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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Health risk assessment – social aspects"
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Kiseleva, Marina, i Anatolii Kiselev. "Social and psychological aspects of environment-based health risk assessment". Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine 15, nr 2 (2020): 142–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu11.2020.206.
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The authors are mainly focused on special features of using art-therapeutic techniques to facilitate adaptation of several categories of the population to the information about environment- based health risks. They consider the methodological issues of presenting the ideas about health risks within the medical ecological content, of informing about those risks, since the lack of attention to those issues leads to additional anxiety in the population, as well as methods of correction of the latter through art-therapy methods developed by the authors. A psychological support program is suggested, which consists of three stages: diagnostic, psychological correction, psychological and social support. The first stage suggests psychological diagnostics, which include methods that allow for psychological and emotional background assessment. Based on the results of the diagnostics and social data, a complex assessment is made about the main problems of a person and a decision is made about the participation in psychological correction, which consists of individual and groups sessions. The second stage is aimed at the correction of negative emotions and feelings, as well as reaching solutions that are more complex. Art-therapy is suggested as the main psychosocial correction method, the use of which can create safe art-therapeutic environment, where the main means of interaction is a constructive dialogue, based on creating and examining an art product of a client, ‘clientart product-psychologist’, where the client feels protected enough to express their feelings. At the third stage, the clients continue to work with the psychologist as part of the psychological social support, the essence of which is given in this article as well.
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Torres-Castaño, Alezandra, Analía Abt-Sacks, Ana Toledo-Chávarri, José Carlos Suarez-Herrera, Janet Delgado-Rodríguez, Beatriz León-Salas, Yadira González-Hernández, Montserrat Carmona-Rodríguez i Pedro Serrano-Aguilar. "Ethical, Legal, Organisational and Social Issues of Teleneurology: A Scoping Review". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, nr 4 (19.02.2023): 3694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043694.
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Background: Neurological disorders are the leading cause of disability and the second leading cause of death worldwide. Teleneurology (TN) allows neurology to be applied when the doctor and patient are not present in the same place, and sometimes not at the same time. In February 2021, the Spanish Ministry of Health requested a health technology assessment report on the implementation of TN as a complement to face-to-face neurological care. Methods: A scoping review was conducted to answer the question on the ethical, legal, social, organisational, patient (ELSI) and environmental impact of TN. The assessment of these aspects was carried out by adapting the EUnetHTA Core Model 3.0 framework, the criteria established by the Spanish Network of Health Technology Assessment Agencies and the analysis criteria of the European Validate (VALues In Doing Assessments of healthcare TEchnologies) project. Key stakeholders were invited to discuss their concerns about TN in an online meeting. Subsequently, the following electronic databases were consulted from 2016 to 10 June 2021: MEDLINE and EMBASE. Results: 79 studies met the inclusion criteria. This scoping review includes 37 studies related to acceptability and equity, 15 studies developed during COVID and 1 study on environmental aspects. Overall, the reported results reaffirm the necessary complementarity of TN with the usual face-to-face care. Conclusions: This need for complementarity relates to factors such as acceptability, feasibility, risk of dehumanisation and aspects related to privacy and the confidentiality of sensitive data.
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Oynotkinova, Olga Sh, i Vera N. Larina. "Medical and social aspects of health security in the formation of public health". City Healthcare 3, nr 3 (30.09.2022): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i3;67-76.
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Introduction. Monitoring of the health status of the population as a whole, assessment and analysis of the leading determinants of health, including genetic, behavioral, anthropogenic, biophysiological factors, represent one of the global functions of public health, focused on health protection and provision of medical services. To date, health disorders are primarily related to lifestyle and are always a collection of individual personalized health data. Unhealthy diet and low physical activity are risk factors for the development of a number of chronic non-communicable diseases, primarily cardiovascular, metabolic, in particular type 2 diabetes mellitus and some types of cancer. These risk factors lead to early disability, a decrease in the quality and life expectancy of people, disability, as well as the health budget and the economy. So, if on average only 3 % of the health budget is spent on disease prevention programs, then about 7 % of the budget in the EU countries is spent on the treatment of obesity and turns into 2.8 % of world GDP. In this regard, the implementation of early preventive measures is characterized by favorable and positive results.
Purpose. Analyzes the role of unhealthy diet and low physical activity as key risk factors for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, especially in the population of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods and materials. The characteristics of the presented studies included in the article cover international experience and analysis of the pilot study conducted on a population sample of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. To assess the economic costs associated with unhealthy diet and low physical activity, a general approach was used based on the analysis of individual diseases, in particular, type 2 diabetes mellitus, using population attributive fractions, regression method.
Results. Based on the data obtained, it follows that patients with an unhealthy diet and low physical activity, burdened with overweight or obesity, have a high five-year risk of developing new cases of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular complications. This includes early disability and the economic costs of providing medical care. Using the example of a number of European countries and its own results, this study is focused on assessing the economic damage that is associated with unhealthy diet and low physical activity among the population, regardless of the region of residence and the metropolis.
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Barnard, G. A. "Quantitative Risk Assessment". Journal of Medical Ethics 15, nr 1 (1.03.1989): 53–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.15.1.53.
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Schonfeld, Toby, i Joseph S. Brown. "Evaluating Empirical Assessments of Social Risk". American Journal of Bioethics 9, nr 11 (4.11.2009): 55–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15265160903197556.
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JENKINS, RACHEL, DINESH BHUGRA, HOWARD MELTZER, NICOLA SINGLETON, PAUL BEBBINGTON, TRALOACH BRUGHA, JEREMY COID, MIKE FARRELL, GLYN LEWIS i JO PATON. "Psychiatric and social aspects of suicidal behaviour in prisons". Psychological Medicine 35, nr 2 (21.01.2005): 257–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291704002958.
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Background. Suicidal behaviour and completed suicide are serious problems within British prisons, leading to significant morbidity and mortality, and are the focus of major efforts towards their prevention.Aim. To explore the demographic, social and psychiatric correlates of suicidal behaviour in prisons in England and Wales and their relationship with health service use; and to develop a combined psychosocial model of risk.Method. This report analyses the prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the ONS National Prison Survey, and their association with the presence of psychiatric disorders, personality disorder, substance abuse and social risk factors. These data were compared with data from the second national survey of psychiatric morbidity in adults living at home. In both surveys, a two-phase interviewing procedure was used, covering general health, health service use, assessment of psychiatric disorders, life events, social supports, suicidal behaviour, activities of daily living, sociodemographic data, substance abuse and intelligence.Results. Suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts were commoner in prisons than in the general population and these were significantly associated with higher rates of psychosis, neurosis and personality disorder in prisons. In addition, demographic and factors such as being young, single, white, leaving school early and experiencing poor social support and significant social adversity were important risk factors for suicidal thoughts. Crucially, there was no separate category of people at suicidal risk who did not have psychiatric disorders.Conclusions. The high rates of suicidal behaviour in prisons cannot be addressed without adequate attention to the high rates of psychiatric disorder and vulnerability factors in prisoners.
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Sawhney, Ramit, Harshit Joshi, Saumya Gandhi, Di Jin i Rajiv Ratn Shah. "Robust suicide risk assessment on social media via deep adversarial learning". Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 28, nr 7 (29.03.2021): 1497–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocab031.
