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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Groundwater Interaction"
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Guggenmos, M. R., B. M. Jackson i C. J. Daughney. "Investigation of groundwater-surface water interaction using hydrochemical sampling with high temporal resolution, Mangatarere catchment, New Zealand". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 8, nr 6 (21.11.2011): 10225–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-8-10225-2011.
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Abstract. The interaction between groundwater and surface water is dynamic and is known to show considerable spatial and temporal variability. Generally hydrological studies that investigate this interaction are conducted at weekly to yearly timescales and inadvertently lose information contained at the neglected shorter timescales. This paper utilises high resolution physical and chemical measurements to investigate the groundwater and surface water interactions of the small temperate Mangatarere Stream in New Zealand. Continuous electrical conductivity, water temperature and stage measurements were obtained at two surface water gauging stations and one groundwater station, along with one week of intensive hydrochemical grab sampling. A second groundwater gauging station provided limited additional data. The downstream reach of the Mangatarere Stream received significant base flow from neighbouring groundwaters which provided cool Na+-Cl− type waters, high in TDS and NO−3 concentrations. This reach also lost water to underlying groundwaters during an extended dry period when precipitation and regional groundwater stage were low. The upstream groundwater station received recharge primarily from precipitation as indicated by a Na+-Cl−-NO−3 signature, the result of precipitation passage through the soil-water zone. However, river recharge was also provided to the upstream groundwater station as indicated by the transferral of a diurnal water temperature pattern and dilute Na+-Ca2+-Mg2+-HCO3−-Cl− signature. Results obtained from the Mangatarere catchment confirm the temporal complexities of groundwater and surface water interaction and highlight the benefits of multiple investigative approaches and the importance of high frequency hydrochemical sampling and monitoring for process understanding.
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Guggenmos, M. R., C. J. Daughney, B. M. Jackson i U. Morgenstern. "Regional-scale identification of groundwater-surface water interaction using hydrochemistry and multivariate statistical methods, Wairarapa Valley, New Zealand". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 15, nr 11 (15.11.2011): 3383–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-3383-2011.
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Abstract. Identifying areas of interaction between groundwater and surface water is crucial for effective environmental management, because this interaction is known to influence water quantity and quality. This paper applies hydrochemistry and multivariate statistics to identify locations and mechanisms of groundwater-surface water interaction in the pastorally dominated Wairarapa Valley, New Zealand. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) and Principal Components Analysis (PCA) were conducted using site-specific median values of Ca, Mg, Na, K, HCO3, Cl, SO4 and electrical conductivity from 22 surface water sites and 246 groundwater sites. Surface water and groundwater monitoring sites were grouped together in three of the seven clusters identified by HCA, with the inference made that similarities in hydrochemistry indicate groundwater-surface water interaction. PCA indicated that the clusters were largely differentiated by total dissolved solids concentration, redox condition and ratio of major ions. Shallow aerobic groundwaters, located in close proximity to losing reaches of rivers, were grouped with similar Ca-HCO3 type surface waters, indicating potential recharge to aquifers from these river systems. Groundwaters that displayed a rainfall-recharged chemical signature with higher Na relative to Ca, higher Cl relative to HCO3 and an accumulation of NO3 were grouped with neighbouring surface waters, suggesting the provision of groundwater base flow to these river systems and the transfer of this chemical signature from underlying aquifers. The hydrochemical techniques used in this study did not reveal groundwater-surface water interaction in some parts of the study area, specifically where deep anoxic groundwaters, high in total dissolved solids with a distinct Na-Cl signature, showed no apparent link to surface water. The drivers of hydrochemistry inferred from HCA and PCA are consistent with previous measurements of 18O, water age and excess air. Overall, this study has shown that multivariate statistics can be used as a rapid method to identify groundwater-surface water interaction at a regional scale using existing hydrochemical datasets.
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Guggenmos, M. R., C. J. Daughney, B. M. Jackson i U. Morgenstern. "Regional-scale identification of groundwater-surface water interaction using hydrochemistry and multivariate statistical methods, Wairarapa Valley, New Zealand". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 8, nr 4 (6.07.2011): 6443–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-8-6443-2011.
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Abstract. Identifying areas of interaction between groundwater and surface water is crucial for effective environmental management, because this interaction is known to influence water quantity and quality. This paper applies hydrochemistry and multivariate statistics to identify locations and mechanisms of groundwater-surface water interaction in the pastorally dominated Wairarapa Valley, New Zealand. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) and Principal Components Analysis (PCA) were conducted using site-specific median values of Ca, Mg, Na, K, HCO3, Cl, SO4 and electrical conductivity from 22 surface water sites and 246 groundwater sites. Surface water and groundwater monitoring sites were grouped together in three of the seven clusters identified by HCA, with the inference made that similarities in hydrochemistry indicate groundwater-surface water interaction. PCA indicated that the clusters were largely differentiated by total dissolved solids concentration, redox potential and ratio of major ions. Shallow aerobic groundwaters, located in close proximity to losing reaches of rivers, were grouped with similar Ca-HCO3 type surface waters, indicating potential recharge to aquifers from these river systems. Groundwaters that displayed a rainfall-recharged chemical signature with higher Na relative to Ca, higher Cl relative to HCO3 and an accumulation of NO3 were grouped with neighbouring surface waters, suggesting the provision of groundwater base flow to these river systems and the transfer of this chemical signature from underlying aquifers. The hydrochemical techniques used in this study did not reveal groundwater-surface water interaction in some parts of the study area, specifically where deep anoxic groundwaters, high in total dissolved solids with a distinct Na-Cl signature, showed no apparent link to surface water. The drivers of hydrochemistry inferred from HCA and PCA are consistent with previous measurements of 18O, water age and excess air. Overall, this study has shown that multivariate statistics can be used as a rapid method to identify groundwater-surface water interaction at a regional scale using existing hydrochemical datasets.
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G, Ottos C., i Isaac E. O. "Modeling of Predictive interaction of Water Parameters in Groundwater". International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-3 (30.04.2018): 1091–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd11292.
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Ó Dochartaigh, Brighid É., Alan M. MacDonald, Andrew R. Black, Jez Everest, Paul Wilson, W. George Darling, Lee Jones i Mike Raines. "Groundwater–glacier meltwater interaction in proglacial aquifers". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 23, nr 11 (5.11.2019): 4527–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4527-2019.
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Abstract. Groundwater plays a significant role in glacial hydrology and can buffer changes to the timing and magnitude of flows in meltwater rivers. However, proglacial aquifer characteristics or groundwater dynamics in glacial catchments are rarely studied directly. We provide direct evidence of proglacial groundwater storage, and quantify multi-year groundwater–meltwater dynamics, through detailed aquifer characterisation and intensive high-resolution monitoring of the proglacial system of a rapidly retreating glacier, Virkisjökull, in south-eastern Iceland. Proglacial unconsolidated glaciofluvial sediments comprise a highly permeable aquifer (25–40 m d−1) in which groundwater flow in the shallowest 20–40 m of the aquifer is equivalent to 4.5 % (2.6 %–5.8 %) of mean river flow, and 9.7 % (5.8 %–12.3 %) of winter flow. Estimated annual groundwater flow through the entire aquifer thickness is 10 % (4 %–22 %) the magnitude of annual river flow. Groundwater in the aquifer is actively recharged by glacier meltwater and local precipitation, both rainfall and snowmelt, and strongly influenced by individual precipitation events. Local precipitation represents the highest proportion of recharge across the aquifer. However, significant glacial meltwater influence on groundwater within the aquifer occurs in a 50–500 m river zone within which there are complex groundwater–river exchanges. Stable isotopes, groundwater dynamics and temperature data demonstrate active recharge from river losses, especially in the summer melt season, with more than 25 % and often >50 % of groundwater in the near-river aquifer zone sourced from glacier meltwater. Proglacial aquifers such as these are common globally, and future changes in glacier coverage and precipitation are likely to increase the significance of groundwater storage within them. The scale of proglacial groundwater flow and storage has important implications for measuring meltwater flux, for predicting future river flows, and for providing strategic water supplies in de-glaciating catchments.
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Young, Steven C., Robert E. Mace i Carlos Rubinstein. "Surface water-groundwater interaction issues in Texas". Texas Water Journal 9, nr 1 (17.12.2018): 129–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21423/twj.v9i1.7084.
