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Sieglin, Bernhard A. [Verfasser], Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Stroth i Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Ulrich. "Experimental Investigation of Heat Transport and Divertor Loads of Fusion Plasmas in All Metal ASDEX Upgrade and JET / Bernhard A. Sieglin. Gutachter: Andreas Ulrich ; Ulrich Stroth. Betreuer: Ulrich Stroth". München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1052653316/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaGrosjean, Alex. "Impact of geometry and shaping of the plasma facing components on hot spot generation in tokamak devices". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0556.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis PhD falls within ITER project support, aiming to study the thermal behavior of ITER-like PFC prototypes in two superconducting tokamaks: EAST (Hefei) and WEST (Cadarache). These prototypes correspond to castellated tungsten monoblocks placed along a cooling tube with small gaps (0.5 mm) between them, called plasma-facing units, to extract the heat from the components. The introduction of gaps between monoblocks (toroidal) and plasma-facing units (poloidal), to relieve the thermomechanical stresses in the divertor, implies that poloidal leading edges may be exposed to near-normal incidence angle. A local overheating is expected in a thin lateral band at the top of each monoblocks, which can be enhanced when the neighboring components are misaligned. In this work, we propose to study the impact of two geometries (sharp and chamfered LEs) of these components, as well as their misalignments on local hot spot generation, by means of embedded diagnostics (TC/FBG), and a submillimeter infrared system (~0.1 mm/pixel), whose emissivity varies with wavelength, and the temperature, but above all, the surface state of the component, which evolves under plasma exposure, during the experimental campaigns. The divertor Langmuir probes measure the plasma temperature, and thus estimate the ion Larmor radius that may play a role in the local heat flux distribution around poloidal and toroidal edges. The results presented in this thesis, confirming the modelling predictions by experimental measurements, support the final decision by ITER to include 0.5 mm toroidal beveling of monoblocks on the vertical divertor targets to protect poloidal leading edges from excessive heat flux
Karampour, Mazyar. "MEASUREMENT AND MODELLING OF ICE RINK HEAT LOADS". Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad termodynamik och kylteknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-61330.
Pełny tekst źródłaStoppsladd financed by Swedish Energy Agency (Energimyndigheten) and Swedish Ice Hockey Association
Ohno, N., M. Tanaka, N. Ezumi, D. Nishijima i S. Takamura. "Dynamic response of detached recombining plasmas to plasma heat pulse in a divertor simulator". American Institute of Physics, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/7001.
Pełny tekst źródłaHageman, Mitchell D. "Experimental investigation of the thermal performance of gas-cooled divertor plate concepts". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34698.
Pełny tekst źródłaJohnson, Jeffrey Keith. "Concrete bridge deck behavior under thermal loads". Thesis, Montana State University, 2005. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2005/johnson/JohnsonJ0805.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaCrosatti, Lorenzo. "Experimental and numerical investigation of the thermal performance of gas-cooled divertor modules". Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24717.
Pełny tekst źródłaCommittee Co-Chair: Minami Yoda, Co-Advisor; Committee Co-Chair: Said I. Abdel-Khalik; Committee Member: Donald R. Webster; Committee Member: Narayanan M. Komerath; Committee Member: S. Mostafa Ghiaasiaan; Committee Member: Yogendra Joshi
Nicholas, Jack Robert. "Heat transfer for fusion power plant divertors". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:efedf39b-401b-418f-b510-386a512314a8.
Pełny tekst źródłaGayton, Elisabeth Faye. "Experimental and numerical investigation of the thermal performance of the gas-cooled divertor plate concept". Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26517.
Pełny tekst źródłaCommittee Chair: Abdel-Khalik, Said; Committee Co-Chair: Yoda, Minami; Committee Member: Ghiaasiaan, S. Mostafa. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
Gwon, Hyoseong. "Study on the Transport of High Heat Flux and the Thermal Mechanical Response of Fusion Reactor Divertor". Kyoto University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/192208.
Pełny tekst źródłaBernus, Borbala. "Design Investigation into Liquid Oxygen Vaporisation Systems : Atomisation and Heat Loads". Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-283243.
