Artykuły w czasopismach: „Grape quality”

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Morris, Justin R. "Factors Influencing Grape Juice Quality". HortTechnology 8, nr 4 (październik 1998): 471–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.8.4.471.

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Interest in grape juice has risen as the public becomes more aware of natural foods and the specific evidence of healthful benefits of grapes. Among major preharvest conditions that influence quality of grape juice are climate, soil, cultivar, vineyard management, and maturity. Each of these factors exerts its own influence, but complex interactions among these factors must be recognized. For mechanically harvested juice grapes, cultivar takes on special importance to quality and yield as do the production system, harvest machines, postharvest handling systems, and processing method. Grape juice composition has been extensively studied, and production and processing methods have improved over the years. The following discussion deals with developments in grape juice production.

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Wang, Simin, i Siyuan Jiang. "Study on the Influence of Physicochemical Indexes on Wine Quality". BCP Business & Management 15 (30.12.2021): 317–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v15i.290.

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The quality of a wine is generally determined by hiring a group of qualified wine judges to taste the wine. The quality of wine grapes is directly related to the quality of wine. To explore how the physical and chemical indicators of wine and wine grapes can reflect the quality of wine and grape to a certain extent. This article is based on 2012 Chinese college students' mathematical contest in modeling A problem of data, to score as the dependent variable, wine physical and chemical indicators as independent variables, the method of using principal component analysis of physical and chemical indexes of wine grape dimension reduction, physical and chemical indexes selection of grapes, and use the decision tree regression method to establish score and wine function relation between the physical and chemical indicators. Then, after the comparison of the results of the four clustering algorithms, the hierarchical clustering method based on Agnes algorithm was used to conduct cluster analysis on the wines. Considering the rationality of classification, red and white wines were divided into four grades, and the average value of the estimated scores of each grade was used as the benchmark score for the wines of this grade.

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Рамазанов (Ramazanov), Арсен (Arsen) Шамсудинович (Shamsudinovich), i Курбан (Kurban) Шахбанович (Shakhbanovich) Шахбанов (Shakhbanov). "THE STUDY OF GRAPE SEED OIL OBTAINED BY EXTRACTION BY SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE". chemistry of plant raw material, nr 1 (12.11.2017): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2018012402.

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The object of the study were grape seeds technical Rkatsiteli grown in the Derbent district and revised in September 2016 on Derbent cognac plant in the Republic of Dagestan.The purpose of this study was to obtain oil by supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide from grape Rkatsiteli and the determination of the quality and content of fatty acids in grape oil by gas-liquid chromatography with mass-selective detection.The optimal conditions for obtaining high-quality unrefined grape oil for the food and pharmaceutical industry from grape seeds of the grade Rkatsiteli by CO2 extraction were determined: temperature 30 °С, pressure of carbon dioxide 350 atm., time 60 minutes. Under these optimal conditions, the predicted oil yield was 13.5%.It is shown that the oil from the seeds of grapes of Rkatsiteli variety contains irreplaceable polyunsaturated fatty acids more than 88%, tocopherols 292 mg%, carotenoids 4.4 mg% and chlorophylls 5.9 mg%.

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Rankovic, Vesna, Radosav Palic, Jelena Zivkovic, Ivana Mosic, Snezana Stankovic i Gordana Stojanovic. "Investigation of the impact of grape cultivars on the grape brandies quality". Facta universitatis - series: Physics, Chemistry and Technology 3, nr 1 (2004): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fupct0401061r.

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The results of the four-year investigation of the grape cultivars impact of the first Yugoslav interspecies hybrids Lucija and Mediana on the grape brandies quality are presented. The experiment was carried out with reference to the standard grape cultivars Smederevka intended for production of grape brandies. Investigation covered a procedure for establishing parameters, which determine the quality of strong alcoholic beverages and organoleptic rating. Higher presence of methanol with reference to standard cultivars was not established in the investigated hybrids brandies, which demonstrates properties similar to that of precious cultivars. The highest average content of higher alcohols was found out with the Mediana grape brandy, which amounts to 3295.3 mg/Laa, followed by the Smederevka grape brandy with 3261.8 mg/Laa, the Mediana/Lucija grape brandy with 3130.0 mg/Laa and the Lucija grape brandy with 2940.0 mglLaa of higher alcohols. The concentration of higher alcohols positively affects aroma of the beverage. The Mediana grape brandy and the variant where fermentation of the Mediana and Lucija grapes in the 50:50 ratio was carried out possess better organoleptic characteristics than those of Smederevka, while the Lucija grape brandy shows worse organoleptic characteristics.

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Catania, Pietro, Mariangela Vallone i Felice Pipitone. "ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN FACTORS INFLUENCING THE QUALITY OF WINE FROM MECHANICALLY HARVESTED GRAPES". Journal of Agricultural Engineering 40, nr 4 (31.12.2009): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2009.87.

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The present paper consisted in the study of the main factors influencing the quality of wines produced from mechanically harvested grapes. In particular, 8 samples of grape clusters were examined, different for the harvesting technique, grape juice production, time of exposure to the ambient conditions and addition of an antioxidant The results confirm that the control of some parameters such as grape juice production, ambient temperature and time of exposure of the harvested grapes to the ambient conditions is essential in order to obtain wines of quality from mechanically harvested grapes.

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Acun, S., i H. Gül. "Effects of grape pomace and grape seed flours on cookie quality". Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods 6, nr 1 (marzec 2014): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/qas2013.0264.

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Senadeera, Wijitha, G. Adilettta, M. di Matteo i P. Russo. "Drying Kinetics, Quality Changes and Shrinkage of Two Grape Varieties of Italy". Applied Mechanics and Materials 553 (maj 2014): 362–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.553.362.

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Two varieties of grapes, white grape and red grape grown in the Campania region of Italy were selected for the study of drying characteristics, moisture diffusion, quality changes (colour) and shrinkage behaviour. Comparisons were made with treated and untreated grapes under constant drying condition of 50o C in a conventional drying system. This temperature was selected to represent farm drying conditions. Grapes were purchased from a local market from the same supplier to maintain the same size of grapes and same properties. An abrasive physical treatment was used as pretreatment. The drying curves were constructed and drying kinetics was calculated using several commonly available models. It was found that treated samples shows better drying characteristics than untreated samples. The objective of this study is to obtain drying kinetics which can be used to optimize the drying operations in grape drying.

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Okuda, Tohru. "Quality of Material Grape for Winemaking". Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Kogaku Kaishi 64, nr 5 (2017): 278–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3136/nskkk.64.278.

