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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Great Britain. Mental Health Act 2007"
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Meltzer, H., P. Vostanis, T. Ford, P. Bebbington i M. S. Dennis. "Victims of bullying in childhood and suicide attempts in adulthood". European Psychiatry 26, nr 8 (listopad 2011): 498–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2010.11.006.
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AbstractPurposeTo examine whether self-reported exposure to bullying during childhood is associated with suicide attempts over the life course, and if so, what mechanisms could account for this relationship.Subjects and methodsA random probability sample comprising 7461 respondents was interviewed for the 2007 survey of psychiatric morbidity of adults in Great Britain. Survey respondents were asked about suicidal attempts and whether they were bullied in childhood.ResultsRecall of being bullied in childhood decreased with age from 25% of 16–24-year-olds to 4% among those 75 or over with few differences in the proportions between men and women. Bullying co-occurred with several victimisation experiences including sexual abuse and severe beatings and with running away from home. Even after controlling for lifetime factors known to increase the risk of suicidal behaviour, adults who reported bullying in childhood were still more than twice as likely as other adults to attempt suicide later in life.DiscussionBeing the victim of bullying involves the experience of suffering a defeat and humiliation that in turn could lead to entrapment, hopelessness, depression and suicidal behaviour.ConclusionsBullying is already known to be associated with substantial distress and other negative consequences and this further evidence of a strong correlation with the risk of suicide in later life should increase further the motivation of society, services and citizens to act decisively to reduce bullying in childhood.
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Horne, John. "Foreword". International Journal of Mental Health and Capacity Law 1, nr 16 (8.09.2014): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijmhcl.v1i16.209.
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<p>On 19th July 2007, the Mental Health Act 2007 received the Royal Assent. The 2007 Act amends the Mental Health Act 1983, the Mental Capacity Act 2005 and the Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004.</p><p>For those engaged in the mental health field, be it as lawyers, doctors, nurses, social workers or in some other professional role, or as service users, carers or family members, there is a great deal to take on board before most of these provisions are implemented on the intended date of October 2008. Much of the contents of this issue of the JMHL will hopefully assist readers who need to get to grips with the changes ahead.</p>
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Hale, Brenda. "Taking Stock". International Journal of Mental Health and Capacity Law, nr 19 (8.09.2014): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijmhcl.v0i19.246.
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<p>We shall be reflecting on the experience of the three recent upheavals in mental health and mental capacity law – the <em>Mental Capacity Act 2005</em>, most of which came into force on 1 October 2007, accompanied by a Code of Practice; the <em>Mental Health Act 2007</em> amendments to the <em>Mental Health Act 1983</em>, most of which came into force on 3 November 2008, accompanied by its two Codes of Practice; and the <em>Mental Health Act 2007</em> amendments to the <em>Mental Capacity Act 2005</em>, bringing in the so-called deprivation of liberty safeguards or DOLS, on 1 April this year, together with another Code of Practice. That is a huge amount of new law for us all to get to grips with. Things have changed a great deal since I first started teaching Mental Health Law to social workers and psychiatrists in this very City in 1971 – nearly 40 years ago.</p>
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Nathenson, Robert A. "Coverage mandates and market dynamics: employer, insurer and patient responses to parity laws". Health Economics, Policy and Law 15, nr 2 (12.10.2018): 173–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744133118000294.
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AbstractParity in coverage for mental health services has been a longstanding policy aim at the state and federal levels and is a regulatory feature of the Affordable Care Act. Despite the importance and legislative effort involved in these policies, evaluations of their effects on patients yield mixed results. I leverage the Employee Retirement Income Security Act and unique claims-level data that includes information on employers’ self-insurance status to shed new light in this area after the implementation of two state parity laws in 2007 and federal parity a few years later. My empirics reveal evidence of strategic avoidance on behalf of insurers in both states prior to the passage of state parity, as well as positive increases in mental health care utilization after parity laws are implemented – but context matters. Policy heterogeneity across states and strategic behaviors by employers and commercial insurers substantively shape the benefits that ultimately flow to patients. Insights from this research have broad relevance to ongoing health policy debates, particularly as states retain great discretion over many health coverage decisions and as federal policy continues to evolve.
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Vasudev, Akshya, i Richard Harrison. "Prescribing safely in elderly psychiatric wards: survey of possible drug interactions". Psychiatric Bulletin 32, nr 11 (listopad 2008): 417–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.107.019141.
