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1
Curro, Costanza. "Excessive hospitality: Personhood, moral boundaries and domination around the Georgian table". Journal of Consumer Culture 20, nr 2 (31.12.2019): 216–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469540519891278.
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This article investigates the making of personhood through conspicuous hospitality practices in the Republic of Georgia, focusing on how this process has underpinned moral boundary drawing in Georgia’s recent history – from the late Soviet era, through the 1990s, to the years following the Rose Revolution in 2003. Largely perceived and defined as tradition by local people and external observers, hospitality is a powerful device to organise social relationships and exchanges in the community. Excess is a fundamental feature of hospitality practices: people spend many hours around the table displaying, offering and consuming plenty of food and alcoholic drinks and engaging in conspicuous bodily gestures and speech. Analysing literary and media sources and data collected through participant observation and follow-up interviews, the article explores the way in which shifting moral boundaries drawn upon hospitality practices have transformed domination and counter-domination patterns in Georgian society. From a unifying marker of Georgians’ positive distinctiveness vis-à-vis other people, hospitality’s excesses became a token of increasing socio-economic inequality. The analysis contributes to the understanding of consumption, especially in its excessive aspects, as a fundamental element in the making of individual and collective personhood, which, in turn, shapes boundaries of exclusion and inclusion within and across smaller and larger communities.
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Russo, Alessandra, i Francesca Zambelli. "The European Union’s Approach to Post-conflict Displacement and “the Local Turn”: A Study on Georgia’s Second-wave Internally Displaced People". Caucasus Survey 11, nr 2-3 (15.09.2023): 312–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/23761202-bja10024.
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Abstract How and to what extent do the European Union’s (EU) presence and projects in Georgia respond to principles and commitments relating to conflict and context sensitivity and local ownership? Drawing on local turns unfolding in both European studies and peace and conflict studies, the article focuses on EU support to Georgian internally displaced persons (IDP s) and discusses how this is received and perceived by actors on the ground in the context of the EU’s crisis response and the post-conflict setting in Georgia. The discussion is based on data from a questionnaire distributed to 40 respondents in three IDP settlements and by seven interviews with Brussels- and Georgia-based EU officials, as well as local and national authorities, non-governmental organization practitioners, and international organizations implementing EU projects in Georgia. Despite the existence of EU-sponsored measures of assistance targeting Georgian IDP s and the overall positive perception of the EU’s role in large sectors of Georgia’s society, the analysis reveals that the EU does not seem to be fully capable of interacting with local stakeholders and beneficiaries in an effective way. This limits the EU’s ability to uphold the principles of local ownership and conflict sensitivity.
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Delcour, Laure, i Elene Panchulidze. "“It Takes Three to Tango”: Georgia’s Engagement in Trilateral Formats as Part of the Eastern Partnership". Caucasus Survey 11, nr 2-3 (15.09.2023): 139–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/23761202-bja10012.
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Abstract Drawing on the case of Georgia, this article seeks to understand better how the EU’s partners adjust to the uncertainty of the EU’s offer as part of the Eastern Partnership, and how their identification narratives evolve in response to this indeterminacy. We use the concept of liminality to capture the imprecision of the EU’s offer and the state of in-betweenness of the EU’s associated partners. Through an analysis of Georgia’s identification practices, we then shed light on how Georgian elites have pushed for an identity-driven self-representation as a key political strategy vis-à-vis the EU. We argue that such repositioning and, more recently, the tactical use of the Association Trio reflect Georgia’s approach to developing its agency in response to uncertainty.
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Zurabashvili, Tornike. "Small Nation in a Big World: Geopolitical Visions in President Mikheil Saakashvili’s Rhetoric". Caucasus Survey 11, nr 2-3 (15.09.2023): 190–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/23761202-bja10019.
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Abstract This article explores the interplay of Georgian national identity and foreign policy in the rhetoric of Mikheil Saakashvili, President of Georgia in 2004–13, and offers a theoretical framework that captures the complex nature of these interactions. Drawing on the scholarly tradition of critical geopolitics, the article examines perceptions and images of the role of Georgia and its position vis-à-vis the external world in the annual addresses delivered to the Parliament of Georgia. More specifically, the article explores four constitutive areas for Georgia’s geopolitical identity – the world, Europe, the United States and Russia – as well as the meanings attached to these spaces. By uncovering how these external spaces have been framed and communicated by President Saakashvili, the article adds to our understanding of the reasoning and ideational determinants of the foreign policy orientation of modern-day Georgia, as well as of the major tenets of its geopolitical identity.
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Emelyanenko, Tatyana G. "Materials of I.M. Pulner on the Ethnography of the Georgian Jews in the Аrchive of the Russian Ethnographic Museum: 1926–29". Herald of an archivist, nr 2 (2021): 603–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2021-2-603-614.
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The article introduces one of the documentary sources on the history and ethnography of the Georgian Jews stored in the archive of the Russian Ethnographic Museum – field materials collected by I. M. Pulner in his expeditions to Georgia in 1926, 1928, and 1929. The introductory part of the article provides a brief summary of the main stages of his professional activity, wherein his study of the Georgian Jews ethnography dates back to his student years. The expeditions he carried out at that time were the first experience of purposeful ethnographic study of this Jewish ethnic group. Pulner's field materials accrue special scientific value as they contain real facts and people’s statements, as well as ethnographer’s direct observations, which give a fairly objective idea of everyday culture and socio-economic conditions of the Georgian Jews in the second half of the 1920s. The documents of the archive include expedition journal and report, as well as separate notes on various areas of Georgian Jewish culture. Most notes date from Pulner’s first trip to Kutaisi; in the following two years, he mostly visited villages where the Georgian Jews lived, but the archive of the Museum contains only several his recordings of weather wisdom, culinary recipes, and song lyrics written down in these trips. The article chiefly analyses Pulner’s Kutaisi materials. Drawing on them, methods and peculiarities of his ethnographic work among the local Jews are revealed; areas in which he collected his data are described; certain information is cited concerning occupation, material situation, organization of religious life, specificity of religious rituals performed in synagogue, Sabbath celebration, state of Jewish education following the closure of Jewish schools during the Soviet era, attitude to the ideas of Zionism among the youth, relations (including matrimony) between the mountain Jews, Ashkenazi, and Georgians Jews, traditional dwelling and its decoration, festive and everyday food, clothing, folk sayings, wedding ceremonial rites, etc. Among all occupations, Pulner underscored trade, which remained the main occupation of the Jews of Kutaisi, although it fell into decay under the Soviet rule, forcing Jews to master new professions of porters and water sellers, which were considered lowly occupations in Georgia. Talking about the synagogue, he drew attention to the fact that among the Georgian Jews it was not just a place for performing religious rites, but also the center of the Jewish quarter residents’ social life; he noted the leading role of cantor in synagogue service and detailed its procedure. There are interesting materials about relationship between the Georgian Jews and the Jews of other ethnic groups (mountain, Ashkenazi) demonstrating their distancing, as well as materials on their close cooperation with the Georgians in everyday life. Information on material culture is brief and concerns mainly clothing worn by men and women. Of the wedding rituals, Pulner managed to record only matchmaking rites. He did not succeed in continuing a full-scale study the eorgian Jews, and those materials he collected during his student expeditions remain rare evidence of the Georgian Jews in the Soviet era.
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Zura Gamtenadze, Zura Gamtenadze. "Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) Role in Georgian Regional Economy". Economics 105, nr 3-4 (15.05.2022): 108–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/ecs105/3-4/2023-108.
