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Slattery, Brian, i Ian Stewart. "Hierarchical classification as relational framing". Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 101, nr 1 (6.12.2013): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jeab.63.
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Deshpande, Sameer K., i Abraham Wyner. "A hierarchical Bayesian model of pitch framing". Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports 13, nr 3 (26.09.2017): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jqas-2017-0027.
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Abstract Since the advent of high-resolution pitch tracking data (PITCHf/x), many in the sabermetrics community have attempted to quantify a Major League Baseball catcher’s ability to “frame” a pitch (i.e. increase the chance that a pitch is a called as a strike). Especially in the last 3 years, there has been an explosion of interest in the “art of pitch framing” in the popular press as well as signs that teams are considering framing when making roster decisions. We introduce a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate each umpire’s probability of calling a strike, adjusting for the pitch participants, pitch location, and contextual information like the count. Using our model, we can estimate each catcher’s effect on an umpire’s chance of calling a strike. We are then able translate these estimated effects into average runs saved across a season. We also introduce a new metric, analogous to Jensen, Shirley, and Wyner’s Spatially Aggregate Fielding Evaluation metric, which provides a more honest assessment of the impact of framing.
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Batori, Anna. "Hierarchical textual compositions and (post-)colonial framing in The View from Up Here". Short Film Studies 13, nr 2 (1.09.2023): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/sfs_00101_1.
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The article analyses the hierarchical visual compositions and framing of Marco Calvani’s The View from Up Here and argues that its carefully structured compositions create a metaphorical imbalance in power between the two main characters, an American housewife and a Syrian refugee. The repeated use of low-angle camera positions and the claustrophobic framings adds a connotative layer to the film that emphasizes the subaltern refugee’s inferior status in the view of the American.
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Palmeira, Mauricio, Nicolas Pontes, Dominic Thomas i Shanker Krishnan. "Framing as status or benefits?" European Journal of Marketing 50, nr 3/4 (11.04.2016): 488–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-02-2014-0116.
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Purpose A fundamental aspect of hierarchical loyalty programs is that some consumers get rewards that others do not. Despite the widespread use of such programs, academics have long debated whether these benefits are outweighed by the potential negative impact of the differential treatment of customers. This study aims to extend our understanding, examining the impact of message framing on consumers’ reactions to hierarchical loyalty structures. Design/methodology/approach Three online studies were conducted. Study 1 uses advertisements to manipulate the message frame’s emphasis (benefits vs status). Study 2 manipulates consumers’ frame of thought by directing their attention to either changes in benefits or status. Finally, Study 3 uses the proposed framework to reconcile contradictory findings from past research. Findings Low-frequency customers who do not expect to qualify for a superior customer tier tend to reject hierarchical programs when thinking about status. In contrast, when these customers think about concrete rewards, loyalty program messages produce no negative reactions. High-frequency customers are positively affected by communication regardless of the type of benefits framed. Research limitations/implications All studies were done online, potentially limiting the external validity of the results. Nevertheless, the impact of message framing on perceptions about the loyalty program seems to be quite robust across different studies and manipulations. Practical implications When communicating with low-frequency customers, managers should avoid promising status; customers should instead be motivated based on concrete rewards. High-frequency customers are indifferent to alternative emphasis of communication frames. Originality/value Marketing academics have acknowledged the importance of being able to reward top customers without demotivating light and moderate users. This research is the first to provide a solution to this issue.
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Zangari, Alessandro, Matteo Marcuzzo, Matteo Rizzo, Lorenzo Giudice, Andrea Albarelli i Andrea Gasparetto. "Hierarchical Text Classification and Its Foundations: A Review of Current Research". Electronics 13, nr 7 (25.03.2024): 1199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13071199.
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While collections of documents are often annotated with hierarchically structured concepts, the benefits of these structures are rarely taken into account by classification techniques. Within this context, hierarchical text classification methods are devised to take advantage of the labels’ organization to boost classification performance. In this work, we aim to deliver an updated overview of the current research in this domain. We begin by defining the task and framing it within the broader text classification area, examining important shared concepts such as text representation. Then, we dive into details regarding the specific task, providing a high-level description of its traditional approaches. We then summarize recently proposed methods, highlighting their main contributions. We also provide statistics for the most commonly used datasets and describe the benefits of using evaluation metrics tailored to hierarchical settings. Finally, a selection of recent proposals is benchmarked against non-hierarchical baselines on five public domain-specific datasets. These datasets, along with our code, are made available for future research.
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Eswara Murthy, Varsha, Matthieu Villatte i Louise McHugh. "Investigating the effect of conditional vs hierarchical framing on motivation". Learning and Motivation 65 (luty 2019): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2018.11.002.
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Xia, Miao, Wei Shi i Fulin Wang. "Impact of Leader’s Goal Framing on Followership Behavior: The Role of Work Meaning and Power Dependence". Sustainability 16, nr 5 (22.02.2024): 1806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16051806.
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While there is growing interest in leader–follower relationships in the leadership literature, little is known about how a leader’s framing effect triggers employees’ proactive behaviors. This research aims to extend previous knowledge about the effects of leaders’ goal framing and uncover their potential impacts on followership behaviors. Drawing on social information processing theory, this study proposes that both types of goal framing (gaining and losing) indirectly influence employees’ followership behaviors by mobilizing their sense of work meaning, especially when they have a power dependence on their leaders, using the method of questionnaire measurement, CFA analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, and the bootstrap tested hypotheses. The results show that gain framing indirectly contributes to employees’ followership behaviors by enhancing work meaning. Furthermore, this positive indirect relationship is stronger for employees with high power dependence. Yet another finding reveals that loss framing negatively impacts followership behavior by reducing employees’ sense of work meaning, which is unaffected by power dependence. From the perspective of the framing effect, this study verifies the influence of goal framing on employees’ behaviors and illustrates the effect of work meaning as a mechanism of goal framing on followership behavior.
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Yang, Morgan X., Irina Y. Yu, Haksin Chan i Kevin J. Zeng. "Retain or upgrade: The progress-framing effect in hierarchical loyalty programs". International Journal of Hospitality Management 89 (sierpień 2020): 102562. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102562.
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Evar, Benjamin. "Framing Co2 Storage Risk: A Cultural Theory Perspective". Energy & Environment 23, nr 2-3 (maj 2012): 375–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0958-305x.23.2-3.375.
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This research note discusses risk perceptions of CO2 storage from a cultural theory perspective. Data for consideration is drawn from several publications by key stakeholders in the CO2 storage risk debate, as well as studies of (lay) public perceptions of risk. Two strands of further research are proposed based on the data, and a claim is made that publications from one stakeholder, the EU Commission, strongly indicate a risk framing that conforms to the hierarchical typology within cultural theory. Suggestions are made for more detailed fieldwork to confirm this finding and to investigate the research questions further.
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Mwale, Mafunase, i Overson Shumba. "A Bernsteinian analysis of the recontextualisation of knowledge in the plant biotechnology lessons". Journal Of Biology Education 6, nr 1 (8.07.2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/jobe.v6i1.19463.