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In Texas, surface water is owned and regulated by the State of Texas, whereas groundwater is owned by respective property owners under the rule of capture. Owners of surface water rights, issued by the state, and groundwater may use and sell their water as a private property right. The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality administers surface water rights, while groundwater conservation districts (where they exist) are primarily responsible for permitting groundwater use. This paper focuses on the complexity of both systems that are designed to manage water resources differently with specific emphasis on where surface water and groundwater interact. Surface water-groundwater interactions have contributed to disputes over the actual ownership and right to water. The available science and the limitations of the models currently used to make water availability and permitting determinations are discussed, as are the investments in field data gathering and interpretation and model enhancements that can lead to better assessments of surface water-groundwater interactions and impacts. More complete science and enhanced models may also help reduce the timeline associated with the permitting of future water supply and use strategies. Citation: Young SC, Mace RE, Rubinstein C. 2018. Surface water-groundwater interaction issues in Texas. Texas Water Journal. 9(1):129-149. Available from: https://doi.org/10.21423/twj.v9i1.7084.
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Novikov, Dmitry A. "Chemical equilibrium of groundwater with minerals of the host rocks in Upper Jurassic sediments (Arctic regions of Western Siberia)". E3S Web of Conferences 98 (2019): 01037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199801037.
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The results of thermodynamic calculations for a water-rock system in the Upper Jurassic deposits of the Arctic regions of Western Siberia are presented. In the area under investigation the groundwaters have been identified with mineralization up to 63.3 g/L and various chemical composition and genesis. Despite the long interaction with the rock (150-160 ma) equilibrium with endogenous minerals (albite, microcline and anorthite) is practically not observed. At the same time, groundwaters are in equilibrium with clay minerals and micas, such as: Caand Na-montmorillonites, kaolinite, paragonite, margarite, illite, muscovite and Mg-chlorite. The establishment of a balance of groundwater with primary aluminosilicate minerals is also affected by interactions with carbonate minerals. The differences in composition of groundwater in equilibrium with certain aluminosilicates and carbonates indicate that the mineral changes are formed from a solution of a strictly defined chemical composition in an appropriate geochemical environment.
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Islam, Md Shajedul, i M. G. Mostafa. "Evaluation of Hydrogeochemical Processes in Groundwater Using Geochemical and Geostatistical Approaches in the Upper Bengal Basin". Geofluids 2022 (6.04.2022): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9591717.
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Overexploitation of groundwater for irrigation and radical changes of river morphology in the Bengal basin has posed difficulties to sustainable management of this resource. Forty groundwater samples were collected from tube wells of the pre-monsoon and postmonsoon seasons in 2020, and the water parameters were analyzed. The hydrogeochemical studies, bivariate plots, and multivariate techniques were used to evaluate the rock-water interactions, influencing factors, and contamination pathways. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used to extract several directions in the data space and understand the different geochemical processes. Q-mode hierarchical cluster analysis coupled with the post hoc ANOVA test of variance was also used to divide the sampling sites based on the geochemical water facies. The PHREEQC-3v software was used to measure the partial pressure of CO2 in groundwater and elucidate the chemical reactions controlling the water chemistry. Near-neutral pH (7.4) and high EC (813.2 μS/cm), TDS (507.35 mg/L), and total hardness (383.45 mg/L) characterize the groundwaters of the study area. The research revealed that the order of abundance of cations was Ca2+>Mg2+>Na+>K+ and of anions was HCO3−>>Cl->SO42−>NO3->PO43-. The PCA revealed that the chemical properties of the groundwater are derived from rock-water interactions. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed that two distinct groundwater zones were affected by neighboring river flow and irrigation return flow. Several diagrams suggested that the water was mainly of Ca-HCO3 type originating from chemical weathering of rock-forming minerals with advanced water-rock interaction. The analyzed groundwater was supersaturated with calcite and partially saturated with dolomite. As a result, the chemical features of groundwater in the study area were largely dependent on the water-rock interaction, local lithological conditions, and neighboring river morphology. This study can be helpful for the improvement of water resource management, especially for drinking and irrigation purposes.
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Meng, Fanao, Changlai Xiao, Xiujuan Liang, Ge Wang i Ying Sun. "Regularity and a statistical model of surface water and groundwater interaction in the Taoer River alluvial fan, China". Water Supply 19, nr 8 (26.08.2019): 2379–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2019.118.
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Abstract The study of surface water and groundwater (SGW) interaction can be used to improve water resource management. Herein, annual and monthly interactions in the Taoer River alluvial fan were calculated for the 1956–2014 period using the surface water balance method and the groundwater balance method, and a statistical model of interaction was obtained. The SGW interaction is shown in terms of the recharge of groundwater by surface water. From 1956 to 2014, the amount of SGW interaction in the study area varied greatly, averaging 27,848.4 × 104m3 annually. SGW interaction decreased gradually from the 1950s to the 1980s, and increased gradually from the 1980s to the present. During an individual year, SGW interaction increases gradually from January to July, peaking in July, and decreases gradually from August to December. An annual and a monthly multivariate regression statistical model were established. R2 was 0.697 for the annual model and 0.405 for the monthly model; the annual interaction model is more reliable. The model can be used to predict future trends in SGW interaction, which could be of great significance to the management of groundwater resources in the study area.
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Haque, Arefin, Amgad Salama, Kei Lo i Peng Wu. "Surface and Groundwater Interactions: A Review of Coupling Strategies in Detailed Domain Models". Hydrology 8, nr 1 (23.02.2021): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology8010035.
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In groundwater numerical simulations, the interactions between surface and groundwater have received great attention due to difficulties related to their validation and calibration due to the dynamic exchange occurring at the soil–water interface. The interaction is complex at small scales. However, at larger scales, the interaction is even more complicated, and has never been fully addressed. A clear understanding of the coupling strategies between the surface and groundwater is essential in order to develop numerical models for successful simulations. In the present review, two of the most commonly used coupling strategies in detailed domain models—namely, fully-coupled and loosely-coupled techniques—are reviewed and compared. The advantages and limitations of each modelling scheme are discussed. This review highlights the strategies to be considered in the development of groundwater flow models that are representative of real-world conditions between surface and groundwater interactions at regional scales.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Groundwater Interaction"
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Pujades, Garnes Estanislao. "Interaction between groundwater and underground constructions". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/127151.
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Underground constructions below the water table may be problematic if the role of groundwater is not properly acknowledged. Difficulties worsen in urban environments. Two aspects should be taken into account in the interaction between underground constructions and groundwater, 1) the impacts caused by the construction in the aquifers and 2) the difficulties that groundwater causes during the construction. Therefore, the design of an
underground construction must be minimize the impacts in the underground environment as well as guaranteeing the safety of the workers and the integrity of adjacent structures. The adopted measures must not complicate the development of the construction and must not increase the total cost. To sum up, the construction must be efficient. These questions arose during the construction of the High Speed Train (HST) tunnel in Barcelona, which passes next to the Sagrada Familia. This thesis proposes answers to the questions which came up.
Two problems may arise when a construction intersects an aquifer, the drain and the barrier effect. While the former has been widely studied, the second has not been adequately formalized and this is the first aim of the thesis. Analytical solutions are obtained to compute the head variations caused by an underground impervious structure. The solutions allow computing of the impact under different circumstances and to design corrective measures. The proposed equations were verified by using the data from real underground constructions.
Subsidence caused by dewatering processes of deep excavations is feared. This fact affects the design. One option to reduce subsidences consist on deepen the enclosures (diaphragm walls, piles, jet-grouting piles) in order to avoid or minimise the dewatering. The second objective is to discuss the effectiveness of this measure, which rise the cost of the constructions, since drawdown caused by pumping are usually small and less dangerous
(poorly differential) than is expected. Moreover, the pumping stabilizes the bottom of excavations. Therefore, to deepen the enclosures may be less efficient than combining short enclosures with deep pumping wells. Both alternatives must be compared. Thus, a number of dewatering scenarios, where the depth of the enclosures and the pumping wells are varied, are compared considering the safety, the outside affectations and the cost. Results show that combining deep pumping wells with short enclosures can become the most efficient method to perform excavations in preconsolidated soils.
ii Regardless of the method used to perform an excavation, the enclosure, always, plays an important role since it guarantees the stability of the excavation walls and prevents the entrance of lateral flow. The presence of small defects may lead to disastrous consequences, which would invalidate all the previous work oriented to develop an efficient construction.
