Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Glass Network Structure

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Glass Network Structure”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 7 września 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Glass Network Structure"

Nanba, T., A. Osaka, J. Takada, Y. Miura, H. Inoue, Y. Akasaka, H. Hagihara i I. Yasui. "Network structure of AlF3BaF2CaF2 glass". Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 140 (styczeń 1992): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3093(05)80780-x.

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da Silva, Antônio Carlos, S. C. Santos i Sonia Regina Homem de Mello-Castanho. "Transition Metals in Glass Formation". Materials Science Forum 727-728 (sierpień 2012): 1496–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.727-728.1496.

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The structure of silicate glasses gets its charge stability through SiO2, R2O3, R2+and R+groups arrangement. In these glassy structures, transition metals are usually used as dopants in small amounts. However, in soda-lime glass systems, transition metals can take part in the glassy network in larger quantities as secundary former or modifier, insted R2+groups, if the charge balance conditions are made favorable by R2O3groups additions. This paper studies transition metals (Cr, Ni, Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ru) soda-lime-borosilicate glass network incorporation. This process was applied for many kinds of toxic metals containing vitrification waste. The glasses were obtaind by melt at temperature of 1300°C, and characterized by FT-IR and XRD techinics. The chemical stability was evaluated by hydrolytic attack test. The glasses showed a high chemistry and environmental stability like the soda-lime glass.Keywords: glass structure, electroplating waste, e-waste, nanowaste.

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Liu, Hao, Xi Tang Wang, Zhou Fu Wang i Bao Guo Zhang. "Effects of Al₂O₃ on the Structure and Properties of Calcium-Magnesium-Silicate Glass Fiber". Advanced Materials Research 450-451 (styczeń 2012): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.450-451.42.

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Calcium-magnesium-silicate glass fiber is a kind of candidate materials for aluminosilicate ceramic fiber in high temperature resistant field. However, the large thermal shrinkage limits its rapid development and industrial application in high temperature insulation field. It has been known that the shrinkage under high temperatures is mainly affected by the structure and crystallization mechanisms of glass fibers. Thus, Al2O3 was chosen as additive in the chemical composition of glass fiber to investigate the glassy network structure, crystallization and dissolution properties of calcium-magnesium-silicate glass fiber by DTA, XRD and ICP-AES techniques. The results show that with the addition of Al2O3, the glassy network structure was strengthened and the precipitation of crystals was inhibited for heat-treated fibers. As for the dissolution properties in physiological fluids, though the weight losses, changes of pH values and leached ions concentration lowered slightly with the addition of Al2O3 for the intensified network structure, fibers still present high dissolution rates.

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Huang, Shoujia, Wenzhi Wang, Hong Jiang, Huifeng Zhao i Yanping Ma. "Network Structure and Properties of Lithium Aluminosilicate Glass". Materials 15, nr 13 (28.06.2022): 4555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15134555.

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Based on lithium aluminosilicate glass, the composition of glass was optimized by replacing SiO2 with B2O3, and the influence of glass composition on structure and performance was studied. With the increase in B2O3 concentrations from 0 to 6.5 mol%, Al2O3 always existed in the form of four-coordinated [AlO4] in the network structure, and B2O3 mainly entered the network in the form of four-coordinated [BO4]. The content of Si-O-Si linkages (Q4(0Al)) was always dominant. The incorporation of boron oxide improved the overall degree of polymerization and connectivity of the lithium aluminosilicate glass network structure. An increase in the degree of network polymerization led to a decrease in the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass and an increase in Vickers hardness and density. The durability of the glass in hydrofluoric acid and NaOH and KOH solutions was enhanced overall.

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Ogiwara, Yusuke, Kimiko Dejima, Toru Kyomen i Minoru Hanaya. "Composition Dependence of the Glass Network Structure in Li⁺-ion Conducting Glasses of (LiCl)_x(LiPO₃)_{1-_x} Studied by ³¹P MAS NMR". Key Engineering Materials 596 (grudzień 2013): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.596.31.

