Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Great Britain. Ministry of Supply”
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Newell, Dianne. "The Politics of Food in World War II: Great Britain’s Grip on Canada’s Pacific Fishery". Historical Papers 22, nr 1 (26.04.2006): 178–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/030970ar.
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Abstract Maintaining and transporting food supplies during wartime are crucial activities. How to fulfill these obligations often is an important point in determining a government's wartime trade strategy. An example is the case of Great Britain during World War II. Britain attempted to control the cost and quality of its imported foodstuffs by influencing the production, supply and price within supplying countries. British food missions were established to negotiate the best-possible agreements and to protect Britain's long-term commercial interests. This self-interest can be seen in the food programme established by the British Ministry of Food and in the negotiations with British Columbia packers for canned salmon. Britain needed this nutritious and practical foodstuff, but refused to enter into longterm contracts with Canadian suppliers. The British Columbia salmon was considered too expensive, and Britain wanted to return to the cheaper Japanese and Russian suppliers after the war. The ultimate result was that the BC salmon canning industry was seriously curtailed at war's end, and the very existence of the resource was threatened.
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Gao, Jie. "Compromise and Defence: Great Britain and the Burma Road Crisis". China and Asia 3, nr 1 (29.09.2021): 5–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2589465x-030102.
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Abstract China and Britain both found themselves in extremely precarious situations by the early summer of 1940, when Japan demanded that Britain close the Burma Road, a vital overland supply route for Chinese forces fighting against Japanese aggression. The British had just seen all of their continental European allies fall like dominoes to Hitler’s forces over the span of a few weeks, while China was fighting a losing defensive war against Japan with minimal outside support. China desperately needed to maintain its overland supply line to the British Empire, the Burma Road, but Britain feared that the very existence of this conduit of war materiel would provoke a Japanese attack on vulnerable British colonies in the Far East. American policy on Japanese aggression was ambiguous at this point and neither Britain nor China could realistically expect help from Washington in the short term. As a result, Britain signed a one-sided confidential memorandum to close the Burma Road to buy time and shore up its East Asian position to the extent that it was able. This deal, a lesser-studied counterpart to Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain’s appeasement policy in Europe, compromised the Chinese war effort against Japan, paved the way for the Japanese conquest of Southeast Asia, and ultimately failed to prevent Britain’s defeat in East Asia. Recognizing that this temporary concession would not moderate Japanese behavior, Britain reopened the Burma Road three months later. This paper examines the vital role of the Burma Road in the Chinese war effort in 1940 and why Japan demanded that London close it, then explores the factors that led to Britain’s unavoidable capitulation on the issue and subsequent reversal three months later, along with the consequences for the Allied war effort in the Far East.
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Zolotarova, Kristina. "PUBLISHING INDUSTRY IN WARTIME: CHARLES DICKENS “A TALE OF TWO CITIES”". Doxa, nr 1(37) (5.07.2023): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2410-2601.2022.1(37).281826.
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What better way to tell about the time than a real “historical witness” – a product of that time, for the people of that time?! As such a “witness” in this small researched book from the 40s of the 20th century – Charles Dickens “A Tale of Two Cities”, published by “Blackie & Son Limited (London and Glasgow)”. Thanks to this book, it was possible to touch on the “wartime” publishing industry, consider the main challenges faced by the book publishing industry and explore non-standard solutions for a decent response to these challenges in Great Britain. In addition, people who felt the need for books despite all the difficulties and dangers brought by “wartime” – the Second World War – become a real inspiration. This book, which in this study dates from the early 1940s, is an example of the publishing standard – the Agreement – which was introduced in Great Britain during the Second World War. Namely, the Book Production War Economy Agreement (1942), which was concluded between the publishers (Publisher Association) of Great Britain and the state leadership (represented by the Ministry of Supply). This agreement, which was mainly of a recommendatory nature, was primarily related to the rationalization of the use of resources necessary for the publishing of book products (regulating and standardizing printed publications that would respond to the main challenges in limited economic conditions). It should be noted separately that the agreement was initiated by the Association itself, because it was a response to the unfair (in the opinion of publishers) distribution of paper, namely to Paper rationing, which was introduced by The British Ministry of Information [Holman 2005]. In this context, the earlier creation of The Paper Control Committee, which controlled the use of paper by publishers and acted as their defender before the Ministry of Supply [Vassilopoulos 2021], should be considered. Speaking about the demand for books during the Second World War in Great Britain, one should note the incessant thirst for reading, learning new things, and searching for “answers to questions that concern us now” [Hench 2010]. It seems that there were already enough exciting events in everyday life, but it was precisely in the times when the war dragged on and there was no visible end or finale, and society began to tire of uncertainty and the constant feeling of “calm before the storm”, books became a real salvation from difficult to perceive and understand reality – a new reality. This explains the constantly growing demand for books of various formats and genres in the 1940s.
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Postryhan, Tetiana. "Legal regulation of UK science parks". Theory and Practice of Intellectual Property, nr 1 (11.06.2021): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33731/12021.234194.
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Key words: science park, science, legal regulation, high technologies, innovation,benefits, taxes
The article reveals important legal aspects of the UK science parks, the creation and operation of scienceand technology parks in Great Britain. The author considers the legislation of GreatBritain on the activities of science and technology parks, technological innovations,tax and other benefits. The author traces the development of legislation governing theactivities of science parks in Great Britain. Innovative structures, their features areconsidered. An analysis of research by scientists on state and legal regulation of highereducation, research institutions, science parks. The author examines the Government'spolicy on the development of the scientific and technical sector of the economyby supporting and encouraging innovation in the scientific and technical sector andthe Question of the Great Britain Science Parks. The UK provides significant governmentsupport to science parks, fosters cooperation and dialogue between industry andacademia in the field of innovation and high technology. In this matter, the state directlyfunds research partnerships between industry and basic science. The statestrategy includes, in particular, the application of direct tax benefits for companiesthat interact with universities to implement high technology, research and development,tax benefits in the field of depreciation, as well as through financial and technicalsupport of leading universities and public laboratories, grants and grants.The author notes the important role in the development of innovation policy in theUK plays the creation of information support for innovation.The author has analyzed the legislation in the field of providing tax-compliant pilgrimsfor education and distribution. Legislation in the field of supply of taxable pilgrimsfor additional and retail outlets is stored alongside a number of regulatory legalacts, the main ones being:• Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988;• Finance Act 2000;• Finance Act 2002.The author examines the executive authorities that implement state policy tostimulate the development of research and development. The author identifies thatthe UK is creating numerous innovation centers. The article emphasizes that of particularinterest are the model contracts proposed by the Ministry, aimed at the transferor use of ownership of the results of intellectual activity in the field of innovation.The author states that the British model of state support for innovation can be usefulin shaping public policy and creating a legal framework for regulating legal relationsin the field of innovation and the interaction of universities with business to implementresearch and development and high technology.
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Kornilov, A. A., N. S. Lobanova i A. I. Egorov. "British Parliament as Center for Making Foreign Policy Decisions during Syrian Crisis (2011—2015)". Nauchnyi dialog 12, nr 2 (1.04.2023): 363–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-2-363-384.
