Artykuły w czasopismach: „Healthcare economics- India”

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Reddy, Pavan Kumar Nanchary, Anand Sutar, Sambit Sahu, Bini Thampi, Neha Keswani i Kapil D. Mehta. "Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus - importance of appropriate empirical therapy in serious infections". International Journal of Advances in Medicine 9, nr 1 (23.12.2021): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20214882.

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India has been titled the capital of antimicrobial resistance in the world with the centre for disease dynamics, economics and policy (CDDEP) predicting two million deaths in India by 2050. As per the World Health Organisation’s global priority pathogen list of 2017, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been classified as a ‘high priority’ pathogen due to its association with increased mortality rate, rising prevalence of resistance and increased burden on healthcare settings. A recent report by Indian Council of Medical Research signifies the exponential rise in the prevalence of MRSA in India, from 29% in 2009 to 39% in 2018. Serious MRSA infections are commonly associated with poor clinical outcomes coupled with increased hospitalisation stay and cost. Therefore, early identification and appropriate empiric treatment of MRSA plays a crucial role in healthcare settings. However, the constant rise in multi-drug resistance to the currently available anti-MRSA agents as well as their compromised safety profile limits its clinical use to manage severe MRSA infections. This review article explores the implications of severe MRSA infections and inappropriate empirical therapy on the clinical as well as economic outcomes. In addition, it also highlights limitations of the currently available anti-MRSA agents and the need for newer agents to manage multi drug resistant (MDR) gram positive infections.

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Self, Sharmistha, i Subhasree Basuroy. "Factors influencing healthcare choices by the elderly in India: role of social interactions". International Journal of Social Economics 44, nr 9 (11.09.2017): 1231–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-12-2015-0340.

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Purpose The primary objective of this paper is to identify and analyze factors that influence choice and quality of healthcare of the elderly population in two northern and two southern states in India. The purpose of this paper is to look beyond the obvious factors that influence choice and therefore the quality of healthcare and seek to find whether there are some additional indirect factors that also influence choice and quality of healthcare. Design/methodology/approach This paper utilizes data from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India pilot project, which was a cross-sectional survey of men and women aged 45 and over focusing on two northern states (Punjab and Rajasthan) and two southern states (Kerala and Karnataka). In this paper the authors carry out a Probit analysis to estimate the factors that influence the elderly’s choice of healthcare. Findings The authors find that social activity via different types of social interactions outside the home and access to a phone (which is one of the cheapest and most commonly used methods of communication used by people in India) are statistically significant in influencing better quality of healthcare for the elderly. Moreover, gender-segregated results suggest that social activity is particularly important for elderly females. Relative price of healthcare is also an important determinant of the quality of healthcare sought. The authors also find some consistent regional influences on healthcare choices by the elderly. Research limitations/implications The main limitation is the data itself which is cross-sectional in nature. However, as further rounds of survey are conducted the authors hope to be able to build on the results of this paper using a longitudinal approach. A second limitation is the lack of variables available for carrying out an instrumental variables analysis. The results imply that elderly males and females are influenced by different things when it comes to healthcare choices. Thus for policy to be effective, the government needs to pursue avenues that would be most likely to succeed. Practical implications One of the most important practical implications of this research is the understanding that informal channels of knowledge transmission are important especially for the elderly in India. Traditional methods of knowledge transmission such as education, media, and income are less likely to be effective in a country where majority of the people are illiterate and poor. Social interactions appear to be most effective in influencing healthcare choices of elderly females. Social implications The most obvious social implications of this paper are the importance of social interactions via social activities outside the home and ability for social communication via access to a phone for the elderly population in India to make better healthcare choices and therefore receive better healthcare. Originality/value The literature on elderly healthcare is limited when it comes to developing countries. What makes matters worse for India is that up until recently there have been no comprehensive efforts to collect reliable data on the elderly population in India. As a result there is extremely limited availability of policy-relevant research dedicated to issues relating to the older population. Most of the existing literature looks at self-reported health and healthcare status or utilization. This paper would be among the first to address factors influencing quality of healthcare received by the elderly population in India.

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Joshipura, Mayank, i Ashu Lamba. "Impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on stock returns of Indian healthcare and tourism sectors". Investment Management and Financial Innovations 20, nr 1 (28.12.2022): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.20(1).2023.05.

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The rapid spread of the novel coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has adversely impacted global economies and stock markets. This study employs an event study methodology to assess the impact of COVID-19 on stock returns in the healthcare (66 stocks) and tourism (39 stocks) sectors in Indian markets surrounding two events: a) the first COVID-19 case reported in India and b) the announcement of a nationwide lockdown. The findings indicate that investors’ reactions to both events were distinct and asymmetric in healthcare and tourism sectors. The tourism sector stocks react more negatively to the second event than the first, with –2.46% vs. –0.59% event day abnormal returns, respectively. The corresponding figures for healthcare sector stocks are –0.68% and –0.16%, respectively. As expected, pandemic events had a minor negative impact on the healthcare sector. Surprisingly, the tourism industry did not react negatively to the first event. Investors in the tourism industry underreacted to the first reported case; they could not predict the potential consequences and then overreacted to the lockdown announcement. The findings support the behavioral finance theory of underreaction and overreaction, particularly in stressful situations. The study has implications for investors and money managers looking for profitable investment opportunities due to temporary dislocations in stock prices caused by investors’ irrational reactions to certain black swan events.

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Yadav, Priyanka, i Amit Shovon Ray. "Private Sector Presence in Healthcare in India: Econometric Analysis of Patterns and Consequences". South Asia Economic Journal 23, nr 2 (wrzesień 2022): 171–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13915614221113406.

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The presence of private providers in the Indian healthcare sector remains one of the most debated issues. This article attempts to contribute to this debate from the angle of the ultimate goal of healthcare provision—a healthy population. We explore whether private sector presence (PSP) has improved the general health status of the people. We develop a theoretical argument to hypothesize that PSP in India would lead to better health status through the route of competition-driven quality, which in turn could lead to adverse economic consequences. We use district-level secondary data from government sources to confirm our hypotheses using robust tools of applied econometrics, correcting for serious problems of endogeneity. Constructing a district-level index of PSP, we identify distinct spatial/geographical clusters, explained by socio-economic prosperity as well as demonstration effect. We also find a robust positive association between PSP and general health outcomes, accompanied by an adverse economic consequence of rising catastrophic out-of-pocket expenditure. In terms of policy, the article concludes that rather than restricting the growth of the private sector, the government must strengthen the quality of the existing public healthcare delivery system and ensure effective monitoring and regulation. JEL Codes: 110, 111, 112, 115

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Kailthya, Subham, i Uma Kambhampati. "Political competition and public healthcare: Evidence from India". World Development 153 (maj 2022): 105820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2022.105820.

