Kun Pao, i 廖坤保. "Research on the Effects of Experience-based Adventure Education on Self-efficacy of High-Risk Families’ Adolescents". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88121316702516540985.

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碩士
國立體育大學
休閒產業經營學系碩士班
101
The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of experience-based adventure education on self-efficacy of high-risk families’ adolescents and the influence behind the factors. The selected subjects of the study were eighth-graders of a junior high school in New Taipei City who joined the programs of adventure education. In-depth interviews were held to develop texts and thematic analysis was adopted for analyzing the texts. There were six essential themes about the self-efficacy of high-risk families’ adolescents in rappelling courses of adventure education: confidence building, cooperative learning, problem-solving, self-regulatory, self-regulated learning, and social efficacy. The influence behind the adventure education contains: full value contract, the transfer of successful experience, the support and encouragement from the instructors, breaking out from the comfort zone, the social support from peers, and empowerment. Base on the findings, the researchers presented suggestions for the adventure educators, youth workers and researchers.

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Lussier, Eric, i 陸允睿. "Predictors for medical subsidy enrolment and utilization among young children from high-risk families in Taipei City". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86282715089575645810.

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碩士
國立陽明大學
國際衛生碩士學位學程
102
Introduction: Family crises are a growing concern in Taiwan. Children are especially susceptible to the harms of a family crisis. Interventions which target child health services are required to prevent future health consequences. Taiwan provides free medical care for all children less than 6. For some groups enrolment and utilization remains low. Methods: The study sample included under 6 year old children from 2009-2010 high-risk families (n=199). High-risk family database and medical subsidy database were linked. First differences between high-risk subsidy enrolees and non-enrolees, and effectiveness of a social welfare intervention were investigated. Next, birth year matched high-risk and not at-risk (1:10) cases were compared. Medical utilization and associated predictors were evaluated 1 year after enrolling. Results: Medical subsidy enrolment was correlated with a younger age at time of intervention and relative district level variables. Pre-post comparison suggests high-risk interventions significantly increased subsidy enrolment by 7.4%. Logistic regression indicates older age at time of intervention was associated with 40% less chance of enrolment. Matched pair comparisons, showed high-risk cases correlated with female gender, subsidy type, and residential district. High-risk cases were associated with decreased chances of utilization; while older age and 3rd child subsidy enrolees chances of utilization was increased. Conclusions: The study provides empirical evidence for potential effects of a high risk social welfare intervention on the accessibility to healthcare. Findings also show where policy makers can improve intervention in order to address the needs children at-risk, especially for different age groups.

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39

Chan, Ju-Ting, i 湛茹婷. "Taking the First Step to Service-The Working Experiences of Social Workers on the High-Risk Families". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89csq4.

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碩士
靜宜大學
社會工作與兒童少年福利學系
106
This study aimed to discuss the origin and the process of building the professional relationship with the high-risk families in the social workers’ point of view. The research adopted the method of purposive sampling, the subjects investigated were 9 social workers from Taichung City and Changhua County who performed high-risk families program, and picking the semistructured interviews to interview one on one in depth. The ultimate goal was comprehending social workers’ view of the professional relationship, how to build the relationship with high-risk families in the beginning, also the difficulties and strategies of intervention. The research findings found that from the social workers’ perspective, professional relationship is when the client is in trouble and asks for help, social workers have to apply their professional roles, specialized knowledge to the client, in order to solve the problems and avoid putting the life at risk for the purpose of the cooperative relationship. Additionally, the obstacles faced by social workers in building initial professional relationships with high-risk families may be due to the gap between the services expected of high-risk families and social workers, the idea of “Don't wash your dirty linen in public”, lacking of awareness of their own problems, they also worry about the involvement of social workers will make the problem more complicated and the terrible experience of using the service in the past, resulting the high risk families refuse to accept service. To response the situation of service above, social workers will use the internal resources and external resources to rebuild the bridge of relationships with high-risk families. The following three strategies will enable high-risk families to reduce their defense for social workers, so as to promote further development of the relationship between them and the follow-up services: First, social workers adopt a material strategy to provide or link resources that high-risk families need. Second, in the face of the high-risk families that are rejected in a strong and precautionary manner, social workers adopt a moderate and emotional appeals strategy, playing a role of caring and accompanied to interact with the high-risk families. They also actively create opportunities for coincidence encounters. Third, social workers should establish good interaction through trans-disciplinary and systematic consensus-building to facilitate the bridge of relationship with high-risk families. Based on the research conclusion, the researcher presented the recommendations. At the policy level, it is suggested to construct a platform and mechanism for communication between the central government, local governments and the organizations were in charge of the high-risk families program; At the practical level, suggestions include working with the entire family as a service to high-risk families, timely cooperation with trans-disciplinary and cross-system divisions and the establishment of support groups for social workers.