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The activities of the British Parliament to regulate the foreign policy of the United Kingdom towards Syria during the reign of Prime Minister D. Cameron are analyzed. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the strengthening of the role of Parliament, which occurred during the acute phase of the Syrian crisis, significantly affects current trends in British foreign policy. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time the Syrian crisis is considered as a factor that contributed to the consistent strengthening of the role of parliament as a center for making foreign policy decisions. Attention is paid to the role of parliamentary committees in determining the UK’s policy on the Syrian track. The documents of the British Parliament are being studied in order to identify the position of parliamentarians in relation to the government course. The evolution of the British Middle East policy during the active phase of the Syrian crisis is analyzed. It is proved that Parliament had a corrective influence on the foreign policy of Great Britain, which is confirmed by the appearance during this period of significant functions, both in the House of Commons and in parliamentary committees. It is noted that the government sought to enlist the support of the parliament to ensure the legitimacy of the supply of weapons to the Syrian opposition and the conduct of a military operation in Syria.
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Zaiats, Yaroslav, Mykola Bednarchuk, Oleksandr Yarovyi, Sehiy Dolynskyi i Nataliia Popovych. "CURRENT GENERAL THEORETICAL ISSUES OF MODERN FORENSIC COMMODITY EXAMINATION". Criminalistics and Forensics, nr 67 (9.08.2022): 617–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33994/kndise.2022.67.63.
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The article is devoted to the search and scientific substantiation of the directions of theoretical research, which will ensure the integration of domestic forensic commodity expertise into the relevant European system of scientific knowledge. It has been established that Ukraine has a wide range of footwear for servicemen, which is a potential object of forensic commodity expertise but has not yet been studied from the standpoint of modern commodity science. The range of footwear offered by “Prof 1 Group”, “Scout Tactical”, and “Patriotshop” was analyzed and the nomenclature of their properties, which has more than 30 characteristics, was studied. It is shown that at the level of groups and types of this footwear has significant features of classification, marking, and other commodity characteristics, which are significantly different from the system of special knowledge of the domestic expert commodity expert. The systems of marking the anthropometric characteristics of the studied footwear and their units of measurement in the USA, Great Britain, and the European Union are compared. It is revealed that the system of special knowledge of commodity experts in the field of footwear needs to be optimized by supplementing scientific information on the main categories of footwear commodities. It is proposed to develop such addition as two blocks of information that correspond to separate basic categories of commodity science. The first block – scientifically sound data on current classification systems, new consumer properties, modern groups, species, and intraspecific range of footwear for servicemen. The second block – data on marking and schematic representation of measurements of anthropometric sizes of footwear and feet of consumers, which are developed based on a single scientifically sound scale of sizes and completeness; such a scale will be agreed with and approved by the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, harmonized with the relevant scales in force in the developed world, mandatory for all producers and suppliers of this product in Ukraine. In the example of commodity knowledge about footwear for servicemen, the objective necessity and urgency of improving the existing Ukraine classification systems of uniforms, which is a potential object of commodity examination, in three directions: updating, harmonization with the needs of supply and trade practices, coordination with similar classification systems in developed countries. Based on the results of theoretical commodity research, it is proposed to modernize the system of special knowledge of a forensic commodity expert by developing a full range of modern methodological support for expert activities. Key words: forensic examination, theoretical research, footwear for servicemen, classification, marking.
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Twomey, J., i J. M. Tomkins. "Supply Potential in the Regions of Great Britain". Regional Studies 30, nr 8 (grudzień 1996): 783–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00343409612331350078.
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Nuttall, S. R., R. J. L. Blackwood, B. M. H. Bussell, J. P. Cliff, M. J. Cornall, A. Cowley, P. L. Gatenby i J. M. Webber. "Financing long-term care in Great Britain". Journal of the Institute of Actuaries 121, nr 1 (1994): 1–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020268100020084.
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AbstractThis paper is concerned with the current and future financing of long-term care (LTC). This is defined as the provision of nursing and care services to those adults who are incapable, to some degree, of looking after themselves, but excluding short-term convalescent care. The current position is summarised, covering the demand and supply of LTC, how it is currently financed, new developments and consumer attitudes. The paper then goes on to consider future developments. Possible patterns of future demand, covering likely needs and costs are given. Consideration is then given as to how future demand may be financed.The paper discusses some of the initiatives that might be undertaken to encourage proper planning by both the State and individuals and concludes that the actuarial profession should have a significant role to play in communicating the issues and evaluating solutions.
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Govindaradjalou, Ravi, i George Dyson. "Chemicals (Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply) regulations in Great Britain". Chemical Health and Safety 10, nr 3 (maj 2003): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1074-9098(03)00026-1.
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Shaimardanova, N. A. "Key factors of the civil servants’ pay in Russia and Great Britain". Moscow University Economics Bulletin, nr 6 (8.11.2022): 159–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/01300105202268.
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The article compares civil servants’ payment systems and wage levels in the Russian Federation and the United Kingdom, and identifies the factors affecting the civil servants’ pay level in both countries. With comparable civil servants’ payment levels in terms of purchasing power in Russia and Great Britain, there are differences in structural elements of payment and the fields of activity that are highly paid. The study is based on data analysis of the RF Ministry of Labour and the UK Office for National Statistics concerning civil servants’ pay levels in central offices of federal executive bodies of the Russian Federation and central public bodies of the UK. The comparative analysis shows that civil servants’ payment in Russia is significantly higher than that in Great Britain in such fields as security, defense, justice, legal proceedings, construction, housing and utilities, and statistics. In Great Britain, by contrast, civil servants are paid more than in Russia in speres of education, science, culture, tourism, media, industry and economics. Based on theories and studies reviewed, the article provides an econometric analysis of factors affecting the civil servants’ pay level in Russia and Great Britain. Regression analysis identifies statistically significant institutional, gender and age factors which determine the high level of the civil servants’ pay in both countries, for example, activities in financial, tax and customs spheres in Russia or work in small-size public bodies in Great Britain.
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Warren, Liz, Martin Quinn i Gerhard Kristandl. "Investments in power generation in Great Britain c.1960-2010". Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management 15, nr 1 (16.04.2018): 53–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qram-01-2016-0002.
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Purpose This paper aims to explore the increasing role of financialisation on investment decisions in the power generation industry in Great Britain (GB). Such decisions affect society, and the relative role of financialisation in these macro-levels decisions has not been explored from a historical perspective. Design/methodology/approach The paper draws on historical material and interview data. Specifically, we use an approach inspired by institutional sociology drawing on elements of Scott’s (2014) pillars of institutions. Applying concepts stemming from regulative and normative pressures, we explore changes in investments over the analysis period to determine forces which institutionalised practices – such as accounting – into investment in power generation. Findings Investments in electricity generation have different levels of public and private participation. However, the common logics that underpin such investment practices provide an important understanding of political-economics and institutional change in the UK. Thus, the heightened use of accounting in investment has been, to some extent, a contributory factor to the power supply problems now faced by the British public. Originality/value This paper contributes to prior literature on the effects of financialisation on society, adding power generation/energy supply to the many societal level issues already explored. It also provides brief but unique insights into the changing nature of the role of accounting in an industry sector over an extended timeframe.
