Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Grocery retail”
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1
Koottatep, Pakawkul, i Jinqian Li. "Promotional forecasting in the grocery retail business". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36142.
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Thesis (M. Eng. in Logistics)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 84-85).
Predicting customer demand in the highly competitive grocery retail business has become extremely difficult, especially for promotional items. The difficulty in promotional forecasting has resulted from numerous internal and external factors that affect the demand patterns. It has also resulted from multiple levels of hierarchy that involve different groups in the organization as well as different methods and systems. Moreover, judgments from the forecasters are critical to the accuracy of the forecasts, while the value of tweaking the forecast results is yet to be determined. In this business, the forecasters generally have a high incentive to over-forecast in order to meet the corporate goal of maximizing customer satisfaction. The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the effectiveness of promotional forecasting, identify the factors contributing to forecast accuracy, and propose suggestions for improving forecasts. In light of this objective, we used WMPE and WMAPE as the measures of forecast accuracy, and conducted analysis of promotional forecast accuracy from different point of views.
(cont.) We also verified our results with regression analysis, which helped identify the significance of each forecasting attribute so as to support the promotion planning without compromising forecast accuracy. We suggest several approaches to improve forecast accuracy. First, to improve store forecasts, we recommend three models: the bias correction model, the adaptive bias correction model, and the regression model. Second, to improve replenishment forecasts, we propose a new model that combines the top-down and bottom-up approaches. Lastly, we suggest a framework for measuring accuracy that emphasizes the importance of comparing the accuracy of forecasts generated from systems and from judgments.
by Pakawkul Koottatep and Jinqian Li.
M.Eng.in Logistics
2
Chua, Chin Soon, i Chin Ah Yoo. "Future of grocery retail shopping : challenges and opportunities in e-commerce grocery shopping". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/117990.
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Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2018.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 30-31).
Advancement in technology has potential to significantly disrupt the grocery retail market in the U.S. by channeling sales from offline brick-and-mortar stores such as Walmart and Kroger to online e-retailers such as Amazon, Peapod, FreshDirect, and Instacart. Ecommerce grocery retailers have invested heavily in technology, warehouses, and transportation fleets. However, as of 2016, e-commerce grocery sales still only contributed approximately 3% of the total grocery retail sales in the U.S. This thesis first identifies and explains the obstacles to the expected growth of the e-commerce grocery market, and then introduces strategies for ameliorating these challenges and sustaining competitive advantage.
by Chin Soon Chua and Chin Ah Yoo.
M.B.A.
3
Cetin, Hülya, i Valerie Zachee. "Value Creation Process in the Retail Grocery Chain". Thesis, Jönköping University, Jönköping University, Jönköping University, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-9436.
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Introduction: The retail market in the 21st century will be determined on how quickly and efficiently the retailer can respond to shifts in consumer demands. Due to the physical environment of the store (store value) and the interaction with the consumer (shopping trip value), the local retail store has the advantage of generating this tangible and intangible information. It is then of importance that this information will be transferred towards the retailer, who has the opportunity to use this information and generate it into outputs that can be used as negoitables; this value creation process is an unique success indicator for creating a value network within retail supply chain.
Purpose: The aim of this research is to present an understanding on the value creation process in the grocery retail chain.
Methodology: Having an inductive nature, this thesis tried to bring a new understanding on value creation in grocery retail business, by using hermeneutics as a methodology approach. For empirical study, the qualitative approach was used. Data was collected through open-ended interviews with representatives in grocery retail chains.
Conclusion: The main players in the value network were determined in a grocery retail chain as retailer, local retail store and other stores in the chain; and the suppliers. An intensive value exchange between the retail store and the retailer was found and following that, it was concluded that the retailer converts the value input from the local retail store into tangible and intangible value outputs towards suppliers. Combining the conclusions, the research defines that a value network is existing, but on a very low level. But more to the point, the study shows the importance of value creation by the retail chain, and that creating the possibility to share information about products, in-store experience, consumer knowledge, and consumer requirements is one of the biggest advantage the grocery retail chain has to develop this value network further.
4
Schwank, Adam (Adam Reice). "Grocery-anchored shopping centers : a better retail investment?" Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68176.
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Thesis (S.M. in Real Estate Development)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Real Estate Development in Conjunction with the Center for Real Estate, 2011.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 42).
A very popular hypothesis of late is that grocery-anchored shopping centers perform better and are less risky than other retail investments. This hypothesis is primarily based on three notions: 1) grocery stores are unique in their ability to attract shoppers on a regular basis, often two to three times a week. This provides a grocery-anchored shopping center with consistent traffic that benefits the in-line tenants; 2) Grocery stores represent a non-cyclical business. People need to eat whether the economy is strong or weak, therefore, grocery-anchored shopping centers can rely on a minimum level of traffic regardless of economic conditions; 3) Many retailers have experienced significant sales leakage to the Internet. This has recently led to the concept of replacing large stores with small showrooms. However, the Internet has not impacted the grocery store business as significantly. Although some grocers have attempted to implement online stores, the model has been difficult to implement and unsuccessful. Therefore, many investors view grocery-anchored shopping centers as a hedge to the threat of online shopping faced by other retailers. These three characteristics have led many core investors to allocate capital to grocery-anchored shopping centers since they are viewed as stable and low-risk investments relative to other real estate alternatives. The purpose of this Thesis is to evaluate the performance of grocery-anchored shopping centers relative to other real estate investments, primarily in terms of asset prices and capitalization rates. This Thesis will attempt to determine whether investors pay more for grocery-anchored shopping centers and whether a potential price premium is warranted based on actual performance. This Thesis will also measure the volatility of grocery-anchored shopping center prices compared to other retail and non-retail investments to help determine the relative risk of these investments.
by Adam Schwank.
S.M.in Real Estate Development
5
Vargas, Camilo A. "Universal design of a future grocery retail checkstand". Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24667.
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El-Amir, Ayman M. Ragaa. "Retail brand management : towards modelling the grocery retailer brand from an ethnographic perspective". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/9243.
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As producers of national and international brands, manufacturers and service providers were the focus of brand management literature. However, as retailers have become major players nationally and internationally, managing retailers as brands have become a major challenge. The retailer unique business nature, and managerial needs as well as its ever-changing business environment render managing the retail brand a unique and complex task. For the retail brand to embrace and adapt to its managerial challenges, a multitude of brand management approaches should be employed. However, when addressing retailers as brands, the retail management literature has failed to account for this multiplicity exposing a gap in the literature. To fill this gap, a communal retail brand management model is proposed to help retailers embrace and adapt to their various branding requirements inflicted by their business challenges. To build the model, a common core among the various approaches involved in managing retail brands should be identified so as to simplify, by forming a unified approach, yet maintain the essence of each approach. The holistic, humanitarian and managerial orientations of the concept of organizational culture identify it as the common core and thus act as the backbone on which the model will be built. Since the model will be built through cultural interpretation, the ethnographic tradition of qualitative inquiry is utilized because it provides an emic perspective, which is the best strategy (that consequently provides best tools) for interpreting cultures. Besides, the flexibility of the ethnographic tradition allows the adoption of other qualitative traditions of enquiry to aid in building the model. Thus, the case study tradition is employed to confine the study within the precincts of a single retail brand in order to conduct deep analysis for several stakeholders simultaneously. Additionally, the analytical technique of the grounded theory tradition is employed to capitalize on its systematic ability to form conceptual themes out of raw data that, ultimately, become the model's building blocks. In light of conducting a five-months participant observation study in two grocery stores of a leading supermarket brand in two countries (Sainsbury's stores in the UK and Egypt), the findings revealed that modelling the retail brand culture resembles, metaphorically, a tree. The culture symbols resemble the tree attractive leaves, the rituals & local heroes resemble the supportive trunk, and values resemble the roots that anchor in the soil, which, in turn, resembles the cultures in which the retailer operates. The thesis concludes that the Tree- Model is a road map that guides retailers to build and manage their brand identity and consequently enable them to embrace and adapt to the various branding requirements dictated by their business challenges.
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Ho, Ching-Wei. "International grocery retail branding modelling process for Taiwanese hypermarkets". Thesis, Leeds Beckett University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445604.
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Poole, Rachel Emma. "Competition, saturation and internationalisation in European grocery retail markets". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407007.
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Meeyai, Sutthipong. "Retail agglomeration formats and outshopping in Thai grocery market". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/30981/.
