Rozprawy doktorskie: „Gender relations of domination”

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Nerua, Lucas Alberto Essilamo. "GÃnero e EducaÃÃo Escolar: AnÃlise das representaÃÃes de gÃnero nos livros didÃticos do ensino primÃrio em MoÃambique." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2016. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16185.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico Ã partindo da importÃncia, funÃÃo e em especÃfico do papel ideolÃgico que a educaÃÃo escolar em particular os manuais didÃticos tiveram no processo de reconstruÃÃo nacional, na formaÃÃo e difusÃo da nova identidade moÃambicana no pÃs-independÃncia (1975), que a presente dissertaÃÃo se propÃe a refletir sobre o papel ideolÃgico da educaÃÃo escolar, em particular dos livros didÃticos do ensino primÃrio, no processo de concepÃÃo, construÃÃo e reproduÃÃo institucional das diferenÃas ou igualdade de gÃnero. Para este proposito, analisamos como os livros didÃticos representam as relaÃÃes de gÃnero entre homem e mulher em seus conteÃdos, bem como verificamos se questionam ou reproduzem os papeis socialmente aceitos pra homens e mulheres. Tomamos como material empÃrico de nossa pesquisa os livros didÃticos dos primeiros 7 anos de escolaridade do ensino primÃrio de gestÃo pÃblica, nomeadamente, o de lÃngua portuguesa (livro de leitura), EducaÃÃo Moral e CÃvica, OfÃcios e MatemÃtica. Afastando-se das concepÃÃes pedagÃgicas sobre o livro didÃtico, o estudo encara por meio dos pressupostos da obra âa dominaÃÃo masculinaâ de Bourdieu, o livro didÃtico em anÃlise enquanto um espaÃo privilegiado de difusÃo de estereÃtipos, diferenÃas de gÃnero entre homem e mulher que tendem a representar o primeiro como provedor e a segunda como subalterna/submissa. Nesta vertente, os resultados desta pesquisa sugerem que a educaÃÃo escolar por meio dos livros didÃticos do ensino primÃrio em MoÃambique tende a reproduzir institucionalmente as diferenÃas de gÃnero ao transcrever relaÃÃes de gÃnero arbitrarias e desiguais como o tipo ideal de padrÃes comportamentais de gÃnero, que mostram o lugar e as atividades que devem ser desempenhadas pelas mulheres e nÃo por homens e vice- versa. O que perpetua nos educandos o arbitrÃrio cultural masculino que passa a ser exposto e tomado como modelo desejÃvel de conduta, ainda que esconda dentro de si mesmo uma descriminaÃÃo da mulher, sua ocultaÃÃo e submissÃo a essa ordem social masculina que Ã reprime e a confina a doxa da dominaÃÃo patriarcal de gÃnero. It is from the importance, role and specific ideological role that school education in particular textbooks had in the national reconstruction process, training and dissemination of new Mozambican identity in the post-independence (1975), which this thesis proposes to reflect on the ideological role of education, particularly of textbooks for primary education in the process of designing, building and institutional differences or reproduction of gender equality. For this purpose, we analyze how the textbooks are gender relations between men and women in their content and verify that question or reproduce socially accepted roles for men and women. We took as empirical material of our research textbooks of the first seven years of schooling primary school of public administration in particular the Portuguese language (reading book), Moral and Civic Education, Crafts and Mathematics. Away from the pedagogical conceptions of the textbook, the study sees through the assumptions of the book "male domination" of Bourdieu, the textbook in question as a special area of diffusion of stereotypes, gender differences between man and woman They tend to represent the first as provider and the second as a subaltern / submissive. In this respect, the results of this research suggest that school education through textbooks of primary education in Mozambique tends to institutionally reproduce gender differences when transcribing arbitrary and unequal gender relations as the ideal type of behavioral patterns of gender, showing the place and the activities that should be occupied by women and not by men and vice versa. What perpetuates the students the male cultural arbitrary that happens to be exposed and taken as desirable role model, although that hides within itself a discrimination against women, its concealment and submission to this male social order to repress and confines doxa of patriarchal domination gender.

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Karimi, Fatemeh. "Les rapports sociaux de sexe dans les forces politiques kurdes en Iran entre 1979 et 1991 : le Komala." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0117.

