Książki: „Heuristic research”

1

Moustakas, Clark E. Heuristic research: Design, methodology, and applications. Newbury Park: Sage Publications, 1990.

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Austin, Veronica. Learning from experience: Heuristic research study based on one music therapy session. [Guildford]: [University of Surrey], 1999.

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Pietraś, Ziemowit Jacek. Sztuczna inteligencja w politologii: Heurystyczne modelowanie procesów adaptacji politycznej. Lublin: Wydawn. Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej, 1990.

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Linear A and Cypro-Minoan in the light of heuristics and cryptology: A research report. Szczecin: B.Z. Szałek, 2005.

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Woodruff, David L. Advances in Computational and Stochastic Optimization, Logic Programming, and Heuristic Search: Interfaces in Computer Science and Operations Research. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998.

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Farahutdinov, Shamil'. Current trends and innovative methods in marketing research. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1016648.

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This tutorial provides an overview of modern and innovative research methods used in marketing. The main focus is on innovative methods that are just becoming widespread, as well as on traditional methods that are being transformed as a result of existing trends in the modern digital age. The theoretical and technical aspects underlying the methods under consideration, a brief history of their origin, heuristic possibilities and limitations are revealed. In some cases, examples of use are provided, as well as indications of useful resources and practical use of methods in individual research practice. Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. It is the basis for studying the discipline "Modern methods of sociological research", and its separate sections can complement such disciplines as "Methodology and methods of sociological research", "methods of marketing research", "data Analysis in sociology", etc. The materials of the manual can also be useful for independent researchers, business representatives, and managers. For students and postgraduates studying in groups of specialties and training areas 38.00.00 "Economics and management" and 39.00.00 "Sociology and social work".

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Simulating science: Heuristics, mental models, and technoscientific thinking. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1992.

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Szałek, Benon Zbigniew. The etruscan problem in the light of heuristics: A research report. Shczecin: B.Z. Szałek, 2003.

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Szałek, Benon Zbigniew. The mayan problem in the light of heuristics: (a research report). Szczecin [Poland]: PPH ZAPOL, 2004.

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Vo€, Stefan. Meta-Heuristics: Advances and Trends in Local Search Paradigms for Optimization. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999.

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The ancient Egyptian language in the light of heuristics: A research report. Szczecin: B.Z. Szałek, 2005.

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Szałek, Benon Zbigniew. Chinese and other languages in the light of heuristics: A research report. Szczecin: B.Z. Szałek, 2007.

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Szałek, Benon Zbigniew. Heuristics and cryptology in the decipherment of the Cretan hieroglyphic inscriptions: A research report. Szczecin: Przedsiębiorstwo Produkcyjno-Handlowe Zapol, 2000.

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Basque, Georgian and other languages in the light of heuristics and cryptology: (a research report). Szczecin: B.Z. Szałek, 2009.

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Lycian, Lydian and other ancient languages in the light of heuristics and cryptology: (a research report). Szczecin: B.Z. Szałek, 2006.

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The Egyptian, Sumerian, Dravidian and Elamite languages in the light of heuristics and cryptology: A research report. Szczecin: Benon Zbigniew Szalek, 2011.

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Sumerian, Egyptian, Coptic, Olmec, Mayan and related problems in the light of heuristics and cryptology: A research report. Szczecin: S. Benon Zbigniew, 2010.

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Eteocretan, linear A, Etruscan, Lemnian, Carian, Eteocypriot, and related problems in the light of heuristics and cryptology: A research report. Szczecin: B.Z. Szałek, 2008.

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The Japanese, Ainu, Korean, Altaic (Manchu-Tungus, Mongolic, Turkic), Ugro-Finnic (Finnish, Hungarian), Basque, Mayan, Polynesian (Maori) and Dravidian (Tamil) languages in the light of heuristics: A research report. Szczecin: Benon Zbigniew Szałek, 2013.

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Bhattacharyya, Siddhartha. Hybrid Metaheuristics: Research and Applications. World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd, 2018.

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Garcés-Mascareñas, Blanca. Migration and Integration Research: Filling in Penninx's Heuristic Model. Amsterdam University Press, 2013.

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Tyson, Katherine. New Foundations for Scientific Social and Behavioral Research: The Heuristic Paradigm. Allyn & Bacon, 1994.