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Tomasi, D. "Grape quality starts at the roots". Acta Horticulturae, nr 1136 (lipiec 2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2016.1136.1.

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Shamsiddinovich, Muminov Najmiddin, i Kendjaev Anvar Аkromovich. "Quality Assurance And Export Potential Of Uzbek Grapes". American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering 03, nr 09 (30.09.2021): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajabe/volume03issue09-03.

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The article describes the chemical composition and nutritional value of grapes, assortment and its classification, technology for the production and storage of grapes, tasting assessment and the standard requirement for the quality of table grape varieties. Also, the state of development of the viticulture and winemaking industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan is analyzed, the assortment and classification of products are analyzed. The requirement of the international standard for the quality of table grapes (UNECE FFV-19) is given. As a result of the analysis and research, recommendations were developed to ensure the quality and safety of grapes and wine products and to increase their export potential.

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Balbaba, Nazan, i Sefair Bağcı. "Determination of some quality parameters in Horoz Karası grape variety". Food and Health 8, nr 4 (2022): 290–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3153/fh22027.

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In this study, some quality elements of the Horoz Karası grape variety were investigated. For this purpose, cluster, berry, total soluble solids (TSS), titration acidity, pH level, berry color, total phenol, and antioxidant activity were determined in sample clusters of the Horoz Karası grape variety taken from the producer vineyards in Kahramanmaraş. In the Horoz Karası grape cultivar, total soluble solids (TSS) level was recorded between 16.6-25.35%, titratable acidity between 0.189-0.517, pH level 3.62 and 3.94. In Horoz Karası grape samples, L*, which expresses brightness, was determined between 25.64 and 29.97, a* value between 0.32-1.33, b* value between -0.91 and -0.23. Chroma value was recorded between 0.43-1.85 and CIRG (Color Index of Red Grapes) values were between 7.02 and 8.25. Hue angle was recorded between -40.88 - (-33.31) values in CIE (Commission Internationale de L'éclairage) color coordinate. According to the Hue angle values, the color of the berry of the Horoz Karası variety was recorded as purple.

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Giomo, A., P. Borsetta i R. Zironi. "GRAPE QUALITY: RESEARCH ON THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN GRAPE COMPOSITION AND CLIMATIC VARIABLES". Acta Horticulturae, nr 427 (grudzień 1996): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1996.427.32.

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Milanov, Goran, Klime Beleski, Julijana Cvetković i Duško Nedelkovski. "Influence of Grape Cultivars and Technological Treatments on Quality of Grape Brandies". АГРОЗНАЊЕ 15, nr 4 (15.06.2015): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/agrsr1404425m.

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The paper investigates the impact and the selection of grape varieties, as well as finding out, improvement and implementation of the most appropriate technological processes and production methods on the quality of strong alcoholic drinks from grape. We examined grape varieties such as Smederevka and Vranac that are present in Macedonia as well as table cultivar Afus Ali for brandy production. The intensities of the different types of the applied technologies in the production of three types of brandies: wine brandy, grape brandy and pomace brandy. In this context, we studied the effects of fine lees on quality of winebrandy, the impact of stem presence and time of distillation on the quality of grape and pomace brandy. Chemical and gas chromatographic analysis was performed and brandies were sensory evaluated. The effect of technological processes on the sensory characteristics was determined, as well.

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Dergunov, A. V., i A. A. Lukyanova. "Influence of agricultural techniques on yield and quality of grapes and wine". Pomiculture and small fruits culture in Russia 67 (20.12.2021): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31676/2073-4948-2021-67-29-98.

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Under the conditions of changing biotic properties of terroir, it is relevant to establish the patterns of influence of different norms of the load of a grape bush in its own rooted and grafted culture on the quality of grapes, as well as the aesthetic and biological value of wine products in Russia. The objects of research were grapes and wine material of the Krasnostop AZOS variety in a grafted and rooted culture with variants of different load of shoots on the bush. The experience of studying the influence of various agrotechnical methods on the productivity of a grape plant and the quality of wine material was laid in the Anapo-Taman climatic zone of the Krasnodar Territory of Russia. The highest yield of the Krasnostop AZOS variety during the years of the study was obtained in the variant of own-rooted grape growing with its load of 36-40 shoots per bush. In our studies, there is a tendency to an increase in sugar content, and a decrease in the titratable acidity of grapes when growing vineyards of the Krasnostop AZOS variety in their own rooted culture. The most optimal ratio of sugar content and titratable acidity in the experiment was possessed by grapes from a variant of own-rooted culture with a load of 36-40 shoots/bush, here the glucoacedometric parameter was 4.36. In the studied variants, the largest amount of phenolic substances was found in wine material from self-rooted grapes with a load of 36-40 shoots per bush — 4130 mg/dm3. This had a positive effect on the organoleptic evaluation of this sample. The maximum total content of substances from a number of biologically active substances was found in wine from grape raw materials obtained from a grafted culture (134.9-147.9 mg/dm3). In 2018-2019, from the organoleptic side, wine materials from grapes of own-rooted culture proved to be of the highest quality. This advantage over the grafted crop was traced in all variants of rationing the load by the shoots of grape bushes.

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Elatafi, Essam, i Jinggui Fang. "Effect of Silver Nitrate (AgNO3) and Nano-Silver (Ag-NPs) on Physiological Characteristics of Grapes and Quality during Storage Period". Horticulturae 8, nr 5 (7.05.2022): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8050419.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of silver nitrate (AgNO3) and nano-silver (Ag-NPs) on the physiological and biochemical characteristics, and quality of grape bunches during a cold storage period. For investigations, two varieties of grapes were used, Shine Muscat and Kyoho, with different concentrations of AgNO3 and Ag-NPs on post-harvest dipping. The data indicated that AgNO3 and Ag-NPs enhanced the fruits’ longevity and quality. Depending on the data analysis, it was found that the lowest weight loss value was obtained from Ag-NP treated grapes, followed by AgNO3 treated grapes, while the highest loss occurred in the control grapes. Immersion of grape bunches in Ag-NPs was the best application for maintenance of overall storage quality for both cultivars. In the same trend, treatment with Ag-NPs produced the best results for soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), pyrogallol peroxidase (POD), and pectin methylestraese activity (PME). It was concluded that Ag-NPs and AgNO3 were helpful in maintaining the quality of grape bunches up to 30 days, while grape bunches under control conditions were spoiled with 30 days of cold storage.

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Jia, Mei, Jiuliang Li, Tianyang Hu, Yingzhe Jiang i Jun Luo. "Feature Normalization Reweighting Regression Network for Sugar Content Measurement of Grapes". Applied Sciences 12, nr 15 (25.07.2022): 7474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12157474.

