Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Genetic markers

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Genetic markers”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 29 lipca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Genetic markers"

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Chesnokov, Yu V. "GENETIC MARKERS: COMPARATIVE CLASSIFICATION OF MOLECULAR MARKERS". Vegetable crops of Russia, nr 3 (25.07.2018): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2018-3-11-15.

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With the creation of the molecular markers allowing to carry out analysis of genotypes on the level initial genetic information – DNA, onset one of the most multifarious and one of the most large in number class of markers at the present day. It is concerned with that each separate nucleic acid sequence is unique on its structure. Set of molecular and genetic methods, named as DNA-fingerprinting, most wide used in modern investigations for solving different problems in different biological areas. In this connection, necessity in comparative classification of modern molecular and genetic markers is actual. Based on published literature material it shown data on different classifications of molecular markers. Determined definition of term “marker” in genetics and breeding. Gave the characters and distinctive features of genetic markers. It given the definition what is “good” genetic marker as well as kinds, categories, variations and types on heredity of molecular markers. Manifested by means of molecular markers polymorphisms can classified on polymorphism of sequence itself (including nucleotide substitution and insertion-deletion) and polymorphism the number of tandem repeat sequences in repeated regions. Moreover, molecular markers can classify on two variations: anonymous, for which nucleotide acid sequence unknown and for manifestation of the molecular marker its detection not necessary (for example, RAPD, AFLP, RFLP), and announce (or determined), for which nucleic acid sequence is known or can be detect during analysis (for example, SNP, CAPS, STS). However, in independence on using of molecular markers the choice of method of investigation will be depend on investigated plant species as well. The next influence of molecular and genetic methods on genetics and practical breeding of plants will be depend on results, which will be obtain, in particular, on revealing the possibility or not possibility of genotyping of individual on single genetic marker as wel as on economic price of obtain informative data.
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Bretting, Peter K., i Mark P. Widrlechner. "GENETIC MARKERS AND PLANT GENETIC RESOURCE MANAGEMENT". HortScience 28, nr 5 (maj 1993): 472a—472. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.5.472a.

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When suitably deployed, genetic markers facilitate all phases of plant genetic resource management, from acquisition through enhancement. This paper will review the kinds of plant genetic resources and genetic markers, analytical methods for marker data, and specific applications of genetic markers to plant genetic resource management, such as (i) assessing a collection's “gaps” and redundancy; sampling strategies; characterizing newly acquired germplasm; maintaining “trueness to type”; monitoring genetic shifts; monitoring germplasm viability and health; developing optimal utilization strategies from genetic marker data; exploiting associations among horticulturally meritorious traits and genetic markers. Finally, general conclusions and forecasts regarding future prospects for applying genetic markers to these tasks will be presented.
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Salava, J., Y. Wang, B. Krška, J. Polák, P. Komínek, R. W. Miller, W. M. Dowler, G. L. Reighard i A. G. Abbott. "Molecular genetic mapping in apricot". Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 38, No. 2 (30.07.2012): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6113-cjgpb.

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A genetic linkage map for apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) has been constructed using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers in 80 BC1 individuals derived from a cross LE-3246 × Vestar. From 26 different primer combinations, a total of 248 AFLP markers were scored, of which, 40 were assigned to 8 linkage groups covering 315.8 cM of the apricot nuclear genome. The average interval between these markers was 7.7 cM. One gene (PPVres1) involved in resistance to PPV (Plum pox virus) was mapped. Two AFLP markers (EAA/MCAG8 and EAG/MCAT14) were found to be closely associated with the PPVres1 locus (4.6 cM resp. 4.7 cM). These markers are being characterized and they will be studied for utilization in apricot breeding with marker-assisted selection (MAS).
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Skibinski, David. "Genetic markers". Nature 365, nr 6446 (październik 1993): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/365578a0.

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Neale, David B., i Claire G. Williams. "Restriction fragment length polymorphism mapping in conifers and applications to forest genetics and tree improvement". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21, nr 5 (1.05.1991): 545–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x91-076.

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It is now technically possible to construct high-density restriction fragment length polymorphism maps for almost any conifer. Hundreds of new genetic markers will become available for forest genetics research and tree-improvement applications. Having a large number of genetic markers will improve efficiency in studies in which isozymes or other markers have traditionally been applied (e.g., genetic variation in populations, paternity analysis, varietal identification, and seed-orchard efficiency). High-density restriction fragment length polymorphism maps may make it possible to (i) identify quantitative trait loci and (ii) practice marker-assisted selection in conifer breeding.
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Teneva, A., K. Dimitrov, Caro Petrovic, M. P. Petrovic, I. Dimitrova, N. Tyufekchiev i N. Petrov. "Molecular genetics and SSR markers as a new practice in farm animal genomic analysis for breeding and control of disease disorders". Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 29, nr 3 (2013): 405–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1303405t.

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Molecular genetics investigates the genetic makeup of individuals at the DNA level. That includes the identification and mapping of molecular genetic markers and genetic polymorphisms. Molecular genetic markers (DNA markers) are one of the most powerful means for the genomic analysis and allow the connection of hereditary traits with genomic variation. Molecular marker technology has developed rapidly over the last decade and two shapes of specific DNA based marker, Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs), also known as microsatellites, and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) prevail applications in modern genetic analysis. Genomic simple sequence repeats (SSRs, microsatellites) have been used for a variety of purposes, including gene tagging, physical mapping, genome mapping, estimation of genetic diversity, phylogenetic and conservation genetic purposes in farm animal breeding. SSR analyses are applied successfully in parentage verification and pedigree analysis, as disease markers and to locate the mutation in genetic disorders in livestock animals. The ultimate use of SSRs markers is for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL), marker assisted selection (MAS) in order to practice genomic selection and improve the farm animal health. Developments in ?omics? technologies, such as genomic selection, may help overcome several of the limitations of traditional breeding programmes and will be especially beneficial in breeding for lowly heritable disease traits that only manifest themselves following exposure to pathogens or environmental stressors in adulthood. The current paper provides a brief overview of the present - day application of microsatellites markers in animal breeding and make significant contribution to the overall farm animal health and resistance to disease.
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Schwartz, C. E. "22. Genetic Markers". Tumor Biology 8, nr 2-3 (1987): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000217518.

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Herrera, Victoria L. M., i Nelson Ruiz-Opazo. "Beyond genetic markers". Journal of Hypertension 12, nr 8 (sierpień 1994): 847???856. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004872-199408000-00001.