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This research paper investigates the role of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in local economic development within Georgian regions, focusing on their impact on job creation, innovation, and regional growth. Drawing on an extensive literature review, the paper synthesizes key themes such as the characteristics of SMEs, the business environment, access to finance, capacity building, innovation, and internationalization. The analysis emphasizes the importance of understanding the unique challenges and opportunities faced by SMEs in Georgian regions, with particular attention given to high-growth SMEs. By examining factors such as the regulatory framework, financial services, skills development, technology adoption, and export opportunities, the paper offers valuable insights into fostering a supportive ecosystem for SMEs. The research highlights the potential for targeted interventions to bolster local economic development and enhance regional competitiveness in Georgia.
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Gursoy, Faruk. "Investment Climate in Georgia and Attracting Foreign Direct Investment". Caucasus Journal of Social Sciences 1, nr 1 (10.11.2023): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.62343/cjss.2008.2.
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This paper focuses on the levels of foreign direct investments comingto Georgia. The main areas addressed by this study include: how tocreate a favorable investment climate in Georgia and on the possiblemeans of encouragement of FDI inflows in the Georgian economy.This paper aims to fill the knowledge gap in the area of foreign directinvestment (FDI) research in Georgia. Various dimensions of FDIwere analyzed from a comparative perspective drawing on the casestudies of investors in Georgia. The analysis first focused on majorobstacles that investors face while performing. Then, attractive featuresof business climate of Georgia were investigated. Finally, performanceissues confronting FDI firms were analyzed. The studyresults indicated that reasons to invest in Georgia are geopolitical situationand having empty market, and incentives to improve theinvestment climate of Georgia were State guaranties, tax holidays,political stability, development of infrastructure and advertisement.Another result of the study was that Georgian Government doeseverything to have free market conditions and do not intervene to theeconomy. Although the issue of safety affects foreign investors, it doesnot act as a major deterrent of FDI inflows. The most serious probleminfluencing the performance of FDI firms were found to be notenough skilled and educated local labor force, economic and politicaluncertainty. In general, however, it was found that foreign investorshave been satisfied with their performance largely due to the relativelysmooth competition and the availability of several market niches incountry market.
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Nilsson, Niklas. "Role conceptions, crises, and Georgia’s foreign policy". Cooperation and Conflict 54, nr 4 (3.11.2018): 445–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010836718808332.
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This article explores the scope conditions of national role conceptions as reference points for foreign policy decision making during crises. It aims to contribute to a refined perspective of the agency of new states undergoing socialization processes in relations with significant others. Drawing on a primary material consisting of interviews with Georgian and US officials, the article analyzes the significance of Georgia’s role conceptions in the country’s relations with the USA in relation to two major crises: the 2007 riots in Tbilisi and the 2008 war with Russia. The article posits that crises provide situational circumstances where the requirements of appropriate behavior associated with role expectations may enter into conflict with the demands of the immediate situation. In order to resolve ensuing role conflicts, actors face the need to both rationalize role expectations, and to compensate for departures from them. In turn, these strategies relate to the possibility for change and stability in role conceptions, and by extension their enactment in foreign policy. The analysis of the Georgian government’s management of the two crises demonstrates actions that implied both rationalization and compensation, aiming to retain the credibility of its existing role conceptions in the eyes of its US counterparts.
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WATSON, KATHERINE D. "Women, violent crime and criminal justice in Georgian Wales". Continuity and Change 28, nr 2 (sierpień 2013): 245–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416013000246.
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This article examines encounters of women with the criminal justice system in Wales during the century before the Courts of Great Sessions were abolished in 1830. Drawing on evidence from cases of sexual assault and homicide, it argues that women who killed were rarely convicted or punished harshly. A gendered discretion of sorts also acted against rape victims, as trials never resulted in conviction. Using violence as a lens, the paper reveals a distinctively Welsh approach to criminal justice, and offers quantitative evidence on which further comparative studies of the history of law and crime in England and Wales may be based.
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Chanturia, Rusudan. "Inclusion of Students with Disabilities: Comparative Perspectives of Special and Regular Teachers in Georgia". International Journal of Special Education (IJSE) 38, nr 2 (27.10.2023): 124–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.52291/ijse.2023.38.28.
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Within a global debate around inclusion, there is a shared understanding that teachers’ attitudes are decisive in making inclusive education a reality. Research examining teachers’ attitudes in Georgia towards inclusion is scarce. This paper utilizes an explanatory sequential mixed methods design to examine teachers' attitudes toward inclusion, uncovering their predictors and highlighting the persistent influence of the Soviet legacy of 'defectology' on disability perceptions. Drawing on data obtained from 811 regular and special education teachers of 308 public schools, the study contributes to the global knowledge of the role of teachers' attitudes in promoting inclusion. The study reveals that teachers of Georgia are mostly ‘ableist’ and have deficit views of disability. The paper argues that only long-term training in inclusive practices predicts positive attitudes for both groups of teachers. Special education teachers demonstrate higher willingness for inclusion. Regular teachers spotlight normalcy, reveal low expectations for academic achievement, and focus on behaviour management rather than broader teaching practices. Both groups associate inclusion benefits primarily with social and emotional development. Resistance to inclusion is more prevailing among secondary grades, STEM, Georgian, and English teachers. The findings have policy implications for enhancing education quality for children with disabilities and teachers’ professional development system in Georgia.
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Asaka, Ikuko. "Different Tales of John Glasgow: John Brown’s Evolution to Slave Life in Georgia". Journal of Black Studies 49, nr 3 (10.01.2018): 212–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021934717749417.
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This article seeks to advance conversation on the literary and political agency of fugitive slave narrators and their far-reaching archival footprints by focusing on the evolution of John Brown’s narrative of John Glasgow, a Demerara-born free Black sailor with whom Brown toiled side by side on a Georgian plantation. In British and U.S. abolitionist discourse, Glasgow’s tragic story—he was imprisoned under Georgia’s seamen law upon arriving in Savannah and eventually fell into bondage—made him the symbol of the southern seamen acts’ egregious infringement of British freedom. Brown, a formerly enslaved expatriate resident in England, told this tale in his autobiography Slave Life in Georgia, but the authorship of this story has some ambiguity. It is believed by some scholars that the narrative’s editor, London-based White abolitionist Louis Alexis Chamerovzow, concocted the tale. By drawing on newly discovered documents, this article demonstrates that Brown originally attributed Glasgow’s enslavement to kidnapping by deceit, not to a Black seamen law. Furthermore, an examination of British diplomatic dispatches and the details of the Black seaman law operating in Savannah at that time posits the likelihood that Glasgow became enslaved by deception rather than law. What do we make of these findings? Instead of marshalling them to confirm Chamerovzow as the story’s creator, this article speculates that John Brown himself invented the Glasgow story and imagines a transatlantic Black political circuitry connecting England and Canada.
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Evallyo, V. D. "The Adventures of Road Workers (1974–1980): National Specificity of the Georgian Trio". Art & Culture Studies, nr 1 (marzec 2024): 490–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.51678/2226-0072-2024-1-490-511.
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The author focuses on a series of short films about road workers, created in 1974–1980 by different directors of the Georgia Film studio based on the scripts by Rezo Gabriadze. Despite the light comedic structure, each of the films in the cycle correlates with traditional art forms and is a kind of a parable about the important work of three friends who continue the work of their great ancestors in an already built-up world. This comedy cycle turns to the aesthetic foundations of Georgian cinema, which allows drawing conclusions about transformations in cinema, the processes of irony over the established film traditions, and nostalgia for the national cultural heritage. There is no large-scale epic background in the cinematic reality; it is introduced by a thin visual-semantic layer, paying tribute to national pride and history with the winding road surface, hills, endless fields, and the temperament of the characters. In the narrative and visual form, the three road workers can be interpreted as a homage to the Coward, the Fool and the Pro — the famous characters of Leonid Gaidai. With their undoubted masculinity, the Georgian trio paradoxically corresponds not only with Gaidai’s characters; it also represents a family where a strict ‘mother’ energetically raises a fidgety ‘child’ under the stern and gloomy gaze of a ‘father’. The spatial design of the filmic reality is dominated by road; most of the troubles happen when the characters consciously or forcedly deviate from the asphalt road itself. Overcoming the boundaries of this extended field, the characters find themselves in a moderately hostile world, salvation from which lies in returning to their road ‘Eden’.