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40

Lin, Kuan-hsin, i 林冠馨. "A Study on the Treatment of Teenagers’ Emotions and Behaviors in High Risk Families-Applying the Strengths Perspective". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36002409775118206158.

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碩士
國立暨南國際大學
社會政策與社會工作學系
95
This study aims at applying the Strengths Perspective to the teenagers with emotional and behavioral problems from high risk families. The specific purposes are: (1) to observe the changes on the emotional and behavioral problems within the teenagers who were served; (2) to examine the adaptability and effects of the Strengths Perspective on this population and (3) based on the findings to suggest treatment model for this population.. Therefore, this study used a single subject design and utilized both qualitative and quantative approaches. Multiple sources of data were collected, including archive, case records, interviews, direction observation, and participation observation. Two teenagers and their family from Nantau were the subjects of this study. Thd major findings are as follows: First, the emotional and behavioral development of teenagers from high risk families: The impact that families brought to the teenagers were: Family resources could influence the diversity of the choices that the teenagers had; the conflicts between parents and children had also affected the teenagers’ adaptation to life;in terms of the teenagers’ developmental characteristics, they faced the crisis of self-identity, however they also tried to cope with their emotional and behavioral difficulties; yet, teenagers from high risk families also hadtheir own strengths,for instance, they could understand the situation of their families and they displayed good social learning abilities, to name only a few. Second, the findings concering the application of the Strengths Perspective to the teenagers with the emotional and behavioral problems: the relationship built between the case manager and the teenagers could influence the trust that the teenagers had on the case managers. The teenagers expected that the case manager played a role that was different from that of a teacher or their parents, and they liked to be director of their own goal. Using the strengths perspective the teenager and the case manager worked together as a teem to exert synergy, and the case manager tried every possible way to facilitate the goal-setting and personal plan; yet the ultimate purpose was to instill hope and empower them therefore their autonomy could be enhanced. Third, the influence of the researcher: In this study, the researcher was also the case manager. Thus, the researcher’s personal attributes, such as the reflection of his/her own personal life, work style, the counterpart and counterbalance between the role as a researcher and as a case manager, and the division of labor between the researcher and the agency all had crucialinfluence on the development of the cases. Based on the above mentioned findings, the discussions and suggestions are madefor the reference of related research and practice in the future.

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Wu, Tsai-Ching, i 吳采晴. "Guess How Much I Love You – Love Expression between Mother and Daughter in High-Risk Single-Parent Families". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89164581511492301795.

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碩士
輔仁大學
兒童與家庭學系碩士班
99
What is love? What’s the appearance of love in different types of family? Many people concern issues about high-risk families in recent years. Because of frequent social events, we can see the love of danger, serious, broken and irreparable in high-risk families in the news media. However, there are two sides to one coin. Everything has its pros and cons. This study attempted to proceed from the level of positive emotion. This study aimed at applying the micro of ecological system theory to discuss the love expression between mother and daughter in high-risk single-parent families. On the other hand, this study with the qualitative approach, semi-structural in-depth interview, including golden triangle theory, social support theory, role theory and strengths perspective was mainly for collecting and analyzing data. The interviewees were three mother and daughter in high-risk single-parent families in Hsinchu County. The researcher would like to share the most important findings and issues of this study as follows. 1. To Say love out loud: Mothers in high-risk single-parent families tend to express their love to their daughters directly. 2. I love you more than I can say: The way young daughters in high-risk single-parent families express their love to their mothers is influenced by the family’s microsystem. 3. One who loves well chastises well: mother and daughter in high-risk single-parent families don’t expect to treat the other this way in this study. Therefore, the researcher was initialed to reflect and percept. Are there risks in high-risk families when it comes to love, communication and interaction? Or the opposite? To express love carefully, and try to balance it. Guess how much I love you? Do you sense it? To sum up, based on the above mentioned findings of this present study, discussions and suggestions will be made at the end and hopefully give practical guides to those who dedicate their life in related issues.