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Aims and MethodA cross-sectional survey of patient drug prescriptions on two elderly psychiatric wards was carried out to estimate the potential of drug–drug interactions. Two standardised databases, British National Formulary (BNF; British Medical Association & Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, 2007) and Upto Date (www.uptodate.com/), were employed.ResultsA majority (96%) of drug prescriptions in our study could potentially cause drug–drug interactions. Most patients were on multiple drugs (on average eight drugs per patient). There was poor concordance between the two databases: BNF picked up fewer cases of potential drug–drug interactions than Upto Date (43 v. 152 instances) and they also estimated the potential for hazardousness differently.Clinical ImplicationsPolypharmacy is common in elderly psychiatric patients and this increases the possibility of a drug–drug interaction. Estimating the risk of interactions depends on a sound knowledge in therapeutics and/or referring to a standardised source of information. the results of this study question the concordance of two well-referenced databases.
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Ford, T., F. Macdiarmid, A. E. Russell, D. Racey i R. Goodman. "The predictors of persistent DSM-IV disorders in 3-year follow-ups of the British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Surveys 1999 and 2004". Psychological Medicine 47, nr 6 (20.12.2016): 1126–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291716003214.
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BackgroundThe identification of the factors that influence the persistence of psychiatric disorder may assist practitioners to focus on young people who are particularly prone to poor outcomes, but population-based samples of sufficient size are rare.MethodThis secondary analysis combined data from two large, population-based cross-sectional surveys in Great Britain (1999 and 2004) and their respective follow-ups (2002 and 2007), to study homotypic persistence among the 998 school-age children with psychiatric disorder at baseline. Psychiatric disorder was measured using the Development and Well-Being Assessment applying DSM-IV criteria. Factors relating to the child, family, and the severity and type of psychopathology at baseline were analysed using logistic regression.ResultsApproximately 50% of children with at least one psychiatric disorder were assigned the same diagnostic grouping at 3-year follow-up. Persistent attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and anxiety were predicted by poor peer relationship scores. Persistent conduct disorder was predicted by intellectual disability, rented housing, large family size, poor family function and by severer baseline psychopathology scores.ConclusionsHomotypic persistence was predicted by different factors for different groups of psychiatric disorders. Experimental research in clinical samples should explore whether these factors also influence response to interventions.
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Aubrey, Carol. "Responses of School Psychologists* in Two Contrasting Socio-Cultural Contexts (France and Great Britain) to Integration of Handicapped Pupils in the Ordinary School Setting". School Psychology International 7, nr 1 (styczeń 1986): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014303438600700104.
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The aim of the study was to examine published professional communications by psychologists in France and Great Britain on a topical issue — integration — during the year of 1983, as a reflection and comparison of present status, practice and current ideologies. British psychologists, secure in their central legal involvement in the assessment procedures of the new 1981 Education Act, did not raise integration of handicapped children in the ordinary school as an issue. A theme running through their literature was the issue of integrating assessment/intervention-type procedures of applied behavioural models with the legal requirements of assessment/classification of children with special needs. Much concern was expressed by French psychologists, in relation to the two integration Circulars of January 1982 and January 1983. They saw the Circulars affecting directly the conceptual framework within which they worked, the development of individual skills and their more precarious career prospects. Criticism was made of the lack of definition of handicap, reducing the child to a single scholastic dimension, and thus confusing psychology with pedagogy.
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Meltzer, H., P. Bebbington, T. Brugha, R. Jenkins, S. McManus i S. Stansfeld. "Job insecurity, socio-economic circumstances and depression". Psychological Medicine 40, nr 8 (11.11.2009): 1401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291709991802.
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BackgroundEconomic recessions are characterized by job insecurity and rising unemployment. The relationship between job insecurity and poor mental health is known. However, we do not know how this relationship is affected by individual socio-economic circumstances.MethodA random probability sample comprising 3581 respondents (1746 men and 1835 women) were selected from the third national survey of psychiatric morbidity in Great Britain. Fieldwork was carried out throughout 2007. Depression was assessed using the revised Clinical Interview Schedule and ICD-10 research diagnostic criteria administered by well-trained lay interviewers.ResultsOne-fifth of all working men and women aged 16–64 years felt that their job security was poor. From a multivariate analysis of several job stressors, there was an increased likelihood of depression among those agreeing that their job security was poor [odds ratio (OR) 1.58, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.22–2.06, p<0.001]. After controlling for age and sex, job insecurity (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.47–2.35, p<0.001) and being in debt (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.58–2.98, p<0.001) were independently associated with depression.ConclusionsJob insecurity has a strong association with feelings of depression even after controlling for biographic characteristics (age and sex), economic factors (personal debt) and work characteristics (type of work and level of responsibility). Despite the organizational changes needed to cope with a recession, employers should also take note of the additional distress experienced by workers at a time of great uncertainty, particularly those in less skilled jobs and in financial straits.