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Thailand has been one of the emerging markets in Asia in recent decades. The pattern of consumers has dramatically changed due to the arrival of various modern retail trade formats. Thai consumers have been shifting from traditional retail formats to modern retail formats and frequently do ‘outshopping’, particularly from rural areas to town centres. This has led to the decline of rural retailers. To improve this situation, the concept of developing retailers in market towns has been adopted. However, it is unclear what form (i.e. store format) this takes and on which factors (store image attributes and customer characteristics) the role depends. This thesis examines the effect of store image attributes and customer characteristics on retail agglomeration format choice for a regular grocery outshopping trip. The conceptual framework is constructed following the stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) model. The concept of store image is applied as the stimulus, and the customer characteristics are proxy variables representing the organism, which lead to the choice decision as the response. The discrete choice model is applied using the mixed logit modelling approach. The choice set includes (1) a traditional agglomeration retail format (TAF), (2) a modern agglomeration retail format (MAF) and (3) a non-agglomeration retail format (NAF). The unit of analysis is a household in a regional city that does grocery shopping regularly. The stratified random sampling divided the population into an urban area and a rural area. Then, a random sample was drawn within each stratum by a simple random sampling − a store format. A systematic random sampling was applied by intercepting each household representative in order to maintain randomness. The chosen area is Nakhon Ratchasima province which is one of the regional cities in north-eastern Thailand. It consists of 2,600,000 people (around 830,000 households) and about 75% of the total population live in a rural area. The total sample consists of 1,521 households. The choice experiment is adopted by a computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) survey. The parameters are estimated using the simulated maximum likelihood approach. The models are built, and then marginal effects are used to examine the effects of store image attributes and customer characteristics to the retail agglomeration format choice. Reliability and validity are tested. The results from the chosen model reveal that increases in seven store image attributes: product quality, customer service, price, travel time, atmosphere, accessibility, and range of products, affect the probability to shop at TAF and MAF with the same degree, while in store attributes have less effect on the probability to shop at NAF. The product quality, customer service level, and price are the most important attributes affecting the retail agglomeration format choice, following by atmosphere, accessibility, and range of products, respectively. The results indicate that consumers in rural areas are likely to shop at TAF and NAF than consumers in urban areas. Older rather than younger customers tend to shop at NAF. Finally, the higher income households have more opportunity to shop at MAF than the lower income households. This study employs the theory of cumulative attraction as theoretical lens of the study. However, this study contributes to the theory by examining further dimensions. The first contribution is to the theory of cumulative attraction by considering a location dimension. It investigates the role of retail agglomeration formats in market towns. The second dimension contributes to retail management by focusing on retail management style as traditional and modern retail formats. Another contribution of this study is the taxonomy of retail agglomeration formats. It indicates how retailers are planned and constructed, to what extent they are managed and marketed, and what their management styles are. This classification system can categorise existing retail formats, e.g. weekend markets, periodic markets, night markets, tourist attraction retail sites, and exhibition retail outlets which cannot be classified by the previous studies. The application of this taxonomy is applied as retail agglomeration formats in this study.
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Nteka, Panzo. "Small Business Owners Strategies in the Retail Grocery Sector". ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5643.
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In Angola, 96.7% of established small businesses fail. Thus, the purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies retail grocery store owners in Angola use to succeed beyond 5 years. The population of the study consisted of 5 retail grocery storeowners who sustained their businesses longer than 5 years in Angola. The conceptual framework for this study was the resource-based view. Face-to-face, semistructured interviews and company documentation review were used to collect data. Yin's 5-phase cycle, which includes (a) compiling, (b) disassembling, (c) reassembling, (d) interpreting, and (e) concluding, was used to find patterns, themes, and categories from the data. Member checking and methodological triangulation were used to ensure credibility. Through thematic analysis, 5 themes emerged: control and monitoring, dedication of the owner, quality staff, regular offer and quality products, and social capital. These themes reflect a common set of strategies that retail grocery storeowners in Angola use to succeed beyond 5 years. The implications for positive social change include the potential to improve the performance of small businesses and reduce business failure rates and unemployment in Angola. Additionally, by sustaining their profitability, small businesses offer a basis for increasing tax revenues, contributing to economic growth of the local economy, and improving people's living standards.
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Pardey, Jens Christian. "Retreat Strategies of International Retail Chains Cases of Divestment from the Polish Grocery Retail Market /". St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/02607810002/$FILE/02607810002.pdf.
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ERTHAL, DANIEL SALDANHA. "PRIVATE LABELS: A BRAZILIAN AND FRENCH GROCERY RETAIL MARKET STUDY". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2007. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=10855@1.
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As marcas próprias (MP`s) despontam como sendo uma das
principais
ferramentas do varejo para seu crescimento e fomentação dos
lucros. Em países
como a França e os EUA elas já representam 36% e 20% das
vendas totais do
varejo supermercadista respectivamente. No Brasil, esse
percentual ainda não
passa de 7%. O intuito deste estudo é realizar um
comparativo entre o mercado
brasileiro e o francês de MP`s verificando as suas
similaridades e diferenças para
analisar as possíveis perspectivas futuras para esse
segmento no Brasil. O
mercado francês foi selecionado por diversas razões dentre
elas por ser um
mercado maduro nesse segmento e pelos dois principais
varejistas brasileiros
serem direta ou indiretamente controlados por franceses. A
literatura sobre o tema
no Brasil ainda é restrita e, em sua maioria, são
direcionados para aspectos sobre a
relação da indústria com o varejo, com poucas referências a
mercados
internacionais como esse paralelo que aqui está sendo
proposto (Brito et al.,
2004). A partir de entrevistas com diretores dos principais
supermercadistas
brasileiros e franceses que representam 85% e 75% de vendas
de MP`s nos
respectivos mercados, foram traçadas as características do
mercado brasileiro e
um comparativo entre os dois mercados. Posteriormente, com
base nos dados
analisados foi delineado um possível cenário futuro das
MP`s no Brasil. Os
resultados indicam que o mercado brasileiro ainda está
subdesenvolvido em
relação ao francês pela evolução do varejo e pelo alto
envolvimento com marcas
pelo consumidor brasileiro. A tendência para o mercado
brasileiro é de se
profissionalizar mais nos próximos anos com uma crescente
aceitação do
consumidor e de desenvolver novas categorias de produtos no
médio e longo
prazo.Private Labels (PL`s) products blunts as being one of the main tools for retailers to grow and to foment their profits. In developed countries such as France and the US, they already represent 36% and 20% of the total grocery retail sales respectively. In Brazil, this percentage still does not exceed 7%. The purpose of this study is to undertake a comparative analysis between the Brazilian and French PL markets verifying their similarities and differences to outline the possible future perspectives for this segment in Brazil. The French retail market has been selected because of the maturity of its market concerning PLs and due to the two main Brazilian grocery retailers being controlled directly or indirectly by French companies. The literature on this topic in Brazil is still limited and, in it`s majority is focused on the industry-retail relationship, with a few references to international markets as it is proposed in this study (Brito et al., 2004). From data collected in personal interviews with top managers of the main Brazilian and French grocery retailers which represent 85% and 75% of PL`s total sales in their markets, an overview of the Brazilian market and a comparison between the two markets has been built. Subsequently, based on the analised data, possible Brazilian PL market scenarios have been outlined. The results show that the Brazilian market is still underdeveloped when compared to the French one due to the Brazilian market History and to the high involvment with brands by Brazilian consumers. The perspective concerning the Brazilian market in the near future is to professionalize itself, with an increase in consumer acceptance and to develop new product categories in the medium and long term.
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Acuna, Katherine Louise 1960. "Retail pricing of grocery stores in the Tucson metropolitan area". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276833.
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This study employs three ordinary least squares regression equations to analyze retail grocery store prices. The grocery stores studied were from the Tucson metropolitan area. The price data collected consisted of a typical market basket purchased in this market. Different price categories were analyzed in order to determine the relevance of interstore comparisons between two different brand categories, national brand and cheapest brand categories. Grocery prices for the two brands were tested to determine if the organization of retail grocery stores (chain and independents), location of the store, store neighborhood average income, and size (in square feet) of the grocery store affected price.
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Mustapha, Olasunkanmi Sola. "Strategies to Reduce High Employee Turnover in Retail Grocery Store". ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6629.
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Employee turnover costs an employer 21% of the employee's salary for replacement at all levels except for executives and physicians. The purpose of this single case study was to explore strategies to reduce high employee turnover in the retail grocery store, with the use of Maslow's motivational theory as the conceptual framework. Participants were selected based on their demonstrated use of successful strategies to reduce high employee turnover. Data were collected using semistructured interview with 3 managers in a retail grocery store chain in the south-central region of the United States. Observations were conducted company's documents such as policy handbooks, newsletters, financial statements, and annual reports were analyzed. Data were analyzed using Yin's 5-phase elements of data analysis: compile, disassemble, reassemble, clarify, conclude. The themes identified in the study included environmental strategies, availabilities of employees, sources of hiring, and team building to improve work performance. Organizational leaders could improve positive social change through effective strategies to reduce high employee turnover in the retail grocery store and increase employment. Reducing employee turnover rate and increasing employment could help to change many family settings, decrease mortality rates, and increase community economy.
15
Butkeviciute, D. "Consumer preferences & loyalty discounts : the case of UK grocery retail". Thesis, City, University of London, 2017. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/19171/.
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This thesis re-examines a common assumption entering theoretical models of endogenous switching costs. Through a discrete choice experiment we test the hypothesis that consumers are heterogeneous in the way they respond when firms offer repeat purchase discounts through loyalty schemes. The assumption itself is important because in practice, heterogeneity in consumer switching costs holds implications for firms’ strategies and their resultant market shares. This thesis presents a flexible methodology for a discrete choice experiment inspired by the UK groceries sector using novel techniques in D-efficient experimental survey design. When fitting the data to the mixed logit model, we find that consumers’ taste varies significantly more for loyalty schemes than for any of the other variables entering the model. The results of our discrete choice experiment show that consumers differ significantly in how they respond to repeat purchase discount strategies. On this basis, it is likely that theoretical models of loyalty schemes overemphasise the effects of loyalty schemes on price competition. We argue instead, that a repeat purchase discount strategy will not result in a unilateral increase in artificial switching costs for all consumers in the market. We propose that forward looking firms are likely to recognise the limitations to scheme effectiveness due to heterogeneity in switching costs and will be more likely to invest in their customer base through future lower prices. Therefore from a competition policy perspective, we argue that in a fast paced retail market for non-durable goods, loyalty schemes are more likely to intensify competition for the benefit of consumers rather than act as an exclusionary device.
16
Aleruchi, Thankgod Chukwumeka. "Strategies to Minimize Perishable Food Loss in the Retail Grocery Business". ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6505.