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Nam, Vu Tuan, Pham Le Bich Hang, Nguyen Nhat Linh, Luu Han Ly, Huynh Thi Thu Hue, Nguyen Hai Ha, Ha Hong Hanh i Le Thi Thu Hien. "Molecular markers for analysis of plant genetic diversity". Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology 18, nr 4 (24.05.2021): 589–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1811-4989/18/4/15326.

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Genetic diversity plays an important role in diversity conservation at multiple levels and supports to monitor and assess genetic variation. In plants, genetic diversity provides the ability to adapt and respond to environmental conditions that helps plants to survive through changing environments. Genetic diversity analyses based on molecular genetic markers are effective tools for conservation and reintroduction of rare and endangered species. In recent years, the development of various chemical and molecular techniques for studying genetic diversity has received great attention. While biochemical markers are primarily used in the diagnosis of pathogens, DNA markers have been developed and widely applied for identification of species and population based on the genotype of an organism that is more stable and not easily affected by the environmental factors. PCR-based molecular marker tools, such as restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are used for analysing the difference in the targeted DNA sequences. With the rapid and robust development of genomic sequencing technology it is now possible to obtain and analyse DNA sequences of the whole genome of studied organisms. However, each type of DNA markers has different principles, as well as the pros and cons of specificity. In this article, we review methods and point out DNA markers, which are considered as reliable and widely used tools for the detection of genetic variation. In addition, we present the application of DNA marker in analysing genetic diversity of wild, domestic and medicinal plants, as well as some perspectives on the future of DNA marker’s application in the analysis of genetic diversity.
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Beeman, Richard W., i Susan J. Brown. "RAPD-Based Genetic Linkage Maps of Tribolium castaneum". Genetics 153, nr 1 (1.09.1999): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/153.1.333.

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Abstract A genetic map of the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum) integrating molecular with morphological markers was constructed using a backcross population of 147 siblings. The map defines 10 linkage groups (LGs), presumably corresponding to the 10 chromosomes, and consists of 122 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, six molecular markers representing identified genes, and five morphological markers. The total map length is 570 cM, giving an average marker resolution of 4.3 cM. The average physical distance per genetic distance was estimated at 350 kb/cM. A cluster of loci showing distorted segregation was detected on LG9. The process of converting RAPD markers to sequence-tagged site markers was initiated: 18 RAPD markers were cloned and sequenced, and single-strand conformational polymorphisms were identified for 4 of the 18. The map positions of all 4 coincided with those of the parent RAPD markers.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Genetic markers"

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Bitalo, Daphne Nyachaki. "Implementation of molecular markers for triticale cultivar identification and marker-assisted selection". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71670.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
Triticale is an amphidiploid that consists of wheat (A and B) and rye (R) genomes. This cereal is fast becoming important on a commercial basis and warrants further assessment for the better management and breeding of the hybrid. The assessment of the genetic diversity among the wheat and rye genomes within triticale can be obtained by using molecular markers developed in both donor genomes. Simple sequence repeats markers (SSRs) and amplified fragment length markers (AFLPs) have been previously used to assess the genetic diversity among triticale lines. SSRs are highly polymorphic markers that are abundant and which have been shown to be highly transferable between species in previous studies while AFLP markers are known to generate plenty of data as they cover so many loci. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop a marker system suitable to assess the genetic diversity and relationships of advanced breeding material (and cultivars) of the Stellenbosch University’s Plant Breeding Laboratory (SU-PBL). Therefore, both AFLP and SSR markers were initially analysed using eight triticale cultivars (with known pedigrees) to facilitate cultivar identification. Fourty-two AFLP primer combinations and 86 SSR markers were used to assess the genetic diversity among the Elite triticale cultivars. The AFLP primer combinations generated under average polymorphism information content (PIC) values. Furthermore, these markers generated neighbour-joining (NJ) and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) dendograms that displayed relationships that did not correspond with the available pedigree information. Therefore, this marker system was found not to be suitable. A set of 86 SSRs previously identified in both wheat and rye, was used to test the genetic diversity among the eight cultivars. The markers developed in wheat achieved 84% transferability while those developed in rye achieved 79.3% transferability. A subset of SSR markers was able to distinguish the cultivars, and correctly identify them by generating NJ and UPGMA dendograms that exhibited relationships that corroborated the available pedigree data. This panel of markers was therefore chosen as the most suitable for the assessment of the advanced breeding material. The panel of seven SSR markers was optimised for semi-automated analysis and was used to screen and detect the genetic diversity among 306 triticale entries in the F6, Senior and Elite phases of the SU-PBL triticale breeding programme. An average PIC value of 0.65 was detected and moderate genetic variation was observed. NJ and UPGMA dendograms generated showed no clear groupings. However, the panel of markers managed to accurately identify all cultivars within the breeding program. The marker panel developed in this study is being used to routinely distinguish among the advanced breeding material within the SU-PBL triticale breeding programme and as a tool in molecular-assisted backcross.
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Rantapää, Dahlqvist Solbritt. "Genetic markers in rheumatoid arthritis". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Reumatologi, 1985. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-101305.

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Genetic as well as environmental factors are believed to be of importance in the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). There are a number of previous studies of genetic markers in RA, but so far no genetic linkage and only a few associations have been found. Of the associations only one (with the HLA antigen DR4) appears to be well documented. In most previous association studies the patients have not been divided according to sex and family history of RA. In this investigation the HLA antigens A, B and DR and five serum protein systems (Bf, C3, Pi, Hp and Tf) were studied in patients with erosive rheumatoid arthritis (RA), from northern Sweden. Special attention was paid to variations in the strength of associations accord­ing to sex and family history of polyarthritis. The following results were found:  The frequency of the HLA antigen B27 was significantly increased in the North-Swedish population (16.6%) and among patients with a family history of polyarthritis (42.6%). In agree­ment with previous investigations a significantly increased frequency of the DR4 antigen was found in the RA patients.  In the properdin factor B (Bf) system the S phenotype was found to be significantly in­creased in male patients and in patients with a family history of polyarthritis, more severe form of RA and high titres of rheumatoid factor.  No significant differences with respect to phenotype or gene frequencies were found in the C3 complement system. Thus, the association between RA and C3 found in previous investiga­tions was not confirmed.  A significant increase of rare alpha-1-antitrypsin (Pi) types (MS, MZ, MF and SZ) was found among RA patients. However, the increase concerned mainly Z heterozygotes and was more strongly pronounced among male patients.  In the haptoglobin system a significant increase of the Hp^ gene and the Hp2-2 type was found among patients with a family history of polyarthritis, more pronounced among males.  A significant increase of the transferrin gene and of the 2 type was found among male RA patients, more pronounced among patients with a family history of polyarthritis. In 6 out of 8 gene loci studied significant associations were found, which is in agreement with a multifactorial etiology of RA. The results were largely in agreement with the hypothesis that associations would be expected to be stronger in males and in patients with a family history of polyarthritis. A notable finding was the high frequency of first degree relatives (around 40%) with symmetric peripheral polyarthritis of which more than 70% had a diagnosis of RA verified by hospital records.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 1985, härtill 6 uppsatser.