Pełny tekst źródłaComputational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simuleringar presenteras i denna studie för superkyld flytande syreförstoftning och förgasning i en underkritisk kammare som arbetar vid SI 1 MPa. Relativt billiga simuleringstekniker har använts och deras noggrannhet utvärderats. Förgasningseffektivitet som förväntas från teorin jämförs med simuleringsresultat och fysisk begränsning utöver detta diskuteras modelleringsberäkningarna. Stötstrålar har använts inom simuleringarna med avsikt att finfördela det inkommande flytande syret, följt av injektion av varm vattenånga vinkelrätt, för att öka turbulent blandning, uppehållstid och i sin tur förväntad förgasningseffektivitet. En beräkningsenhetsanalys för uppvärmningsdynamik ingår också för att belysa begränsningar för kammargeometri som införs genom övergående gränser för snabb oxidation. 316 rostfritt stål och 3D-printad Inconel 718 undersöktes experimentellt för att identifiera deras övergående makroskopiska snabba oxidationsgränser. Denna information kompletterar befintlig publicerad litteratur för drift vid höga temperaturer under en kort tid i syrgasrika miljöer. ANSYS Fluent 2020R1, och dess nyligen inkluderade volym av vätska till diskret partikel (VOF-DPM) -modell, används för CFD-simulering av LOxatomisering och förångning. CFD-simuleringstekniken diskuteras i detalj för att göra det möjligt för läsaren att få kunskap om områden där beräkningskraft kan sparas medan man fortfarande tillåter bedömning av trender för att göra relativt snabba genomförbarhetsgranskningar, t.ex. för olika kammarkonfigurationer. CFD-simuleringsresultaten jämförs med publicerade experimentella data och dess noggrannhet när den utvidgas till denna applikation diskuteras. Resultaten indikerar att förgasning av LOx i en kompakt kammare kan vara möjlig vid tillräcklig turbulens, vilket resulterar i längre uppehållstider är närvarande som ger tillräcklig tid för värme och massöverföring från den kontinuerliga fasen. Simuleringar indikerar att på grund av blandnings- och förgasningsprocessen är LOx-partiklarna i kammaren som inte har gått in i gasfasen mindre än den från ren förgasning och därför mer mottagliga för förgasning om de injiceras i huvudmotorns förbränningskammare. Resultat antyder den potentiella fördelen med virvelinjektion av heta gaser för att öka uppehållstiden och i sin tur förgasningseffektivitet, därför rekommenderas detta för ämnet för framtida forskning.
Jones, Sophia Christina Acle. "Micro-cogeneration optimal design for service hot water thermal loads". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16016.
Pełny tekst źródłaPéan, Thibault Q. "Heat pump controls to exploit the energy flexibility of building thermal loads". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669805.
Pełny tekst źródłaPara aprovechar todo el potencial de flexibilidad energética de las cargas térmicas en los edificios equipados con bombas de calor se requiere de sistemas de control inteligente. Una revisión bibliográfica ha revelado que la mayoría de las estrategias de gestión utilizadas para esta finalidad pueden ser clasificadas en dos categorías: control en base a reglas (RBC en inglés) o predictivo (MPC en inglés), basado en optimización y en el uso de modelos. Tanto RBC como MPC pueden utilizar señales externas de penalización para fundamentar sus decisiones. El precio de la electricidad es utilizado a este fin de forma habitual en estrategias de reducción de coste. Una nueva señal de emisiones marginales de CO2 fue también creada como alternativa. Se han desarrollado un controlador RBC y un MPC para sistemas de bombas de calor aire-agua que cubren las demandas de climatización y agua caliente en el ámbito residencial. El RBC modula las consignas de temperatura, y el MPC minimiza las penalizaciones totales del sistema, al mismo tiempo que se consideran restricciones operativas y de confort. En particular, el MPC ha requerido el desarrollo de nuevos modelos simplificados, para predecir la demanda del edificio y el rendimiento de la bomba de calor, tanto en modo calefacción como en modo refrigeración. Otras novedades añadidas en la configuración del MPC son la formulación entera mixta, y la consideración del retraso debido al tiempo de cómputo. Los controladores fueron testeados, primeramente, en un entorno experimental -hardware-in-the-loop-, con una bomba de calor real instalada en el laboratorio y conectada a unos bancos térmicos que emulan las cargas térmicas del edificio. El entorno experimental ha permitido poner de manifiesto algunos retos prácticos tales como la discrepancia en el modelo del MPC y conflictos de conexión con el controlador local de la bomba de calor. En segundo lugar, un entorno de simulación ha sido creado para testear diversas configuraciones, usando TRNSYS acoplado con MATLAB. Para ello, se ha desarrollado un modelo detallado de la bomba de calor, basado en ensayos realizados en laboratorio, que reproduce el comportamiento dinámico de la bomba de calor con alta fidelidad. Tanto los resultados experimentales como los simulados han revelado la capacidad de los dos tipos de control de desplazar las cargas del edificio hacia periodos donde la electricidad era más barata o había menos emisiones de CO2, estos dos objetivos presentando de hecho impactos contradictorios. En los casos donde el control de referencia presentaba un amplio margen de mejora, los controladores RBC y MPC han demostrado la capacidad de actuar eficientemente y proveer ahorros importantes: alrededor de un 15% de emisiones en modo calefacción, y de un 30% de coste en modo frío. En aquellos casos en el que el control de referencia actuaba de forma cercana a la óptima, los controladores RBC no han sido capaces de aportar mejoras significativas, mientras que el MPC ha demostrado