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Supply chain managers in the retail grocery industry face significant challenges in reducing the wastage of perishable food. Perishable food spoilage and deterioration in the retail grocery industry result in a significant loss of profitability and consumer satisfaction. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore the strategies that supply chain managers in the retail grocery business used to minimize perishable food loss. The perishable inventory theory was used as the conceptual framework. Data were collected from semistructured interviews with 6 Pennsylvania retail grocery supply chain managers who implemented strategies to minimize perishable food loss and from organizational documents. Data analysis was carried out using Yin's 5-step process of compiling, disassembling, reassembling, interpreting, and concluding data. The 3 emergent themes resulting from data analysis were inventory strategy, logistics and deliveries strategy, and information technology strategy. Member checking occurred after transcription and summarization of the interview data. The findings indicated that supply chain managers use first-in-first-out approaches to inventory management, rotation, replenishment, information sharing, and on-time purchasing to minimize perishable food loss. The findings and recommendations of this study might be valuable to supply chain management and retail grocery leaders to create strategic solutions to mitigate the loss of perishable food. The findings of this study might contribute to positive social change through the reduction of perishable food loss, an increased supply of food, lower retail prices to the consumer, and improved customer satisfaction.
17
Lucky, Jr William D. "What Makes Online Grocers Work? A Case Study Analysis of Factors Contributing to Online Grocery Store Profitability". FIU Digital Commons, 2008. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/194.
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This research examined the factors contributing to the performance of online grocers prior to, and following, the 2000 dot.com collapse. The primary goals were to assess the relationship between a company’s business model(s) and its performance in the online grocery channel and to determine if there were other company and/or market related factors that could account for company performance. To assess the primary goals, a case based theory building process was utilized. A three-way cross-case analysis comprising Peapod, GroceryWorks, and Tesco examined the common profit components, the structural category (e.g., pure-play, partnership, and hybrid) profit components, and the idiosyncratic profit components related to each specific company. Based on the analysis, it was determined that online grocery store business models could be represented at three distinct, but hierarchically, related levels. The first level was termed the core model and represented the basic profit structure that all online grocers needed in order to conduct operations. The next model level was termed the structural model and represented the profit structure associated with the specific business model configuration (i.e., pure-play, partnership, hybrid). The last model level was termed the augmented model and represented the company’s business model when idiosyncratic profit components were included. In relation to the five company related factors, scalability, rate of expansion, and the automation level were potential candidates for helping to explain online grocer performance. In addition, all the market structure related factors were deemed possible candidates for helping to explain online grocer performance. The study concluded by positing an alternative hypothesis concerning the performance of online grocers. Prior to this study, the prevailing wisdom was that the business models were the primary cause of online grocer performance. However, based on the core model analysis, it was hypothesized that the customer relationship activities (i.e., advertising, promotions, and loyalty program tie-ins) were the real drivers of online grocer performance.
18
Kayhan, Erhan, i Leo Rönnbäck. "Dynamics in the Swedish Grocery Retail Industry : The current landscape, challenges and levers in distribution for Swedish grocery retailers". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264217.
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There is a significant transformation taking place in today’s retail landscape with the increasing adoption of digital technologies in society. Customers are finding new purchasing habits and retailers are exploring different channels to serve customers in. Observations indicate that the industry is heading towards an omni-channel landscape where retailers aim to provide customers with a unified shopping experience across channels and touchpoints as e-commerce rapidly penetrates the market. Currently, all growth for durable goods is attributable to online sales in Sweden, yet Swedish online grocery retailing has been lagging and still only constitute 2 percent of the total market share. A qualitative study was conducted to map out the challenges and levers for Swedish grocery retailers in distribution . Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 18 store managers from the three largest grocery store chains in Sweden. The study elicits a framework for firm controlled factors which define customer experience: price, promotion, merchandise, supply chain and location.Det sker en betydande omvandling i dagens detaljhandelslandskap. Konsumenter hittar nya köpvanor och återförsäljare undersöker olika kanaler för att betjäna kunder i. Iakttagelser indikerar att branschen är på väg mot ett omni-kanal landskap där återförsäljare söker att ge kunderna en enhetlig shoppingupplevelse genom alla försäljningskanaler. Idag är all tillväxt för sällanköpsvaror hänförlig till onlineförsäljning i Sverige, men den svenska dagligvaruhandeln på nätet har legat efter och utgör fortfarande bara 2 procent av den totala marknadsandelen. En kvalitativ studie genomfördes för att kartlägga utmaningar och möjligheter i distribution för svenska dagligvaruhandlare. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med 18 butikschefer från de tre största livsmedelskedjorna i Sverige. Studien använder ett ramverk som kapslar in faktorer som kan kontrolleras av företaget och som tillsammans formar kundupplevelsen: pris, kampanjer, sortiment, logistikkedja och plats.
19
Giulietti, Monica. "Retail pricing in the Italian grocery industry : a theoretical and empirical analysis". Thesis, University of Warwick, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308586.
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Ngemegwai, Ogechi U. "Strategies for Reducing Short-Tenured Employee Attrition in the Retail Grocery Industry". Thesis, Walden University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10826190.
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The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies that managers in the retail grocery industry use in reducing short-tenured employee attrition in the West Midland states in the United Kingdom. Participants were 4 store managers who had managerial experience in the retail grocery industry, worked as a retail store manager in the West Midlands, and had experience implementing effective strategies to reduce employee attrition. The Herzberg 2-factor theory was the conceptual framework. Semistructured interviews were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using Yin’s 5-step data analysis process. The major themes were: training and development, enriched job responsibility, human resources intervention, and employee recognition. Participants relied on training and development, enriched job responsibility, human resources intervention and, employee recognition to reduce employee attrition. The results may provide retail grocery leaders with strategies for reducing short-tenured employee attrition in grocery stores, which may reduce adverse effects on the industry’s profitability. Implications for positive social change include improving the quality of life of the community and citizens; improved levels of satisfaction in quality of life translate into developing and maintaining positive relationships with family and friends, as well as helping the local communities and the economy.
21
Ngemegwai, Ogechi. "Strategies for Reducing Short-Tenured Employee Attrition in the Retail Grocery Industry". ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5384.
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The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies that managers in the retail grocery industry use in reducing short-tenured employee attrition in the West Midland states in the United Kingdom. Participants were 4 store managers who had managerial experience in the retail grocery industry, worked as a retail store manager in the West Midlands, and had experience implementing effective strategies to reduce employee attrition. The Herzberg 2-factor theory was the conceptual framework. Semistructured interviews were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using Yin's 5-step data analysis process. The major themes were: training and development, enriched job responsibility, human resources intervention, and employee recognition. Participants relied on training and development, enriched job responsibility, human resources intervention and, employee recognition to reduce employee attrition. The results may provide retail grocery leaders with strategies for reducing short-tenured employee attrition in grocery stores, which may reduce adverse effects on the industry's profitability. Implications for positive social change include improving the quality of life of the community and citizens; improved levels of satisfaction in quality of life translate into developing and maintaining positive relationships with family and friends, as well as helping the local communities and the economy.
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Tong, Wai-yan Christine. "Documenting the historical and spatial significance of Wing Woo grocery and provisional shop". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42189214.
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Yadav, Arvind. "A longitudinal study of competition and performance in the UK grocery retail industry". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2008. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8110.
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The grocery retailing industry is a key sector of the UK economy, accounting for 16% of consumer expenditure. As such developments in this sector will have an important effect on UK economic and social welfare. Arguably, competition in the sector has intensified in the last two decades. Yet significant consolidation in the sector has put it under the spotlight of the UK competition authorities. Previous research analysing factors affecting the performance and positioning of UK grocery retailers has tended to be restricted to a limited time period and a small sample size. This study extends this research by investigating industry evolution and factors affecting performance and industry structure with longitudinal panel data, covering a two-decade time period. The sample used covers a wide variety of grocery retailers with a range of different attributes over a significant period in the development of the industry, running from 1985 through to 2003. Strategic group theory is employed to study industry evolution and examine the effects of strategic positioning on performance. Specifically, fixed-effect panel econometric models are estimated at different levels of aggregation to analyse firm, industry and strategic group effects on the performance of retailers. Also, stochastic frontier models, in the form of Cobb-Douglas and Transcendental Logarithmic functions, are estimated at different levels of aggregation to analyse the efficiency of retailers in the sector. The results from cluster analysis on strategic groups suggest that industry structure is likely to become more concentrated, and the size of retailers will be a significant mobility barrier in the industry. The profitability analysis finds industry level factors and strategic group composition to be crucial in explaining performance differences. The efficiency analysis finds large retailers exhibiting economies of scale through operating large store formats to be significantly better positioned from smaller-format retailers with fewer outlets. Consistent and significant time dummies demonstrate the favourable macro environment enjoyed by the retailers for much of the 1990s. The analysis reveals potentially useful insights for retail managers, especially concerning the importance of positioning in the industry and the choice of strategic orientation. More generally, the study opens up further possibilities for future studies of performance and efficiency measurement over an even longer time as the sector continues to develop and shape the way consumers shop in the UK.
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Donovan, Pamela S. "Joint replenishment and supply chain actions in the retail grocery industry two essays /". College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3968.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.Thesis research directed by: Business and Management. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Holten, Camilla, i Victoria Behumi. "The Effects of Technology-Based Self-Service on Grocery Retail : A Swedish Case". Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2702.