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Abhishek, Shriyuta, i Nanda Kishore Kannuri. "On the margins of Healthcare: Role of Social Capital in Health of Migrants in India". CASTE / A Global Journal on Social Exclusion 2, nr 2 (18.12.2021): 341–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26812/caste.v2i2.218.

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Social capital is a widely studied concept in sociology, philosophy and development economics since the late nineteenth century. In India, the various dogmas of the theory of social capital have not been studied to their potential, especially in the domain of public health. This study was conducted to determine healthcare access among migrants and their social capital, in order to explore the association between social capital and healthcare access. A mixed-method approach was adopted for the study. A survey (n=61) was conducted in a residential area in Bilaspur district of Chhattisgarh state, using Shortened Adapted Social Capital Assessment Tool (SASCAT). The qualitative component of the study will be published separately. It was found that 78.6 percent of migrants have a ‘low’ social capital and 21.3 percent have a ‘high’ social capital. Fischer’s exact test showed that there is no significant association between the economic status and social capital of individuals (p=0.06). The research study concluded that there is a linkage between social capital and healthcare access. High social capital resulted in better healthcare access, especially among vulnerable groups (women, disabled and elderly people). The findings of the study helped in charting out the pathways of healthcare access within the framework of Bordieu’s theory of social capital. It can be said that the concept of social capital has remained unexplored by academia and policymakers alike. In order to improve the healthcare access of migrants, health systems must delve into the complex nuances around tenets of social capital in healthcare.

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Shauq, Hani, Neena Gupta i Akanksha Singh. "Challenges Faced by Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Prayagraj District of Uttar Pradesh, India". Journal of Scientific Research and Reports 29, nr 2 (24.02.2023): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2023/v29i21728.

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Healthcare workers are more susceptible to contracting the coronavirus since they are the first to be exposed to the illness, even if they have the necessary training and experience to minimize the impact of disease spread among themselves and in the community. In this study, we have explored the preparedness of healthcare workers during threats of infectious disease outbreak in Prayagraj district. The study aims to outline the challenges faced by healthcare workers in India during COVID-19 pandemic. A survey-based quantitative study among healthcare professionals of a secondary and a tertiary care hospital for a duration of 4 months was conducted. The census sampling method was used for completing this research in this all the healthcare workers of both the hospitals considered. The data was carefully examined and was exported to IBM SPSS version 28. The study revealed that the healthcare workers indicated that they had to cope with mental health issues and a widespread PPE shortage. Furthermore, it was also found that the HCW suggested that the government should allow more entities to conduct and produce tests and should provide centralized communication and public information to help them prepare for future infectious disease outbreaks. The findings reflect on the difficulties faced by healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. This implies that there is a need to support the healthcare workers with adequate PPEs and supplies. Furthermore, it is necessary to provide a supportive environment to the healthcare workers to help them cope with the mental pressure that arises during outbreaks like COVID-19.

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Hunter, Benjamin M., Susan F. Murray, Shweta Marathe i Indira Chakravarthi. "Decentred regulation: The case of private healthcare in India". World Development 155 (lipiec 2022): 105889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2022.105889.

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Nayak, Tanaya, Chandan Kumar Sahoo i Pravat Kumar Mohanty. "Workplace empowerment, quality of work life and employee commitment: a study on Indian healthcare sector". Journal of Asia Business Studies 12, nr 2 (8.05.2018): 117–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabs-03-2016-0045.

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Purpose The purpose of the paper is to explore the relationship between workplace empowerment and employee commitment with quality of work life (QWL) as a mediator in the case of private healthcare employees in India. Design/methodology/approach The study used a structured questionnaire to collect primary data from 279 employees of private healthcare units in India. AMOS 20 was used to analyse the data. Findings Results of data analysis confirm that the proposed hypotheses of the study were significant. Structural equation modelling revealed a best-fit model that demonstrated QWL to be a significant partial mediator between workplace empowerment and employee commitment. Practical implications This work provides a pragmatic view about the action mechanism through which workplace empowerment can aid in generating commitment among healthcare employees. The paper also offers insights for healthcare managers, administrators and practitioners. Originality/value The research is an attempt to integrate the employees as the core long-term assets of the healthcare system. The study establishes the triadic and symbiotic alliance of workplace empowerment, QWL and employee commitment in the novel context of healthcare.

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Barathe, Priyanka Chandrakant, Herosh T. Haridas, Priya Soni, Krithi Kariya Kudiya, Jisha B. Krishnan, Vijay Shree Dhyani, Ambigai Rajendran, Andria J. N. Sirur i Prachi Pundir. "Cost of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment in India: a scoping review protocol". BMJ Open 12, nr 3 (marzec 2022): e057008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057008.

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IntroductionBreast cancer is the foremost cause for mortality among women. The non-communicable disease imposes significant economic expenses to communities. Its economic impact includes both direct and indirect healthcare costs. This scoping review will map key concepts underpinning the current direct and indirect expenses of breast cancer in India.Methods and analysisThis scoping review will follow ‘Arksey and O'Malley’s’ approach and updated methodological guidance from the Joanna Briggs Institute. The Cochrane library, Econ Papers, Embase, ProQuest central, PubMed and SCOPUS will be searched for peer-reviewed scientific journal publications from the year 2000 to 2021. Reference lists of included articles and preprint repositories will be searched for additional and unpublished literature. Independent screening (title, abstract and full text) and data extraction will be carried out against the defined inclusion criteria. The results will be narratively summarised and charted under the conceptual areas of this scoping review. The research gaps and scope for future research on the topic will be identified. Findings will be reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews extension for Scoping Reviews.Ethics and disseminationEthics clearance will not be obligatory because this scoping review will only involve publicly available data. The review’s findings will be disseminated through social media and a presentation in a national or international conference related to economics and healthcare. The findings will be published in a scientific journal that is peer-reviewed.

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Narayanamurthy, Gopalakrishnan, Roger Moser, Yves Sutter i G. Shainesh. "Indian healthcare value chain – status quo not a sustainable solution". Journal of Asia Business Studies 11, nr 4 (12.12.2017): 481–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabs-09-2015-0154.

