Artykuły w czasopismach: „Groundwater replenishment”

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Xu, Congchao, Ying Sun, Bowen Shi, Xinjuan Wang, Rui Li, Mingxiao Li, Beidou Xi i Chuanping Feng. "Study on the Processes Influencing and Importance of Ecological Water Replenishment for Groundwater Resources: A Case Study in Yongding River". Water 14, nr 5 (6.03.2022): 828. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14050828.

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There has been notable depletion of groundwater resources globally in recent decades. Groundwater can be conserved by ecological water replenishment. An understanding of the factors influencing the effect of ecological water replenishment on groundwater recharge is of great significance for water resource management. This study used the improved water table fluctuation and water equilibrium method and Spearman correlation analysis in R to evaluate the effect of ecological water replenishment on groundwater recharge. Furthermore, the correlations between groundwater recharge and topography, hydrogeological conditions, and meteorological factors were analyzed. Groundwater storage in the plain area of the Yongding River (Beijing section) increased by 2.17 × 108 m3 in 2020, equating to an increase in the regional groundwater level of 73.6% (increase of 0.1–9.1 m, arithmetic mean of 2.3 m). The main sources of groundwater recharge are ecological water replenishment and precipitation. The ecological water replenishment first recharged the Ordovician limestone aquifer in the gorge area, following which karst water overflowed through the fault zone to resupply the Quaternary groundwater in the plain area, resulting in a lag in the groundwater recharge effect. Groundwater recharge was positively correlated with ground elevation and aquifer permeability and negatively correlated with the thickness of Quaternary strata and the distance between the recharge point and Yongdinghe fault zone. This study can help to better explain the effect and impact of ecological water replenishment on groundwater resource recharge and its implications for improving ecological water replenishment projects.

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Markus, Michael R. "The Groundwater Replenishment System". Journal - American Water Works Association 101, nr 2 (luty 2009): 49–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.2009.tb09831.x.

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Zhang, Ruolin, Baoyun Zhang, Yuntong Guo, Xiangke Kong, Yasong Li, Yaci Liu, Lining Chen i Qiuli Gong. "Replenishment Impacts on Hydrogeochemistry and Water Quality in the Hutuo River Plain". Water 15, nr 19 (22.09.2023): 3326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15193326.

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To investigate the influence of the Hutuo River (North China) ecological water replenishment project on the hydrogeochemical processes of groundwater, 64 groundwater samples collected at different time intervals after four replenishment events, and four samples from the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project water, were analyzed for water chemistry. Hydrogeochemical methods such as the Piper diagram, chloride-alkalinity index, and ion correlation were employed to analyze the characteristics of groundwater chemical evolution through replenishment. The results demonstrated that the hydrochemical types of groundwater in the study area underwent significant changes during continuous replenishment in the Hutuo River region. During the initial replenishment period (October 2019), the dominant hydrochemical type of groundwater in the study area was Mg-Na-HCO3-SO4, whereas the dominant type in the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project water was Ca-Na-SO4-HCO3. As the replenishment continued, the hydrochemical types of groundwater in the study area evolved into Ca-Na-Mg-HCO3-SO4, Na-Ca-Mg-HCO3-SO4, and Ca-Na-Mg-SO4-HCO3. The groundwater experienced a dissolution of calcite, gypsum, nitratine, carbonate rocks, and gypsum, accompanied by dilution effects, resulting in reduced ion exchange as replenishment progressed. The input of the high quality Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project water effectively promoted groundwater quality improvement, leading to an overall decrease or stabilization of components other than Ca2+ in the groundwater. Water quality was assessed using the entropy water quality index, with indicators including Na+, SO42−, Cl−, pH, total dissolved solids, NO3−-N, NO2−-N, F−, Al, As, and Zn. The evaluation results showed that, except for one medium-quality water sample, the water quality of the other samples was suitable for drinking and domestic purposes during the early replenishment period. The Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project exhibited excellent quality (Rank 1), and as replenishment progressed, all water samples demonstrated good quality by October 2020, with a gradual improvement.

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Hurynovich, Anatoly, i Valiantsin Ramanouski. "Artifisial replenishment of the deep aquifers". E3S Web of Conferences 45 (2018): 00025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184500025.

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On the basis of the analysis, laboratory and pilot studies that have been conducted, schemes of artificial replenishment of deep aquifers are proposed. These schemes allow a groundwater recharge in order to water intake with generate electricity using the energy of the water flow and provide clear water, which serves to replenish underground water. Experimental section of this technological scheme was designed and built in the region of water intake in Brest (Belarus), on which were carried out hydrogeological surveys. Based on the above results, it was suggested to use the energy of the water flow in a water-inject well to convert it into electrical energy. A method for artificial groundwater recharge, which simultaneously allows groundwater recharge to the target groundwater without expending energy, generation of electricity using the power of the water flow and produces high quality water through the use of ozonation, which serves to replenish the groundwater was proposed. This is achieved through the use of hydraulic ram pump water-lifting devices, combined with electric generators, and a device for water purification such as an ozone generator. The proposed scheme and well design also allows the removal of iron and manganese from underground water and can be organized by two options, depending on the water source.

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REDDY, V. RATNA. "Costs of resource depletion externalities: a study of groundwater overexploitation in Andhra Pradesh, India". Environment and Development Economics 10, nr 4 (18.07.2005): 533–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x05002329.

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The main objective of the paper is to estimate the costs of groundwater over exploitation and examine the costs and benefits from groundwater replenishing mechanisms in different ecological contexts. Using the public good and externalities framework, the study shows how groundwater exploitation in Andhra Pradesh, India is resulting in economic losses to individual farmers apart from ecological degradation. It is argued that policies towards strengthening the resource base (replenishment mechanisms) and equitable distribution of the resource (property rights) would be beneficial, economically as well as ecologically.The analysis is in favour of investment in replenishment mechanisms such as irrigation tanks and percolation tanks. The situation of over extraction and the resultant environmental degradation is a consequence of lack of appropriate and adequate policies (policy failure) for managing the subsurface water resources. Hitherto, groundwater policies (subsidized credit, power, etc.) are in the nature of encouraging private initiatives in groundwater development. It is argued that community-based investments in replenishment as well as extraction of groundwater would make better economic as well as ecological sense.

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Huizer, Sebastian, Gualbert H. P. Oude Essink i Marc F. P. Bierkens. "Fresh groundwater resources in a large sand replenishment". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 20, nr 8 (4.08.2016): 3149–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3149-2016.