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The measurement of grape sugar content is an important index for classifying grapes based on their quality. Owing to the correlation between grape sugar content and appearance, non-destructive measurements are possible using computer vision and deep learning. This study investigates the quality classification of the Red Globe grape. The number of collected grapes in the range of the 15~16% measure is three times more than in the range of <14% or in the range of the >18% measure. This study presents a framework named feature normalization reweighting regression (FNRR) to address this imbalanced distribution of sugar content of the grape datasets. The experimental results show that the FNRR framework can measure the sugar content of a whole bunch of grapes with high accuracy using typical convolution neural networks and a visual transformer model. Specifically, the visual transformer model achieved the best accuracy with a balanced loss function, with the coefficient of determination R = 0.9599 and the root mean squared error RMSE = 0.3841%. The results show that the effect of the visual transformer model is better than that of the convolutional neural network. The research findings also indicate that the visual transformer model based on the proposed framework can accurately predict the sugar content of grapes, non-destructive evaluation of grape quality, and could provide reference values for grape harvesting.

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Maria Aparecida Lima i Antônio Odair Santos. "Estimation of grape Isabel's quality in pre-harvest based on spectral signature". Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy 1, nr 1 (30.11.2020): 011–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/msabp.2020.1.1.0012.

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A non-destructive technique, that estimate the quality of the grape, was used in a vineyard, aiming to evaluate the logistics of use a portable infrared equipment [NIRs] (Brimrose Corp, USA) incorporated in a motor vehicle. The equipment estimate in the field quantifies phenolic compounds from the Isabel grape through spectral data. The spectra were taken in clusters of grapes, in the 2017 and 2018 harvests. The Near Infrared instrumentations were connected to a laptop and positioned in a micro-tractor (Gator-John Deere) to travel the vineyard. The phenolic compounds were estimates using predetermined calibration models. This methodology proved to be promising for estimating the grape quality.

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Qin, Liuwei, Hui Xie, Nan Xiang, Min Wang, Shouan Han, Mingqi Pan, Xinbo Guo i Wen Zhang. "Dynamic Changes in Anthocyanin Accumulation and Cellular Antioxidant Activities in Two Varieties of Grape Berries during Fruit Maturation under Different Climates". Molecules 27, nr 2 (7.01.2022): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27020384.

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As popularly consumed fruit berries, grapes are widely planted and processed into products, such as raisins and wine. In order to identify the influences of different climatic conditions on grape coloring and quality formation, we selected two common varieties of grape berries, ‘Red Globe’ and ‘Xin Yu’, for investigation. Grapes were separately grown in different climates, such as a temperate continental arid climate and a temperate continental desert climate, in Urumqi and Turpan, China, for five developmental stages. As measured, the average daily temperature and light intensity were lower in Urumqi. Urumqi grape berries had a lower brightness value (L*) and a higher red-green value (a*) when compared to Turpan’s. A RT-qPCR analysis revealed higher transcriptions of key genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis in Urumqi grape berries, which was consistent with the more abundant phenolic substances, especially anthocyanins. The maximum antioxidant activity in vitro and cellular antioxidant activity of grape berries were also observed in Urumqi grape berries. These findings enclosed the influence of climate on anthocyanin accumulation and the antioxidant capacity of grapes, which might enlarge our knowledge on the quality formation of grape berries and might also be helpful for cultivating grapes with higher nutritional value.

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Mwamahonje, Andekelile, Deusdedit Kilambo, Leon Mrosso i Tileye Feyissa. "Prospects of Biotechnology in Grape Breeding". JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE 5, nr 1 (19.10.2015): 565–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jaa.v5i1.4510.

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Genetic improvement of grape cultivars to obtain high quality wine and table grape varieties by conventional breeding methods has been difficult and time consuming. The elite grape varieties developed by conventional breeding techniques have less resistance to fungal and bacterial diseases, drought, quality and yield per plant. Breeding programs of grapes are difficult due to lack of true bred from seed and few traits of importance. Though most grapes constitute large number of genes, they have less effect in tolerating biotic and abiotic stresses. Genetic improvement of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) through application of biotechnological techniques provide new strategies in grape breeding programs based on rapid selection or induction of desired traits by marker assisted breeding, genetic engineering and plant tissue culture. This review paper therefore, aims to discuss biotechnological techniques proposed for improvement of grape breeding.

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Kupe, Muhammed, Sezai Ercisli, Neva Karatas, Sona Skrovankova, Jiri Mlcek, Monika Ondrasova i Lukas Snopek. "Some Important Food Quality Traits of Autochthonous Grape Cultivars". Journal of Food Quality 2021 (16.11.2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9918529.

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Grapes (Vitis L.), one of the most important and old fruit crops in the world, are grown in a wide range of environments from Australia to North America and from Japan to Chile. All grape growing countries use both international and local cultivars in production to obtain fresh and dried fruits or wine. In Turkey, each region has their own local grape cultivars. Seven local cultivars and one standard grape cultivar, grown in Coruh valley, were analyzed for morphological traits (bunch size, berry color, and berry shape), biochemical characteristics (sugars, organic acids, vitamin C, phenolic compounds, total carotenoids, and flavonoids content), and % inhibition level (antioxidant capacity). The grape cultivars differed from each other in the morphological and biochemical traits. The grape berries contain predominantly nine main phenolic compounds, five organic acids, and two sugars. Among phenolic compounds, chlorogenic acid, syringic acid, rutin, and quercetin were found to be dominant for most of the cultivars between 2.365–5.112 mg/L, 0.923–2.147 mg/L, 0.856–1.711 mg/L, and 0.621–1.347 mg/L, respectively. The local cultivar Kirmizi Istanbul had more chlorogenic acid than the other cultivars. The berries with darker skin color, specifically Kara Turfanda and Nanebur, had higher % inhibition level (antioxidant capacity) than the brighter ones, which correspond also to the results of flavonoid contents. Overall, the local genotypes were found promising due to favorable properties and could be recommended for farmers and consumers.

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Ogg, Alex G., M. Ahmed Ahmedullah i Gale M. Wright. "Influence of Repeated Applications of 2,4-D on Yield and Juice Quality of Concord Grapes (Vitis labruscana)". Weed Science 39, nr 2 (czerwiec 1991): 284–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500071629.