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<p>The goal of this study was to explore the recontextualisation of knowledge in the plant biotechnology lessons at the Copperbelt university in Zambia. The study was aimed at understanding the pedagogic discourse which the biology education students experience during their training. The study used a qualitative approach to collect and analyse the data. Observation method was used to collect the data by video recording three lessons. Bernstein’s framing and classification concepts were the analytic tools in this study. Atlas ti 8 software was used to analyse the data. The study found that the framing was strong in the hierarchical rules, selection, sequencing, pacing and that the evaluation criteria and that the framing was weak in the evaluation criteria. The classification was weak (C-) in the inter-disciplinary relations, inter-discursive relations and in the intra-disciplinary relations. These findings indicate that biology education students were not adequately prepared to teach biology in secondary schools.</p>
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Korobko, Roman V. "Framing as a method of creating a film's metaphorical context". Journal of Flm Arts and Film Studies 11, nr 2 (15.06.2019): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vgik11279-86.
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This essay continues the study of the semiotics and synergetics of Framing in the Art of Cinematography which substantiates the hypothesis that framing (perspective) constitutes one of the most important codes of screen communication in its cinematographic and metaphorical contexts. Thus, framing is represented by two hierarchical levels of representation of contextual semiotic connections: the connection between mise-en-cadre and mise-en-scne (the level of the cinematographic form of film sign); and the relationship between cinematographic imagery, action and meaning (the level of the cinema sign).
Framing consolidates the process of cinematography divided by the artistic and production dichotomy, which is especially important in the context of mass culture determined by the total industrialization of all areas of life, including cinema.
The essay is based on the statement of Sergei Eisenstein that each high film work has the unity of two dialectical categories: the content (abstract language, part of logical thinking) and the form (emotional language, part of emotional-sensory thinking). It identifies and analyzes the spatial-temporal and linear-tonal features of cinematic framing as a method of expressing the metaphorical existential context of the crisis of Russian self-identification, using as examples a number of expressive episodes of the documentary film Anna: 618 (1980-1993; dir. Nikita Mikhalkov, DOPs: Pavel Lebeshev, Vadim Yusov, Vadim Alisov, and Elizbar Karavaev). This film work is explored as a study of the socio-cultural situation in modern Russia undertaken from a multi-faceted and multi-level authorial perspective associated with expressive cinematographic framing.
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Safitri, Reza, i Rara Ayunita. "Suicide Framing on Online Media in Indonesia". Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication 38, nr 1 (31.03.2022): 256–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkmjc-2022-3801-14.
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News about suicides in online media is increasingly worrying. This is due to the fact that the news stories often show specific display and details of suicide incidents. This study aims to analyse two online media in framing suicide news and the compatibility of the news of the rules from the press Council in 2019 by using a research method adapted from Matthes and Kohring in year 2008. The data used in this research are 85 articles, with the details of 38 articles from Tribunnews.com and 47 articles from suara.com. This research is important in that, if the news is repeated with high news frequency, the mentioned detailed mode is done explicitly, to hyperbolic reporting, it will be able to cause copycat suicide. It is hoped that the results of this research can provide meaningful input for the Indonesian Press Council to provide guidance to journalists in Indonesia regarding writing suicide reports. The methodology utilised for this research is content analysis of media frames guided by Robert M. Entman and then tabulated using the ward’s method by non-hierarchical clustering. The result of the research shows that online media in Indonesia mostly frame suicide as a crime issue and show in detail the ways in which victims commit suicide. This is opposite of the Press Council’s rules in 2019 who regulated suicide as a mental health issue because it is caused not only by a single factor. Keyword: Suicide, online media, contextual jurnalism, press council, Entman’s framing.
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Sreedharan, Syam, Hyma Vijayalekshmi i Dhanya S. Palappallil. "Concept learning through question framing in Pharmacology". International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 7, nr 2 (23.01.2018): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20180106.
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Background: Framing questions is a skill that requires expertise, knowledge, guidance and mentoring. It provides structure for deep learning, critical thinking and also promotes interaction and communication. Objective of this study is to analyze the question framing skills of fifth semester medical students on a ‘must know’ area in Pharmacology.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Pharmacology of a Government Medical College in Central Kerala. After briefing about the study, each of the participants was instructed to frame a question which were collected after 15 minutes. The data on different aspects of questions was analysed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 16.Results: Total 130 students, 79 females and 51 males participated in this study. 7 questions were incomplete and excluded from further analysis. From the rest 123 properly framed questions, 106(86.2%) were correct, 10(8.1%) were partially correct and 7(5.7%) incorrect with regards to the task assigned. In this study knowledge as well as application was tested in 50.4% questions, comprehension in 21.1% and application alone in 22.8%. The knowledge dimension tested was factual in 91(74%) and conceptual in 32(26%). Non-hierarchical classification showed 96(78%) convergent and 27(22%) divergent.Conclusions: In this study majority of the participants framed direct short answer questions which reflects factual knowledge indicating their lower-level cognition. Critical thinking and procurement of higher level cognition can be attained by directing them to frame the right question especially in medical education.
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Söbke, Heinrich, i Andrea Lück. "Framing Algorithm-Driven Development of Sets of Objectives Using Elementary Interactions". Applied System Innovation 5, nr 3 (9.05.2022): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/asi5030049.
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Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is an established methodology to support the decision-making of multi-objective problems. For conducting an MCDA, in most cases, a set of objectives (SOO) is required, which consists of a hierarchical structure comprised of objectives, criteria, and indicators. The development of an SOO is usually based on moderated development processes requiring high organizational and cognitive effort from all stakeholders involved. This article proposes elementary interactions as a key paradigm of an algorithm-driven development process for an SOO that requires little moderation efforts. Elementary interactions are self-contained information requests that may be answered with little cognitive effort. The pairwise comparison of elements in the well-known analytical hierarchical process (AHP) is an example of an elementary interaction. Each elementary interaction in the development process presented contributes to the stepwise development of an SOO. Based on the hypothesis that an SOO may be developed exclusively using elementary interactions (EIs), a concept for a multi-user platform is proposed. Essential components of the platform are a Model Aggregator, an Elementary Interaction Stream Generator, a Participant Manager, and a Discussion Forum. While the latter component serves the professional exchange of the participants, the first three components are intended to be automatable by algorithms. The platform concept proposed has been evaluated partly in an explorative validation study demonstrating the general functionality of the algorithms outlined. In summary, the platform concept suggested demonstrates the potential to ease SOO development processes as the platform concept does not restrict the application domain; it is intended to work with little administration moderation efforts, and it supports the further development of an existing SOO in the event of changes in external conditions. The algorithm-driven development of SOOs proposed in this article may ease the development of MCDA applications and, thus, may have a positive effect on the spread of MCDA applications.
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Fujita, Taro, i Keith Jones. "LEARNERS’ UNDERSTANDING OF THE DEFINITIONS AND HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATION OF QUADRILATERALS: TOWARDS A THEORETICAL FRAMING". Research in Mathematics Education 9, nr 1 (kwiecień 2007): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14794800008520167.
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Luo, Haifeng, i Bor-Shuenn Chiou. "Framing the Hierarchy of Cultural Tourism Attractiveness of Chinese Historic Districts under the Premise of Landscape Conservation". Land 10, nr 2 (21.02.2021): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10020216.