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Purpose Indian healthcare system, especially in rural regions, faces several problems that prevent it from achieving universal and sustainable healthcare coverage. The purpose of this paper is to capture such problems through expert opinions and provide solution concepts that are derived from other similar scenarios. Design/methodology/approach Delphi study has been conducted with 38 experts from diverse areas related to the Indian healthcare sector. Nineteen theses were formulated based on the discussion with experts and were reconfirmed through intensive desktop research. Finally, theses were subjected to expert panel member’s evaluation. Findings The pool of arguments provided by the participating experts included 415 written statements explaining the (dis-)agreement with the theses. The experts achieved consensus in six theses with interquartile ranges smaller or equal to 20. The written arguments provided by experts were summarized into five different categories, namely interrelations/dependencies in healthcare, inequalities in healthcare, lack of proactive measures, importance of healthcare personnel and role of government in healthcare. Finally, a framework is proposed mapping the issues identified at different stages of the healthcare value chain. Problem-based cost allocation and hub-and-spoke model are discussed as potential solutions for the issues identified. Research limitations/implications Lack of empirical and statistical data on the effective cost arising from the present issues suggests future research to determine these expenses and therefore examine the feasibility of applying the problem-based cost allocation framework discussed in this study. Practical implications Results show that merely targeting the supply side of healthcare falls short of the mark, especially in a country, such as India, with large socio-economic differentials. Healthcare system, hence, should be viewed from a market perspective, taking both forces of supply and demand into consideration. Originality/value This study intends to allow for a comprehensive approach to identify the issues in Indian healthcare system by reviewing the existing key studies in literature and validating it through empirical inputs from experts in the domain. Based on the validation, a framework is proposed mapping the issues identified at different stages of the healthcare value chain.

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Chou, Jacquelyn W., Darius N. Lakdawalla i Jacqueline Vanderpuye-Orgle. "Public-Private Partnership as a Path to Affordable Healthcare in Emerging Markets". Forum for Health Economics and Policy 18, nr 1 (1.01.2015): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fhep-2014-0023.

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Abstract The BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) have experienced tremendous economic and health gains in recent decades. Two of the major health challenges faced by the BRICS and other low and middle income countries are decreasing inequity in health outcomes and increasing affordability of health insurance. One fiscally sustainable option for the BRICS governments is a public subsidy system for private health insurance plans. This essay lays out the potential applicability and impacts of public subsidies for private health insurance plans, as well as opportunities and challenges for implementation, in the BRICS countries. Overall, providing public subsidies rather than health insurance would enable the BRICS governments to avoid the open-ended financial liabilities that have plagued advanced economies, while still expanding access to health insurance and encouraging the develoment of a robust private health insurance market. We conclude by suggesting an array of pilot programs that could serve as the seeds for publicly subsidized health insurance schemes within the BRICS markets.

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Devi, Lakshmi, i Manvinder Kaur. "Maternal Healthcare in Rural Uttar Pradesh: Influence of free Services on Healthcare-Seeking behaviour of Women". South Asia Research 40, nr 3 (23.08.2020): 362–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0262728020944277.

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This field-based study evaluates the impact of free maternal healthcare services on the healthcare-seeking behaviour of 125 pregnant women in six villages of Uttar Pradesh. The 87 Muslim and 38 non-Muslim women participating in this project appreciated the antenatal and postnatal care processes on offer. Yet, various government efforts to encourage women to give birth in government hospitals to comply with international benchmarks on reduction of maternal mortality rates were unsuccessful. The study explores the various reasons for the strategic choices made by these rural women, who continue to favour home-based delivery. The findings raise policy implications about how state financing of maternal healthcare provisions in India is to be delivered, in the best possible manner, at local levels.

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Paul, P. K., A. Bhuimali i P. S. Aithal. "Role of Economics and Allied Sciences into Information and Computing Fields: Emphasizing Economics & IT Programs—World and Indian Context". IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 10, nr 1 (5.02.2018): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v10.n1.p4.

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<p>Information Technology is an important and interdisciplinary field of fields. Information Technology is applicable in almost all the areas of Sciences, Arts, and Commerce as well. Even sector wise whether healthcare, government, education, transportation or agriculture—everywhere Information Technology and Computing is required. Hence whether it is a Field or Subject or Sector, Information Technology is very much important and useful. Economics is an important subject for the development; it is more than development today. More importantly, it is valuable to note that Information Technology is not only useful in Economics but also in other contexts viz. Economics also played a great role in the field of Information Technology and Computing. There are many spaces where Economics and Allied Sciences such as Management and Commerce playing an important role. Due to the relationship between Economics and Information Technology, even educational programs worldwide have been developed. The programs are available as Bachelors degree, Masters degree, Doctoral degree etc. In India also in recent past, several improvements were noticed and as a result, educational programs combined with IT and Economics also noted. This paper is conceptual in nature and deals with the analysis and discussion on the application of Economics and allied subjects in the field of Information Technology and Computing. Moreover, the paper also discusses the educational programs available in India combined with IT and Economics.</p>

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Rymbai, Motika S. "National rural health mission and the interstate variations in public healthcare spending in India: A study of the Indian North-Eastern states". Indian Journal of Economics and Development 8 (9.12.2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijed/v8.149386.

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Background/Objectives: The North-Eastern region of India comprised of eight states of which seven states come under small states and special category states. The region has a very large rural population which is highly agrarian in nature. The performances of the states in many of the health indicators have been better than most of big Indian states yet the status of health infrastructure and health accessibility in the region are still a grave concern. The study aims to find the interstate variations before and after the implementation of National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) Act of 2005, on the public health expenditure in the North-Eastern states. Methodology: The data on public health expenditure has been obtained from the State Finance Reports of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), on population from the office of the Registrar General & Census Commission of India and the Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) from the Directorate of Economics and Statistics of respective state governments, Central Statistics Office. The study is of twenty-six years, 1990-91 to 2015-16. The study uses the coefficient of variation to determine the extent of interstate variations. Findings: The study found that the interstate variation in public healthcare expenditure with all the eight states in the region is on a decline. Further, the study found that post NRHM, the states have equalised their proportion of health spending. Novelty/Improvement: There have been no studies to compare the interstate disparity in public health expenditure in the North-Eastern states before and after the implementation of NRHM in recent years. Keywords: Public health expenditure; interstate variations; National rural health mission; North Eastern States; India

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Kansra, Pooja, i Tushinder Preet Kaur. "Does insured healthcare affects economic growth in India An application of co-integration approach". World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development 19, nr 3/4/5 (2023): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/wremsd.2023.10054685.

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Kaur, Tushinder Preet, i Pooja Kansra. "Does insured healthcare affect economic growth in India An application of co-integration approach". World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development 19, nr 3/4/5 (2023): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/wremsd.2023.130613.

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., Lalrinzuala, i H. Elizabeth. "Challenges of Women Healthcare Providers during Covid-19 Pandemic in Aizawl City, Mizoram, India". International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 6, nr 3 (11.08.2021): 221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20210738.