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Abstract. The anticipation of sea-level rise and increases in extreme weather conditions has led to the initiation of an innovative coastal management project called the Sand Engine. In this pilot project a large volume of sand (21.5 million m3) – also called sand replenishment or nourishment – was placed on the Dutch coast. The intention is that the sand is redistributed by wind, current, and tide, reinforcing local coastal defence structures and leading to a unique, dynamic environment. In this study we investigated the potential effect of the long-term morphological evolution of the large sand replenishment and climate change on fresh groundwater resources. The potential effects on the local groundwater system were quantified with a calibrated three-dimensional (3-D) groundwater model, in which both variable-density groundwater flow and salt transport were simulated. Model simulations showed that the long-term morphological evolution of the Sand Engine results in a substantial growth of fresh groundwater resources, in all adopted climate change scenarios. Thus, the application of a local sand replenishment could provide coastal areas the opportunity to combine coastal protection with an increase of the local fresh groundwater availability.

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Liu, Kai, Jianxin Zhang i Ming Wang. "Drivers of Groundwater Change in China and Future Projections". Remote Sensing 14, nr 19 (27.09.2022): 4825. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14194825.

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Observations worldwide have shown that in recent decades, groundwater depletion intensified notably in many regions. Understanding the interacting drivers of groundwater change enables better human adaptations to climate change and socioeconomic development. Here we use a structural equation model to quantify the contribution of natural and human-induced processes on the groundwater of China by using terrestrial water storage observed by GRACE in combination with climate and socioecological related data at a provincial scale. The results reveal that the influence of climate on groundwater change through indirect impact on the agriculture water consumption is larger than that through direct replenishment. Socioeconomic development contributes in the same order of magnitude as the direct replenishment by climate variabilities to groundwater. In general, forest plays an important role in reserving groundwater at a provincial scale. Based on future climate projections and Shared Socioeconomic Pathways, it is projected that most regions in China will experience a greater groundwater depletion in the future and the variance among regions will become larger.

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Sierikova, Olena, Elena Strelnikova i Kyryl Degtyariov. "Underground Water Resources Management for Flooding Prevention". Modeling Control and Information Technologies, nr 6 (22.11.2023): 207–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31713/mcit.2023.063.

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Technogenic factors that affect urban area flooding development, forecasts of improving groundwater level changes, and comprehensive management of urban groundwater must be taken into account and controlled. A three-dimensional mathematical model of groundwater level changes in cities has been developed, which takes into account atmospheric water infiltration, additional groundwater replenishment, transpiration, evaporation, evapotranspiration, and groundwater intake.

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Heberer, Thomas, i Marc Adam. "Transport and Attenuation of Pharmaceutical Residues During Artificial Groundwater Replenishment". Environmental Chemistry 1, nr 1 (2004): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en04008.

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Environmental Context.The contamination of public water supplies by drug residues is an issue of importance for public health. While soil may act as a natural filter to remove some contaminants from groundwater, there is a lack of information on the fate and transport of pharmaceutical residues during groundwater recharge. In this study, the fate and the transport of eight drug residues during groundwater recharge of contaminated surface water which was investigated at an artificial groundwater replenishment plant in Berlin, Germany, as part of the international collaboration NASRI (Natural and Artificial Systems for Recharge and Infiltration). The study shows that some of the contaminants would indeed end up in the water supply if the water only underwent normal groundwater recharge. Abstract.Recently, several new types of organic contaminants such as pharmaceuticals and their metabolites have been found in sewage or surface waters. Some of the polar pharmaceuticals have also been detected in samples of ground and drinking water, especially when water from induced recharge is used for drinking water production. The fate and the transport of eight drug residues during groundwater recharge (GWR) of contaminated surface water was investigated at an artificial groundwater replenishment plant in Berlin, Germany. After a recharge distance of only a few meters, bezafibrate, a blood lipid regulator, and indomethacin, an analgesic, were removed below their detection limits. Clofibric acid, a metabolite of blood lipid lowering agents, and the analgesic drugs diclofenac and propyphenazone were also attenuated during GWR. However, they were still detectable in the receiving water supply wells at low concentration levels (≤ 40 ng L–1). The anti-epileptic drugs carbamazepine and primidone and the drug metabolite AMDOPH (1-acetyl-1-methyl-2-dimethyl-oxamoyl-2-phenylhydrazide) were not significantly affected by GWR occurring in the water supply wells at mean individual concentrations between 100 and 1570 ng L–1.

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Yerpude, Shruti. "Study and Design of Ground Water Techniques". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, nr 6 (30.06.2023): 930–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.53673.

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Abstract: The technique of ground water recharge involves the process of enhancing the natural replenishment of groundwater by artificial means. This technique is often employed in areas where the groundwater level has depleted due to overexploitation or other factors such as climate change.

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Dao, Hai Hong, Ky Viet Nguyen, Sang Thanh Tra, Vuong Tran Bui i Tu Dinh Nguyen. "The issues of groundwater Enviroment in Ca Mau peninsula". Science and Technology Development Journal 19, nr 1 (31.03.2016): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v19i1.507.

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Groundwater is an important resource of provinces in Ca Mau Peninsula. The water is supplied to household, industrial, agricultural and aquacultural activities. More important, in this area, as the majority of surface water is contaminated and requires further treatment to become usable, the main source of water supply is the groundwater. Under the impacts of socialeconomic development, the increase of population and the urbanization rate in the region, groundwater resource is under a pressure of exploitation and utilization. Yearly exploited amount of groundwater is larger than the replenishment amount in most aquifers, so the groundwater level is lowered gradually year by year. According to statistics from 2000 to 2010, the groundwater level has been lowered from 0 to -14m (in some places, the water level is lowered to -28m below sea level) in qp2-3 and qp1 aquifers, with the highest drops in Bac Lieu and Soc Trang provinces. The amount of pumped groundwater in the region has been increasing from 159.914 to 931.944 m3 / day, whereas the replenishment amount has been decreasing from 526.121 to 185.004 m3 / day. Stated otherwise, groundwater in the region is declining in both volume and quality under the impact of climate change and exploitation activities. This paper uses the DPSIR framework to assess causal relationships of factors that impact to the groundwater environment in the region, and thereby propose appropriate solutions under the impacts. In combination with groundwater environmental indicators to quantify the degradation impacts to groundwater resource, the results of this paper indicate that water supply used mainly in Ca Mau Peninsula is groundwater ( 85.74%); the capacity of renewable water per capita in the region is still very low (80.06 l / day / person); the water loss from aquifer systems is much larger than the amount of replenishment (141.02%), however the amount of water extraction for domestic service was still in permissible limits of the aquifers (8.71%). The numbers show that groundwater in Ca Mau Peninsula is in decline but still within safe limits. Results from this paper can give authorities a more intuitive view about the current situation of groundwater when planning and using water resources.