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In two field experiments over a 4-yr period, 2,4-D amine applied up to four times per year from late April to early June at 2.5, 10, and 25 ppmw produced a wide range of symptoms on ‘Concord’ grapes. When 2,4-D symptoms in July were severe, yields were reduced by as much as 85%. However, when 2,4-D symptoms in July were slight (less than 2 on a 0 to 6 visual scale), grape yields were not reduced. A second-order polynomial described well (R2= 0.92) the relationship between symptoms and grape yield. Symptoms of 2,4-D on grape leaves did not persist beyond the year of treatment, although grape yields did not recover fully until the second year after the last 2,4-D treatment In the first year of 2,4-D treatments, low grape yields were correlated with reduced weight and number of berries per cluster. In the second and third year of treatment, low grape yields were correlated with fewer clusters per shoot in addition to lower cluster weight and fewer berries per cluster. When 2,4-D was applied one year only, soluble solids in the grape juice were reduced as much as 9%, although reductions were not related to severity of foliar symptoms. When 2,4-D was applied for three consecutive years, soluble solids in the juice were consistently higher in grapes with moderate to severe 2,4-D symptoms. There were no consistent effects of 2,4-D on juice color or titratable acidity. The pH of fresh juice was increased slightly by 2,4-D with the maximum being 10% after 3 yr of consecutive treatments. In the first subsequent non-treatment year after 3 yr of 2,4-D treatments, juice quality was similar to the quality of nontreated grapes. At a detection limit of 0.05 ppmw, 2,4-D was not detected in the harvested grapes. Based on the results of these experiments, grapes with slight 2,4-D symptoms would not be expected to have reduced yields or reduced juice quality.

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Ye, Weixin, Wei Xu, Tianying Yan, Jingkun Yan, Pan Gao i Chu Zhang. "Application of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Hyperspectral Imaging Combined with Machine Learning Algorithms for Quality Inspection of Grape: A Review". Foods 12, nr 1 (27.12.2022): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12010132.

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Grape is a fruit rich in various vitamins, and grape quality is increasingly highly concerned with by consumers. Traditional quality inspection methods are time-consuming, laborious and destructive. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and hyperspectral imaging (HSI) are rapid, non-destructive and accurate techniques for quality inspection and safety assessment of agricultural products, which have great potential in recent years. The review summarized the applications and achievements of NIRS and HSI for the quality inspection of grapes for the last ten years. The review introduces basic principles, signal mode, data acquisition, analysis and processing of NIRS and HSI data. Qualitative and quantitative analysis were involved and compared, respectively, based on spectral features, image features and fusion data. The advantages, disadvantages and development trends of NIRS and HSI techniques in grape quality and safety inspection are summarized and discussed. The successful application of NIRS and HSI in grape quality inspection shows that many fruit inspection tasks could be assisted with NIRS and HSI.

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Kazimova, İlhama, i Ahad Nabiyev. "Determining quality indicators of table grape varieties during storage in a refrigerating chamber in different variants". Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 6, nr 11 (120) (30.12.2022): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.268025.

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This study considers determining the quality indicators of table grape varieties when stored in a refrigerating chamber for different variants. The objects were white table grape variety, widely used in Azerbaijan, Ganja table grape variety, pink grape variety – Marandi Shamakhi, as well as the red grape variety Black Asma. Grape varieties stored in the refrigerator were studied according to five options. Table grape varieties were stored in a refrigerating chamber under conditions of an adjustable gas environment (3–4 % CO2, 2–3 % О2) at a temperature of –1 and –2 °C, with air humidity of 90–95 %. It was found that at a temperature inside the pulp of 0+1 °C, the activity of enzymes decreased significantly compared to other options. In addition to the enzyme ascorbate oxidase, the activity of the studied enzymes o-diphenol oxidase, peroxidase, and catalase was 100 % suppressed in the Marandi Shamakhi grape variety. The inactivation of enzyme activity prevented the consumption during respiration of the nutrients that make up the grapes. As a result of slowing down metabolic processes, the appearance, naturalness, and nutritional value of the Marandi Shamakhi grape variety are significantly superior to other varieties. When storing grape varieties according to option 5, the smallest total losses were observed in the Marandi Shamakhi grape variety. Very few microbiological losses were detected during the storage of the Marandi Shamakhi grape variety compared to other variants and varieties. It was stored in a refrigerating chamber in a controlled gas environment (3...4 % CO2, 2–3 % О2, at the temperature of the chamber of –2…–3 °C). A tasting was also carried out to determine the quality indicators when storing grape varieties in different versions; for version 5, the assessment was high

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Santos, Antonio Odair, Robert L. Wample, Sivakumar Sachidhanantham i Oren Kaye. "Grape quality mapping for vineyard differential harvesting". Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 55, nr 2 (kwiecień 2012): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132012000200003.

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김동호. "Quality Characteristics of Grape Suspensions Using Protopectinase". Culinary Science & Hospitality Research 18, nr 2 (marzec 2012): 162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20878/cshr.2012.18.2.012.

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김동호. "Quality Characteristics of Grape Suspensions Using Protopectinase". Culinary Science & Hospitality Research 18, nr 2 (marzec 2012): 162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20878/cshr.2012.18.2.012012012.

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Golan, A., i H. Shalit. "WINE QUALITY DIFFERENTIALS IN HEDONIC GRAPE PRICING". Journal of Agricultural Economics 44, nr 2 (maj 1993): 311–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9552.1993.tb00274.x.

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Sun, Xiaoyu, Xiaoli Yang i Ruilong Zhang. "The Determinants of Grape Storage: Evidence from Grape Growers in China". Agriculture 12, nr 12 (1.12.2022): 2063. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12122063.

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Storage of high-value agricultural products is essential to increase their added value. Exploring growers’ storage strategies for high-value agricultural products is helpful in developing the agricultural industry. In this paper, we analyzed the factors affecting growers’ storage decisions using Probit and Tobit models based on field data from 1026 grape growers in China. We conclude that the in-season price has a negative effect on growers’ storage decisions. Expected price, market risk perception and grape quality have a positive effect on storage decisions. Borrowing behavior has a positive effect on the storage decisions of large-scale growers. In addition, the higher the expected price and the greater the market risk perception, the more growers prefer long-term storage; and the better the quality of the grapes, the more growers tend to store grapes in the short term.

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Zhu, Shuaimeng, Yinli Liang, Lan Mu, Xiaojuan An i Hongfei Yin. "1-Methylcyclopropene on Fruit Quality of Se-Enriched Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) during Shelf Life Period". Agronomy 10, nr 9 (17.09.2020): 1411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091411.