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Rodgers, Mark, Sian Thomas, Jane Dalton, Melissa Harden i Alison Eastwood. "Police-related triage interventions for mental health-related incidents: a rapid evidence synthesis". Health Services and Delivery Research 7, nr 20 (maj 2019): 1–164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hsdr07200.
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Background Police officers are often the first responders to mental health-related incidents and, consequently, can become a common gateway to care. The volume of such calls is an increasing challenge. Objective What is the evidence base for models of police-related mental health triage (often referred to as ‘street triage’) interventions? Design Rapid evidence synthesis. Participants Individuals perceived to be experiencing mental ill health or in a mental health crisis. Interventions Police officers responding to calls involving individuals experiencing perceived mental ill health or a mental health crisis, in the absence of suspected criminality or a criminal charge. Main outcome measures Inclusion was not restricted by outcome. Data sources Eleven bibliographic databases (i.e. Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts, Criminal Justice Abstracts, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PAIS® Index, PsycINFO, Scopus, Social Care Online, Social Policy & Practice, Social Sciences Citation Index and Social Services Abstracts) and multiple online sources were searched for relevant systematic reviews and qualitative studies from inception to November 2017. Additional primary studies reporting quantitative data published from January 2016 were also sought. Review methods The three-part rapid evidence synthesis incorporated metasynthesis of the effects of street triage-type intervention models, rapid synthesis of UK-relevant qualitative evidence on implementation and the overall synthesis. Results Five systematic reviews, eight primary studies reporting quantitative data and eight primary studies reporting qualitative data were included. Most interventions involved police officers working in partnership with mental health professionals. These interventions were generally valued by staff and showed some positive effects on procedures (such as rates of detention) and resources, although these results were not entirely consistent and not all important outcomes were measured. Most of the evidence was at risk of multiple biases caused by design flaws and/or a lack of reporting of methods, which might affect the results. Limitations All primary research was conducted in England, so may not be generalisable to the whole of the UK. Discussion of health equity issues was largely absent from the evidence. Conclusions Most published evidence that aims to describe and evaluate various models of street triage interventions is limited in scope and methodologically weak. Several systematic reviews and recent studies have called for a prospective, comprehensive and streamlined collection of a wider variety of data to evaluate the impact of these interventions. This rapid evidence synthesis expands on these recommendations to outline detailed implications for research, which includes clearer articulation of the intervention’s objectives, measurement of quantitative outcomes beyond section 136 of the Mental Health Act 1983 [Great Britain. Mental Health Act 1983. Section 136. London: The Stationery Office; 1983 URL: www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1983/20/section/136 (accessed October 2017)] (i.e. rates, places of safety and processing data) and outcomes that are most important to the police, mental health and social care services and service users. Evaluations should take into consideration shorter-, medium- and longer-term effects. Whenever possible, study designs should have an appropriate concurrent comparator, for example by comparing the pragmatic implementation of collaborative street triage models with models that emphasise specialist training of police officers. The collection of qualitative data should capture dissenting views as well as the views of advocates. Any future cost-effectiveness analysis of these interventions should evaluate the impact across police, health and social services. Funding The National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research programme.
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Völlm, Birgit, Rachel Edworthy, Jessica Holley, Emily Talbot, Shazmin Majid, Conor Duggan, Tim Weaver i Ruth McDonald. "A mixed-methods study exploring the characteristics and needs of long-stay patients in high and medium secure settings in England: implications for service organisation". Health Services and Delivery Research 5, nr 11 (luty 2017): 1–234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hsdr05110.