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Technology based self-service (TBSS) used in supermarket self-scanning checkouts is a relatively new phenomenon in Sweden. Studies on TBSS as a self- checkout device have been formerly carried out but with focus on the customer perspective. The authors therefore saw a challenge in covering the self-scan checkout concept, from a company perspective. The purpose of this research paper is to investigate, through a management perspective, the changes brought about by implementing an innovative TBSS system in Swedish supermarkets, and its effect on the competitiveness of the company. This is done by presenting and linking the theoretical framework and empirical study in the research. The theoretical framework of the paper includes the following topics: role and importance of innovation in a business context and TBSS as innovation as well as product life cycle connected to innovation; competitive advantage theory and complementary concepts, value chain theory, and finally the importance of customer relationship management in the ‘new’ self-service economy. The empirical study consists of two Swedish supermarkets in the city of Linköping, Coop Forum and ICA Maxi. Results of the research paper mainly include the following: Changes brought about by implementing technology-based self-service systems in supermarkets must be discussed in the view of short-term and long- term perspectives separately. Changes involve the value creating activities of supermarkets and include increased quality of services to customers. It has been further found that TBSS can add to the competitiveness of supermarkets. However, positive financial results can only be expected in the long-term which in the case of Swedish supermarkets offering TBSS services is not yet apparent. The empirical findings have shown that Coop Forum and ICA Maxi had to carry out changes and make adjustments to their value activities and customer relationship management in order to operate TBSS checkouts successfully. Competitiveness between them has been also affected due to the TBSS service offering.
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Fyfe, Clare. "The changing nature of supply chain management in the European grocery retail sector". Thesis, University of Abertay Dundee, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338544.
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Grudzien, Piotr. "Comparative Analysis of Energy Intensity and Profitability in Emerging E-Grocery Retail Models". Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-278013.
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The supermarkets account for approximately 3% - 4% of the electricity consumption in the industrialisedcountries which makes them one of the main contributors to climate change. Food retail, similarly toother energy intensive industries requires deep changes that would reduce its negative environmentalfootprint. Online grocery (e-grocery), recording three-digit growth globally in the times of COVID-19pandemic, has the potential to disrupt the market and bring opportunities for energy intensity reduction.Brick & mortar retailers adapting to this trend not only experience technical challenges with orderfulfilment and last-mile logistics, but also they struggle to achieve profitability of e-grocery. Therefore,there is a need for guidance in this transformation. This thesis aims to help retailers choose the leastenergy intensive and profitable e-grocery configuration by comparing the emerging fulfilment models(in-store, omni store, dark store) and last-mile delivery options (click & collect, home delivery).The scope of this thesis includes a literature and market review, where an overview of e-grocery market,logistics, technologies, energy intensity and economics is given. The review is followed by methodologyexplaining the tools and assumptions used for analyses. Then, energy intensity analysis is performed whereenergy intensity per order is calculated using CyberMart software for three fulfilment models and twodelivery options. After that, the operating costs and profitability of e-grocery models is analysed. Finally,the results from analyses are discussed, concluded and recommendations for the retailers are given.The results of this thesis suggest that e-grocery may indeed reduce energy intensity of food retail but theenergy consumption has little impact on the operational costs of the e-grocers. Labour fulfilment andorder delivery costs optimisation play the biggest role in achieving profitability of online retail. Thus, it isrecommended that the retailers, along with the growing penetration of e-grocery, develop automatedfulfilment and click & collect solutions that would reduce the operational costs and allow for anincremental, yet future-proof adaptation to the e-grocery revolution.Stormarknaderna står för cirka 3% - 4% av elförbrukningen i de industrialiserade länderna, vilket gör demtill en av de främsta orsakerna till klimatförändringarna. Livsmedelsbutiker kräver, på liknande sätt somandra energikrävande industrier, stora förändringar som kan minska dess negativa miljöpåverkan.E-handel av livsmedel, som har registrerat tresiffrig tillväxt globalt under tiderna förCOVID-19-pandemin, har potential att störa marknaden och ge möjligheter till minskning avenergiintensitet.Traditionell verksamhet som anpassar sig till denna trend upplever inte bara tekniska utmaningar medorderhantering och leverans till slutkund, utan de kämpar också för att uppnå lönsamhet. Därför finns detbehov av vägledning i denna omvandling. Denna avhandling syftar till att hjälpa återförsäljare att välja deminst energikrävande och lönsamma alternativen för e-handel av livsmedel genom att jämföra de nyamodellerna för orderhantering (in-store, omni store, dark store) och leveransalternativ till slutkund (click& collect, hemleverans).Avhandlingen omfattar en litteratur- och marknadsstudie, där en överblick ges över e-handel av livsmedel,logistik, teknik, energiintensitet och ekonomi. Studien följs av ett avsnitt om metodik som förklararverktyg och antaganden som används för analysen. Därefter utförs en analys av energiintensitet därenergiintensitet per order beräknas med hjälp av programvaran CyberMart för tre modeller förorderhantering och två leveransalternativ. Därefter analyseras driftskostnaderna och lönsamheten förmodeller för e-handel av livsmedel. Slutligen diskuteras resultaten från analyserna ochrekommendationerna till detaljhandlarna presenteras.Resultaten av denna avhandling tyder på att e-handel av livsmedel verkligen kan minskaenergianvändningen i livsmedelsindustrin men energiförbrukningen har liten inverkan pådriftskostnaderna för e-handlarna. Att optimera arbetet för orderhantering och kostnaden för leveransspelar störst roll för att uppnå lönsamhet för e-handeln. Det rekommenderas därför att detaljhandlarna,tillsammans med den växande andelen av e-handel, utvecklar automatiserad lösningar för orderhanteringoch click & collect som skulle minska driftskostnaderna och möjliggöra en stegvis, men ändåframtidssäker anpassning till e-handeln av livsmedel.
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Biznár, Filip. "Development and outlook of online grocery retail in the Czech Republic and beyond". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193050.
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The aim of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive understanding of successful strategies in retail trade, overview of the Czech online grocery retail market and provide recommendations how to succeed in this market. This diploma thesis is intended to help established big grocery retailers, start-ups venturing into the online grocery retail and prospective investors into such start-ups understand the Czech online grocery market. First, we provide a summary of the major developments in the history of retail trade and e-commerce accompanied by several business strategy frameworks proposed by academics for achieving success in these two markets. Second, we define online grocery retail with its different business formats, analyse strategies used across the world and the biggest challenges of this business. Third, we provide an overview of the Czech grocery retail market, both store based and online based. Fourth, we present our findings from our customer survey and form our recommendations based on the findings of the whole thesis. The main contribution of this thesis is in providing an integrated understanding of the Czech online grocery retail market.
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Swahn, Johan. "If I can taste it, I want it... : sensory marketing in grocery retail stores". Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Restaurang- och hotellhögskolan - Grythytte Akademi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-16370.
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Avhandlingen syftar till att undersöka hur man kan utveckla ett kognitivt baserat sensoriskt språk för olika produkter i detaljhandel och därefter använda det i marknadsföringen i butiksledet. Vidare undersökts om denna marknadsföring har någon effekt på konsumenternas val av produkt. Inom forskningsprocessen, tvärvetenskapligprocess, används metodik och teorier inom sensorik, lingvistik (semantik) och marknadsföring (konsumentbeteende). I en sensorisk studie jämfördes en tränad sensorisk panel och en grupp konsumenters förmåga att beskriva och analysera olika produkters sensoriska egenskaper. Resultatet visade på att de två gruppernas beskrivningar av de olika produkterna var relativt överensstämmande. Att beskriva smak verbalt anses som relativt svårt och komplext. Baserat på det sensoriska resultatet analyserades egenskapsorden ytterligare utifrån ett lingvistiskt perspektiv, semantik. Den semantiska analysen, empiriska resultat och teori, påvisade en möjlighet att utvinna värdefulla attribut från mer diffusa attribut, t.ex. ”nötig smak” – som kan härledas från sort, e.g. ”mandel” som i sin tur innefattar olika egenskaper i form a smak, doft, textur etc. För att ta reda på om de sensoriska beskrivningarna hade någon effekt på konsumenternas beteende och val i butik genomfördes två empiriska studier. Konsumenternas val av produkt i butik studerades utifrån olika variabler; sensoriska beskrivningar, sensoriska och semantiska beskrivningar, sortnamn, pris, och smak preferens. Resultatet visade att de sensoriska beskrivningarna påverkade konsumenternas val av produkt, t.ex. när bara sort namn kommunicerades var man benägen att välja en känd sort, men när man använde sig av sensoriska beskrivningar skiftade konsumenternas val och de var inte längre styrda av det mer välkända sortnamnet. Vidare visade det sig att konsumenterna vara mindre priskänslig när sensoriska beskrivningar visades. Konklusion: Användningen av ett sensoriskt språk i marknadsföringen av de undersökta livsmedlen påverkade konsumenternas val av produkt i butik samt att konsumenterna tenderade till att vara mindre priskänslig när sensoriska beskrivningar användes.Denna avhandling är ett resultat av ett forskningsprojekt med arbetstiteln ”Det sensoriska språket-ett marknadsföringsverktyg” vars syfte var att utveckla ett sensoriska språk för frukt och grönsaker för att se om detta språk i marknadsföringen kan påverka konsumenternas preferens, val, av olika livsmedel i detaljhandeln.Forskningsprojektet var ett samarbetsprojekt mellan Örebro universitet, Restaurang- och hotellhögskolan, Grythytte Akademi och ICA Sverige AB med delfinansiering av Kunskaps & Kompetensstiftelsen. Forskargruppen bestod av:Professor emerita Inga-Britt Gustafsson, Örebro universitetDocent Åsa Öström, Örebro universitetProfessor Lena Mossberg, Handelshögskolan i GöteborgFil.Dr. Ulf Larsson, Örebro universitetLisbeth Kohls, ICA Sverige AB
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Barron, Mary L. "Organizations, labor control processes, and emotional labor : the case of the retail grocery trade /". Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06162009-063633/.
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Hallsworth, A. G. "Some welfare determinants of the impact of large-scale grocery stores : A case study of South Hampshire". Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377556.