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Tyson, Katherine. New Foundations for Scientific Social and Behavioral Research: The Heuristic Paradigm. Allyn & Bacon, 1994.

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1953-, Tyson Katherine Bronk, red. New foundations for scientific social and behavioral research: The heuristic paradigm. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1995.

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Autoethnography and Heuristic Inquiry for Doctoral-Level Researchers: Emerging Research and Opportunities. IGI Global, 2019.

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Intelligent control systems research. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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L, Woodruff David, red. Advances in computational and stochastic optimization, logic programming, and heuristic search: Interfaces in computer science and operations research. Boston, Mass: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998.

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(Editor), Toshihide Ibaraki, Koji Nonobe (Editor) i Mutsunori Yagiura (Editor), red. Metaheuristics:: Progress as Real Problem Solvers (Operations Research/Computer Science Interfaces Series). Springer, 2005.

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Kalanthroff, Eyal, Gideon E. Anholt i Helen Blair Simpson. Research Domain Criteria and OCD. Redaktor Christopher Pittenger. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228163.003.0062.

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This chapter discusses the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) project, an initiative of the National Institutes of Mental Health (NIMH) of the United States to develop for research purposes new ways of classifying mental disorders based on dimensions of observable behavior and neurobiological measures, and explores how the hallmark symptoms of OCD (obsessions, compulsions, and anxiety) can be mapped onto RDoC domains. Unlike current categorical diagnostic systems (e.g., DSM), RDoC seeks to integrate many levels of information (from genomics to self-report) to validate dimensions defined by neurobiology and behavioral measures that cut across current disorder categories. The chapter explores, for heuristic reasons, how the RDoC matrix might be used to elucidate the neurobehavioral domains of dysfunction that lead to the characteristic symptoms of OCD. It then selectively reviews the OCD literature from the perspective of the RDoC domains, aiming to guide future transdiagnostic studies to examine specific neurobehavioral domains across disorders.

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Woodruff, David L. Advances in Computational and Stochastic Optimization, Logic Programming, and Heuristic Search: Interfaces in Computer Science and Operations Research ... Research/Computer Science Interfaces Series). Springer, 1997.

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Collins, Megan Eileen, i Thomas A. Loughran. Rational Choice Theory, Heuristics, and Biases. Redaktorzy Wim Bernasco, Jean-Louis van Gelder i Henk Elffers. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199338801.013.1.

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A growing body of research on offender decision making has focused on studying the use of heuristic biases, or cognitive shortcuts taken in certain situations, when offenders make decisions in the face of uncertainty. The idea is that when offenders (or any individuals) are contemplating uncertain decisions with limited time, information, or resources to make a rational choice calculus, heuristics enable a suitable decision to be reached quickly. However, often heuristics can lead to biases, errors, preference reversals, or suboptimal decisions. This chapter considers departures from rational behavior and heuristics and biases, specifically how the latter have been integrated into the study of offenders’ choice calculus. In particular, it reviews how biases and deviations from rationality have been routinely observed when studying offender decisions.

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32

Michalewicz, Zbigniew, i Patrick Siarry. Advances in Metaheuristics for Hard Optimization. Springer, 2010.

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(Editor), Patrick Siarry, i Zbigniew Michalewicz (Editor), red. Advances in Metaheuristics for Hard Optimization (Natural Computing Series). Springer, 2007.

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Al-Alusi, Abdul Sattar Ahmad. The practical use of dynamic optimisation in operational research.: A study of the role of system dynamics simulation and heuristic optimization in operational research and its application as an advanced technique for Policy Design in Defence Models. Bradford, 1988.

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Lynch, Julia, i Martin Rhodes. Historical Institutionalism and the Welfare State. Redaktorzy Orfeo Fioretos, Tulia G. Falleti i Adam Sheingate. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199662814.013.25.

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This chapter examines how historical institutionalism has influenced the analysis of welfare state and labor market policies in the rich industrial democracies. Using Lakatos’s concept of the “scientific research program” as a heuristic, the authors explore the development and expansion of historical institutionalism as a predominant approach in welfare state research. Focusing on this tradition’s strong core of actors (academic path- and boundary-setters), rules (methodology and methods), and norms (ontological and epistemological assumptions), they strive to demarcate the terrain of HI within studies of the welfare state, and to reveal the capacity of HI in this field to underpin a robust but flexible and enduring scholarly research program.