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While empowering the revitalization of Chinese historic districts, the rapid development of the tourism industry may also endanger local cultures and streetscapes. To achieve the goal of sustainable development and find an approach for the Chinese historic districts to develop tourism while taking into account landscape conservation, district management, and living convenience, this paper uses expert interviews (including in-depth and Modified Delphi interviews) and structural observation to explore redefining Chinese historic districts and cultural tourism attractiveness in order to provide a hierarchical framework. The research results reveal: 1. The respective redefinitions of a Chinese historic district and cultural tourism attractiveness; 2. A hierarchical framework for the cultural tourism attractiveness of Chinese historic districts, using two aspects—the physical environment and the cultural and natural environments—and five criteria including the morphology of the landscape and tourism infrastructure, along with 21 elements, including the natural and cultural landscapes. This research is expected to provide a theoretical reference for the planning and management of tourism and landscapes in Chinese historic districts.
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Singh, Aarti, Sushil, Samarjit Kar i Dragan Pamucar. "Stakeholder Role for Developing a Conceptual Framework of Sustainability in Organization". Sustainability 11, nr 1 (3.01.2019): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010208.
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The purpose of this research is to frame the hierarchical pathway treading the sustainability factors from driving to dependent elements. Hence, this study starts with a brief literature review of the sustainable organization which enables the expansion of sustainability into essential factors. Experts further verified these identified factors and used for framing the hierarchical framework of sustainability in organizations. Total Interpretive Structural Modeling (TISM) has been applied for identifying the driving factor of sustainability and delivering the crucial links among the sustainability factors in organizations. While most of the organizations focus on sustainability by considering the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) framework, this paper has presented the fourth dimension of sustainability which drives sustainability in organizations. The hierarchical relationship is vital to identify the vitality and significance of factors. This in turn provides an efficient approach to achieve sustainability in organizations. The expert’s review has been calculated statistically to validate the factors and conceptual hierarchical framework. Hence, the policymakers make use of sustainability hierarchy to frame a correct and efficient policy for maintaining sustainable practices that help managers to shift their priorities of an organization at the managerial level from economic growth to sustainable development. Finally, the future research direction and the limitation of the study are discussed.
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Lück, Julia, Hartmut Wessler, Antal Wozniak i Diógenes Lycarião. "Counterbalancing global media frames with nationally colored narratives: A comparative study of news narratives and news framing in the climate change coverage of five countries". Journalism 19, nr 12 (25.11.2016): 1635–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884916680372.
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This study disentangles national and transnational influences on international journalism by distinguishing convergent issue framing from nationally specific narrative in news texts. In a comparative quantitative content analysis of the newspaper coverage in five democratic countries (Brazil, Germany, India, South Africa, and United States) during four United Nations climate change conferences from 2010 to 2013, both textual-visual framing and narrative features were studied simultaneously for the first time. The narrative dimension consisted of variables that gauge (1) the degree of narrativity in an article, (2) the type of narrative (i.e. stories of catastrophe, conflict, success etc.), and (3) narrative roles of victims, villains, and heroes. Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to identify both the prevailing issue frame in an article and its dominant narrative. Results show that issue frames converge more strongly across countries while narratives are more closely related to the cultural context and political particularities of each country. Investigating issue frames and narratives concurrently helps to reveal country-specific patterns of narrative coloring even for the same issue frame.
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Agramont Akiyama, Afnan, Guadalupe Peres-Cajías, Leonardo Villafuerte Philippsborn, Nora Van Cauwenbergh, Marc Craps i Ann van Griensven. "Framing Water Policies: A Transdisciplinary Study of Collaborative Governance; the Katari River Basin (Bolivia)". Water 14, nr 22 (18.11.2022): 3750. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14223750.
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Collaborative water governance deals with diverse actors under participatory systems of decision making. This form of water governance involves stakeholders with fundamentally different values and premises about water resources, as well as different understandings of the problem and how to approach it. Thus, one of the major challenges of collaborative water governance relies on the diversity of frames carried by stakeholders involved and the shift from hierarchical decision-making to a more collaborative and participative process. The fragmentation of frames can represent an obstacle, impede mutual understanding, and negatively influence decision making and policy outcomes. Based on participative observation, interviews, and document analysis, we explored the drivers behind the framing process in the multi-actor platform of the Katari River Basin, located in Bolivia. The results highlight a participatory process design favoring the fragmentation of frames and a unidirectional decision-making process, where public authority, scientific–technical expertise, and the local community’s knowledge are insulated, and communication among actors is asymmetrical. At the same time, this research reveals the influence of the political context in the framing process.
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Tian, Sen, i Liangfo Zhao. "Tolerance for corruption and descriptive social norm: An experimental study of embezzlement". PLOS ONE 19, nr 5 (20.05.2024): e0303558. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0303558.
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Public tolerance for corruption within a society significantly influences the prevalence of corrupt practices, but less is known about how this tolerance evolves with social norms. This paper presents experimental evidences demonstrating that the descriptive social norm indicating widespread corruption can lead to increased tolerance for corruptive acts. We introduce an asymmetric information ultimatum game to simulate the interactions between embezzlers and citizens. Game theoretical analysis reveals that victims anticipating corruption will exhibit greater compliance with embezzlement when the offers are evaluated based on descriptive norms. To test the hypothesis, we employ a framing effect to induce variations in descriptive norms within a behavioral experiment. Although the treatment effect is significant only in the subgroup of student cadres, this subgroup demonstrated increased beliefs about embezzlement, greater tolerance for corruption, and a heightened propensity to embezzle when exposed to framings with hierarchical implications. This paper contributes to the corruption literature by examining the effects of descriptive norms on victims’ responses to embezzlement. It offers a more comprehensive perspective on how social standards shape public opinions and corrupt actions, enhancing our understanding of the self-reinforcing nature of corruption.
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Martin, Andrew J., i Herbert W. Marsh. "Academic resilience and academic buoyancy: multidimensional and hierarchical conceptual framing of causes, correlates and cognate constructs". Oxford Review of Education 35, nr 3 (czerwiec 2009): 353–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03054980902934639.
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Gil-Luciano, Bárbara, Francisco J. Ruiz, Sonsoles Valdivia-Salas i Juan C. Suárez-Falcón. "Promoting Psychological Flexibility on Tolerance Tasks: Framing Behavior Through Deictic/Hierarchical Relations and Specifying Augmental Functions". Psychological Record 67, nr 1 (30.08.2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40732-016-0200-5.
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Telenkov, Dmytro, i Petro Katerynych. "Narrative Realism in Ukrainian TV News Layout: Editorial Strategies and Viewer Engagement (2004-2020)". Current Issues of Mass Communication, nr 35 (2024): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/cimc.2024.35.61-72.
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The main aim of this study was to investigate the strategic employment of narrative methods and presentational techniques in Ukrainian television news from 2004 to 2020. This study sought to evaluate their impact on the construction of narratives and public discourse. A mixed-methods approach was employed to analyze 531 news releases from three Ukrainian television channels: “1+1”, “Ukraina”, and “Inter”. The application of statistical methods for data processing was employed for the quantitative analysis, while the qualitative analysis comprised a rhetorical investigation of narratives and framing techniques. This approach enabled a comprehensive examination of how news narratives are structured, presented, and perceived, offering insights into the underlying mechanisms of news layouts and editorial strategies. The study’s findings demonstrated a significant reliance on conflict framing, economic consequence framing, and character-driven narratives to increase viewer engagement and comprehension. Hierarchical structuring and modular design were identified as key presentation methods that reflect adaptability to real-time broadcasting requirements and audience preferences. This investigation concludes that narrative strategies and presentation techniques play a crucial role in shaping public perception, thereby affecting the construction of media narratives and societal views. The study’s findings are significant for media practitioners and policymakers, as they emphasize the importance of narrative realism and ethical considerations in news production. The research results also offer a foundation for future studies on the effects of digital transformation on news narrative structures.