la capacidad de conseguir ahorros de un 5% de coste en modo calefacción y de un 10% de emisiones en modo frío. La investigación realizada en esta tesis ha abarcado amplios aspectos de la flexibilidad energética en los edificios: la generación de señales de penalización, la representación gráfica del potencial de flexibilidad, el ajuste de modelos simplificados, el desarrollo de controladores, el ensayo en entorno experimental y de simulación, con la consecuente evaluación de su rendimiento comparado en periodos de invierno y de verano, así como una discusión de las barreras que dificultan la implementación de controladores MPC y RBC a gran escala. Finalmente, la tesis ha evidenciado el rendimiento de los controladores desarrollados si se formulan de forma adecuada, demostrando su potencial para el desplazamiento del consumo eléctrico en la edificación residencial con sistemas de bomba de calor respondiendo a diferentes señales de penalización. En conclusión, los sistemas propuestos pueden ser elementos muy valiosos para favorecer la necesaria flexibilidad de la demanda térmica en la edificación y posibilitar la integración de sistemas de generación renovables en la red
Kazi, Sanjida Naher. "Passive Cooling and Regulation of Building Heat Loads with Thermal Radiation Shield". Thesis, Curtin University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/51888.
Pełny tekst źródłaJakubowski, Marcin. "Magnetic field topology and heat flux patterns under the influence of the dynamic ergodic divertor of the TEXTOR tokamak". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972555390.
Pełny tekst źródłaGallo, Alberto. "Impact of the plasma geometry on the divertor power exhaust in a magnetic fusion reactor". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0001/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaA deep understanding of plasma transport at the edge of a magnetically confined fusion device is mandatory for a sustainable and controlled handling of the power exhaust. In the next-generation fusion device ITER, technological limits constrain the peak heat flux on the divertor. For a given exhaust power the peak heat flux is determined by the extent of the plasma footprint on the wall. Heat flux profiles at the divertor targets of X-point configurations can be parametrized by using two length scales for the transport of heat in SOL. In this work, we challenge the current interpretation of these two length scales by studying the impact of divertor geometry modifications on the heat exhaust. In particular, a significant broadening of the heat flux profiles at the outer divertor target is diagnosed while increasing the length of the outer divertor leg. Modelling efforts showed that diffusive simulations well reproduce the experimental heat flux profiles for short-legged plasmas. Conversely, the broadening of the heat flux for a long divertor leg is reproduced by a turbulent model, highlighting the importance of turbulent transport not only in the main SOL but also in the divertor. These results question the current interpretation of the heat flux width as a purely main SOL transport length scale. In fact, long divertor leg magnetic configurations highlighted the importance of asymmetric divertor transport. We therefore conclude that main SOL and divertor SOL transport cannot be arbitrarily disentangled and we underline the importance of the divertor magnetic geometry in enhancing asymmetric turbulent transport with the potential benefit of an unexpected power spreading
Laguna, Benet Gerard. "Performance assessment of self-adaptive cooling devices under unsteady and non-uniform heat loads". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669199.
Pełny tekst źródłaCon el fin del escalamiento de Dennard, la potencia y la densidad de potencia requeridas por chip empiezan a aumentar. Si esta tendencia continuara, el consumo de energía sería prohibitivo tanto por criterios de eficiencia como para la gestión térmica. Para cumplir los criterios de eficiencia y gestión térmica la mejora de los chips se limitó restringiendo el número de núcleos y su frecuencia de funcionamiento. Esta tendencia implica la necesidad de una solución de refrigeración capaz de extraer un flujo de calor heterogéneo de alta densidad de potencia y variando en el tiempo, además de reducir el gradiente de temperatura que reduce la fiabilidad de la electrónica. Esta tesis se desarrolla en el marco del proyecto europeo Horizonte 2020 STREAMS (Smart Technologies for eneRgy Efficient Active cooling in advanced Microelectronics Systems), que tiene como objetivo desarrollar un dispositivo de refrigeración capaz de satisfacer las necesidades de refrigeración en la microelectrónica. El objetivo principal de esta tesis es desarrollar un sistema de refrigeración de celdas microfluídicas y evaluar su impacto en microelectrónica y en receptores fotovoltaicos de concentración. El dispositivo de refrigeración está formado por una matriz de celdas microfluídicas, cada una de las cuales es responsable de la extracción del flujo de calor local. El refrigerante se suministra a las celdas paralelamente mediante canales de suministro y recogida conectados a los colectores. Por lo tanto, cada celda tiene la entrada de refrigerante frío independientemente de su localización. El calor es extraído por cada celda la cual puede contener microcanales para mejorar la transferencia de calor y válvulas autoadaptativas capaces de adaptar el caudal de cada celda a sus necesidades de refrigeración. En la etapa de diseño, la celda microfluídica MC6T es diseñada y evaluada numéricamente en un escenario de carga de calor no uniforme y variable en el tiempo, reduciendo el caudal un 42.5 % y la caída de presión un 81.0 % comparado con un dispositivo de microcanales sometido a las mismas condiciones. La