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Cette thèse analyse les rapports sociaux de sexe au sein du Komala, une organisation d’extrême gauche kurde qui émerge sur la scène politique dès la victoire de la révolution de 1979 en Iran. Afin de rendre visibles des évènements ignorés de cette période, tant par les recherches que par les mouvements politiques et sociaux en Iran, elle analyse la participation des femmes et les inégalités entre femmes et hommes au sein de cette organisation en se focalisant sur les expériences des femmes. Pour ce faire, cette thèse s’appuie sur des récits de vie d'ex-peshmergas recueillis dans le cadre d’entretiens.Les trajectoires militantes des femmes kurdes analysées à l’aide des corpus théoriques des études de genre et féministes permettent d’observer l’articulation, les continuités et les reconfigurations entre la division sexuelle du travail reproductif, la division sexuelle du travail révolutionnaire et les représentations sexistes.Selon les résultats de cette thèse, les divisions sexuelles du travail se reconfigurent au sein de l’organisation en relations inégales et asymétriques entre les hommes et les femmes. Alors que les femmes kurdes étaient jusqu’à la révolution de 1979 socialement assignées à l’espace domestique, elles jouent un nouveau rôle de peshmergas (ou combattantes en kurde), qui reste néanmoins difficilement accessibles. Leur cheminement pour entrer dans la vie politique, notamment la lutte armée, marquée par la masculinité et la non-mixité, rencontre de nombreux obstacles et empêchements. Bien que cette organisation se soit considérée comme révolutionnaire et avant-gardiste sur les normes de genre et malgré les efforts des femmes pour modifier cet ordre social, le Komala reste structurée par la division sexuelle du travail dans un contexte de conflits armés This thesis analyses gender relations within Komala, the left-wing Kurdish organization that was emerged on the Iranian political scene after the 1979 Revolution. In order to make visible the events peculiar to this historical period, ignored and forgotten both by researchers as well as political and social movements in Iran, the thesis examines gender inequalities within the organization, focusing on women’s political participations and engament. To do so, the thesis draws on the political experiences and life stories of ex-Peshmerga (fighters in Kurdish) gathered through numerous interviews.Analyzing the trajectories of militant Kurdish women in the organization, carried out with the help of gender and feminist studies, makes it possible to observe the inter-articulations and reconfigurations of the sexual division of reproductive labor, the sexual division of revolutionary labor, and sexist representations.According to the results of this thesis, the sexual divisions of labor are reconfigured within the organization through unequal and asymmetrical relations between men and women. Whereas Kurdish women were socially confined to the domestic space until the 1979 Revolution, they played a new and active role as Peshmerga in the political sphere which, nonetheless, was not easily accessible to and feasible for them. To enter political life, in particular armed struggle, women had to encounter various obstacles, including masculinity and the difficulties involved in the creation of ‘non-mixed’ spaces. Although the organization has considered itself ‘revolutionary’ and ‘avant-garde’ on gender norms, and despite women’s efforts to modify those norms, Komala remains structured by the sexual division of labor in the context of armed struggle

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NERUA, Lucas Alberto Essilamo. "Gênero e educação escolar: análise das representações de gênero nos livros didáticos do ensino primário em Moçambique." www.teses.ufc.br, 2016. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/15791.