Therefore, given that the defects are relatively common, that the techniques used to detect defects are limited and that the groundwater behaviour taking into account underground structures can be predicted, the third objective of the thesis is to develop hydraulic methods to assess the state of an enclosure. These methods, specifically the Watertightness Assessment Test (WTAT), are used as much to estimate the effective parameters of the enclosure as to locate the defects.
Finally, the steps followed during the construction of the HST tunnel in Barcelona demonstrate the importance of the geological characterisation. If the soil is well known, all the aspects associated with the construction can be predicted accurately, which is crucial for designing an efficient underground construction. The geology, the hydrogeology and the historical processes suffered by the soil must be characterized accurately.Las construcciones subterráneas realizadas por debajo del nivel piezométrico pueden ser problemáticas si no se reconoce el papel del agua subterránea. Las dificultades aumentan en ambientes urbanos. La interacción con el agua subterránea tiene lugar en las dos direcciones 1) los impactos causados por la construcción sobre el acuífero y 2) las dificultades que, durante la construcción, causará la presencia de agua subterránea. Por ello, el diseño de una construcción subterránea debe minimizar los impactos en el medio subterráneo y garantizar la seguridad de los trabajadores y la integridad de las estructuras adyacentes. Las medidas adoptadas no deben complicar en exceso el desarrollo de las obras ni sobrecargar el coste total de la obra. En resumen, la construcción debe ser eficiente. Estas preguntas surgieron durante la construcción del túnel para el Tren de Alta Velocidad (HST) en Barcelona, adyacente a la Sagrada Familia. En esta tesis se proponen respuestas a las mismas. Los impactos sobre el acuífero pueden ser de dos tipos: el efecto dren y el efecto barrera. Mientras que el primero ha sido ampliamente estudiado, el segundo no ha sido formalizado adecuadamente, lo que constituye el primer objetivo de esta tesis. Para calcular las variaciones de nivel causadas por una estructura subterránea impermeable, se derivan ecuaciones para diversas condiciones de obra y para medidas correctoras. Se han verificado con datos de construcciones reales. La subsidencia causada por el drenaje de excavaciones profundas es uno de los temores más condicionantes del diseño. Una de las maneras de reducirla, consiste en profundizar los recintos (pantallas, pilotes, columnas de jet-grouting) con el fin de evitar o minimizar el bombeo. El segundo objetivo de esta tesis es cuestionar la eficacia de estas medidas, que aumentan el coste de la construcción, ya que los asientos causados por el bombeo suelen ser pequeños y menos peligrosos (poco diferenciales) de lo temido. Además, el bombeo estabiliza la base de las excavaciones. Por ello realizar recintos más profundos puede ser menos eficiente que combinar recintos cortos y pozos de bombeo profundos. Es obvio que ambas alternativas deben compararse adecuadamente. Para ello, se han estudiado una serie de escenarios de drenaje que son comparados teniendo en cuenta la seguridad, las afecciones externas y el coste. Las variaciones entre los diferentes escenarios son las profundidades de los recintos y de los pozos de bombeo. Los resultados muestran que combinar pozos de bombeo profundos con recintos cortos es el método más eficiente para llevar a cabo excavaciones en suelos preconsolidados. Independientemente del método utilizado para llevar a cabo una excavación, el recinto, siempre juega un papel importante, ya que garantiza la estabilidad de las paredes de la excavación y evita la entrada de flujo lateral. La presencia de pequeños defectos puede tener consecuencias desastrosas, lo que haría inútil todo el trabajo previo orientado a desarrollar una construcción eficiente. Por lo tanto, dado que los defectos son relativamente comunes, que las técnicas utilizadas para detectar defectos son limitadas y que el comportamiento del agua subterránea puede ser predicho teniendo en cuenta las estructuras subterráneas existentes. El tercer objetivo de la tesis es desarrollar métodos hidráulicos para evaluar el estado del recinto de una excavación. Se muestra que estos métodos y, en particular, el ensayo de caracterización de impermeabilización permiten tanto estimar los parámetros efectivos del recinto como localizar los defectos. Por último, los pasos seguidos durante la construcción del túnel para el Tren de Alta Velocidad en Barcelona evidencian la importancia de una buena caracterización geológica. Si el suelo es bien conocido, todos los aspectos asociados con la construcción pueden ser estimados con precisión, lo que resulta crucial para diseñar una construcción subterránea eficiente. La geología, la hidrogeología y los procesos históricos sufridos por el suelo deben ser bien conocidos.
Les construccions subterrànies realitzades sota el nivell piezométric poden ser problemàtiques si no es reconeix el paper de l'aigua subterrània. Les dificultats augmenten en ambients urbans. La interacció amb l'aigua subterrània té lloc en els dos sentits 1) els impactes causats per la construcció sobre l'aqüífer i 2) les dificultats que, durant la construcció, causarà la presència d'aigua subterrània. Per això, el disseny d'una construcció subterrània ha de minimitzar els impactes al medi subterrani i garantir la seguretat dels treballadors i la integritat de les estructures adjacents. Les mesures adoptades no han de complicar en excés el desenvolupament de les obres ni sobrecarregar el cost total de l'obra. En resum, la construcció ha de ser eficient. Aquestes preguntes van sorgir durant la construcció del túnel per al Tren d'Alta Velocitat a Barcelona, adjacent a la Sagrada Família. En aquesta tesi es proposen respostes a les mateixes. Els impactes sobre l'aqüífer poden ser de dos tipus: l'efecte dren i l'efecte barrera. Mentre que el primer ha estat àmpliament estudiat, el segon no ha estat formalitzat adequadament, la qual cosa constitueix el primer objectiu d'aquesta tesi. Per calcular les variacions de nivell causades per una estructura subterrània impermeable, es deriven equacions per a diverses condicions d'obra i per a mesures correctores. S'han verificat amb dades de construccions reals. La subsidència causada pel drenatge d'excavacions profundes és un dels temors més condicionants del disseny. Una de les maneres de reduir-la, consisteix a aprofundir els recintes (pantalles, pilotis, columnes de jet-grouting) amb la finalitat d'evitar o minimitzar el bombament. El segon objectiu d'aquesta tesi és qüestionar l'eficàcia d'aquestes mesures, que augmenten el cost de la construcció, ja que els seients causats pel bombament solen ser petits i menys perillosos (poc diferencials) del temut. A més, el bombament estabilitza la base de les excavacions. Per això realitzar recintes més profunds pot ser menys eficient que combinar recintes curts i pous de bombament profunds. És obvi que ambdues alternatives han de comparar-se adequadament. Per a això, s'han estudiat una sèrie d'escenaris de drenatge que són comparats tenint en compte la seguretat, les afeccions externes i el cost. Les variacions entre els diferents escenaris són les profunditats dels recintes i dels pous de bombament. Els resultats mostren que combinar pous de bombament profunds amb recintes curts és el mètode més eficient per dur a terme excavacions en sòls preconsolidats. vi Independentment del mètode utilitzat per dur a terme una excavació, el recinte, sempre juga un paper important, ja que garanteix l'estabilitat de les parets de l'excavació i evita l'entrada de flux lateral. La presència de petits defectes pot tenir conseqüències desastroses, la qual cosa faria inútil tot el treball previ orientat a desenvolupar una construcció eficient. Per tant, atès que els defectes són relativament comuns, que les tècniques utilitzades per detectar defectes són limitades i que el comportament de l'aigua subterrània pot ser predit tenint en compte les estructures subterrànies existents. El tercer objectiu de la tesi és desenvolupar mètodes hidràulics per avaluar l'estat del recinte d'una excavació. Es mostra que aquests mètodes i, en particular, l'assaig de caracterització d'impermeabilització (WTAT) permeten tant estimar els paràmetres efectius del recinte com localitzar els defectes. Finalment, els passos seguits durant la construcció del túnel per al Tren d'Alta Velocitat a Barcelona evidencien la importància d'una bona caracterització geològica. Si el sòl és ben conegut, tots els aspectes associats amb la construcció poden ser estimats amb precisió, la qual cosa resulta crucial per dissenyar una construcció subterrània eficient. La geologia, la hidrogeologia i els processos històrics soferts pel sòl han de ser ben coneguts.