digitalisering@umu
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Baldwin, Samantha, i n/a. "Models for genetic analysis of polyploid plant species". University of Otago. Department of Biochemistry, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090826.092431.

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A number of major crop species, such as allohexaploid wheat and autotetraploid potato are polyploid. Potato is the fourth most important crop in terms of production and has become an important food source in many countries. Therefore, the molecular analysis was directed towards investigating ways to develop markers to assist the potato breeding process; for example breeding for powdery scab disease resistance, and tolerance to cold induced sweetening. Polyploids have more possible genotypes per population, allele dosage effects and increased marker complexity compared to diploids. Potato is also outcrossing and therefore highly heterozygous. Various methods for detecting marker-trait associations including, linkage, quantitative trait locus (QTL) and association mapping were studied and protocols developed. A mapping population was produced and a number of traits were measured including powdery scab resistance. Powdery scab disease assays were carried out over six seasons and markers associated with disease resistance were identified. Markers associated with resistance to powdery scab were identified on chromosomes I, IV, V, VI, VIII and IX using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Linkage maps were produced for each parent of the population and QTL associated with resistance and susceptibility to disease were identified using interval mapping, which revealed QTL on chromosomes II, V, VII , VIII, IX and an unanchored linkage group. QTL were detected across years on regions of chromosomes VIII and IX. These QTL results had some overlap with the marker-trait associations that were identified using ANOVA analysis. Another marker identification technique was tested, known as association or linkage disequilibrium mapping. Alleles of candidate genes were tested for association with cold-induced sweetening using a germplasm collection. The alleles identified as important were of the apoplastic invertase and UGPase genes and a unique interaction between alleles of the apoplastic invertase and apoplastic invertase inhibitor was also detected. This thesis describes the first study into the genetics of powdery scab resistance and the markers identified as associated with resistance will be validated for use in a marker-assisted selection (MAS) programme. The tools and resources developed as part of this thesis are vital to the potato breeding programme that requires the identification of associated molecular markers.
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Valdman, Alexander. "Molecular genetic markers of prostate cancer development /". Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-618-9/.

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Manganaris, Athanasios Georgiou. "Isoenzymes as genetic markers in apple breeding". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389070.

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Usha, A. P. "Microsatellite markers in genetic improvement of livestock". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/11490.

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Genome mapping is in the forefront of interest among both plant and animal breeders, enabling the relationship between genes, genome structure and function to be investigated in addition to identifying the location of genes. The prerequisite of a linkage map of the genome is the availability of a large number of highly polymorphic and informative marker loci which are evenly distributed throughout the genome. Microsatellite loci provide the unique class of markers which overcome many of the difficulties associated with the other market types. The availability of a detailed genetic map of the bovine genome could enhance the genetic progress in cattle breeding programmes through the identification of loci affecting traits of economic importance. Other potential applications of genetic markers include their use in confirmation of parentage, individual identification, germplasm evaluation and identification of disease loci. In this thesis, microsatellite markers are investigated in three areas, a) parentage verification and individual identification b) study of phylogenetic relationship and c) mapping a lethal defect in Dexter cattle. a) Five highly polymorphic microsatellite markers CYP21, DRB3, FSHB, ETH131 and HEL6 were evaluated for parentage verification using 275 animals belonging to 15 breeds of cattle. Some breeds were found not be in Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE), the deviation being greatest in those breeds which had an excess of homozygotes. A new approach was developed for calculating the Probability of RAndom Sire Exclusion (PRASE) taking into account the deviation from HWE and linkage between markers, using observed genotype frequencies. Taken together, the linked markers, DRB3 and CYP1 gave a PRASE of 0.88 in all breeds with success ranging from 0.75-0.96. Including a third marker the PRASE was increased to 0.97, and with all five markers 0.99 or better was achieved for all the 15 breeds.
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Johns, Neil. "Phenotypes and genetic markers of cancer cachexia". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23392.