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Expenditure on food is a major item of the budget of British households. For low income households it may be the single largest expenditure category. It follows from this that there are major welfare implications in the placement of the retail stores from which foodstuffs may be bought. This issue has been a topic of debate ever since the grocery retail system began to restructure into larger outlets. Food retailing in Britain is highly competitive and the major chains have an excellent record of supplying food on low profit margins per item. This in itself, however, forces them to seek other ways of reducing overheads. Accordingly, there are sound economic reasons why grocery retailers must seek low-cost locations that are accessible to the more mobile sectors of the community. The advent of the French-style hypermarket drew attention to the possibility that such a revision of the system of retailing might offer low prices but at the cost of making stores inaccessible to the less mobile low income groups who most need those low prices. It is to this vital issue that this thesis addresses itself. Empirical analysis is undertaken in South Hampshire in order to compare a hypermarket with a superstore. The latter type of store offers similar facilities of large scale grocery shopping but in a more accessible location. Three separate types of analysis, each within the positivist/ behaviouralist tradition proposed by Johnston, are attempted in order to draw out the welfare implications of these contrasted store types. Analyses are undertaken at each of the stores, in the hinterland of the stores and among higher-income and lower-income residents of the area. The conclusions are that the superstore is td be favoured on welfare grounds. At the same time, it is recognised that such stores develop within the overall framework of control offered by the British Planning System. Accordingly, the 'Managerialist' theories of Pahl are drawn upon in order to place the research in a wider context. This makes it possible to extend the applicability of the findings beyond the immediate research area. Observations are made on possible planning strategies to maximise the likelihood that superstores, rather than hypermarkets, will be built in the future.
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Sarantidis, Paraskevi. "Factors affecting store brand purchase in the Greek grocery market". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/12854.
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This study is an in-depth investigation of the factors that affect store brand purchases. It aims to help both retailers and manufacturers predict store brand purchases through an improved understanding of the effects of three latent variables: customer satisfaction and loyalty with the store; which is expressed through word-of-mouth; and trust in store brands. An additional aim is to explore variations in the level of store brand adoption and the inter-relationships between the selected constructs. Data was collected through a telephone survey of those responsible for household grocery shopping, and who shop at the nine leading grocery retailers in Greece. A total of 904 respondents completed the questionnaire based upon a quota of 100 respondents for each of the nine retailers. Data were analyzed through chi-square, analysis of variance and partial least square. The proposed model was tested by partial least square path modeling, which related the latent variables to the dependent manifest variable: store brand purchases. The findings provide empirical support that store brand purchases are positively influenced by the consumers’ perceived level of trust in store brands. The consumer decision-making process for store brands is complex and establishing customer satisfaction and loyalty with the store does not appear to influence store brand purchases or the level of trust in the retailer’s store brands in the specific context under study. Consequently the most appropriate way to influence store brand purchases in the Greek market is through increasing in the level of trust in the retailer’s store brands. It is suggested that retailers should therefore invest in trust building strategies for their own store brands and try to capitalize on their brand equity by using a family brand policy. Theoretical and managerial implications of the findings are discussed and opportunities for further research are suggested.
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Watson, Iain. "Internal reference price formation in support of UK and US grocery retail price decision-making". Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2630.
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UK and US grocery retailers operate with narrow profit margins; the shelf price of each product sold has a direct affect on these profits. Despite the importance of pricing, grocers adopt sub-optimal risk mitigation tactics rather than profit maximization. Part of a grocer’s perceived pricing risk is their lack of any understanding of customer product price expectation. The academic concept of Internal Reference Price (IRP) represents that price expectation but, despite a large body of research, IRP does not appear to be used in UK or US grocery pricing. This is due in part to academics’ lack of understanding of pricing practitioners’ actual needs and the context they work within, and has led to commercially inappropriate IRP model formulations. This exploratory study corrects this lack of understanding and provides both an integrated theory of pricing behaviour and its context, along with an applied IRP model that has the potential to improve UK and US grocer price decision-making. The models were developed using Classical Grounded Theory based on information from in-depth semi-structured interviews held with 20 UK and US grocery pricing practitioners. The research represents a significant contribution to both the academic and commercial body of knowledge. It does so, firstly, through the provision of an explanatory and predictive grounded theory of grocery pricing behaviour, and secondly through the development of an applied conceptual grounded model of IRP, both of which have been unseen to date.
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Barat, Somjit Paswan Audhesh. "An empirical investigation of how perceived devaluation and income effects influence consumers' intended utilization of savings from coupon redemption". [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-4007.
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Li, Junxiong. "Analysing and conceptualising mobile grocery shopping behaviour in the UK". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/34362.
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Mobile commerce is becoming an important component of modern business especially in the retail sector thanks to the fast diffusion of smartphones. This new shopping technique enables consumers to shop wherever and whenever they choose. It also helps retailers to grow their business in omni-channel – many major UK retailers including the “Big Four Grocers” (Tesco, Asda, Sainsbury’s and Morrisons) have adjusted their digital and category strategies in response to mobile customers. Despite the growing body of literature on mobile commerce, little research has been conducted to provide a comprehensive list of factors that affect the mobile grocery shoppers’ decision-making and their loyalty. In addition, some of the studies had issues relating to inappropriate sampling techniques, which led to unrepresentative findings. This thesis will explore the factors that drive consumers’ intention to use smartphones for grocery shopping, and to identify the key elements that drive consumer loyalty to the mobile grocery provider. Building on an extensive literature review, the key determinants of mobile commerce adoption were analysed with a consideration of issues around online grocery shopping, diffusion of innovation, and customer satisfaction. The key research methods and approaches were compared along with an analysis of the research methods used by the existing literatures, and concluded that a mixed-method approach was the most appropriate way to meet the aim and objectives of this study. Following the research design, the author undertook 32 interviews with shoppers from various backgrounds, 12 of which had previous experience of using a smartphone for grocery shopping. Content analysis was carried out to produce 13 themes relating to the mobile grocery shopping acceptance. Based on the result from the thematic analysis and existing literature, a questionnaire was designed and launched. Three hundred valid responses were collected, including 150 purchasers and 150 non-purchasers. Statistical techniques such as factor analysis and multiple-regression analysis were used to analyse the survey data. Results from the quantitative study suggested there were 7 factors affecting shoppers’ decision to use smartphones for grocery shopping, while purchaser and non-purchaser models showed a different pattern. In parallel, the study also identified factors affecting mobile grocery shopping satisfaction and customer loyalty. Drawing together these findings, the thesis helps grocers to understand their mobile channel customer in a wider angle. It also provides managerial applications to improve both customer experience and digital strategy.
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唐慧茵 i Wai-yan Christine Tong. "Documenting the historical and spatial significance of Wing Woo grocery and provisional shop". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42189214.
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Kerslake, Christopher Wayne. "A method for analyzing the delivery frequency from a distribution center to a retail grocery store". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33321.
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Thesis (M. Eng. in Logistics)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 67-68).
Currently, no adequate method exists for determining how frequently a retail store in a supermarket chain should receive deliveries from its distribution center. Existing methods neglect many crucial constraints, such as the necessity for deliveries to fall on fixed days of the week, severely limited shelf space, and the inability for many stores to hold additional overstock product in a backroom. This paper addresses the problem by outlining a new method for determining the delivery frequency by developing a simulation model for the replenishment process of a supermarket chain. The model can also be used to provide insight into other aspects of the replenishment process, such as shelf space allocation, and reorder rules. Using this model, we were able to show that significant cost savings were available to the supermarket chain we worked with on the project by changing the delivery schedules for their stores.
by Christopher Wayne Kerslake.
M.Eng.in Logistics
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Aruleba, Samuel Olasehinde. "The internet as a retail marketing communication channel for identifying market opportunities for UK grocery retailers". Thesis, London South Bank University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.618683.
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This study explores the suitability and the potential of the Internet as a retail marketing communication channel for the UK-based grocery retailers. Grocery retail chains have grown in relative importance since they become commonplace in the UK. This study examines three related aspects of marketing via the Internet including: the Internet as a retail marketing tool; the Internet as a retail marketing communication medium; and the Internet as a retail marketing distribution channel. These three examined aspects in the study are significantly important in successful marketing via the Internet. The purpose of the study is to examine the nature of UK grocery retailing on the Internet. The primary aims are to develop an understanding of how the Internet is used by the UK grocery retailers to interact with consumers and to explore the extent of its adoption within the UK grocery retail sector. The main objectives are: (i) to assess the general extent of the Internet adoption by the UK grocery retailers in order to understand whether the type of grocery retail marketing activities undertaken influences this. (ii) to investigate whether the extent of the Internet adoption by the UK grocery retailers is dependent upon the size of retail operation, in terms of the number of total retail outlets. Therefore, the study developed from the previous works in this area focuses on the achievement of the main objectives. Since the examination of existing literature shows that previous works do not assess the effectiveness of the Internet as a retail marketing communication channel for grocery retail marketing; and from the perspective of consumer, this study fills these gaps by using the Internet to identify market opportunities for grocery retailers. In order to collect the data, the Corporate Intelligence on Retailing was used as the source of data, because it included all of the large retail organisations as well as those with a significant on-line presence. Those websites of the UK's leading retail organisations were identified. The UK's grocery retail organisations selected were based on the presence of a registered URL; website activity validation, and website review procedure. This method ensured that the collection of data was conducted in a rigorous and consistent manner. Both the fundamental principles that govern the Internet and the retail marketing communication dyad have been evaluated. The findings highlight the difficulty of acquiring a sustainable competitive advantage via the Internet resulting from the necessity for grocery retail-specific structures, the derived nature of consumer demand for grocery, security concerns, the presence of structural impediments in shopping via the Internet, and the transaction-versus-process-based use of the Internet in grocery retailing. The major contribution of this study therefore is the identification of structural changes to the UK grocery retail market, which consequently harmonises all the grocery retailers and those factors underpinning the adoption of the Internet by the UK's leading grocery retailers that help to strengthen their competitiveness and allow sustainability in the grocery retail market.