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HIGGINS, DAVID M., i MADS MORDHORST. "Bringing Home the “Danish” Bacon: Food Chains, National Branding and Danish Supremacy over the British Bacon Market, c. 1900–1938". Enterprise & Society 16, nr 1 (16.01.2015): 141–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eso.2014.14.
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A substantial literature documents the importance of trademarks and brands to business success. How does this relationship change when we enlarge our focus from individual firms to industries and nations? This articles examines the dominance of Danish bacon in Britain between the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. We argue that this supremacy required state intervention and cooperation between government and producers to underpin high and consistent levels of quality throughout the supply chain, both of which were necessary to ensure the successful marketing of “Danish” bacon. In Britain, by contrast, state intervention to increase bacon production was only partially successful because it was undermined by a nineteenth-century legacy of uncoordination and deregulation. Such weaknesses affected the supply of appropriate pigs and the production of bacon that was uniform in quality, and ultimately negated the efforts of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries to promote a “British” bacon brand.
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Puacz-Olszewska, Jolanta. "Financial security of enterprises from Poland, Germany, and Great Britain". VUZF Review 6, nr 4 (27.12.2021): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.38188/2534-9228.21.4.12.
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Pandemics are caused by the negative impact of global threats, we put you at risk in one global world. An effective and efficient mortality tool, bringing also economic and economic successes. The world is currently struggling with the coronavirus (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2, which unfortunately already has pandemic status. Blow it off on yourself, concerned about how it will affect the global recession
The aim of the article is to present and compare how governments of countries such as Poland, Germany, and the United Kingdom provide entrepreneurs with financial security in connection with the negative effects caused by COVID-19. At the beginning of the article, it is briefly presented what financial security is, and several measures are distinguished to measure the financial security of enterprises. Then, the financial assistance for entrepreneurs selected to the countries is described. Countries such as Poland, Germany, and Great Britain were selected for the analysis. The most attention was devoted to describing the aid for Polish entrepreneurs. The information used in the article was obtained from the Polish and British GOV portal and from the German ministry responsible for economic policy (BMWi). In the end, support from the government in the analysed countries was compared, and the country is indicated, where entrepreneurs would cope best in the current situation and have the best chance for development. It is also indicated what impact the financial aid of the government has on the development of enterprises.
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Hein, Jane Ricketts, i David Watts. "Local food activity in the Republic of Ireland and Great Britain". Irish Geography 43, nr 2 (13.04.2014): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.55650/igj.2010.62.
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Recent changes in local food supply systems have attracted substantial research interest, but little consideration has been paid to exactly where they occur. This article combines data from three studies to compare local food system development in England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland using a single index of food relocalisation, thereby exploring the usefulness of the Index across different social and political contexts. Four diagnostic indicators suggest that local food systems in the south west of Ireland and Britain are particularly well developed. The Index itself is a useful tool for making international comparisons, being easy to replicate and allowing the integration of different data sets. Perhaps its greatest utility is that it opens up new avenues for further research.
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Chadwick, Elizabeth. "Gone with the War? Neutral State Responsibility and the Geneva Arbitration of 1872". Leiden Journal of International Law 12, nr 4 (grudzień 1999): 787–820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156599000400.
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The Geneva Arbitration of 1872 was convened to settle various differences between the United States and Great Britain and, in particular, American allegations of British collusion with regard to shipbuilding for the Southern Confederacy during the American Civil War. The Arbitrators ultimately found Britain liable, and awarded $15,500,000 to the United States. This decision remains controversial to the extent that it rested on rules which were not yet accepted as principles of general international law, and which clearly favoured the case of the United States from the outset. It is thus the purpose of this article to explore the facts behind the Geneva Arbitration, and to argue that the finding of British liability in Geneva marked the beginning decline of the laws of neutrality. Neutral Countries […] may be exploited by the Great Powers both strategically and as a source of additional armies and fleets. Of central importance to the game are those Neutral Countries and provinces which are designated as “Supply Centres.” […] A player's fighting strength is directly related to the number of Supply Centres he or she controls, whilst the game is won when one player controls at least 18 Supply Centres.
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Jacobson, Charles D., i Joel A. Tarr. "Patterns and Policy Choices in Infrastructure History: The United States, France, and Great Britain". Public Works Management & Policy 1, nr 1 (lipiec 1996): 60–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087724x9600100107.
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The United States, England, and France have used a variety of forms to deliver urban services and infrastructures over time. Historically, government has been the dominant factor in the delivery of infrastructures for which no user fee is charged, whereas a variety of forms have been followed when there are user fees. This article examines changing forms of service delivery systems in the areas of water supply, mass transportation, and electrical supply in the three nations. Alterations in the form of delivery have been shaped by institutional and cultural factors and unique national styles. All three nations have moved in the direction of privatization of service delivery, but their experience shows that although privatization can reduce government's role in areas where it is poorly suited, proper oversight and maintenance of competition are vital functions.
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Madgwick, R., A. L. Lamb, H. Sloane, A. J. Nederbragt, U. Albarella, M. Parker Pearson i J. A. Evans. "Multi-isotope analysis reveals that feasts in the Stonehenge environs and across Wessex drew people and animals from throughout Britain". Science Advances 5, nr 3 (marzec 2019): eaau6078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau6078.
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The great henge complexes of southern Britain are iconic monuments of the third millennium BCE, representing great feats of engineering and labor mobilization that hosted feasting events on a previously unparalleled scale. The scale of movement and the catchments that the complexes served, however, have thus far eluded understanding. Presenting the largest five-isotope system archeological dataset (87Sr/86Sr, δ34S, δ18O, δ13C, and δ15N) yet fully published, we analyze 131 pigs, the prime feasting animals, from four Late Neolithic (approximately 2800 to 2400 BCE) complexes to explore the networks that the feasts served. Because archeological evidence excludes continental contact, sources are considered only in the context of the British Isles. This analysis reveals wide-ranging origins across Britain, with few pigs raised locally. This finding demonstrates great investment of effort in transporting pigs raised elsewhere over vast distances to supply feasts and evidences the very first phase of pan-British connectivity.
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SHESTAKOVA, I. A. "MINISTRY OF WAR AND COLONIAL AFFAIRS AND ADMINISTRATION OF THE BRITISH COLONIAL TERRITORIES IN THE LATE XVIII – EARLY XIX CENTURIES". JOURNAL OF PUBLIC AND MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION 10, nr 2 (2021): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2225-8272-2021-10-2-61-69.
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The main purpose of the article is to analyze the activities of the Ministry of War and Colonial Affairs and the admin-istration of the British colonial territories in the late late XVIII – early XIX centuries. The article examines the pro-cess of creating an effective system of administration of the British Empire in the late XVIII – early XIX centuries. An important part of which was the formation of the Minis-try of War and Colonial Affairs, which actually became the first body of the central administration of the colonies of Great Britain. The end of hostilities in 1815 gave a new impetus to the development of the Ministry of War and Colonial Affairs as the institution which main activity was to consider colonial cases in all their diversity. In this regard, emphasizing the main part of the work of this body, in the post-war period, the Ministry began increasingly to be called simply Colonial.