combinación de la reducción de caudal y caída de presión supone una reducción de la media de potencia de bombeo de un 89.1 % en comparación con microcanales, mientras se mejora la uniformidad de temperatura gracias al uso de las válvulas microfluídicas. En otro caso, se evalúa numéricamente el impacto de este nuevo dispositivo de refrigeración sobre los receptores fotovoltaicos de concentración solar (CPV) en matriz densa. Según la configuración eléctrica de los receptores y de la no uniformidad del perfil de irradiación, el incremento de potencia puede llegar a un 9.7 %, comparado con el mismo receptor CPV refrigerado con microcanales. Una vez validado numéricamente el concepto y tras la identificación y resolución de retos inherentes al procedimiento de microfabricación de los dispositivos autoadaptativos de refrigeración, se fabrican los dispositivos diseñados para evaluar experimentalmente el rendimiento del sistema de celdas microfluídicas, con y sin válvulas autoadaptativas. Además, se aplica un algoritmo de control que adapta el caudal total del dispositivo a las necesidades de extracción del dispositivo. Comparando con microcanales convencionales con caudal constante, la matriz de celdas microfluídicas sin válvulas reduce la potencia de bombeo en un 83.7 % y presenta una mejora del 10.8 % en uniformidad de temperatura. Sin embargo, la matriz de celdas con válvulas autoadaptativas reducen la potencia de bombeo en un 74.7 %, al tiempo que también mejora la uniformidad de temperatura en un 31.7 %. De lo contrario, cuando se aplica el algoritmo de control de caudal también al dispositivo de microcanalas, la potencia de bombeo requerida por los dispositivos de celdas microfluídicas con y sin válvulas autoadaptativas es, respectivamente, el 15.5 % y el 45.6 % comparado con microcanales. En estas condiciones, la uniformidad de temperatura de las celdas microfluídicas sin válvula es similar a la de los microcanales con caudal controlado, pero el dispositivo de celdas con válvulas mejora la uniformidad de temperatura en un 23.9%.
With the end of Dennard scaling, the power and the power density required by chips start to increase. If this trend were to continue, the microelectronics power consumption needed to satisfy efficiency requirements and for thermal management would be prohibitive. To meet the efficiency and thermal management requirements, the chip improvement is limited by restricting the number of cores and their operation frequency. This trend implies the need for a cooling solution that is able to extract the non-uniform and time-dependent high power density heat flux and reduce the temperature non-uniformity, which reduces the electronic reliability. This thesis is developed in the framework of the Horizon 2020 Project STREAMS (Smart Technologies for eneRgy Efficient Active cooling in advanced Microelectronics Systems), which aims to develop a cooling device that is able to satisfy the microelectronics cooling needs. The main objective of this thesis is to design a microfluidic cell cooling system and assess its impact on the microelectronics and concentrating photovoltaic receivers. The cooling device is formed by an array of microfluidic cells, each one responsible for removing the local heat flux. Coolant flow is fed in parallel to the cells by interdigitated cold and warm flow channels connected to manifolds. Each cell therefore has a cold inlet flow, irrespective of its location. Heat is removed by the flow through each cell, which can contain microchannels to enhance the heat transfer and self-adaptive valves capable of tailoring the flow rate of each cell to its cooling needs. In the design stage, the MC6T microfluidic cell is designed and numerically assessed under a non-uniform and time-dependent heat load scenario, reducing the flow rate by 42.5 % and the pressure drop by 81.0 % with respect to the microchannel cooling device under the same boundary conditions. The combination of both low flow rates and pressure drops implies an average pumping power reduction of 89.1 % in comparison to microchannels, while the temperature uniformity is improved by the use of the self-adaptive microfluidic valves. The impact of this novel cooling solution on the performance of dense array CPV receivers is numerically assessed. Depending on the electrical configuration and the non-uniformity of the illumination profile, the increase in power generation of the dense array CPV receiver can reach up to 9.7 %, compared with the same CPV receiver cooled by microchannels. Once the concept is validated numerically, and after identifying and resolving the challenges inherent in the microfabrication procedure of self-adaptive cooling devices, selected designs are fabricated in order to assess experimentally the performance of the self-adaptive microfluidic cell cooling device, with and without self-adaptive valves. A control algorithm tailors the total flow rate to the heat extraction needs. Compared to conventional microchannels with fixed flow rates, the microfluidic cell array without valves improves the pumping power by 83.7 % and improves a 10.8 % in terms of temperature uniformity. However, the array of microfluidic cells with self-adaptive valves reduces the pumping power by 74.7 %, while the temperature non-uniformity is reduced by 31.7 %. When applying the flow rate control algorithm to the microchannels, the pumping power needs of the array of microfluidic cells with and without self-adaptive valves are, respectively, 15.5 % and 45.6 %, compared to microchannels. In these conditions, the temperature uniformity of the microfluidic cell without self-adaptive valves presents a similar behaviour as the flow rate controlled microchannels, however the microfluidic cell with self-adaptive valves improves the temperature uniformity a 23.9 %.