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Kopanaki, Evangelia. "Examining organisational flexibility in an interorganisational context : a case study of a grocery retail supply chain". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2008. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2800/.
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The objective of this thesis is to clarify the complex notion of flexibility and to explore the impact of Interorganisational Information Systems (IOS) on the flexibility of organisations. Previous studies have shown that while the utilisation of IOS can contribute significantly to organisational flexibility, it does not provide equal benefits to all trading partners. Although flexibility is increasingly becoming more important for the survivability and competitiveness of organisations, its meaning is still ambiguous and a rigorous conceptualisation of the notion is lacking in the literature. Most researchers examining the impact of technology on organisational flexibility identify technological as well as organisational issues influencing flexibility, but fail to analyse flexibility as a dynamic concept embedded in the social context. Moreover, they mainly focus on the flexibility of the individual firm, paying less attention to flexibility as a property of the interaction between firms. This research proposes an interpretive approach and examines the notion of flexibility by including a thorough investigation of the organisational context within which it is embedded. Since IOS involve interaction between different organisations, issues of cooperation and relationships with trading partners are also considered. Therefore, the concept of flexibility is viewed from both an organisational and an interorganisational (business network) level, referring to the interaction of trading partners. A synthesized research framework, based on previous research and the theoretical perspectives of appreciative systems thinking and web models, enables us to perceive flexibility as a multidimensional and dynamic concept, embedded in and shaped by the organisational/interorganisational context. In the proposed framework, flexibility is presented not only as the ability of the organisation/business network to respond to environmental disturbances, but also as its capability to evolve and to change over time. A multiple case design in a grocery retail-supply chain in Greece, comprising three suppliers and four retailers, provides the empirical data to support the argument of this thesis. The analysis of the data relates differences in organisational contexts to variations in the flexibility achieved by the organisations. It shows that IOS can provide constraints even for the more competent organisations and illustrates how the interaction with trading partners may influence the flexibility achieved at an organisational level. It finally demonstrates the dynamic nature of flexibility, it describes the relation between its different dimensions and discusses their change and evolution, following and influencing the changes of the organisational and interorganisational contexts.
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Price, Robin Anne, i n/a. "Checking Out Supermarket Labour Usage: The Nature of Labour Usage and Employment Relations Consequences in a Food Retail Firm in Australia". Griffith University. Department of Industrial Relations, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20040809.154443.
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This thesis examines the nature of labour usage within a market-leading Australian food retail firm and the employment relations consequences of the labour usage strategies employed by the firm. Retail employment is well established as a research subject in the UK, but has received comparatively little research attention in Australia. Given that retail industry employment accounts for 15 per cent of the Australian workforce, this represents a significant oversight. Within the retail industry, the supermarket and grocery sector employs 6 per cent of the Australian workforce. The sector is dominated by two major chains and is highly competitive, with a reputation for low profit margins, mundane jobs and low pay. The sector is recognised for an employment structure that is segmented with one segment holding full-time jobs with core employment conditions and the other segment, part-time jobs with poor working conditions. The dominant theory used by scholars to explain this employment structure is the dual labour market model and later iterations such as Atkinson's flexible firm model. This research assesses the value of these models, in particular Atkinson's flexible firm model, as a representation of the labour usage strategies of a market-leading Australian food retail firm. This analysis demonstrates that, in a general sense, Atkinson's model has applicability to the labour usage strategies exhibited in food retailing. The research found that, contrary to the theories of dual labour markets, a strong internal labour market operated within the firm with short hours casual employment as the port of entry. The benefits of this practice for the organisation were flexibility in labour usage and substantial wage savings, while the negative consequences were recruitment difficulties, exacerbated by high levels of staff turnover. For the employees, the consequences depended on their position in the organisational hierarchy and their individual circumstances, but involved initially accepting limited working hours and low pay in order to gain entry into the organisation. The research undertaken for this thesis leads to the development of a revised model, the casual internal labour market model, which more accurately depicts the labour usage strategies within the case study organisation. Retail researchers argue that it is necessary to understand the dynamics of the industry in order to understand the structure of labour usage. Additionally, employment relations and retail researchers both stress the need to contextualise labour usage patterns within broader environmental constraints and supply side factors. In seeking to achieve this, this research examines business strategies, retail specific employment relations literature and the Australian employment relations context. Furthermore, this study addresses the issue of retail employment strategies at several levels within one of Australia's market-leading food retailers: corporate level, store level and at the level of individual departments within the store. In doing so, this thesis highlights the differences in labour usage between stores and between departments within the stores and thereby provides a more detailed picture of the labour use practices within food retailers.
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Price, Robin Anne. "Checking Out Supermarket Labour Usage: The Nature of Labour Usage and Employment Relations Consequences in a Food Retail Firm in Australia". Thesis, Griffith University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367290.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This thesis examines the nature of labour usage within a market-leading Australian food retail firm and the employment relations consequences of the labour usage strategies employed by the firm. Retail employment is well established as a research subject in the UK, but has received comparatively little research attention in Australia. Given that retail industry employment accounts for 15 per cent of the Australian workforce, this represents a significant oversight. Within the retail industry, the supermarket and grocery sector employs 6 per cent of the Australian workforce. The sector is dominated by two major chains and is highly competitive, with a reputation for low profit margins, mundane jobs and low pay. The sector is recognised for an employment structure that is segmented with one segment holding full-time jobs with core employment conditions and the other segment, part-time jobs with poor working conditions. The dominant theory used by scholars to explain this employment structure is the dual labour market model and later iterations such as Atkinson's flexible firm model. This research assesses the value of these models, in particular Atkinson's flexible firm model, as a representation of the labour usage strategies of a market-leading Australian food retail firm. This analysis demonstrates that, in a general sense, Atkinson's model has applicability to the labour usage strategies exhibited in food retailing. The research found that, contrary to the theories of dual labour markets, a strong internal labour market operated within the firm with short hours casual employment as the port of entry. The benefits of this practice for the organisation were flexibility in labour usage and substantial wage savings, while the negative consequences were recruitment difficulties, exacerbated by high levels of staff turnover. For the employees, the consequences depended on their position in the organisational hierarchy and their individual circumstances, but involved initially accepting limited working hours and low pay in order to gain entry into the organisation. The research undertaken for this thesis leads to the development of a revised model, the casual internal labour market model, which more accurately depicts the labour usage strategies within the case study organisation. Retail researchers argue that it is necessary to understand the dynamics of the industry in order to understand the structure of labour usage. Additionally, employment relations and retail researchers both stress the need to contextualise labour usage patterns within broader environmental constraints and supply side factors. In seeking to achieve this, this research examines business strategies, retail specific employment relations literature and the Australian employment relations context. Furthermore, this study addresses the issue of retail employment strategies at several levels within one of Australia's market-leading food retailers: corporate level, store level and at the level of individual departments within the store. In doing so, this thesis highlights the differences in labour usage between stores and between departments within the stores and thereby provides a more detailed picture of the labour use practices within food retailers.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Department of Industrial Relations
Griffith Business School
Full Text
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Blank, Malin, i Anna Maria Persson. "The Swedish food retail market : An econometric analysis of the competition on local food retail markets". Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2521.
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The Swedish food retail market contains of three major actors, ICA, KF and Axfood, all in all dominating 75 percent of the total market shares. The scant number of retailing actors indicates that the Swedish food retail market is a highly concentrated oligopoly, which as a fact has given rise to definite discussions and argumentations concerning the market situation. But is the food retail market imperfect and how do we reach a workable competition? Economic theory does not provide any clear answer on these questions, but is rather divided into two fundamentally different approaches to define competition: the static and the dynamic perspective on competition.
In an attempt to examine the competition on local Swedish retail markets, the purpose of this study is to carry out an econometric model estimating the situation. The model serves to explain the variation of ICA’s achievements measured in terms of turnovers obtained in the company. The explanatory variables composing the model are divided into three separate groupings: degreeof market concentration, storespecific factors and region-specific factors. Furthermore, in order to find out which one of the competitive explanations best fits the reality, the regression results are interpreted from a static and a dynamic perspective of competition. In part, we also aim to compare the results with the outline of the Swedish competition law.
We found that the level of concentration obtained in our material is high and is steadily increasing. We also found that stores do not, in any great extent, use price, service and quality as competitive methods. Thus, to gain competitive advantage, market actors must find other ways to carry out strategic market activities. The region-specific variables had either none or very little influence on ICA’s turnover. According to these findings, neither the static nor the dynamic perspective of competition is solely able to produce an accurate method for reaching a state of a workable competition. Instead, a combination of the static and the dynamic ideas may be regarded as the most advantageous way to generate suitable conditions for competition to be efficient. Therefore, in order to promote workable competition, the Swedish competition law must consist of a balance between the static and the dynamic view of competition.
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Lewis, Steven. "A Quantitative Explanatory Examination of Job Training, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Intentions among U.S. Retail Grocery Employees". Thesis, Capella University, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13808908.