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BackgroundForensic psychiatric services provide care for those with mental disorders and offending behaviour. Concerns have been expressed that patients may stay for too long in too high levels of security. The economic burden of these services is high, and they are highly restrictive for patients. There is no agreed standard for ‘long stay’; we defined a length of stay exceeding 5 years in medium secure care, 10 years in high secure care or 15 years in a combination of both settings as long stay.ObjectivesTo (1) estimate the number of long-stay patients in secure settings; (2) describe patients’ characteristics, needs and care pathways and the reasons for their prolonged stay; (3) identify patients’ perceptions of their treatment and quality of life; and (4) explore stakeholders’ views on long stay.DesignA mixed-methods approach, including a cross-sectional survey (on 1 April 2013) of all patients in participating units to identify long-stay patients [work package (WP) 1], file reviews and consultant questionnaires for long-stay patients (WP2), interviews with patients (WP3) and focus groups with other stakeholders (WP4).SettingAll three high secure hospitals and 23 medium secure units (16 NHS and 9 independent providers) in England.ParticipantsInformation was gathered on all patients in participating units (WP1), from which 401 long-stay patients were identified (WP2), 40 patients (WP3), 17 international and 31 UK experts were interviewed and three focus groups were held (WP4).ResultsApproximately 23.5% of high secure patients and 18% of medium secure patients were long-stay patients. We estimated that there are currently about 730 forensic long-stay patients in England. The source of a patient’s admission and the current section of the Mental Health Act [Great Britain.Mental Health Act 1983 (as Amended by the Mental Health Act 2007). London: The Stationery Office; 2007] under which they were admitted predicted long-stay status. Long-stay patients had complex pathways, moving ‘around’ between settings rather than moving forward. They were most likely to be detained under a hospital order with restrictions (section 37/41) and to have disturbed backgrounds with previous psychiatric admissions, self-harm and significant offending histories. The most common diagnosis was schizophrenia, but 47% had been diagnosed with personality disorder. Only 50% had current formal psychological therapies. The rates of violent incidents within institutions and seclusion were high, and a large proportion had unsuccessful referrals to less secure settings. Most patients had some contact with their families. We identified five classes of patients within the long-stay sample with different characteristics. Patients differed in their attribution of reasons for long stay (internal/external), outlook (positive/negative), approach (active/passive) and readiness for change. Other countries have successfully developed specific long-stay services; however, UK experts were reluctant to accept the reality of long stay and that the medical model of ‘cure’ does not work with this group.LimitationsWe did not conduct file reviews on non-long-stay patients; therefore, we cannot say which factors differentiate between long-stay patients and non-long-stay patients.ConclusionsThe number of long-stay patients in England is high, resulting in high resource use. Significant barriers were identified in developing designated long-stay services. Without a national strategy, these issues are likely to remain.Future workTo compare long-stay patients and non-long-stay patients. To evaluate new service models specifically designed for long-stay patients.Study registrationThe National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Clinical Research Network Portfolio 129376.FundingThe NIHR Health Services and Delivery Research programme.
Książki na temat "Great Britain. Mental Health Act 2007"
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Jones, Richard M. Mental Health Act manual. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 2013.
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Jones, Richard M. Mental Health Act manual. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 2010.
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Maden, Anthony. Essential mental health law: A guide to the revised Mental Health Act and the Mental Capacity Act 2005. London, UK: Hammersmith Press, 2010.
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Barber, Paul. Mental health law in England and Wales: A guide for mental health professionals including the text of the Mental Health Act 1983 as amended by the Mental Health Act 2007. Exeter: Learning Matters, 2009.
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Brown, Robert. The Mental Capacity Act 2005: A guide for practice. Wyd. 2. Exeter [England]: Learning Matters, 2009.
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Britain, Great, red. Mental Capacity Act manual. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 2014.
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Jones, Richard M. Mental Capacity Act manual. Wyd. 3. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 2008.
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Mental Capacity Act manual. Wyd. 4. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 2010.
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Great Britain. Department of Health. Statistics Division 2. i Great Britain. Government Statistical Service., red. Inpatients formally detained in hospitals under the Mental Health Act 1983 and other legislation: NHS trusts, high security psychiatric hospitals and private facilities, 2000-01. [London]: Department of Health, Statistics Division 2, 2002.
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Jones, Richard M. Mental Health Act manual. Wyd. 8. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 2003.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Great Britain. Mental Health Act 2007"
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Davidson, Larry, Michael Rowe, Janis Tondora, Maria J. O'Connell i Martha Staeheli Lawless. "The Recovery Movement and Its Implications for Transforming Clinical and Rehabilitative Practice". W A Practical Guide to Recovery-Oriented Practice. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195304770.003.0006.