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PERICO, ROBERTA. "GROUNDWATER-SURFACE WATER INTERACTION IN ALPINE CATCHMENT". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/374727.
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L'evidenza riconosciuta del riscaldamento globale richiede una valutazione del ciclo dell'acqua presente e futuro in Europa e nel mondo. Recentemente, è stata documentata l'evidenza di un regime idrologico modificato nelle Alpi sotto il cambiamento climatico. Tuttavia, secondo il quinto rapporto di valutazione dell'IPCC, è ancora necessario approfondire la nostra comprensione dell'impatto del cambiamento climatico e dell'uso del suolo sullo stoccaggio delle acque sotterranee nei bacini idrografici alpini. Una delle maggiori limitazioni all'analisi dell'interazione tra acque superficiali e sotterranee nei terreni alpini è la difficoltà di acquisizione dei dati e la limitata presenza di stazioni meteorologiche. Questi due fattori aumentano considerevolmente l'incertezza di una rappresentazione olistica dei processi idrologici e una stima affidabile della ricarica delle acque sotterranee. Lo scopo di questo lavoro di ricerca è quello di migliorare le attuali conoscenze sull'interazione tra le acque superficiali e gli acquiferi poco profondi e di definire un metodo per una modellazione integrata delle principali componenti del ciclo dell'acqua a scala di bacino da utilizzare come input per la modellazione delle acque sotterranee. La raccolta e l'uso di dati e metodi che permettono la massima discretizzazione dell'eterogeneità degli elementi coinvolti è il filo conduttore di questo lavoro. L'approccio scientifico è dimostrato per un caso di studio complesso, la valle della Valtellina (Italia settentrionale), per indagare l'interazione tra le componenti del ciclo idrogeologico e le loro proiezioni future secondo le dinamiche climatiche. Questa valle potrebbe essere considerata un perfetto caso di studio perché è caratterizzata da un sistema attivo che reagisce rapidamente alle variazioni meteorologiche e climatiche. Ciò è visibile dalla fluttuazione delle acque sotterranee e del fiume principale, l'Adda, durante eventi estremi di precipitazione e con lo scioglimento della neve durante i periodi di primavera/estate. La tesi è divisa in tre sezioni principali. La prima fornisce una descrizione dell'idrostratigrafia della pianura alluvionale della Valtellina. Questa sezione include il modello di flusso delle acque sotterranee in condizione stazionaria, sviluppato utilizzando FeFlow 7.2, e il relativo processo di calibrazione automatica della parametrizzazione idrogeologica. La seconda mostra la quantificazione del volume di stoccaggio stagionale delle acque sotterranee secondo il metodo del bilancio idrico residuo per due anni idrologici. Per la stima delle componenti principali (Precipitazione, Evapotraspirazione e Snow Water Equivalent), vengono testati nuovi promettenti database e metodi satellitari. L'ultimo capitolo descrive il modello di flusso transitorio delle acque sotterranee sviluppato con condizioni limite dinamiche ottenute dai metodi satellitari. Infine, il modello di flusso è stato utilizzato per valutare l'impatto sulle acque sotterranee di possibili scenari di cambiamento climatico.The recognized evidence of global warming demands assessment of the present and future water cycle in Europe and worldwide. Recently, evidence of modified hydrological regime in the Alps under climate change has been documented. However, according to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, it is still necessary to deepen our understanding of the impact of climate change and land use on groundwater storage in the alpine catchment areas. A major limitation to the analysis of the surface water-groundwater interaction in alpine terrain are the difficultly of data acquisition as well as the limited presence of meteorological stations. These two factors considerably increase the uncertainty of a holistic representation of the hydrological processes and a reliable estimation of groundwater recharge. The aim of this research work is to improve the current knowledge on the interaction between surface water and shallow aquifers and to define a method for an integrated modelling of the main components of the water cycle at the catchment scale to be used as input for groundwater modelling. The collection and use of data and methods that allow for the maximum discretisation of the heterogeneity of the elements involved is the guiding thread of this work. The scientific approach is demonstrated for a complex case study, the Valtellina valley (northern Italy), to investigate the interaction among the components of hydrogeologic cycle and their future projections according to climate dynamics. This valley could be considered a perfect case study because it is characterized by an active system that rapidly reacts to meteorological and climatic variations. This is visible by the fluctuation of the groundwater and of the main river, Adda River, during extreme precipitation events and with snow melts during the spring/summer periods. The thesis is divided into three main sections. The first provides a description of hydro-stratigraphy of the Valtellina valley floodplain. This section includes the groundwater flow model in a steady state condition, developed by using FeFlow 7.2, and the relative automatic calibration process for the hydrogeologic parametrization. 5 The second shows the quantification of seasonal groundwater storage volume according to the residual water budget method for two hydrologic years. For the estimation of the main components (Precipitation, Evapotranspiration and Snow water equivalent), new promising satellite-based database and methods are tested. The last one describes the tranFinally, the flow model has been used to evaluate the impact on groundwater of possible climate change scenarios.sient groundwater flow model developed with dynamic boundary conditions obtained from satellite-based methods.
3
Bota, Liciniu, i Liciniu Bota. "Modeling of groundwater flow and surface/groundwater interaction for upper Cienega Creek Basin". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626917.
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The modular three-dimensional finite-difference
groundwater flow model (MODFLOW) was used to study the
hydrology of Upper Cienega Creek. The geological and
hydrological characteristics of the basin indicate that the
groundwater is contained in an unconfined aquifer. The study
focuses on the interaction between groundwater and surface
water in Upper Cienega Creek Basin and the surrounding
basins (Sonoita and Bobocamari). The steady state analysis
simulated the predevelopment conditions of the aquifer, and
the transient state analysis, conducted between 1989 and
2002, predicted the response of the aquifer to future
stresses. The location of pumpage and the volume of water
pumped during the entire transient period resulted in a
minimum reduction (1%) of the Cienega Creek stream flow.
However, a drawdown of 200 ft located in Sonoita and Elgin
area was predicted in the transient simulation. Capture
calculations show that the reduction in evapotranspiratiou
partially balanced the volume of water lost as result of
pumping.
4
Oxtobee, Jaime Peter Allan. "Groundwater/surface water interaction in a fractured bedrock environment". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ63350.pdf.
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Worakijthamrong, Surin. "Groundwater-River Interaction in the Context of Interbasin Transfer". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.526010.
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Aradas, Rodolfo D. "Groundwater and surface water interaction for integrated catchment planning". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12810/.
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Integrated Catchment Management (ICM), defined as the design of intervention strategies encompassing and integrating the fields of hydrology, environmental, social and economic science, is vital in order to reach sustainable solutions on a catchment basis. Modelling lies at the core of the ICM process as it supports baseline studies and enables analysis of proposed intervention measures both for present day conditions and under future scenarios. Its core role in ICM leads to the need to develop modelling into a more comprehensive activity within which the design of a modelling approach, selection of tools and need for linkages can be thoughtfully matched to the requirements of ICM. Initial research revealed a gap in this area, leading to development of a Framework for Catchment Modelling Studies (FCMS) intended to create a staged and systematic approach that could be used as a template for development of modelling exercises that strike the right balance between ICM needs, project costs and the availability of human and technical resources. To demonstrate the utility of the FCMS and populate it with application guidance, practical techniques and examples, technical research was focused on analysis of groundwater-surface water interaction in the Rio Salado Basin. This flatland of 175,000km2, is located in the Buenos Aires Province of Argentina and features widespread groundwater-surface water interaction as the key driver of the flooding in vast areas of the basin. This flooding currently limits the potential for agricultural and livestock development of what is, economically, most important region of the country. Research revealed that use of uncoupled groundwater-surface water models was inadequate to simulate observed flooding in a test area of the Rio Salado Basin, and a new program - iSISMOD - was developed by coupling MODFLOW (McDonald and Harbaugh, 1988) with ISIS (HR Wallingford and Halcrow, 1995) to permit dynamic coupling of both systems and support improved flood probability mapping. The research concludes that adoption of an FCMS approach would provide scientists and engineers with a systematic basis from which to think through technical issues involved in the modelling cycle, and would facilitate improved decision making on key issues, such as when uncoupled models must be replaced by coupled models. This systematic approach is not only resource-effective, it is more importantly essential to support development of integrated catchment management plans that are sustainable.