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NERUA, Lucas Alberto Essilamo. Gênero e educação escolar: análise das representações de gênero nos livros didáticos do ensino primário em Moçambique. 2016. 184f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Sociologia, Fortaleza (CE), 2016. Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-29T12:10:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_laenerua.pdf: 2029678 bytes, checksum: bb418ad95c3b7d06fd986bc41e2a5cd3 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-29T12:15:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_laenerua.pdf: 2029678 bytes, checksum: bb418ad95c3b7d06fd986bc41e2a5cd3 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-29T12:15:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_laenerua.pdf: 2029678 bytes, checksum: bb418ad95c3b7d06fd986bc41e2a5cd3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 It is from the importance, role and specific ideological role that school education in particular textbooks had in the national reconstruction process, training and dissemination of new Mozambican identity in the post-independence (1975), which this thesis proposes to reflect on the ideological role of education, particularly of textbooks for primary education in the process of designing, building and institutional differences or reproduction of gender equality. For this purpose, we analyze how the textbooks are gender relations between men and women in their content and verify that question or reproduce socially accepted roles for men and women. We took as empirical material of our research textbooks of the first seven years of schooling primary school of public administration in particular the Portuguese language (reading book), Moral and Civic Education, Crafts and Mathematics. Away from the pedagogical conceptions of the textbook, the study sees through the assumptions of the book "male domination" of Bourdieu, the textbook in question as a special area of diffusion of stereotypes, gender differences between man and woman They tend to represent the first as provider and the second as a subaltern / submissive. In this respect, the results of this research suggest that school education through textbooks of primary education in Mozambique tends to institutionally reproduce gender differences when transcribing arbitrary and unequal gender relations as the ideal type of behavioral patterns of gender, showing the place and the activities that should be occupied by women and not by men and vice versa. What perpetuates the students the male cultural arbitrary that happens to be exposed and taken as desirable role model, although that hides within itself a discrimination against women, its concealment and submission to this male social order to repress and confines doxa of patriarchal domination gender. É partindo da importância, função e em específico do papel ideológico que a educação escolar em particular os manuais didáticos tiveram no processo de reconstrução nacional, na formação e difusão da nova identidade moçambicana no pós-independência (1975), que a presente dissertação se propõe a refletir sobre o papel ideológico da educação escolar, em particular dos livros didáticos do ensino primário, no processo de concepção, construção e reprodução institucional das diferenças ou igualdade de gênero. Para este proposito, analisamos como os livros didáticos representam as relações de gênero entre homem e mulher em seus conteúdos, bem como verificamos se questionam ou reproduzem os papeis socialmente aceitos pra homens e mulheres. Tomamos como material empírico de nossa pesquisa os livros didáticos dos primeiros 7 anos de escolaridade do ensino primário de gestão pública, nomeadamente, o de língua portuguesa (livro de leitura), Educação Moral e Cívica, Ofícios e Matemática. Afastando-se das concepções pedagógicas sobre o livro didático, o estudo encara por meio dos pressupostos da obra “a dominação masculina” de Bourdieu, o livro didático em análise enquanto um espaço privilegiado de difusão de estereótipos, diferenças de gênero entre homem e mulher que tendem a representar o primeiro como provedor e a segunda como subalterna/submissa. Nesta vertente, os resultados desta pesquisa sugerem que a educação escolar por meio dos livros didáticos do ensino primário em Moçambique tende a reproduzir institucionalmente as diferenças de gênero ao transcrever relações de gênero arbitrarias e desiguais como o tipo ideal de padrões comportamentais de gênero, que mostram o lugar e as atividades que devem ser desempenhadas pelas mulheres e não por homens e vice- versa. O que perpetua nos educandos o arbitrário cultural masculino que passa a ser exposto e tomado como modelo desejável de conduta, ainda que esconda dentro de si mesmo uma descriminação da mulher, sua ocultação e submissão a essa ordem social masculina que à reprime e a confina a doxa da dominação patriarcal de gênero.

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Amari, Salima. "Des équilibres instables : construction de soi et relations familiales chez les lesbiennes maghrébines migrantes et d'ascendance maghrébine en France." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080048.

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À partir d’une enquête par récit de vie auprès de vingt et une lesbiennes et d’une observation de terrain, cette thèse se propose de rendre compte de la construction sociale les itinéraires croisés en tant que femmes maghrébines migrantes ou d’ascendance maghrébine et en tant que lesbiennes. En effet, ces lesbiennes agissent sur deux fronts. Celui qui relève de la construction de soi en tant que lesbiennes et celui de gérer leurs relations familiales qu’elles tentent de préserver. Le but de cette recherche à travers son approche intersectionnelle permet de (re)penser les différentes dominations sans ordre hiérarchique et de proposer une analyse qui permet de mettre à jour non seulement les mécanismes d’oppression mais également les stratégies de résistance. De « la découverte » de leur lesbianisme jusqu’aux différentes projections d’avenir en matière de conjugalité et de parentalité, les carrières lesbiennes sont jalonnées par un certain nombre d’obstacles liés aux contraintes au mariage hétérosexuel et à la maternité. Ces carrières lesbiennes sont construites soit sur des ruptures familiales, soit sur des équilibres instables entre des vies lesbiennes d’un côté et des relations familiales de l’autre. Ainsi, face à ces contraintes socio-familiales hétéronormatives, de nombreuses lesbiennes maghrébines migrantes et d’ascendance maghrébine privilégient la loyauté filiale tout en continuant à vivre leurs vies affectives et sexuelles lesbiennes From a life story survey of twenty one lesbians and a field observation, this PhD dissertation proposes to realize the social construction crossed routes as migrants Maghrebi women or North African descent and as lesbians. Indeed, these lesbians act on two fronts. Whoever falls self-construction as lesbians and the managing family relationships they are trying to preserve. The purpose of this research through its intersectional approach allows (re) think the different dominations no hierarchical order and offer an analysis that allows to update not only the mechanisms of oppression, but also the strategies of resistance. The "discovery" of their lesbianism to the different projections of the future for conjugal and parenthood, lesbians careers are marked by a number of obstacles to the constraints to heterosexual marriage and motherhood. These lesbians careers are built either on family breakdown, or on unstable equilibria between lesbians lives on one side and family relations of the other. So, faced with these socio-heteronormative family constraints, many migrants Maghrebi lesbians or North African descent prefer loyalty subsidiary while continuing to support their emotional and sexual lives as lesbians