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Selenium (Se) deficiency in humans could be improved by biofortification of food with selenium, 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment is beneficial for the non-sulfur storage of fresh fruit. This study investigated fruit quality of table grape (Hutai No.8) with foliar Se fertilizer at maturity, and fruit quality changes of table grape during shelf life stages that caused by postharvest 1-MCP treatment in 2016 and 2017. The results showed that foliar Se fertilizer application significantly increased Se content in grape berries at maturity, and the raised rate were 43.09% and 33.24% compared to that of control in 2016 and 2017 respectively, meanwhile it increased the nutritional components in grape berries, including soluble proteins, soluble sugars, Vitamin C, total soluble solids, proanthocyanidin content and so on, and decreased the titratable acidity content. During shelf life stages, 1-MCP application decreased the decay number of grapes, and SE + 1-MCP treatment had the most excellent fruit quality among all treatments in two consecutive vintages. In conclusion, Se fertilizer application could increase Se content in grape berries, also improved the fruit nutritional and health care values at maturity. 1-MCP application could delay the process of ripening and senescence for Se-enriched grape and maintaining the postharvest quality of table grape during shelf life stages, it allows us to market the fruit at a more advanced ripening stage without quality loss.

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Ju, Yan-lun, Xiao-feng Yue, Xue-ying Cao i Yu-lin Fang. "Targeted Metabolomic and Transcript Level Analysis Reveals Quality Characteristic of Chinese Wild Grapes (Vitis davidii Foex)". Foods 9, nr 10 (1.10.2020): 1387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9101387.

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Native to China, spine grapes (Vitis davidii Foex) are an important wild grape species. Here, the quality characteristics of one white and three red spine grape clones were evaluated via targeted metabolomic and transcription level analysis. Xiangzhenzhu (XZZ) had the highest soluble sugar and organic acid content. Malvidin-3-acetyl-glucoside and cyanidin-3-glucoside were the characteristic anthocyanins in spine grapes, and significant differences in anthocyanin composition between different clones were detected. Anthocyanins were not detected in Baiyu (BY) grapes. The transcript levels of VdGST, VdF3′H, VdOMT, VdLDOX, and VdUFGT were significantly related to the anthocyanin biosynthesis and proportions. A total of 27 kinds of glycosidically bound volatiles (including alcohols, monoterpenes, esters, aldehydes, ketones, and phenolic acid) were identified in spine grapes, with Gaoshan #4 (G4) and BY grapes having the highest concentrations. The VdGT expression levels were closely related to glycosidically bound volatile concentrations. These results increase our understanding of the quality of wild spine grapes and further promote the development and use of wild grape resources.

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Lyashenko, H. V., i O. M. Soborova. "The dynamics of berries quality indicators of technical kinds of grapes during a ripening period". Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal, nr 18 (29.10.2017): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31481/uhmj.18.2016.10.

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The article describes the main indicators of a grapes crop quality - a sugar content in the juice of grapes and a titratable acidity, which give a special taste to the main production of technical kinds of grapes - dry wines. The methods and tools of the laboratory analysis of these indicators, as well as the methodology of a field experience are described . The results of laboratory and field experiments, conducted in 2015 in the areas of an ampelography and clonal selection department of NSC of "Institute for Winegrowing and Winemaking named after V. E. Tairov" are represented. The quality of grapes crop was determined for three grades - Odessa Muscat, Sukholimansky white and Odessa black (respectively medium, later than average and late ripening). Analysis of grape quality indicators was carried out in the dynamics during ripening (from the beginning of ripening to a technical maturity) in four replications for 40 plants on three tiers of the bush - the upper, middle and lower. It was executed the calculations of glucoacidimetric indicator (GAP) value for grades Odessa Muscat, Sukholimansky white and Odessa black. The following conclusions were obtained. The greatest rate of change of grapes quality indicators of different ripening technical kinds is observed for the grape with the lowest grade ripening period – Odessa Muscat. The resulting calculations indicate sufficient indicators value to obtain good quality wine materials for making high quality wines.

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Glukhova, A. M., S. O. Koroleva i N. I. Naumova. "ON THE QUALITY OF FRESH TABLE GRAPES". Innovations and Food Safety, nr 3 (28.09.2018): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31677/2311-0651-2018-0-3-36-41.

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Each year, out of more than 350 thousand tons of grapes entering the industrial centers of Russia, a part of the production turns out to be non-standard due to a high percentage of spoilage of berries en route, especially grapes of own production, and a significant part of the harvested and harvested crop does not reach the consumer due to quality loss and presentation in the period of transportation. The aim of the research was to evaluate the quality of fresh table grapes sold in retail chains of the city of Chelyabinsk. It is established that the quality of fresh table grapes sold in the shops of the Molniya trade network was at a higher level. So, samples of grapes «Victoria» corresponded to the requirements of the highest commodity grade, the sample of grapes «Kishmish Zhemchuzhina» - the first grade. The presence of bunches with decayed berries in the grapes «White Miracle» allowed him to refer it to «waste». Table grapes sold in stores «Magnet», was less competitive. Thus, in the samples of the «Julian» grapes, a significant (2.9 %) content of crumbled berries was found, in the samples of «Taifi» grapes - bunches with cracked berries (1.7 %). Grapes «Julian» additionally determined a relatively high percentage (6.8 %) of non-integer grapes. Also found are copies of grape bunches with decayed and crushed berries, which is not allowed by regulated requirements. The revealed necessity of additional pre-sale preparation and sorting of fresh table grapes sold in chain stores will allow to increase not only the quality and safety of products, customer service culture, but also extend the shelf life of commodity lots, increase turnover and sales of fresh products in general.

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Huang, Yan, Bin Hou, Dong Liang, Ronghai Lu, Lei Liu, Ting Wang, Shaokun Pan i Xiulan Lv. "Effects of different ways of flower bud differentiation on bud germination and fruit quality of grape". E3S Web of Conferences 136 (2019): 06004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913606004.

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In this study, 3 year-old ‘Xiahei’ grape was used as the test material. It aimed to promote the differentiation of grape flower buds with different concentrations of paclobutrazol and chlormequat chloride, and the effects of different ways of promoting the differentiation of flower buds on the germination of grape buds and fruit quality were studied. The results showed that different ways of flower bud differentiation could promote the germination of ‘Xiahei’ grape buds. In consideration of the fruiting habit, phenological period and fruit quality of different treatments, second fruits which were sprayed with 1000 times 15% paclobutrazolin had the best effect. On May 1, 2019 (One fruit sitting period) spraying grape new tip with 1000 times 15% paclobutrazol and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1% boric fertilizer and the same fungicides, spraying again after 7 days, reagent type and concentration were same as the first time, after 10 days of the second spraying 2.5% hydrogen cyanamide was used to break dormancy of winter bud. The way could effectively promote grape secondary fruit and improve the quality of the grapes.