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Background: The onset of the Covid-19 pandemic had a significant influence on people's health, economics, social, and political life. The infection has spread around the world, increasing the stress and challenges faced by healthcare personnel everywhere. Women health workers were actively engaged in the prevention, promotion, and protection of Covid-19, holding important positions as doctors, nurses, laboratory technicians, and contributing important role in various other aspects; this virus had an impact on the women health workers' personal lives, mental, physical, and biological health. Aim and Objective: To explore the challenges faced by women health providers confront during Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: Structured questionnaire was administered among 100 women healthcare providers (nurse, radiographer, laboratory workers) who are working in the different healthcare settings in Aizawl district, Mizoram using online open data kit website. The quantitative data is processed and analysed with the help of Ms Excel and SPSS software. Results and Conclusion: The study found that women healthcare providers are facing difficulties in balancing work and personal life, adjustment to changes in lifestyle, decrease of interest in work, irregular supply of PPE and fear of exposure. Thus, the respondent suggested continuing working with good supportive equipment’s is necessary so as to execute their duties efficiently. The study concludes that effective measures must be taken to ensure safety at workplace. Keywords:Covid-19 pandemic, challenges, health care providers, workplace safety.

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Haenssgen, Marco J. "The struggle for digital inclusion: Phones, healthcare, and marginalisation in rural India". World Development 104 (kwiecień 2018): 358–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2017.12.023.

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Aggarwal, Shilpa. "The long road to health: Healthcare utilization impacts of a road pavement policy in rural India". Journal of Development Economics 151 (czerwiec 2021): 102667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2021.102667.

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Bahuguna, Pankaj, Shankar Prinja, Chandrakant Lahariya, Radha Krishan Dhiman, Madhumita Prem Kumar, Vineeta Sharma, Arun Kumar Aggarwal, Rajesh Bhaskar, Hilde De Graeve i Henk Bekedam. "Cost-Effectiveness of Therapeutic Use of Safety-Engineered Syringes in Healthcare Facilities in India". Applied Health Economics and Health Policy 18, nr 3 (19.11.2019): 393–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40258-019-00536-w.

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Dewani, Khushboo, Chethan Basavarajappa, Guru S. Gowda, Mahesh Gowda, Preeti Srinivasa, Chandrashekar Muthyalappa, Channaveerachari N. Kumar, Narayana Manjunatha, Sandeep Vohra i Suresh B. Math. "Economic Perspectives on Setting up and Running Telepsychiatry Services in India". Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine 42, nr 5_suppl (październik 2020): 10S—16S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0253717620966205.

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Background: Telemedicine Practice Guidelines, 2020 and Telepsychiatry Operational Guidelines, 2020 can be potential game changers in the practice of medicine in India. They provide legal grounds for the practice of telemedicine. The economics of setting up and running telepsychiatry services vis-à-vis in-person services in India is discussed in this paper to aid the practitioners in understanding the costs involved in each of these modalities. Methods: Costs for various hardware, software, real estate, and human resources are collated from various sources. Telepsychiatry vs. in-person setup is compared for the costs involved. Results: Telepsychiatry consultation will cost much lesser to that of in-person consultation. Conclusions: Telepsychiatry is an economically viable option. There are many benefits and hurdles in telepsychiatry practice. It is a step towards providing psychiatric services at the doorstep in compliance with the Mental Healthcare Act 2017, upholding the rights of persons with mental illness. It will benefit the practitioner, the patient, and the society.

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Praveena, Yeddula, Karanam Hema Sandhya, G. Manoj Ram, Bhuvan K C, Kudipudi Harinadha Baba i Karimulla Shaik. "Cost‐effectiveness analysis of olanzapine and risperidone in schizophrenic patients in the Indian healthcare settings of Andhra Pradesh, India". Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research 11, nr 3 (2.07.2020): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jphs.12367.

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Awasthi, Neha. "Health and Poverty Linkages for Population just above the Poverty Line: A Study done in Slums of Jaipur, India". Journal of Integrated Community Health 11, nr 1 (30.06.2022): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2319.9113.202202.

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Introduction: Underdeveloped and developing countries are unable to provide essential healthcare to all of their inhabitants, and those who remain uninsured are at a huge risk of financial hardship. It’s never easy to divide limited resources. Method: This study attempts to examine that, If urban poors, a vulnerable section of the society is protected against catastrophic health expenditure. Is there any deepening of poverty among urban poor of the city of Jaipur due to catastrophic health expenditure? 426 households in Jaipur’s urban slums were surveyed. Results: The incidences of Catastrophic Health Expenditure were 8.1% among urban slum households. The mean positive overshoot was 33%. Poverty increased by 1% at National Poverty Line and by 2.6% at International Poverty Line estimates. The increase in the normalised mean positive poverty gap from 29.8% to 45.3% suggests that the existing poor are becoming more impoverished. There was a significant association between increasing health spending and household cuts in food and apparel spending, at p = 0.0001 and p = 0.05, respectively. Conclusion: The results show a huge disparity between poverty estimates based on national poverty standards (2.8%) and international poverty standards (37.1%) indicating the necessity for developing sensitive poverty criteria. It is also vital to make an evidence-based decision on whether to employ assurance, insurance, or a combination of the two healthcare delivery systems. The assurance approach might expand accessibility while also lowering healthcare expenditures for the entire community. Rather than creating two distinct insurance or assurance systems, the government should pool its resources and efforts into one.

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Teixeira de Siqueira-Filha, Noemia, Jinshuo Li, Eliud Kibuchi, Zahidul Quayyum, Penelope Phillips-Howard, Abdul Awal, Md Imran Hossain Mithu i in. "Economics of healthcare access in low-income and middle-income countries: a protocol for a scoping review of the economic impacts of seeking healthcare on slum-dwellers compared with other city residents". BMJ Open 11, nr 7 (lipiec 2021): e045441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045441.

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IntroductionPeople living in slums face several challenges to access healthcare. Scarce and low-quality public health facilities are common problems in these communities. Costs and prevalence of catastrophic health expenditures (CHE) have also been reported as high in studies conducted in slums in developing countries and those suffering from chronic conditions and the poorest households seem to be more vulnerable to financial hardship. The COVID-19 pandemic may be aggravating the economic impact on the extremely vulnerable population living in slums due to the long-term consequences of the disease. The objective of this review is to report the economic impact of seeking healthcare on slum-dwellers in terms of costs and CHE. We will compare the economic impact on slum-dwellers with other city residents.Methods and analysisThis scoping review adopts the framework suggested by Arksey and O’Malley. The review is part of the accountability and responsiveness of slum-dwellers (ARISE) research consortium, which aims to enhance accountability to improve the health and well-being of marginalised populations living in slums in India, Bangladesh, Sierra Leone and Kenya. Costs of accessing healthcare will be updated to 2020 prices using the inflation rates reported by the International Monetary Fund. Costs will be presented in International Dollars by using purchase power parity. The prevalence of CHE will also be reported.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for scoping reviews. We will disseminate our results alongside the events organised by the ARISE consortium and international conferences. The final manuscript will be submitted to an open-access international journal. Registration number at the Research Registry: reviewregistry947.