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Lin, Lang. "Parents, Patriarchy, and Decision-Making Power: A Study of Gender Relations as Reflected by Co-residence Patterns of Older Parents in the Immigrant Household." Amherst, Mass. : University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. http://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations/16/.

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Pimenta, Vanda Ambrósia. "Recorrelações de gênero em contos da antologia do conto goiano II." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3669.

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Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-11-21T12:50:18Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Vanda Ambrósia Pimenta - 2013.pdf: 1046700 bytes, checksum: a0d866e077757cdeb25a74842cbcd1bf (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-11-21T12:52:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Vanda Ambrósia Pimenta - 2013.pdf: 1046700 bytes, checksum: a0d866e077757cdeb25a74842cbcd1bf (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-21T12:52:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Vanda Ambrósia Pimenta - 2013.pdf: 1046700 bytes, checksum: a0d866e077757cdeb25a74842cbcd1bf (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-05 The purpose of this research is to examine the presence of gender relations in five goianos tales, especially the violence of male characters against female characters and the degree of acceptance or resistance to the phenomenon. The stories analyzed are part of the second volume of the Antologia do conto goiano, organized by Vera Maria Tietzmann Silva and Maria Zaira Turchi (1994). As a result of the literary object, we address the evolution of the gender system from the development of civilization until the twentieth century, showing the emergence and perpetuation of the structure of male domination, even after the maturity of feminist struggles. These struggles, however, are not systematically studied, appearingonly in scattered references. With regard to adhesion and to the resistance, we call attention to the fact that identities are socially and politically constructed, in order to establish dominant and dominated groups, and generated cognition of this division as natural and therefore inevitable. The internalization of constructed identities demand constant work of situated agents and, in the case of generic identities, this is played by the institutions and men, with their violent practices. The continuous effect of these practices is leading to adhesion of dominated to dominant, as in almost all of the stories analyzed. Nevertheless, the characters explored also offer a degree of resistance, adopting defensive attitudes, which, however, does not solve the problem. Neither can transpose radically negative condition, usually faced by females. O objeto teórico deste estudo são as relações de gênero, que se delinearam nas sociedades a partir da organização das civilizações por meio dos contatos. À proporção que elas se organizavam, distinguiam-se os atributos e papéis de homens e mulheres. O propósito da pesquisa é verificar o modo pelo qual, no interior dessas relações, o homem veio a adquirir primazia sobre a mulher, e, em seguida, examinar a presença das relações de gênero em cinco contos goianos. O foco da análise literária é a violência dos personagens masculinos contra os femininos e o grau de adesão ou de resistência ao fenômeno. Os contos analisados fazem parte do segundo volume da Antologia do conto goiano, organizada por Vera Maria Tietzmann Silva e Maria Zaira Turchi (1994). Em decorrência do objeto literário, abordamos a evolução do sistema de gêneros desde o desenvolvimento das civilizações até o século XX, mostrando o surgimento e a perpetuação da estrutura de dominação masculina, mesmo após o amadurecimento das lutas feministas. Essas lutas, entretanto, não são estudadas sistematicamente, aparecendo apenas em referências esparsas. No concernente à adesão e à resistência, chamamos a atenção para o fato de que as identidades são construídas social e politicamente, de forma a estabelecer grupos de dominantes e dominados, e a gerar o reconhecimento dessa divisão como algo natural e, portanto, inevitável. A interiorização das identidades construídas demanda um trabalho constante de agentes situados, e, no caso das identidades genéricas, este é desempenhado pelas instituições e pelos homens, com suas práticas violentas. O efeito contínuo dessas práticas é que leva à adesão do dominado ao dominante, como acontece na quase totalidade dos contos analisados. Apesar disso, as personagens exploradas oferecem também certo grau de resistência, adotando atitudes defensivas, que, entretanto, não solucionam de vez o problema. Nenhuma delas consegue transpor radicalmente a condição negativa, enfrentada em comum pelo gênero feminino.