Pollock, Daniel T. "Inner/outer-loop control methodolgy for multiple evaporator dryout avoidance under transient heat loads". Thesis, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10158658.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe increasing power density of high-performance electronics has created a need for advanced thermal management strategies. Vapor compression cycles (VCC) offer large heat transfer coefficients via low coolant temperatures and boiling heat transfer, and thus are attractive for electronics cooling. However, the high heat flux imposed by electronics requires new modeling and control techniques for VCC implementation. Challenges include transient heat loads, critical heat flux (CHF), refrigerant charge management, and multi-evaporator management. This dissertation presents research to improve the fundamental understanding of systems-level design, modeling and control of multiple evaporator VCC for high heat flux removal. An experimental testbed is presented, with the option of switching between a heated accumulator and a recuperator to maintain cycle active charge. Static component, heat transfer, and dryout models are identified, and low-order lumped dynamic system models are developed and validated for both accumulator and recuperator operation. The static and dynamic models are used to develop robust, decoupled dryout avoidance controls to provide stability, reject large thermal disturbances and improve cycle energy efficiency. Finally, experimental and simulation results are presented for control validation.
Gallo, Alberto. "Impact of the plasma geometry on the divertor power exhaust in a magnetic fusion reactor". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0001.
Pełny tekst źródłaA deep understanding of plasma transport at the edge of a magnetically confined fusion device is mandatory for a sustainable and controlled handling of the power exhaust. In the next-generation fusion device ITER, technological limits constrain the peak heat flux on the divertor. For a given exhaust power the peak heat flux is determined by the extent of the plasma footprint on the wall. Heat flux profiles at the divertor targets of X-point configurations can be parametrized by using two length scales for the transport of heat in SOL. In this work, we challenge the current interpretation of these two length scales by studying the impact of divertor geometry modifications on the heat exhaust. In particular, a significant broadening of the heat flux profiles at the outer divertor target is diagnosed while increasing the length of the outer divertor leg. Modelling efforts showed that diffusive simulations well reproduce the experimental heat flux profiles for short-legged plasmas. Conversely, the broadening of the heat flux for a long divertor leg is reproduced by a turbulent model, highlighting the importance of turbulent transport not only in the main SOL but also in the divertor. These results question the current interpretation of the heat flux width as a purely main SOL transport length scale. In fact, long divertor leg magnetic configurations highlighted the importance of asymmetric divertor transport. We therefore conclude that main SOL and divertor SOL transport cannot be arbitrarily disentangled and we underline the importance of the divertor magnetic geometry in enhancing asymmetric turbulent transport with the potential benefit of an unexpected power spreading
Crosser, Kara Elizabeth. "Heat Transfer Assessment of Aluminum Alloy Corrugated Naval Ship Deck Panels under VTOL Aircraft Thermal Loads". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/72947.
Pełny tekst źródłaMaster of Science
Piraccini, Giacomo. "Modeling of heat and particle transport in nuclear fusion plasmas in a tokamak: study of density regimes and ionization front control". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaGross, Paul A. II. "Commercial Program Development for a Ground Loop Geothermal System: Energy Loads, GUI, Turbulent Flow, Heat Pump Model and Grid Study". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1324258915.
Pełny tekst źródłaDas, Barun Kumar. "Optimisation of stand-alone hybrid energy systems for power and thermal loads". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2018. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2150.
Pełny tekst źródłaKharwandikar, Amit. "Optimization of Heat Exhaust in the Edge of Tokamaks via Controlled Magnetic Stochastization". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-285566.