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Mishra, Rajiv K. "The Appropriated Body: Biometrics Regime, The Digital State and Healthcare in Contemporary India". Global Policy 12, S6 (lipiec 2021): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.12945.

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Prinja, Shankar, Akashdeep Singh Chauhan, Kavitha Rajsekhar, Laura Downey, Pankaj Bahuguna, Oshima Sachin i Lorna Guinness. "Addressing the Cost Data Gap for Universal Healthcare Coverage in India: A Call to Action". Value in Health Regional Issues 21 (maj 2020): 226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vhri.2019.11.003.

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Yeow, I., G. O'Toole, M. Broadhurst, W. Zhang i M. Martin De Bustamante. "PDG22 Comparison of Healthcare Systems and Opportunities for Innovative Drugs across India, Vietnam, and Indonesia". Value in Health Regional Issues 22 (wrzesień 2020): S41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.212.

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Shukla, S. "PIH6 Economic Evaluation of the Automated Resuscitator Device for Asphyxiated Neonates in Tertiary LEVEL Healthcare Setting in India". Value in Health Regional Issues 22 (wrzesień 2020): S45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.233.

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Kumar, Pradeep. "The impact of patient recovery flexibility on service experience in public healthcare". Journal of Asia Business Studies 14, nr 2 (19.12.2019): 159–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabs-03-2018-0099.

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Purpose This study aims to identify the dimensions of patient recovery flexibility in the public healthcare context and its impact on the service experience. The study also explores the strategies and contextual influences to attain patient recovery flexibility. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a case study method based on a semi-structured interview with healthcare professionals, observations and informal discussions. Findings In the present study, several dimensions of patient recovery flexibility are reported. Different internal and external strategies to exhibit patient recovery flexibility, as well as two contextual influences, are identified. An integrative framework is developed to establish the relationship of patient recovery flexibility with service experience in public healthcare. Research limitations/implications The study was conducted in a public healthcare setting in India. The sample size for the semi-structured interview was limited to healthcare professionals, and the patient’s perspective is missing. Originality/value This paper contributes to the growing need for patient recovery flexibility as a strategy in the public healthcare delivery system. It offers new insights to address the gap in the literature regarding the linkage of patient recovery flexibility and service experience. The study provides an integrative framework of dimensions of patient recovery flexibility, strategies, contextual influences and the impact on the service experience. The framework and propositions presented in the study will guide future research that is needed in this area. This study provides an overview to shape and redesign the after-service support from a flexibility perspective in public healthcare for the improved service experience.

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Gola, Swati. "Medical tourism in India – in whose interest?" Journal of International Trade Law and Policy 15, nr 2/3 (20.06.2016): 115–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jitlp-01-2016-0005.

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Purpose The present paper aims to analyse who actually benefits from the policies to promote international trade in healthcare services through medical tourism in India. It also assesses the implications of unfettered and unchecked medical tourism for public health policy-making. Design/methodology/approach The research methodology adopted in this paper is inter-disciplinary (socioeconomic and legal) and includes a mix of doctrinal and empirical qualitative research. Findings The present paper argues that in the absence of any baseline data in the public domain on inbound traffic of tourists visiting India on medical tourism, it is difficult to assess and evaluate the private sector claims and that the absence of any format for data collection, management and analysis results in questionable accountability and institutional fragmentation and non-coordination. Furthermore, it results in asymmetrical policy-making in areas like international trade, which may have unintended negative effects for public health. Research limitations/implications The research findings of the present paper will also assist other developing countries considering to promote medical tourism to learn lessons from India’s experiences. Originality/value The present paper uses the qualitative empirical research conducted by the author to analyse the state of affair of medical tourism in India.

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Raina, Shahid Hamid, i R. L. Bhat. "Healthcare service quality in private hospitals of India - an empirical assessment from Jammu and Kashmir State". World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development 14, nr 3 (2018): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/wremsd.2018.10011954.

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Garg, Charu C., Pratheeba John i Tushar Mokashi. "Methods and Measurement of Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Healthcare Expenditures in India During 2013–2014 to 2016–2017". Indian Journal of Human Development 15, nr 3 (7.11.2021): 379–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09737030211047030.

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Improving investments in primary health care has become a mounting priority in the context of Universal Health Coverage and India’s National Health Policy 2017 goal to provide cost-effective care. The paper uses the India National Health Accounts, health care providers and health care functions classifications, to allocate current health expenditures (CHE) to primary, secondary and tertiary (PST) care and analyse the trends and composition of PST expenditures between 2013–2014 and 2016–2017. Findings reveal that 45.2% of CHE was spent on primary care in 2016–2017. The government spends 52% of its CHE for primary care. Private spending on primary care has declined from 44% to 41% during the study period. Disaggregate analysis shows that 41% of primary care expenditures were on medicines, 29% on curative care and 15% on preventive care services. About 32% of primary care expenditures were spent at government facilities/providers as compared to 10% at private facilities/doctors. Private sector share of secondary care (38%) and tertiary care (75%) reinforces the role of private sector in providing secondary and tertiary care services. In cognisance of national and international goals, an additional investment of 0.7% of gross domestic product or additional US$11 (₹754) per capita would be required in primary care.

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Agarwal, Bhakti, Rahul Singh Gautam, Pooja Jain, Shailesh Rastogi, Venkata Mrudula Bhimavarapu i Saumya Singh. "Impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance Activities on the Financial Performance of Indian Health Care Sector Firms: Using Competition as a Moderator". Journal of Risk and Financial Management 16, nr 2 (10.02.2023): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm16020109.

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Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) activities have become essential and viable activities of corporations because of the increase in concern for environmental, social, and governance issues. The motive of this research is to measure the effect of ESG on the financial performance (FP) of healthcare corporations using the market-to-book value (MTB) ratio as a proxy of FP. A sample of 33 pharma companies in India from 2011 to 2020 has been considered. The study relies on the panel data method to assess the association between ESG and FP. The potential moderating role of competition has also been studied to simplify their relationship in this framework. The finding of this study is that there is a significant negative association between ESG and FP, and it is also found that when competition is used as a moderator, it results in a significantly positive impact on the ESG and FP of healthcare companies. This study increases the understanding of the association between ESG and FP and helps corporations to formulate corporate strategies and stakeholders to make investment decisions. The originality of this study is that it addresses the impact of competition on ESG and FP of the healthcare industry and will become foundational literature for future studies.