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Abstract Objective The prevalence of social media for sharing personal thoughts makes it a viable platform for the assessment of suicide risk. However, deep learning models are not able to capture the diverse nature of linguistic choices and temporal patterns that can be exhibited by a suicidal user on social media and end up overfitting on specific cues that are not generally applicable. We propose Adversarial Suicide assessment Hierarchical Attention (ASHA), a hierarchical attention model that employs adversarial learning for improving the generalization ability of the model. Material and Methods We assess the suicide risk of a social media user across 5 levels of increasing severity of risk. ASHA leverages a transformer-based architecture to learn the semantic nature of social media posts and a temporal attention-based long short-term memory architecture for the sequential modeling of a user’s historical posts. We dynamically generate adversarial examples by adding perturbations to actual examples that can simulate the stochasticity in historical posts, thereby making the model robust. Results Through extensive experiments, we establish the face-value of ASHA and show that it significantly outperforms existing baselines, with the F1 score of 64%. This is a 2% and a 4% increase over the ContextBERT and ContextCNN baselines, respectively. Finally, we discuss the practical applicability and ethical aspects of our work pertaining to ASHA, as a human-in-the-loop framework. Discussion and Conclusions Adversarial samples can be helpful in capturing the diverse nature of suicidal ideation. Through ASHA, we hope to form a component in a larger human-in-the-loop infrastructure for suicide risk assessment on social media.
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Alshahrani, M. "Assessment of Psychosocial Life Aspects among Substance Abuse Clients at Rehabilitation Phase". NAMJ 17 (2023), nr 2, 17 (2023) (2023): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.2-58.
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Background: Rehabilitation of the substance misuse is a stage that is no less important than the main stage in the treatment of addiction, but rather it is considered complementary to it. The treatment phase of substance misuse is not worth anything if the addict suffers a relapse that causes him/her to revert back to the path of addiction, and this phase mainly aims to rehabilitate the substance misuse psychologically and socially. Objective: The purpose of the study is to assess the social and psychological life aspects of substance misuse clients who are at the rehabilitation phase at Erada and mental health clinic in Abha mental health hospital. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional research design was adopted in this study. The researcher used the systematic random sampling method to recruit a sample of 184 substance misuse clients who are at the rehabilitation phase at Erada and mental health clinic in Abha mental health hospital. To collect data, the study used the questionnaire that consisted of three parts: the socio-demographic part, the Psychological Functioning Scale and the Social Functioning Scales. Result: The results of the study showed that the total score of the psychological life aspects scale was (2.48±0.23). It was found that the greatest effect was for depression domain (2.6±0.50). Moreover, the study found that the total score of the social life aspects scale was (2.43±0.25). it was found that that the greatest effect was on risk-taking domain (2.5±0.48). Further, the study found that there were significant statistical differences in the social and psychological life aspects among the substance misuse clients who are at the rehabilitation phase referred to age, gender, marital status, type of misused substance, duration of substance misuse, unit of client, dose of misused substance, and withdrawal duration (p≤0.05). Conclusion: The study concluded that depression, self-esteem, risk-taking and childhood problems were the main affected social and psychological life aspects among substance misuse clients who are at the rehabilitation phase. The study recommended increasing public awareness regarding the major psychosocial effects of addiction and design interventional programs to improve clients’ psychosocial adjustment levels.
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Baouham, Asma, Seif-eddine Cherif i Siham Sakami. "A Review of Structural Vulnerability Assessment Methods in the Advent of a Tsunami". E3S Web of Conferences 502 (2024): 03013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202450203013.
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The interaction between hazard and exposure gives rise to risk. Tsunami risk assessment is derived from both hazard assessment and vulnerability assessment. Exposure can manifest in various aspects, such as social factors (e.g., population), environmental factors (e.g., agricultural areas), or economic factors (e.g., infrastructure). Our focus in this review paper is specifically on economic exposure, with an emphasis on structural vulnerability assessment. The approaches employed in tsunami vulnerability assessment are diverse. In this paper, we categorize them into simplified and in-depth methods, encompassing: (1) Empirical vulnerability functions, (2) Index-based approach, (3) Building tsunami vulnerability model (BTV).
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Esser, Stefan, i Sylvester Siegmann Heinrich-Heine. "P-440 MENTAL HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT FOR COMPANIES WITH AN INTERNATIONAL WORK FORCE AND INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS". Occupational Medicine 74, Supplement_1 (1.07.2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.1154.
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Abstract Introduction Mental Health Risk Assessment for Companies with an International Work Force and International Operations Methods The International SOS Foundation, together with several academic and occupational health partners and other experts on international work have published a white paper about the methodology and implementation of a mental health risk assessment for companies in Austria, Germany and Switzerland. Results While the legal aspects refer to above German speaking countries, the technological and scientific background will be valid world-wide and can set new trends. The process and results can be presented in an oral presentation by the authors. (Stefan Esser, Silvester Siegmann, Helmut Ehnes, Claudia Budeck) The possible methodologies of the mental health assessment are described in detail as well as the social, legal and medical background of an international workforce. Discussion- Conclusion The specific challenges of people working abroad and the linked challenges of companies managing such people are explained and described. A focus lies on typical outcomes of such a mental health risk assessment and the counter measures to follow. The presentation finishes with an outlook to the vision zero and their link to mental health risks and offers very pragmatic checklists for companies who want to implement such mental health risk assessments in their organization.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Health risk assessment – social aspects"
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Baleta, Adele. "Healing the rift : an assessment of a World Health Organisation's media communication programme for health scientists". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17344.
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Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Health scientists agree that the media is a crucial conduit for communicating life-saving, preventative and curative health messages to a wider audience. They also concur that they are the gatekeepers, and the responsibility of communicating their findings and health information to the public rests with them. And yet, their relationship with journalists is often unhealthy and in need of attention. Many health scientists lack knowledge and understanding about who the media are, and what they require to do the job of reporting ethically and professionally. They often lack the skills needed to frame simple, succinct messages timeously, especially on controversial issues such as vaccines and drug safety, immunisation and drug treatment for infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS. This study argues that health scientists/professionals globally, irrespective of culture, ethnicity, creed, language or media systems, need training on how to communicate with the media in the interests of public health. This is especially so in the modern world with its complex, high-speed communication. The objective of the study was to assess the impact of a WHO media communication training programme for health scientists worldwide. More specifically, the study sought to shed light on whether the training shifted their perceptions and attitudes to the media. And, if so, in what way? It also aimed to find out if the trainees learned any skills on how to deal with reporters. The research methodology was qualitative. A review of the literature, to establish current thinking in the field, was followed by interviews with health professionals. The interviewees are from China, South Africa and Ghana and received the same basic training either in South Africa, China or Sri Lanka. Some were trained in 2005, others in 2004 and others before that. Most had been trained together with participants from other countries. Two focus groups were conducted in China before and after training. Included, is an account of the aims and objectives of each module of the actual training. The study also made use of WHO documents and news and feature articles from newspapers, radio and the internet. Most participants had never had media communication training but had been interviewed by reporters. While some had positive experiences, others felt bruised by their interactions with journalists. After training, however, they registered a shift in attitude toward feeling more positive and less fearful of the media. They felt more confident and better equipped to engage with journalists. Most participants desired more training to consolidate the skills that they had learned. Some had managed to put the training to good use by developing similar programmes in their own country. Others who were trained more recently were enthusiastic about the prospect of sharing ideas with colleagues. Those who were unlikely to deal with the media directly said they felt they could at last contribute to discussions on the media in the workplace. The WHO training, albeit a first step aimed at bridging the gap between health professionals and journalists, goes a long way in addressing the frustrations and the complexities of dealing with the media. Health professionals want to communicate because they need to reach their target population, the ordinary person in the street. Training and facilitation can empower health professionals to deal constructively with the media in getting health messages to the public. This training programme, which imparts practical skills including how to prepare and manage interviews, could be adapted to meet the needs of scientists from different disciplines.