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WANG, SHI-QIAN, i 王詩茜. "The Effects of Adlerian Group Counseling on Social Interest and Peer Adjustment for Children of High-Risk Families". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92445h.

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碩士
國立臺中教育大學
諮商與應用心理學系碩士班
106
The purpose of the study was to explore the immediate and follow-up counseling effects of Adlerian Group Counseling on social interest and peer adjustment for children of high-risk families. The subjects consisted of 6 elementary school student who are from high-risk families. They were attended an Adlerian Group Counseling that consisted of 12 sessions, each session takes 50 minutes.The participants were requested to complete the” Social Interest Scale” and“ Children Peer Adjustment Scale” at the pre-test, post-test and the follow-up test .The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to examine if the differences between pre-test and after-test were significant.The researcher also analyzed the feedback and interview sheet of the group members to examine the effect of the Adlerian Group Counseling. The results of this study were concluded as follows: 1.There is a significant immediate and follow-up counseling effects of Adlerian Group Counseling on social interest for children of high-risk families. 2.There is a significant immediate and follow-up counseling effects of Adlerian Group Counseling on peer adjustment for children of high-risk families. 3.There is no immediate and follow-up counseling effects of Adlerian Group Counseling on negative peer adjustment for children of high-risk families. 4.According to the feedback and interview sheet of the study, there is a positive effects of Adlerian Group Counseling on social interest and peer adjustment for children of high-risk families. Base on the results of this study, suggestions were provided for school counselors and future research.

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43

Chiu, Yi Ting, i 邱意婷. "Research on the Influence of Sexual Abuse Prevention Counseling Group Project with Female Elementary School Students in High-risk Families". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34520372736831467256.

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碩士
國立臺南大學
諮商與輔導學系碩士班
102
The main purposes of this research aimed to: (1) design a counseling group project about sexual abuse prevention for female elementary school students in high-risk families and (2) explore the participants’ variation on self-insight, self-expression, self-protection and self-assertiveness to verify the influence of the project. The counseling group project was based on the concept of sexual abuse preventive studies, and the two pilot studies. The topics of the project included ‘recognizing body parts’, ‘expressing emotion and thoughts clearly’, ‘cultivating positive attitudes towards sexual issues and thinking independently’, ‘asking for help and helping others’, as well as ‘enhancing positive self- concept’. The group leader guided the members to discuss and learn the topics through activities, picture books and games. The group counseling was carried out as follows. Two female graduate students with counseling backgrounds led the 50 minutes long group counseling sessions twice a week. The group counseling project continued for fifteen weeks in total. Without a contrast group, the participants are five fourth grade female elementary students selected from the high-risk family evaluating form. This study adopted mixed research method. The participants’ self-reported results of the self-concept scale for elementary school children were collected quantitatively before and after group counseling, and then any discrepancies in the results were analyzed with a bootstrapping method. The interviews with participants and their teachers were collected qualitatively before and after group counseling, along with the group leader’s observational record. The qualitative data were analyzed with content analysis, and quantified in qualitative results. Triangulation was used for both qualitative and quantitative results. The research results showed that this: (1) features of this counseling group project: the project satisfied children in high-risk families who wanted to be cared for and noticed. It also enhanced their self-concept, and laid emphasis on their thoughts and emotions about sexual issues; (2) influences on the participants: the quantitative results showed obvious positive change on the interpersonal self-concept after these girls’ participation in the counseling group project. Qualitative results showed apparent changes on self-insight, self-expression, self-protection and self-assertiveness. Lastly, the extra finding was the improvement of participants’ interpersonal relationships. In conclusion, the participants changed significantly and positively on self-assertiveness, interpersonal relationships, and asking for help and helping others. It showed that this counseling group project was able to enhance children’s self-concept, and it also made children confirm their capability and performance. According to the past studies, children with a positive self-concept were not easily to be the target of sex offenders. The improvements of interpersonal relationship made children not alone, and expanded their interpersonal resources. Knowing how to ask for help and help others lets children understand the meanings of helping both others and themselves. It also reduced the repetitive injury of sexual abused victims. In addition, the result indicated that kids did not discuss sexual issues actively with people around them, and their attitudes towards sex would be affected by adults. Therefore, parents’ and teachers’ positive attitudes towards sex, as well as their better relationships with children’, will be the environmental protective factors of children sexual abuse.