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We begin with a snapshot of the world we hope to leave behind. While it may not be necessary to reiterate the reasons why transformation is needed for most readers—who, as we noted in the Introduction, may be only too familiar with the challenges presented by our current systems of care—we think it useful nonetheless to establish a point of departure. We also strive throughout this volume to make our ideas concrete through the use of stories derived from our own experiences, putting a human face on what might frequently appear to be abstract or idealistic concepts. In our experience, and in our previous publications (e.g., Davidson, Stayner, et al., 2001), there has been very little about mental health concepts of recovery that are either abstract or idealistic. In fact, we have consistently stressed the everyday nature of recovery (Borg & Davidson, 2007), fi nding it embodied and exemplifi ed in such mundane activities as washing one’s own dishes, playing with a child, or walking a dog. We strive to continue this concrete focus in what follows, alternating our exposition of principles and practices with descriptions of real-life examples from our practice. This not only is our own preference in teaching and training but was strongly encouraged by the reviewers of an earlier draft of this book. We are happy to oblige. Passage of legislation such as the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 held great promise for individuals with disabilities, especially in relation to their opportunity to participate fully in all aspects of community life. Unfortunately, it is now widely recognized that the implementation of these acts for persons with serious mental illness lags far behind parallel efforts in the broader disability community, with expectations for expanded access and opportunity largely still to be realized (Chirikos, 1999; Fabian, 1999; Hernandez, 2000; Wylonis, 1999). In response to this national tragedy, several recent calls have been made for radical reforms to the mental health system. The Surgeon General’s Report on Mental Health, for example, called for mental health services to be “consumer oriented and focused on promoting recovery” (DHHS, 1999, p. 455).
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Great Britain. Mental Health Act 2007"
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Hilbrecht, Margo, David Baxter, Alexander V. Graham i Maha Sohail. Research Expertise and the Framework of Harms: Social Network Analysis, Phase One. GREO, grudzień 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33684/2020.006.
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In 2019, the Gambling Commission announced a National Strategy to Reduce Gambling Harms. Underlying the strategy is the Framework of Harms, outlined in Measuring gambling-related harms: A framework for action. "The Framework" adopts a public health approach to address gambling-related harm in Great Britain across multiple levels of measurement. It comprises three primary factors and nine related subfactors. To advance the National Strategy, all componentsneed to be supported by a strong evidence base. This report examines existing research expertise relevant to the Framework amongacademics based in the UK. The aim is to understand the extent to which the Framework factors and subfactors have been studied in order to identify gaps in expertise and provide evidence for decision making thatisrelevant to gambling harms research priorities. A social network analysis identified coauthor networks and alignment of research output with the Framework. The search strategy was limited to peer-reviewed items and covered the 12-year period from 2008 to 2019. Articles were selected using a Web of Science search. Of the 1417 records identified in the search, the dataset was refined to include only those articles that could be assigned to at least one Framework factor (n = 279). The primary factors and subfactors are: Resources:Work and Employment, Money and Debt, Crime;Relationships:Partners, Families and Friends, Community; and Health:Physical Health, Psychological Distress, and Mental Health. We used Gephi software to create visualisations reflecting degree centrality (number of coauthor networks) so that each factor and subfactor could be assessed for the density of research expertise and patterns of collaboration among coauthors. The findings show considerable variation by framework factor in the number of authors and collaborations, suggesting a need to develop additional research capacity to address under-researched areas. The Health factor subcategory of Mental Health comprised almost three-quarters of all citations, with the Resources factor subcategory of Money and Debt a distant second at 12% of all articles. The Relationships factor, comprised of two subfactors, accounted for less than 10%of total articles. Network density varied too. Although there were few collaborative networks in subfactors such as Community or Work and Employment, all Health subfactors showed strong levels of collaboration. Further, some subfactors with a limited number of researchers such as Partners, Families, and Friends and Money and debt had several active collaborations. Some researchers’ had publications that spanned multiple Framework factors. These multiple-factor researchers usually had a wide range of coauthors when compared to those who specialised (with the exception of Mental Health).Others’ collaborations spanned subfactors within a factor area. This was especially notable forHealth. The visualisations suggest that gambling harms research expertise in the UK has considerable room to grow in order to supporta more comprehensive, locally contextualised evidence base for the Framework. To do so, priority harms and funding opportunities will need further consideration. This will require multi-sector and multidisciplinary collaboration consistent with the public health approach underlying the Framework. Future research related to the present analysis will explore the geographic distribution of research activity within the UK, and research collaborations with harms experts internationally.