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Chan, Hong-Mo, i Sheung Tsun Tsou. "The framed Standard Model (I) — A physics case for framing the Yang–Mills theory?" International Journal of Modern Physics A 30, nr 30 (28.10.2015): 1530059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x15300598.
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Introducing, in the underlying gauge theory of the Standard Model, the frame vectors in internal space as field variables (framons), in addition to the usual gauge boson and matter fermions fields, one obtains: the standard Higgs scalar as the framon in the electroweak sector; a global [Formula: see text] symmetry dual to colour to play the role of fermion generations. Renormalization via framon loops changes the orientation in generation space of the vacuum, hence also of the mass matrices of leptons and quarks, thus making them rotate with changing scale [Formula: see text]. From previous work, it is known already that a rotating mass matrix will lead automatically to: CKM mixing and neutrino oscillations, hierarchical masses for quarks and leptons, a solution to the strong-CP problem transforming the theta-angle into a Kobayashi–Maskawa phase. Here in the framed standard model (FSM), the renormalization group equation has some special properties which explain the main qualitative features seen in experiment both for mixing matrices of quarks and leptons, and for their mass spectrum. Quantitative results will be given in Paper II. The present paper ends with some tentative predictions on Higgs decay, and with some speculations on the origin of dark matter.
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Mehmood, Maryyum. "Mapping Muslim Moral Provinces: Framing Feminized Piety of Pakistani Diaspora". Religions 12, nr 5 (18.05.2021): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12050356.
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Over the last two decades we have seen a proliferation in the number of self-proclaimed Islamic scholars preaching piety to Muslim women. An emerging few of these scholars gaining prominence happen to be women, feminizing what is predominantly a patriarchal domain of dawah (missionary work) and proselytization. Traditionally speaking, Muslim missionaries have never been restricted to a particular moral province, perhaps due to the fact that Islam was never intended as a hierarchical religion with a mosque–state divide. This makes mapping Muslim moral spaces in a hyper-globalized world—one in which shared identities and ideologies transcend territorial boundaries—all the more challenging. Using the firebrand female Muslim tele preacher, Dr. Farhat Hashmi, and her global proselytizing mission (Al-Huda International) as a springboard for discussion, this paper seeks to map out the ways in which modern Muslim women in the post-9/11 British Pakistani diaspora navigate these moral provinces. By juxtaposing the staunchly orthodox impositions of niqab-clad Dr. Hashmi, with the revolt from within Muslim spaces, from practicing, ‘middle-path’ Muslims, this paper critically engages with Saba Mahmood’s concept of the ‘politics of piety’ and its various critiques. In so doing, we reimagine Muslim spaces, as well as the moralization versus multivocality debate surrounding them, and the importance of positioning agency and complex lived realities of women occupying these spaces at the center of our analysis on Muslim moral provinces.
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Nointin, Athanasia An. "HIERARCHICAL MODEL OF INTERNAL MARKETING TO PREDICT EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION AND TURNOVER INTENTION". Journal of Applied Structural Equation Modeling 2, nr 1 (15.01.2018): 44–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.47263/jasem.2(1)05.
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The objective of this paper is to assess the predictive influence of internal marketing on employee job satisfaction and turnover intention of frontline employees of travel agencies in Sabah. Specifically, the study aims to investigate the extent to which each of the four dimensions of internal marketing (internal communication, reward system, working condition and training) affects employee job satisfaction and the intention to leave the organization.Conceptually, this study extends the concept of Internal Marketing by re framing it as a formative hierarchical construct and modeling its impact on job satisfaction and turnover intention. The two-stage approach was adopted in partial least square structural equation modeling to examine the hierarchical modeling of internal marketing. The findings suggest that internal marketing is a significant predictor of job satisfaction and indirectly influences employees‟ turnover intention. The conceptualization of internal marketing as reflective formative type of second order model was justified in this study. Other than the conceptual and empirical contribution, this study also offers an alternative method in modeling internal marketing of which could be adopted in future research.
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Huck, Adam. "Hierarchical discourse in elementary social studies: a teacher's view of decision-making". Social Studies Research and Practice 15, nr 2 (24.06.2020): 195–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssrp-01-2020-0004.
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PurposeAs school districts continue to devalue social studies through a narrowed focus on English language arts (ELA) and mathematics, this study investigated elements of curricular control in a district lacking a formal, purchased curricular program in the elementary grades. Without prescribed and scripted lessons, it was hypothesized that teacher autonomy would allow greater opportunities to investigate social studies concepts and skills.Design/methodology/approachWithout prescribed and scripted lessons, it was hypothesized that teacher autonomy would allow greater opportunities to investigate social studies concepts and skills. Bernstein's theory of pedagogic discourse guided this study's analysis of power and control. This manuscript describes a micro-level discourse analysis that applies Gee's tools on interview data from two teachers.FindingsFindings demonstrate some opportunities for teacher autonomy, but hierarchical control from administration persists and influences teacher decision-making. As researchers continue to argue for the increased presence of elementary social studies, this study demonstrates that the lack of a formal scripted curricular program presents opportunities for teachers, but administrative control endures and hinders teacher autonomy and instructional decision-making.Research limitations/implicationsThe data size and number of participants in this study may present limitations that impact generalizability. However, the focus for this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the messaging from two teachers. Comparability and translatability were identified as factors for research design to establish legitimacy (LeCompte and Preissle, 1993).Practical implicationsWhen considering implications from this study, two elements are considered. First, the continued devaluation of social studies persists, despite the implementation of Common Core standards. As a result, other measures must be investigated and implemented to ensure the subject is elevated to a more prominent position representative of its importance to a democracy. To accomplish this goal, teacher input and autonomy must also be respected to ensure a quality curriculum is utilized in the classroom. While teachers may exert control, albeit limited, in their instructional decision-making, many others are reliant on purchased programs that do not allow even this narrow classroom influence.Originality/valueIn this study, teachers' language use demonstrated external administrative control as well as autonomous decision-making. Their assigned schedule privileged ELA and math through the allocation of time. Moreover, administrators stated that social studies is not a priority, a sentiment counter to participants' values. Therefore, while they recognized the inherent benefit of the subject to their students, hierarchical power controlled the classification and framing of instruction. A weakened classification and framing structure must be sought to allow more opportunities for purposeful integration of content through messaging systems that are more responsive to students' needs.
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Mwale, Mafunase, i Overson Shumba. "A Bernsteinian Analysis of the Recontextualisation of Knowledge in the 5090 Biology Syllabus in Zambia". International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VII, nr VI (2023): 1592–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2023.7735.