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Lemaitre, Gwendoline. "Case Study of a Tush Transhumance. Contemporary Challenges of a Journey across Georgia: Sociability, Contingency and Relationship to the Land". Nomadic Peoples 26, nr 1 (1.03.2022): 61–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/np.2022.260104.
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There are few contemporary social scientific studies on the Caucasus, and fewer still that deal with pastoralism in its own right. Yet, as a gateway between Europe and Asia, this is a region of extreme cultural, linguistic and ecosystemic diversity. Pastoralism has played a central role here historically, the basis of many mythic tales known throughout the world (e.g., the Golden Fleece). Drawing on a case study of Georgian transhumance from my own fieldwork, the goal of this article is to amplify research on Caucasian pastoralism with a contemporary overview of the core issues.
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Jinoria, Khatuna. "Main Problems of Protection of Shareholder’s Rights in Georgia". European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, nr 31 (30.11.2017): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n31p64.
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The development of market and fair competition is based on the protection of individuals’ rights including shareholders’ rights. The interests of investors are ensured by solid legal guarantee. It is however important to keep in mind that the important goal of drawing the attention of investors should not jeopardize the rights of minority shareholders. Shareholders’ rights drew the attention of scholars from the very beginning. Despite the efforts of numerous authors, development of case-law and several legal reforms, the way to solve the difficulty that arose due to contradiction between the interests of those two groups – minority and majority shareholders – is still missing. After “velvet revolution”, in an attempt to create an attractive environment for foreign investors, Georgian legislators went overboard and broke the balance at minority shareholders stake. It is very important to finally find the right balance to protect both groups and also to ensure the normal functioning of the company. The article is focused on the identification of the main problems of the protection of shareholders’ rights in Georgian legislation and court practice. It overviews the legal model of regulation and outlines the directions of the necessary legislative reforms. The deficiencies that violate minority shareholders’ rights on legislation level by setting unclear and unbalanced procedures were sorted out. The article also offers general directions of legal amendments which are necessary to eliminate flaws in Georgian legislation and court practices.
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Dixon, Nicholas. "The Church of England and the Coronation Rite, 1761–1838". Church History 90, nr 1 (marzec 2021): 98–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640721000718.
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AbstractBritish coronations from 1761 to 1838 have conventionally been dismissed as tawdry pageants with little religious significance. The study of these ceremonies has also been impeded by the dominance of historiographical frameworks characterizing the later Georgian period as an era of political secularization. Drawing upon many neglected sources, this article challenges such presuppositions by situating the Anglican clergy in the foreground of coronations and exploring the ways in which these events were perceived to retain a religious and political significance. The discussion encompasses theoretical understandings of coronations and the practical tensions between church and state exposed by them.
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Lucey, Conor. "Women and the Construction Industry in Georgian Britain and Ireland". Architectural History 66 (2023): 127–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/arh.2023.7.
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ABSTRACTWhile the role of women as designers and/or patrons of architecture in eighteenth-century Britain and Ireland is increasingly recognised, their role in the making of architecture remains contested. This article sheds light on the subject by drawing not just on the extensive secondary literature, but also on records of livery companies and other primary sources in London and Dublin. It begins with the building site, focusing on female apprenticeship. Here substantial evidence is provided showing that girls bound to bricklayers, carpenters and plasterers as apprentices — the so-called ’lost labourers’ of recent scholarship, recorded in guild registers and court minutes — did not in fact acquire craft skills or work as on-site operatives in those trades. The article then turns to those areas of the building process to which women did make a substantial contribution: first the practical realm, including brickmaking, lime-burning and the cleaning and preparation of carved and moulded work for painters and decorators; then the organisational realm of business, including property development, house-building and estate management. Taken together, these stories from the margins of architectural and labour histories make clear the distinction between competence in skills and competence in business, giving a more accurate picture of the multifarious nature of female participation in the construction industry in the Georgian era.
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Vasilyan, Syuzanna. "The External Legitimacy of the EU in the South Caucasus". European Foreign Affairs Review 16, Issue 3 (1.08.2011): 341–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2011024.
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This article delves into the external legitimacy of the European Union (EU) in the South Caucasus by analysing the perceptions of the EU's image and role as held by the Armenian, Azeri, and Georgian governments, the public, and political parties. It tests the academic claims regarding the EU's 'difference' by scrutinizing key official documents, drawing on surveys, and relying on in-depth semi-structured interviews. Consequently, it reveals the variations among the three South Caucasian states in terms of their current and potential future visions of the EU. By showing that the Union is seen as comparable to others, like the United States and Russia or intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the Council of Europe (CoE), and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), this article ponders on the potential future perception of the Union provided the needs, interests, demands, and aspirations of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. Most importantly, it probes into the proportionality of the EU's policy in the South Caucasus, ponders on its ramifications as a result of the boost in its external relations foreseen by the Lisbon Treaty, and offers policy advice for the Union to meet the expectations of its 'neighbours'.
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Caffee, Naomi, i Robert Denis. "The Devil and the Mullah: Satirical Personae in the Pre-Revolutionary Press of the South Caucasus". Experiment 28, nr 1 (21.12.2022): 118–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/2211730x-12340026.
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Abstract Oskar Schmerling (1863–1938) was a Tbilisi-based artist best known for his illustrations and caricatures in Armenian, Azeri, Georgian, and Russian-language satirical periodicals during the Russian Empire’s post-1905 “press boom.” His work provided a powerful visual component to hotly debated issues of the day, including language policy, ethnic conflict, educational reform, religious practices, Russian cultural and political hegemony, and more. In this article we analyze Schmerling’s use of two satirical personae—the titular devil from the Georgian journal eshmakis matrakhi (Devil’s Whip) and the mullah from the Azeri journal Molla Näsräddin—in light of the diverse cultural and religious communities that comprised his readership and intellectual milieu. Drawing from scholarship on trickster figures in oral, print, and performative genres around the world, we investigate the ways Schmerling used the personae of the devil and the mullah to simultaneously represent the world from more than one perspective, and to speak to communities with varying political agendas in the midst of a collapsing empire. We argue that Schmerling’s work reveals cross-cultural artistic and intellectual connections that contributed to significant political and cultural change in the South Caucasus, culminating in revolutionary activity and the rise of nationalist movements.
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Kitoshvili, Nino. "Exploring alternative preschool education methods in Georgia: Enhancing accessibility". Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University Series “Pedagogy and Psychology” 10, nr 2 (15.04.2024): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.52534/msu-pp2.2024.89.