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Schoenwald, Sonja K., R. Kathryn McHugh i David H. Barlow. The Science of Dissemination and Implementation. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780195389050.003.0002.

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This chapter explores the science of dissemination and implementation. It aims to familiarize readers with key constructs from the dominant theories, conceptual frameworks, and heuristic models increasingly informing research on facilitation of the systematic use of evidence-based psychological treatments in routine care. It highlights factors associated with dissemination or implementation in other fields and, where available, in mental health, and summarizes what is known about strategies to support dissemination or implementation. This chapter will serve as a framework for subsequent chapters describing efforts specific to the dissemination and implementation of psychological interventions.

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Chun, Bock Jin. Algorithms and heuristics for time-window-constrained traveling salesman problems. 1985.

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Braman, Eileen. Cognition in the Courts. Redaktorzy Lee Epstein i Stefanie A. Lindquist. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579891.013.31.

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This chapter critically evaluates how experiments are used to study cognitive processes involved in legal reasoning. Looking at research on legal presumptions, heuristic processing, and various types of bias in judicial decision-making, the analysis considers how experiments with judges, lay participants, and other legally trained populations have contributed to our understanding of the psychological processes involved in fact-finding and legal decision-making. It explores how behavioral economics, dual process models, cultural cognition, and motivated reasoning frameworks have been used to inform experimental research. The chapter concludes with a discussion of what findings add to our normative understanding of issues like accuracy and neutrality in decision-making and a call to better integrate knowledge gained through experimental methods across disciplinary boundaries.

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Obinger, Herbert, Klaus Petersen i Peter Starke. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779599.003.0001.

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The Introduction presents the overarching research question of the book, namely the question of whether and how war between nations has influenced the development of advanced welfare states. This question has received only scant attention from the welfare state literature so far. The Introduction reviews the fragmented literature in history and social science with a focus on national narratives and revisionist positions, and argues for a comparative angle which puts the various causal mechanisms linking mass war and welfare state development. These mechanisms are systematized, using a heuristic of supply- vs. demand-side mechanisms and three distinct phases of military conflict: war preparation, mobilization, and the post-war period.

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HEURISTICS FOR COMPLEX INVENTORY SYSTEMS (Tinbergen Institute Research, No 54). Purdue University Press, 2003.

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Gilbert, Paul, i Jennifer S. Mascaro. Compassion Fears, Blocks and Resistances. Redaktorzy Emma M. Seppälä, Emiliana Simon-Thomas, Stephanie L. Brown, Monica C. Worline, C. Daryl Cameron i James R. Doty. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190464684.013.29.

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While there is increasing research on the benefits and facilitators of compassion, as with all motives, there are inhibitors. This chapter will not cover the benefits of compassion, explored in other chapters, but instead considers its inhibitors: the fears, blocks, and resistances (FBRs) to compassion and their evolutionary and psychosocial origins. We begin with an explication of a model for compassion, and show how compassion rests on discrete components and competencies that can be differentially inhibited. Next, we utilize Ernst Mayr’s (1961) classic heuristic to understand compassion inhibition; namely, the “ultimate” and “proximate” analysis. We conclude with an exploration of the antidotes to these inhibitors. Greater research into the nature of compassion inhibitors and insights on how to address them could increase the use of compassion in different domains of life.

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Siev, Jedidiah, Hannah E. Reese, Kiara Timpano i Sabine Wilhelm. Assessment and Treatment of Pathological Skin Picking. Redaktorzy Jon E. Grant i Marc N. Potenza. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195389715.013.0103.

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Pathological skin picking (PSP) refers to chronic skin picking or scratching that causes tissue damage and distress. It is a heterogeneous category of behaviors and may be manifest in the context of various psychological disorders. This chapter presents an overview of the empirical literature on the assessment and treatment of PSP, including (1) a cognitive-behavioral model as heuristic for conceptualizing treatment, (2) assessment tools, (3) a review of the pharmacological and psychosocial treatment outcome literatures, (4) cognitive-behavioral treatment techniques, and (5) future directions. The chapter is intended to introduce the clinician to the assessment and psychological tools used to treat PSP, as well as to provide impetus to advance research in this understudied domain.