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Cancer cachexia is a chronic wasting syndrome characterised by loss of weight, composed principally of muscle and fat. Patients with advanced cachexia demonstrate loss of appetite, early satiety, severe weight loss, weakness, anaemia and fluid retention. Affected individuals are also likely to report/experience decreased quality of life, decreased levels of physical performance, increased levels of fatigue, increased risks of treatment failure (be it chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery), increased risks of treatment side effects, and an increased mortality rate. Cachexia is therefore an extremely important, yet often underappreciated cause of cancer patient morbidity and mortality which requires urgent attention. Weight loss is significantly associated with cancer morbidity and mortality. It has been observed that half of all cancer patients experience weight loss and one-third lose more than 5% of their original body weight. Skeletal muscle loss appears to be the most significant event in cachexia and is associated with a poor outcome. However it is not known why some patients with the same tumour lose weight and muscle mass whilst others do not. The main aim of this thesis was to determine if the genetic makeup of individual patients might contribute to their propensity to lose weight or skeletal muscle. Previous studies had suggested an association between weight loss and SNPs on genes concerned with innate immunity and particularly the cell adhesion molecule Pselectin, however the strength of any gene association study depends on the precision with which it is possible to characterise the phenotype in question. A second aim of this thesis was to explore refining the clinical phenotyping of patients to discriminate those with evidence of muscle fibre atrophy versus those without. Phenotype The conventional phenotype for cachexia is weight loss (WL) but it is unknown the extent to which loss of body mass reflects loss of muscle or fat mass. Recent progress in cross sectional imaging analysis means that it is now possible to gain a direct measure of muscle mass from routine diagnostic CT scanning. However, in the absence of a longitudinal series of scans it is not possible to estimate whether low muscularity (LM) is longstanding or not. By combining a measure of active weight loss with low muscularity it was hoped that such a composite measure would reflect actual muscle loss/fibre atrophy. Compared with non-cachectic cancer patients, patients with LM or LM+ > 2%WL, mean muscle fibre diameter was reduced by about 25% (p = 0.02 and p = 0.001 respectively). No significant difference in muscle fibre diameter was observed if patients had WL alone. Regardless of classification, there was no difference in fibre number or proportion of fibre type across all myosin heavy chain isoforms. Mean muscle protein content was reduced and the ratio of RNA/DNA decreased in patients with either > 5%WL or LM+ > 2%WL. These findings support the use of composite measures (WL and LM) to try and identify those patients with evidence of active muscle fibre atrophy. This novel clinical phenotyping provides an accurate method to enable the conduct of candidate gene studies in the investigation of the genetics of cancer cachexia where the primary focus is on muscle wasting rather than overall weight loss. Genotype In an ideal world it would be possible to explore the entire genome and look for associations with the different phenotypes of cachexia. However, to do so would require considerable resource in terms of the cost of genome wide analysis and the cost of phenotyping large enough cohorts of patients (3000-10000). To address these issues I therefore adopted a candidate gene approach. A total of 154 genes associated with cancer cachexia were identified and explored for associated polymorphisms. Of these 154 genes, 119 had a combined total of 281 polymorphisms with functional and/or clinical significance in terms of cachexia associated with them. Of these, 80 polymorphisms (in 51 genes) were replicated in more than one study with 24 polymorphisms found to influence two or more hallmarks of cachexia (i.e. inflammation, loss of fat mass and/or lean mass and reduced survival). Such election of candidate genes and polymorphisms is a key element of multigene study design. The systematic review provides a contemporary basis to select genes and/or polymorphisms for further association studies in cancer cachexia, and to develop their potential as susceptibility biomarkers of cachexia. Phenotype – genotype associations A total of 1276 patients were recruited, phenotyped and genotyped. There were 545 new patients and 731 patients from a previous study. In our new cohort and in keeping with the previous literature, patients who carried the C allele of the rs6136 SNP in the SELP gene, were at a reduced risk of developing cachexia defined by WL. This association applied to all degrees of weight loss ( > 5%, > 10% or > 15%), and not just at the > 10% level as described previously in the literature. When examining newly identified SNPs in a stage 1 analysis for the weight loss phenotype that included 1276 cancer patients, twelve new candidate SNPs were significant. Six of these SNPs are associated with muscle metabolism in five genes (IGF1, CPN1, FOXO1, FOXO3, and ACVR2B), three are associated with adipose tissue metabolism in two genes (LEPR and TOMM40 (APOE on the reverse strand)), two with corticosteroid signalling in one gene (IFT172 (GCKR on the reverse strand)) and one with the immune response in one gene (TLR4). Two polymorphisms (rs1935949 and rs4946935) in the gene encoding for FOXO3 were consistently associated with WL of increasing severity ( > 5% and > 10%). On the basis that WL is a continuum in the cachectic process, the observation that both SELP and FOXO3 associate with the higher degrees of WL suggests that these genetic signatures may be of particular significance. The role of P-selectin in the genesis of cachexia remains to be determined. When examining all SNPs in a stage 1 analysis for the LM phenotype, 5 SNPs were associated significantly with the cachexia phenotype: (i) rs4291 in the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene in chromosome 17; this gene has been associated with muscle function and metabolism; (ii) rs10636 in chromosome 16 in the metallothionein 2a gene; this gene has been shown to be involved in zinc dyshomeostasis which may contribute to cancer cachexia; (iii) rs1190584 in chromosome 14 in the WDR20 gene; this gene encodes a WD repeat-containing protein that functions to preserve and regulate the activity of the USP12-UAF1 deubiquitinating enzyme complex; (iv) rs3856806 in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) gene in chromosome 3 which has been demonstrated to be involved in fatty acid and glucose metabolism; and (v) rs3745012 in chromosome 18 in the lipin 2 (LPIN2) gene; this gene represents a candidate gene for human lipodystrophy, characterised by loss of body fat, fatty liver, hypertriglyceridemia, and insulin resistance. When examining all SNPs in a stage 1 analysis for the LM + > 2%WL phenotype 4 SNPs were associated significantly with the cachexia phenotype. rs12409877 in the leptin receptor (LEPR) located on chromosome 3, LEPR binds leptin and is involved in adipose tissue regulation. rs2268757 located in the activin receptor type-2B (ACVR2B) gene on chromosome 3, ACVR2B is a high affinity activin type 2 receptor which mediates signalling by a subset of TGF-β family ligands including myostatin, activin, GDF11 and others. SNPs in the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) (rs1799964) and ACE (rs4291) genes were also significantly associated with the phenotype. Whether genes demonstrating significant associations with the cachexia phenotypes had altered transcript expression in muscle from cancer patients with or without those phenotypes was also investigated.
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Gunn, Melissa Rose School of Biological Earth &amp Environmental Science UNSW. "The use of microsatellites as a surrogate for quantitative trait variation in conservation". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science, 2003. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/22457.