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Farmer, Michele, Carla Dillon, Wendy Sevenandt i Bob Auerbach. "Orange County Sanitation District Groundwater Replenishment System Audit". Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2008, nr 10 (1.01.2008): 5860–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864708788807268.

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Hurgin, R. E., O. N. Zubareva i R. V. Efremov. "ARTIFICIAL REPLENISHMENT OF GROUNDWATER FOR WATER SUPPLY PURPOSES". Системные технологии, nr 3 (2022): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.55287/22275398_2022_3_102.

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Singh, Vijeta, Arpan Sherring, Sumant Kumar, Prashant Rai i Vinod Kumar. "Assessing the Impact of Groundwater Recharge on Underground Reservoir Replenishment in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India". International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 14, nr 7 (17.07.2024): 623–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2024/v14i74301.

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Groundwater is considered a fresh resource of water and its uses have tremendously increased in the recent past due to an increase in population, rapid urbanization, and industrialization. In India, the groundwater level is declining in some parts of the country due to over-exploitation, low or negligible recharge of aquifer systems, and unsustainable development of groundwater resources. The groundwater modeling is an important tool for studying the past and present groundwater behavior and in the development of future strategies for sustainable groundwater management plans. To study the Impact of groundwater recharge on the replenishment of underground reservoir, Ballia district of Uttar Pradesh has been selected which is one of the districts of the most populous state of India, Uttar Pradesh. An attempt has been made to develop a groundwater model using Modflow software to simulate the groundwater trends and predict future groundwater heads. The calibration and validation of the model were done for 5 years and 3 years respectively. The correlation coefficient for calibration and validation was found 0.85 and root mean square errors vary from 2.89 to 3.2m variation in future trends of groundwater heads. The results of the study show that the developed model can be effectively used to predict the future groundwater heads. The groundwater flow was observed from the northwest to southeast direction. It was predicted from the study that groundwater draft will increase by 10% with a decrease in groundwater level by approximately 0.24 m in the north-west direction by the year 2025. However, no impact was observed in the south side of the district and it was predicted that the groundwater level would remain the same in this zone during the next 3 years.

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Hardanto, Afik, A. Mustofa i Ardiansyah Ardiansyah. "Water Recharge Variability Across Serayu Watershed Using Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)". Proceeding ICMA-SURE 2, nr 1 (3.04.2023): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/2.procicma.2023.2.1.8425.

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Climate change and land use have an influence on the process of groundwater replenishment. Serayu watershed is categorized as one of the critical watersheds in Indonesia due to groundwater conditions. One that affects groundwater is the ability to replenish groundwater. The purpose of the study was to predict groundwater replenishment in the Serayu watershed. The hydrological model approach (SWAT/Soil Water Assessment Tool) was applied. Spatial data is used in SWAT model analysis, namely: Elevation data, stream, soil types, land use land cover, and climate data. Data analysis using QGIS 3.18 and QSWATPlus tools. The model calibration uses cn2 values while NSE and R2 values are used to evaluate the model. Based on cn2 values, SWAT models show performance that can be used for model implementation. Model validation between before and after the calibration process is (R2) 0.86 while the NSE value is 0.66. When viewed from the water equilibrium ratio, the average water recharge value in the Serayu watershed is 49.5 mm.yr-1 from the total precipitation of 2473.6 mm.yr-1. The largest hydrological component occurs in evapotranspiration and surface runoff (1879.9 and 549.2 mm.yr-1, respectively). The high value of surface runoff indicates that the Serayu watershed needs attention regarding the ability of the land in the water recharge process

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Bernat, Rebecca F. A., Sharon B. Megdal, Susanna Eden i Laura A. Bakkensen. "Stakeholder Opinions on the Issues of the Central Arizona Groundwater Replenishment District and Policy Alternatives". Water 15, nr 6 (17.03.2023): 1166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15061166.

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Arizona has been at the forefront of groundwater management since the establishment of the Groundwater Management Act in 1980. The Central Arizona Groundwater Replenishment District (CAGRD) is a groundwater management mechanism that facilitates development in regions of Central Arizona where the use of groundwater is limited by law. Several stakeholders have raised concerns about some of the CAGRD’s operations; however, stakeholders have yet to agree on the definition of the problems, let alone how the CAGRD might be improved. This study uses statistical and inductive thematic content analysis of a survey to determine (1) the CAGRD issues that stakeholders view as problems and (2) whether opinions differ significantly among different stakeholder groups. This study also uses deductive thematic content analysis to examine semi-structured interviews with CAGRD experts in order to find potential solutions to the CAGRD-related issues that are considered problems by stakeholders. The survey results show that long-term uncertainties related to the availability of renewable water supplies and hydrologic disconnect, where groundwater pumping and replenishment take place in different sub-basins, are stakeholders’ chief concerns. Sector affiliation and CAGRD membership status are associated with stakeholders’ opinions on some, but not all, questions. The potential policy changes offered address problems identified by stakeholders. This research will inform forthcoming policy discussions regarding groundwater management in Central Arizona as the state’s decision makers look to improve the CAGRD in the context of water scarcity exacerbated by climate change.

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Wulandari, D. A., Suripin, D. Ulfiana, C. W. Hermawan i E. Grimaldi. "Increasing groundwater replenishment through environmentally friendly parking lot pavement model". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 969, nr 1 (1.01.2022): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/969/1/012021.

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Abstract Paving blocks are basically permeable pavements, which can reduce surface runoff by infiltrate rainwater into the ground. So that the installation of paving blocks on parking lots has an environmental function for filling groundwater. However, what is happening in the field today is that paving blocks behave like an impermeable layer. When it rains, it cannot absorb water or only absorbs a little water so that inundations occur. This can be caused by, among other things, the installation of paving blocks or the improper pavement structure. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a model of the parking lot pavement structure that is environmentally friendly, while contributing to groundwater filling, and reducing the surface runoff. The research was conducted by making a physical model of the permeability test. Parking lot pavement structure with arrangement permeable paving block, bedding layer and graded based layer will be placed on a test kit equipped with a control valve. With the system of partly filtration, it will be possible to know the amount of discharge absorbed by the model. So that the parking lot pavement structure will be obtained that can contribute to groundwater filling and its application to various types of subgrade.

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Mirlas, Vladimir, Vitaly Kulagin, Aida Ismagulova i Yaakov Anker. "Field Experimental Study on the Infiltration and Clogging Processes at Aksu Research Site, Kazakhstan". Sustainability 14, nr 23 (24.11.2022): 15645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142315645.