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Bhatt, Sanjai. "Strong and Vibrant Social Sector is sine qua non for Social Development". Space and Culture, India 9, nr 3 (30.11.2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v9i3.1237.

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As the largest country, India faces several social issues, and all governments— central or states, have supported several welfare and developmental programmes and schemes. Unfortunately, many of these programmes were politicised and resulted in politicising interest and farewell to welfare. As a result, the social sector expenditure has grown just 7.7% of the GDP between 2015 and 2019, and of the total 7.7% GDP expenditure, 3.1% went to education, 1.6% to healthcare and the rest to other social services segments. India has a large social sector compared to many other countries having around 3.9 million NGOs and a substantial social service workforce. While India has announced its vision 2030 to become and is poised to become a five trillion-dollar economy in the next five years, it needs to emphasise that a healthy, strong and vibrant social sector is essential necessity to ensure its citizens' quality of life and happiness.

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Bahuguna, Pankaj, Lorna Guinness, Sameer Sharma, Akashdeep Singh Chauhan, Laura Downey i Shankar Prinja. "Estimating the Unit Costs of Healthcare Service Delivery in India: Addressing Information Gaps for Price Setting and Health Technology Assessment". Applied Health Economics and Health Policy 18, nr 5 (14.03.2020): 699–711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40258-020-00566-9.

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Dr.B.Penchalaiah, Dr B. Penchalaiah, i Dr P. Sobha Dr.P.Sobha. "Socio-Economic Inequality and its Effect on Healthcare Delivery in India: Inequality and Healthcare". Paripex - Indian Journal Of Research 3, nr 2 (15.01.2012): 275–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22501991/feb2014/95.

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Barman, Dipayan Deb, i M. I. Glad Mohesh. "Healthcare for all: scopes and challenges in Indian scenario". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 9, nr 1 (27.12.2021): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20215019.

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Health for all may have become a reality in many developed countries but developing economies are still striving hard to achieve that long cherished dream for their people. India as a developing country and as one of the fastest growing economies is also working hard to achieve health for all. There are problems which continue to grapple the Indian health sector services. India has successfully launched various health programs in the past few decades and has achieved success in improving on a few major issues such as maternal and child mortality. India has been declared polio infection free nation by World health organization in February 2012. There is tremendous potential for India to reorganize its health care sector through participation of both public and private sector and developing a competent and trained workforce. In order to enable the country to grow in all parameters it is important that health for all citizens must be ensured and by doing this India will be able to have a healthy population which will be productive and will therefore effectively contribute to the economic growth of the nation.

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Rao, J. Vijay. "Second Wave of COVID-19 in India". Telangana Journal of IMA 01, nr 01 (2021): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.52314/tjima.2021.v1i1.8.

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COVID Pandemic is a challenge but we, the Healthcare Professionals proved that we are good in the need of the hour in learning from each other and enabling society to protect both lives and livelihood. We are quite confident that anything is possible when we have the right people to associate and support us. These are times when we must take care of each other, our families and our society more than ever. This shall help us to create a positive atmosphere in these gloomy times. COVID-19 pandemic First Wave affected the most vulnerable sections of the population i.e. the old, sick and the immune-compro-mised. The Second Wave started when the infection started spreading into the general population, who may not have got the infection during the first wave and do not have protective antibodies against the virus. Experts have warned that a Third Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic is inevitable, given the highest levels of circulating virus in India, but it is not clear on what timescale this 3rd Wave will occur. In third wave, the most vulnerable group would be the children as all adults are now being vaccinated on priority. Still we do not have the authorisation to vaccinate persons under 18 years of age. This could probably pose a problem later, as children are a big unexposed group for the virus. There is no single response to defeat the COVID-19 pandemic. Advance planning and preparation can help to avoid a repetition of the tragic circumstances caused by the second wave. We must be prepared for 3rd wave & remain optimistic about the whole situation. If we are not over prepared, 3rd wave will be more devastating to the lives & livelihood. Transparency in data collection and it’s collation, accelerating vaccination and transparency in vaccine deployment, setting up more COVID facilities with beds, oxygen supplies and staff, decentralization and equitable distribution of Medical aid and expanding & empowering rural infra-structure will go a long way in meeting this challenge. Continue investing in health as we move ahead, as Health Care investment have a compelling self-interest. We need to create our own robust Healthcare infrastructure with an effective health care delivery system, which is much more agile, accessible, comprehensive, compassionate and responsible for health promotion, prevention of illness, detection and treatment of disease and rehabilitation

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Dang, Amit, i Jitendar Sharma. "Assessing the Low Influenza Vaccination Coverage Rate Among Healthcare Personnel in India: A Review of Obstacles, Beliefs, and Strategies". Value in Health Regional Issues 21 (maj 2020): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vhri.2019.08.480.

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Shukla, Divyanshu, Arvind Pradhan i Parul Malik. "Economic impact of COVID-19 on the Indian healthcare sector: an overview". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, nr 1 (25.12.2020): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20205741.

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A fearsome health calamity- the novel coronavirus of 2019 struck the world and created havoc with its rapid spread. Various countries got affected in terms of economic and other losses and the extent of impact depended on the pre-existing financial arrangement of the country and various other factors. Due to this outbreak, healthcare sector was one of the worst affected. Also, it needed most investment and had to respond quickly and effectively to manage this crisis. Among the countries affected, India- a financial centre with significant worldwide connectivity was impacted directly, leading to an imminent breakdown of economical markets. This paper tries to understand the different aspects of economic challenges faced by the Indian healthcare system and devise the possible measures to overcome the effect of COVID-19 pandemic in India. It analyses the short term and possible long-term impact of this pandemic on the health care sector of India in terms of efficiency and equity. The Indian Government had acted rapidly to allocate funds, resources and manpower. It announced relief packages for the marginalized communities and covered costs. Specific research centres in the country need to work to quickly mitigate any further damage.

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Fatima, Faeza, Muntaha Khan, Manju Puri i Kamran Chaudhary. "A Study of Perception and Acceptance of COVID 19 Vaccination by Pregnant Women in a Tertiary Health Centre in Delhi, India". Asian Journal of Research in Infectious Diseases 12, nr 3 (27.02.2023): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajrid/2023/v12i3245.