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Kolmakov, M. A. "BRITISH PRIME MINISTER FIGHT ROBERT WALPOLE WITH THE OPPOSITION IN THE 20S OF THE XVIII CENTURY." Vestnik Bryanskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta 07, nr 02 (30.06.2023): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.22281/2413-9912-2023-07-02-79-90.
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Robert Walpole was first elected to Parliament in 1701. At the beginning of his political career he worked in many parliamentary committees. In 1721 Walpole becomes the first Prime Minister of Great Britain. During the remainder of George I's reign, Walpole's influence steadily increased in the upper echelons of power. At this time, the principles of Walpole's interaction with the British crown, parliament and government were laid as part of the internal political struggle. The politician gradually consolidates his power at the government level, developing a new internal model of the state structure, which consisted in strengthening the power of the Whig group through a system of political control over the opposition in parliament and the ministry. The main goal of Walpole's domestic policy was to have MPs and ministers work in the interests of the Hanoverian dynasty, thereby distributing finances among their opponents in the Whig faction. In such realities, the political power of the opposition gradually decreased, and Walpole's influence over the king, parliament and ministries gradually increased. As a result, Walpole kept Parliament and the ministry on his side by supporting the Hanoverian dynasty, including through the introduction of low export duties and a reduction in the public debt. The activity of Robert Walpole was a reflection of the domestic policy of Great Britain in the 20s of the XVIII century, which showed the trends and moods that existed in the country.
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Zorochkina, Tetiana. "Innovative approaches to improving qualifications of the primary school teachers in the Great Britain". Scientific visnyk V.O. Sukhomlynskyi Mykolaiv National University. Pedagogical Sciences 65, nr 2 (2019): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.33310/2518-7813-2019-65-2-95-100.
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The article examines the approaches to improving the skills of primary school teachers in the UK. Criteria for upgrading and retraining UK teaching staff are highlighted. Teacher training courses are held at different educational institutions: at institutes of pedagogy of higher educational institutions, with independent advisory groups, with the Department of Education and Science, at teacher centers, with local educational authorities, at school. Short-term advanced training courses are divided into: one-day; three days; five to six day courses; vacation courses. Long-term courses include three-year advanced training courses. During the courses of advanced training teachers are engaged in research activities under the direction of university tutors. The main advisory and analytical body for teacher qualifications is the Royal Inspection Service. It has a widespread network across the country, comprised of local education departments. The inspectorate service is intended, based on the analysis of the quality of educational programs, to identify trends in the development of the system of advanced training, to predict the effects of planned projects, and to prepare recommendations for the Ministry of Education and Science to determine the most relevant and forward looking directions for improving the system of professional standards for teachers. The teacher education system serves a prominent system of public education. Understanding the need for organizing mass retraining of teachers in Britain has been growing in pedagogical circles since the last century, when intensive primary education was developing. Since then and to this day, discussions about the most rational ways of updating the teacher education system are not dying. The main advisory and analytical body for teacher qualifications is the Royal Inspection Service. It has a widespread network across the country, comprised of local education departments. Both local and national authorities of this service are actively involved in the analysis and evaluation of the effectiveness of all work aimed at supporting and developing the professional skills of school teachers. The inspectorate service is intended, based on the analysis of the quality of educational programs, to identify trends in the development of the system of advanced training, to predict the effects of planned projects, and to prepare recommendations for the Ministry of Education and Science to determine the most relevant and forward looking directions for improving the system of professional standards for teachers.
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Aslikhah, Aslikhah, i Alimatul Faridah. "Strategi Penguatan Halal Supply Chain Di Indonesia Dalam Menghadapi Global Islamic Economy". Jurnal Istiqro 7, nr 1 (8.02.2021): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.30739/istiqro.v7i1.724.
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Muslim and non-Muslim communities in several countries in the world have taken great opportunities in the halal industry. Countries with a majority Muslim population compete with each other to become the world's halal supply chain. The purpose of writing this article is to find out 1) the KNKS strategy on strengthening the halal supply chain for halal products in Indonesia 2) The strategy of the Ministry of National Development Planning in accelerating the halal supply chain of the halal industry in Indonesia 3) To determine economic conditions of Indonesia in the global Islamic Economy. This article uses secondary data obtained through reports on the GIE 2020/2021 Report, KNKS, and the Ministry of National Development Planning. Data analysis in this article uses four stages, namely data reduction, data categorization, then data verification, and finally with data display. Conclusions are drawn by describing the report in the tables. It can be concluded that, with a large population and a Muslim majority as a destination country for investment in halal products, the strategies undertaken by stakeholders are directed at strengthening Indonesia's halal supply chain towards the world's halal axis.
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Osborne, Patrick E. "Key issues in assessing the feasibility of reintroducing the great bustard Otis tarda to Britain". Oryx 39, nr 1 (styczeń 2005): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605305000050.
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The great bustard is a globally-threatened species needing conservation action across Europe. This paper discusses key issues in the case for reintroducing the bird to Britain. Great bustards became extinct as a breeding species in Britain in 1832 probably as a result of hunting, agricultural change and inclement weather. The factors that caused the loss are no longer thought to operate. Suitable habitat exists in pockets across England and especially on Salisbury Plain where a large area is protected for military training and conservation purposes. The Plain combines short grass areas for lekking, long grassland for feeding and adjacent arable land for nesting. Pilot studies on arthropods in long grassland suggest that their density is sufficient for chick-rearing but the precautionary creation of additional food-rich areas among arable crops is recommended. Genetic studies indicate that Britain's bustards probably belonged to the central European group and that restocking should not use birds from Iberia. Only Russia has sufficient birds to supply a reintroduction project and losses there through nest destruction are high. By rescuing eggs, artificially incubating them and transporting chicks to Britain, the project should have zero detriment to the donor population. Modelling indicates that 40 chicks will need to be brought to Britain for 5–10 years to build a founder population of 100 birds. Although focused on direct action in Britain, the project will promote grassland conservation across Europe and serve as a model for translocating bustards elsewhere.
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Castro, Manuel. "Assessing the risk profile to security of supply in the electricity market of Great Britain". Energy Policy 111 (grudzień 2017): 148–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2017.09.031.
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Merk, Christine, Katrin Rehdanz i Carsten Schröder. "How consumers trade off supply security and green electricity: Evidence from Germany and Great Britain". Energy Economics 84 (październik 2019): 104528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2019.104528.
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Haben, Stephen, Julien Caudron i Jake Verma. "Probabilistic Day-Ahead Wholesale Price Forecast: A Case Study in Great Britain". Forecasting 3, nr 3 (28.08.2021): 596–632. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/forecast3030038.
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The energy sector is moving towards a low-carbon, decentralised, and smarter network. The increased uptake of distributed renewable energy and cheaper storage devices provide opportunities for new local energy markets. These local energy markets will require probabilistic price forecasting models to better describe the future price uncertainty. This article considers the application of probabilistic electricity price forecasting models to the wholesale market of Great Britain (GB) and compares them to better understand their capabilities and limits. One of the models that this paper considers is a recent novel X-model that predicts the full supply and demand curves from the bid-stack. The advantage of this model is that it better captures price spikes in the data. In this paper, we provide an adjustment to the model to handle data from GB. In addition to this, we then consider and compare two time-series approaches and a simple benchmark. We compare both point forecasts and probabilistic forecasts on real wholesale price data from GB and consider both point and probabilistic measures.