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The challenge of a good quality drinking water supply to southeastern Kazakhstan’s local population from far-away natural surface water sources motivates groundwater utilization from local aquifers. To prevent groundwater resource deficits, artificial groundwater recharge is needed. To this end, infiltration and clogging processes were evaluated through comprehensive field research in southeastern Kazakhstan’s typical river drainage basin (Aksu experimental site). The infiltration scenario included constructed mini pools and their typical soil profile clogging and silting processes. The local aquifer unsaturated and upper saturated zones underwent a detailed study of water balance, hydrodynamic setting, and filtration properties. The research results suggest that the infiltration rate decreased from 15 m/day until the saturation steady state and remained at 0.75 m/day until the end of the experiment. In summer, clogging layers with thicknesses ranging from 3 mm for the clayey silt layer to 6 mm for muddy clay began to form at the mini pools nearly one month after the test began. During infiltration, the mini pools’ upper soil layer dirt-holding capacity varied from 3.72 to 5.25 kg/m2. The field study results serve as a factual basis for artificial replenishment system design and groundwater replenishment methodology optimization in southeastern Kazakhstan and similar regions.

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Rybnikova, L. S., M. G. Morozov, P. A. Rybnikov, N. L. Frolova i A. V. Komin. "Artificial Groundwater Replenishment in the Republic of Kalmykia: The Sources, Problems, and Perspectives". Водные ресурсы 50, nr 6 (1.11.2023): 651–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0321059623700049.

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The Republic of Kalmykia is located in the northwestern part of the Caspian Region and belongs to arid regions. The issue of water resources availability is extremely relevant here. Groundwater plays an important role in this aspect as a main and often the only source of drinking water supply. However, its use is limited because of its low natural quality. An approach to an increase in the operational groundwater reserves is its artificial replenishment. The Russian Research Institute for Integrated Use and Protection of Water Resources in 2020–2021 studied the possibility of replenishing water resources of subsurface water bodies in the Republic of Kalmykia by the accumulation of surface water. The results of the studies suggested a conclusion that the artificial replenishment of groundwater in the territory of the Republic of Kalmykia is inexpedient, because even in years with the surface runoff volume with 50% exceedance probability, the volume of surface runoff will be not enough for freshening groundwater within a year to the standard level (TDS ≤1.0 g/dm3). The formation of a permanent freshwater lens (the presence of which is of particular importance in dry years) in an aquifer within the system including infiltration basin and water well is impossible because its full drawdown will take place every year.

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Patil, Ar Geetanjali, i Ar Ankita Nikam. "Owner Replenishes: Enabling Youth Participation for Ground Water Conservation in Peri Urban Nashik". Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution 21, nr 2 (28.03.2024): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ajw240024.

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UN World Water Development Report 2022 ‘Groundwater: making invisible visible’ - has pointed out that the major source of freshwater is groundwater. Groundwater conservation and replenishment have taken the forefront in view of the water crisis faced by the world. Groundwater management is action-oriented, focusing on practical implementation activities and day-to-day operations. It occurs more often at the micro- and meso-level. The urban area has the privileges of an established public water supply system, the suburbs and periurban areas are almost entirely groundwater dependent. The surface water runoff is mostly wasted and drained into the nalla/ river in these areas. Peri Urban zone of Nashik includes 177 institutional campuses (schools and colleges). These campuses can be developed as role models and act as leaders for water conservation methods and groundwater recharge for the neighbouring rural zone. This research is based on a methodology that involves three-pronged approaches, which consist of a) Identifying the potential of educational campuses in the peri-urban zone, b) educating the school students about the water and its conservation techniques as primary stakeholders of the future and c) creating platform at the school level to interact with the villagers in the vicinity to create the actual impact of the replenishment. This approach ensures active participation of the stakeholders (campus management, admin, student community) in periurban areas for groundwater recharge. Thus sensitising the student community as the primary stakeholder ensures the bottoms up approach for sustainable urban development. This transdisciplinary approach of engaging the students with the community drives two fold benefits - one, of committed habit formation in them & second, of becoming a leader & a resource person for future green development of the area The discussions on groundwater conservation in this paper point out to the need to coin principle of “Owner Replenishes”- for water conservation on the lines of “Polluter Pays”.

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Gribovszki, Zoltán. "Diurnal Method for Evapotranspiration Estimation from Soil Moisture Profile". Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica 10, nr 1 (1.09.2014): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aslh-2014-0005.

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Abstract Water use of plants can be manifested in diurnal signal of soil moisture changes, and also of water table fluctuations in shallow water table environments. The signal can be especially strong in case of groundwater dependent forest vegetation with high water demand, where the water uptake is partly happening across the capillary zone. A new technique for water uptake estimation was elaborated on the basis of high frequency soil moisture profile data taking into account diurnally changing replenishment rate. The method is of great benefit to provide sufficient accuracy without soil specific calibration. The method was tested on the soil moisture dataset of a riparian alder forest in Hidegvíz Valley experimental catchment. Using this new method significantly higher and more realistic water uptake can be calculated compared to the traditional soil moisture method. The method is taking into account soil moisture replenishment from groundwater, which can provide high portion (up to 90%) of evapotranspiration in dry periods. For the above mentioned reason the new technique is recommended to be used for evapotranspiration estimation in groundwater discharge areas, where the traditional methods and simple one-dimensional hydrological models generally work inaccurate.

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Gao, Lei, Jeffery Connor i Peter Dillon. "The Economics of Groundwater Replenishment for Reliable Urban Water Supply". Water 6, nr 6 (10.06.2014): 1662–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w6061662.

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Patel, Mehul. "UV/AOP A Key Part of the Groundwater Replenishment System". Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2011, nr 13 (1.01.2011): 3516–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864711802721686.

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Lin, Z., W. Lin i L. Pengfei. "Analysis of shallow-groundwater dynamic responses to water supply change in the Haihe River plain". Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 368 (7.05.2015): 373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-368-373-2015.

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Abstract. When the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project is completed, the water supply pattern of the Haihe River plain in North China will change significantly due to the replenishment of water sources and groundwater-exploitation control. The water-cycle-simulation model – MODCYCLE, has been used in simulating the groundwater dynamic balance for 2001–2010. Then different schemes of water supply in 2020 and 2030 were set up to quantitatively simulate the shallow-groundwater dynamic responses in the future. The results show that the total shallow-groundwater recharge is mainly raised by the increases in precipitation infiltration and surface-water irrigation infiltration. Meanwhile, the decrease of groundwater withdrawal contributes to reduce the total discharge. The recharge–discharge structure of local groundwater was still in a negative balance but improved gradually. The shallow-groundwater level in most parts was still falling before 2030, but more slowly. This study can benefit the rational exploitation of water resources in the Haihe River plain.