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Gesondheidswetenskaplikes is dit eens dat die media ‘n uiters belangrike middel is om lewensreddende, voorkomende en genesende gesondheidsboodskappe aan ‘n groter gehoor oor te dra. Hulle stem ook saam dat hulle die hekwagters is en die verantwoordelikheid het om hul bevindinge en gesondheidsinligting aan die publiek oor te dra. Tog is hul verhouding met joernaliste dikwels ongesond en sorgwekkend. Talle gesondheidswetenskaplikes het geen kennis en begrip van wie die media is en wat hulle nodig het om hul taak – verslaggewing – eties en professioneel te verrig nie. Hulle kort dikwels die vaardighede om eenvoudige, saaklike boodskappe betyds te formuleer, veral as dit kom by omstrede aangeleenthede soos veilige entstowwe en medisyne, immunisering en medisyne vir die behandeling van aansteeklike siektes. Hierdie studie voer aan dat wetenskaplikes/gesondheidsberoepslui wêreldwyd – ongeag kultuur, etnisiteit, geloof, taal of mediastelsels – ‘n behoefte het aan opleiding om beter met die media te kommunikeer ter wille van openbare gesondheid. Dit is veral belangrik vir die ingewikkelde en snelle kommunikasie van die moderne wêreld. Die doel van die studie was om die uitwerking van ‘n wêreldwye opleidingsprogram van die WGO oor kommunikasie met die media te bepaal. Die studie het meer spesifiek probeer lig werp op die vraag of die opleiding hul begrip van en ingesteldheid teenoor die media verander het. En, indien wel, op watter manier? Dit het ook probeer vasstel of deelnemers enige vaardighede aangeleer het oor hoe om met verslaggewers om te gaan. ‘n Kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetodiek is gevolg. Bestaande literatuur is bestudeer om huidige denkrigtings op die gebied te bepaal, waarna onderhoude met gesondheidsberoepslui asook ‘n TV-gesondheidsverslaggewer van Beijing, China, gevoer is. Die ondervraagdes kom van China, Suid-Afrika en Ghana en het dieselfde basiese opleiding in Suid-Afrika, China of Sri Lanka ondergaan. Sommige is in 2005 opgelei, party in 2004 en ander vroeër. Die meeste is saam met deelnemers van ander lande opgelei. Twee fokusgroepe is voor en ná opleiding in China bestudeer. ‘n Verslag oor die oogmerke en doelwitte van elke module van die werklike opleiding is ingesluit. Die studie het ook gebruik gemaak van WGO-dokumente, nuus- en artikels uit nuusblaaie, die radio en die internet. Die meeste deelnemers het nooit opleiding in mediakommunikasie gehad nie, hoewel verslaggewers al onderhoude met hulle gevoer het. Terwyl dit vir sommige ‘n aangename ondervinding was, het ander nie goeie herinneringe aan hul interaksie met joernaliste nie. Ná opleiding het hulle egter getuig van ‘n positiewer gesindheid teenoor en minder vrees vir die media. Die meerderheid van die deelnemers wou graag verdere opleiding hê om hul pas verworwe vaardighede uit te bou. Party kon selfs soortgelyke programme in hul eie lande ontwikkel. Van die meer onlangse deelnemers was geesdriftig oor die vooruitsig om gedagtes met kollegas te wissel. Diegene wat waarskynlik nie veel met die media te doen sou hê nie, het gesê hulle kon nou minstens by die werk aan gesprekke oor die media deelneem. Hoewel dit maar die eerste tree is om die gaping tussen gesondheidsberoepslui en joernaliste te oorbrug, slaag die WGO se opleiding in ‘n groot mate daarin om die frustrasies en verwikkeldhede van omgang met die media te oorkom. Mense in die gesondheidsberoepe wil graag kommunikeer omdat hulle hul teikenbevolking – die gewone mense – moet bereik. Opleiding en tussentrede kan hulle toerus om konstruktief met die media om te gaan ten einde gesondheidsboodskappe aan die publiek oor te dra. Hierdie opleidingsprogram kan aangepas word om in die behoeftes van wetenskaplikes in verskeie vakgebiede te voorsien.
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Tlou, Boikhutso. "Statistical methods to model the influence of age and gender on the behavioral risk factors of HIV/AIDS". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/400.
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The effects of gender and age on the behavioral risk of HIV/AIDS are not clearly understood as previous distinct studies which have been carried out, have given disputable and contradictory outcomes. This study therefore, discusses the statistical methods which can be used to model the influence of age and gender on the behavioral risk factors of HIV/AIDS. In general, generalized linear models are the main methods which can be applied to depict the impact of age and gender on the behavioral risk of becoming infected with HIV/AIDS virus. In this study, the main methods used were logistic regression, log-linear regression and multiple regressions. Behavioral risk was taken as the dependent variable while age, gender, number of sexual partners, religious beliefs and alcohol and drug abuse were fitted as predictor variables. The three statistical methods gave significant results for gender and insignificant results for age. Furthermore, comparisons were made on the three regression methods and the logistic regression gave the best results. It was therefore concluded that gender plays a significant role on the behavioral risk of HIV/AIDS. The results of the study showed that gender of the student and number of sexual partners had a significant effect on the risk behavior of the university students. In future, it may be very important to find out why age is not a significant factor on risk behavior of HIV/AIDS among university students.
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Nygren, Peggy. "Exploring the Effects of Multi-Level Protective and Risk Factors on Child and Parenting Outcomes in Families Participating in Healthy Start/Healthy Families Oregon (HS/HFO)". PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1513.
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While many studies focus on the links between multiple risk factors and negative outcomes such as child maltreatment, less is known about the influence of protective factors in the face of risks. The theoretical base of this study was a social ecological model of interactive influences including individual parent, family, and neighborhood level factors to predict outcomes. Protective Factor Index (PFI) and Risk Factor Index (RFI) predictors were developed to explore potential multi-level protective factor buffering effects on key child development and parenting outcomes. Participants were first time mothers enrolled in a randomized controlled study of the Healthy Start/ Healthy Families Oregon (HS/HFO) home visitation program (treatment group) who completed a follow-up phone survey at the child’s 12 month birthday (n = 405). Families were offered HS/HFO services prenatally after meeting risk screening eligibility criteria on the New Baby Questionnaire (NBQ). Program mothers having received at least one home visit (n = 248) were included in the final analyses. Families had an average of 3.1 (SD = 1.2) NBQ risk factors at enrollment and 83% reported having trouble paying for basic needs. Families received an average of 16 home visits in the first 6 months of the program. Thirty-one percent of mothers were aged 19 or younger, 60% were White and Non-Hispanic, 31% were Hispanic, and 9% were another race/ethnicity. Hierarchical regression models with main effects (RFI, PFI, race) and an interaction term (RFI X PFI) were developed to predict eight outcomes. Interaction effects models were not significant. Five RFI main effects were significant: higher RFI scores were associated with greater likelihood of child welfare involvement, greater parenting stress, less favorable scores on child health and well-being, lower parent responsiveness and ii acceptance, and less supportive learning environments. One PFI main effect was significant: higher PFI scores predicted lower parenting stress. A trend level result showed higher PFI scores were associated with less child welfare involvement. Race was significant in two models: White/Non-Hispanic families were more likely to have a home visitor report child welfare involvement and had more frequent parent-child activities compared to other race/ethnicity families. Unpacking the results with separate single risk factor (12 items) and protective factor (10 items) regression models followed. Results showed parent’s prior family history of maltreatment and younger maternal age predicted child welfare involvement (home visitor report), while protection was seen for those with access to housing support. Social support and family functioning protectors were linked to lower parenting stress, while maternal depression showed the opposite finding. Better scores on a child health and well-being measure were seen with higher neighborhood cohesion and greater participation in HS/HFO; in contrast, neighborhood violence and frequent mobility were linked to worse scores. Developmentally supportive home environments were seen for families participating in additional parent support programs, in which the mother had greater knowledge of infant milestones and behavior, and if the family had access to housing supports. Unemployment proved to be associated with less enriched home environments. In summary, there was no support for the cumulative PFI in buffering risk for negative outcomes in this model. The RFI was also a more robust predictor of outcomes compared to the PFI in the main effects models. Overall, study findings provide some evidence for the utility of specific protective factors, as well as cumulative and specific single risk factors, for screening families for effectively targeting services and guiding the conceptual development of program and evaluation formats.