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Goncharenko, A. V. "GREAT BRITAIN AND COLONIAL CONTRADITIONS IN THE PERIOD OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR 1914-1918 (BACKGROUND IS THE DOCUMENTS OF THE MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE)". Sums'ka Starovyna (Ancient Sumy Land), nr 55 (2019): 46–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/starovyna.2019.55.4.
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The article investigates Britain’s position in colonial contradictions during World War I, based on the use of documents from Russia’s foreign policy department. The causes, course and consequences of the intensification of British politics in the colonial problem are described. The process of formation and implementation of London’s foreign policy initiatives in the colonial issue during the study period is examined. There are analyzed the role of Great Britain in the intensification of the colonial struggle between the great states during the First World War (1914-1918) and its perception by diplomatic representatives of the Russian Empire. During the First World War of 1914-1918, a set of problems and approaches to them were crystallized, which had a serious impact on the colonial contradictions between the great states in general and the position of Great Britain in this problem in particular. There is a considerable contrast between the methods of politics and the aspirations of the leading countries of the world at that time - Japan and Russia - on the one hand, and the United Kingdom and France - on the other. France is increasingly convinced that close co-operation in these matters with London is the only guarantee of the success of its colonialism. In addition, during the First World War, the new industrial states (Germany, Italy, and Japan) sought to capture the colonies for the sake of confirming their new status in the world, and the great colonial powers of the past (Spain, Portugal, the Netherlands) - to hold on to the rest for the sake of preservation of ephemeral international prestige, Russia - to expansion. The largest colonial empires - Great Britain and France were interested in maintaining the status quo. Whitehall’s policy on the colonial issue, at the time, can be traced to a very definite line, confirming the message of Russian diplomats linked to attempts to preserve the situation in their remote possessions and not get involved in conflicts and expensive measures where this can be avoided. In this sense, the British government has shown some flexibility and foresight - the relative weakening of the empire’s military and economic power about of the emergence of new, rapidly developing industrial powers and the achievement of colonies of certain selfsufficiency, made it necessary to revise traditional foreign policy. London was already unable to fully control the situation at sea, as well as to ensure the security of its vast possessions. Therefore, block cooperation with countries with close geopolitical interests comes to the fore, and policy in the colonies is gradually transformed from an expansionist one to a stabilization one aimed at reducing the costs of the metropolis and preventing potential conflicts in strategically important areas. In addition, Britain’s interests in the colonial issue largely coincide with the position of the United States, which also seeks to ensure “open doors” and “equal opportunities” instead of military-political contest. Key words: the Great Britain, First World War, international relationships, foreign policy, colonialism, colonial contradictions.
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KHUDAYBERDIEV, AZIZ. "Italian and British policy in Yemen between two world wars". Sharqshunoslik. Востоковедение. Oriental Studies 02, nr 02 (1.09.2022): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/os/vol-01issue-02-13.
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Based on the documents of the National Archives of India, including diplomatic correspondence of the Foreign Office, the Ministry of Colonies, minutes of meetings classified as "secret", this article reveals the features of the policy of Italy and Great Britain in the south of the Arabian Peninsula in the 20-30s of the XX century. The relevance of this article topic lies in the fact that even after 100 years, in the 20s of the XXIst century, Yemen remains as the object of interference by the external actors, rivalry and attempts to divide this country. The article examines the methods used by Italy and Great Britain to expand their influence in the Red Sea, in particular, attempts to win over the ruler of Asir al-Idrisi and the ruler of Northern Yemen Imam Yahya. It was revealed that Great Britain and Italy focused their efforts on unleashing the Saudi-Yemeni war, aiming to weaken Yemen and Hijazo-Nejd. At the same time, each of the parties hoped to strengthen their own influence in the Red Sea basin. The article shows that Italy had certain economic interests in Yemen. The use of Yemen as a market for Italian products, the profitable trade of the famous Yemeni coffee, the monopoly on the sale of petroleum products in Yemen and other trade advantages provided by Imam Yahya in return for Italian aid, allowed the Italians to receive some additional profits. The reorientation of Yemeni trade from Aden to Massawa would significantly reduce the role of the British colony and increase the importance of Italian colony Eritrea. As a result of the study, it is concluded that the rivalry in the south of the Arabian Peninsula between Great Britain and Italy, in which the ruler of Northern Yemen, Imam Yahya, saw the threat of a new enslavement of Yemen, largely contributed to the choice of isolation policy, which, on the one hand, helped to preserve the independence of the country, but, on the other hand, slowed down the economic and socio-political progress of Yemen.
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Duka, Oleh. "Some Countries’ Experience in Organizing Professional Training and Activity of Probation Officers". Comparative Professional Pedagogy 7, nr 4 (1.12.2017): 98–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rpp-2017-0056.
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Abstract In the article, some countries’ experience in organizing professional training and activities of probation officers has been analyzed. Based on comparative analysis of activities of the Probation Institute abroad, it has been determined that probation service has different functional and organizational features in individual countries. For instance, probation service in different countries is subordinate to different agencies. Thus, probation service in Great Britain, Denmark, Japan, Finland, Norway, Latvia, the Czech Republic and Estonia is under the control of the Ministry of Justice; in the USA, Germany, Hungary, it is subordinate to the judiciary; in the Netherlands – public prosecutor’s office; in Sweden – prison authorities; in Singapore, probation service is under the guidance of the Ministry of Community Development and Sports. Another difference consists in the fact that in some countries the law defines probation as punishment (Sweden, Finland, Latvia), whereas in other countries it refers to some criminal measures (Great Britain), exemption from punishment (Estonia) or is not determined at all (the USA). Despite the differences, the goals and means of achieving them in each probation service are similar in the context of criminal law. The approaches to professional training of probation officers have been analyzed and relevant conclusions have been drawn regarding organization of probation officers’ professional training in Ukraine. In particular, work with offenders should be performed by highly qualified specialists who have a degree and who have passed specialized training courses in educational institutions subordinate to probation authorities. It is important that the content of probation officers’ professional training should be constantly updated, taking into account new approaches and methods of working with convicts, which are recognized as effective.
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Haghi, Ehsan, Meysam Qadrdan, Jianzhong Wu, Nick Jenkins, Michael Fowler i Kaamran Raahemifar. "An iterative approach for optimal decarbonization of electricity and heat supply systems in the Great Britain". Energy 201 (czerwiec 2020): 117611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.117611.
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Johnes, Geraint. "Supply‐side Stimuli in the Labour Market: Estimating Important Variables for the Regions of Great Britain". International Journal of Manpower 14, nr 5 (maj 1993): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437729310033313.
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Moore, P. G. "The supply of marine biological specimens (principally animals) for teaching and research in Great Britain from the nineteenth century until today". Archives of Natural History 39, nr 2 (październik 2012): 281–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2012.0095.