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In order to obtain information about the structure of a typical Li+-ion conducting glass of (LiCl)x(LiPO3)1-x, 31P MAS NMR measurements were performed for the glass samples with different LiCl compositions x from 0 to 0.4. NMR spectra of the samples indicated the existence of two kinds of P atoms; one is that within the-P-O-P-O-P-chain of LiPO3, P(Q2), and the other is that at the ends of the chain, P(Q1). The ratio of the amount of P(Q1) to that of P(Q2) was observed to increase with the increment of x. The result shows that the addition of LiCl to the glass former of LiPO3 changes the glass network structure by cutting P-O bonds in one-dimensional phosphate chain, and the increment of the Li+-ion conductivity with the increase of x is concluded to be brought not only by the increase of the amount of LiCl dissolved into the interstices between the phosphate glass networks but also by the dispersion of the phosphate glass network structure.

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Hou, Zhao Xia, Zhao Lu Xue, Shao Hong Wang, Xiao Dan Hu, Hao Ran Lu, Chang Lei Niu, Hao Wang, Cai Wang i Yin Zhou. "Thermal Stability and Structure of Tellurite Glass". Key Engineering Materials 512-515 (czerwiec 2012): 994–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.512-515.994.

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Oxyﬂuoride tellurite glass with the composition of TeO2-AlF3-LaF3-ZnO/ZnCl2/ZnF2 was prepared successfully. The thermal stability and structure of TeO2-AlF3-LaF3 system tellurite glass were studied bySubscript text DSC and IR spectra. The results indicated that glass transition temperature of TeO2-AlF3-LaF3-ZnO/ZnCl2/ZnF2 glass was higher than that of (1-x)TeO2-xAlF3 (x=10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, in mol%) binary glass system slightly. A small number of ZnF2/ZnCl2/ZnO (5mol%) improved glass thermal stability. After adding 5mol% ZnF2/ZnO/ZnCl2 into fluoride tellurite glass respectively, glass transition temperature increased in turn. The introduction of 5mol% different zinc compounds had a little impact on the glass network structure.

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Yan, Tingnan, Weijun Zhang, Haijun Mao, Xingyu Chen i Shuxin Bai. "The effect of CaO/SiO2 and B2O3 on the sintering contraction behaviors of CaO-B2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramics". International Journal of Modern Physics B 33, nr 09 (10.04.2019): 1950070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797921950070x.

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We investigate the effect of CaO/SiO2 (molar ratio) and B2O3 content on the structure and sintering contraction behaviors of Calcium borosilicate (CaO–B2O3–SiO2, CBS) glass-ceramic through the dilatometer and the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results show that the sintering-shrinkage of CBS glass-ceramics is promoted dramatically with the increase of CaO/SiO2 to 1.14, and then keeps nearly constant as the CaO/SiO2 further increases. This phenomenon is correlated with the degree of polymerization (DOP) of the Si–O network structure modulated by the CaO/SiO2, additionally, two sintering shrinkage peaks, corresponding to two-step depolymerization, are detected in the sintering-shrinkage curves of the CBS glass-ceramic as the B2O3 content is elevated to 13.6 mol%. Meanwhile, the shrinking rate of CBS glass-ceramics is increased from 8 × 10[Formula: see text] to 37 × 10[Formula: see text] min[Formula: see text] and the softening point is decreased from 736[Formula: see text]C to 691[Formula: see text]C with the increase of B2O3 content from 6.8 to 20.8 mol⋅%. This is due to the introduction of BO3 trihedral into Si–O–Si three-dimensional structure, which greatly reduces the uniformity and symmetry of the networks, inducing the decrease of the strength for the whole Si–O–Si network structures. The results obtained in this paper reveal the relationship between the glass structure and sintering behavior of the CBS glass-ceramic, which gives an avenue to improve its physical properties.