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Peacock, Shelley, Stephanie Konrad, Erin Watson, Darren Nickel i Nazeem Muhajarine. "Effectiveness of Home Visiting Programs on Child Outcomes: A Systematic Review". 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/5947.

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Background: The effectiveness of paraprofessional home-visitations on improving the circumstances of disadvantaged families is unclear. The purpose of this paper is to systematically review the effectiveness of paraprofessional home-visiting programs on developmental and health outcomes of young children from disadvantaged families. Methods: A comprehensive search of electronic databases (e.g., CINAHL PLUS, Cochrane, EMBASE, MEDLINE) from1990 through May 2012 was supplemented by reference lists to search for relevant studies. Through the use of reliable tools, studies were assessed in duplicate. English language studies of paraprofessional home-visiting programs assessing specific outcomes for children (0-6 years) from disadvantaged families were eligible for inclusion in the review. Data extraction included the characteristics of the participants, intervention, outcomes and quality of the studies.

Results: Studies that scored 13 or greater out of a total of 15 on the validity tool (n = 21) are the focus of this review. All studies are randomized controlled trials and most were conducted in the United States. Significant improvements to the development and health of young children as a result of a home-visiting program are noted for particular groups. These include: (a) prevention of child abuse in some cases, particularly when the intervention is initiated prenatally; (b) developmental benefits in relation to cognition and problem behaviours, and less consistently with language skills; and (c) reduced incidence of low birth weights and health problems in older children, and increased incidence of appropriate weight gain in early childhood. However, overall home-visiting programs are limited in improving the lives of socially high-risk children who live in disadvantaged families.

Conclusions: Home visitation by paraprofessionals is an intervention that holds promise for socially high-risk families with young children. Initiating the intervention prenatally and increasing the number of visits improves development and health outcomes for particular groups of children. Future studies should consider what dose of the intervention is most beneficial and address retention issues.

http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/13/17

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45

Wen-xuan, Qin, i 秦紋瑄. "Current Interdisciplinary and Challenges Encountered When Implementing Care Intervention for High-Risk Families, as Observed from the Perspective of Social Workers". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66506582895860619921.

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碩士
玄奘大學
社會工作學系碩士班
105
The present study investigated how social workers employ the operating mode of network cooperation (i.e., interdisciplinary cooperation) to ensure effective intervention when providing services to high-risk families , and analyzed and induced the problems hidden behind the use of interdisciplinary cooperation when providing services to such families. Next, this study reviewed and analyzed social workers’ actual work experiences. The objectives of the present study are as follows: explore social workers’ cooperation situations with network units when providing services to case families during the early, middle, and late intervention stages; examine social workers’ current interdisciplinary cooperation situations and challenges when taking on high-risk projects; and understand social workers’ expectations of and recommendations to the responsible units to solve related issues encountered when servicing high-risk families, and determine solutions to these issues. The present study first reviewed related domestic and foreign literature and later used the semistructured interview method to perform in-depth interviews with 15 social worker participants to understand their actual experiences and feelings. Then, the present study identified the current interdisciplinary cooperation situations and challenges encountered by the participants when providing care counseling intervention projects to high-risk families. The study results revealed that during the early interdisciplinary cooperation stage, professional teams fulfilled their duties and focused on identifying the problems and needs of the case families; during the middle interdisciplinary cooperation stage, the professional teams found resources that satisfied the needs of the case families, coordinated with units from other domains to reach consensuses, modified intervention objectives according to the intervention process, facilitated interdisciplinary cooperation, and ensured clear intervention objectives and mission; during the late interdisciplinary cooperation stage, the professional teams reengaged in interactions with the families to assess the completed projects and divided professional assessment-related labor. Concerning interdisciplinary cooperation-related challenges, they included social workers desiring professional training courses, challenges against performing promotional works, challenges against servicing the case families, challenges against complying with information management ethics, differences in resource availability, high social worker turnover rates, and difficulty reaching consensuses during interdisciplinary coordination. On the basis of the study results, the present study proposed the following recommendations: regarding the aspects of policies and systems, professional training courses should be provided to social workers to improve their professional knowledge and abilities, clear and specific implementation guidelines should be formulated for reporting indicators and mechanisms, network cooperation-related welfare should be improved, and regional differences should be reduced. With respect to the actual practice, the different needs of the case families should be addressed, information management systems should be made public, mechanisms that facilitate consensuses during interdisciplinary negotiations should be established, friendly joint visit models should be created, stable work-related support to workers should be provided, and relevant service models should be designed. These recommendations may serve as references to social workers, related researchers, and relevant units in the future when formulating interdisciplinary cooperation-based service policies for high-risk families.