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Van, Wyk Mirna F. "Emotional-social competencies that enhance wellness in teachers : an exploratory study /". Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1277.
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Alcaraz, Cristina. "A community risk assessment of Huntington Park, California". Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1588575.
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The purpose of the study was to conduct a community risk assessment of the city of Huntington Park, California by utilizing the Communities That Care model to identify the most concerning risk factors for delinquency and school dropout. Forty-seven indicators measuring 18 risk factors were gathered from public sources. Data from Huntington Park was compared to data from Los Angeles County and California. The risk factors of main concern for the community appeared to be transition and mobility, low neighborhood attachment and community disorganization, extreme economic deprivation, family management problems, academic failure beginning in elementary school, early and persistent antisocial behavior, friends who engage in the problem behavior and early initiation of the problem behavior. Efforts to reduce involvement in delinquency and school dropout should target the community, school and peer and individual domains. Suggestions for evidence-based programs and approaches to reduce the most salient risk factors are provided.
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Ngan, Wai-tak Eden, i 顔偉得. "Health risk assessment of toxic air pollutants in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31253854.
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Man, Yu Bon. "Risk assessment of soils after changing agricultural land use in Hong Kong". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2011. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1227.
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Xing, Guanhua. "Human exposure and health risk assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls at two major electronic-waste recycling sites in China". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2008. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/994.
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Cameron, Kirsteen Sarah. "Needs-led assessment in health and social care : a community-based comparative study". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2006. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2984/.
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The assessment of need underpins the delivery of community-based care. Following the NHS and Community Care Act (1990), the principle of needs-led assessment was reinforced as it applied to the assessment and care management process. Translation of needs-led assessment into practice in Scotland has been further influenced by policy-based organisational change including the introduction of Single Shared Assessment and Community Health Partnerships. This study seeks to describe the political and practice landscape within which needs-led assessment exists, identify and explore factors which influence needs-led assessment, and consider the practice implications of the policy driver for community-based practitioners across the main disciplines of health and social care. Following a short pilot, the main study was undertaken using sequences vignettes within a semi-structured interview involving 105 social workers, health and housing staff. Key findings indicated a cloak of consensus around definitions of need and assessment with perceptions based upon a medical or social model of care or a professionally or personality-driven assessment of need. A preoccupation with the outcome of assessments caused many respondents to describe needs with reference to the interventions or resources required to address them. The practice of needs-led assessment, according to study results, was hampered by an awareness of resource availability, concerns over client compliance and risk and, an underlying alignment to the values and principles upheld by the employing discipline.
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Nagel, Barbara Jean. "Risk Comparisons: The Role of Self-Threat vs. Self-Affirmation in Shaping Responses to Social Comparative Risk Information". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1384505067.
Pełny tekst źródłaKsiążki na temat "Health risk assessment – social aspects"
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Canada. Health and Welfare Canada. Risk perception and drug safety evaluation. [Ottawa]: Health and Welfare Canada, 1990.
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Petersen, Alan R., Ph. D i Wilkinson Iain 1969-, red. Health, risk and vulnerability. London: Routledge, 2008.
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United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation., red. Environmental equity: Reducing risk for all communities. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Policy, Planning, and Evaluation, 1992.
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United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation, red. Environmental equity: Reducing risk for all communities. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Policy, Planning, and Evaluation, 1992.
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Vernazza-Licht, Nicole. Sociétés, environnements, santé. Marseille: IRD éditions, 2010.
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service), SpringerLink (Online, red. Catalogue of Risks: Natural, Technical, Social and Health Risks. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2008.
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Thomsson, Heléne. Women's opportunities for well-being: Studies of women's work, leisure, and health-related behaviour patterns. Stockholm: Dept. of Psychology, Stockholm University, 1996.
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NATO Advanced Study Institute on Environmental Impact Assessment, Technology Assessment, and Risk Analysis (1983 Les Arcs, Savoie, France). Environmental impact assessment, technology assessment, and risk analysis: Contributions from the psychological and decision sciences. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1985.
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Floriano, Lorena Raquel Pérez, i Juan Manuel Rodríguez Esteves. El análisis del riesgo y riesgos de frontera: Aportes desde las ciencias sociales. Tijuana, Baja California, México: El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, 2013.
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Vertinsky, I. Risk perception and drug safety evaluation =: Perception du risque et évaluation de l'innocuité des médicaments. Ottawa, Ont: Minister of Supply and Services Canada = Ministre des approvisionnements et services Canada, 1990.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Health risk assessment – social aspects"
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Ødegård, Atle, i Stål Bjørkly. "Interprofessional Collaboration Concerning Offenders in Transition Between Mental Health and Criminal Justice Services. PINCOM Used as a Framework for HCR-20V3 Assessment". W Improving Interagency Collaboration, Innovation and Learning in Criminal Justice Systems, 249–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70661-6_10.
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AbstractThis chapter provides a novel framework for risk assessment and management by combining the Perception of Interprofessional Collaboration Model (PINCOM) and Historical-Clinical-Risk Management-20, Version 3 (HCR-20V3). PINCOM was developed to identify central aspects of interprofessional collaboration, whereas HCR-20V3 is the most used instrument in risk assessment of violence worldwide. The main scope of this chapter is to introduce and discuss the feasibility of combining the two tools to enhance collaboration between service providers in the mental health and criminal justice systems. First, we describe the HCR-20V3 and suggest how parts of it can be jointly used as a tool for concrete collaboration in the practice field. Next, we present the PINCOM tool, containing a conceptual model (PINCOM) and a research methodology (PINCOM-Q). It is suggested that the HCR-20V3 serves as a meeting point between different professionals for being concrete in joint casework. PINCOM can then be used within a larger social innovation framework and as a reflective tool during or after this structured professional assessment and acting as a catalyser for constructive collaboration.
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Chircop, Aldo, Floris Goerlandt, Ronald Pelot i Claudio Aporta. "Understanding Area-Based Management in Shipping". W Area-Based Management of Shipping, 15–49. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-60053-1_2.
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AbstractThis chapter discusses area-based management (ABM) in shipping in view of developing an understanding of the broad range of tools used and how they are informed by risk and justified by social license. Their purposes are varied and include safety, environmental, security, and public health functions. The chapter first explores shipping-specific and non-shipping-specific ABM tools that have an impact on shipping and proposes an approach to taxonomy and classification. Subsequently, a risk perspective on ABM tools and processes is provided, addressing aspects of risk assessment, management, and governance. Connected especially to the latter, the importance of social license in the context of ABM tools and measures is examined closely. While at first blush the various ABM tools leave an impression of complexity and fragmentation, a closer look demonstrates flexible, nimble, multilevel, and multi-sectoral, problem-solving and management practices operating at the international and domestic levels that inform or guide each other.
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Ingram, David. "7. Health Care and Information Technology". W Health Care in the Information Society, 63–222. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0384.02.
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This chapter tells a story of seventy-five years of coevolution that has connected the practice of health care with the science and technology of information. It moves from experience of health care in the remote village life of my childhood to that in global village life today. It explores decades of transition onto a new landscape of disciplines, professions and services, played out within rapidly changing social, economic and political contexts. This transition has been described as turning the world of health care upside down, from an Industrial Age to an Information Age—the former grouped around service providers and the latter with a more patient-centred focus. Changing means and opportunities for preventing and combating disease have succeeded in saving lives and extending lifespans, albeit with increased years of ageing life often spent living with chronic and incurable conditions. The contributions of good nutrition, clean environment, shelter, sense of community and security to longer lifespan and healthier lifestyle, understood now in greater detail, give pause for thought about the balance, continuity and governance of health care services. Three contrasting commentaries on this era of change are introduced—from industry, science and social commentators of the times. With the arrival of new measurement and computational methods, spanning from genome to physiome science and to population level informatics and now machine intelligence, the Information Age has pressured health services with continually changing challenges, characterized by what has been described as ‘wicked problems’, the nature of which is discussed. Wholly new industries, providing products and services for diagnosis and treatment, many of these increasingly offered directly to citizens, have grown in scope and scale. In an era when powerful new treatments have come with increased risk of harm to patients, ethical and legal aspects of care services and their governance frameworks have come under increasing public and regulatory scrutiny. The changing scenes of education, assessment of competence to practice, accountability for care services, clinical risk, patient safety and research, are introduced, all dependent on the quality of relevant sources of information. This kaleidoscopic image of change sets the scene for discussion of the increasingly centre stage focus on information policy.