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This study is relevant as it examines public-private partnerships in early childhood education in Georgia, seeking solutions to the significant educational challenges common to post-Soviet regions. It assesses the suitability of alternative educational models in a society that is still struggling with the infrastructural legacy of the Soviet past, providing valuable recommendations for policy reforms needed to expand access to and improve the quality of preschool education. The purpose of the study was to assess the readiness of Georgian society to implement alternative educational practices. Drawing upon the experiences of post-Soviet nations, alongside international insights and local perspectives, the study aims to provide comprehensive insights into the feasibility and effectiveness of alternative models in Georgia. Employing a mixed-methods approach encompassing qualitative interviews, surveys, and data analysis, the research examines the strengths, challenges, and implementation prospects of various alternative models within the unique socio-economic and cultural context of post-Soviet Georgia. Early childhood education in post-Soviet and similar countries confronts common challenges in access and quality, despite varied policies, with efforts such as legislation and public-private partnerships aimed at addressing financial and geographical barriers. Persistent disparities in preschool systems across the region, as illustrated by reform initiatives and staffing issues in Georgia, highlight the need for continuous reforms. These factors underscore the importance of sustained policy efforts to support comprehensive and effective early learning environments. The results underscore a compelling need for alternative education avenues in Georgia, particularly in regions facing infrastructural and geographical barriers similar to those experienced in other post-Soviet nations. While highlighting the potential benefits of public-private partnerships models, the study also identifies key challenges that need to be addressed to ensure their successful implementation within the post-Soviet context. The practical value of this study extends to policymakers, educators, and communities across post-Soviet countries with similar educational challenges. By advocating for legislative reforms to incorporate alternative approaches, this research contributes to ongoing efforts to strengthen preschool education and promote inclusivity in post-Soviet Georgia and beyond
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Holloway, Sally, i Lucy Worsley. "‘Every body took notice of the scene of the drawing room’: Performing Emotions at the Early Georgian Court, 1714-60". Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies 40, nr 3 (10.08.2017): 443–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1754-0208.12504.
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Helbig, Adriana, Nino Tsitsishvili i Erica Haskell. "Managing Musical Diversity Within Frameworks of Western Development AID: Views from Ukraine, Georgia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina". Yearbook for Traditional Music 40 (2008): 46–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0740155800012091.
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Researchers have increasingly begun to critically assess local engagements with globalizing notions of civil society that have been introduced via Western-based supranational political, economic, financial, and cultural programmes (Fischer 1997; Okongwu and Mencher 2000; Yúdice 2003). Following the notion of thinking globally and acting locally, such programmes are usually set up by transnational structures such as the World Bank, UNESCO, the European Union, or global foundations such as the Open Society Institute, and put into practice by local actors, among them non-governmental organizations. This article positions music within intra-national discourses that work hand-in-hand with the political and cultural economics of Western cultural initiatives and aim to promote an understanding of pluralism in countries throughout Eastern and South Eastern Europe. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork conducted by Nino Tsitsishvili, Erica Haskell, and myself in Georgia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Ukraine, respectively, this study juxtaposes the perspectives of policy makers and grant givers in Western Europe and the United States with the views of people in post-socialist conflict zones for whom such initiatives are intended. It analyses the political and cultural implications of UNESCO's declaration of Georgian polyphony as a masterpiece of intangible cultural heritage of humanity, the local effects of internationally sponsored music projects in post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the role of national minority music festivals sponsored by Western philanthropic organizations in nation-building processes in Ukraine.
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Shesterinina, Anastasia. "Ethics, empathy, and fear in research on violent conflict". Journal of Peace Research 56, nr 2 (28.08.2018): 190–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022343318783246.
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The discussion of ethics in the social sciences focuses on ‘doing no harm’ and ‘giving back’ to research participants, but does not explore the challenges of empathy and fear in research with participants in political violence and war. Drawing on 180 in-depth interviews on the Georgian–Abkhaz war of 1992–93 collected over eight months between 2010 and 2013 primarily in Abkhazia, but also Georgia and Russia, I argue that researchers can come to empathize with some but fear other participants in past and present violence. These emotional responses can influence researchers’ ability to probe and interpret interviews and respondents’ ability to surpass strong positions to explore dilemmas of participation in violence. By empathizing with not only ‘victims’ and ‘non-fighters’ as I had expected based on my pre-existing moral-conceptual categories, but also participants in the war, I found that individuals adopted multiple overlapping roles and shifted between these roles in the changing conditions of violence. In contrast, failing to empathize with and fearing those who continued to participate in violence after the war of 1992–93 limited my ability to fully appreciate the complexity of their participation, but shed light on the context of violence in contemporary Abkhazia. This analysis shows that reflection on the role of empathy and fear in shaping our interactions with research participants can help advance our understanding of participation in violence and this difficult research context.
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Cupać, Jelena, i Maja Ružić. "The logic of practicality: An inquiry into the nature of the EU's practice of international peace mediation". Journal of Regional Security 8, nr 2 (2013): 153–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.11643/issn.2217-995x132spc36.
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In the paper, the authors use the practice approach to untangle the nature of the EU's practice of international peace mediation (IPM). Drawing on the recent practice turn in international relations scholarship, Bourdieu's well-known concept of habitus is employed in order to elicit the background knowledge and values that constitute and transform this practice. In this regard, the EU's practice of international peace mediation is examined through the lens of general peace mediation norms, as well as through the rules, norms, identity and culture that are specific to the European Union. Three cases are used for this endeavor: (1) the EU support for the Aceh peace process in Indonesia (2004-2008); (2) the EU engagement in the Russian Georgian war (2008-2012); and (3) the mediating role which the EU has undertaken in the recent dialogue between Kosovo and Serbia (2011-2013).
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Dianat, Alborz. "Nationalizing the International Style". Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 81, nr 4 (1.12.2022): 495–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2022.81.4.495.
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Abstract In Nationalizing the International Style: The Formation of British Identity in the Architectural Criticism of P. Morton Shand, Alborz Dianat considers the critical role played by architectural journalist P. Morton Shand (1888–1960) in the debate that took place in the interwar period as British architecture grappled with the seemingly irreconcilable ideas of nationality and modernity. Drawing on an archive of correspondence only recently made public, Dianat shows how Shand assumed a position of leadership in efforts to nationalize architectural modernism in Britain. Shand’s journalistic output contributed to a broader movement calling for a return to Georgian precedents alongside international models, and British architects heeded that call. Shand promoted a new identity for British architecture internationally through his formal and informal networks, and Britain’s leading role in architectural discourse into and beyond World War II was bolstered by his work.
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LeJacq, Seth Stein. "Escaping court martial for sodomy: Prosecution and its alternatives in the Royal Navy, 1690-1840". International Journal of Maritime History 33, nr 1 (marzec 2021): 16–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871421991169.
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This article reassesses the sailing Royal Navy’s treatment of homoerotic crimes. Historians have argued that same-gender sexual contact was rare and loathed on naval vessels, and that trials were consequently uncommon but produced exceedingly harsh outcomes. Drawing on new archival research, this paper reveals that naval actors had more varied and complex attitudes towards the homoerotic and that courts treated these crimes more moderately on average than has long been assumed. Court martial trials also represented only one – extreme – outcome of an elaborate system that naval actors used to ‘resolve’ detected sex crimes. Summary punishment, flight, dismissal and a range of other routes served as common non-judicial alternatives. Detailed exploration of a protracted late-Georgian dismissal case, that of Lt. Arthur Walter Adair, shows that it is essential to attend to the full range of naval reactions to the homoerotic if we are to fully understand its place in naval history.
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SHESTERININA, ANASTASIA. "Collective Threat Framing and Mobilization in Civil War". American Political Science Review 110, nr 3 (sierpień 2016): 411–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055416000277.
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Research on civil war mobilization emphasizes armed group recruitment tactics and individual motivations to fight, but does not explore how individuals come to perceive the threat involved in civil war. Drawing on eight months of fieldwork with participants and nonparticipants in the Georgian-Abkhaz war of 1992–93, this article argues that social structures, within which individuals are embedded, provide access to information critical for mobilization decisions by collectively framing threat. Threat framing filters from national through local leadership, to be consolidated and acted on within quotidian networks. Depending on how the threat is perceived—whether toward the self or the collectivity at its different levels—individuals adopt self- to other-regarding roles, from fleeing to fighting on behalf of the collectivity, even if it is a weaker actor in the war. This analysis sheds light on how the social framing of threat shapes mobilization trajectories and how normative and instrumental motivations interact in civil war.