Pełny tekst źródłaAtt skydda plasmakomponenter mot höga värmeflöden och snabba partiklar är av största vikt föratt säkerställa funktionsduglighet och önskad livslängd för en magnetisk fusionsreaktor. Möjlighetenatt använda externa 3D-magnetiska störningar för förbättrad statisk värmeavledningeni tokamaker med magnetiska avledare har studerats i denna avhandling. Tillvägagångssättetinnebär att man producerar en kontrollerad stokastisk region i plasmakanten utan att väsentligtpåverka plasmakärnan. Med hjälp av fältlinjespårning och 3D-modellering av värmetransportsom en advektions-diffusionsprocess har de resulterande magnetiska fotspåren och värmeflödetpå avledaren analyserats. En optimerad konfiguration har erhållits, vilket visar potentialen i dettatillvägagångssätt för att avsevärt minska den maximala värmebelastningen på avledaren.
Li, Muyuan [Verfasser], Ewald [Akademischer Betreuer] Werner i Rudolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Neu. "A Fracture Mechanics Study of Tungsten Failure under High Heat Flux Loads / Muyuan Li. Gutachter: Rudolf Neu ; Ewald Werner. Betreuer: Ewald Werner". München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2015. http://d-nb.info/106962182X/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaLi, Muyuan Verfasser], Ewald [Akademischer Betreuer] [Werner i Rudolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Neu. "A Fracture Mechanics Study of Tungsten Failure under High Heat Flux Loads / Muyuan Li. Gutachter: Rudolf Neu ; Ewald Werner. Betreuer: Ewald Werner". München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:91-diss-20150312-1231880-1-2.
Pełny tekst źródłaSultan, Sahira. "Cost Evaluation of Building Space Heating; District Heating and Heat Pumps". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-37137.
Pełny tekst źródłaSoudek, Ondřej. "Simulace vlivu zeměpisné orientace na letní klimatickou zátěž vysoce prosklených kancelářských prostor". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229954.
Pełny tekst źródłaKandaz, Murat. "Computer Aided Design And Structural Analysis Of Pressure Vessels". Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12607261/index.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaDrewelow, Peter [Verfasser], Marcin W. [Akademischer Betreuer] Jakubowski, Suguru [Akademischer Betreuer] Masuzaki, Mario [Akademischer Betreuer] Dähne, Dieter [Akademischer Betreuer] Breitschwerdt i Robert [Akademischer Betreuer] Wolf. "Investigation of divertor heat flux pattern and their correlation to the edge magnetic field of the plasma confinement experiment LHD / Peter Drewelow. Gutachter: Mario Dähne ; Dieter Breitschwerdt ; Robert Wolf ; Suguru Masuzaki. Betreuer: Marcin W. Jakubowski ; Suguru Masuzaki". Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1067385290/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaBartoník, Adam. "Simulace tepelných ztrát a tepelné zátěže u budovy A1 a analýza opatření na jejich snížení". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228966.
Pełny tekst źródłaMerlier, Lucie. "On the interactions between urban structures and air flows : A numerical study of the effects of urban morphology on the building wind environment and the related building energy loads". Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0070/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis is an exploratory study that lays the scientific and methodological foundations of a transverse approach for studying urban energy and bio-climatic issues. This approach involves concepts and tools of building and urban physics as well as urban planning and architecture. It addresses the relations between urban morphology and aerodynamic processes, and studies their effects on the building energy loads due to infiltration and convective heat losses. This thesis is divided into three main parts. The first part synthesizes the specificities of urban aerodynamics and urban physics, and analyzes existing urban fabrics from a morphological point of view. Generic typologies of isolated buildings and urban blocks for small scale aerodynamic studies are deduced. The second part validates the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model (steady RANS RSM) against detailed experimental and numerical data, and presents the numerical experiments performed on the different morphological types. Mean flow structures that develop according to the construction shape and built environment, as well as pressure distribution on the building outer walls are examined. The last part couples heat and air fluxes to evaluate the contribution of urban air flows on the building energy loads. The improvement brought by CFD to the assessment of building convective heat transfers is verified by comparing numerical results to experimental data, detailed numerical studies and standard correlations. An enhanced temperature wall-function adapted for forced convection problems is adjusted to the model based on existing studies, and the convective heat transfers distribution on building facades is analyzed. Finally, the building energy loads due to air infiltration and heat transmission are estimated for typical constructions and compared to standard values. The results of this thesis show strong effects of the topology and dimensionality of constructions and urban structures on the development of recirculation phenomena within the urban canopy layer. The related aerodynamic conditions yield heterogeneous pressure and convective heat transfer intensities and distributions on building facades, which depend upon the considered built morphology. Their effects on building energy loads are logically particularly important in absolute value for buildings that are neither insulated nor air tight. Nonetheless, the estimates of the building energy needs based on standard or simulated pressure and convective heat transfer coefficients often show substantial deviation. Focusing on the relative contribution of the built structure, the effects of the aerodynamic context appear more influential for insulated buildings. Essentially, switching from an exposed to a sheltered building may decrease the energy needs per surface unit of floor due to air infiltration and heat transmission through outer walls by 18% up to 47% according to simulation