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Carry, Charles W., Robert P. Miele, Robert W. Horvath i Margaret H. Nellor. "An Update on Wastewater Reclamation Research and Development in Los Angeles County". Water Science and Technology 21, nr 6-7 (1.06.1989): 409–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0243.

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The Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County have actively conducted over 25 years of research associated with wastewater reclamation and reuse. Projects have included treatment process evaluations for removal of total dissolved solids, nitrogen, phosphate, heavy metals, organics, bacteria and viruses. Additional research has evaluated the health significance of using treated wastewater for replenishment of potable groundwater aquifers. Results of these various research projects are presented along with recommendations by the State of California Scientific Advisory Panel on Groundwater Recharge regarding research needs in the area of potable reuse.

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Chalmers, R. Bruce, Mehul Patel, Bill Dunivin i Donald Cutler. "Orange County Water District's Groundwater Replenishment System Is Now Producing Water". Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2008, nr 12 (1.01.2008): 4185–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864708788752142.

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Liu, Fangfang, Ping Kang, Haitao Zhu, Jiafu Han i Yaohuan Huang. "Analysis of Spatiotemporal Groundwater-Storage Variations in China from GRACE". Water 13, nr 17 (30.08.2021): 2378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13172378.

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In China, where some regions are over-reliant on groundwater, groundwater consumption is faster than replenishment, which results in a continuous decrease in the groundwater level. Here, we applied spatial and temporal methods to analyze the spatiotemporal variations in groundwater in China from GRACE, GRACE-FO, and GLDAS data. From a national perspective, groundwater storage showed a decreasing trend in northern China and an increasing trend in southern China. The results showed that the rates of groundwater depletion in North China, the Loess Plateau, and Northwest China were −10.09 ± 0.94, −10.05 ± 1.05, and –4.91 ± 0.28 mm y−1 equivalent height of water from 2003 to 2019, respectively. Furthermore, the groundwater in South China, the middle-lower Yangtze River, and the Ch-Yu region had a positive trend, with rates of 7.26 ± 1.51, 7.73 ± 1.35, and 3.61 ± 0.53 mm y−1 equivalent height of water, respectively. We also found that groundwater storage fluctuated slightly before 2016 on the Qinhai-Tibet Plateau and in Northeast China and decreased significantly after 2016. The Yun-Gui Plateau had a fluctuating trend. Investigating the spatiotemporal variation in groundwater storage in China can provide data for initiating regional ecological and environmental protection.

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Matsumoto, Sandi, Melissa M. Rohde i Sarah Heard. "Policy Note: "Economic Tools to Achieve Groundwater Sustainability for Nature: Two Experimental Case Studies from California"". Water Economics and Policy 05, nr 04 (październik 2019): 1971002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2382624x19710024.

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Groundwater is a critical water supply around the world and is increasingly under threat from pumping that exceeds natural replenishment. California is taking on this challenge with the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) of 2014, which seeks to reliably manage groundwater to meet current and future water needs for the economy, communities and environment. Successful implementation of SGMA depends on the ability of local agencies to work with stakeholders to develop plans and implement projects that reduce groundwater use, increase recharge and efficiently allocate pumping. With more than 250 local agencies undertaking actions to address groundwater overdraft, California serves as a unique laboratory for testing new ways to achieve groundwater management. At the same time, economic tools are increasingly being utilized to secure or deliver water to the environment. For the past several years, The Nature Conservancy has been testing ways that economic tools can help achieve groundwater sustainability. This paper presents case studies that illustrate how two forms of Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) — a groundwater market and a multi-benefit recharge incentive program — are being used in California to achieve groundwater sustainability to simultaneously meet the water needs of people and nature.

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Kim, Hyun Jung, Eun-Hee Koh, Chang-Seong Koh, Won-Bae Park i Min-Cheol Kim. "Numerical Evaluation of Large-Scale Groundwater Extraction in Groundwater System at Wellfields in the Namwon Area of Jeju Island, South Korea". Water 15, nr 12 (7.06.2023): 2151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15122151.

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A regional water supply system in Jeju Island, South Korea, comprising 23 wellfields with 5 to 10 groundwater extraction wells (20–100 m spacing), provides water to the residents of the island. Regular large-scale groundwater pumping and excessive extraction in these wellfields have resulted in a decrease in groundwater levels. Using a numerical model, we aimed to assess the effect of large-scale groundwater extraction at four wellfields in Namwon, located in the southeastern part of the island. The numerical model estimated an approximately 0.16–0.21 m decline in water levels, which is consistent with field observations. Minor declines are inherently influenced by the regional hydrogeological setting of the study area, which involves high precipitation rates and a groundwater flow system that facilitates rapid groundwater replenishment. However, the model also shows that the decrease in groundwater levels is expected to intensify to 0.20–0.77 m in cases of extreme drought periods and increasing rates of groundwater pumping. In addition, this study suggests that sufficient well and wellfield separation distances should be considered to prevent well interference effects in areas, such as the western part of the island, with increased decline in water levels due to groundwater extraction.

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Szabó, András, Zoltán Gribovszki, Ján Szolgay, Péter Kalicz, Kitti Balog, József Szalai, Kamila Hlavčová i Bence Bolla. "Groundwater Recharge from Below under Changing Hydro-Meteorological Conditions in a Forested and Grassland Site of the Great Hungarian Plain". Forests 14, nr 12 (28.11.2023): 2328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14122328.

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The process of groundwater evapotranspiration and its subsequent recharge are fundamental aspects of the Earth’s natural water cycle and have significant implications for the preservation and functionality of various forested ecosystems. This study presents a case analysis examining the recent fluctuations in groundwater levels and their replenishment in two wells situated at a designated forested experimental area and a control site. The magnitude and temporal fluctuations of groundwater recharge were examined through the utilisation of a novel adaptation of the traditional White method, which was specifically tailored to the local context. We also tested the sensitivity of the White method as an indicator of the system’s behaviour because the signal has changed in relation to the access of the forests to groundwater under the conditions of regionally declining groundwater resources and a warming climate. The novelty of this approach is found in the examination of the temporal fluctuations in groundwater recharge, which are influenced by both a decrease in groundwater levels caused by forest evaporation in response to climate change and a regional reduction in groundwater supplies. As a result, the ongoing decrease in groundwater levels may have significant adverse effects on local forests.

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Shamsudduha, Mohammad, Richard G. Taylor, Md Izazul Haq, Sara Nowreen, Anwar Zahid i Kazi Matin Uddin Ahmed. "The Bengal Water Machine: Quantified freshwater capture in Bangladesh". Science 377, nr 6612 (16.09.2022): 1315–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abm4730.