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Zha, Qian, Xiangjing Yin, Xiaojun Xi i Aili Jiang. "Colored Shade Nets Can Relieve Abnormal Fruit Softening and Premature Leaf Senescence of “Jumeigui” Grapes during Ripening under Greenhouse Conditions". Plants 11, nr 9 (1.05.2022): 1227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11091227.

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High temperature causes premature grape leaf senescence, abnormal berry softening, and shortening of the fruiting period. Furthermore, the fruit quality and yield are severely affected. Here, the “Jumeigui” grape quality and leaf senescence were evaluated under shading; green, blue, black, and gray nets were used for shading, and their spectra were measured. At the same density, the shade-net color significantly affected cooling and shading efficiencies, with gray nets showing the best light transmission and cooling effect. Shading significantly alleviated abnormal heat-induced grape softness. The total soluble solids (TSS) content and grape coloration were affected under gray, blue, and green shade nets. Nonetheless, TSS exceeded 18% under gray, blue, and green nets, as required of first-class high-quality fruit. The peel color was not significantly affected under gray or blue shade nets, whereas unshaded grapes showed clear heat-stress damage, especially on the edges of unshaded bottom leaves, in which the net photosynthesis rate was significantly lower than that under shading, indicating that high light intensity and heat caused premature leaf senescence. Colored shade nets reduced greenhouse temperature and light intensity, thereby alleviating the premature senescence of grape plants. Grape quality under black shade nets was poor, whereas superior quality was achieved using gray or blue shade nets.

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35

Rodríguez-Pulido, Francisco J., Ana Belén Mora-Garrido, María Lourdes González-Miret i Francisco J. Heredia. "Research Progress in Imaging Technology for Assessing Quality in Wine Grapes and Seeds". Foods 11, nr 3 (18.01.2022): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11030254.

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The chemical composition of wine grapes changes qualitatively and quantitatively during the ripening process. In addition to the sugar content, which determines the alcohol content of the wine, it is necessary to consider the phenolic composition of the grape skins and seeds to obtain quality red wines. In this work, some imaging techniques have been used for the comprehensive characterisation of the chemical composition of red grapes (cv. Tempranillo and cv. Syrah) grown in a warm-climate region during two seasons. In addition, and for the first time, mathematical models trained with laboratory images have been extrapolated for using in field images, obtaining interesting results. Determination coefficients of 0.90 for sugars, 0.73 for total phenols, and 0.73 for individual anthocyanins in grape skins have been achieved with a portable hyperspectral camera between 400 and 1000 nm, and 0.83 for total and individual phenols in grape seeds with a desktop hyperspectral camera between 900 and 1700 nm.

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Moore, James N., John R. Clark i Justin R. Morris. "‘Saturn’ Seedless Grape". HortScience 24, nr 5 (październik 1989): 861–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.24.5.861.

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Abstract ‘Saturn’ is the fourth in a series of seedless table grapes released from the grape breeding program of the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station. Previous releases were ‘Venus’ in 1977 (Moore and Brown, 1977), ‘Reliance’ in 1983 (Moore, 1983), and ‘Mars’ in 1984 (Moore, 1985). These cultivars are the foundation of an emerging commercial table-grape industry in the region. ‘Saturn’, a high-quality, red seedless grape with good storage and shelf-life characteristics, is expected to contribute to further expansion of the commercial industry.

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Rouxinol, Maria Inês, Maria Rosário Martins, Vanda Salgueiro, Maria João Costa, João Mota Barroso i Ana Elisa Rato. "Climate Effect on Morphological Traits and Polyphenolic Composition of Red Wine Grapes of Vitis vinifera". Beverages 9, nr 1 (16.01.2023): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/beverages9010008.

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Wine quality is determined by the development of grape maturation, which is highly dependent on climate variations. Extreme weather events are becoming more common, which will affect the productivity and quality of grapes and wine. Grape development depends on many factors, including weather, and extreme events will influence berry size, skin thickness and the development of some key compounds, such as phenolics. In this work, the ripening evolution and phenolic content of Vitis vinifera extracts from a vineyard in Alentejo (Portugal) were evaluated in two distinct climatic years. During this period, the influence of climatic conditions on grape ripening, and thereby on red wine quality, was assessed. The results demonstrate differences in polyphenol compounds between years and the importance of monitoring their content during maturation. The reduction of berry size, apparently due to lower pluviosity and higher temperatures, resulted in a higher content of polyphenolic compounds related to grape quality.

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38

Jovanović-Cvetković, Tatjana, Milica Sredojević, Maja Natić, Rada Grbić, Milica Fotirić Akšić, Sezai Ercisli i Miljan Cvetković. "Exploration and Comparison of the Behavior of Some Indigenous and International Varieties (Vitis vinifera L.) Grown in Climatic Conditions of Herzegovina: The Influence of Variety and Vintage on Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Grapes". Plants 12, nr 4 (4.02.2023): 695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12040695.

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Viticulture is of great economic importance in the southern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, thanks to favorable climatic conditions and a long-standing tradition of growing vines. The assortment is dominated by international varieties, as well as some autochthonous and domesticated varieties. The subject of the research is the analysis of the quality of Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Vranac, and Blatina varieties at two localities in Herzegovina during the period 2020–2021. The paper examined the most important economic and technological characteristics, grape quality, and berry phenolic profile. A particularly pronounced variation of the tested characteristics during the research period was observed in the Merlot and Blatina varieties, while the Cabernet Sauvignon and Vranac varieties showed a slightly higher stability of the tested characteristics. Poorer grape quality during the research period was registered with the Blatina variety, which can be considered a varietal characteristic to some extent. The analyzed grape varieties were rich in polyphenols, and the impact of grape variety on the berry phenolic profiles was confirmed. The most abundant polyphenols in the analyzed grape samples were quercetin 3-O-glucoside and catechin gallate, followed by kaempferol 3-O-glucoside. The highest values of polyphenols were found mainly in the samples originating from Trebinje. Indigenous Balkan grape varieties (Vranac and Blatina) stood out with particularly high contents of some phenolics. Research has shown that climatic conditions have a significant influence on the most important characteristics of grapes, which are conditioned by genotypic specificities. The conditions for growing vines in the conditions of Herzegovina enable high quality in the production of grapes, especially the Cabernet Sauvignon and Vranac varieties. The autochthonous variety Blatina shows significant variations in grape quality during the test period, which was confirmed by the results of a larger number of studies in the previous period.

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39

Moore, J. N. "‘Mars’ Seedless Grape". HortScience 20, nr 2 (kwiecień 1985): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.20.2.313.