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Oladele, Isiaka Oluwole, Oluwaseun Temilola Ayanleye, Adeolu Adesoji Adediran, Baraka Abiodun Makinde-Isola, Anuoluwapo Samuel Taiwo i Esther Titilayo Akinlabi. "Characterization of Wear and Physical Properties of Pawpaw–Glass Fiber Hybrid Reinforced Epoxy Composites for Structural Application". Fibers 8, nr 7 (3.07.2020): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib8070044.

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In this study, wear resistance and some selected physical properties of pawpaw–glass fiber hybrid reinforced epoxy composites were investigated. Two different layers of pawpaw stem—linear and network structures—were extracted and chemically modified. Hybrid reinforced composites were developed comparatively from the two fiber structures and glass fiber using hand lay-up in an open mold production process. The wear resistance was studied via the use of a Taber Abrasion Tester while selected physical properties were also investigated. The influence of the fiber structure on the properties examined revealed that network structured pawpaw fiber was the best as reinforcement compared to the linearly structured fiber. The addition of these vegetable fibers to epoxy resin brought about improved thermal conductivity and increased the curing rate while the wear resistance of the corresponding developed composites were enhanced by 3 wt% and 15 wt% of fibers from linear and network pawpaw fibers. It was noticed that linearly structured pawpaw fiber had its best result at 3 wt% while network structured pawpaw fiber had its best result at 15 wt%.

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Renlund, Gary M., Svante Prochazka i Robert H. Doremus. "Silicon oxycarbide glasses: Part II. Structure and properties". Journal of Materials Research 6, nr 12 (grudzień 1991): 2723–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1991.2723.

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Silicon oxycarbide glass is formed by the pyrolysis of silicone resins and contains only silicon, oxygen, and carbon. The glass remains amorphous in x-ray diffraction to 1400 °C and shows no features in transmission electron micrographs (TEM) after heating to this temperature. After heating at higher temperature (1500–1650 °C) silicon carbide lines develop in x-ray diffraction, and fine crystalline regions of silicon carbide and graphite are found in TEM and electron diffraction. XPS shows that silicon-oxygen bonds in the glass are similar to those in amorphous and crystalline silicates; some silicons are bonded to both oxygen and carbon. Carbon is bonded to either silicon or carbon; there are no carbon-oxygen bonds in the glass. Infrared spectra are consistent with these conclusions and show silicon-oxygen and silicon-carbon vibrations, but none from carbon-oxygen bonds. 29Si-NMR shows evidence for four different bonding groups around silicon. The silicon oxycarbide structure deduced from these results is a random network of silicon-oxygen tetrahedra, with some silicons bonded to one or two carbons substituted for oxygen; these carbons are in turn tetrahedrally bonded to other silicon atoms. There are very small regions of carbon-carbon bonds only, which are not bonded in the network. This “free” carbon colors the glass black. When the glass is heated above 1400 °C this network composite rearranges in tiny regions to graphite and silicon carbide crystals. The density, coefficient of thermal expansion, hardness, elastic modulus, index of refraction, and viscosity of the silicon oxycarbide glasses are all somewhat higher than these properties in vitreous silica, probably because the silicon-carbide bonds in the network of the oxycarbide lead to a tighter, more closely packed structure. The oxycarbide glass is highly stable to temperatures up to 1600 °C and higher, because oxygen and water diffuse slowly in it.

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Fedderly, Jeffry J., Gilbert F. Lee, John D. Lee, Bruce Hartmann, Karel Dušek, Miroslava Dušková-Smrčková i Ján Šomvársky. "Network structure dependence of volume and glass transition temperature". Journal of Rheology 44, nr 4 (lipiec 2000): 961–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/1.551122.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Glass Network Structure"

Lu, Xiaonan. "Effects of Transition Metal Oxide and Mixed-Network Formers on Structure and Properties of Borosilicate Glasses". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404587/.