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Conservation biologists are interested in maintaining genetic variation in small populations, with a view to maintaining fitness and the ability of the species to adapt to changing environmental conditions. The most important type of genetic variation is therefore that which affects fitness and reproduction, and is therefore subject to natural selection. Such fitness traits are often quantitative, i.e. are the result of a suite of loci, and are continuously variable. Microsatellite markers are a popular method of determining the level of variation present in a species??? genome. The assumption is made that microsatellites, which are neutral markers, behave in the same manner as quantitative traits. If this assumption were proved incorrect, then the use of neutral markers in conservation monitoring would have to be re-evaluated. In this study, experiments have been conducted using Drosophila melanogaster to test the assumption that variation in quantitative traits under stabilising selection declines at the same rate as heterozygosity in microsatellite markers, during a population bottleneck. Experimental population bottlenecks were of two effective population sizes (Ne), Ne=2 for one generation and Ne=60 for 35 generations. Based on the effective population size, we expected both types of bottlenecks to lose 25% of neutral genetic variation. Ten replicates of each bottleneck were maintained, along with four large control populations with Ne=320. In each population, heterozygosity (He) for eight microsatellite loci was compared with the heritability and additive genetic variance of two quantitative traits subject to balancing selection: fecundity and sternopleural bristle number. Microsatellite heterozygosity decreased in accordance with neutral predictions, whereas additive genetic variation in quantitative traits altered more than expected in both large and in bottlenecked populations relative to the initial sampling values, indicating that variation in quantitative traits was not being lost at the same rate as predicted by neutral theory. For most traits, the changes in additive genetic variance were congruent in all populations, large or bottlenecked. This congruence suggests that a common process was affecting all populations, such as adaptation. A mite infestation in early generations is a possible source of selective pressure. When bottlenecked populations were compared to the contemporaneous large populations (Ne = 320), the additive genetic variance of most traits was seen to have been lost in accordance with predictions from the loss of microsatellite heterozygosity. Loss of variation in microsatellites can thus be used to predict the loss of variation in quantitative traits due to bottlenecks, but not to predict the potentially much larger changes due to other processes such as adaptation. The effects of concurrent environmental stress and reduced population size were also evaluated. Endangered populations are often subject to environmental stress in addition to reduced population size, but the effect of stress on the additive genetic variance of fitness traits in organisms undergoing population bottlenecks is unknown. If the presence of stress alters the level of additive genetic variance in fitness traits, the viability of such populations could be substantially affected. The loss of microsatellite heterozygosity was not affected by the presence of a stress agent during a bottleneck. I found some significant effects of stress on the additive genetic variance of sternopleural bristles and fecundity; there was also a significant interaction between stress and the response to directional selection in sternopleural bristles. There was also an increase in the coefficient of variation of VA for sternopleural bristles. Stress may therefore affect the manner in which populations respond to selective pressures.
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Appleyard, Sharon Anne. "The application of genetic markers to Fijian Tilapia stock improvement". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1998.

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Badenhorst, Daleen. "Development of AFLP markers for Haliotis midae for linkage mapping". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21525.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2008.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Haliotis midae, is the only commercially important species of the six abalone species found in South African coastal waters and has become a lucrative commercial commodity. Wild stocks of H. midae are, however, no longer commercially sustainable due to a combination of environmental factors and poaching. The solution to the crisis is artificial production systems in the form of abalone farms. An abalone enhancement programme was initiated in South Africa in 2006, funded by industry and government. This programme focuses on the elucidation of the abalone genome and genetic factors contributing to increased productivity, thereby aiding the commercial production of abalone. The aims of this study, the first of its kind concerning H. midae, were to develop AFLPbased markers (specifically fluorescent AFLP analysis); to monitor the segregation of these markers in a single full-sib family and to use the markers and additional microsatellite markers to generate the first preliminary linkage map for H. midae. Genomic DNA of sufficient quality and purity for fluorescent AFLP analysis was obtained from 3.5-month-old H. midae juveniles. Preliminary linkage maps were constructed using AFLP and microsatellite markers segregating in an F1 family following a pseudo-testcross mapping strategy. Twelve AFLP primer combinations, producing 573 segregating peaks, and 10 microsatellite markers were genotyped in the parents and 108 progeny of the mapping family. Of the 573 segregating AFLP peaks genotyped, 241 segregated in a 1:1 ratio and 332 in a 3:1 ratio. Of these AFLP markers, 90 segregated according to the expected 1:1 Mendelian ratio and 164 segregated according to the expected 3:1 Mendelian ratio at the P = 0.05 level and were used for linkage analysis. Of the 10 microsatellite markers genotyped, nine were informative for linkage mapping analysis. Preliminary male and female genetic linkage maps were developed using markers segregating in the female or male parent. A total of 12 and 10 linkage groups were detected for the female and male maps respectively. The female map covered 1473.5cM and consisted of 56 markers, and the male map covered 738.9cM consisting of 30 markers. Markers with segregation distortion were observed as previously reported in other abalone species and potential homology between one of the linkage groups of the male map and two of the linkage groups of the female map were identified using the 3:1 segregating AFLP markers. In conclusion, the genetic linkage map presented here, despite the fact that it has relatively low genome coverage and low marker density, forms an ideal starting point for more detailed study of the H. midae genome and will provide a scaffold for basic and applied studies in abalone. A high-density linkage map of H. midae should in future be developed with additional co-dominant molecular markers, such as microsatellites, to improve the transferability of the linkage map between different laboratories and among populations. A high-density linkage map will facilitate the mapping of QTL of commercially important traits (i.e. growth) and future MAS breeding programmes.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Perlemoenspesie, Haliotis midae, is die enigste spesie van kommersiële belang van die ses wat in die kuswater van Suid-Afrika aangetref word en het ‘n winsgewende handelskommoditeit in Suid-Afrika geword. Die ontginning van natuurlike H. midae populasies is egter, as gevolg van ‘n kombinasie van omgewingsfaktore en stropery nie meer kommersieel volhoubaar nie. Die perlemoenkrisis kan die hoof gebied word deur kunsmatige produksiesisteme op perlemoenplase tot stand te bring. ‘n Perlemoen verbeteringsprogram is in 2006 in Suid-Afrika geïnisieer en word deur die industrie en regering befonds. Die program focus op die ontrafeling van die perlemoen genoom en die genetiese faktore wat bydrae tot verhoogde produksie. Sodanige inligting kan gebruik word om kommersiële perlemoenproduksie te bevorder. Die doel van hierdie studie, die eerste met H. midae, is om AFLP-gebaseerde merkers (spesifiek fluoresserende AFLP analise) te ontwikkel; die segregasie van hierdie merkers te monitor in ‘n enkel volledige verwante familie en die merkers en addisionele mikrosatelliet merkers te gebruik om die eerste voorlopige koppelingskaart vir H. midae te genereer. Genomiese DNS van genoegsame kwaliteit en suiwerheid vir fluoresserende AFLP analise is ge-ekstraeer uit 3.5-maand-oue H. midae individue. Voorlopige koppelingskaart is gekonstrueer deur van segregerende AFLP en mikrosatelliet merkers in ‘n F1 familie gebruik te maak deur ‘n pseudo-kruistoets karteringstrategie te volg. Twaalf AFLP inleier kombinasies, wat 573 segregerende fragmente geproduseer het, en 10 mikrosatelliet merkers is gegenotipeer in die ouers en 108 individue van die nageslag van die karteringsfamilie. Van die 573 segregerende AFLP merkers wat gegenotipeer is, het 241 in ‘n 1:1 verhouding en 332 in ‘n 3:1 verhouding gesegregeer. Van hierdie AFLP merkers, het 90 volgens die verwagte 1:1 Mendeliese verhouding en 164 volgens die 3:1 Mendeliese verhouding by die P = 0.05 gesegregeer vlak en is vir die koppelingsanalise gebruik. Van die 10 mikrosatelliet merkers gegenotipeer, was 9 informatief vir koppeling karteringsanalise. Voorlopige manlike en vroulike genetiese koppelingskaarte is ontwikkel met gebruik te maak van merkers wat in die manlike of vroulike ouer segregeer het. ‘n Totaal van 12 en 10 koppelingsgroepe is onderskeidelik in die vroulike en manlike karate gegenereer. Die vroulike kaart dek 1473.5cM and bestaan uit 56 merkers, terwyl die manlike kaart 738.9cM beslaan het met 30 merkers. Merkers wat segregasie distorsie toon is waargeneem soos voorheen in ander perlemoenspesies gerapporteer. Potensiële ooreenstemming tussen een van die koppelingsgroepe van die manlike kaart en twee van die koppelingsgroepe van die vroulike kaart is aangetoon deur van die 3:1 segregerende AFLP merkers gebruik te maak. Die genetiese koppelingskaarte verskaf wel ‘n relatiewe lae genoomdekking en ‘n lae merkerdigtheid, maar is ‘n ideale vertrekpunt vir meer gedetailleerde studie van die H. midae genoom en dien as ‘n raamwerk vir toekomstige basiese en toegepaste studies in perlemoennavorsing. ‘n Hoëdigtheid koppelingskaart van H. midae moet in die toekoms ontwikkel word met gebruik van bykomstige ko-dominante molekulêre merkers, soos mikrosatelliete. Dit sal die oordraagbaarheid van die koppelingskaart tussen verskillende laboratoria asook tussen populasies verbeter. ‘n Hoëdigtheid koppelingskaart sal die kartering van kwantitatiewe kenmerk loki (KKL) vir kommersieel belangrike kenmerke (onder andere groeikrag) en toekomstige merker bemiddelde seleksie (MBS) teelprogramme moontlik maak.
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Książki na temat "Genetic markers"