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Global food security depends on the sustainability of irrigated agriculture. Rising groundwater withdrawals from seasonally humid, alluvial plains across tropical Asia have enabled dry-season rice cultivation. This groundwater pumpage increases available subsurface storage that under favorable conditions amplifies groundwater replenishment during the subsequent monsoon. We empirically quantified this nature-based solution to seasonal freshwater storage capture described as the “Bengal Water Machine,” revealing its potential and limitations. On the basis of a million piezometric observations from 465 monitoring wells, we show that the collective operation of ~16 million smallholder farmers in the Bengal Basin of Bangladesh from 1988 to 2018 has induced cumulative freshwater capture that volumetrically (75 to 90 cubic kilometers) is equivalent to twice the reservoir capacity of the Three Gorges Dam.

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Awad, Salah Adeen I. "Unraveling the Distinctive Nature of Groundwater - A Human Analogy". Stallion Journal for Multidisciplinary Associated Research Studies 1, nr 2 (28.04.2022): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/sjmars.1.2.6.

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Groundwater, a critical component of the Earth's hydrological cycle, often remains an unseen yet vital resource for ecosystems and human societies. This paper employs a unique approach by drawing an analogy between the characteristics of groundwater and the human body to elucidate its distinctive nature. Just as the human body relies on a complex system of veins and arteries to distribute life-sustaining fluids, groundwater moves through subterranean aquifers, providing essential water supplies to surface ecosystems and human populations. This analogy highlights the intricate and dynamic processes that govern groundwater flow, storage, and replenishment. Through this lens, we explore the parallels in filtration, distribution, and the impact of external influences on both systems. Our findings suggest that understanding groundwater through the human analogy can offer novel insights into sustainable management practices and raise awareness about the importance of protecting this invaluable resource. This approach provides a fresh perspective, emphasizing the interconnectedness of natural systems and the necessity of holistic environmental stewardship.

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Vanderzalm, Joanne, Bruce Naumann, Simon Higginson, Declan Page, Andrew Jones, Vanessa Moscovis, Stacey Hamilton i in. "Australian exemplars of sustainable and economic managed aquifer recharge". Water e-Journal 5, nr 4 (2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21139/wej.2020.024.

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Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) can improve water security by using aquifers to store water when it is abundant until required for future use and can increase the use of urban stormwater and treated wastewater to reduce the demand on traditional surface water and groundwater supplies. Recently, two Australian examples were showcased internationally as sustainable and economic MAR: Perth’s groundwater replenishment scheme (GWRS) with recycled water to increase security of urban water supply and a multi-site urban stormwater MAR scheme for suburban non-potable water supply in Salisbury, Adelaide. This paper provides a synopsis of these Australian exemplars of sustainable and economic MAR.

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Wang, Yajun, Xianfang Song, Binghua Li, Ying Ma, Yinghua Zhang, Lihu Yang, Hongmei Bu i Peter E. Holm. "Temporal variation in groundwater hydrochemistry driven by natural and anthropogenic processes at a reclaimed water irrigation region". Hydrology Research 49, nr 5 (27.02.2018): 1652–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2018.123.

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Abstract Long-standing wastewater and reclaimed water irrigation systems degrade groundwater quality and thus pose great risks to local soils and even to human health. In this study, seasonal variations in hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater were assessed to determine possible processes that induce groundwater degradation. Beijing was used as the focus area. A total of 82 wells at the southeast irrigation region of Beijing were investigated in 2014. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, Piper diagram, and saturation indices were used to distinguish seasonal variations in hydrochemistry in shallow and deep groundwater and possible reclaimed water irrigation effects. The main natural controlling processes include mineral precipitation and dissolution, cation exchange reactions, and dilution effects in shallow and deep groundwater. However, cation exchange reactions are considered to be intense in deeper aquifer. Additionally, shallow groundwater sites subjected to salinization and nitrate contamination were associated with intensive agricultural input and reclaimed water leaching. Sites continuously contaminated by nitrate were mainly distributed on highly permeable sediments. Irrigation with deep groundwater may reduce soil drainage conditions due to a high percentage of sodium. Overall, seasonal replenishment for subterranean quaternary aquifers from rainfall or irrigation plays a vital role in seasonal variation in shallow groundwater hydrochemistry.

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Szabó, Zsóka, Márk Szijártó, Ádám Tóth i Judit Mádl-Szőnyi. "The Significance of Groundwater Table Inclination for Nature-Based Replenishment of Groundwater-Dependent Ecosystems by Managed Aquifer Recharge". Water 15, nr 6 (11.03.2023): 1077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15061077.

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Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is an increasingly popular technique; however, the significance of groundwater flow dynamics is rarely examined in detail regarding MAR systems. In general, a high hydraulic gradient is not favoured for MAR implementation, as it causes higher water loss and mixing of recharge water with native groundwater. However, during groundwater-dependent ecosystem (GDE) rehabilitation, these hydraulic gradient-driven flow processes can be taken advantage of. The aim of this research is to test this hypothesis by evaluating the effect of groundwater table inclination, topography, and other local characteristics on MAR efficiency from the perspective of GDE restoration. MAR efficiency was examined from recharge to discharge area in a simple half-basin based on theoretical flow simulations, using GeoStudio SEEP/W software. Different scenarios were compared to analyse the groundwater level increase and the infiltrated water volumes and to assess the efficiency of MAR based on these parameters in each scenario. The theoretical results were applied to a close-to-real situation of Lake Kondor, a GDE of the Danube-Tisza Interfluve (Hungary), which dried up in the past decades due to groundwater decline in the area. Based on the results, initial hydraulic head difference, model length, and hydraulic conductivity are the most critical parameters regarding water level increase at the discharge area. The water amount needed for increasing the water table is mainly influenced by the thickness of the unsaturated zone and the material properties of the aquifer. The findings can help better understand MAR efficiency in light of local groundwater flow processes and contribute to optimising MAR systems. The results of the study suggest that, if water is infiltrated at the local recharge area, the water table will also increase at the corresponding discharge area, which positively effects the connected GDEs. This approach can serve as a nature-based solution (NBS) to sustain sensitive ecosystems in changing climatic conditions.

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Murray, David, Robert Finn i Mehul Patel. "ULTRAVIOLET DISINFECTION OF REVERSE OSMOSIS PRODUCT WATER FOR GROUNDWATER REPLENISHMENT IN CALIFORNIA". Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2002, nr 16 (1.01.2002): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864702784246892.

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Murray, David, i Mehul Patel. "ULTRAVIOLET DISINFECTION OF REVERSE OSMOSIS PRODUCT WATER FOR GROUNDWATER REPLENISHMENT IN CALIFORNIA". Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2002, nr 1 (1.01.2002): 580–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864702785033905.