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First, the effect of transition metal oxide (e.g., V2O5, Co2O3, etc.) on the physical properties (e.g., density, glass transition temperature (Tg), optical properties and mechanical properties) and chemical durability of a simplified borosilicate nuclear waste glass was investigated. Adding V2O5 in borosilicate nuclear waste glasses decreases the Tg, while increasing the fracture toughness and chemical durability, which benefit the future formulation of nuclear waste glasses. Second, structural study of ZrO2/SiO2 substitution in silicate/borosilicate glasses was systematically conducted by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and the quantitative structure-property relationships (QSPR) analysis to correlate structural features with measured properties. Third, for bioactive glass formulation, mixed-network former effect of B2O3 and SiO2 on the structure, as well as the physical properties and bioactivity were studied by both experiments and MD simulation. B2O3/SiO2 substitution of 45S5 and 55S5 bioactive glasses increases the glass network connectivity, correlating well with the reduction of bioactivity tested in vitro. Lastly, the effect of optical dopants on the optimum analytical performance on atom probe tomography (APT) analysis of borosilicate glasses was explored. It was found that optical doping could be an effective way to improve data quality for APT analysis with a green laser assisted system, while laser spot size is found to be critical for optimum performance. The combined experimental and simulation approach adopted in this dissertation led to a deeper understanding of complex borosilicate glass structures and structural origins of various properties.

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Chen, Ping. "Intermediate phases, boson and floppy modes, and demixing of network structures of binary As-S and As-Se glasses". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1250689099.

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Dash, Shreeram J. "Aging of Selenium glass probed by MDSC and Raman Scattering Experiments: Growth of inter-chain structural correlations leading to network compaction". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1490354472387536.

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Pumlianmunga. "Influence of local structure and network connectivity on the electrical switching of some Te-based chalcogenide glasses". Thesis, 2018. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/5425.

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Chalcogenide glass (ChG) materials have gained wide attention because of their applications in phase change non-volatile memories (PC-RAM), optical rewritable disks (CD-RW and DVD-RW), infrared detection and thermal imaging. One of the significant properties of ChG materials is the change in the resistivity of the material when a metal such as Al, Cu, and Sb are added. Electrical switching is another interesting and important property possessed by several Te based chalcogenides. Switching is the rapid transition between a high resistive OFF state to low resistive ON state driven by an external electric field and characterized by a threshold voltage. The contrast in electrical resistivity between the OFF and ON state is > 103 Ohms. This electrical switching can be of two types: (i) Threshold switching and (ii) memory switching. Upon the removal of the applied field threshold switching device reverts back to the OFF state, whereas the memory device retains the ON state. Memory switching, a non-reversible transition is understood based on the thermal mechanism where the applied electric field drives the system from amorphous/glass (OFF) to crystalline (ON) state. Threshold switching, a reversible transition is understood based on electronic transitions. Electrical switching is mainly influence by the network connectivity, rigidity, local structure, and glass forming ability. Investigations on electrical switching in chalcogenide glasses help in understanding the mechanism of switching which is necessary to select and modify materials for specific switching applications. In this work, we have studied the influence of network connectivity,local structure and glass forming ability on electrical switching in melt quenched bulk Al-Te, Al-Te-Sb, Al-As-Te and GeTe4-As2Se3 chalcogenide glasses. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy, Magic Angle Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS-NMR), Nano-Indentation methods were used to study the properties of these glasses. From the obtained results the threshold and memory switching exhibited by these glasses were understood uniquely by the thermal mechanism.

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Lu, Linghong. "Structural principles for dynamics of glass networks". Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/900.

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Gene networks can be modeled by piecewise-linear (PL) switching systems of differential equations, called Glass networks after their originator. Networks of interacting genes that regulate each other may have complicated interactions. From a `systems biology' point of view, it would be useful to know what types of dynamical behavior are possible for certain classes of network interaction structure. A useful way to describe the activity of this network symbolically is to represent it as a directed graph on a hypercube of dimension $n$ where $n$ is the number of elements in the network. Our work here is considering this problem backwards, i.e. we consider different types of cycles on the $n$-cube and show that there exist parameters, consistent with the directed graph on the hypercube, such that a periodic orbit exists. For any simple cycle on the $n$-cube with a non-branching vertex, we prove by construction that it is possible to have a stable periodic orbit passing through the corresponding orthants for some sets of focal points $F$ in Glass networks. When the simple cycle on the $n$-cube doesn't have a non-branching vertex, a structural principle is given to determine whether it is possible to have a periodic orbit for some focal points. Using a similar construction idea, we prove that for self-intersecting cycles where the vertices revisited on the cycle are not adjacent, there exist Glass networks which have a periodic orbit passing through the corresponding orthants of the cycle. For figure-8 patterns with more than one common vertex, we obtain results on the form of the return map (Poincar{\'e} map) with respect to how the images of the returning cones of the 2 component cycle intersect the returning cone themselves. Some of these allow complex behaviors.