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The pandemic has led to a major change of focus in the healthcare system. The pandemic that started in December 2019 in Wuhan rapidly became a global health crisis. Pregnant women fall under the high risk category and the infection endangers two lives. Vaccination appeared as the only hope at the peak of pandemic. Materials and Methods: 650 pregnant women at a tertiary care centre in New Delhi were interviewed objectively irrespective of gestational age and educational status. Results and Discussion: 383 women(58.9%) pregnant women were willing to get the vaccine. 267 (41.1%) were not willing to the get the vaccine. 91.5 % women were aware that covid-19 vaccine is available for pregnant women. 90.3% women knew that covid 19 infection can be dangerous for pregnant women. Only 75.7 % women thought covid 19 infection can be dangerous for new born and children. Women who were aware that the infection can be dangerous for pregnant women and newborn were more willing to get the vaccine compared to women who were not aware. Women who thought the vaccine could be harmful for the fetus were reluctant to get the vaccine. Conclusion: Increasing awareness and knowledge in the pregnant population would lead to better vaccine acceptability. Vaccination status among pregnant population is still poor and with better awareness drives we can improve the vaccination statistics. The results can be extrapolated for other health drives and health seeking behavior development.

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Asif, Talha, Muhammad Waqas Rashid, Shamima Abdullah, Sibgha Afzal, Fazeela Zahid i Mehvish Saleem. "Knowledge of Mothers Towards Infant’s Oral Healthcare in Lahore". Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, nr 7 (30.07.2022): 510–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22167510.

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Objective: The objective of current study is to assess the knowledge of mothers regarding oral health maintenance of infants. Method: This descriptive crossectional study was conducted in a tertiary hospital of Lahore after getting the approval from intuitional ethical committee. The sample size of the current study was 238 mothers with an age ranges between 21years to 35years. Data was collected using convenient sample technique. For data collection, a questionnaire was adopted from a previous study conducted in India on the similar topic.9 SPSS version 25.0 was used to analyzed data. For age of mother and child, mean and standard deviation were calculated whereas for educational level and other questions based on knowledge of maintaining oral health among infants, frequencies and percentages were calculated. Results: Majority of mothers 178(74.79%) reported that transmission of cariogenic bacteria is not possible from mother to infant. Majority of mothers 189(79.41%) reported that bottle feeding during night is not the major reason of dental caries among infants. Majority of mothers 160(67.21%) reported that regular and persistent nighttime breast feeding is not a cause of caries development among infants. Majority of mothers 130(54.62%) reported that they are not sure about importance of oral health maintenance for infants’ general health Conclusion: In conclusion, there is a need to plan an awareness program to educate mothers about the importance of maintaining oral health status of infants to avoid dental caries. Keywords: Dental Caries, Oral Health, Cariogenic bacteria

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Badipatla, Venkata Narayana, Srinivasa Rao Gurugubelli, Mallapragada Rama Chandra, Peela Laxmi Teja, Vagdevi Bade i Santosh Raja Erabati. "A clinical study of lower limb cellulitis". International Surgery Journal 9, nr 8 (26.07.2022): 1421. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20221894.

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Background: Cellulitis is a soft tissue infection emerging as a major health issue in India. The aim of this study was to understand the incidence and associated causative factors of lower limb cellulits.Methods: This study was carried out at Department of General Surgery. This was a prospective, and NRI Institute of Medical Sciences, observational, clinical study included 100 patients who were admitted to the Visakhapatnam, with lower limb cellulitis. Period of study was between November 2017 to February 2022.Results: The average age of incidence in the present study was 54.6 years and major risk factor is trauma. Among them 44% had open wound and of them only 34% of patients had growth for bacteria. Of 100 patients,15% progressed to necrotizing fascitis. The rate of mortality was 3% which was attributed to elderly age, renal failure and sepsis.Conclusions: Hospital stay in cellulitis harness the years of healthy life leading to a reduction in income, aggravation of poverty levels and reduction in socioeconomic development of an individual. Proper understanding of the risk factors and factors associated with the complications of lower limb cellulitis will help healthcare professionals in implementing preventive strategies and consequently curb both the financial and health burden associated with the disease.

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Kandi, Venkataramana, Sabitha Vadakedath, Purna Singh Addanki, Vikram Godishala i Venkata Bharatkumar Pinnelli. "Clinical Trials: The Role of Regulatory Agencies, Pharmacovigilance Laws, Guidelines, Risk Management, Patenting, and Publicizing Results". Borneo Journal of Pharmacy 6, nr 1 (28.02.2023): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/bjop.v6i1.3263.

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The research carried out to find a better treatment, improve healthcare, and benefit the current medical practice is termed clinical research. Clinical trial includes the pharmacodynamics (mechanisms of action of a new drug), pharmacokinetics (drug metabolism inside the body), therapeutics (efficacy of the drug), and adverse effects (safety of the drug) of the novel medical products. Clinical research is a process that involves human subjects and their biological specimens. The clinical trial is a meticulously planned protocol-based study of a drug/device to discover a new/better way to prevent, diagnose, and treat a disease/illness. Considering the involvement of both healthy and diseased people in clinical trials, the regulatory authorities have a significant role in the processes involving the conduction of clinical research and carefully evaluate their potential implications on humans. Because clinical trials are usually aimed at assessing the safety and efficacy of novel pharmaceutical compounds and medical devices, pharmacovigilance laws and risk management assume increased significance while conducting clinical research/trials. In this review, we attempt to discuss the regulatory authorities' roles in different geographical regions, including the United States of America, The European Union, and India. We also focus on the importance of pharmacovigilance laws and risk management during clinical trials.

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Nayak, Bishwajit, Som Sekhar Bhattacharyya i Bala Krishnamoorthy. "Application of digital technologies in health insurance for social good of bottom of pyramid customers in India". International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 39, nr 9/10 (9.09.2019): 752–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-05-2019-0095.

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Purpose Social health insurance framework of any country is the national identifier of the country’s policy for taking care of its population which cannot access or afford quality healthcare. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the strategic imperatives of digital technology for the inclusive social health models for the BoP customers. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative exploratory study using in-depth personal interviews with 53 Indian health insurance CXOs was conducted with a semi-structured questionnaire. Using MaxQDA software, the interview transcripts were analyzed by means of thematic content analysis technique and patterns identified based on the expert opinions. Findings A framework for the strategic imperatives of digital technology in social health insurance emerged from the study highlighting three key themes for technology implementation in the social health insurance sector – analytics for risk management, cost optimization for operations and enhancement of customer experience. The study results provide key insights about how insurers can enhance the coverage of BoP population by leveraging technology. Social implications The framework would help health insurers and policymakers to select strategic choices related to technology that would enable creation of inclusive health insurance models for BoP customers. Originality/value The absence of specific studies highlighting the strategic digital imperatives in social health insurance creates a unique value proposition for this framework which can help health insurers in developing a convergence in their risk management and customer delight objectives and assist the government in the formulation of a sustainable social health insurance framework.