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Taleb, Farhat Fatima. "Rôle des établissements scolaires dans la constructions de l'identité sexuée : de la discrimination vers l'inégalité (le cas du Liban)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20134/document.

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La présente thèse dont la problématique émerge de l'existence des rapports sociaux de sexe sur la scène sociale au Liban, vise à y trouver une contribution du système scolaire dans la formation de l'identité sexuée chez les élèves au primaire. Son objectif principal est d'explorer les façons dont l'institution scolaire traite les élèves des deux sexes, et qui engendre ensuite son rôle indéniable dans l'édification du genre chez eux-elles. L'hypothèse principale suppose à cet égard qu'une telle construction identitaire ne s'effectue pas de la même manière chez les filles et les garçons au sein des classes. Au début, les démarches méthodiques du travail, basées sur une pré-enquête par entretiens semi-directifs menés auprès des directeurs de 18 établissements scolaires au sud-Liban, ont décelé chez ces responsables, la présence d'une mentalité sexiste. A noter qu'ensuite, lors d'une série de 225 séances d'observation dans 11 classes du primaire, durant 4 mois successifs, on a pu affirmer la présence des effets enseignant-élève différenciés selon le sexe, tout en soulignant l'inculpation des pratiques des instituteurs-trices, puisqu'ils-elles prédéterminent souvent, et selon son sexe, la manière d'interagir avec l'enfant, d'ici découle la discrimination préalable. A côté de ça, l'analyse du contenu des manuels scolaires, faite sur six livres de maths à l'usage des classes enquêtées, a vérifié que ces livres motivent nettement une représentation stéréotypée de la société, d'où surgissent des positions sexuellement différenciées, témoignées par leur contenu. D'autre part, la majorité des classes observées, semble prêter à la socialisation sexuée, ce que montre l'étude de plusieurs variables durant les séances d'apprentissage, et qui peut aboutir, d'une façon ou d'autre, à généraliser l'universalisme masculin, et par suite à renforcer la domination masculine à travers des rapports hiérarchiques liés à l'appartenance sexuée des apprenant-e-s The present thesis whose problematical emerges from the existence of the socialized terms of sex on the Lebanese social scene, where it aims to find a contribution of its scholar system in the formation of sexual identity among the child students in the primary cycle. So the main objective is to explore the ways in which the scholar institution treats the students of both sexes, that gives rise to their obvious role in the edification of the gender in the students. In this respect, the principal hypothesis supposes that such an identity construction can’t be effected evenly with girls and boys in the classes. At the beginning, the methodic proceedings of the study, based on a pre-inquiry via semi-directive talks conducted with the directors of 18 scholar establishments in south-Lebanon, have revealed in those responsible, the presence of sexual mentality. Further note that during a series of 225 observation sessions of 11 primary classes, made successively in 4 months, we could affirm the presence of teacher-student differentiated effects related to the sex of the latter, while noting an inculpation of teacher’s practices, for he/she often predetermines according to his sex, the mode of interacting with a child, a preliminary discrimination can therefore be deduced. In addition to that, a content analysis of 6 maths manuals belonging to the classes concerned, has been done, it verifies that these books motivate clearly a stereotyped representation of the society, where loom up sexually differentiated positions witnessed by their contents.On the other hand, the majority of the observed classes seems to enhance sexualized socialization, which is shown by many variables during apprenticeship sessions, this may lead in certain manners to generalize the masculine universalism and to strengthen therely the domination of the strong sex, through hierarchical terms linked to the sex of the student

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Bazán, Ramírez Aldo. "Regarding gender relations: Gender identity or gender interaction styles?" Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 1996. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/102283.

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This study discusses sorne assumptions from the social determinism in the construction of gender roles, gender-typed identities, and gender relarions inequities. Ir is proposed that gender sryles of interaction are relatively invariant forms or dispositions related ro specific contexts of social interaction. Iris not enough ro say that socialization factors such as the family, school, mass media, and rhe inirial social group relations generare a typed gender identity or gender seggregation, but it is also necessary ro make explicit how preferences, beliefs and interaction sryles are structured according ro rhose factors and how these interactive tendencies are built u pon social interaction situations as part of a developmental process. En el presente trabajo se discuten algunos supuestos del determinismo social en la construcción de roles de género e identidades genéricas estereotipadas y de desigualdad en las relaciones intergéneros. Se propone que los estilos de interacción de los géneros se constituyen como formas o disposiciones relativamente invariantes en relación a contextos particulares de interacción social. No es suficiente afirmar que los factores de socialización y las primeras relaciones en grupo social, generan una identidad genérica estereotipada o de segregación de géneros, sino que es necesario también explicitar el cómo se estructuran preferencias, creencias y estilos de interacción de acuerdo a tales factores y, cómo estas tendencias interactivas se constituyen a partir de situaciones de interacción social y como proceso de desarrollo.