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Książki na temat "Glass Network Structure"

Lyons, Andrew C. Customer-Driven Supply Chains: From Glass Pipelines to Open Innovation Networks. London: Springer London, 2012.

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Papailiou, Konstantin O. Silicone Composite Insulators: Materials, Design, Applications. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.

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Papailiou, Konstantin O., i Frank Schmuck. Silicone Composite Insulators: Materials, Design, Applications. Springer, 2016.

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Papailiou, Konstantin O., i Frank Schmuck. Silicone Composite Insulators: Materials, Design, Applications. Springer, 2012.

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Części książek na temat "Glass Network Structure"

Salmon, Philip S., i Anita Zeidler. "The Atomic-Scale Structure of Network Glass-Forming Materials". W Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Disordered Materials, 1–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15675-0_1.

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Jančíková, Zora, Pavel Koštial, Soňa Rusnáková, Petr Jonšta, Ivan Ružiak, Jiří David, Jan Valíček i Karel Frydrýšek. "Artificial Neural Network Modelling of Glass Laminate Sample Shape Influence on the ESPI Modes". W Advanced Structured Materials, 61–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31497-1_3.

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Oleinik, Eduard F. "Epoxy-aromatic amine networks in the glassy state structure and properties". W Advances in Polymer Science, 49–99. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-16423-5_12.

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Xu, Jing, Jian Wang, Dongpo Wang i Zheng Chen. "Measurement of Velocity and Particle Size in Shock Wave Area Generated by Experimental Granular Flow Impacting on a Cylinder Based on Image Processing Methods". W Advances in Frontier Research on Engineering Structures, 275–86. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8657-4_25.

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AbstractThe measurement of flow velocity and particle size remains an important issue in granular -flow dynamics and can provide important basis to better understand the physics in granular material, particularly when it impacts on a structure. In this study, laboratory chute experiments were performed with quartz-glass particle materials to investigate the characteristics of granular shock developed upstream of a cylinder generated by granular flow impacts. A time series of flow images recorded by a camera has been analyzed and processed using the digital image processing methods such as the gray processing, the image binarization, the image corrosion and expansion, and the generative adversarial networks, with a goal of obtaining flow velocity and particle size in the granular shock area. The experimental results reveal that the granular-flow velocity grows with increasing slope angle. The granular shock thickness shows a general increase with the growing number of particles in the shock area, and the number of particles demonstrates an inversely proportional to increasing Froude number, providing a potential method for determining the particle size of dense granular flow. The findings of this study could help to better understand the shock dynamics of granular flow impacting on an obstacle.

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Li, Peixian, Gecheng Yuan, Zhenghua Lu, Qian Li i Qiguang Wu. "Network Structures and Thermal Characteristics of Bi2O3–SiO2–B2O3 Glass Powder by Sol-Gel". W Springer Proceedings in Physics, 227–37. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5947-7_24.

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Martin, James D. "Amorphous Materials Engineering: Designing Structure in Liquid and Glassy Metal-Halide Networks". W Ceramic Transactions Series, 57–67. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118408063.ch5.

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Li, Peixian, Gecheng Yuan, Zhenghua Lu, Qian Li i Qiguang Wu. "Correction to: Network Structures and Thermal Characteristics of Bi2O3–SiO2–B2O3 Glass Powder by Sol-Gel". W Springer Proceedings in Physics, C1. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5947-7_25.