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Singh, Kanishk, Puja Bang, Rajesh Pattebahadur i Amrita Singh. "Awareness and knowledge of ocular manifestation in COVID-19 patients among health care workers (HCWs) in Central India". Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 8, nr 2 (15.06.2022): 228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2022.046.

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To know the awareness and knowledge of ocular manifestation in COVID-19 patients among health care workers (HCWs) in central India A web-based survey, cross-sectional study was conducted to obtain responses from health care workers (HCWs) in central India from the month of May – July 2020 to access the awareness and knowledge of ocular manifestation in COVID 19 patients among HCWs in central India. This survey was divided into three parts: (i) Participant characteristics (ii) awareness / knowledge of COVID-19 disease (iii) awareness / knowledge regarding ocular manifestation of COVID 19 patients and their source of information. Knowledge regarding ocular manifestation of the disease was assessed by questions focusing on COVID-19 signs / symptoms and risk in eyes, its transmission, and prevention. Ethical clearance was taken and electronic informed consent was taken and confidentiality of each person was maintained throughout the study. A total of 408 healthcare workers participated in the study, in which approximately 59.06% (n = 241) of males and 40.94% (n= 167) females, majority of them belong to urban area 74% (n= 302). Most of the HCWs 39.9% were between 35-44 years of age, in which 51.71% (n = 211) were Doctors, 35.04% (n =143) were nursing staff and 6.61%, 1.47% were hospital attendant and sanitary workers respectively Almost all participants (n=408) had heard about COVID-19, out of which 92.15% agreed that corona patients can recover completely. The study reviled that most of HCWs had good knowledge about the disease and its transmission. However, 336 (82.35%) HCWs were aware that the disease can also affect the eye and 278 (68.13%) accepted that it can cause conjunctivitis. The study revealed that 193 doctors (91.46%), 120 (83.91%) nursing staff and only 23 allied health workers (42.59%) thought that COVID-19 can affect eyes. In which (n=119) 56.39% doctors, (n=61) 42.65% nursing staff, and only (n=19) 35.18% allied health care workers believed that corona can spread through tears. Most doctors (n=165, 78.19%) agreed that COVID 19 can cause conjunctivitis, Which was not same in the case of nursing staffs and other allied Health care workers. Hence, there was a knowledge gap between doctors and other HCWs regarding ocular manifestation of COVID-19 disease. The study concluded that most of the HCWs were aware about the disease (COVID-19) and had good knowledge about the general condition of the disease but participant’s knowledge regarding ocular manifestation of the disease was comparatively less, though most of the HCWs agreed that COVID-19 could also affect the eyes.

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Easwaran, Sunanda. "Technology and Socio-Economic Development in India". Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies 8, nr 1 (styczeń 2022): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23939575211044800.

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The role of technology in business and society has grown at an accelerated pace in both developed and developing markets in the recent past. This has led to the study and use of digital technologies in a variety of fields, ranging from industry, finance and government policies to education, healthcare and social communication. Many authors have examined the link between new technologies and society in the context of what is referred to as the ‘digital divide’ between rich and poor countries. It has been postulated frequently that productivity effects of technology are moderated by country factors, and increased affordability and accessibility of technology has been instrumental in socio-economic growth across social classes, regions and economies. Education and healthcare play a critical role in socio-economic development. With special emphasis on India, this article examines how innovative technology at various levels of complexity influences societal growth, through its contribution to education and healthcare, in emerging economies. The need for and contribution of different players such as the private sector, NGOs and the government in the past few decades in India has also been discussed with emphasis on these two major contributors to development. With support of some examples of innovative entrepreneurial effort, the article discusses the efforts such as extension of use of digital technology to lower socio-economic strata and its impact on education and healthcare.

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Prakash, Gyan. "Steering healthcare service delivery: a regulatory perspective". International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 28, nr 2 (9.03.2015): 173–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-03-2014-0036.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore regulation in India’s healthcare sector and makes recommendations needed for enhancing the healthcare service. Design/methodology/approach – The literature was reviewed to understand healthcare’s regulatory context. To understand the current healthcare system, qualitative data were collected from state-level officials, public and private hospital staff. A patient survey was performed to assess service quality (QoS). Findings – Regulation plays a central role in driving healthcare QoS. India needs to strengthen market and institutional co-production based approaches for steering its healthcare in which delivery processes are complex and pose different challenges. Research limitations/implications – This study assesses current healthcare regulation in an Indian state and presents a framework for studying and strengthening regulation. Agile regulation should be based on service delivery issues (pull approach) rather than monitoring and sanctions based regulatory environment (push approach). Practical implications – Healthcare pitfalls across the world seem to follow similar follies. India’s complexity and experience is useful for emerging and developed economies. Originality/value – The author reviewed around 70 publications and synthesised them in healthcare regulatory contexts. Patient’s perception of private providers could be a key input towards steering regulation. Identifying gaps across QoS dimensions would be useful in taking corrective measures.

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V Chandrasekhar. "Rare Diseases - Orphan Drugs". TELANGANA JOURNAL OF IMA 02, nr 02 (2022): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52314/tjima.2022.v2i2.82.

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Rare diseases (RDs) are a class of diseases that do not affect most of the population. Apart from the common diseases that affect most people, some severely rare diseases often pose unique challenges to society and the healthcare systems in India. According to the National Institute of Health (NIH), the F.D.A., and the National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD), a rare disease is any disease, disorder, illness or condition affecting fewer than 200,000 people in the United States as defined by the Orphan Drug Designation Program. However, 95% of rare diseases currently have no treatment available. Healthcare Experts estimate that around 7000 rare diseases have been identified globally, out of which 450 have been reported in India, like hemophilia, thalas-semia, sickle cell anemia, and Pompe’s disease. Rare diseases come in many forms, including cancers and auto-immune diseases. Drugs for rare diseases are among the highest-priced medications on the market than other common drugs. A medical advisory board of nationally recognized and specialized physicians can help build in-depth case management tools and clinical decision support systems to develop and advance novel therapies. Recognition of carriers harbouring clinically pathogenic genetic vari-ations is essential to provide proper genetic counselling to the patient and management. The precise delineation of distinct RDs is possible through a meticulous clinical evaluation of the patients and their genetic screening. The Electronic Health Record (E.H.R.) helps foster collaboration and better outcomes. A holistic approach should be integrated across health care providers, both at the pharmacy and medical level, that helps improve patient experience and outcomes and reduce costs. Strong health poli-cies and initiatives are required both from private and government institutions for orphan drug development. A separate course on Clinical Genetics must be included in the academic curriculum of medical students in order to provide them knowledge on the basic concepts of genetics and its applications in human health.

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