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Curro, Costanza. "Davabirzhaot! Conflicting claims on public space in Tbilisi between transparency and opaqueness". International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 35, nr 7/8 (7.07.2015): 497–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-12-2014-0122.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the form of young male socialisation referred to as birzha, in its relation to public space in Georgia. Birzha defines a group of young men who meet regularly in urban open spaces in Tbilisi’s neighbourhoods. Partly considered as the initial step of a criminal career, belonging to birzha is a mark of identification with one’s local group. The contested nature of public space is illustrated by the conflicting relation between birzha’s bottom-up use of public space and top-down projects of urban renovation sought by Saakashvili’s government. Design/methodology/approach – Drawing upon literary and media sources, and analysing fieldwork data collected in 2008-2009 and 2014, this study explores how the announced (re)construction of public space under Saakashvili resulted in institutional interventions from above which curtailed public space’s accessibility. Findings – The present analysis points out contradictions in Saakashvili’s government’s political narrative on public space. In the institutional focus on a future of order, transparency, and democracy, birzha is an insistent reminder of an informal and corrupted past. Banned from futuristic projections of the public space, in the present birzha is annihilated by state repression, enforced in opaque zones out of public sight. Originality/value – Focusing on a largely overlooked phenomenon in social science research, the paper highlights the ways in which conflicting approaches to public space affect the relation between political institutions and citizens. Delving into ambivalent public/private divides in post-socialist societies, the study of Georgian birzha offers an original angle for investigating the contestation of urban public space in relation to political legitimacy and transparency.
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Simms, Brendan. "‘An odd question enough’. Charles James Fox, the crown and British policy during the Hanoverian crisis of 1806". Historical Journal 38, nr 3 (wrzesień 1995): 567–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00019981.
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ABSTRACTThe essay aims to close a longstanding gap in the political historiography of later Georgian Britain by examining the ‘Hanoverian Crisis’ of 1806. Drawing on a broad range of British, Hanoverian and Prussian records, the essay demonstrates that the British–Prussian conflict of that year was caused not – as conventionally assumed – by the closure of the North Sea ports to British shipping, but by the Prussian occupation of George III's electoral land of Hanover. The essay then shows how the commitment of the British government to its restitution was largely motivated by the desire of Charles James Fox and the incoming Ministry of All the Talents to build bridges to the crown. This stance was in complete contradiction both to the broad thrust of the new ‘maritime’ foreign policy of the Talents and to Fox's previous policy in matters Hanoverian. Subsequently the implications of this for our understanding of Fox's political biography are assessed. Finally, the essay illuminates the existence of a coherent ‘Hanoverian Faction’ in London headed by Count Münster which together with a highly activist George III was often able to tip the balance in the formulation of British policy.
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Broutian, Grigor H. "Georgian and Aluanian Calendars as presented in Anania Shirakouni’s Tomar (Calendar)". Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, nr 5 (2021): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080016471-5.
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The analysis of the information of Anania Shirakuni (7th century) about the Georgian and Aluanian calendars shows that in 552 the Armenian Church solved its calendar issues by the official adoption of the ecclesiastical calendar, compiled by Athanas Taronatsi. 9 years later, in 561, the Council of calendar scholars in Alexandria, despite the absence of representatives from Armenia, Georgia (Iberia), Albania and a number of other countries, established separate calendars for them, which were drawn up in the image of the Egyptian calendar, with the same beginning of the year and months and the general system of leap years. But at the beginning of the 7th century the Georgian Church finally broke with the Armenian Church and, as a result of this, in 781 switched to a new (Chalcedonite) ecclesiastical calendar and the use of the calendar created for Georgians by the Council in Alexandria (and known as the Georgian Chronicon). The Aluanian church, which was in canonical unity with the Armenian Church, did not switch to independent ecclesiastical calendar, did not create its own chronology and probably never applied the calendar compiled for the Aluans in Alexandria. In 666–667 AD, Anania Shirakuni created his monumental work – K’nnikon. The calendar (Tomar) consisting of theoretical and applied parts was represent in this work. The names of the months in the Aluanian and Georgian calendars have parallels in the names of the months of the Armenian calendar, represent borrowings or have semantics in common with them, which, obviously, is explained by the long cultural contacts of the peoples of the South Caucasus.
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Volkhonsky, M. A., i V. M. Mukhanov. "On perspectives of Russian-Georgian dialogue on the issue of reburial of kings Vakhtang VI and Teimuraz II". Journal of International Analytics, nr 2 (28.06.2016): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2016-0-2-113-126.
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After removal of M. Saakashvili from the Georgian political scene, a progress in relations between Russia and Georgia can be observed. In this context, the wide attention has been drawn to the issue of reburial of the Georgian kings Vakhtang VI and Teimuraz II. The article discusses the negotiation process, lasted from 2002 to 2014, between the Georgian Church and the Russian Church concerning the transfer of the remains of the Georgian kings, as well as the motives, goals and arguments of the parties. An analysis of the negotiations has led to the conclusion that the issue of reburial has two key aspects – political and moral-ethical. The requirement of the Georgian Church to carry the remains of Vakhtang VI and Teimuraz II from Russia to Georgia is part of its overall policy aimed to strengthen its prestige and authority Kin Georgian society. For the Russian side, this action promises nothing more than image losses. As for ethical aspects, the references of the Georgian side to the kings’ will to be buried in their homeland are not supported by authentic documents. At the moment, it remains an open question requiring further research.
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Anderson, Kym. "Is Georgia the Next “New” Wine-Exporting Country?" Journal of Wine Economics 8, nr 1 (maj 2013): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jwe.2013.7.
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AbstractThe former Soviet republic of Georgia is reputedly the cradle of wine and has enjoyed at least 8,000 vintages. It has also been a major supplier of wine to Russia for at least 200 years, but to few other countries. In 2006, however, Russia imposed a ban on beverage imports from Georgia. Since then this relatively poor country, in which nearly half the population is rural and most farmers have a vineyard, has been seeking to develop new export markets for its wine. This paper assesses the potential for growth in Georgia's wine production and exports. It then outlines ways to addresses the challenges involved in trying to realize that potential, drawing on the experience of other countries that have rapidly expanded their wine exports in the past two decades. Implications for policy are drawn, particularly for ensuring that poverty is reduced as exports expand and the economy grows. (JEL Classifications: F14, F15, F54, Q17)
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Chochia, Archil, Shota Gvineria i Holger Mölder. "Building a Legislative Framework for Securing Georgia’s Strategic Assets". TalTech Journal of European Studies 14, nr 1 (1.06.2024): 271–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjes-2024-0013.
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Abstract The article discusses the importance of modernizing and securing critical infrastructure in Georgia, particularly within the context of its geopolitical position and evolving economic landscape, by building an appropriate legal framework. The article outlines the signifi cant impact of cyberspace on traditional sectors such as energy, transportation, and telecommunications, necessitating a re-evaluation of critical infrastructure in the digital age. Highlighting Georgia’s aspirations to align with European and Euro-Atlantic structures for enhanced national security and democratization, the study emphasizes the need for regulatory and legislative frameworks that would be compatible with EU standards. Drawing on a comparative analysis between Estonia and Georgia, the research identifies gaps and areas for improvement in Georgia’s critical infrastructure protection (CIP) system. Through the examination of Estonia’s successful transformation from a Soviet-era environment to a robust EU-compatible CIP system, the study offers recommendations tailored to Georgia’s context.
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Kirvalidze, Ana. "Dual Boundaries: The Mechanism of Boundary Construction Operating in Interethnic Settings in Georgia". Review of European Studies 13, nr 1 (17.12.2020): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/res.v13n1p14.