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Font, Capó Jordi. "Interaction between groundwater and TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) excavated tunnels". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96782.
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A number of problems, e.g. sudden inflows are encountered during tunneling under the piezometric level, especially when the excavation crosses high transmissivity areas. These inflows may drag materials when the tunnel crosses low competent layers, resulting in subsidence, chimney formation and collapses. Moreover, inflows can lead to a decrease in head level because of aquifer drainage. Tunnels can be drilled by a tunnel boring machine (TBM) to minimize inflows and groundwater impacts, restricting the effect on the tunnel face. This method is especially suitable for urban tunneling where the works are usually undertaken near the ground surface. The aim of the thesis is to elucidate the tunneling difficulties arising from hydrogeology, and to determine groundwater impacts. The following approaches were adopted to achieve these objectives.
First, a methodology that characterizes hydrogeologically the medium crossed by the TBM is proposed. Two important aspects that are often overlooked are: variable groundwater behavior of faults (conduit, barrier, conduit-barrier), and role of groundwater connectivity between fractures that cross the tunnel and the rest of the rock massif. These two aspects should be taken into account in the geological and groundwater characterization to correct the tunnel design and minimize hazards. A geological study and a preliminary hydrogeological characterization were carried out in a granitic sector during the construction of Line 9 of the Barcelona subway (B-20 area). The hydrogeological conceptual model was constructed using a quasi-3D numerical model, and different scenarios were calibrated. Faults and dikes show a conduit-barrier behavior, which partially compartmentalized the groundwater flow. The barrier behavior, which is the most marked effect, is more prominent in faults, whereas conduit behavior is more notable in dikes. The characterization of groundwater media entailed a dewatering plan and changes in the tunnel course.
Second, a methodology to locate and quantify the inflows in the tunnel face of the TBM was adopted. Unexpected high water inflows constitute a major problem because they may result in the collapse of the tunnel face and affect surface structures. Such collapses interrupted boring tasks and led to costly delays during the construction of the Santa Coloma Sector of L9 (Line 9) of the Barcelona Subway. A method for predicting groundwater inflows at tunnel face scale was implemented. A detailed 3D geological and geophysical characterization of the area was performed and a quasi-3D numerical model with a moving tunnel face boundary condition was built to simulate tunnel aquifer interaction. The model correctly predicts groundwater head variations and the magnitude of tunnel inflows concentrated at the crossing of faults and some dikes. Adaptation of the model scale to that of the tunnel and proper accounting for connectivity with the rest of the rock massif was crucial for quantifying the inflows. This method enables us to locate the hazardous areas where dewatering could be implemented.
Third, the hydrogeological impacts caused by tunneling with TBM were characterized. The lining in tunnels reduces water seepage but could cause a barrier effect because of aquifer obstruction. Analytical methods were employed to calculate the gradient and permeability variation after tunnelling. The uses of pumping tests allow determinate the barrier effect and the changes in groundwater connectivity due to tunnelling.
These approaches were adopted to help overcome the main hydrogeological problems encountered during the construction of tunnels with the TBM. Numerical models proved useful in quantifying and forecasting tunnel water inflows and head variations caused by tunnelling. A better understanding of these scenarios enabled us to find the correct solutions and to minimize the consequences of tunnel-groundwater interaction.La construcción de túneles bajo el nivel piezométrico puede comportar problemas constructivos cuando la excavación atraviese zonas muy transmisivas donde puede haber entradas repentinas de agua. Estas entradas pueden generar arrastres cuando se crucen capas muy poco competentes, llegando a provocar hundimientos, creación de chimeneas subsidencia del terreno. Además estas entradas de agua pueden provocar el descenso del nivel freático por drenaje del acuífero. Para minimizar las entradas de agua y los impactos asociados a la excavación se realizan perforaciones con tuneladoras (TBM) que restringen las afectaciones por drenaje al frente de perforación. Este método es especialmente adecuado en medios urbanos donde el túnel se sitúa cerca de la superficie. El objetivo de esta tesis será abordar las dificultades constructivas relacionadas con la hidrogeología que existen al construir túneles con tuneladora así como determinar los impactos que estas pueden producir. En primer lugar, se busca una metodología que permita caracterizar hidrogeológicamente el terreno que será atravesado por la tuneladora ya que esta maquinaria es sensible a los cambios repentinos de medio y condiciones de terreno. Hay dos aspectos que normalmente no se tienen en cuenta: el comportamiento hidrogeológico de las fallas (conducto, barrera, conducto-barrera) y la importancia de la conectividad hidrogeológica entre las fracturas que cruzadas por el túnel y el resto del macizo rocoso. Estos dos aspectos han sido tenidos en cuenta en la caracterización geológica e hidrogeológica con el fin de corregir el diseño del túnel y minimizar riesgos geológicos. Una investigación geológica con caracterización hidrogeológica preliminar (que incluyó la revisión del estado hidrogeológico previo y ensayos de bombeo de interferencia) fue realizada en una zona granítica de la Línea 9 del metro de Barcelona (zona de la B-20). El modelo hidrogeológico conceptual fue construido usando un modelo numérico quasi-3D, donde fueron calibrados diverso escenarios. Las fallas y diques mostraron un comportamiento de conductobarrera que compartimentaliza parcialmente el flujo. El comportamiento de barrera es el efecto mas marcado, aunque en los diques aparece comportamiento de conducto. La caracterización del medio hidrogeológico ha permitido realizar un plan de drenaje y los cambios necesarios en el diseño del túnel. En segundo lugar, se busca una metodología que permita localizar y cuantificar las entradas de agua que pueda haber en el frente de excavación de un túnel construido con tuneladora. Entradas de agua repentinas constituyen un problema importante porque pueden provocar un colapso del túnel que afecte estructuras superficiales. Un método para predecir las entradas de agua en el frente de túnel fue implementado en el sector de Santa Coloma de la Línea 9 del metro de Barcelona. Una caracterización geológica y geofísica 3D del área fue realizada y los resultados fueron implementados en un modelo numérico quasi-3D, donde una condición de contorno de frente de túnel móvil se ha insertado para simular la interacción con el acuífero. El modelo predice correctamente la variación de los niveles piezométricos y la magnitud de las entradas de agua concentrados en las zonas de falla y diques. La adaptación de la escala del modelo al túnel y a la conectividad con el resto del macizo ha sido crucial para cuantificar las entradas de agua. Este método permite localizar las zonas peligrosas donde el dewatering debería ser implementado. En tercer lugar, se caracterizan los impactos que provoca la construcción de un túnel construido con tuneladora. Aunque el efecto dren que suelen producir la mayoría de túneles es minimizado en los túneles perforados con tuneladora con el sostenimiento que se instala después de la acción perforadora de la maquina, la construcción de esta estructura lineal impermeable puede producir una obstrucción del acuífero o efecto barrera. Se cuantifica la variación de gradientes piezométricos antes y después de la construcción de un túnel, esto se realizará con el uso de métodos analíticos que comparen los cambios reales observados. Además se cuantificaran los cambios de conectividad que provoca la construcción de un túnel comparando la variación de comportamiento observada en una serie de ensayos de bombeo realzados antes y después de la construcción de l túnel. Todos estos enfoques permiten abordar los principales problemas hidrogeológicos que se encontraran los túneles construidos con tuneladora así como los impactos que provocan. El uso de modelos numéricos se convierte en una herramienta robusta para cuantificar y predecir las entradas de agua en el frente de túnel y las variaciones de nivel provocadas por el mismo túnel. El conocimiento de estos escenarios permitirá encontrar las mejores soluciones para minimizar las consecuencias de la acción del medio hidrogeológico sobre el túnel o viceversa.