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The nineteenth-century growth of biology, particularly as developed in Germany, was focused initially on morphology and anatomy. In Britain, the growth of biology followed T. H. Huxley's principle of teaching the characters of certain plants and animals selected as types of vegetable and animal organization, which brought demands for marine specimens for dissection. The history of the provision of such material in Britain is investigated, particularly apropos of the Marine Station at Millport. Supplementary information is presented on the equally long-standing specimen trade at Plymouth and on two small commercial concerns that supplied marine specimens (from the Isle of Luing and Shoreham-by-Sea). The demise of the specimen-supply trade in Britain in recent decades has resulted from curriculum changes in schools and universities no longer requiring students to do dissections (relating also to Health and Safety concerns about formalin-preserved material); and biology departments that can often no longer, as a result of financial stringency, afford the “luxury” of supplying students with the range of practical experiences that previous generations once valued so highly. The concern among some students about the ethics, or religious strictures, surrounding dissection is acknowledged. The need for biological conservation is stressed, as too, the need for awareness of the risks posed by alien species introduced into foreign ecosystems via international trade in live marine organisms.
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Pyczel, Joanna Gabriela. "Organizacja i funkcjonowanie duszpasterstwa wyznania prawosławnego w Wojsku Polskim na Zachodzie w latach 1941-1943". Elpis 23 (2021): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/elpis.2021.23.08.
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In 1940, the British side granted formal consent for the establishment of the Polish Armed Forces on its territory. At the operational level, they were to be subordinated to the command of the British Army. Among the Polish troops stationed in the British Isles at the time were soldiers of the Orthodox faith. They represented an ethnic mosaic. The followers of the Orthodox Church serving in the army and navy included Poles, Belarusians, Ukrainians, Ruthenians and Russians. In the beginning providing Orthodox soldiers with permanent pastoral care posed a problem mainly due to the lack of a chaplain of that denomination. This continued until the beginning of 1941. At that time, the head of the Orthodox military ministry was established for the branches of the Polish Army in Great Britain. The intention of the text was to present the process of creating a pastoral ministry, the activities undertaken by the clergy and the difficulties that they had to overcome in their service.
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Newson, S., P. Mitchell, M. Parsons, S. O’Brien, G. Austin, S. Benn, J. Black i in. "Population decline of Leach’s Storm-petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa within the largest colony in Britain and Ireland". Seabird Journal, nr 21 (2008): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.61350/sbj.22.77.
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This study used diurnal playback of vocalisations to examine the abundance of breeding Leach’s Storm-petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa on Dun, St Kilda in 2003 and 2006 in relation to the only previous survey conducted using similar methodology in 1999. The number of Apparently Occupied Sites in 2006 was 12,770, not significantly different to the 14,490 found in 2003, but significantly lower than the 27,811 found in 1999, by 54%. The magnitude and rate of the decline are of major conservation concern. Great Skua Stercorarius skua predation is thought the most likely cause but other factors such as poor food supply cannot be ruled out. The importance of continued monitoring of Leach’s Storm-petrel and Great Skua is discussed.
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Newson, S., P. Mitchell, M. Parsons, S. O’Brien, G. Austin, S. Benn, J. Black i in. "Population decline of Leach’s Storm-petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa within the largest colony in Britain and Ireland". Seabird Journal 21 (2008): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.61350/sbj.21.77.
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This study used diurnal playback of vocalisations to examine the abundance of breeding Leach’s Storm-petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa on Dun, St Kilda in 2003 and 2006 in relation to the only previous survey conducted using similar methodology in 1999. The number of Apparently Occupied Sites in 2006 was 12,770, not significantly different to the 14,490 found in 2003, but significantly lower than the 27,811 found in 1999, by 54%. The magnitude and rate of the decline are of major conservation concern. Great Skua Stercorarius skua predation is thought the most likely cause but other factors such as poor food supply cannot be ruled out. The importance of continued monitoring of Leach’s Storm-petrel and Great Skua is discussed.
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Lacomba Montes, Paula, i Alejandro Campos Uribe. "From classrooms to Centres: Mary and David Medd’s contribution to postwar school design in Britain". Architectural Research Quarterly 24, nr 3 (wrzesień 2020): 251–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135520000287.
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This paper reports on the primary school design processes carried out around the 1940s in the County of Hertfordshire in Great Britain, which later evolved into innovative strategies developed by Mary and David Medd in the Ministry of Education from the late 1950s. The whole process, undertaken during more than three decades, reveals a way of breaking with the traditional spatial conception of a school. The survey of the period covered has allowed an in-depth understanding of how learning spaces could be transformed by challenging the conventional school model of closed rooms, suggesting a new way of understanding learning spaces as a group of Centres rather than classrooms. Historians have thoroughly shown the ample scope of this process, which involved many professionals, fostering a true cross-disciplinary endeavour where the curriculum and the learning spaces were developed in close collaboration. A selection of schools built in the county has been used to typologically analyse how architectural changes began to arise and later flourished at the Ministry of Education. The Medds had indeed a significant role through the development of a design process known as the Built-in variety and the Planning Ingredients. A couple of examples will clarify some of these strategies, revealing how the design of educational space could successfully respond to an active way of learning.
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Mtesa, Love. "Commentary: Developing Countries Perspective on Agricultural Liberalization". Global Economy Journal 5, nr 4 (7.12.2005): 1850053. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1524-5861.1140.
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A commentary on Patrick Messerlin's article, "Agricultural Trade Liberalization." Love Mtesa is Zambian Ambassador to the United Nations and other international organizations in Geneva, including the WTO. He is the Coordinator for the Least Developed Countries at the Ambassadorial level. Ambassador Mtesa joined the Zambian Foreign Service in 1966 and later served [in]: Kinshasa, Congo; Addis Ababa, Ethiopa; as Director of the African and Middle East Department in the Zambian Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Harare, Zimbabwe; as Zambia’s Permanent Representative at the United Nations in New York; and as Zambian Ambassador to Great Britain and other European nations. He has also been active in opposition politics in Zambia for a number of years.
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Mwamsamali, O. K. K., i A. W. Mayo. "Gender mainstreaming in integrated rural water supply and sanitation project in Mzimba, Malawi". Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 4, nr 2 (6.02.2014): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2014.111.
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Gender mainstreaming in the water sector in Malawi was analyzed using the Mzimba Integrated Rural Water Supply and Sanitation (IRWSS) project as a case in point. Information required for the study was obtained through interviews, administering a set of questionnaires and data collecting from existing documents. The results show that women in decision-making positions at head office of the Ministry responsible for water affairs only constitute about 11.1%. Assessment of the budget allocations has revealed that previously no budgetary allocations were made for gender issues, and that since the 2006/07 fiscal year about US$14,286 was allocated for gender mainstreaming. Women's involvement in local governance institutions and project activities in Mzimba is generally high. Most local water committees have 60% women and 40% men, whereas participation in project activities is highly rated at 97.2%. To improve gender balance, the Ministry responsible for water has to work with stakeholders in the education sector. Besides, great disparities still exist between men's and women's participation in water projects at a local level (97.2% for women) and a person's socioeconomic position greatly affects their inclusion in the local governance structures. Addressing these issues would, therefore, result in better gender integration in the water sector.