1

Hoda, Anton-Guirgis, i Lynch Henry T, red. Biomarkers, genetics, and cancer. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1985.

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Breton, Sophie. Validation des marqueurs microsatellites pour l'élaboration d'un protocole de marquage génétique chez la population d'ours noir (Ursus americanus) de la Réserve faunique des Laurentides. Québec: Société de la faune et des parcs du Québec, Direction du développement de la faune, 2003.

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Haseltine, Florence P., Michael E. McClure i Ellen H. Goldberg, red. Genetic Markers of Sex Differentiation. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1965-6.

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Workshop on Genetic Markers on Sex Differentiation (1986 Center for Population Research). Genetic markers of sex differentiation. New York: Plenum, 1987.

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1962-, Hajeer Ali, Worthington Jane 1961- i John Sally 1964-, red. SNP and microsatellite genotyping: Markers for genetic analysis. Natick, MA: Eaton Pub., 2000.

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Endre, Czeizel, Benkmann Heide-G. 1942- i Goedde H. W, red. Genetics of the Hungarian population: Ethnic aspects, genetic markers, ecogenetics, and disease spectrum. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1991.

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NATO Advanced Research Workshop on DNA Polymorphisms as Disease Markers (1990 London, England). DNA polymorphisms as disease markers. New York: Plenum Press, 1991.

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Batsheva, Bonné-Tamir, i Adam Avinoam, red. Genetic diversity among Jews: Diseases and markers at the DNA level. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.

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Hering, Olaf. Charakterisierung und Differenzierung bei Fusarium Link mittels RAPD und ITS-RFLP. Berlin: Parey, 1997.

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Martínez, Paulino. Estimating parentage relationships using molecular markers in aquaculture. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2008.

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Części książek na temat "Genetic markers"

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Livneh, O., i E. Vardi. "Molecular Genetic Markers". W Hybrid Cultivar Development, 201–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07822-8_8.

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Rehman, Abdul, Hafiza Iqra Almas, Abdul Qayyum, Hongge Li, Zhen Peng, Guangyong Qin, Yinhua Jia, Zhaoe Pan, Shoupu He i Xiongming Du. "Molecular Markers and Their Applications". W Genetic Engineering, 251–83. New York: Apple Academic Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003378266-12.

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Pathak, Rakesh. "Genetic Markers and Biotechnology". W Clusterbean: Physiology, Genetics and Cultivation, 125–43. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-907-3_7.

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Rife, David C. "Dermatoglyphics as Genetic Markers". W Trends in Dermatoglyphic Research, 10–15. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2137-5_2.

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Patterson, E. B. "Translocations as Genetic Markers". W The Maize Handbook, 361–63. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2694-9_53.

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Malhotra, Era Vaidya, i Madhvi Soni. "Markers and Genetic Mapping". W Strawberries, 141–59. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b21441-194.

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Nedic Erjavec, Gordana, Dubravka Svob Strac, Lucija Tudor, Marcela Konjevod, Marina Sagud i Nela Pivac. "Genetic Markers in Psychiatry". W Frontiers in Psychiatry, 53–93. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9721-0_4.

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Pathak, Rakesh. "Genetic Markers and Biotechnology". W Genetics, Physiology and Cultivation of Moth Bean, Cowpea and Horse Gram, 383–96. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9956-7_21.

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Pathak, Rakesh. "Genetic Markers and Biotechnology". W Genetics, Physiology and Cultivation of Moth Bean, Cowpea and Horse Gram, 273–86. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9956-7_14.

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Pathak, Rakesh. "Genetic Markers and Biotechnology". W Genetics, Physiology and Cultivation of Moth Bean, Cowpea and Horse Gram, 139–62. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9956-7_7.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Genetic markers"

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Duca, Maria, Ana Mutu, Ina Bivol i Steliana Clapco. "Eficiența unor marcheri moleculari în discriminarea populațiilor de lupoaie originare din China". W VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.35.