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This study was focused on exploring the recontextualisation of knowledge in the 5090 Biology Syllabus in Zambia. Learners have not performed well in the 5090 Biology Syllabus. The performance poor performance in the 5090 Biology Syllabus has been attributed to a number of reasons. One of the many reasons is that teachers do not know what they are to teach and how they are to teach. The study will help to understanding the instructional and the regulative discourse in the syllabus. This will enable the Biology teachers to effectively teach biology in secondary schools. An analysis of the syllabus will inform the Biology teachers with the content in the syllabus and how the content is to be transmitted. Bernstein’s classification and framing concepts have been used as analytical tools. Indicators were developed to guide the analysis. The document was inductively coded using Atlas ti 8 software. The findings indicated a strong framing (F+) in the selection, sequencing, evaluation criteria and in the hierarchical rules. Pacing was not indicated in the document. The classification was weak in the inter-disciplinary, intra-disciplinary and in the inter –discursive relations.
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Urbániková, Marína, i Michał Tkaczyk. "Strangers ante portas: The framing of refugees and migrants in the Czech quality press". European Journal of Communication 35, nr 6 (9.06.2020): 580–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267323120928224.
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This article examines how the two most popular Czech quality dailies framed refugees and migrants during the European refugee crisis in 2015. It explores the extent to which the framing described by previous studies carried out in Western and/or destination countries can also be identified in the newspapers of a country that has had only minimal experience with migration. Instead of identifying frames beforehand and coding them as holistic variables, a routinely used approach to frame analysis, it employs a more reliable and transparent method of hierarchical cluster analysis. The dailies framed the refugees and migrants mainly as a burden on host society, as victims of a humanitarian crisis and, to a lesser degree, as a security threat. The results show that the frames used by the Czech dailies closely correspond to those described in previous research, despite the different methods of analysis and the different geographical and cultural settings.
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Kelly, John. "‘Sectarianism’ and Scottish football: Critical reflections on dominant discourse and press commentary". International Review for the Sociology of Sport 46, nr 4 (8.10.2010): 418–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690210383787.
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This article provides a critical discourse analysis of Scottish newspaper reports relating to football and ‘sectarianism’ in Scotland. It claims that there is a powerful and longstanding ideological ‘framing’ of sectarianism in sections of the Scottish press that is latently power-laden. This discourse attempts to construct and reaffirm a unified non-sectarian core identity that ‘real’ and ‘authentic’ Scots (should) share in opposition to a set of sectarian ‘others’. The various connotations attached to sectarian and sectarianism, together with their use in particular ways that reflect an ideological hegemony, are illustrated. Much of the press treatment of sectarianism is shown to lack sensitivity to the historical, hierarchical and relational aspects of religious, political and ethnic identities in Scotland.
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Pröll, Franziska, i Melanie Magin. "Framing Feminicides—A Quantitative Content Analysis of News Stories in Four Colombian Newspapers". Journalism and Media 3, nr 1 (8.02.2022): 117–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/journalmedia3010010.
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Colombia is marked by high levels of gender-based violence. In 2020, 630 women were murdered because of their gender. The number of these feminicides increased under the coronavirus lockdown that began in March 2020. Although the news media play a crucial role in shaping the public’s notion of feminicides, empirical studies on the media’s portrayal of feminicides in Colombia are scarce. The present study involved a quantitative content analysis of articles published in four Colombian newspapers to determine how they reported on feminicides from August 2019 to July 2020 (sample size: 139 articles, comprising 1798 paragraphs). The period under investigation allowed for a comparison of news coverage before and during the lockdown. By means of hierarchical cluster analysis, we identified four frames: “gender-based inequalities and discrimination against women”, “perpetrators in front of the court”, “prehistory and course of events of the feminicide”, and “reactions of neighbors, eyewitnesses, and villagers to the feminicide”. Our findings suggest that the four newspapers under investigation paint rather similar pictures of feminicides. We also found that the date an article was published in relation to the COVID-19 quarantine had little influence on the frequency at which the clusters appeared.
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Barney, Jacob N., i Daniel R. Tekiela. "Framing the concept of invasive species “impact” within a management context". Invasive Plant Science and Management 13, nr 2 (4.05.2020): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/inp.2020.8.
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AbstractGovernments and conservation organizations worldwide are motivated to manage invasive species due to quantified and perceived negative ecological and economic impacts invasive species impose. Thus, determining which species cause significant negative impacts, as well as clear articulation of those impacts, is critical to meet conservation priorities. This process of determining which species warrant management can be straightforward when there are clear negative impacts, such as dramatic reductions in native diversity. However, the majority of changes to ecosystem pools and fluxes cannot be readily categorized as ecologically negative or positive (e.g., lower soil pH). Additionally, diverse stakeholders may not all agree on impacts as negative. This complexity challenges our ability to simply and uniformly determine which species cause negative impact, and thus which species merit management, especially as we expand invader impacts to encompass a more holistic ecosystem perspective beyond biodiversity and consider stakeholder perspectives and priorities. Thus, we suggest impact be evaluated in a context that is dictated by governing policies or conservation/land management missions with the support of scientists. In other words, within each jurisdiction, populations are identified as causing negative impact based on the hierarchical governing policies and mission of that parcel. Framing negative impact in a management context has the advantages of (1) easily scaling from individual landscapes to geopolitical states; (2) better representing how managers practice, (3) reflecting invasive species as spatially contextual, not universal, and (4) allowing for flexibility with dynamic ecosystems undergoing global change. We hope that framing negative impact in an applied context aids management prioritization and achieving conservation goals.
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Wang, Yuting, Hefu Liu i Jie Fang. "Mitigating risk perception in imbalanced supply chain relationships: roles of contract framing and IT integration". Industrial Management & Data Systems 122, nr 4 (21.03.2022): 864–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-01-2022-0041.
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PurposeThis paper aims to investigate that how to mitigate the weaker party's risk perception in imbalanced supply chain relationships by framing contracts according to complexity and recurrence. The level of information technology (IT) integration is considered as the moderator influencing the effectuation of contract framing.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a questionnaire survey with 229 firms involved in imbalanced supply chains. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe authors found contractual complexity positively influenced performance and relational risk, while contractual recurrence negatively impacted performance and relational risk. This study further reveals the positive moderating effect of IT integration in influencing contractual complexity on relational risk and performance risk and the negative impact of IT integration in influencing contractual recurrence on relational risk and performance risk.Research limitations/implicationsOverall, this study posits the coordinating role of contracts in reducing the weaker party's risk perception in imbalanced supply chain relationships.Practical implicationsThe authors concluded by illustrating how to customize contracts based on the level of IT integration to maximize their role in reducing risk perception.Originality/valueThis study is embedded in imbalanced supply chain relationship, aiming to solve the problem of high-risk perception held by the weaker party, which is a salient threat to the sustainability of collaboration. Contract framing is proposed as an effective approach for mitigating risk perception, which should be carefully designed based on the level of IT integration of the relationship. The authors found that contractual complexity has a positive influence on performance and relational risk, but contractual recurrence has a negative impact on performance and relational risk. This study further reveals the moderating effect of IT integration on the effectuation of contractual framing.
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Kananovich, Volha. "Framing the Taxation-Democratization Link: An Automated Content Analysis of Cross-National Newspaper Data". International Journal of Press/Politics 23, nr 2 (kwiecień 2018): 247–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940161218771893.