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Owens, E. J. "The Kremna Aqueduct and Water Supply in Roman Cities". Greece and Rome 38, nr 1 (kwiecień 1991): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001738350002297x.
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A good supply of water was rightly regarded as one of the essential commodities for the maintenance of urban life in the ancient world. One of the major problems with which city authorities had to deal was the maintenance of adequate supplies of water to satisfy the domestic, public, recreational, and industrial demands of the inhabitants. The Romans were particularly renowned for their hydraulic technology in general and the construction of aqueducts in particular, often bringing water from great distances. The geographer Strabo praised the engineering skills of the Romans, maintaining that veritable rivers of water flowed by means of aqueducts through the city of Rome. Close on a century later the first curator of Rome's water supply and one-time military governor of Britain, Sextus Julius Frontinus stated the same, if a little more pointedly, when he compared the achievements of the Romans in the field of water supply with the ‘idle pyramids of the Egyptians or the glorious but useless monuments of the Greeks’.
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Shouran, Mokhtar, Fatih Anayi, Michael Packianather i Monier Habil. "Load Frequency Control Based on the Bees Algorithm for the Great Britain Power System". Designs 5, nr 3 (2.08.2021): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs5030050.
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This paper focuses on using the Bees Algorithm (BA) to tune the parameters of the proposed Fuzzy Proportional–Integral–Derivative with Filtered derivative (Fuzzy PIDF), Fractional Order PID (FOPID) controller and classical PID controller developed to stabilize and balance the frequency in the Great Britain (GB) power system at rated value. These controllers are proposed to meet the requirements of the GB Security and Quality of Supply Standard (GB-SQSS), which requires frequency to be brought back to its nominal value after a disturbance within a specified time. This work is extended to employ the proposed fuzzy structure controller in a dual-area interconnected power system. In comparison with controllers tuned by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Teaching Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO) used for the same systems, simulation results show that the Fuzzy PIDF tuned by BA is able to significantly reduce the deviation in the frequency and tie-line power when a sudden disturbance is applied. Furthermore, the applied controllers tuned by BA including the Fuzzy PIDF prove their high robustness against a wide range of system parametric uncertainties and different load disturbances.
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Taylor, Kieran D. "The relief of Belgian refugees in the archdiocese of Glasgow during the First World War: ‘A Crusade of Christianity’". Innes Review 69, nr 2 (listopad 2018): 147–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/inr.2018.0173.
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The relief of Belgian refugees in Britain is an emerging area of study in the history of the First World War. About 250,000 Belgian refugees came to Great Britain, and at least 19,000 refugees came to Scotland, with the majority hosted in Glasgow. While relief efforts in Scotland were co-ordinated and led by the Glasgow Corporation, the Catholic Church also played a significant role in the day-to-day lives of refugees who lived in the city. This article examines the Archdiocese of Glasgow's assistance of Belgian refugees during the war. It considers first the Catholic Church's stance towards the War and the relief of Belgian refugees. The article then outlines the important role the Church played in providing accommodation, education and religious ministry to Belgian refugees in Glasgow. It does this by tracing the work of the clergy and by examining popular opinion in Catholic media. The article establishes that the Church and the Catholic community regarded the relief and reception of Belgian refugees as an act of religious solidarity.
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Naturkach, R. P. "The purpose and instruments of the monetary policy of the central banks of the EU member states and Great Britain, their legal basis". Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 1, nr 82 (16.05.2024): 230–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2024.82.1.34.
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The scientific article is devoted to the study of the purpose of the monetary policy of the central banks of the EU member states and Great Britain, its instruments and legal acts, in which they are fixed. The legislation of the member countries of the European Union (Germany, France, Spain, Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary) and Great Britain, modern approaches in the science of constitutional and administrative law regarding the definition of the goal of the monetary policy of the central banks of the member countries of the EU, and the range of its instruments are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the purpose and functions of national banks are interrelated, but not identical. The concept of the goal of the monetary policy of the Central Banks of the EU member states, the activities and instruments of the monetary policy, the functions of the central bank of the EU member states are delineated. It is argued that reducing the purpose of the activities of the central banks of EU member states and Great Britain exclusively to the implementation of legal regulation of currency circulation in the state and that the main purpose of the central banks of such EU member states as the Czech Republic, Poland, and Hungary is purely to ensure the stability of the currency - is not justified. It is argued that the main joint functions of the central banks of Germany, France, Spain, Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Great Britain are to ensure the stability of the monetary unit, to promote the maintenance of sustainable rates of economic growth, to achieve and maintain price stability in the state, and to support economic policy. It is established that the goal of the monetary policy of the central banks of the EU member states is to ensure price stability, and it is additionally substantiated that the inflationary inclination of the financial policy is the most effective. It was established that the accounting policy, the interest rate policy, and the regulation of mandatory reserve norms, the volume of the money supply, operations on the open market and operations with credit resources, the amount of interest rates, interest rates of the mandatory reserve of banks are not the purpose of monetary and credit policies, instruments of monetary policy of the central banks of EU member states and Great Britain.
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Seneque, Megan, Sue Miller, Ermal Kirby, Jill Marsh, Charity Nzegwu, Bevan Powell i Adrian Roux. "Striving for Justice". Journal of Awareness-Based Systems Change 1, nr 2 (30.11.2021): 127–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.47061/jabsc.v1i2.1950.
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Black ministry has historically found itself at the intersection of theology and racial justice. In this dialogue, a group of people, both ordained and lay, discuss their work in the Methodist Church in Great Britain, taking a deep look at self and system through the lens of justice and inclusion. The Methodist Church has a long history of grappling with issues of (racial) justice. In 2019, at a Racial Justice Symposium convened by the Methodist Church, participants engaged in an awareness-based systems change process to take a deep dive into what it means to shape inclusive community. Theory U (Scharmer 2016, 2018; Scharmer & Kaufer, 2013) provided the overarching framework and key principles for this journey of co-inquiry.
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Brewer, Mike, Alan Duncan, Andrew Shephard i María José Suárez. "Did working families' tax credit work? The impact of in-work support on labour supply in Great Britain". Labour Economics 13, nr 6 (grudzień 2006): 699–720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2005.11.002.
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Do, Hung Xuan, Rabindra Nepal i Tooraj Jamasb. "Electricity market integration, decarbonisation and security of supply: Dynamic volatility connectedness in the Irish and Great Britain markets". Energy Economics 92 (październik 2020): 104947. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2020.104947.
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Sahuichenko, Valentyna Volodymyrivna. "In an orbit of the European philosophy of education: a look from within the Ukrainian participant of the congress of 2018". Filosofiya osvity. Philosophy of Education 24, nr 1 (4.12.2019): 258–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31874/2309-1606-2019-24-1-258-270.