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USUKI, T., K. NAKAJIMA, T. FURUKAWA, T. NASU, M. SAKURAI i S. KOHARA. "GLASS NETWORK STRUCTURE IN NOBLE METAL CHALCOHALIDE GLASSES". W Solid State Ionics, 835–42. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812702586_0093.

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Finney, John. "4. Water as a liquid—and as glass(es)". W Water: A Very Short Introduction, 46–76. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198708728.003.0004.

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For a liquid to flow, the molecules must move. So can a liquid have a structure? ‘Water as a liquid—and as glass(es)’ illustrates that it can; under normal temperature and pressure conditions, the structure of liquid is represented by the random network model. Important structural data on water have been obtained from the scattering of neutrons and X-rays: the four-fold tetrahedral motif dominates, but the data also tell us how the real structure differs from the reference random network, both under normal conditions and as temperature and pressure changes. Water’s dynamical aspects when it is heated, put under pressure, becomes supercritical, and is supercooled are considered. Three distinct amorphous ice structures are also discussed.

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"Structures of Glasses". W Introduction to Glass Science and Technology, 74–114. Wyd. 3. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/bk9781839161414-00074.

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We know that the properties of three different samples of glasses of the same nominal composition, produced independently in three different laboratories, and annealed in the same manner, will be identical within reasonable limits. Our basic understanding of the solid state then indicates that these glasses have, if not identical, at least very similar structures. It follows that a lack of long range, periodic structure does not, in and of itself, preclude the existence of structure at a level that will control the properties of material. Most of the structural models found in the literature today actually only address the formation of a network. Very few directly address the issues of bond angle distributions, bond rotations, and bond length variations inherent to a random network model. Many of these models only attempt to explain trends in one property or type of spectrum, ignoring masses of other data for the same system which often cannot be explained using the proposed model. As a result, one should be very cautious in accepting any structural model for glasses without a thorough understanding of the limitations of the model and, unfortunately, possible bias on the part of those proposing the model.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Glass Network Structure"

Hobbs, Linn W. "What Can Topological Models Tell Us About Glass Structure and Properties?" W Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Fibers and Waveguides. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bgppf.1997.jsua.2.

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Atomic arrangements in condensed matter partition three-dimensional space into polyhedra whose edges are interatomic vectors. These polyhedra, formally known as void polytopes, fill (tesselate) space, and their identity and arrangement can provide one description of a given atomic arrangement (Figure 1a) [1]. Other tessellations associated with space-filling of random structures are Voronoi polyhedral cells [2] and their dual the Delauney network [3]. These tessellations are relatively intuitive in two dimensions, but considerably more complex in three-dimensions—for example in tetrahedral networks like SiO2—where a set of as many as 126 void polyhedra may be required to model interstitial space [1]. Because many arrangements favor particular coordination of one atom by others, owing to bond orbital, radius ratio, or local electrostatic neutrality considerations, discrete coordination polyhedra comprise a subset of the possible void polytopes, and the structure may be described by the way in which coordination polyhedra are connected together and fill space by defining the remaining void polytopes. Space filling by connected structural units was a favorite description tool of early crystal chemists [4], and in fact the connectivity of such structural polytopes (number of polytopes sharing vertices, edges and faces) has been shown to correlate with glass-forming ability and extendability of aperiodic networks [5] and to govern the amorphizability of crystalline solids [6].

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Liegong, Wu, Xin Qiming i Robert E. Parks. "The Surface Structure of Machined Optical Glass". W Science of Optical Finishing. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/sciof.1990.sma7.

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Eight kinds of optical glass were ground with loose abrasive SiC and sintered diamond tools. The machined surfaces were examined with an electromicroscope. It had been found that the surface cracks of glass were distinguished from the network structure as known before, instead it appeared slice-shaped and overlapped. This new discover will be benifit to the study on the mechanism of grinding of optical glass.