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This paper addresses the question of the boundary construction mechanism between different ethnic groups in Georgia. It demonstrates the duality of boundary construction strategies that operate distinctively in the public and private domains of life. By exploring this substantive issue, I utilize relatively new theoretical perspectives in the study of interethnic boundary construction by concentrating on its multilevel operational character. Drawing on rich data sources within a mixed method approach, I provide empirical evidence concerning how ethnic and national codes of identity are negotiated and combined in everyday interethnic settings. The analyses focus on three ethnic groups residing in the Republic of Georgia – Georgians, Armenians, and Azerbaijanis.
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Ugrekhelidze, Irina. "Georgian men’s dress of XVII century". Linguistics and Culture Review 5, S4 (13.11.2021): 1161–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v5ns4.1753.
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The article raises the issue of the importance of the work of Cristoforo de Castelli, an Italian missionary, Patrice of the Order of Theatine, in the study of Georgian historical costume. The sketches made by the author during his work in Georgia are analyzed, according to which it is possible to identify the types of clothes. According to the drawings, the clothes of different strata of the population are compared with the clothes of historical figures depicted in the monumental paintings of Georgian monuments of the same period and the clothes of the characters depicted in the illustrations of literary works. It emphasizes the identity of the costume depicted in Castelli's paintings and the miniatures of Georgian artist Mamuka Tavakarashvili and the similarity of some of the paintings. Finally, it is concluded that the visual material created over the years by Castelli as an eyewitness is still relevant today.
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Ugrekhelidze, Irina. "Comparative analysis of the paintings of the Italian missionary Cristoforo de Castelli and the sources of Georgian fine art". Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University Series Physics 2024, nr 55 (25.01.2024): 1677–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.54919/physics/55.2024.167ub7.
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Relevance. The article raises the issue of the importance of the work of Cristoforo de Castelli, an Italian missionary, Patrice of the Order of Theatine, in the study of Georgian historical costume.Purpose. The sketches made by the author during his work in Georgia are analyzed, according to which it is possible to identify the types of clothes.Methodology. According to the drawings, the clothes of different strata of the population are compared with the clothes of historical figures depicted in the monumental paintings of Georgian monuments of the same period and the clothes of the characters depicted in the illustrations of literary works.Results. It emphasizes the identity of the costume depicted in Castelli's paintings and the miniatures of Georgian artist Mamuka Tavakarashvili and the similarity of some of the paintings.Conclusions. Finally, it is concluded that the visual material created over the years by Castelli as an eyewitness is still relevant today.
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Gabelia, Irakli, i Ketevan Grdzelidze. "THE DICHOTOMY OF GEORGIA-EU RELATIONS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES". International Journal of Social Sciences 3, nr 2 (18.12.2023): 147–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.55367/jeso5609.
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Despite the tectonic political shifts occurring in recent times, the European Union (EU) remains one of the strongest actors in the international arena. Consequently, its position on various ongoing processes is important and worth consideration. The processes occurring simultaneously with the 2022 Russo-Ukrainian conflict resulted in political and economic fluctuations. Sanctions imposed by the EU on the aggressor country have had a local impact as well, which directly affected the EU currency itself. Consequently, a well-founded fear and threat arose that, like in 2008, recessionary events would occur again and would have a great impact on member and non-member states. Considering the above-mentioned, it is important to conduct an in-depth review of the political and security aspects of relations and the attitude of the European Union toward Georgia and the states of the region in general. The paper provides a bilateral analysis of Georgia's road towards accession to the European Union and possible prospects for further development. The latter is also the main purpose of the research. With the use of qualitative methodologies, namely case study and content analysis, the research reviews the overall situation in the region. For these purposes, various primary and secondary sources were analyzed in-depth. Based on the latter a conclusion was drawn, which is in full compliance with the purpose of the research. In order to develop an alternative vision and perspectives on the topic, the research relies on a theory created within the Georgian scientific field – Relativistic-Quantum Noology. This allows us to see the future perspectives of Georgia-EU relations in a new light. Within the framework of the research, the dynamics of the relations between Georgia and the EU are reviewed in depth, an important aspect of which is the relations of the EU itself and the coherent analysis of these relations, which implies the development of security guarantees with the countries of the region itself. To implement the above-mentioned in practice, it is necessary to review not only the specific country but also the overall situation in the region. Consequently, the second chapter and its’ subchapters of the paper are devoted to a review of these issues, namely a discussion of EU-Georgia relations and the EU’s standing on the security issues in the region. The third chapter outlines the possibilities of the fulfilment of EU requirements, whereas the fourth chapter is devoted to a discussion of perspectives on Georgia’s membership of the EU and possible scenarios in case of such membership.
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Burkadze, Zarina. "Georgia's Illiberal Forces: Political Polarization against Democracy". Journal of Illiberalism Studies 2, nr 1 (2022): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.53483/wcju3536.
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This article explores how illiberal forces are structuring in Georgia and what this evolution reveals about the weakness of Georgia’s democratic institutions and liberal values. The analysis starts with a discussion of how political polarization creates the context for illiberal groups to undermine democracy. Drawing on theoretical and empirical inquiry, I suggest the causal mechanism of how weak democratic institutions enable the emergence of illiberal groups through a personalized party system. Then, I address the lack of genuine democratic commitment on the part of Georgia’s main political actors. Further, I probe for the movements that are gradually changing the grassroots dynamics by promoting conservative values, and their ties to Russia. The concluding section discusses the politicization of gender issues and the polarization of political space as two concomitant trends that frustrate the search for democratic consensus in Georgia.
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Craig, Megan. "Drawing as Devotional Attention". Journal of Speculative Philosophy 36, nr 4 (1.11.2022): 399–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jspecphil.36.4.0399.
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ABSTRACT This article investigates drawing as a form of devotional attention. Engaging with the work of María Lugones and examples from Josef Albers, Corita Kent, Franz Opalka, Georgia O’Keeffe, and William Kentridge, each section revolves around drawing in relation to embodied practices of being together with others. In addition to a personal account of memories and rituals of drawings, this article examines the degree to which drawing hones a pragmatic sense for fallibility, fluidity, and open-ended research, while arguing for drawing as a form of commitment to community that challenges historical associations of creativity with individualistic or uninhibited freedom.
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Paresishvili, Otar, Laura Laura Kvaratskhelia, David Gamezardashvili i Valentina Mirzaeva. "MOBILIZATION OF GEORGIA'S NATURAL AND RECREATIONAL RESOURCES UNDER CONDITIONS OF COVID-19 DISSEMINATION: ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECT". Environmental Economics and Sustainable Development, nr 8(27) (2020): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37100/2616-7689/2020/8(27)/2.
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The article, through the example of Georgia, examines the problem of efficient using natural-recreational resources in the context of responding to the global challenge of 2020 – COVID-19 pandemic. In difficult conditions, methods are being developed to solve the problems associated with the disease. After acute phase of the disease, patients have to undergo a long-term rehabilitation in order to recover functioning impaired organs and systems of organism. Health-improving practices based on natural-recreational factors would hasten and improve recovery process. Georgia has high potential for the development of the mentioned sphere. For a long time, natural factors of Georgia have been used for therapy, preventive care and rehabilitation of people; there are many world-famous health-resorts in Georgia. The authors propose to use available medical-rehabilitation potential for those who had COVID-19. Positive effect on patients may be made by health-improving measures used in Georgian resorts such as active and passive climatotherapy, air and sun baths, spa treatment, mineral water drinking, bathes, inhalations, mudtherapy, etc. The article analyzes Georgian resorts based on the main medical factors as well as in regional context. Based on the nature of resort resources, regional features and other factors, the territory of Georgia has been divided into 12 resort and recreational areas, differing in their specialization and structure of medical institutions. A summary table contains brief physical-and-geographical characteristics and medical factors of the most popular Georgian resorts along with provided methods of treatment and therapeutic indications. It is emphasized that there is no need to completely reorient existing healthcare facilities, they will be function in the ordinary course, and to serve post-COVID-19 patients special programs will be drawn up. Taking into consideration a great number of COVID-19-patients throughout the world and numerous disease-induced complications, the article proposes to intensify using available natural-recreational potential for rehabilitation purpose and to establish international contacts and experience exchange in this sphere
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Díaz Cano, Coral Anaid. "Splitting Selves: Crip Time and the Temporalities of Disability in Georgia Webber’s Dumb: Living Without a Voice". Canada and Beyond: A Journal of Canadian Literary and Cultural Studies 11 (21.10.2022): 9–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14201/candb.v11i9-30.