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46

Tsai, Yu-Fong, i 蔡玉鳳. "A Survey on Dropout Intention for Students in Normal and High Risk Families from the Perspectives of the Culture and Social Capital". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/b5vfmn.

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碩士
國立屏東科技大學
技職教育研究所
103
The purpose of this study was to investigate the dropout intention for students in normal and high risk families in Pingtung County, particularly with the perspectives of their family’s culture and social capital. 1030 junior high students were stratified random selected. The descriptive statistics, independent sample t test, ANOVA, multiple regression analysis, and path analysis were employed to analyze the collected data. The results of this research were as the following: 1. A significant difference was found between students’ distinct family background and their family culture and social capital. 2. A significant difference was found between students’ distinct family background and the attitudes toward personal dropout behavior, dropout subjective norm, cognitive behavioral control, integrated school performance, and dropout intention. 3. Students’ family culture and social capital significantly affect their attitudes toward personal dropout behavior, dropout subjective norm, and cognitive behavioral control. 4. Students’ personal dropout behavior, dropout subjective norm, and cognitive behavioral control significantly affect their attitudes toward personal dropout behavior. 5. Students’ integrated school performance is a mediator for their dropout intention factors and dropout intention.

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47

Weatherspoon, Joni. "Analysis of high-risk hispanic families in a family support program : characteristics, factors affecting parenting skills over time, and age-paced newsletter efficacy". Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/31097.

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Two studies investigated the characteristics of high-risk Hispanic parents with young children who were enrolled in a primary prevention home visitation program targeting first birth families. In the first study, more and less acculturated high-risk Hispanic families were compared to high-risk non-Hispanic White families on differences in demographic characteristics, risk factors associated with poor child outcomes, and parent behaviors related to infant health. Using the General Linear Model Univariate procedure, these characteristics were then related to level of parenting skills, measured after approximately one year of service. A total of 1005 families were included in the study. There were important differences in parent psychosocial characteristics, health risks, and outcomes among Hispanic families. Hispanic mothers who were more acculturated, as measured by use of English in the home, were more likely to be at risk for substance abuse, mental illness, and family conflict. They were more likely to smoke and less likely to breastfeed. Less acculturated Hispanic mothers were less educated and more likely to be isolated. Controlling for pretest scores and education level, there were significant between group differences on parenting skills after one year of service, however the effect was small and overshadowed by the significant interaction effect between partner status and household category. Scores for single Spanish-speaking Hispanic mothers were significantly lower than scores of Spanish-speaking Hispanics in partner households. Risk factors that were positively associated with program progress included breastfeeding and mother's education level. Smoking, mental illness, and unrealistic expectations for the child were negatively associated with program progress. The second paper addressed the efficacy of an age-paced parenting newsletter as part of a home-visiting program for Spanish-speaking Hispanic parents. Family Service Workers serving these families delivered the newsletter and used it as a curriculum guide and teaching tool for families. Parents reported reading the newsletter, learning from it, and changing their behavior in response to newsletter content. Home visitors reported that it was a useful tool to reach high-risk parents with important parenting information. They found that it was particularly useful to combat inappropriate or unhealthful parenting advice from well-meaning family members and friends.
Graduation date: 2004

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