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Rucinska, Dorota. "Social Aspects in Flood Risk Assessment". W Stochastic Flood Forecasting System, 189–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18854-6_12.
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Meister, Reinhard. "Aspects of Concentration-Response Analysis". W Risk Assessment of Prenatally-Induced Adverse Health Effects, 211–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77753-0_17.
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Gokeler, Alli, i Daniel Büchel. "Pre-seasonal Assessment and Performance Diagnostics: Orthopaedic and Functional Aspects". W Injury and Health Risk Management in Sports, 75–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60752-7_12.
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Pnevmatikakis, Aristodemos, Stathis Kanavos, Alexandros Perikleous i Sofoklis Kyriazakos. "Risk Assessment for Personalized Health Insurance Products". W Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in Digital Finance, 281–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94590-9_16.
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AbstractThe way people lead their lives is considered an important factor in health. In this chapter, we describe a system to provide risk assessment based on behavior for the health insurance sector. The system processes real-world data (RWD) of individuals from their daily life that enumerate different aspects of behavior collection. The data have been captured using the Healthentia platform and a simulator that augments the actual dataset with synthetic data. Classifiers are built to predict variations of peoples’ well-being short-term outlook. Risk assessment services are provided to health insurance professionals by processing the classifier predictions in the long term while explaining the classifiers themselves provide insights on the coaching of the users of the service.
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Jasanoff, Sheila. "Cultural Aspects of Risk Assessment in Britain and the United States". W The Social and Cultural Construction of Risk, 359–97. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3395-8_15.
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Oughton, Deborah Helen. "Societal and Ethical Aspects of Radiation Risk Perception". W Mental Health and Social Issues Following a Nuclear Accident, 45–54. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55699-2_4.
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Sterz, Helmut. "Planning and Performance of Segment I, II and III Experiments: Practical Aspects and General Comments". W Risk Assessment of Prenatally-Induced Adverse Health Effects, 377–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77753-0_26.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenia konferencji na temat "Health risk assessment – social aspects"
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Krainova, I. A., N. I. Latyshevskaya i A. V. Belyaeva. "HEALTH RISKS OF COSMETOLOGISTS: HYGIENIC AND SOCIAL ASPECTS". W The 17th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» Russian National Congress with International Participation (OHRNC-2023). FSBSI «IRIOH», 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-1-4-2023-1-239-242.
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The article contains an expert-analytical review of domestic publications devoted to the hygienic and medical-social assessment of the work of cosmetologists. The authors summarized their own research, which made it possible to substantiate the priority risk factors for the health of doctors in this specialty. As a result, the necessity of regulatory and legal improvement of cosmetology care in a developing market, based on mechanisms for ensuring quality and safety for consumers, but also protecting the rights of specialists, is substantiated. It is advisable to further study the factors of the working environment and the conditions for organizing the work of cosmetologists, substantiate the degree of its harmfulness and danger, as well as the argumentation of priority health risk factors.
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Khaled, Salma, Peter Haddad, Majid Al-Abdulla, Tarek Bellaj, Yousri Marzouk, Youssef Hasan, Ibrahim Al-Kaabi i in. "Qatar - Longitudinal Assessment of Mental Health in Pandemics (Q-LAMP)". W Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0287.
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Aims: Q-LAMP aims to identify risk factors and resilience factors for symptoms of psychiatric illness during the pandemic. Study strengths include the 1-year longitudinal design and the use of standardized instruments already available in English and Arabic. The results will increase understanding of the impact of the pandemic on mental health for better support of the population during the pandemic and in future epidemics. Until an effective vaccine is available or herd immunity is achieved, countries are likely to encounter repeated ‘waves’ of infection. The identification of at-risk groups for mental illness will inform the planning and delivery of individualized treatment including primary prevention. Methodology: Longitudinal online survey; SMS-based recruitment and social media platforms advertisements e.g. Facebook, Instagram; Online consent; Completion time for questionnaires: approx. 20 to 30 minute; Baseline questionnaire with follow up at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months; Study completion date: Sept. 2021. Inclusion criteria: Currently living in Qatar; Qatari residents: citizens and expatriates; Age 18 years; read Arabic or English (questionnaire and consent form available in both languages). Instruments: Sociodemographic questionnaire including personal and family experience of COVID-19 infection; Standard instruments to assess psychiatric morbidity including depression, anxiety and PTSD; research team-designed instruments to assess social impact of pandemic; standard questionnaires to assess resilience, personality, loneliness, religious beliefs and social networks. Results: The analysis was based on 181 observations. Approximately, 3.5% of the sample was from the sms-recruitment method. The sample of completed surveys consisted of 65.0% females and 35.0% males. Qatari respondents comprised 27.0% of the total sample, while 52% of the sample were married, 25% had Grade 12 or lower level of educational attainment, and 46.0% were unemployed. Covid-19 appears to have affected different aspects of people’s lives from personal health to living arrangements, employment, and health of family and friends. Approximately, 41% to 55% of those who responded to the survey perceived changes in their stress levels, mental health, and loneliness to be worse than before the pandemic. Additionally, the wide availability of information about the pandemic on the internet and social media was perceived as source of pandemic-related worries among members of the public. Conclusion: The continued provision of mental health service and educational campaigns about effective stress and mental health management is warranted.
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Maksimov, S. A., Mikhail Kurakin, Natalya Kostina i M. B. Kotova. "ASSESSMENT OF BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTORS AS A WAY OF DESIGNING NEW PRODUCTS OF SPECIALIZED NUTRITION". W I International Congress “The Latest Achievements of Medicine, Healthcare, and Health-Saving Technologies”. Kemerovo State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/-i-ic-79.
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The aspects of designing new products are considered. The relevance of socio-demographic
data of the consumer is noted. A developed questionnaire consisting of 10 modules is proposed to
obtain data on behavioral risk factors of students of a higher educational institution. The survey will
allow a comprehensive assessment of the contextual impact on students of environmental conditions
and their individual eating patterns and habits.
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Orga-Dumitriu, Dan. "THE SILENT THREAT: LONG-COVID'S CARDIAC CONSEQUENCES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PATIENTS CARE". W 10th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2023. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2023/s13.59.
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The article examines the cardiac consequences of long-COVID and their implications for patient care. Long-COVID refers to persistent symptoms and complications that occur in some patients after apparent recover from COVID-19. One concerning aspect of long-COVID is cardiac involvement. Recent studies have found that some patients with long-COVID may experience cardiac complications, including myocarditis, ventricular dysfunction, cardiac rhythm disturbances, and blood clot formation. These conditions can persist in the long term and have significant implications for cardiac health and patients' quality of life. This article emphasizes the importance of careful evaluation and monitoring of patients with long-COVID regarding cardiovascular health. A multidisciplinary approach is necessary, including functional assessment of the heart, monitoring of cardiac rhythm and inflammation markers, and assessment of thromboembolic risk. The implications for patient care, including managing persistent cardiovascular symptoms and managing cardiovascular risk factors, and implementing a personal rehabilitation plan, are discussed. In conclusion, long-COVID can pose a silent threat to cardiac health, and understanding its consequences and implications for patient care is crucial. Further researches are needed to develop optimal management strategies and effective therapeutic interventions to minimize the long-term impact of cardiac conditions among patients with long-COVID.
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Melton, H. Rodger, i Nina K. Springer. "Risk-Based Environmental Aspects Assessment". W SPE International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/111946-ms.