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Fletcher, Luke B., Jon J. Witcher, Denise M. Krol i Richard K. Brow. "The Role of Metaphosphate Glass Composition on Changes to the Glass Network Structure After Modification by Femtosecond Laser Pulses". W Femtosecond Laser Microfabrication. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/lm.2009.lmtub4.

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Lin, Yilei, Ting He, Shiqiang Wang, Kevin Chan i Stephen Pasteris. "Looking Glass of NFV: Inferring the Structure and State of NFV Network from External Observations". W IEEE INFOCOM 2019 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications. IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/infocom.2019.8737393.

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Xu, Jin-Sha, Chen-Huai Tang, Yi Chen, Fa-Cai Ren, Jun Si, Ju Ding, Pu-Gen Zhang, Yu-Qing Yang, Yan-Nan Du i Shou-Peng Han. "Effect of Glaze Composition on the Corrosion Resistance of Glass Lining of Glass-Lined Pressure Vessels". W ASME 2020 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2020-21153.

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Abstract Glass-lined pressure vessels are widely used in various corrosion conditions because of their excellent corrosion resistance. Under the same firing process condition, the corrosion-resistant properties of glass-lined vessels are largely dependent upon the glaze composition. In this paper, three kinds of glazes were selected to study the corrosion resistance to acid and alkali of the glass lining. Based on the glaze composition analysis, the corrosion quantity and the micromorphology observations of the corroded surfaces, the effect of glaze composition on the corrosion resistance to acid and alkali of glass lining was discussed. The results showed that the corrosion resistance of glass lining was mainly to the content of SiO2 and the continuity level of [SiO4] skeleton in glass network structure. The higher continuity level of [SiO4] skeleton led to the better physicochemical properties of the glass lining. The addition of the acid resistant oxide TiO2 improved the acid resistance of glass lining. The proper addition of ZrO2 improved the corrosion resistance to acid and alkali. There were two reasons, one of which was that the joining of Zr4+ into the glass network improved the structural integrity, and the other was that the reaction of Zr4+ with OH− produced Zr(OH)4 on the glass lining occurred and formed a shielding lining against alkali when glass lining was in the alkaline condition.

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Taheri, B., A. Munoz F., R. C. Powell, D. H. Blackburn i D. C. Cranmer. "Effect of structure and composition of the thermal lensing and permanent laser-induced refractive-index changes in glasses". W OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1991.mc3.

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We have previously reported the ability to produce permanent refractive-index gratings in rare earth-doped glasses through the creation of laser-induced local structural changes and have shown how thermal lensing affects the grating properties. We present here the extension of this research to the investigation of the effects of glass structure and composition on thermal lensing and on the ability to produce permanent gratings. New types of lithium borate, lead and magnesium silicates and germanates, and a lead phosphate glass were investigated. The results of four-wave mixing experiments show that the grating scattering efficiency is strongly dependent on the strength of the chemical bonds and the charge to radius ratio of the glass components. The thermal lensing properties of these materials under 7-ns pulsed excitation at 457nm can be attributed to the molecular polarizibility of their components. They are also dependent on lead concentration and are stronger in the silicates and germanates, having continuous random network structures, compared to the phosphates and borates with more constrained chain- and ring-type structures, respectively. A model is presented to interpret the results of thermal lensing experiments.

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Li, C. James, i T. Y. Huang. "Automatic Structure and Parameter Training Methods for Modeling of Mechanical System by Recurrent Neural Networks". W ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-0402.

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Abstract Automatic nonlinear-system identification is very useful for various disciplines including, e.g., automatic control, mechanical diagnostics, and financial market prediction. This paper describes a fully automatic structural and weight learning method for recurrent neural networks (RNN). The basic idea is training with residuals, i.e., a single hidden neuron RNN is trained to track the residuals of an existing network before it is augmented to the existing network to form a larger and better network. The network continues to grow until either a desired level of accuracy or a preset maximal number of neurons is reached. The method requires neither guess of initial weight values nor the number of neurons in the hidden layer from users. This new structural and weight learning algorithm is used to find RNN models for a two-degree-of-freedom planar robot, a Van der Pol oscillator and a Mackey-Glass equation using their simulated responses to excitations. In addition, a RNN model is obtained for a real robot using its input and output measurements. The algorithm is effective in all four cases and RNN models were shown to be superior to linear models and hybrid models wherever the comparison was made.