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Murray, David, i Robert Getter. "ULTRAVIOLET DISINFECTION OF REVERSE OSMOSIS PRODUCT WATER FOR GROUNDWATER REPLENISHMENT IN CALIFORNIA". Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2000, nr 8 (1.01.2000): 30–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864700784546378.

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Moscovis, V. A., P. M. Blair i A. Hugo. "Groundwater Replenishment Trial to Demonstrate Indirect Potable Reuse in Perth, Western Australia". Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2011, nr 11 (1.01.2011): 4773–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864711802765480.

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Knoell, Tom, Raul Gonzalez, Sean Carter, Sue Guibert i Mike Stefanic. "Evaluating the Latest Low-Pressure Membrane Technologies for the Groundwater Replenishment System". Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2016, nr 12 (1.01.2016): 2871–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864716819706626.

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Zhang, Yinghua, Y. Wu, J. Su, X. Wen i F. Liu. "Groundwater replenishment analysis by using natural isotopes in Ejina Basin, Northwestern China". Environmental Geology 48, nr 1 (27.04.2005): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00254-004-1214-x.

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Patel, Mehul, Tom Knoell, Wendy Sevenandt i Scott Lacy. "70 MGD Indirect Potable Reuse: Optimization of Orange County's Groundwater Replenishment System". Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2007, nr 9 (1.10.2007): 8509–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864707786861964.

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Sierikova, Olena, Volodymyr Koloskov i Elena Strelnikova. "The groundwater level changing processes modeling in 2D and 3D formulation". Acta Periodica Technologica, nr 53 (2022): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/apt2253036s.

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The objective of this study was to develop a mathematical model to determine the tendency of the groundwater level changes under the influence of external factors to prevent environmentally hazardous impacts and emergency situations. Mathematical methods (analytical solution of differential filtration equations involved the computer program Maple) - for creation the groundwater level changes model, methods of ecological and economic assessment and comparative analysis - for the identification of groundwater level impact important factors and groundwater level impact on the environment, balance method - for assessing the groundwater level changes. The mathematical model in 2D formulation works from any value of the initial groundwater level. The value of groundwater level changing at constant evapotranspiration has been obtained, which has been visualized by calculations for limited areas of the Kharkiv territory. Three-dimensional modelling of groundwater level changing in contrast to two-dimensional allows to take into account the dependence of evapotranspiration on the presence of artificial coverings on the soil surface, which are located unevenly and have different filtration coefficients, which causes corresponding groundwater level changes of urban areas. The nature of groundwater level changes under the influence of external factors has been determined. The necessity to create three-dimensional mathematical models to describe groundwater level changes and improve forecasts of their changes have been identified. A three-dimensional mathematical model of urban groundwater level changes, such as atmospheric water infiltration, additional groundwater replenishment, transpiration, evaporation, evapotranspiration, and groundwater abstraction has been developed. The boundary conditions of the three-dimensional mathematical model have been formulated.

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Banda, Limbikani C., Robert M. Kalin i Vernon Phoenix. "Isotope Hydrology and Hydrogeochemical Signatures in the Lake Malawi Basin: A Multi-Tracer Approach for Groundwater Resource Conceptualisation". Water 16, nr 11 (31.05.2024): 1587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16111587.

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Reliance on groundwater is outpacing natural replenishment, a growing imbalance that requires detailed and multi-faceted water resource understanding. This study integrated water-stable isotopes and hydrogeochemical species to examine hydrogeochemical processes during groundwater recharge and evolution in the Lake Malawi basin aquifer systems. The findings provide insights into groundwater source provenance, with non-evaporated modern precipitation dominating recharge inputs. Grouped hydrochemical facies exhibit five groundwater water types, prominently featuring Ca-Mg-HCO3. Modelled hydrogeochemical data underscore dominant silicate dissolution reactions with the likely precipitation of calcite and/or high-Mg dolomitic carbonate constrained by ion exchange. Isotope hydrology reinforces water resource system conceptualisation. Coupled isotopic-hydrogeochemical lines of evidence reveal a discernible spatial-seasonal inhomogeneity in groundwater chemical character, revealing a complex interplay of meteoric water input, evaporative effects, recharge processes, and mixing dynamics. Findings show that measurable nitrate across Malawi highlights a widespread human impact on groundwater quality and an urgent need for detailed modelling to predict future trends of nitrate in groundwater with respect to extensive fertiliser use and an ever-increasing number of pit latrines and septic systems arising from rapid population growth. This study not only refined the Lake Malawi basin aquifer systems conceptualisation but also provided isotopic evidence of groundwater and lake water mixing. This study sets a base for groundwater management and policy decisions in support of the Integrated Water Resources Management principles and Sustainable Development Goal 6 objectives for groundwater sustainability in the transboundary Lake Malawi basin.

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Wang, Mengran, Jiaqi Yao, Fan Mo i Nan Xu. "Spatiotemporal coupling analysis of surface water and groundwater in Tibet based on multi-source sensors". International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-1-2024 (10.05.2024): 663–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-1-2024-663-2024.

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Abstract. Lakes and groundwater are two crucial components of the global terrestrial water cycle, collectively forming a vital network for Earth's water resources. However, in the Tibetan region, the spatiotemporal relationship between lakes and groundwater and their impact on the local hydrological cycle remain inadequately understood. Satellite remote sensing serves as an effective observational tool, enabling comprehensive investigation and analysis of surface lakes and groundwater in Tibet with high spatial resolution. Therefore, this study integrates Landsat and Cryosat-2 satellite data to examine the spatiotemporal patterns of surface lake extents and water levels in Tibet. Additionally, combining Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite observations with the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) model data, we quantitatively analyze the spatiotemporal variations in groundwater storage and its correlation with lake water. The results indicate that: 1) Rivers and lakes in Tibet are mainly located in the central and northwest regions, displaying noticeable intra-annual variations; 2) Substantial lagged relationships exist between groundwater storage and lake water levels and areas, revealing that lakes contribute significantly to groundwater replenishment, especially in the Ngari prefecture and Lhokha prefecture. This study comprehensively utilizes multi-source remote sensing data to dynamically monitor surface and groundwater in Tibet, providing robust support for a better understanding of the interaction between groundwater and surface water.

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Indraja, P., H. V. Hema Kumar, A. Mani, K. V. S. Rami Reddy i Ch Sujani Rao. "Estimation of Ground Water Recharge in the Command Area of Krishna Central Delta". International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, nr 12 (28.12.2023): 1317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i123798.