La construcció de túnels sota el nivell piezomètric pot comportar problemes constructius quan l’excavació travessi zones molt transmissives on pot haver-hi entrades sobtades d’aigua . Aquestes entrades poden arrossegar materials quan es creuin capes poc competents, arribant a provocar enfonsaments, xemeneies I subsidència del terreny. D’altra banda aquestes entrades d’aigua poden provocar el descens del nivell d’aigua per drenatge de l’aqüífer. Per minimitzar les entrades d’aigua I els impactes associats a la excavació es perforen túnels amb tuneladores (TBM) que restringeixen les afeccions per drenatge al front de perforació. Aquest mètode es especialment adequat en medis urbans on el túnel es proper a la superfície. L’objectiu d’aquesta tesi serà abordar les dificultats constructives relacionades amb la hidrogeologia que existeixen al construir túnels amb tuneladora així com determinar els impactes que aquestes poden produir. En primer lloc, es busca una metodologia que permeti caracteritzar hidrogeològicament el terreny que ha de travessar la tuneladora ja que aquestes són sensibles als canvis sobtats de medi i condicions de terreny. Hi ha dos aspectes important que normalment no son tinguts en compte: El comportament hidrogeològic de les falles (conducte, barrera, conducte-barrera) i la importància de la connectivitat hidrogeològica entre les fractures que son creuades pel túnel y la resta del massís rocós. Aquests dos aspectes han estat tinguda en compte en la caracterització geològica i hidrogeològica amb el fi de corregir el disseny del túnel i minimitzar riscos geològics. Una investigació geològica amb caracterització hidrogeològica preliminar (que va incloure la revisió de l’estat hidrogeològic previ i assaigs de bombeig d’interferència) va ser realitzada en una zona granítica de la Línia 9 del metro de Barcelona (zona de la B-20). El model hidrogeològic conceptual va ser construït fent servir un model numèric quasi-3D, on van ser calibrats diferents escenaris. Les falles i els dics van mostrar un comportament de conducte barrera que compartimentalitza el flux parcialment. El comportament de barrera es l’efecte mes marcat i es mentre que en els dics apareix el comportament de conducte. La caracterització del medi hidrogeològic ha permès realitzar un pla de drenatge i els canvis necessaris en el disseny del túnel. En segon lloc, es troba una metodologia que permeti trobar el lloc i quantificar les entrades d’aigua que hi pot haver en el front d’excavació d’un túnel construït amb tuneladora. Les entrades d’aigua sobtades en el túnel constitueixen un problema important perquè poden provocar un col·lapse del túnel que afecti a les estructures superficials. Un mètode per predir les entrades d’aigua en el front de túnel ha estat implementat en el sector de Santa Coloma de la Línia 9 del metro de Barcelona. Per aconseguir-ho es va realitzar una caracterització geològica i geofísica 3D, aquests resultats van ser implementats en un model numèric quasi-3D, on una condició de contorn de front de túnel mòbil ha estat inserida per simular la iteració amb l’aqüífer. El model prediu correctament la variació de nivells piezomètrics i la magnitud de les entrades d’aigua concentrades en les zones de falla i dics. L’adaptació de l’escala del model al túnel i a la connectivitat amb la resta del massís han estat clau per poder quantificar les entrades d’aigua. Aquest mètode permet localitzar les zones perilloses on el dewatering hauria de ser implementat. En tercer lloc, es caracteritzen els impactes hidrogeològics que provoca la construcció d’un túnel construït amb tuneladora. Malgrat que l’efecte dren que acostumen a originar la majoria de túnels es minimitza per l’acció del sosteniment que s’instal·la just després de la maquina, la construcció d’aquesta estructura lineal impermeable pot produir una obstrucció de l’aqüífer o efecte barrera. Es quantifica la variació de gradient abans i desprès de la construcció d’un túnel, això es farà amb mètodes analítics que es comparen amb el canvi de gradient observat. A mes a mes es quantifiquen els canvis de connectivitat que provoca la construcció del túnel comparant la variació de comportament observada en una sèrie d’assaigs de bombeigs realitzats abans i després de la construcció del túnel. Tots aquests enfocaments permeten abordar els principals problemes hidrogeològics que es trobaran els túnels construïts amb tuneladora així com els impactes que provoquen. L’ús de models numèrics esdevé una eina robusta per poder quantificar i predir les entrades d’aigua en el front del túnel i les variacions de nivell provocades pel mateix túnel. El coneixement d’aquests escenaris permetrà trobar les solucions adients o minimitzar les conseqüències de l’acció de medi hidrogeològic sobre el túnel o a l’inrevés.
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au, Tony J. Smith@csiro, i Anthony John Smith. "Periodic forcing of surface water-groundwater interaction : modelling in vertical section". Murdoch University, 1999. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20090617.93320.
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Sinusoidal variations in recharge can induce cyclical flows in surface water and groundwater. In this thesis, such time-dependent flows are explored in a coupled lakeaquifer system. The modelling extends previous steady state results and introduces new flow-visualisation techniques. Local responses in a 2D vertical section are illustrated for lakes within a 1D regional groundwater mound. The theory employs complex variables to decouple the periodic groundwater flows into separate steady state and fluctuating components.
The time dependent behaviour causes the lake-aquifer flow to change between flowthrough, recharge and discharge regimes. Corresponding fluctuations between inflow and outflow across the lakebed allow interchange of lake water with the aquifer (recycling and recapture). This also gives rise to sinuous flowpaths that can result in apparent dispersion; the number and size of waves, cusps and loops is characterised by a nondimensional waviness ratio. Streakline plots are introduced and provide an intuitive impression of the time-dependent groundwater motion. Such plots are enhanced by animation and illustrate the complex and potentially dispersive nature of the flows.
Interplay between the steady state and fluctuating responses determines the type and strength of flow regime transition. Importantly, there is an inverse relationship between head and flow in the fluctuating response. This is characterised by a dimensionless response time; a function of the aquifer geometry, hydraulic properties and period of fluctuation. During fast response, the recharge propagates mainly as fluctuation in flow, with small phase lags; particle trajectories form elliptical paths in the visualised flows. With a slower aquifer response, variation in recharge is manifest mostly as fluctuation in water level; cyclical perturbations in the flows are small and flows are nearly in steady state.
The position of a lake within the regional setting, size of the lake, and ratio of lake to aquifer recharge are important to the steady state response. Flow-through regimes occur throughout the regional setting, but dominate when the lake is lower in the system and groundwater flow is greater. Discharge and recharge regimes occur higher in the flow system, when the ratio of lake to aquifer recharge is large in magnitude.
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Starzyk, Cynthia Ann. "Simulating surface water - groundwater interaction in the Bertrand Creek Watershed, B.C". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42520.
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This research investigates the nature and controls of surface water–groundwater interaction at the watershed scale, and investigates how mechanisms which control this interaction during baseflow conditions might best be represented within an integrated surface-subsurface numerical model. The study site is the 46 km² Bertrand Creek Watershed, which is situated in a glaciated landscape in southern western British Columbia.
A conceptual model of surface water–groundwater interaction along Bertrand Creek is developed based on a field data collection program conducted during the dry seasons of 2006 and 2007. The investigation relies on a suite of field techniques to characterize the nature of the interaction, including hydrologic measurements, stream water chemistry, and point-based measurements of streambed flux. These measurements are complemented by an assessment of topographic slope over the alluvial aquifer to infer the groundwater flow direction. Results indicate that topography adjacent to the stream is a principal control on water exchange between Bertrand Creek and the underlying aquifer. Topography influences the direction of groundwater flow adjacent to the stream and determines the persistence and magnitude of groundwater discharge along the channel.
The conceptual model is used to develop an integrated numerical model of Bertrand Creek Watershed using HydroGeoSphere. HydroGeoSphere is a three-dimensional physics-based model that simulates overland flow, unsaturated flow, and groundwater flow in a fully integrated manner. The watershed model is calibrated using field data collected in 2007, including measured streamflows, groundwater contributions to streamflow, hydraulic heads, soil moisture contents, and change in surface water height in a pond. The calibrated watershed model is then evaluated against, and suitably represents, hydrologic data collected in 2006. Simulating baseflows and the seasonal hydrologic response requires that features controlling the spatial distribution of recharge, such as surficial soils and topography, are adequately characterized and represented within the model. Model results further demonstrate that evapotranspiration, particularly transpiration within the riparian zone, is a significant control of baseflows in Bertrand Creek. Finally, the calibrated model is used as a predictive tool to assess the impact of groundwater withdrawals on streamflow depletion.