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Taxpaying constitutes a major opportunity for citizens to relate to their governments. Although it is true that paying taxes is a responsibility, it also entitles citizens to claim control over government spending, which may facilitate a greater democratization of a country’s political regime. Consistent with this reasoning, a growing body of scholarship has documented a positive relationship between the size of tax revenues extracted by the state and the adherence of the country’s regime to democratic values. What has been left underexplored is the role in this relationship of the media, a commonly available and relied-upon source of information about taxpaying for the public. This study offers a first contribution in this direction, by exploring the relationship between the nature of the political regime and the rhetorical construction of the concept of a taxpayer in the national press. Based on an automated content analysis of articles (N=24,969) published by ninety-two newspapers and news agencies in fifty-one countries using a set of pretrained and validated machine-learning algorithms, the study demonstrates that the less democratic a state is, the more likely it is for the national press to frame a taxpayer as a subordinate in a hierarchical relationship with the state, by discussing taxpaying in tax collection, rather than public spending, terms. The study furthers a more nuanced understanding of the place of the media in the taxation-democratization link and demonstrates the applicability of the supervised machine-learning approach to classifying frames in large cross-national samples of newspaper data.
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Romani, Laurence, Lotte Holck i Annette Risberg. "Benevolent discrimination: Explaining how human resources professionals can be blind to the harm of diversity initiatives". Organization 26, nr 3 (22.11.2018): 371–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350508418812585.
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This article contributes to critical diversity management studies by exploring how human resources professionals do not see that the diversity measures they initiate can contribute to the reproduction of inequalities. We argue that framing such practices as benevolent obscures the fact that they are discriminatory acts. Drawing on the concept of benevolent discrimination, we conceptualise it along three dimensions: (1) a well-intended effort to address discrimination within (2) a social relationship that constructs the others as inferior and in need of help, which is granted with (3) the expectation that they will accommodate into the existing hierarchical order. Benevolent discrimination is a subtle and structural form of discrimination that is difficult to see for those performing it, because it frames their action as positive, in solidarity with the (inferior) other who is helped, and within a hierarchical order that is taken for granted. We develop the concept of benevolent discrimination building on an in-depth qualitative case study of a Swedish organisation that is believed to be exemplary in its engagement in diversity management initiatives. The organisation is however swayed by an inequality regime based on the intersection of class and ethnicity. We argue that it is precisely because human resources professionals frame their actions as acts of benevolence that they cannot see how they take part in organisational discrimination.
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Luz, Nimrod. "Religious Gentrification as Heterarchies of Urban Planning". Numen 69, nr 2-3 (1.04.2022): 212–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685276-12341653.
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Abstract This article explores the ways in which religion(s) and religious groups are increasingly contributing to changes in the politics of planning of cities and challenge the hierarchical modern planning order. Following the notion of heterarchy as suggesting a diversity of relationships among elements in a system, the argument is made that the religious-cum-ethnic component is becoming part of an urban habitus that influences and redefines modern urban planning. Taking the case of a recently developed gentrified religious Jewish neighborhood in Acre, a multi-ethnic and multi-religious town in northern Israel, the article follows the ways in which urban planning is being shaped by three interrelated processes: the production of space driven by forms of capitalism intertwined with local heterarchical projects of space and power; a set of social struggles over urban space; and the framing of religious and ethnic urban identity.
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Bhattacharya, Sweta, i V. Raju. "A Condorcet Voting Theory Based AHP Approach for MCDM Problems". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 7, nr 1 (1.07.2017): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v7.i1.pp276-286.
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<p>Analytical Hierarchical Process has been used as a useful methodology for multi-criteria decision making environments with substantial applications in recent years. But the weakness of the traditional AHP method lies in the use of subjective judgement based assessment and standardized scale for pairwise comparison matrix creation. The paper proposes a Condorcet Voting Theory based AHP method to solve multi criteria decision making problems where Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is combined with Condorcet theory based preferential voting technique followed by a quantitative ratio method for framing the comparison matrix instead of the standard importance scale in traditional AHP approach. The consistency ratio (CR) is calculated for both the approaches to determine and compare the consistency of both the methods. The results reveal Condorcet – AHP method to be superior generating lower consistency ratio and more accurate ranking of the criterion for solving MCDM problems.</p>
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Muralidharan, Sidharth, i Kim Sheehan. "“Tax” and “Fee” Message Frames as Inhibitors of Plastic Bag Usage Among Shoppers". Social Marketing Quarterly 22, nr 3 (8.02.2016): 200–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524500416631522.
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In response to the plastic bag pandemic, many studies have indicated that penalties can lower consumption of plastic bags but are only effective in the short term. For long-term impact, shoppers’ intrinsic motivations need to be explored. Using framing and the theory of planned behavior, the current study looked at how advertising messages framed as “avoiding a fee” (gain) and “paying a tax” (loss) can impact shoppers’ behavior to bring reusable bags. Findings from a hierarchical and multiple regression analysis showed differences in how both frames were interpreted. For the fee frame, attitude toward compliance and perceived control were important to intentions, while attitudes toward bringing reusable bags, control, and subjective norms impacted intentions for the tax frame. Behavioral intention was the main predictor of behavior for both frames. The findings suggest that a penalty framed as a tax maybe more effective in motivating shoppers to bring reusable bags. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Pai, Hyung Il. "Monumentalizing the Ruins of Korean Antiquity: Early Travel Photography and Itinerary of Seoul’s Heritage Destinations". International Journal of Cultural Property 21, nr 3 (sierpień 2014): 331–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739114000228.
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Abstract:This study introduces the oldest photographs of Seoul’s ruins, which have been recycled for more than a century in a wide variety of print sources, such as travelogues, postcards, museum catalogs, and guidebooks. Regardless of the medium, the aesthetic, disciplinary, and cultural biases practiced by the first generation of globe-trotters, diplomats, and commercial photographers to arrive in the Korean peninsula resulted in the mass distribution of the most “picturesque” monuments, such as Buddhist art and architecture, palaces, and fortress gates targeting the “tourist gaze.” By analyzing a select number of stock images of architectural landscapes, which have served as the “scenic” backdrop for framing “native types,” currently part of museum collections and photographic archives, the article will illustrate how such exoticized and romanticized visions of the conquered “Hermit Kingdom” trapped in time and space have continued to impact the trajectory of heritage management policies and the hierarchical ranking system of national treasures and famous places in postwar South Korea.
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Lubienski, Sarah Theule. "Examining instruction, achievement, and equity with NAEP mathematics data." education policy analysis archives 14 (1.06.2006): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v14n14.2006.