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YEON, JEJOON, SANJIB C. CHOWDHURY, CHAITANYA M. DAKSHA, DONATO BELMONTE, ADRI VAN DUIN i JOHN W. GILLESPIE, JR. "PARAMETERIZATION OF REAXFF POTENTIAL OF MG/AL/SI/O INTERACTION AND INVESTIGATION OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES FOR S-GLASS". W Thirty-sixth Technical Conference. Destech Publications, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/asc36/35858.

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New ReaxFF parameters are developed for the description of Mg/Al/Si/O interaction for the Magnesium Aluminosilicate (MAS) glass structure. The training set contains energy curves from equation of state for various Mg/Al/Si/O crystals, valence angle and bond distance scan, and heat of formation for the Mg/Al/Si/O interactions. A semi-automated Genetic Algorithm assisted by Artificial Neural Network is applied for this parametrization. Validation efforts showed the current ReaxFF parameter set can describe the atomistic structure and property of tectosilicate MAS glass including S-glass. Estimated quasi-static modulus of S-glass structure matches well with experimental value. Analysis shows the key of high modulus of S-glass is numerous Mg-BO (Bridge Oxygen) interactions across the Mg-O-AlSi structure. In addition, atomistic origin of high ductility and progressive failure of S-glass is derived from the reconstruction of the atomic structure, forming Mg-BO-Si interactions that delays fracture formation.

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Fan, Ke, Changan Wang, Yabiao Wang, Chengjie Wang, Ran Yi i Lizhuang Ma. "RFENet: Towards Reciprocal Feature Evolution for Glass Segmentation". W Thirty-Second International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-23}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2023/80.

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Glass-like objects are widespread in daily life but remain intractable to be segmented for most existing methods. The transparent property makes it difficult to be distinguished from background, while the tiny separation boundary further impedes the acquisition of their exact contour. In this paper, by revealing the key co-evolution demand of semantic and boundary learning, we propose a Selective Mutual Evolution (SME) module to enable the reciprocal feature learning between them. Then to exploit the global shape context, we propose a Structurally Attentive Refinement (SAR) module to conduct a fine-grained feature refinement for those ambiguous points around the boundary. Finally, to further utilize the multi-scale representation, we integrate the above two modules into a cascaded structure and then introduce a Reciprocal Feature Evolution Network (RFENet) for effective glass-like object segmentation. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our RFENet achieves state-of-the-art performance on three popular public datasets. Code is available at https://github.com/VankouF/RFENet.

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Durkin, Michael K., Morten Ibsen, Richard I. Laming i Valeria Gusmeroli. "Equalisation of Spectral Non-Uniformities in Broad-Band Chirped Fibre Gratings". W Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Fibers and Waveguides. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bgppf.1997.bmg.16.

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The use of chirped fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs) in a dispersion compensating role has been shown to be a successful technology with great promise for future network upgrades [1,2]. A natural consequence of using FBGs in a negative dispersion sense is that although the structure is designed to phase-match forward- and backward-propagating LP01 modes, the phase-matching condition for coupling from the forward propagating fundamental mode to a higher order cladding-mode is also met for wavelengths just below that of the fundamental Bragg reflection. Because propagation in cladding-modes is extremely lossy there is a significant out-coupling of this shorter wavelength light. The chirped nature of FBGs designed for broad-band (> 5 nm) dispersion compensation means that this cladding-mode loss is integrated along the length of the grating with the result that the reflection spectrum has a slope extending from the short wavelength edge of the useable bandwidth. In a practical transmission system this in-band variation of reflectivity is unacceptable. In this paper the authors present for the first time a demonstration of spectral equalisation of cladding-mode losses by exercising control over local apodisation along the length of a 8.5 nm 75 cm long continuously-written chirped FBG. No post-processing was used.

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