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Grapes, Timothy Rupert. "Groundwater-river interaction in a chalk catchment : the River Lambourn, UK". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2004. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4036/.
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Chalk streams are of high ecological value and are dependent upon groundwater discharge to support flows. This study investigates chalk stream-aquifer interaction, focusing on a near-natural catchment; the River Lambourn of the West Berkshire Downs. The topographic catchment of the Lambourn is 234km², principally underlain by Upper Chalk. The river has a perennial length of c.16km, and a 7.5km seasonal section. Temporal dynamics of the recharge-storage-discharge sequence are investigated using linear regression techniques to identify the lag between recharge and discharge. The effective maximum duration of groundwater flow is 9.1 months, which is used with regional hydraulic gradients to calculate a bulk (interfluve) hydraulic conductivity of 114m/d (using Sy=1%), suggesting that interfluve permeability has been historically underestimated. Spatial flow accretion on the Lambourn is defined from 12 reaches (each 1-2km long), exhibiting mean accretion rates between -0.019 and 0.211 cumecs/km. The accretion rate profile approximates a sinusoidal pattern (λ=12km) suggesting a catchment scale litho-structural control. However, local topography and lithology also exert influence. High accretion rate reaches are associated with major dry valley intersections and elevated valley floor permeability, whilst the presence of Chalk Rock at shallow depths restricts local accretion.
Książki na temat "Groundwater Interaction"
1
Nachiappan, Rm P. Study of lake Nainital, groundwater interaction using isotope techniques. Roorkee: National Institute of Hydrology, 1999.
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Avery, Charles. Interaction of ground water with the Rock River near Byron, Illinois. Urbana, Ill: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1994.
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A, Morrow C., Byerlee J. D i Geological Survey (U.S.), red. Fluid-rock interaction and fracture development in 'crystalline' rock types. [Denver, Colo.? : Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey: [Books and Open-File Reports Section, distributor, 1987.
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A, Morrow C., Byerlee J. D i Geological Survey (U.S.), red. Fluid-rock interaction and fracture development in 'crystalline' rock types. [Denver, Colo.? : Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey: [Books and Open-File Reports Section, distributor, 1987.
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A, Morrow C., Byerlee J. D i Geological Survey (U.S.), red. Fluid-rock interaction and fracture development in 'crystalline' rock types. [Denver, Colo.? : Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey: [Books and Open-File Reports Section, distributor, 1987.
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Interest group interaction and groundwater policy formation in the Southwest. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1985.
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Friesz, Paul J. Pond-aquifer interaction at South Pond of Lake Cochituate, Natick, Massachusetts. Northborough, Mass: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.
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Friesz, Paul J. Pond-aquifer interaction at South Pond of Lake Cochituate, Natick, Massachusetts. Northborough, Mass: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.
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Friesz, Paul J. Pond-aquifer interaction at South Pond of Lake Cochituate, Natick, Massachusetts. Northborough, Mass: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.
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Friesz, Paul J. Pond-aquifer interaction at South Pond of Lake Cochituate, Natick, Massachusetts. Northborough, Mass: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Groundwater Interaction"
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Karamouz, Mohammad, Azadeh Ahmadi i Masih Akhbari. "Surface Water and Groundwater Interaction". W Groundwater Hydrology, 491–542. Second edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, [2020]: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429265693-8.
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Kohno, Ichiro, Frans B. J. Barends, Ashim Das Gupta i Makoto Nishigaki. "Interaction between the Groundwater and Geomechanics". W Groundwater Updates, 481–84. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68442-8_91.
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Harada, Morihiro, Mohamed M. Hantush i Miguel A. Marino. "Hydraulic Analysis on Stream-Aquifer Interaction by Storage Function Models". W Groundwater Updates, 229–34. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68442-8_38.
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Das, Prerona, Abhijit Mukherjee, Atrayee Haldar, Ashok Shaw i Mrinal Kanti Layek. "Ganges Groundwater Interaction at Varanasi". W Riverine Systems, 57–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87067-6_3.
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Morita, Masaru, i Ben Chie Yen. "Study on Interaction between Surface and Subsurface Flows using Conjunctive Flow Model". W Groundwater Updates, 265–70. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68442-8_44.
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Frolov, A. P., i I. O. Yushmanov. "Interaction between Fresh Groundwater and Salt Sea Water in Heterogeneous Freshwater Coastal Aquifer". W Groundwater Updates, 223–28. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68442-8_37.
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Parker, A., J. E. Rae i J. L. A. Long. "Heterogeneity in sandy aquifers: Potential effects upon groundwater quality". W Water-Rock Interaction, 419–22. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203734049-104.
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Novák, Viliam, i Hana Hlaváčiková. "Interaction of Groundwater and Soil Water". W Applied Soil Hydrology, 171–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01806-1_12.
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Edmunds, W. Mike. "Geochemical indicators in the groundwater environment of rapid environmental change". W Water-Rock Interaction, 3–8. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203734049-2.
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Long, J. L. A., A. Parker i J. E. Rae. "Prediction of changes in groundwater quality: The significance of leaching tests". W Water-Rock Interaction, 415–18. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203734049-103.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenia konferencji na temat "Groundwater Interaction"
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Ramdhan, A., A. Arifin i R. Suwarman. "Assessing Groundwater-Citarum River Interaction and Groundwater Contribution to Flooding". W NSG2021 27th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202120067.
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Shesterkin, V. P., i I. V. Kostomarova. "GROUNDWATER HYDROCHEMISTRY OF THE BOTCHI RIVER BASIN". W The Geological Evolution of the Water-Rock Interaction. Buryat Scientific Center of SB RAS Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31554/978-5-7925-0536-0-2018-207-209.
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Besancon, James, Rudolph Hon, Daniel J. Brabander, Maria Waller i Kathleen W. Gilbert. "A CONSTRUCTED POND AND ITS INTERACTION WITH GROUNDWATER". W 53rd Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018ne-311372.
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Munir, S., A. Mashiatullah i S. Mehmood. "Using Geochemical Techniques to Study Surface/Groundwater Interaction". W 74th EAGE Conference and Exhibition incorporating EUROPEC 2012. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20148910.
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Kamei, G., W. R. Alexander, I. D. Clark, P. Degnan, M. Elie, H. Khoury, A. E. Milodowski, A. F. Pitty, E. Salameh i J. A. T. Smellie. "Natural Analogues of Cement: Overview of the Unique Systems in Jordan". W ASME 2010 13th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2010-40063.
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In many radioactive waste repository designs, cement-based materials are expected to dominate the repository and models of cement evolution predict that leaching of the cementitious material in the repository by groundwater will produce an initial stage of hyperalkaline (pH∼13.3) leachates, dominated by alkali hydroxides, followed by a longer period of portlandite and C-S-H (CaO-SiO2-H2O) buffered (pH∼12.5) leachates. It has also been predicted that, as the hyperalkaline porewater leaches out of the near-field, significant interaction with the repository host rock and bentonite buffer and backfill may occur. This could possibly lead to deterioration of those features for which the host rock formation and bentonite were originally chosen (e.g. low groundwater flux, high radionuclide retardation capacity etc). The precise implications of cement leachate/repository host rock interaction has been studied in the laboratory and in underground research laboratories (URLs) and this work has been supported by study of natural cements in Jordan. These natural cements have been produced by the combustion of organic-rich clay biomicrites and are very close analogues of industrial cement. Following interaction with groundwaters, natural hyperalkaline leachates are produced and these move out of the cement into the surrounding host rock, subsequently interacting with and altering it.
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Dezso, Jozsef. "RANDOMLY LAYERED FLUVIAL SEDIMENTS INFLUENCED GROUNDWATER-SURFACE WATER INTERACTION". W 17th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2017h/33/s12.041.
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McQueen, Bronson, Elizabeth A. Avery, Junfeng Zhu, Alan Fryar i Andrea M. Erhardt. "USING GEOCHEMICAL METHODS TO TRACE GROUNDWATER/SURFACE WATER INTERACTION". W GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-339725.