Lagier, Benjamin. "Etude thermohydraulique expérimentale et numérique d'une boucle d'hélium supercritique en convection forcée soumise à des pulses périodiques de chaleur". Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENY010/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaFuture fusion reactor devices such as ITER or JT-60SA will produce thermonuclear fusion reaction inplasmas at several millions of degrees. The confinement in the center of the chamber is achieved byvery intense magnetic fields generated by superconducting magnets. These coils have to be cooleddown to 4.4 K through a forced flow of supercritical helium. The cyclic behavior of the machinesleads to pulsed thermal heat loads which will have to be handled by the refrigerator.The HELIOS experiment built in CEA Grenoble is a scaled down model of the helium distributionsystem of the tokamak JT-60SA composed of a saturated helium bath and a supercritical helium loop.The thesis work explores HELIOS capabilities for experimental and numerical investigations on threeheat load smoothing strategies: the use of the saturated helium bath as an open thermal buffer, therotation speed variation of the cold circulator and the bypassing of the heated section. Thedeveloped model describes well the physical evolutions of the helium loop (pressure, temperature,mass flow) submitted to heat loads observed during experiments. Advanced controls have beentested and validated to improve the stability of the refrigerator and to optimize the refrigerationpower
Sorensen, Taylor J. "Reducing Thermal Bridging and Understanding Second-Order Effects in Concrete Sandwich Wall Panels". DigitalCommons@USU, 2019. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7642.
Pełny tekst źródłaPospíšil, David. "Zvýšení tepelně-izolačních parametrů klasických obytných budov a jejich vliv na kvalitu vnitřního prostředí". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229922.
Pełny tekst źródłaThellmann, Andreas [Verfasser], Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Mundt i Klaus [Akademischer Betreuer] Hornung. "Impact of Gas Radiation on Viscous Flows, in particular on Wall Heat Loads, in Hydrogen-Oxygen vs. Methane-Oxygen Systems, based on the SSME Main Combustion Chamber / Andreas Thellmann. Betreuer: Christian Mundt. Gutachter: Klaus Hornung. Universität der Bundeswehr München, Fakultät für Luft- und Raumfahrttechnik". Neubiberg : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität der Bundeswehr, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1007710314/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaCovele, Brent Michael. "2-D magnetic equilibrium and transport modeling of the X-divertor and super X-divertor for scrape-off layer heat flux mitigation in tokamaks". Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/27156.
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Chen, Ming-Ke, i 陳明科. "Energy Efficiency of Centrifugal Chillers under Different Heat Loads and Cooling Water Temperatures". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29268326233620966979.
Pełny tekst źródła國立勤益科技大學
冷凍空調系
101
In this study, centrifugal chillers of 1000 USRT with constant and varied speed in Chiayi area of Taiwan was investigated, respectively, in order to understand their operation efficiencies under different heat loads and different cooling temperatures. Through the simulation of the software, YORKWORK, it is found that the performance of the chiller with constant speed is superior to that of the chiller with varied speed while the operation condition is 100% heat load and the temperature of cooling water is above 27 ℃ or the operation condition is 90% heat load and the cooling temperature is above 30℃. From the simulation, it is also indicated that 4.7% efficiency difference between the two chillers can be reached under the operation conditions mentioned above. Except the operation conditions mentioned above, the performance of the chiller with varied speed is greater than that of the chiller with constant, the maximum efficiency difference of 40.46% can be obtained. Furthermore, from the experimental results, it is also shown that while the operation condition is above 80% heat load and cooling temperature is above 29℃, the efficiency of the chiller with constant frequency is 6.2% superior to that of the chiller with varied frequency. Except the operation condition mentioned above, the performance of the chiller with varied speed is always greater than that of the chiller with constant, the maximum efficiency difference of 49.8% can be obtained in experiments. From the measured energy consumption of individual constant and varied speed chillers,an optimum operation strategy for the HVAC system in a hospital of chiayi was developed. While the heat load of the system is higher and the ambient dry bulb temperature is opened to operate in full load condition as possible. While the heat load is lower and the ambient dry bulb temperature is under 29℃, the system tempt to open the varied speed chiller and shutdown the constant speed chiller. Through the optimum operation, the enery consumption of the system within a year is the lowest in comparison to the of the system operating under fully constant speed chillers or fully varied speed chillers.
Saha, Sandip Kumar. "Cooling Of Electronics With Phase Change Materials Under Constant Power And Cyclic Heat Loads". Thesis, 2009. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/632.
Pełny tekst źródłaSaha, Sandip Kumar. "Cooling Of Electronics With Phase Change Materials Under Constant Power And Cyclic Heat Loads". Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/632.