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In the graphic narrative Dumb: Living Without a Voice (2018), Canadian cartoonist Georgia Webber explores her acquired physical disability after a severe vocal injury leaves her voiceless. As a talkative, social young woman working as a café server, Georgia’s life is interrupted when she is forced to adapt herself to a different way of navigating the world. Previous scholarly work has analyzed Dumb to articulate a connection between comics theory and disability rhetoric (Dolmage and Jacobs 2016) and explored its fruitful linkage between voice/voicelessness and identity (Venkatesan and Dastidar 2020). Building on the path opened by these scholars, the aim of this paper is to critically examine the representation of disability and its engagement with the concept of crip time in Dumb by drawing on the interdisciplinary fields of disability studies, crip theory, and comics theory. The first section of this paper will build on Alison Kafer’s formulation of the strange temporalities of disability (2013) to investigate the ways in which Webber constructs non-conventional layouts where she incorporates different formal elements to present Georgia’s lived experience of disability as a disruption of conventional temporalities. Special attention will be paid to the endless, frustrating routine of paperwork to apply for disability welfare that the protagonist faces when her condition renders her unable to work. In the second section, I will draw on the work of Ellen Samuels (2017) to examine how Webber negotiates her shifting identity by graphically splitting her embodied self on the page, composing a parallel timeline where she visualizes her pre-disabled and disabled selves. The power of the pictorial is also extended to Webber’s clever usage of color: while her cartoonish drawings appear in black and white, she employs red to draw Georgia’s inner voice and her pain. Finally, my last section will employ the conception of crip time developed by Petra Kuppers (2014) to explore Georgia’s reconnection with herself through her breathing exercises and her orientation towards artistic creativity. Overall, I will argue that Dumb does not present a narrative of recovery, as Georgia does not heal from her injury but engages instead with her disabled existence by turning inwards and depicting her voice (lessness).
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OKROMTCHEDLISHVILI, Ivan. "Navigating organizational excellence: a comparative study and roadmap for streamlining defense infrastructure organizational model of Georgia". BULLETIN OF "CAROL I" NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY 13, nr 2 (8.07.2024): 60–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.53477/2284-9378-24-20.
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In the face of evolving geopolitical dynamics and increasing security challenges, the efficacy of a nation’s defense infrastructure is pivotal. This article conducts a comprehensive exploration of defense infrastructure organizational models, centering on the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Australia, and Latvia. Through a meticulous comparative analysis, the study delves into organizational structures, international operations, responsibilities, and strategic focuses of these nations’ defense infrastructure entities. The goal is to glean insights applicable to Georgia’s unique context, identifying key differences and commonalities to formulate a strategic roadmap for enhancing its defense infrastructure capabilities. The article examines each country’s defense infrastructure model, highlighting distinctive features in organizational structure, international operations, responsibilities, and strategic focus. Drawing upon these insights, the study proposes tailored recommendations for Georgia, spanning organizational structure, international operations, responsibilities and focus, modernization and strategy, and integration of departmental efforts. Key entities within Georgia’s defense infrastructure organizational model, such as the Department of Defense Sustainability, the J-4 Logistics Planning Department, and the Command for Logistics Support of the Troops, are illuminated to underscore their pivotal roles in fortifying the country’s defense capabilities. Concluding with the identification of key areas for improvement in Georgia’s defense infrastructure organization, the article outlines recommendations encompassing organizational structure, international operations, responsibilities and focus, modernization and strategy, and integration of departmental efforts. By aligning Georgia’s defense infrastructure with international best practices, the nation can enhance security, contribute to regional stability, and actively participate in global security efforts. In essence, this article serves as a strategic guide for Georgia, offering a roadmap to fortify its defense infrastructure in a rapidly changing world. Through a synthesis of global insights and tailored recommendations, Georgia can position itself as a resilient and adaptable force, safeguarding national interests and contributing to a more secure global landscape.
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Batsikadze, Giorgi. "Public Opinion and Nature of Anti-Russian Movements in Georgia in the First Third of the 19th Century". Balkanistic Forum 33, nr 1 (10.01.2024): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v33i1.4.
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Historical processes taking place in 19th century Georgia, which are still not appropriately known to the world community, were of great importance for Transcaucasia. The paper presents the nature of the social-political and anti-Russian movements in Georgia in the first third of the 19th century. The article discusses the main historical and political processes that reflect the public opinion on the given issue and its content. A conclusion is drawn based on the presented facts. The XIX century had a difficult start for Georgia. In the previous century, the country, extremely weakened by the wars with Persia and the Ottoman Empire, was trying to find an ally. The rulers of Georgian politics considered the strengthened Russian empire in the Caucasus as a political ally and tried to reinforce diplomatic relations with it and establish alliance. Using this situation, Russia, on the other hand, tirelessly tried to capture Transcaucasia with the least possible losses and well-calculated, smart diplomatic moves. The annexation of Georgia was followed by a chain of contradictory movements, based on which the analysis of public opinion and the nature of the liberation movement is presented.
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Kasradze, Tea, Vakhtang Antia i Ekaterine Gulua. "Financial Management Challenges in Georgia’s Higher Education Institutions". Interdisciplinary Journal of Labor and Economics 13, nr 1 (15.03.2024): 50–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.62693/547yrr21.
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The effective management of financial resources in higher education institutions significantly impacts the overall system’s functionality. The role of education and scientific development in a country’s economic progress cannot be overstated. Georgia possesses the potential to achieve economic growth through its intellectual and educated human capital. However, despite recent reforms, the education system grapples with persistent shortcomings and challenges, hindering the creation of well-prepared and competitive graduates. Strengthening the education system is essential for Georgia to thrive in the global arena. While funding for education has increased over the years, mere financial inflow does not necessarily correlate with improved educational quality. To address this, a strategic and tactical approach to reform, along with efficient distribution of financial resources, is crucial. This paper investigates the impact of existing funding policies on Georgia’s higher education system. It delves into the structure and dynamics of funding for higher education institutions, examining the nature and significance of previously funded projects. Additionally, the study discusses and analyzes the role of education reforms in promoting overall development. Drawing on both qualitative and quantitative analyses, the recommendations put forth within this framework aim to empower stakeholders in overcoming the challenges faced by Georgia’s higher education landscape.
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Zhorzholiani, Tinatin. "The Impact of Unemployment on Economic Development: Georgia's Example". European Scientific Journal, ESJ 20, nr 37 (20.02.2024): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2024.v20n37p235.
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This study explores the intricate relationship between unemployment and economic development, with a specific focus on the case of Georgia. High unemployment rates often signal economic challenges within a nation, and their consequences can extend far beyond the labor market. By examining Georgia's experience, this research aims to shed light on the multifaceted impact of unemployment on various facets of economic growth.
Drawing from statistical data and regression analysis, this study investigates the causal links between unemployment levels and key economic indicators. It delves into how unemployment rates influence factors such as GDP growth, income inequality, social welfare programs, and overall societal well-being.