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In this study, the effectiveness of different types of molecular markers in assessing genetic diversity of populations of O. cumana from China was determined. ISSR and SSR markers detected different levels of genetic variability among and within broomrape populations. SSR markers analysis showed high level of genetic variation within the populations as revealed by high average values of Nei's gene diversity (H=0,75) and Shannon's information index (I=1,44), while genotyping with ISSR markers showed greater ability to discriminate genotypes according to Resolving power (Rp=7,24). Thus, the combined use of ISSR and SSR markers allowed the detection of higher polymorphism than either set of marker alone.
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Wang, Qiu-jin, Fu-kuan Zhao, Qing-Peng Sun i Ai-zhen Yang. "Genetic Diversity of Eggplant Revealed by SSR Markers". W 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2010.5516520.

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Chňapek, Milan, Lucia Mikolášova, Martin Vivodík, Zdenka Gálová, Zuzana Hromadová, Katarína Ražná i Želmíra Balážová. "Genetic Diversity of Oat Genotypes Using SCoT Markers". W IECPS 2021. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecps2021-11926.

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Кузьмина, Л. П., А. Г. Хотулева, М. М. Коляскина, Л. М. Безрукавникова i Н. А. Анварул. "Molecular genetic markers for assessing individual sensitivity to lead". W III International Scientific Forum "Health And Safety At The Workplace". Polikraft, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-985-7153-76-3-2019-1-3-175-179.

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Blinova, Evgeniya, Vladislav Nikiforov, Mariya Yanishevskau i Alexandr Akleyev. "Genetic markers associated with the development of stochastic effects". W RAD Conference. RAD Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21175/rad.abstr.book.2021.32.20.

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Graves, Mark. "Application of knowledge base design techniques to genetic markers". W the fourth international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/221270.221624.

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Lim, Jaehyun, Quang Duy Tran i Fabio Di Troia. "Enhancing Malware Detection Using “Genetic Markers” and Machine Learning". W 2023 IEEE Intl Conf on Dependable, Autonomic and Secure Computing, Intl Conf on Pervasive Intelligence and Computing, Intl Conf on Cloud and Big Data Computing, Intl Conf on Cyber Science and Technology Congress (DASC/PiCom/CBDCom/CyberSciTech). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dasc/picom/cbdcom/cy59711.2023.10361372.

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"ISSR and SSR markers in assessing genetic diversity of Orobanche cumana". W Plant Genetics, Genomics, Bioinformatics, and Biotechnology. Novosibirsk ICG SB RAS 2021, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/plantgen2021-042.

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Gastaldi, Laura, Alessandro Battezzato, Claudio Bernucci, Marco Mannino i Stefano Pastorelli. "Optimal Fiducial Configuration in Image-Guided Neurosurgery Using a Genetic Algorithm". W ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-24603.

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Image Guided Neurosurgery allows surgeons to navigate and localize lesion through the patient’s cranium with a 3D image guidance. The model of the head is reconstructed using pre-operative Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance (MR) images and real and virtual spaces are aligned by means of fiducial markers placed on the patient. In the paper a new method for the optimal placement of the fiducial markers in order to reduce misalignment is presented. Using routine diagnostic images a customized 3D model of the patient’s cranium is reconstructed. A genetic algorithm calculates optimal positions of the marker in order to minimize the Target Registration Error (TRE). The fiducial set is shown to the surgeons on the 3D model to help him/her in placement of them.
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Schlottfeldt, Shana, Maria Emilia M. T. Walter, Jon Timmis, Andre C. P. L. F. Carvalho, Mariana P. C. Telles i Jose Alexandre F. Diniz-Filho. "Using Multi-Objective Artificial Immune Systems to Find Core Collections Based on Molecular Markers". W GECCO '15: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2739480.2754653.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Genetic markers"

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CREIGHTON UNIV OMAHA NE. Genetic Counseling Using BRCA1-Linked Markers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, wrzesień 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada337004.

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Reisch, Bruce, Pinhas Spiegel-Roy, Norman Weeden, Gozal Ben-Hayyim i Jacques Beckmann. Genetic Analysis in vitis Using Molecular Markers. United States Department of Agriculture, kwiecień 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613014.bard.

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Genetic analysis and mapping in grapes has been difficult because of the long generation period and paucity of genetic markers. In the present work, chromosome linkage maps were developed with RAPD, RFLP and isozyme loci in interspecific hybrid cultivars, and RAPD markers were produced in a V. vinifera population. In three cultivars, there were 19 linkage groups as expected for a species with 38 somatic chromosomes. These maps were used to locate chromosome regions with linkages to important genes, including those influencing powdery mildew and botrytis bunch rot resistance; flower sex; and berry shape. In V. vinifera, the occurrence of specific markers was correlated with seedlessness, muscat flavor and fruit color. Polymorphic RAPD bands included single copy as well as repetitive DNA. Mapping procedures were improved by optimizing PCR parameters with grape DNA; by the development of an efficient DNA extraction protocol; and with the use of long (17- to 24-mer) primers which amplify more polymorphic loci per primer. DNA fingerprint analysis with RAPD markers indicated that vinifera cultivars could be separated readily with RAPD profiles. Pinot gris, thought to be a sort of Pinot noir, differed by 12 bands from Pinot noir. This suggests that while Pinot gris may be related to Pinot noir, it is not likely to be a clone. The techniques developed in this project are now being further refined to use marker-assisted selection in breeding programs for the early selection of elite seedlings. Furthermore, the stage has been set for future attempts to clone genes from grapes based upon map locations.
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Zhang, Hongbin B., David J. Bonfil i Shahal Abbo. Genomics Tools for Legume Agronomic Gene Mapping and Cloning, and Genome Analysis: Chickpea as a Model. United States Department of Agriculture, marzec 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586464.bard.