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The author of article shares the impressions of participation in the 8th congress of the Polish society of philosophical pedagogics of Bronislav F. Trentovsky devoted to the 100-anniversary of the Polish philosophy of education which took place with participation of communities of Poland, Great Britain, Ukraine. Acted as organizers the Ministry of science and the Higher education of Poland, Ministry of Education and Science of Great Britain. The attention to communities of theoretical philosophical and cultural approaches of the European researchers, but different results in practical activities of scientific and practical workers is focused that can be tracked by results of sociological researches on questions of priorities of the choice of training in higher educational institutions of Europe and, in particular, Poland. They testify in favor of the choice of the Polish higher educational institutions and desire of the Ukrainian students graduates to remain after the end of training in Poland. The purpose of article is identification of methodological opportunities of the analysis of an educational perspective diversely of communicative action of Jürgen Habermas which allows to consider educational institutions together with subjects of communicative and strategic actions.
In conclusions it is emphasized that the regulatory construct of perfect communicative community offered by Habermas focuses agents and addressees of educational and educational actions on reaching consensus in understanding of prospects of development of educational institutions. At the same time, this theory demands addition with methodological practices of N. Luhmann in which theory of self- reference social systems educational institutions and, first of all, an educational system, are considered as self-reference communication during which internal paradoxes educational and educative the practice which are wrongly interpreted in system self-descriptions as organizational and institutional and such which demand reformatory efforts from the outside though it is possible to eliminate such paradoxicality through selection of meanings of own autopoiesis come to light.
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Pyczel, Joanna Gabriela. "Organizacja i funkcjonowanie duszpasterstwa wyznania prawosławnego w Wojsku Polskim na Zachodzie w latach 1943-1945". Elpis 22 (2020): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/elpis.2020.22.01.
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In 1943 significant change occurred in the history of the Orthodox military pastoral ministry in the Polish Armed Forces in the West. It was related to the appointment of a military Orthodox bishop. This function was taken over by the former Bishop of Grodno-Nowogrodek Sawa (Sovetov). He was considered to be the only hierarch of the Polish Autocephalous Orthodox Church, which remained faithful to the principles of autocephaly. His efforts to defend the independence of Polish Orthodoxy were indispensable at the time. The period during which Bishop Sawa performed the function of military Orthodox bishop in Great Britain and on the continent contributed to the development of this religion’s ministry. He rose to the tasks entrusted to him, which was appreciated by the military and political authorities. Shortly after the war, Bishop Sawa was awarded, among others, with the Gold Cross of Merit with Swords. As a military Orthodox bishop he proved himself as a zealous patriot and tireless priest who tried to provide proper spiritual care to all Polish soldiers. The purpose of the following article is to present the selection process of a military Orthodox priest in the Polish Armed Forces in the West, the circumstances in which the decision was made to appoint Bishop Sawa, his actions and the difficulties he had to overcome during his ministry.
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Mokromenko, O. "The components of content of elementary education at three stages of elementary education development in Great Britain in the 19 th century". New Collegium 3, nr 105 (22.11.2021): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30837/nc.2021.3.59.
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The article investigates the issue of the experience in theory and practice of elementary education organizing in Great Britain during the 19 th century. Special attention is given to elementary education content. The role of changing content at three stages of elementary education development has been defined according to social and political, cultural and pedagogical prerequisites. The content components of elementary education at three stages of elementary education development in Great Britain in the 19 th century have been analyzed. Lack of common, compulsory and legal content at first two stages has been proved. Dependence of elementary education content on the types of elementary education schools and pupils social classes of Great Britain of the 19 th century has been determined. General orientation of elementary education content at three stages of elementary education development has been identified. It is concluded that content of elementary education at three stages has its own characteristics. The main disciplines are Writing, Arithmetic, Reading Catechism and Craft. Secondary disciplines are the Sciences. Condensed character of elementary education at the first two stages has been denoted. Elementary education content was characterized by case studies on English, it was based on work education and teaching of writing, reading and arithmetic at the third stage. It was a lack of common curriculum in the elementary education schools at first two stages. One of the significant disadvantages of elementary education content at the first two stages is the prohibition of learning national languages at schools of Scotland and Wales. Elementary education content at the third stage has been expanded by compulsory curriculum in English writing, reading and arithmetic for all elementary education schools throughout the country. Sciences and Art disciplines have been introduced at the third stage. Compulsory religious education at the third stage has been prohibited for all elementary education schools. Content of elementary education at the third stage has been concretized by elementary education schools committees, Ministry of People Education and its commissions.
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Matchanov, Fakhriddin. "Analysis of the material well-being of prisoners in some foreign countries". Jurisprudence 1, nr 2 (10.12.2021): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.51788/tsul.jurisprudence.1.2./tqfx8486.
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"The article provides an analysis of the material well-being of prisoners in some foreign countries. In addition, in order to find a theoretical and practical solution to the problem posed in the article, a number of conclusions were provided. In particular, it was emphasized that Uzbekistan, as an equal subject of the world community, recognizing the generally recognized norms and rules of international law, regardless of our desire, should not allow the functioning of the penitentiary system in military or paramilitary structures. When analyzing the material well-being of prisoners, the article also included the development of a new concept covering at least fifteen or twenty years of the functioning of the penitentiary system, with an approximate but realistic time frame, without a hasty solution to this issue. This article analyzes the fact that in all countries that it is wrong to say that the penitentiary system is under the control of the Ministry of Justice. In Great Britain, for example, the Ministry of Internal Affairs runs the penitentiary system. It is clear from this that this issue, related to the internal policy of each state, is also closely related to its economy. "
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HAJT, Sławomir, i Grzegorz STANKIEWICZ. "CHARAKTERISTICS OF THE FUNCTIONAL AND TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS USED IN THE LOGISTIC SUBSYSTEM OF SUPPLYING OF GREAT BRITAIN, THE USA, FRANCE AND GERMANY – PART II". Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 160, nr 2 (1.04.2011): 58–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0002.2956.
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In the first part of the article authors introduced selected operational and tactical aspects which are determining the size of material needs contemporary transport technologies of the armies in the contemporary armed struggle. Moreover there was described an overall characteristics of contemporary transport technologies. Furthermore in the context generally identified material needs of the armies in the military peacekeeping and stabilization operations authors introduced functional and technical solutions being used in the American and British supply subsystem of the land forces.Currently presented text in is fully devoted to characteristics of functional and technical solutions applied in the supply subsystem of France and Germany.
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Wrigley, E. Anthony. "Reconsidering the Industrial Revolution: England and Wales". Journal of Interdisciplinary History 49, nr 1 (czerwiec 2018): 9–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh_a_01230.
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In the mid-sixteenth century, England was a small country on the periphery of Europe with an economy less advanced than those of several of its continental neighbors. In 1851, the Great Exhibition both symbolized and displayed the technological and economic lead that Britain had then taken. A half-century later, however, there were only minor differences between the leading economies of Western Europe. To gain insight into both the long period during which Britain outpaced its neighbors and the decades when its lead evaporated, it is illuminating to focus on the energy supply. Energy is expended in all productive activities. The contrast between the limitations inherent to organic economies dependent on the annual round of plant photosynthesis for energy and the possibilities open to an economy able to make effective use of the vast quantity of energy available in coal measures is key both to the understanding of the lengthy period of Britain’s relative success and to its subsequent swift decline.