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Verschaffel, Lieven, Fien Depaepe i Wim Van Dooren. Individual Differences in Word Problem Solving. Redaktorzy Roi Cohen Kadosh i Ann Dowker. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199642342.013.040.

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There is currently a rather broad consensus that the competencies that are required to solve word problems involve: (a) a well-organized and flexibly accessible knowledge base involving the relevant factual, conceptual, and procedural knowledge that is relevant for solving word problems; (b) heuristic methods, i.e. search strategies for problem analysis and transformation which increase the probability of finding a solution; (c) metacognition, involving both metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive skills; (d) positive task-related affects, involving positive beliefs, attitudes, and emotions; and (e) meta-affect, involving knowledge about one’s affects and skills for regulating one’s affective processes. The present chapter reviews and discusses research that provides a view on how individual differences in performance on word problems can be related to each of these components.

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Fiedler, Klaus, i Florian Kutzner. Pseudocontingencies. Redaktor Michael R. Waldmann. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199399550.013.14.

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In research on causal inference and in related paradigms (conditioning, cue learning, attribution), it has been traditionally taken for granted that the statistical contingency between cause and effect drives the cognitive inference process. However, while a contingency model implies a cognitive algorithm based on joint frequencies (i.e., the cell frequencies of a 2 x 2 contingency table), recent research on pseudocontingencies (PCs) suggests a different mental algorithm that is driven by base rates (i.e., the marginal frequencies of a 2 x 2 table). When the base rates of two variables are skewed in the same way, a positive contingency is inferred. In contrast, a negative contingency is inferred when base rates are skewed in opposite directions. The chapter describes PCs as a resilient cognitive illusion, as a proxy for inferring contingencies in the absence of solid information, and as a smart heuristic that affords valid inferences most of the time.

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Nover, Sabine Ursula, i Birgit Panke-Kochinke, red. Qualitative Pflegeforschung. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748921523.

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What is the subject of qualitatively oriented nursing research? Which methods are suitable for its documentation? And what methodological questions and problems arise from it? This book provides initial potential answers to these questions generated by research. It presents and discusses central research approaches in an overview and, above all, on the basis of current concrete projects. This critical stocktaking is integrated into a heuristic framework model consisting of nine fields of conflicting interest that are specific to nursing care, for whose analysis qualitative methodological approaches are particularly suitable. This book is primarily intended for researchers and those interested in research who already have a basic knowledge of methodology. With contributions by Peter Alheit, Jonas Barth, Helma Bleses, Herrmann Brandenburg, Matthias Dammert, Anne Dierkes, Paul Eisewicht, Hendrik Grassme, Sabine Hartmann-Dörpinghaus, Heidrun Herzberg, Dieter Heitmann, Ronald Hitzler, Ulrike Höhmann, Mara Kaiser, Christiane Knecht, Helen Kohlen, Ingrid Kollak, Gesa Lindemann, Andrea Newerla, Sabine Nover, Pao Nowodworski, Ilknur Özer-Erdogdu, Birgit Panke-Kochinke, Jo Reichertz, Yvonne Reuß, Rudolf Schmitt, Erika Sirsch, Anna Steinacker, Renate Stemmer, Dorothee Spürk, Katrin Schrooten, Hürrem Tezcan-Güntekin, Karin Tiesmeyer, Frank Weidner and Milena von Kutzleben.

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Cicchetti, Dante, i Fred A. Rogosch. A Developmental Psychopathology Perspective on Substance Use. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190676001.003.0002.

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In this chapter, a developmental psychopathology conceptualization of child maltreatment is presented as an overarching heuristic with relevance for understanding the development of alcohol and substance use and abuse. This chapter also provides illustrations from research on how child maltreatment contributes to problem substance use in adolescence. Child maltreatment represents an extreme failure of the caregiving environment to provide many of the expectable experiences necessary to facilitate normal developmental processes. Maltreatment ushers in a probabilistic epigenesis for children characterized by an increased likelihood of failure and disruption in the successful resolution of major developmental tasks. These repeated disruptions lead to compromised developmental organizations of diverse developmental systems that increase the probability of the emergence of maladaptation, psychopathology, and substance abuse as negative transactions between the child and the environment ensue. Person-centered personality organizations and genetic moderation of maltreatment risk on substance use outcomes are also highlighted.