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Groundwater recharge is the most important component in all the water balance studies and in ground water development projects as a part of sustainable groundwater management. Norms set by the Groundwater Resource Estimation Committee, GEC-2015 was used for the estimation of recharge. The study was conducted for the Bandar canal command area constituting the Krishna Central Delta in Andhra Pradesh. Following the norms of GEC-2015, the recharge was estimated for the past decade from 2012-13 to 2021-22 and it was found that recharge rate ranged from 438135.8 ha-m in the year 2015-16 to 1677730 ha-m in the year 2013-14. While computing the gross recharge, recharge attributed by rainfall, canal seepage, irrigation return flow and from the ponds/tanks are considered. Recharge estimated sheds information on replenishment and improved management of coastal aquifers where seawater intrusion is a major problem.

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Ba Dung, Nguyen, i Dang Tuyet Minh. "Land use hierarchical mapping for delineation of groundwater potential zones in the Ba river basin using satellite imagery and GIS technology". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1383, nr 1 (1.08.2024): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1383/1/012012.

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Abstract The evaluation of groundwater potential is crucial for the best use and replenishment of groundwater resources, as well as for the appropriate growth and administration of a region. To study groundwater potential, it is necessary to analyze the factors that directly affect this resource. In addition to the criteria that contribute to the formation of groundwater, such as rainfall, land cover, geology, slope, etc., land use types and their infiltration capacity are also the main factors affecting the groundwater prospect. In recent years, remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) have emerged as the most important technologies in the field of groundwater research, which aid in determining groundwater potential. This paper presents a method to generate the land use hierarchical map based on the level of impact on the formation of groundwater in the Ba river basin using GIS technology and remote sensing. According to the classification result, the three classes of groundwater potential zones including “low”, “moderate”, “high” occupy 1.51%, 77.43%, and 21.06% of the study area respectively. The findings can be validated with the actual groundwater level at some locations that are evenly distributed throughout the basin. The obtained results indicate that there is an agreement between groundwater potential levels at each actual location and those depicted on the land use hierarchical map. The methodology utilized in this study is reliable, accurate and can be used to generate hierarchical maps of additional parameters. This paper will be a useful document for groundwater potential zoning in the study area

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Athsha Great Raxana, R., i S. Venkateswaran. "Mapping of Groundwater Potential Zones in the Kuzhithuraiyar Sub Basin of Kodayar River, Kanniyakumari District, Tamilnadu: Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and GIS". Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 33, nr 1 (25.03.2024): 178–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/112417.

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Groundwater plays a very important role for all living beings. It is decisive to have a scientific understanding of groundwater management since, with careful use and replenishment, groundwater may help solve issues. The distribution of groundwater tables, slope, land-form, drainage pattern, lithology, topography, geological structure, fracturing density, opening and connectivity of fractures, secondary porosity, and landuse landcover all affect the occurrence and efficiency of groundwater in an aquifer system. An essential tool for assessing, tracking and protecting groundwater resources is the integration of geospatial techniques such as Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System for the identification of groundwater potential zones. This study aims to find the groundwater potential zones using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and managing the resources by creating different thematic layers such as rainfall, geology, geomorphology, drainage density, soil, slope, lineament and landuse landcover (LULC) of the Kuzhithuraiyar sub basin of the Kodayar river in Tamilnadu using the application of geospatial technologies. The thematic maps for all the thematic layers have been prepared using tools such as Interpolation, contour lines, Classification in ArcGIS 10.8. Theme weight and class rank were assigned to different thematic layers in weighed overlay analysis. The results were validated through field work and groundwater potential map was created. The groundwater potential zonation mapping was done by the overlay analysis in ArcGIS 10.8 software. The obtained map was classified into four categories namely very high groundwater potential zone, high groundwater potential zone, medium groundwater potential zone and low groundwater potential zone. The North Eastern part of the basin is considered as low groundwater potential zone while the Southern portion has high groundwater potentiality. The low groundwater potential zone covers an area of 10.58 sq.km and high groundwater potential zone covers an area of about 388.37sq.km.This study will be helpful for useful groundwater management for different tenacities.

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Williams, Chenille, i Dan Tufford. "Groundwater Recharge Rates in Isolated and Riverine Wetlands: Influencing Factors". Journal of South Carolina Water Resources, nr 2 (1.06.2015): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.34068/jscwr.02.10.

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Isolated wetlands and riverine wetlands have been shown to have similar groundwater hydrology despite their difference in topography and surface water hydrology. The current study aimed to address the impact of topography and surface water hydrology on groundwater hydrologic behavior by comparing the groundwater recharge rates of several isolated and riverine wetlands in the Coastal Plain of South Carolina. Study sites contained an isolated wetland, a riverine wetland, and an upland that bisected the two wetland types. Shallow water tables and sandy soils, allowed a rapid response to precipitation to be clearly visible. Soil characteristics, water table fluctuations, and precipitation data from January 2012-September 2012 were evaluated and from that data mean recharge rates were calculated using an adapted version of the water table fluctuation method. During the study period, it was observed that the frequency of precipitation (storm events) and saturated zone soil type were more impactful on water table movement than topography, surface soil type, and surface water hydrology. One significant finding of this research is that the isolated wetlands in this study did, in fact, recharge groundwater, which implies that their presence increases the opportunity for groundwater replenishment.

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Shamsudduha, Mohammad, i Richard G. Taylor. "Groundwater storage dynamics in the world's large aquifer systems from GRACE: uncertainty and role of extreme precipitation". Earth System Dynamics 11, nr 3 (27.08.2020): 755–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-11-755-2020.

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Abstract. Under variable and changing climates groundwater storage sustains vital ecosystems and enables freshwater withdrawals globally for agriculture, drinking water, and industry. Here, we assess recent changes in groundwater storage (ΔGWS) from 2002 to 2016 in 37 of the world's large aquifer systems using an ensemble of datasets from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and land surface models (LSMs). Ensemble GRACE-derived ΔGWS is well reconciled to in situ observations (r=0.62–0.86, p value <0.001) for two tropical basins with regional piezometric networks and contrasting climate regimes. Trends in GRACE-derived ΔGWS are overwhelmingly non-linear; indeed, linear declining trends adequately (R2>0.5, p value <0.001) explain variability in only two aquifer systems. Non-linearity in ΔGWS derives, in part, from the episodic nature of groundwater replenishment associated with extreme annual (>90th percentile, 1901–2016) precipitation and is inconsistent with prevailing narratives of global-scale groundwater depletion at the scale of the GRACE footprint (∼200 000 km2). Substantial uncertainty remains in estimates of GRACE-derived ΔGWS, evident from 20 realisations presented here, but these data provide a regional context to changes in groundwater storage observed more locally through piezometry.

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