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The topic of investigation for this research was the relationship between job training, job satisfaction, and turnover intention. Specifically, the researcher investigated how the quantity of job training over a one-year period predicted employees’ job satisfaction and turnover intentions. Despite the rich body of research on the mediating factors of job satisfaction on employees’ turnover intentions, little is known about factors that influence job satisfaction and turnover intentions among employees within the retail grocery industry. The research question proposed for the study was: “What is the relationship between amount of job training, job satisfaction and turnover intentions among employees in the U.S. retail grocery industry?” Utilizing a quantitative explanatory research design, a sample was collected of 101 U.S. retail employees who were (a) 18+ years of age, (b) had at least a high school education completed, and (c) were current retail grocery employees who had worked in the industry for at least one full calendar year prior to study participation. Data were collected via online survey, which consisted of a demographic questionnaire, the Job Satisfaction Scale, and the Turnover Intention Scale. A multiple linear regression was performed to assess the predictive relationship between job training, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions. The Pearson correlation coefficient r was used to explore the two-way association between amount of job training, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions. Analysis revealed no statistically significant, predictive relationship between job training, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions. In addition, results from the Pearson correlation coefficient r validated the same lack of relationship. Although findings from this investigation indicated job training had no significant effect on job satisfaction or turnover intentions, organizations and managers should not dismiss the many benefits of employee training.
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Chou, Chih-Fen 1976. "Development of a comprehensive supply chain performance measurement system : a case study in the grocery retail industry". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29520.
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Thesis (M. Eng. in Logistics)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2004."June 2004."
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-88).
While companies are looking for a single solution or a set of metrics that they can apply to measure their supply chain performance, it is clear that such a single solution does not exist. An effective supply chain performance measurement system has to align with a company's own supply chain processes. This thesis, based on the research of several established performance measurement models including the Balanced Scorecard and the SCOR Model, provides a framework for companies to build their supply chain performance measurement systems in-house. This thesis recommends a roadmap consisting of eight steps for companies to follow in the design and implementation phases of establishing a supply chain measurement system. The result is a set of 21 performance metrics is proposed that can be used by a company in the grocery retail industry to measure the efficiency of its supply chain. This metric set is well balanced because it encompasses six different criteria: comprehensive, causally oriented, vertically integrated, horizontally integrated, internally comparable, and useful. In conclusion, it is critical for companies from different industries to custom-tailor their own set of performance metrics, based on a careful evaluation of their individual business processes and supply chain performance objectives, that will allow management to do a better job utilizing existing capital resources and planning for strategic change and business development.
by Chih-Fen (Amy) Chou.
M.Eng.in Logistics
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Ganganaboina, Archana Yadev, i Riaz Sana. "Communication of Green Marketing Strategies for Creating Consumer Awareness : A study of grocery retail sector in Sweden". Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-24650.
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Abstract Title: Communication of Green Marketing Strategies for Creating Consumer Awareness: A study of grocery retail sector of Sweden. Level: Final assignment for Master Degree in Business Administration (MBA) Aim: The aim of the study is to explore the process of green marketing communication (preferred communication channels and messages) to create the customers awareness about eco-friendly products. Method: The study is done on three major grocery stores; Coop, ICA and Willys in Sweden. Triangulation, both qualitative and quantitative research, is used to achieve accurate results. Primary data is collected from interviews with respondents from companies and a customer survey. Results & Conclusions: The main findings are firstly: for grocery stores, point-of-sale and newspaper are preferred communication channels for green marketing communication. Secondly: The most suitable contents of communication messages for green marketing are health issues and environmental protection. Thirdly: Customers want to know about the process of certifying the eco-labels to eco-friendly products. Fourthly: Information function, information of eco-friendly products that is conveyed through green marketing communication to inform persuade and motivate the customers, and sustainability image (green reputation) of companies can create customer awareness. Lastly: Green marketing communication itself brings green reputation for companies. Suggestions for future research: This study is limited to advertising contents of green marketing communication. For further research, green marketing communication through personal relations, visual identification and sponsorships should be studied to create customer awareness. This study could be extended to other industries to seek more generalizable results. The results of current study indicate that ecolabels on eco-friendly products needs to be further explored. Hence, further studies can be done with regard how to make the customers aware about the process of certification of eco-labels to eco-friendly products. Contribution: This study contributes to existing literature by connecting the process of green marketing communication with customer awareness. Keywords: Green marketing communication, communication channels, communication messages, eco-labels.
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Hussain, Mushtaq, i Pratibha Ranabhat. "Influence of service and product quality on customer retention, A Swedish grocery store". Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-14762.
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Aim: The aim of this study is to examine and compare the importance of services and products in grocery store and to study the effects of services and products on customer retention. Method: This study is quantitative and data is collected by conducting a survey. Primary data is collected through questionnaires by visiting the stores in two cities of Sweden, namely Bollnäs and Gävle. In order to study the importance of service and products, importance scale is used in the questionnaire. Comparative analysis is used to analyze the data. Results & Conclusions: The results show that customers are more concerned about the quality of products rather than quality of services. Further, it is found that among all service elements, personal interaction is considered more important whereas, among products elements, quality of products has most influence on customer decisions. After the comparison of services and products, we found out that product quality influences customer retention to a greater extent. Suggestions for future research: Research always continues and could be followed up with more perception dimensions either from customers’ perspectives or from managerial perspectives. Future research can be conducted to study managerial perception of service and product quality. Furthermore, future research can be conducted to find out other factors that determine customer retention. Customers from multiple stores and larger cities can also be the theme for future researches. Contribution of the study: This study helps retail business to build strong customer base by focusing first on quality of products and then services. Further this helps firms to know how customer’s decision making is affected. Firms with limited resources can first focus on product improvement then on services.
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Van, Selm Andre. "The role of consumer retail price promotions in the marketing strategies of manufacturers and retailers". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52017.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Retail sales promotions are one of the most fundamental and high profile concepts of retail marketing. Everyday consumers are bombarded with various forms of information regarding sales promotions. Manufacturers and retailers go to great expense, up to 75% of the United States' marketing expenditures are spent on promotions (Lewison, 1994), but very little is done to measure the effectiveness of these promotional activities (Walters, 1991). Price promotions form an integral part of the marketing strategies of both manufacturers and retailers, yet they are often neglected in terms of assessing their impact on the marketing strategies of individual products. Lewison (1994) supports this statement by saying, "the precise positioning of sales promotion in terms of marketing strategy is often vague". "The increase in sales promotion spending in consumer goods field is greater than that of advertising promotion. However, it is important to know that a substantial part of this money is being misspent, some of it through poor planning" (Shapiro 1977). This statement is dated and probably aimed at the American retail market in particular, but it evokes some relevant questions about the South African domestic market. Are our manufacturers and retailers misspending valuable promotional budget on poorly planned and illogical sales promotions? An article in Sales and Marketing Management (1979) made a good, and relevant, point that "sales promotion is an orphan child of marketing. Both sales promotion budgets and sales promotion objectives are virtually ignored by senior management". More than twenty years later one would expect that the effectiveness of promotions would be monitored more closely and the promotional budgets of both manufacturers and retailers would be subject to close scrutiny by marketing directors. This appears, however, not to be the case, and little study has been done, particularly in South Africa, on the profitability and marketing effectiveness of price promotions within the retail grocery market. The use of trade promotions has risen considerably during the late 20th century. Within companies intense competition and increasing sophistication in sales promotion techniques together with a greater pressure to increase sales has resulted in an increased frequency of promotions. .Market factors have also fostered an increase in promotions. These factors include a rise in the number of brands (especially generic brands) and a decrease in the efficiency of traditional advertising due to increasingly fragmented consumer markets and advertising 'clutter'. A review of the marketing literature on grocery retail price promotions appears to be indicating a move toward a new approach to retailing which sees more focus being given to cutting costs out of the system, usually through improvements to the supply chain. Retail giant Wal-Mart introduced a policy of Every Day Low Pricing (EDLP) and moved heavily toward certain supply chain methodologies like Quick Response and Efficient Consumer Response which focus on reducing inventories and increasing supply chain efficiencies. These policies shun the retail sales promotion in favour of more constant sales trends and supply of goods. It appears that this policy is working, and not just in America, but in Canada and Germany as well (Kalish, 2000). This paper will focus on the inefficiencies of the traditional South African retail price promotion, particularly prevalent in the grocery chains, versus the current American and European retail promotion techniques that focus less on temporary price reductions and more on eliminating costs out of the value chain. A current South African price promotion model is given and a price promotion model for the future is proposed. Without a more complete study it would be immature to think that this paper could be a definitive study of the reasons, cause, and effects of retail price promotions, rather it is intended as a stimulus for further research in this area. This mini-thesis looks at pricing policies in the South African grocery retail market relative to international trends. Particular detail is paid to the grocery value chain and the effects of retail price reduction promotions on the supply chains within the value chain. Inefficiencies in the current South African pricing system are highlighted from both a marketing and a supply chain management perspective. A future value chain is proposed and the migration to this new value chain discussed. International trends like EDLP are discussed with relevance to the South African grocery retail market.