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Newcombe, A., A. Evangelio, P. Revilla, T. Laranjeiro i S. F. Hansen. "The environmental, social and ethical aspects of multinational corporations exploiting oil resources in Ecuador". W ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RISK 2013. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ehr130141.
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Lavrinoviča, Beata. "School Gardening: What is Current Trend about?" W 79th International Scientific Conference of University of Latvia. University of Latvia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/htqe.2021.51.
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There is plenty of research on school gardening practices reflecting the positive effects of garden-based learning on the development of elementary school students, which are mainly based on short-term gardening program implementation and assessment. However, theoretical research of school gardening is still not shaped well, as the distribution of research activities is unequal and the concept itself is still considered being innovative. A review of scientific literature and documents has been done to define what the school gardening concept really means and what are the spatial and functional domains of it. The review has touched on historical aspects of the school gardening movement’s rise at the beginning of the 20th century in the U.S., as the country considered being at the frontiers of the current trend. Differences in defining school gardening priorities were identified, pointing out the variety of functional domains of school gardening activities developed during the century. Currently, school gardening is characterized by its role in improving students’ learning and achievements, environmental attitudes, health and food behaviours, intrapersonal skills and emotional wellbeing, and social bonds. Also, as the term “school gardening” itself refers to a specific place-based setting, its spatial domain was inspected and redefined according to the variety of current garden-based learning practices. The review allowed to define school gardening as a school-run and community-supported tool for student engagement with school curriculum, civic activism, healthy lifestyle, and development of intrapersonal and social skills through experiential, experimental, transdisciplinary, collaborative, and self-directed learning.
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Pettitt, Glenn, i Shana Westfall. "The Advantages of Integrating Major Hazard Safety and Impact Assessments for Pipeline Projects". W 2016 11th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2016-64370.
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During many years of working on oil and gas pipeline projects, the authors have experienced many occasions where safety and environmental professionals on the same project have conducted assessments without using an integrated approach, often to the detriment of the project. This ‘siloed’ behaviour is evident in the way that safety and environmental teams are often assembled at different times and have little to no interaction. An Environmental, Social and Health Impact Assessment (ESHIA) is used as a key mechanism to identify potential adverse consequences from a pipeline project in terms of unwanted impacts to fauna and flora and local communities. Simultaneously, major hazard studies are carried out for a pipeline project to identify major accident hazards risks to adjacent communities or at above ground installations (AGIs), usually from flammable events due to the transport of natural gas, crude oil or petroleum products. Both the ESHIA and the major accident hazards processes will identify appropriate prevention, control and mitigation measures to reduce the risk from the pipeline system and to manage the potential adverse consequences in the unlikely event of a major accident. Within the scope of many ESHIAs prepared now, there is an assessment of environmental and social impacts from ‘unplanned events’, which essentially are those major hazard events with the potential to cause multiple injuries or fatalities to people in the local community or at AGIs. As such events are likely to have a major consequence to the environment, particularly in the case of crude oil and petroleum products releases, it makes sense for such events to be studied by both safety and environmental professionals using an integrated approach. Such an integrated approach requires collaboration between various professionals from an early point within a project, as there are several different aspects with a pipeline project that will require the assessment of key personnel. For a pipeline project in the design stages, the main points for consideration are as follows: • Construction of the pipeline system, with major disruptions to the local environment from the construction itself (line pipe and AGIs) and due to the logistical requirements (traffic movements, movements of personnel and construction camps, moving major equipment across the world). • Operation of the pipeline system, with potential adverse impacts due to a loss of containment, as has been shown by many accidents in the past (e.g. Ref 1, 2). The key issue here is that the initiating events often remain the same, certainly with regard to operations where the initiating event will be a loss of containment. There may be adverse consequences to people, the biological environment and the physical environment, depending on the location and nature of the incident. For this reason joint participation in the hazard identification (HAZID) process by key safety, social and environmental professionals is considered beneficial to a pipeline project to ensure all potential initiators are included. In this case, the HAZID process would also include an environmental impact identification (ENVID), rather than conducting both processes separately. A major advantage of conducting an integrated approach is the potential cost-savings. By bringing together technical safety and environmental professionals at an early stage of pipeline project design, there is the potential to avoid ‘doubling-up’ on potential issues, as well as conducting two parallel processes that have many similarities. Perhaps more significantly, many potential adverse consequences (environmental, social and safety) can be prevented, controlled or mitigated through their early consideration during project design. Hence, by bringing together these different technical view-points at an early stage of pipeline system design, potential risk reduction options that would be beneficial to people and the environment may be identified. If ESHIA considerations and major accident hazard studies are evaluated in parallel during the early stages of a project (e.g. Appraise or Select), a pipeline project will have more available options to prevent potential impacts. As prevention of hazards is generally more cost-effective than designing in control and mitigation measures (for recovery of an incident), this will have a critical financial benefit. Furthermore, early changes to project design are generally far less costly than changes in the latter stages of a pipeline project; hence, early identification of prevention and risk reduction may be hugely beneficial.
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Reeman, Angela, i Evelien Weller. "Social Risk Assessment as Stakeholder Engagement". W International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/157194-ms.
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Svoboda, Karel, Josef Podlaha, David Sˇi´r i Josef Mudra. "Experiences in the Field of Radioactive Materials Seizures in the Czech Republic". W The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7175.
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In recent years, the amount of radioactive materials seizures (captured radioactive materials) has been rising. It was above all due to newly installed detection facilities that were able to check metallic scrap during its collection in scrap yards or on the entrance to iron-mills, checking municipal waste upon entrance to municipal disposal sites, even incineration plants, or through checking vehicles going through the borders of the Czech Republic. Most cases bore a relationship to secondary raw materials or they were connected to the application of machines and installations made from contaminated metallic materials. However, in accordance to our experience, the number of cases of seizures of materials and devices containing radioactive sources used in the public domain was lower, but not negligible, in the municipal storage yards or incineration plants. Atomic Act No. 18/1997 Coll. will apply to everybody who provides activities leading to exposure, mandatory assurance as high radiation safety as risk of the endangering of life, personal health and environment is as low as reasonably achievable in according to social and economic aspects. Hence, attention on the examination of all cases of the radioactive material seizure based on detection facilities alarm or reasonably grounds suspicion arising from the other information is important. Therefore, a service carried out by group of workers who ensure assessment of captured radioactive materials and eventual retrieval of radioactive sources from the municipal waste has come into existence in the Nuclear Research Institute Rez plc. This service has covered also transport, storage, processing and disposal of found radioactive sources. This service has arisen especially for municipal disposal sites, but later on even other companies took advantage of this service like incineration plants, the State Office for Nuclear Safety, etc. Our experience in the field of ensuring assessment of captured radioactive materials and eventual retrieval of radioactive sources will be presented in the paper.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Health risk assessment – social aspects"
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Rancans, Elmars, Jelena Vrublevska, Ilana Aleskere, Baiba Rezgale i Anna Sibalova. Mental health and associated factors in the general population of Latvia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Rīga Stradiņš University, luty 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25143/fk2/0mqsi9.
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Description The goal of the study was to assess mental health, socio-psychological and behavioural aspects in the representative sample of Latvian general population in online survey, and to identify vulnerable groups during COVID-19 pandemic and develop future recommendations. The study was carried out from 6 to 27 July 2020 and was attributable to the period of emergency state from 11 March to 10 June 2020. The protocol included demographic data and also data pertaining to general health, previous self-reported psychiatric history, symptoms of anxiety, clinically significant depression and suicidality, as well as a quality of sleep, sex, family relationships, finance, eating and exercising and religion/spirituality, and their changes during the pandemic. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale was used to determine the presence of distress or depression, the Risk Assessment of Suicidality Scale was used to assess suicidal behaviour, current symptoms of anxiety were assessed by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory form Y. (2021-02-04) Subject Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Keyword: COVID19, pandemic, depression, anxiety, suicidality, mental health, Latvia
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Arneson, Lynn, Hilary Hoagland-Grey i Natasha Ward. Environmental and Social, Health and Safety Management System ESHSMS: Small Hotels and Resorts. Inter-American Development Bank, listopad 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009062.