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Abstract A grape breeding program was begun in 1964 by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station with the primary objective of developing high quality table grapes adapted to the soils and climate of the Ozarks region. Two cultivars previously have been released from this program: ‘Venus’ in 1977, a blue seedless grape (2); and ‘Reliance’ in 1982, a red seedless (1). These cultivars show promise of being the foundation of a commercial table grape industry in the region. ‘Mars’, a blue seedless table grape with high levels of disease resistance, is being released to fulfill the needs for home garden and limited commercial use.

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40

Mackenzie, D. E., i A. G. Christy. "The role of soil chemistry in wine grape quality and sustainable soil management in vineyards". Water Science and Technology 51, nr 1 (1.01.2005): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0004.

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This study aimed to establish if there is any evidence that soil mineralogical and/or chemical composition influence the composition and quality of wine grapes. In the initial phase of the study, soils and grapes were sampled in two riesling vineyards in South Australia. Soils were analysed for a wide range of total major and trace elements; soil cation extracts and grape juices were analysed for 27 trace elements by ICP-MS and ICP-AES. The results show that grape juice properties such as Baumé and titratable acidity (TA) are clearly correlated with several plant-available trace elements in the soil. Most notable of these are Ca, Sr, Ba, Pb and Si. Soil clay content also plays a (lesser) role. The cations Ca, Sr, Ba and Pb are closely similar to one another in their relationships to Baumé and TA, strongly indicating that the correlations are real. It is evident from our results that soil cation chemistry does indeed have an influence on wine grape composition. Such knowledge has the potential to be used in better tailoring grape varieties to soils, and in managing – or modifying – soils for optimum viticultural results and better wines in a more sustainable way.

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41

Zhang, Xiaoli, Qiang Liu, Shengyang Niu, Chonghuai Liu, Xiucai Fan, Ying Zhang, Lei Sun i Jianfu Jiang. "Varietal Differences Among the Fruit Quality Characteristic of 15 Spine Grapes (Vitis davidii Foëx)". HortScience 57, nr 10 (październik 2022): 1282–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci16702-22.

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Spine grape (Vitis davidii Foëx), an important wild grape species in South China, has gained attention because of its health-promoting effects and use in the wine industry. Fruit quality plays an important role in determining the quality of wine; however, a suitable evaluation system to monitor its fruit quality has not been established. The fruit quality characteristics (phenolics and aromas) of 15 spine grapes grown in China were evaluated using a combination of principal component and cluster analyses. The total sugar, organic acid, and phenolic content ranged from 81.80 to 154.89 mg·g−1, 8.02 to 15.48 mg·g−1, and 5.58 to 20.12 mg·g−1, respectively. The comprehensive assessment by principal component analysis revealed that ‘Red xiangzhenzhu’ had the highest quality and ‘Hongjiangci10’ and ‘Ziluolan’ the lowest quality. Cluster analysis using k-means grouped the cultivars into three clusters based on their quality: Cluster 1 grouped those with inferior quality (‘Hongjiangci09’, ‘Hongjiangci10’, ‘Hongjiangci11’, and ‘Hongjiangci07’, etc.), Cluster2 grouped those with average quality (‘Ciputao3#,’ ‘Ziluolan’, and ‘Xiangci4#’), and Cluster3 grouped those with superior quality (‘Red xiangzhenzhu’ and ‘Green xiangzhenzhu’). A combination of principal component analysis and cluster analysis provides a comprehensive and objective evaluation system for determining the quality of grape cultivars. This study is important for the systematic evaluation and utilization of spine grape resources.

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Li, Jiajia, Yi Quan, Lei Wang i Shiping Wang. "Brassinosteroid Promotes Grape Berry Quality-Focus on Physicochemical Qualities and Their Coordination with Enzymatic and Molecular Processes: A Review". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, nr 1 (27.12.2022): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010445.

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Brassinosteroid (BR) is an important endogenous phytohormone that plays a significant role in fruit quality regulation. The regulation of BR biosynthesis and its physiological effects have been well-studied in various fruits. External quality (fruit longitudinal and transverse diameters, firmness, single berry weight, color) and internal quality (sugars, aroma, anthocyanin, stress-related metabolites) are important parameters that are modified during grape berry development and ripening. Grapevines are grown all over the world as a cash crop and utilized for fresh consumption, wine manufacture, and raisin production. In this paper, the biosynthesis and signaling transduction of BR in grapevine were summarized, as well as the recent developments in understanding the role of BR in regulating the external quality (fruit longitudinal and transverse diameters, firmness, single berry weight, and color) and internal quality (sugars, organic acids, aroma substances, anthocyanins, antioxidants) of grapes. Additionally, current advancements in exogenous BR strategies for improving grape berries quality were examined from the perspectives of enzymatic activity and transcriptional regulation. Furthermore, the interaction between BR and other phytohormones regulating the grape berry quality was also discussed, aiming to provide a reliable reference for better understanding the potential value of BR in the grape/wine industry.

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Choi, Jae-Youn, 연. 최재, Eun-Kyung Cho, Seo-Jun Park, Youn-Young Hur, Jong-Chul Nam, Sang-Wook Koh i in. "Application of Color Index for Red Grapes (CIRG) for Assessment of Grape Quality". Protected Horticulture and Plant Factory 23, nr 3 (1.09.2014): 244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12791/ksbec.2014.23.3.244.

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Hasanaliyeva, Gultakin, Eleni Chatzidimitrou, Juan Wang, Marcin Baranski, Nikolaos Volakakis, Panagiotis Pakos, Chris Seal i in. "Effect of Organic and Conventional Production Methods on Fruit Yield and Nutritional Quality Parameters in Three Traditional Cretan Grape Varieties: Results from a Farm Survey". Foods 10, nr 2 (22.02.2021): 476. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10020476.

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The antioxidants found in grapes and wine have been linked to health benefits in humans, but may be affected by agronomic parameters, grape type/variety, and processing. Here, we report results of a farm survey which investigated the effects of production system (organic vs. conventional) and grape variety on fruit yield, total antioxidant activity/capacity (TAA, assessed by the Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays), and total concentrations of total phenolics (TPC) and anthocyanins (TAC) in grapes of one red (Kotsifali) and two white (Villana and/or Vidiano) traditional Cretan grape varieties. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results showed that grape variety choice had a more substantial effect on TPC, TAA, and TAC than primary production protocols, and significant interactions were identified between production system and grape variety choice for TAATEAC. Specifically, TAATEAC was significantly (57%) higher in organic than conventional Vidiano grapes, while there was no significant effect of production system on TAATEAC in Kotsifali and Villana grapes. As expected from previous studies, the TAC was substantially higher in red Kotsifali grapes. Redundancy analysis (RDA) identified grape variety as the only strong explanatory variable/driver for yield, TPC, TAA, and TAC of table grapes, and positive associations were detected between the variety Vidiano and both TPC and TAATEAC. All other explanatory variables included in the RDA (including supplementary irrigation, orchard orientation, production system, soil type, vineyard age, plant density, and fertiliser inputs) explained only a small proportion of the additional variation.