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The purpose of this article is two-fold. First, it reports on a study of the distribution of reform-oriented instructional practices among Black, White and Hispanic students, and the relationship between those practices and student achievement. The study identified many similarities in instruction across student groups, but there were some differences, such as Black and Hispanic students being assessed with multiple-choice tests significantly more often than were White students. Using hierarchical linear modeling, this study identified several significant positive—and no negative—relationships between reform-oriented practices and 4th-grade student achievement. Specifically, teacher emphasis on non-number mathematics strands, collaborative problem solving, and teacher knowledge of the NCTM Standards were positive predictors of achievement. An analysis of interaction effects indicated that the relationships between various instructional practices and achievement were roughly similar for White, Black and Hispanic students. The second purpose of this article is to make comparisons with another study that used the same NAEP data, but drew very different conclusions about the potential for particular instructional practices to alleviate inequities. A study published in EPAA by Wenglinsky (2004) concluded that school personnel can eliminate race-related gaps within their schools by changing their instructional practices. Similarities and differences between these two studies are discussed to illuminate how a researcher's framing, methods, and interpretations can heavily influence a study's conclusions. Ultimately, this article argues that the primary conclusion of Wenglinsky's study is unwarranted. Keywords: equity, hierarchical linear modeling; mathematics achievement; mathematics instruction; NAEP.
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ANTONOVA, Maryna. "Cognitive Functions of Enumeration in Economic Discourse". Linguistic and Conceptual Views of the World, nr 76 (2) (2024): 211–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-6397.2024.2.12.
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Investigation of linguistic means representing knowledge within the framework of cognitive linguistics pertains its relevance. Our study of enumeration is carried on the material of economic discourse. The functions of enumeration are established. Semantically enumeration constitutes of homogeneous and heterogeneous enumerative series. Homogeneous enumerative series in economic discourse are represented by the economic spheres of human activity, while heterogeneous enumerative series are characterised by penetration of other spheres of human activity to economy. Structurally enumeration in economic discourse consists of linear and hierarchical constituents. Linear enumerations have two or more elements in their structure. Hierarchical enumerative series comprise linear enumerations subdivided into subordinate enumerative series. The degree of isolation of the elements of enumerative series can vary. Thus, the elements can be separated by means of punctuation, namely by commas within sentences and dots in paragraphs, as well as by paragraphs themselves. The main research methods are discourse analysis, descriptive and contextual analysis. In addition, techniques of syntactic-semantic analysis are used to clarify the peculiarities of enumeration in economic discourse. This study explores functions of enumeration as a means to structure and represent conceptual information in economic discourse. As a result cognitive functions of enumeration characterised by content-related and structuring features were established. Content-related functions of enumeration in economic discourse serve to explain, name, generalise, specify, contrast, conceptualise, reveal and describe ideas and notions, as well as, structuring functions are implemented by sequencing, systematisation, framing and categorisation of information.
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Lagerkvist, Carl Johan, Suvi Kokko i Nancy Karanja. "Health in perspective: framing motivational factors for personal sanitation in urban slums in Nairobi, Kenya, using anchored best–worst scaling". Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 4, nr 1 (21.10.2013): 108–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2013.069.
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Severe health, safety and environmental hazards are being created by the growing population of urban poor in low-income countries due to lack of access to sanitation and to inadequate existing sanitation systems. We developed a multi-faceted motivational framework to examine the constituents that explain user motivation regarding a personalised sanitation system. In 2012 we interviewed slum dwellers in Nairobi, Kenya, to estimate individual motivational factor importance rankings from anchored best–worst scaling (ABWS) using hierarchical Bayesian methods. We found that personal safety, avoidance of discomfort with shared toilets, cleanliness and convenience for children were ranked of highest importance. Motivational factors related to health were only relatively highly ranked. Thus factors contributing to overall individual wellbeing, beyond health benefits, drive adoption and use of the low-cost personal sanitation solution studied. This suggests that non-health benefits of low-cost sanitation solutions should be better acknowledged and communicated to raise awareness and encourage adoption of improved sanitation in urban slums. These findings may help develop policies to promote personal sanitation, improve public health and safety and reduce environmental risks.
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Cheng, Clio Yuen Man, i Vivian Weiqun Lou. "INTENTION TO USE WEARABLE ROBOTS FOR INDEPENDENT LIVING : THE ROLE OF CULTURE AND PERSUASIVE HEALTH COMMUNICATION". Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (1.12.2023): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.1300.
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Abstract Soft wearable robots are emerging assistive technologies that can prolong independent living among older adults experiencing progressive muscle loss, such as sarcopenia. In order to fulfil the wish of aging-in-place and relieve caregiver burden, it is essential to increase wearable robots acceptance through persuasive health communication strategies. This study draws on the integration of the senior technology acceptance model, health communication, and cultural value orientation to predict the intention to use wearable robots among older adults. A 2 (message framing: gain- versus loss-framed) x 2 (temporal framing: distal- versus proximal-framed) randomized experiment was conducted with 154 older adults aged 50 to 74 years, using a self-administered cross-sectional from December 2022 to March 2023 in Hong Kong. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted with six blocks of variables. Demographic variables including age, gender, and sarcopenia potential were not significantly associated with intention to use. Horizontal individualism is significantly associated with intention to use (p=.011). Also, horizontal collectivism is significantly associated with intention to use (p=.018). Vertical collectivism interacts with persuasive health communication to predict intention to use among older adults (p=.041). The final model (F(12,141) = 3.699, p<.001, R2=.24) which included cultural value orientations showed significant improvement from the first model which only included age and gender. Overall, the final model accounted for 23.9% of the variance. This study is the first to predict the intention to use wearable robots among older adults and provide valuable insights on future policy development to promote aging-in-place, with the aid of wearable robots.
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Oliver, Stephen G. "Functional genomics: lessons from yeast". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 357, nr 1417 (29.01.2002): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2001.1049.
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Functional genomics represents a systematic approach to elucidating the function of the novel genes revealed by complete genome sequences. Such an approach should adopt a hierarchical strategy since this will both limit the number of experiments to be performed and permit a closer and closer approximation to the function of any individual gene to be achieved. Moreover, hierarchical analyses have, in their early stages, tremendous integrative power and functional genomics aims at a comprehensive and integrative view of the workings of living cells. The first draft of the human genome sequence has just been produced, and the complete genome sequences of a number of eukaryotic human pathogens (including the parasitic protozoa Plasmodium, Leishmania, and Trypanosoma ) will soon be available. However, the most rapid progress in the elucidation of gene function will initially be made using model organisms. Yeast is an excellent eukaryotic model and at least 40% of single–gene determinants of human heritable diseases find homologues in yeast. We have adopted a systematic approach to the functional analysis of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome. A number of the approaches for the functional analysis of novel yeast genes are discussed. The different approaches are grouped into four domains: genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome. The utility of genetic, biochemical, and physico–chemical methods for the analysis of these domains is discussed, and the importance of framing precise biological questions, when using these comprehensive analytical methods, is emphasized. Finally, the prospects for elucidating the function of protozoan genes by using the methods pioneered with yeast, and even exploiting Saccharomyces itself, as a surrogate, are explored.
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Giannattasio, Arthur Roberto Capella. "The Interaction between International and Domestic Legal Orders: Framing the Debate according to the Post-Modern Condition of International Law". German Law Journal 19, nr 1 (1.02.2018): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200022574.