Pełny tekst źródłaNel, Hugh-Jean. "Effect of nozzle loads on the stress distribution inside unpartitioned plug type headerboxes". Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5113.
Pełny tekst źródłaDry air cooled heat exchangers form a vital part of industrial heat transfer systems, especially in countries where the supply and availability of clean cooling water is limited. Headerboxes are rectangular pressure vessels that act as the inlet distribution and outlet collection devices. As rectangular pressure vessels, headerboxes are subject to design codes such as ASME (ASME Section VIII, Division 1, 2007). Unfortunately ASME (ASME Section VIII, Division 1, 2007) offers no guidance on how to allow for the effect of external loads applied to the headerbox through the vessel’s nozzles. This creates a difficult situation, since vessel designers are mandated by ASME to consider the effects of nozzle loads by American Petroleum Institute standard 661 (API, 2006). The aim of this project was therefore to develop a closed form design methodology that accurately predicts the stresses inside a headerbox that is subject to external loadings as well as internal pressure. After extensive research it was decided that the only viable approach would be to extend ASME’s rigid frame theory. This was done, and a new set of equations describing the stress distribution inside a headerbox were derived. These equations were then tested using 2D Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to determine whether they represented the reality of the 2D model they described. It was found that the equations were accurate enough in 2D and the next step was to test the model experimentally and using full 3D FEA. A local manufacturer of air cooled heat exchangers was approached and they helped design an experimental specimen and agreed to fund its construction. Unfortunately, due to time constraints, it was not possible to build and test the specimen experimentally. The specimen geometry was then analysed using the Abaqus (Dassault Systѐmes Simulia Corp., 2010) FEA package. The 3D FEA analysis considered several different load cases. After carefully analysing the results it was seen that the rigid frame model could make useful qualitative statements about the effects of the nozzle loads, but it performed poorly as a quantitative prediction method. However, since the effects of the nozzle loads are generally quite small it is possible that, with appropriate safety factors, the rigid frame model could be used as a conservative design methodology. The usefulness of a commonly used empirical guideline was also examined. This project is far from conclusive and much more work is required to fully examine the usefulness of rigid frame theory. That being said, this project has made important steps towards a more complete understanding of rectangular pressure vessels and has shown possible ways forward.
Li, Nanxi 1986. "Heat Transfer Performance and Piping Strategy Study for Chilled Water Systems at Low Cooling Loads". Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148407.
Pełny tekst źródłaJakubowski, Marcin [Verfasser]. "Magnetic field topology and heat flux patterns under the influence of the dynamic ergodic divertor of the TEXTOR tokamak / vorgelegt von Marcin Jakubowski". 2004. http://d-nb.info/972555390/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaRadchenko, Andrii, Mykola Radchenko, Eugeniy Trushliakov, Serhiy Kantor i Veniamin Tkachenko. "Statistical Method to Define Rational Heat Loads on Railway Air Conditioning System for Changeable Climatic Conditions". Thesis, 2019. http://eir.nuos.edu.ua/xmlui/handle/123456789/4323.
Pełny tekst źródłaA statistical method of defining rational heat loads on railway air conditioning system with taking into account the current changeable heat loads corresponding to current climatic conditions on the route lines has been proposed. According to this method the rational designed heat load on refrigeration machine, matching current changeable climatic conditions on the route lines and providing efficient operation of refrigeration machine of air conditioning system with maximum (close maximum) refrigeration capacity production (refrigeration output) for definite period of operation (monthly, seasonal or annular period) is defined through statistical treatment of data sets of hourly refrigeration capacities corresponding to the current climatic conditions on the route lines by their summation during the operation period for various installed (designed) refrigeration capacities of machine. The method is based on the hypothesis of different rates of refrigeration capacity production increment for the period of operation with increasing the installed refrigeration capacity, that is revealed in slowing down the rate of refrigeration capacity production increment at over increased installed refrigeration capacity. Proceeding from this hypothesis the rational value of heat load on railway air conditioning system is chosen close to the value that corresponds to the maximum refrigeration capacity production for the period of operation. Such rational value of designed heat load on railway air conditioning system provides reduction of refrigeration machine capacity and its cost by 15…20 % as compared with traditional its designing for the maximum heat load. The operation of refrigeration machine in partial modes for enlarged installed refrigeration capacity chosen traditionally – for the maximum heat load needs application of expensive inventor compressors to control motor speed matching current changeable heat loads.
ElMohandes, Fady. "Advanced Three-dimensional Nonlinear Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Structures Subjected to Fire and Extreme Loads". Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/43945.
Pełny tekst źródła高村, 秀一. "超高熱流束プラズマの実現によるダイバータ模擬実験研究". 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/12964.
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