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Darul, A., D. E. Irawan i N. J. Trilaksono. "Groundwater and river water interaction on Cikapundung River: Revisited". W THE 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENCES. AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4930778.
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Summerford, Billy, i Laura Suzanne Ruhl. "GROUNDWATER-SURFACE WATER INTERACTION ALONG COLEMAN CREEK, LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS". W GSA Connects 2021 in Portland, Oregon. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021am-368764.
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Lepokurova, O. E. "MIGRATION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN GROUNDWATER-TRAVERTINS SYSTEM (SOUTH OF TOMSK REGION)". W The Geological Evolution of the Water-Rock Interaction. Buryat Scientific Center of SB RAS Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31554/978-5-7925-0536-0-2018-118-121.
Pełny tekst źródłaRaporty organizacyjne na temat "Groundwater Interaction"
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Peterson, Robert E. Zone of Interaction Between Hanford Site Groundwater and Adjacent Columbia River. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), październik 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/787967.
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Peterson, Robert E., i Michael P. Connelly. Zone of Interaction Between Hanford Site Groundwater and Adjacent Columbia River. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), październik 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/965723.
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Campbell, M. D. Monitoring groundwater and river interaction along the Hanford reach of the Columbia River. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), kwiecień 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10142634.
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Provencher, S. K., B. Mayer i S. E. Grasby. Aqueous geochemistry of the Englishman River Watershed, Parksville, British Columbia for use in assessment of potential surface water-groundwater interaction. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/292678.
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Brewer, K. D. Water level data from the Bells Corners Borehole Calibration Facility (2019-2021), Ottawa, Ontario. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330087.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The Geological Survey of Canada's deep borehole test site at the Bells Corners Borehole Calibration Facility in Ottawa, Ontario, has been in use since the 1980's for the development and calibration of geophysical logging instrumentation. In more recent times, the need for monitored deep borehole sites in Canada is increasingly important for long-term research into groundwater flow through fractured bedrock, and surface to groundwater interaction. In 2019, the facility underwent repairs to reopen deep boreholes, replace surface casings, and install atmospheric monitoring equipment. This report documents new groundwater level datasets in three of the six boreholes in the well cluster from March 2019 to October 2021. The compilation also integrates rainfall and air temperature data from a rain gauge installed on the site which provides insight into the rapid response times of this fractured bedrock system. This new water level information augments the growing number of datasets supporting the ongoing study of hydrogeological conditions at the calibration facility.
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PETERSEN SW. TECHNICAL EVALUATION OF THE INTERACTION OF GROUNDWATER WITH THE COLUMBIA RIVER AT THE DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY HANFORD SITE 100-D AREA. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), listopad 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/943297.
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Chefetz, Benny, i Jon Chorover. Sorption and Mobility of Pharmaceutical Compounds in Soils Irrigated with Treated Wastewater. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7592117.bard.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Research into the fate of pharmaceutical compounds (PCs) in the environment has focused on aspects of removal efficiency during sewage treatment, degradation in surface water and accumulation in soils and sediments. However, very little information is available on the binding interactions of pharmaceuticals with dissolved organic matter (DOM) originating from wastewater treatment. Such interactions can significantly affect the transport potential of PCs in soils by altering compound affinity for soil particle surfaces. Our primary hypothesis is that the transport potential of PCs in soils is strongly impacted by the type and strength of interaction with DOM and the stability of resulting DOM-PC complexes. The overarching goal of the proposed work is to develop a better understanding of the risk associated with introduction of PCs into the environment with treated wastewater. This goal has been achieved by elucidating the mechanisms of the interaction of selected pharmaceuticals (that have shown to be widespread wastewater contaminants) with DOM constituents; by determining the stability and fate of DOM-PC complexes introduced to soils and soil constituents; and by evaluating the potential uptake of these compounds by plants. Based on the results obtained in this study (column and batch sorption-desorption experiments), we suggest that PCs can be classified as slow-mobile compounds in SOM-rich soil layers. When these compounds pass this layer and/or are introduced into SOM-poor soils, their mobility increases significantly. Our data suggest that in semiarid soils (consisting of low SOM), PCs can potentially be transported to the groundwater in fields irrigated with reclaimed wastewater. Moreover, the higher mobility of the acid PCs (i.e., naproxen and diclofenac) in freshwater column systems suggests that their residues in soils irrigated with reclaimed wastewater can leach from the root zone and be transported to the groundwater after rain events. Our data obtained from the binding experiments of PCs with DOM demonstrate that the hydrophobic DOM fractions were more efficient at sorbing PCs than the more polar hydrophilic fractions at a pH near the pKa of the analytes. At the pH of natural semiarid water and soil systems, including that of reclaimed wastewater and biosolids, the role of the hydrophobic fractions as sorption domains is less important than the contribution of the hydrophilic fractions. We also hypothesize that the DOM fractions interact with each other at the molecular level and do not act as independent sorption domains. In summary, our data collected in the BARD project demonstrate that the sorption abilities of the DOM fractions can also significantly affect the mobility of pharmaceutical compounds in soils influenced by intensive irrigation with treated wastewater or amended with biosolids.
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Chefetz, Benny, i Jon Chorover. Sorption and Mobility of Pharmaceutical Compounds in Soils Irrigated with Treated Wastewater. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7709883.bard.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Research into the fate of pharmaceutical compounds (PCs) in the environment has focused on aspects of removal efficiency during sewage treatment, degradation in surface water and accumulation in soils and sediments. However, very little information is available on the binding interactions of pharmaceuticals with dissolved organic matter (DOM) originating from wastewater treatment. Such interactions can significantly affect the transport potential of PCs in soils by altering compound affinity for soil particle surfaces. Our primary hypothesis is that the transport potential of PCs in soils is strongly impacted by the type and strength of interaction with DOM and the stability of resulting DOM-PC complexes. The overarching goal of the proposed work is to develop a better understanding of the risk associated with introduction of PCs into the environment with treated wastewater. This goal has been achieved by elucidating the mechanisms of the interaction of selected pharmaceuticals (that have shown to be widespread wastewater contaminants) with DOM constituents; by determining the stability and fate of DOM-PC complexes introduced to soils and soil constituents; and by evaluating the potential uptake of these compounds by plants. Based on the results obtained in this study (column and batch sorption-desorption experiments), we suggest that PCs can be classified as slow-mobile compounds in SOM-rich soil layers. When these compounds pass this layer and/or are introduced into SOM-poor soils, their mobility increases significantly. Our data suggest that in semiarid soils (consisting of low SOM), PCs can potentially be transported to the groundwater in fields irrigated with reclaimed wastewater. Moreover, the higher mobility of the acid PCs (i.e., naproxen and diclofenac) in freshwater column systems suggests that their residues in soils irrigated with reclaimed wastewater can leach from the root zone and be transported to the groundwater after rain events. Our data obtained from the binding experiments of PCs with DOM demonstrate that the hydrophobic DOM fractions were more efficient at sorbing PCs than the more polar hydrophilic fractions at a pH near the pKa of the analytes. At the pH of natural semiarid water and soil systems, including that of reclaimed wastewater and biosolids, the role of the hydrophobic fractions as sorption domains is less important than the contribution of the hydrophilic fractions. We also hypothesize that the DOM fractions interact with each other at the molecular level and do not act as independent sorption domains. In summary, our data collected in the BARD project demonstrate that the sorption abilities of the DOM fractions can also significantly affect the mobility of pharmaceutical compounds in soils influenced by intensive irrigation with treated wastewater or amended with biosolids.
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Vermeul, Vince R., Charles R. Cole, Marcel P. Bergeron, Paul D. Thorne i Signe K. Wurstner. Transient Inverse Calibration of Site-Wide Groundwater Model to Hanford Operational Impacts from 1943 to 1996--Alternative Conceptual Model Considering Interaction with Uppermost Basalt Confined Aquifer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), sierpień 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/787965.
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Vermeul, Vincent R., Charles R. Cole, Marcel P. Bergeron, Paul D. Thorne i Signe K. Wurstner. Transient Inverse Calibration of Site-Wide Groundwater Model to Hanford Operational Impacts from 1943 to 1996--Alternative Conceptual Model Considering Interaction with Uppermost Basalt Confined Aquifer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), sierpień 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/965743.
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