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When investing in small and mid-size hotel projects, the IDB, as a general rule, requires that the Sponsor develop and implement an environmental and social management system (ESHSMS). The ESHSMS is typically developed after completion of the Environmental Assessment Process which, depending on the project, would include development of either an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) or an Environmental and Social Analysis (ESA). An ESHSMS is a framework developed to identify and manage environmental and social aspects of each principal phase of project development (i.e., siting and design, construction, and operation). Development of an ESHSMS ensures environmental and social issues associated with each phase of the project are identified, evaluated, and managed in a systematic way, and that management of those issues is integrated into every aspect of the project.
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Sett, Dominic, Florian Waldschmidt, Alvaro Rojas-Ferreira, Saut Sagala, Teresa Arce Mojica, Preeti Koirala, Patrick Sanady i in. Climate and disaster risk analytics tool for adaptive social protection. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security, marzec 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/wnsg2302.
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Adaptive Social Protection (ASP) as discussed in this report is an approach to enhance the well-being of communities at risk. As an integrated approach, ASP builds on the interface of Disaster Risk Management (DRM), Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) and Social Protection (SP) to address interconnected risks by building resilience, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of traditionally sectoral approaches. The design of meaningful ASP measures needs to be informed by specific information on risk, risk drivers and impacts on communities at risk. In contrast, a limited understanding of risk and its drivers can potentially lead to maladaptation practices. Therefore, multidimensional risk assessments are vital for the successful implementation of ASP. Although many sectoral tools to assess risks exist, available integrated risk assessment methods across sectors are still inadequate in the context of ASP, presenting an important research and implementation gap. ASP is now gaining international momentum, making the timely development of a comprehensive risk analytics tool even more important, including in Indonesia, where nationwide implementation of ASP is currently under way. OBJECTIVE: To address this gap, this study explores the feasibility of a climate and disaster risk analytics tool for ASP (CADRAT-ASP), combining sectoral risk assessment in the context of ASP with a more comprehensive risk analytics approach. Risk analytics improve the understanding of risks by locating and quantifying the potential impacts of disasters. For example, the Economics of Climate Adaptation (ECA) framework quantifies probable current and expected future impacts of extreme events and determines the monetary cost and benefits of specific risk management and adaptation measures. Using the ECA framework, this report examines the viability and practicality of applying a quantitative risk analytics approach for non-financial and non-tangible assets that were identified as central to ASP. This quantitative approach helps to identify cost-effective interventions to support risk-informed decision making for ASP. Therefore, we used Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, as a case study, to identify potential entry points and examples for the further development and application of such an approach. METHODS & RESULTS: The report presents an analysis of central risks and related impacts on communities in the context of ASP. In addition, central social protection dimensions (SPD) necessary for the successful implementation of ASP and respective data needs from a theoretical perspective are identified. The application of the quantitative ECA framework is tested for tropical storms in the context of ASP, providing an operational perspective on technical feasibility. Finally, recommendations on further research for the potential application of a suitable ASP risk analytics tool in Indonesia are proposed. Results show that the ECA framework and its quantitative modelling platform CLIMADA successfully quantified the impact of tropical storms on four SPDs. These SPDs (income, access to health, access to education and mobility) were selected based on the results from the Hazard, Exposure and Vulnerability Assessment (HEVA) conducted to support the development of an ASP roadmap for the Republic of Indonesia (UNU-EHS 2022, forthcoming). The SPDs were modelled using remote sensing, gridded data and available global indices. The results illustrate the value of the outcome to inform decision making and a better allocation of resources to deliver ASP to the case study area. RECOMMENDATIONS: This report highlights strong potential for the application of the ECA framework in the ASP context. The impact of extreme weather events on four social protection dimensions, ranging from access to health care and income to education and mobility, were successfully quantified. In addition, further developments of CADRAT-ASP can be envisaged to improve modelling results and uptake of this tool in ASP implementation. Recommendations are provided for four central themes: mainstreaming the CADRAT approach into ASP, data and information needs for the application of CADRAT-ASP, methodological advancements of the ECA framework to support ASP and use of CADRAT-ASP for improved resilience-building. Specific recommendations are given, including the integration of additional hazards, such as flood, drought or heatwaves, for a more comprehensive outlook on potential risks. This would provide a broader overview and allow for multi-hazard risk planning. In addition, high-resolution local data and stakeholder involvement can increase both ownership and the relevance of SPDs. Further recommendations include the development of a database and the inclusion of climate and socioeconomic scenarios in analyses.
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Ripoll, Santiago, Jennifer Cole, Olivia Tulloch, Megan Schmidt-Sane i Tabitha Hrynick. SSHAP: 6 Ways to Incorporate Social Context and Trust in Infodemic Management. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), styczeń 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2021.001.
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Information epidemiology or infodemiology is the study of infodemics - defined by the World Health Organization as an overabundance of information, some accurate and some not, that occurs during a pandemic or other significant event that may impact public health. Infodemic management is the practice of infodemiology and may sit within the risk communication and community engagement (RCCE) pillar of a public health response. However, it is relevant to all aspects of preparedness and response, including the development and evaluation of interventions. Social scientists have much to contribute to infodemic management as, while it must be data and evidence driven, it must also be built on a thorough understanding of affected communities in order to develop participatory approaches, reinforce local capacity and support local solutions.
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Ripoll, Santiago, Jennifer Cole, Olivia Tulloch, Megan Schmidt-Sane i Tabitha Hrynick. SSHAP: 6 Ways to Incorporate Social Context and Trust in Infodemic Management. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), styczeń 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2021.001.
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Information epidemiology or infodemiology is the study of infodemics - defined by the World Health Organization as an overabundance of information, some accurate and some not, that occurs during a pandemic or other significant event that may impact public health. Infodemic management is the practice of infodemiology and may sit within the risk communication and community engagement (RCCE) pillar of a public health response. However, it is relevant to all aspects of preparedness and response, including the development and evaluation of interventions. Social scientists have much to contribute to infodemic management as, while it must be data and evidence driven, it must also be built on a thorough understanding of affected communities in order to develop participatory approaches, reinforce local capacity and support local solutions.
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Schmidt-Sane, Megan, Tabitha Hrynick, Jennifer Cole, Santiago Ripoll i Olivia Tulloch. SSHAP: 6 Ways to Incorporate Social Context and Trust in Infodemic Management. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), styczeń 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2021.009.
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Information epidemiology or infodemiology is the study of infodemics - defined by the World Health Organization as an overabundance of information, some accurate and some not, that occurs during a pandemic or other significant event that may impact public health. Infodemic management is the practice of infodemiology and may sit within the risk communication and community engagement (RCCE) pillar of a public health response. However, it is relevant to all aspects of preparedness and response, including the development and evaluation of interventions. Social scientists have much to contribute to infodemic management as, while it must be data and evidence driven, it must also be built on a thorough understanding of affected communities in order to develop participatory approaches, reinforce local capacity and support local solutions.
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McLean, Karen, Elodie O’Connor, Rachel Ong, Corey Joseph i Sharon Goldfeld. Health, development and learning screening and assessment tools for children and young people aged 5–18 years. The Sax Institute, maj 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/julf8952.