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kleinhandel reklame promosies is een van die mees fundamentele and hoë profiel begrippe van kleinhandel bemarking. Daaglikse verbruikers word gebombardeer met verskeie vorms van inligting betreffende reklame promosies. Vervaardigers en kleinhandelaars gaan groot kostes aan, tot 75% van die Verenigde State se bemarkingsuitgawes is gemik op promosies (Lewison, 1994), maar daar word baie min gedoen om die doeltreffendheid van hierdie promosionele aktiwiteite te meet (Walters, 1991). Prys promosies vorm 'n integrale deel van die bemarkingstrategie van beide vervaardigers en kleinhandelaars, nogtans word hulle dikwels afgeskeep in terme van die beraming van hulle impak op die bemarkingstrategieë van individuele produkte. Lewison (1994) steun hierdie bewering deur op te merk dat, "the precise positioning of sales promotion in terms of marketing strategy is often vague". "The increase in sales promotion spending in consumer goods field is greater than that of advertising promotion. However, it is important to know that a substantial part of this money is being misspent, some of it through poor planning" (Shapiro, 1977). Hierdie opmerking is verouderd en waarskynlik spesifiek gerig op die Amerikaanse kleinhandel mark, maar lok sekere relevante vrae uit in verband met die Suid Afrikaanse plaaslike mark. Is ons vervaardigers en kleinhandelaars besig om waardevolle promosie begrotings op ondeurdagte en onlogiese reklame promosies te verkwis? 'n Artikel in "Sales en Marketing Management" (1979) maak die goeie en relevante punt dat "sales promotion is an orphan child of marketing. Both sales promotion budgets and sales promotion objectives are virtually ignored by senior management". Meer as twintig jaar later sou mens verwag dat die effektiwiteit van promosies in detail gemonitor word en die promosie begrotings van beide vervaardigers en kleinhandelaars noukeurig bestudeer word deur bemarkingsdirekteure. Dit blyk nie die geval te wees nie en, veral in Suid Afrika, is daar min navorsing gedoen oor die winsgewendheid en bemarkings effektiwiteit van reklame promosies binne die kleinhandel kruideniersmark. Die gebruik van handelspromosies het merkbaar gestyg in the laat twintigste eeu. Binne ondernemings het intensiewe kompetisie en toenemend gesofistikeerde handelspromosietegnieke tesame met groter druk om reklame syfers te laat styg gelei tot 'n toename in die frekwensie van promosies. Hierdie faktore sluit in 'n styging in die aantal handelsmerke (veral generiese handelsmerke) en 'n afname in die doeltreffendheid van tradisionele advertering weens toenemend gefragmenteerde verbruikersmarkte en advertensie "romme!". 'n Hersiening van die bemarkingsliteratuur op kruideniershandel reklamepromosies blyk daarop te dui dat 'n verskuiwing plaasvind na 'n nuwe benadering waarin meer fokus daarop geplaas word om kostes in die sisteem te sny, gewoonlik deur middel van verbeteringe aan die verskaffingsketting. Kleinhandel reus Wal-Mart het 'n beleid van "Every Day Low Pricing (EDLP)" ingestel en sterk beweeg na sekere verskaffingsketting metodologie soos "Quick Response" en "Efficient Consumer Response" wat fokus op die verminderde inventarisse en verhoogde doeltreffendheid in die verskaffingsketting. Hierdie beleide vermy die kleinhandel reklame promosie ten gunste van meer konstante reklame tendense en verskaffing van goedere. Dit blyk dat hierdie beleid besig is om te werk, nie net in die Verenigde State nie, maar ook in Kanada en Duitsland (Kalish, 2000). Hierdie werkstuk sal fokus op die ondoeltreffendheid van die tradisionele Suid Afrikaanse reklame prys promosie, veral heersend in die kruidenierskettingwinkels, teenoor die huidige Amerikaanse en Europese reklame promosie tegnieke wat minder toegespits is op tydelike prys verlagings en meer op die eliminasie van koste in die waardeketting. 'n Huidige Suid Afrikaanse prys promosie model word daargestel en 'n prys promosie model vir die toekoms voorgestel. Sonder 'n meer deeglike studie sal dit naief wees om te dink dat hierdie werkstuk 'n beslissende studie kan wees vir die redes vir, oorsaak en gevolge van kleinhandel prys promosies. Die bedoeling is eerder dat dit dien as 'n stimulus vir verdere narvorsing op die gebied. Hierdie mini-thesis ondersoek die prys beleid in die Suid Afrikaanse kruidenierskleinhandelmark relatief tot internasionale tendense. Veral word daar aandag gegee aan die kruidenierswaardeketting en die invloed van kleinhandel prysvermindering promosies op die verskaffingskettings binne die waardeketting. Tekortkominge in die huidige Suid Afrikaanse sisteem van prysbepaling word uitgelig uit beide 'n bemarkings en verskaffingskettings bestuur oogpunt. 'n Toekomstige waardeketting word voorgestel en die migrasie na hierdie nuwe waardeketting bespreek. Internasionale tendense soos EDLP work bespreek met betrekking tot die Suid Afrikaanse kruideniers reklamemark.
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Pringle, Alistair. "New Worlds and Fresh Choices? Continuties and discontinuities in industrial relations practices in New Zealand's retail grocery supermarkets". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Political Science, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4849.
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A recurrent theme in recent industrial relations literature is that analysis should go beyond the study of institutions and systems. The analysis of industrial relations should also incorporate changes to political, ideological and economic environments, as well as the impact of new technologies and changing product markets. With the advent of the Employment Contracts Act in May
1991 this theme has gained greater currency within New
Zealand. The de-centralisation of bargaining, and the
emergence of employer-driven ways of organising the
employment relationship, have given rise to a growing
body of research into contemporary workplace "reform".
This research has documented a widening diversity in
industrial relations practices.
This study seeks to extend this research by documenting
this diversity, between different employers in the same
industry. The focus of the study is the retail grocery
industry. Utilising a longitudinal approach it examines
significant infrastructural and environmental
constituents of change and evaluates the different ways
in which these have been used by employers in reworking
the employment relationship in different enterprises and
workplaces.
The study is based on an extensive series of interviews
conducted between 1990 and 1995, complemented by
documentary material from industry, media and academic
sources. Those interviewed included a cross-section of
employers, managers and workers, as well as union
officials involved with the industry.
The findings disclose that the Employment Contracts Act
was not the primary cause of innovation and change in
this industry. Emerging patterns of workplace industrial
relations display elements of continuity as well as
change. Employer pursuit of greater workforce
flexibility, impelled by competition and changing
product markets, was formerly constrained by the
operation of an overarchlng industrial relations
framework. The removal of this framework, coupled with a
low level of worker organisation and resistance, has
legitimised former de-facto practices and set a new
agenda for union survival.
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Mkansi, Marcia. "Management of the e-retail supply and distribution network : a resource-based view of the UK grocery sector". Thesis, University of Bolton, 2013. http://ubir.bolton.ac.uk/627/.
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The motivation of this research emerged as a reaction to imbalances in the UK grocery retailing market. In 2012-2013, total grocery retail sales amounted to £163.2 billion (bn), of which £5.6bn (3%) was generated through the online channel. Offline sales which amounted to £157.6bn are greater than all total combined non-grocery retail sales for the same period. Notably, online grocery sales of 3.4% posted the lowest percentage compared to all other segments of non-grocery e-retailing. The problem lies with challenges associated with managing supply and distribution of e-groceries, which constitute one of the greatest barriers to grocery e-retailing. These challenges led Somerfield to close its e-operations. This further heightens the online-offline grocery imbalances as only few grocery retailers are able to sustain their online operation. Of the 24 grocery e-retailers with more than ten stores in the UK, Asda, Sainsbury’s, Tesco, and Waitrose (ASTW) continue to stamp their authority in the market. Studies that examined the e-operations of ASTW attribute their cutting edge practice in grocery e-retailing to an overwhelming difference in resources (stores). It is the fundamental principles such as store assets that have seen Tesco’s pioneering in-store model outperform rivals in penetrating the market. These findings more than anything, have galvanized this research interest into deeper understanding of stores and managerial capabilities from a resource-based view (RBV). The study examines the four case studies (ASTW) using a mixed method approach to reduce the methodological challenges inherent in the RBV theory. Respondents were purposively sampled and responses were elicited using semi-structured interviews. The findings reveal the value of the resources from RBV perspective, and the prominence and interdependence of chain resources in creating sustainable competitive advantage (SCA). The study developed a resource-based strategy that may minimise some of the challenges, especially the cost of supply and distribution. Although the findings provide a RBV of stores and managerial capabilities in grocery e-retailing, the extent of value is limited to access and disclosure of sensitive information. Future studies must assess SCA, in partnership with the organisation to avoid the latter limitations. It is anticipated that the findings will pave the way for future research in e-retailing through contribution to both knowledge and practice. From the perspective of knowledge contribution, the research empirically tested the robustness of RBV using mixed method in the context of the grocery sector. Meanwhile, the developed strategy is also highly valuable in practice, in that it could offer useful insights for practitioners to better improve the efficiency and resilience of their e-retailing adoption.
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Johnson, Olufemi Jagunmolu. "Adoption and use of E-commerce in the mainstream retail grocery sector in the Western Cape, South Africa". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2826.
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Thesis (MTech (Information Technology)--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018.In the last two decades, the concept of e-commerce has been embraced and widely adopted by many enterprises across the world. Many enterprises continue to reap the benefits of ecommerce across industries and sectors. Despite the benefits, which have been widely reported, South African retail enterprises have only adopted the concept sporadically. The lack of, or slow pace of, adoption and participation in the e-commerce space by South African retail enterprises is a problem for both the enterprises themselves and individuals (consumers): retail enterprises are challenged with competitiveness at global space, and individuals are constrained and limited in their attempts to partake in transactions with retailers. This research was therefore undertaken to examine and understand the factors, from both technical and non-technical perspectives, that influence the adoption and use of e-commerce within the South African environment. Two organisations were used as cases in the study. In that human opinions and views were required, the qualitative methods and the interpretive approach were employed in the research. Actor Network Theory (ANT) was applied in the analysis of the qualitative data. Based on the findings and interpretation of the findings, a framework was developed. The framework is intended to guide how e-commerce can be adopted and used in the mainstream retail grocery sector in South Africa. The research can be of use and benefit to both business and in the academic domain, from either a practical, methodological and theoretical perspective. Practically, small and large retail enterprises in South African or other African countries with similar business cultures and settings can come to a better understanding of the e-commerce influencing factors. Methodologically, the use of ANT was vital, in the way it was used to examine the various networks, actors, relationship and interaction that happens in the process of adopting and or use of e-commerce. Theoretically, this study contributes to existing literature. Also, the study can be used as case study material in the field of information systems by institutions of higher learning.