Furthermore, the study delves into the policy measures implemented in Georgia to combat unemployment and foster sustainable economic development. It scrutinizes the effectiveness of these policies, identifying successes and areas requiring improvement.
The insights gained from this analysis not only contribute to a deeper understanding of the dynamics between unemployment and economic development but also provide valuable lessons for policymakers and stakeholders in Georgia and other regions grappling with similar challenges. As nations worldwide seek to navigate the complex terrain of labor market dynamics and economic prosperity, the case of Georgia serves as an instructive example, highlighting the significance of addressing unemployment as a critical component of a nation's economic growth strategy.
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Harpaz, Guy. "The European Unions Conflict-Resolution Policy in Georgia: The Way Forward". European Foreign Affairs Review 23, Issue 2 (1.08.2018): 243–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2018023.
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The efforts invested by the EU to assist the resolution of the disputes over the breakaway republics of Abkhazia and South Ossetia are long-standing and multifaceted. Yet, a dissonance exists between the EU’s strong interest in the resolution of these conflicts, its firm commitment and its long-standing engagement to promoting such resolution, and its actual, ineffective contribution to achieving that goal. Drawing on scholarship that analyses the factors that erode the effectiveness of the EU’s contribution to conflict resolution in Georgia, this article seeks to identify and analyse various strategies and considerations that could render the EU’s conflict resolution efforts more effective. These strategies and considerations will be classified into those pertaining to Georgia’s political establishment, Georgia’s civil society, Abkhazia and South Ossetia, and Russia, and will be linked to two broader themes, namely EU enlargement and the EU’s commitment to strict observance of international law. The analysis conducted in this article including its conclusions relies upon literature on comparative conflict resolution.
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CHOMAKHIDZE, DEMUR, i KETEVAN TSKHAKAIA. "THE TRENDS OF DRAWING UP THE ELECTRICITY BALANCE OF GEORGIA". Globalization and Business 4, nr 7 (25.06.2019): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.35945/gb.2019.07.014.
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The paper dwells on the analysis of electricity balance of Georgia in the years of 2005-2017 in accordance with the parameters such as electricity generation-consumption and exports-imports. Significant attention was paid to the structural development of electricity generation and consumption. The paper also addresses the issues of exports imports with neighboring countries. Electricity exports and imports in Georgia is characterized by changing dynamics. Over the past 17 years, imports have grown by 39,3%. It has been highlighted that the electricity balance in the years of 2016-2017 differs substantially from the electricity balance of previous years that is due to the operation of wind power plant, which just in 2017 generated 87,8 million kWh, representing 1% of generated electricity. The paper highlights that the level of electric intensity of production in Georgia is still high, the reduction of which is considerable room for improvement in the electricity balance; there is need for development of renewable energy resources (hydro, solar, wind), placing greater reliance on advanced technologies in the field of electricity consumption and so on.
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CHOMAKHIDZE, DEMUR, i KETEVAN TSKHAKAIA. "THE TRENDS OF DRAWING UP THE ELECTRICITY BALANCE OF GEORGIA". Globalization and Business 4, nr 7 (25.06.2019): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.35945/gb.2019.07.014.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The paper dwells on the analysis of electricity balance of Georgia in the years of 2005-2017 in accordance with the parameters such as electricity generation-consumption and exports-imports. Significant attention was paid to the structural development of electricity generation and consumption. The paper also addresses the issues of exports imports with neighboring countries. Electricity exports and imports in Georgia is characterized by changing dynamics. Over the past 17 years, imports have grown by 39,3%. It has been highlighted that the electricity balance in the years of 2016-2017 differs substantially from the electricity balance of previous years that is due to the operation of wind power plant, which just in 2017 generated 87,8 million kWh, representing 1% of generated electricity. The paper highlights that the level of electric intensity of production in Georgia is still high, the reduction of which is considerable room for improvement in the electricity balance; there is need for development of renewable energy resources (hydro, solar, wind), placing greater reliance on advanced technologies in the field of electricity consumption and so on.
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Hilgert, Larry D., i William Fenn Adams. "Using the Bender-Gestalt Test to Predict Graphomotor Dimensions of the Draw-a-Person Test". Perceptual and Motor Skills 68, nr 1 (luty 1989): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1989.68.1.27.
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The investigators examined four correlated aspects of the Bender-Gestalt and the Draw-A-Person tests. Subjects were 41 boys and 14 girls classified as seriously emotionally disturbed or seriously behavior disordered by their school system in southwest Georgia. Each subject's Bender-Gestalt and human figure drawings were placed on a digitizing pad and encoded to provide information relative to the width, height, average point of location on the fourth quadrant abscissa and ordinate of each drawing. The widths of Bender Figures 2 and 8 correlated significantly with the widths of human drawings; the heights of Figures A, 5, and 7 were significantly correlated with the heights of the human drawings. Bender Figure 1 was significantly correlated with average points of location on the abscissa of human figure drawings (distance from the left margin of the page), but correlations between the average points of location from the top of the page were nonsignificant. Comparison of these results with data from other samples might refine diagnosis.
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Kadagidze, Lamara, i Maka Piranashvili. "From East to West: Evaluating the Effects of the Russian-Ukrainian Confl ict and Russian Migration on the Tourism Industry in Georgia and the Path toward European Integration". TalTech Journal of European Studies 14, nr 1 (1.06.2024): 116–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjes-2024-0006.
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Abstract Located at the intersection of Asia and Europe, Georgia’s tourism industry encounters unique challenges amidst regional geopolitical tensions, notably the ongoing Russian-Ukrainian confl ict and the subsequent Russian migration. This article employs both qualitative and quantitative research methods to explore the impacts of these political realities on Georgia’s tourism sector and advocates for a strategic reorientation towards European integration as a means of promoting sustainable development. Drawing insights from qualitative interviews with key stakeholders and quantitative surveys with international tourists, the study unfolds the complex relationship between politics and tourism. Despite the predominantly negative perception of the infl ux of refugees, concerns about rising prices, perceived changes in service quality, and the expanding presence of Russian-owned businesses, the resilience and appeal of Georgia’s tourism realm remain evident. Specifi cally, all respondents recommended Georgia as a tourist destination and reported feeling safe during their stay. The study also presents a comparative perspective, evaluating the potential effects of further European integration on Georgia’s tourism landscape, and underscores key mitigation strategies, including policy development, diversifi cation of tourism offerings, strategic communication, digital platform advancement and utilization, and in general, the adoption of European best practices in sustainable tourism. These findings emphasize the need for nuanced, proactive, and inclusive policymaking and industry regulation in line with Georgia’s European aspirations. This comprehensive exploration provides invaluable insights for stakeholders in the tourism sphere and contributes to the broader understanding of the intricate relationship between geopolitical realities and tourism.
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Voell, Stéphane, Natia Jalabadze, Lavrenti Janiashvili i Elke Kamm. "Identity and Traditional Law". Anthropological Journal of European Cultures 23, nr 2 (1.09.2014): 98–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ajec.2014.230208.
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Traditional law continues to be relevant for the Svans (Georgians), who usually live in the highlands of the Caucasus, but who have also migrated to various parts of Georgia. To grasp its practice we draw on approaches in which its use is discussed as a strategy for '(re)asserting collective identities' (Benda-Beckmann) in order to enforce specific goals. But our research also shows another dimension of traditional law: more than in actual conflict resolutions, traditional law is found in narratives, that is in memories of how conflicts were resolved earlier and should be solved today. These stories, however, of how and when traditional law should be applied rarely correspond to lived reality. Drawing on Brubaker and Cooper, we argue that beside a rather instrumental motivated use of traditional law in asserting collective identities, its contemporary practice can only be fully understood if we also acknowledge its non-instrumental practice.