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This Evidence Check was commissioned by the Ministry of Health to identify validated health assessment tools for physical health, mental health, development, and family violence for the Wellbeing and Health In-reach Nurse (WHIN) Coordinator program. This program is a partnership between NSW Health and the NSW Department of Education which places nurses in NSW schools to identify the health and social needs of students and coordinate early intervention and referral to services and programs. Validated assessment tools will help the nurses to identify children at risk of academic, behavioural, emotional or health-related difficulties. This Evidence Check also aims to describe how they are used in clinical practice and barriers and enablers to their effective use. Seventy-two assessment tools were found, but coverage of the areas affecting children’s wellbeing was uneven. Mental health had several promising tools, as did development for younger children. However, physical health and family violence did not have well-validated tools. There was little information on how they were used in clinical practice. Enablers for use included minimal training requirements, ease of administration and ready availability. Use of parental as well as teacher reports was seen as valuable. There is a need for further work on tools for physical health and family violence. There is also a need for information on the practicalities of the chosen tools (user acceptability, licensing, costs, and training requirements) and for clear practice guidelines.
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Hancox, Donna, Sandra Gattenhof, Helen Klaebe, Freya Wright-Brough, Morgan Batch i Imogen Smith. Social Impact Framework for Puuya Foundation. Queensland University of Technology, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.227726.
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This is the final report on a three-year QUT-led research project that was conducted for The Puuya Foundation (2019-2023). Our brief was to: Assist the Puuya Foundation to develop and implement a Social Impact Evaluation Strategy (the Strategy) to strengthen the Foundation’s evaluation approach and build on the outcomes of the Foundation’s education and health projects in the Lockhart River region. The strategy will develop a robust approach with practical tools to measure the social impact of the Foundation’s programs, and the outcomes and learnings that emerge from these findings will inform the design, implementation and evaluation of all projects and programs delivered by the Foundation. As a practical outcome a social impact assessment framework has been co-created and tested in partnership with the Puuya Foundation and the Lockhart River community. The co-creative and codesign process is grounded in respect, reciprocity, and self-determination. Co-creation consciously seeks to have low barriers for participation across all aspects of the research, experiment with culturally meaningful modes of place-based communication and are suited to shared decision-making (Hancox, 2021). This process also aims to ‘address power differences, level hierarchies and connect hearts and minds of participants and stakeholders’ (Langley, Wolstenholme & Cooke 2018, 6). This has been made possible through the facilitative leadership of Board Director, Kirsty Davis and CEO Emily Schuh in these final years. This report details the methods or steps we have taken together from February 2021 to October 2023 and provides detail of our collaboration. The research team were initially informed by the foundational ‘Puuya Approach’: holistic thinking; shared learning; connectivity; partnerships and collaboration; opportunities for action; skills and knowledge; personal motivation, confidence, and commitment; valuing others; hope and determination; and authentic relationships to ensure our evaluation strategy aligned with, as well as collaborated and respected Puuya Foundation and Lockhart River community ways. The outcome has exceeded our hopes in that the co-designed evaluation framework has already been adopted beyond the use of just the Puuya Foundation and taken up by the community more broadly as their own for determining and designing new initiatives, to provide a methodology in grant applications, through to gauging the success of projects and programs. The framework is rightfully known in Lockhart River as ‘their’ (social impact) framework. Our aim that an active, meaningful framework for and by community would be co-created through this project.
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Liebenthal, Andres, Lynn Scholl i Monika Huppi. IDB-9: Environmental and Social Safeguards, Including Gender Policy. Inter-American Development Bank, marzec 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010530.
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This paper reviews to what extent and how effectively the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB, or Bank) is implementing the IDB-9 requirements pertaining to environmental and social safeguards policies. The Bank's commitment to sustainability is enshrined in the Environmental and Safeguards Compliance Policy and policies addressing social concerns: involuntary resettlement, indigenous peoples, and gender equality. Each policy promotes sustainability through a two-pronged approach: mainstreaming of environmental and social concerns, and safeguards. The IDB-9 requirements called on the Bank to adopt a new set of environmental and social safeguards consistent with the findings of an external assessment by an Independent Advisory Group (IAG). IDB-9 also called for the adoption of a new Gender Equality Policy. The IAG assessment (which was completed after the IDB-9 Agreement) concluded that a revision of the Bank's safeguards policies was not warranted, but it recommended actions to help the Bank strengthen its mainstreaming of sustainability concerns and application of safeguards. Management and the Board accepted this conclusion. Thus in terms of the IDB-9 mandate, the Bank has not revised its safeguards policies, but it has adopted the Gender Equality Policy. It also launched an action plan to address IAG¿s concerns. This review finds that the Bank's action plan is substantially responsive to the concerns raised by IAG and that progress on most actions is well under way, though further work is needed. It also finds that implementation of the Gender Action plan has made a good start. Mainstreaming of sustainability concerns remains work in progress. The Bank's Sustainability Working Group has helped raise Management's overall awareness of sustainability issues, but the Bank has not yet found an effective way to integrate sustainability into its Country Strategies. Similarly, gender sector notes have not yet resulted in consistent integration of gender equality into Country Strategies. For projects, in about one-fifth of those approved in 2012 (January - September), the results matrix includes gender indicators of varying relevance and quality. On the safeguards side, progress has been made on integrating safeguards specialists into private sector operational teams, and the Bank has embarked on a more rigorous approach to supervision of safeguards implementation. Piloting of the gender safeguard has started recently. However, pressure to reduce project preparation times and an increase in high-risk projects seem to have resulted in the Bank's shifting some important safeguards due diligence work from the preparation to the supervision phase¿a change the Bank's supervision system is not equipped to handle well. The paper offers several suggestions to advance the sustainability agenda: (i) ensure that the environmental and social assessment process is consistently completed before project approval; (ii) strengthen safeguards supervision; (iii) increase attention to the social aspects of sustainability, (iv) broaden the focus of country environment sector notes to reduce fragmentation of mainstreaming efforts, (v) enhance implementation of the Gender Policy and action plan, and (vi) revisit the allocation of resources for safeguards work.
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Agarwal, Smisha, Madhu Jalan, Holly C. Wilcox, Ritu Sharma, Rachel Hill, Emily Pantalone, Johannes Thrul, Jacob C. Rainey i Karen A. Robinson. Evaluation of Mental Health Mobile Applications. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), maj 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepctb41.
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Background. Mental health mobile applications (apps) have the potential to expand the provision of mental health and wellness services to traditionally underserved populations. There is a lack of guidance on how to choose wisely from the thousands of mental health apps without clear evidence of safety, efficacy, and consumer protections. Purpose. This Technical Brief proposes a framework to assess mental health mobile applications with the aim to facilitate selection of apps. The results of applying the framework will yield summary statements on the strengths and limitations of the apps and are intended for use by providers and patients/caregivers. Methods. We reviewed systematic reviews of mental health apps and reviewed published and gray literature on mental health app frameworks, and we conducted four Key Informant group discussions to identify gaps in existing mental health frameworks and key framework criteria. These reviews and discussions informed the development of a draft framework to assess mental health apps. Iterative testing and refinement of the framework was done in seven successive rounds through double application of the framework to a total of 45 apps. Items in the framework with an interrater reliability under 90 percent were discussed among the evaluation team for revisions of the framework or guidance. Findings. Our review of the existing frameworks identified gaps in the assessment of risks that users may face from apps, such as privacy and security disclosures and regulatory safeguards to protect the users. Key Informant discussions identified priority criteria to include in the framework, including safety and efficacy of mental health apps. We developed the Framework to Assist Stakeholders in Technology Evaluation for Recovery (FASTER) to Mental Health and Wellness and it comprises three sections: Section 1. Risks and Mitigation Strategies, assesses the integrity and risk profile of the app; Section 2. Function, focuses on descriptive aspects related to accessibility, costs, organizational credibility, evidence and clinical foundation, privacy/security, usability, functions for remote monitoring of the user, access to crisis services, and artificial intelligence (AI); and Section 3. Mental Health App Features, focuses on specific mental health app features, such as journaling and mood tracking. Conclusion. FASTER may be used to help appraise and select mental health mobile apps. Future application, testing, and refinements may be required to determine the framework’s suitability and reliability across multiple mental health conditions, as well as to account for the rapidly expanding applications of AI, gamification, and other new technology approaches.