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Vogel, Jason, David N. Cherney i Elizabeth A. Lowham. The Policy Sciences as a Transdisciplinary Approach for Policy Studies. Redaktor Robert Frodeman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198733522.013.29.

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The policy sciences tradition is a comprehensive transdisciplinary approach to develop insight into real-world decision-making, resolve problems, and improve policy outcomes. The policy sciences draw freely from the methods of many conventional disciplines, as well as offer a framework to integrate the insights from those disciplines into a more holistic understanding of any policy process. This unique approach to policy analysis uses a set of interdisciplinary frameworks and propositions as a heuristic device or “mental model” that provides a transdisciplinary instrument for integrating the insights of policy scholarship, social research, and practical experience across disciplines and substantive specialties. This facilitates the integration of knowledge and practice to improve problem solving and policy analysis by calling attention to the potentially relevant parts of any problem, decision process, or social context. This chapter reviews the history and development of the policy sciences and provides an overview of some key frameworks and propositions.

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Héritier, Adrienne. Fritz W. Scharpf, “The Joint-Decision Trap: Lessons from German Federalism and European Integration”. Redaktorzy Martin Lodge, Edward C. Page i Steven J. Balla. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199646135.013.32.

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This chapter examines the joint decision trap (JDT), a decision-making mechanism developed in 1988 by Fritz Scharpf to show the link between higher level government’s decisions and the unanimous or consensus agreement of lower level governments. JDT explains how the interlinking of decision-making processes translates to suboptimal policy outcomes because higher level decisions can be blocked by each lower level actor. The chapter discusses how the concept and theory of JDT offer important insights into the dynamic of European decision-making, but by no means all of its aspects. It considers the definition of JDT and its important contribution to theoretical and empirical and research on European decision-making. It then evaluates some of the arguments against JDT and the limits of its explanatory power, as well as Scharpf’s alternative to the theoretical debate between (liberal) intergovernmentalism and neofunctionalism. The chapter concludes by assessing the continuing heuristic value of JDT.

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Desurvire, Heather, i Dennis Wixon. Heuristics uncovered for Games User Researchers and game designers. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794844.003.0014.

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This paper presents a set of heuristics (PLAY and GAP) for game design and discusses the history of heuristics for games, describes the use of these heuristics, summarizes research demonstrating their effectiveness, and describes a hypothetical model that reviewers use when evaluating a game. The usage by designers and evaluators when reviewing two released games is also compared. Overall, heuristics were found to be much more effective than informal reviews and their use led not only to problem identification, but to suggested fixes, possible enhancements, and effective aspects of the existing designs.

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Jennings, Len, i Thomas Skovholt. Expertise in Counseling and Psychotherapy. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780190222505.001.0001.

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Expertise in Counseling and Psychotherapy features seven master therapist studies from around the world and provides an extensive synthesis of these studies to produce the first international perspective of expert counselors and psychotherapists. The study of expertise has a rich history, whereas research on psychotherapy expertise has mostly surfaced in the past two decades. Jennings and Skovholt first applied qualitative methodology to the study of expert therapists in 1996. Qualitative research has proven to be an extremely effective method for capturing the complexity of the master therapist construct. One limitation of this line of research is that most studies have been conducted in the United States. Fortunately, there are a small but growing number of international qualitative studies on psychotherapy expertise. Moreover, these studies utilized essentially the same research questions and methodologies as our first study on expert therapists, making the consolidation of the findings seamless and trustworthy. The studies include three therapist expertise research projects in Southeast Asia, including Singapore, Japan, and Korea. In North America, there are studies from the United States and Canada. In Europe, there are studies from Portugal and the Czech Republic. The qualitative meta-analysis of all seven data sets is the highlight of our book on master therapists from around the world. The findings and recommendations from this book will enhance the training of future psychotherapists and counselors. Understanding the universal characteristics of expert therapists practicing around the world offers training programs and mental health practitioners a heuristic for optimal therapist and counselor development.

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