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The goals of this project were to develop essential genomic tools for modern chickpea genetics and genomics research, map the genes and quantitative traits of importance to chickpea production and generate DNA markers that are well-suited for enhanced chickpea germplasm analysis and breeding. To achieve these research goals, we proposed the following research objectives in this period of the project: 1) Develop an ordered BAC library with an average insert size of 150 - 200 kb (USA); 2) Develop 300 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers with an aid of the BAC library (USA); 3) Develop SSR marker tags for Ascochyta response, flowering date and grain weight (USA); 4) Develop a molecular genetic map consisting of at least 200 SSR markers (Israel and USA); 5) Map genes and QTLs most important to chickpea production in the U.S. and Israel: Ascochyta response, flowering and seed set date, grain weight, and grain yield under extreme dryland conditions (Israel); and 6) Determine the genetic correlation between the above four traits (Israel). Chickpea is the third most important pulse crop in the world and ranks the first in the Middle East. Chickpea seeds are a good source of plant protein (12.4-31.5%) and carbohydrates (52.4-70.9%). Although it has been demonstrated in other major crops that the modern genetics and genomics research is essential to enhance our capacity for crop genetic improvement and breeding, little work was pursued in these research areas for chickpea. It was absent in resources, tools and infrastructure that are essential for chickpea genomics and modern genetics research. For instance, there were no large-insert BAC and BIBAC libraries, no sufficient and user- friendly DNA markers, and no intraspecific genetic map. Grain sizes, flowering time and Ascochyta response are three main constraints to chickpea production in drylands. Combination of large seeds, early flowering time and Ascochyta blight resistance is desirable and of significance for further genetic improvement of chickpea. However, it was unknown how many genes and/or loci contribute to each of the traits and what correlations occur among them, making breeders difficult to combine these desirable traits. In this period of the project, we developed the resources, tools and infrastructure that are essential for chickpea genomics and modern genetics research. In particular, we constructed the proposed large-insert BAC library and an additional plant-transformation-competent BIBAC library from an Israeli advanced chickpea cultivar, Hadas. The BAC library contains 30,720 clones and has an average insert size of 151 kb, equivalent to 6.3 x chickpea haploid genomes. The BIBAC library contains 18,432 clones and has an average insert size of 135 kb, equivalent to 3.4 x chickpea haploid genomes. The combined libraries contain 49,152 clones, equivalent to 10.7 x chickpea haploid genomes. We identified all SSR loci-containing clones from the chickpea BAC library, generated sequences for 536 SSR loci from a part of the SSR-containing BACs and developed 310 new SSR markers. From the new SSR markers and selected existing SSR markers, we developed a SSR marker-based molecular genetic map of the chickpea genome. The BAC and BIBAC libraries, SSR markers and the molecular genetic map have provided essential resources and tools for modern genetic and genomic analyses of the chickpea genome. Using the SSR markers and genetic map, we mapped the genes and loci for flowering time and Ascochyta responses; one major QTL and a few minor QTLs have been identified for Ascochyta response and one major QTL has been identified for flowering time. The genetic correlations between flowering time, grain weight and Ascochyta response have been established. These results have provided essential tools and knowledge for effective manipulation and enhanced breeding of the traits in chickpea.
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Hoon, Dave S. Serum Genetic Markers as Surrogates of Prostate Cancer Progression. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, kwiecień 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada485699.

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Hoon, Dave S. Serum Genetic Markers as Surrogates of Prostate Cancer Progression. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, kwiecień 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada463007.

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Cahaner, Avigdor, Susan J. Lamont, E. Dan Heller i Jossi Hillel. Molecular Genetic Dissection of Complex Immunocompetence Traits in Broilers. United States Department of Agriculture, sierpień 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586461.bard.

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Objectives: (1) Evaluate Immunocompetence-OTL-containing Chromosomal Regions (ICRs), marked by microsatellites or candidate genes, for magnitude of direct effect and for contribution to relationships among multiple immunocompetence, disease-resistance, and growth traits, in order to estimate epistatic and pleiotropic effects and to predict the potential breeding applications of such markers. (2) Evaluate the interaction of the ICRs with genetic backgrounds from multiple sources and of multiple levels of genetic variation, in order to predict the general applicability of molecular genetic markers across widely varied populations. Background: Diseases cause substantial economic losses to animal producers. Emerging pathogens, vaccine failures and intense management systems increase the impact of diseases on animal production. Moreover, zoonotic pathogens are a threat to human food safety when microbiological contamination of animal products occurs. Consumers are increasingly concerned about drug residues and antibiotic- resistant pathogens derived from animal products. The project used contemporary scientific technologies to investigate the genetics of chicken resistance to infectious disease. Genetic enhancement of the innate resistance of chicken populations provides a sustainable and ecologically sound approach to reduce microbial loads in agricultural populations. In turn, animals will be produced more efficiently with less need for drug treatment and will pose less of a potential food-safety hazard. Major achievements, conclusions and implications:. The PI and co-PIs had developed a refined research plan, aiming at the original but more focused objectives, that could be well-accomplished with the reduced awarded support. The successful conduct of that research over the past four years has yielded substantial new information about the genes and genetic markers that are associated with response to two important poultry pathogens, Salmonella enteritidis (SE) and Escherichia coli (EC), about variation of immunocompetence genes in poultry, about relationships of traits of immune response and production, and about interaction of genes with environment and with other genes and genetic background. The current BARD work has generated a base of knowledge and expertise regarding the genetic variation underlying the traits of immunocompetence and disease resistance. In addition, unique genetic resource populations of chickens have been established in the course of the current project, and they are essential for continued projects. The US laboratory has made considerable progress in studies of the genetics of resistance to SE. Microsatellite-marked chromosomal regions and several specific genes were linked to SE vaccine response or bacterial burden and the important phenomenon of gene interaction was identified in this system. In total, these studies demonstrate the role of genetics in SE response, the utility of the existing resource population, and the expertise of the research group in conducting such experiments. The Israeli laboratories had showed that the lines developed by selection for high or low level of antibody (Ab) response to EC differ similarly in Ab response to several other viral and bacterial pathogens, indicating the existence of a genetic control of general capacity of Ab response in young broilers. It was also found that the 10w-Ab line has developed, possibly via compensatory "natural" selection, higher cellular immune response. At the DNA levels, markers supposedly linked to immune response were identified, as well as SNP in the MHC, a candidate gene responsible for genetic differences in immunocompetence of chickens.
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Lichy, Jack. Characterization of Breast Cancer Progression by Analysis of Genetic Markers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, październik 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada375074.

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Lichy, Jack. Characterization of Breast Cancer Progression by Analysis of Genetic Markers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, październik 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada326464.

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Bjorkquist, Angelica G., Max F. Rothschild, Michael E. Persia, Chris Ashwell, Carl Schmidt i Susan J. Lamont. Genetic Markers Found for Response to Heat Stress in Chickens. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, styczeń 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-1318.

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Lichy, Jack. Characterization of Breast Cancer Progression by Analysis of Genetic Markers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, listopad 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada346670.

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