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Mirzayeva, M. A., S. S. Mullajonova i M. A. Mirzaikromov. "THE GRAPE PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY FOR WINE PRODUCTION". International Journal of Advance Scientific Research 02, nr 04 (1.04.2022): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-02-04-02.

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Li, Dong Li, Wen Cai Xu, Zun Zhong Liu, Ya Bo Fu i Ya Jun Wang. "The Influence of Flexible Film with Releasing Sulfur Dioxide on Quality of 'Vitis labruscana Kyoho' Table Grapes". Applied Mechanics and Materials 200 (październik 2012): 305–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.200.305.

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An active packaging film (APF1) with releasing low concentration sulfur dioxide (SO2) was tested on quality of ‘vitis labruscana kyoho’ table grape. All samples were stored at 5°C and during the storage period the main quality parameters, weight loss, berries shatter, decay, firmness, total soluble solids content (TSS), total acid (TA, using the PH of grape juice instead of the TA ), Vitamin c (Vc) content were monitored and compared with the control sample unpacked in any film. Results demonstrated that APF1 could reduce water loss of table grapes, prevent it from pathogens infection. The results also showed that APF1 could greatly guarantee a long shelf life for grape. After storage 56 days (storage at 0~5°C), the water loss, berry firmness, TA and Vc content in grapes packaged in APF1 were slowly reduced, TSS was slight increased, percentage of shatter and decayed berries of grapes were 22% and 27%, respectively. The percentage of berries decay of grapes packaged in APF1 was reduced to 5% from 21% for control batches on 11th days. All unpackaged table grapes (control batches) were decayed after 28 days. APF1 would help to preserve quality and extend shelf life of table grapes.

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Franken, Jason R. V., i Kevin J. Bacon. "Organizational Structure and Operation of the Illinois Wine Industry". Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 43, nr 1 (kwiecień 2014): 104–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500006936.

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This study examines vertical coordination in the wine industry emerging in Illinois. We find that quality matters as temporal issues related to grape perishability increase the probability of written contracts being used to procure grapes. Holdup concerns related to sourcing adequate quality grapes and at-risk investments in grape storage and winemaking equipment lead to vertical integration. In general, larger wineries must obtain some grapes from outside vineyards and sell wine predominantly through tasting rooms and distributors. Smaller wineries rely more on direct sales to retailers, festivals, and farmers' markets. Marketing outlet selection also reflects the types of wine produced.

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Hu, Yun Feng, Shu Yan Yu, Rong Qian Wang, Guo Hua Liu, Min Lu i Ping Li. "Effect of Different Packaging Materials on the Quality of Muscat Grape Juice". Applied Mechanics and Materials 469 (listopad 2013): 194–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.469.194.

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Grape juice drinks processed from Muscat grapes as raw material was filled in glass bottle, PP plastic bottle and PE plastic bottle respectively after high temperature sterilizing. Original grape juice acted as control, and then all kinds of nutrients, color and aromatic substances were determined to evaluate the effect of different packaging materials on grape drink quality. The results showed that the content of total acid, reducing sugar and soluble solids of three packaging samples were decreased to some extent, and the color changed significantly. To be more specific, PP plastic packaging samples had the greatest nutrients loss and the most obvious color change. The sample packaging with glass had the most aroma types, the best preservation of the linalool and the maximum content of Terpenoids Chemicals compared to the other two packaging materials. Altogether, the glass was the best package materials compared with the other two materials.

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Tașeri, L., M. Gülcü, I. Palabiyik, G. U. Seçkin, T. Aktas i U. Gecgel. "Efectos del secado al aire y solar sobre la calidad nutricional del aceite, las semillas y pieles de las uvas Muscat Hamburg". Grasas y Aceites 69, nr 4 (5.10.2018): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gya.0341181.

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Grape pomace is an agro-industrial by-product from the production of must (grape juice) by pressing whole grapes. In order to evaluate the seeds and skins of the grape pomace, it must first be dried and then separated in a screen machine. The drying of pomace is an important and necessary process for the optimum separation of seeds. The main purpose of this study was to determine the optimum drying process for obtaining high-quality grape seed oil. In this research, open air and solar energy drying methods were compared in terms of water activity, total bacterial and mold-yeast count, along with the chemical and fatty acid compositions of pressed grape residues. Oleic acid and linoleic acid contents ranged from 16.56-16.96% and 71.45-71.96%, respectively. Antioxidant activities ranged from 2.33-2.80 μmol trolox/g. The results showed that the drying methods did not decrease the nutritional quality of grape residues and prevented microbial growth by decreasing water activity to below 0.60.

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Jiang, Peng. "Effect of Various Mulches on Soil Chemical Properties and Rhizosphere Bacteria of Wine Grape (Vitis vinifera)". International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 27, nr 02 (1.03.2022): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1913.

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Mulching has been used widely to improve the production capacity of the soil, yield and the quality of wine grapes (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon). However, the ecological mechanisms underlying the mulching materials were not well understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different mulching materials on soil chemical properties, bacterial community and wine grape quality. Experiments were performed at a grape-yard on the six-year-old wine grape ‘Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet sauvignon. Five kinds of mulching materials include living turfgrass (Grass), living Herba portulacae (Por), inorganic plastic black film (Film), organic chips of wood (Wood), and grape branches (Branch) were applied, while clean tillage (CK) was treated as a control. Soil chemical properties and grape quality indicators were measured. Soil bacterial community diversity was detected using the Illumina Miseq sequencing for the 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region. Mulching with plastic film, wood chips and Herba portulacae (Por) increased the content of soil organic matter, available N, P and K, total N and P. Film, grass, branch and Por mulching materials improved the content of tannin, anthocyanin, total phenol and titratable acid in grape (p<0.05). Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes were abundant bacteria. Mulching with grape branch and portulacae increased the relative abundance of Gemmatimonadetes and Chloroflexi phylum, Gemmatimonadaceae family, and decreased Micrococcaceae family and Pseudarthrobacter genus. Mulching with living, organic, or inorganic changed chemical properties and grape quality indicators. These changes might be correlated with the altered soil bacterial community diversity and richness. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers

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