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The interaction between international and domestic legal systems underwent a deep structural change. By means of a literature review concerned with a critical approach of International Law, this Article presents three perspectives: Modern, Imperial Post-Modern, and Deconstructive Post-Modern. Traditional international law scholarship emphasizes the first and the second trends, while this Article presents the third. While the first frames these interactions on the monism-dualism debate, the second establishes an international law prevailing unconditionally over domestic law, international human rights. The third criticizes whether it is still proper to search for ana priorisolution for this interaction. By rejecting global governance and the truly common law as alternatives to imperial post-modern international law, this Article emphasizes that legal analysis should identify, stimulate and reinforce thea posterioricustomary normative spontaneity of multitude. This Article argues that a serious post-modern international law should be guided by a radical political drive of law, foster a deconstructive interaction of different—spatial, temporal or thematic—representations of law and reject traditional hierarchical solutions and any kind of previous, single and exclusive—national or international—authority between any legal order.
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Modarelli, Giuseppe. "Accounting and the budget negotiation process: The case of the Holy Shroud Exposition (1931) during a period of austerity". CONTABILITÀ E CULTURA AZIENDALE, nr 2 (lipiec 2022): 7–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/cca2021-002002.
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Introduction: The paper considers the case of the Holy Shroud Exposition (1931) during a period of austerity, investigating accounting practices and the budget negotiation process. Aim of the work: The study seeks to illustrate the power structure underpinning budgetary negotiation processes related to the Holy Shroud Exposition. Methodological approach: The paper is based upon primary sources, considering internal accounting correspondence of the Savoy Ministry and other archival sources that have been interpreted in the light of the literature on the principal-agent theory used as framing paradigm. Main findings: The research identifies the role of accounting in managing/influencing social organisational-interactions, under specific historical conditions. In particular, the work shows the hierarchical structure of the Savoy Royal House (hereafter HSE), and verify the presence of opportunistic behaviours in the negotiation process realated to the authorisation of extraordinary expenses for the Holy Shroud Exposition. Originality: The paper permits to show the power of accounting to shape human interactions in the specific context represented by the climate of austerity, typical of interwar periods, that becomes a crucial antecedent of opportunistic behaviours.
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Barclay, Bridgitte. "‘Leaving a record of their coming’". Science Fiction Film & Television: Volume 14, Issue 3 14, nr 3 (1.10.2021): 279–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/sfftv.2021.21.
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Creature from the Black Lagoon (Arnold US 1954), perhaps the quintessential and most enduring atomic-age creature feature, is a rich text for ecocritical analysis. Not only does the film heavily emphasise extinction and evolution in its narration and plot line, but the film is full of tensions that both calcify problematic Anthropocenic narratives and erode them. The film offers us a way of critiquing Anthropocenic histories and ongoing narratives without erasing racial and colonial injustices. It also offers us a way to imagine other stories - other ways of writing on our world - that engage material entanglements, disorient colonial and anthropocentric perspectives and create empathy. Recognising the film’s rocky Anthropocenic and extinction narratives enables a more fluid approach. Reading through water, emphasising evolutionary entanglements, brings into high relief past injustices against humans and nonhumans, and it engages a palimpsest effect, where an awareness of our muddled materiality helps us write over hierarchical pasts. Framing the film ecocritically by reading extinction and evolution emphasises the tensions of Anthropocenic violence (through colonial science and Anthropocenic erasures) and of positive material entanglements (through empathy and disorientation).
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van Londen, Marieke, Marcel Coenders i Peer Scheepers. "Effects of Issue Frames on Aversion to Ethnic-Targeted School Policies". Methodology 6, nr 3 (styczeń 2010): 96–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1614-2241/a000011.
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In this article, we discuss the results of a survey experiment designed to examine the impact of issue framing on the level of aversion to ethnic-targeted school policies in the Netherlands, in 2000 and 2005. Emphasizing the costs for Dutch children increased the level of aversion to these policies, compared to the level of aversion expressed by respondents in the unframed condition (control group). Emphasizing the benefits for ethnic minorities was less effective in altering the level of aversion. Moreover, when respondents were confronted with both the cost and benefit frames – a situation which closely resembles the political and public debate – they still showed less support for ethnic-targeted school policies. We also found that aversion to ethnic-targeted school policies is driven by negative considerations such as a preference for hierarchical social relations and perceptions of ethnic threat. Emphasizing out-group benefits did neither decrease the impact of these negative considerations on the level of aversion to ethnic-targeted school policies, nor strengthen the liberalizing effect of education.
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CHAN, HONG-MO, i SHEUNG TSUN TSOU. "EXPLORING FRAMED GAUGE THEORY AS BASIS FOR PHYSICAL MODELS". International Journal of Modern Physics A 27, nr 02 (20.01.2012): 1230002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x12300025.
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It is shown that by introducing as dynamical variables in the formulation of gauge theories the frame vectors (or vielbeins) in internal symmetry space, in addition to the standard gauge boson and matter fermion fields, one obtains: (i) for the su(2) ×u(1) symmetry, the standard electroweak theory with the Higgs field thrown in as part of the framed gauge theoretical structure, (ii) for the su(3) ×su(2) ×u(1) symmetry, a "framed standard model" with, apart from the Higgs field as before, a global su(3) symmetry to play the role of fermion generations, plus some other properties which are shown elsewhere to give to both quarks and leptons hierarchical mass and mixing patterns similar to those experimentally observed. Besides, the "framing" of the standard model as such has brought the particle theory closer in structure to the theory of gravity where vierbeins have long figured as dynamical variables. Although most of the results have already been reported before, time and hindsight have allowed their presentation in this review to be made more transparent and succint.
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Morel, Richard Paquin. "Strange Frame Fellows: The Evolution of Discursive Framing in the Opt-Out Testing Movement". Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 123, nr 5 (maj 2021): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146812112300507.
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Background/context In recent years, opposition to accountability policies and associated testing has manifested in widespread boycotts of annual tests—mobilized as the “opt-out movement.” A central challenge facing any movement is the need to recruit and mobilize participants. Key to this process is framing—a discursive tactic in which activists present social issues as problems that require collective action to solve. Such framing often relies on compatible political and ideological commitments among activists and potential recruits. Yet the opt-out movement has successfully mobilized widespread boycotts in diverse communities. How have participants in the movement framed issues relating to testing and accountability? Purpose/objective/research question/focus of study I explore the discursive tactics of participants in the opt-out movement by analyzing how they frame issues related to testing and accountability over time. I ask two research questions: (1) What frames did participants in opt-out-aligned social media groups use to convince others that standardized accountability tests are a problem and build support for the movement? (2) To what extent and how did the deployment of frames change over time? Research design I conducted a mixed-methods study combining qualitative content analysis to identify frames and computational analysis to describe their co-deployment over time. Data collection and analysis I compiled a text corpus of posts to opt-out-aligned social media pages from 2010–2014. I analyzed posts using open coding to identify frames used by participants in online communities. Frames were categorized by their orientation—the general way in which they framed the problem of testing and accountability. I then analyzed the co-deployment of frames using network analysis and hierarchical clustering. Conclusions/recommendations The longitudinal analysis of frames reveals key differences in the frames used by participants. While more politically oriented frames—those characterizing testing as a social issue affecting the public schools at large—were common in early stages of the movement, less overtly political frames—those characterizing testing as an individual issue affecting children and local schools or a technical issue—became more prominent over time. Over time, socially oriented frames became decoupled from other frames, showing independent patterns of deployment. This suggests that the movement may have benefited from de-emphasizing politically oriented frames, but that it lacked an overarching shared narrative, which has the potential to limit how it might affect accountability policies and testing.