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Atkins, Chloe G. K. "Divergence and domination, a feminist critique of power in medical relations." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0027/NQ49978.pdf.

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Soussi, Tassadit Hadji. "L'Egypte sous domination britannique (1922-1956)." Montpellier 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON30013.

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1922 : annee de la proclamation de l'independance egyptienne. Mais il ne s'agit la que d'une independance de droit et non de fait. Il faudra en effet encore trentequatre ans aux egyptiens pour bouter hors d'egypte les britanniques, wui occupent le pays depuis 1882. Cette etude est une analyse des relations anglo-egyptiennes au cours de la periode allant de la proclamation de l'independance jusqu'a l'evacuation totale des troupes britanniques en 1956. Comment la grande-bretagne, apres que l'independance fut proclamee, continue-t-elle d'exeercer une grande influence sur les affaires interieur et exterieur de l'egypte? -quelles sont les etapes du nationalisme egyptien en qui conduiront a l'affranchissement total du pays? quelles sont les repercussions de la presence britannique sur les affaires interieures et exterieures de l'egypte? tels sont les trois points traites dans cette these 1922 : egypt's independence has just been proclaimed. But it is an independence de jure and not de facto. It will indeed take some thirty-four years more to the egyptians to oust the british from egypt, which has been occupied since 1882. This research work is an analysis of the anglo-egyptian relations during the period starting from the proclamation of the independence until the complete withdrawal of the british troops in 1956. - how will britain, after 1922, keep on having a great effet on egypt's affair? - what are the various stages of the egyptian nationalism which will lead the country to complete emancipation? - what are the consequential effects caused by the british presence on egypt's home and foreign policy

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Danieli, Addolorata. "Gender and industrial relations." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261356.

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Tijani, Ishaq. "Male domination, female revolt : race, class, and gender in Kuwaiti women's fiction /." Leiden : Brill, 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9789004167797.

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Wanjeri, Michael Maina. "Language and gender : Male domination among the Kikuyu of Kenya, East Africa." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Arts and Education, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-272.

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Language and gender is one of the most intriguing and interesting areas in sociolinguistic study. It investigates how men and women (or boys and girls) use language differently in social contexts.Extensive study and research has been carried out in this field, particularly in regard to the English language. Eminent linguists such as Ronald Wardhaugh, David Crystal, Ralph Fasold, and Deborah Tannen have studied varying male-female use of the English language. They have also attempted comparison with other languages and cultures. Wardhaugh, for instance, has studied male-female use of language in English, American-Indian languages (such as Gros Ventre), Asian and Oriental languages (Yukaghir, Japanese) among others, and his findings have become the subject of several of his published works.In their investigations they have found that almost invariably, the way men use language shows them to be socially dominant over women. This persists even in such cases as in the Malagasy language spoken in Madagascar, where men display linguistic characteristics more popularly associated with women and vice versa (Wardhaugh).This paper seeks to determine whether men use language to dominate women among the Kikuyu ethnic group of Kenya, East Africa, to which I belong. Areas such as terms used to refer to men and women, taboo language and language use in marital situations are examined, among others. I also attempt to find out what influence this has had on English spoken in Kenya.

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Tijani, O. I. "Male domination, female revolt : race, class and gender in Kuwaiti women's fiction." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.662957.

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This thesis investigates various form of women’s resistance to male domination in Kuwaiti society, as represented in Kuwaiti women’s fiction. Two short stories: Hayfā’ Hāshim’s “al-Intiqām al-rahīb” (1953) and Laylā al-‘Uthmān’s “Min milaff imra’s” (1979), and three novels: al-‘Uthmān’s Wasmiyya takhruj min al-bahr (1986), Tayba al-Ibrāhīm’s Mudhakkirāt khādim (1995), and Fawziyya S. al-Sālim’s Muzūn (2000) are closely analysed, drawing from Marxist-feminist literary criticism. I argue that these texts portray their respective heroines, representing pre-oil generations of Kuwaiti women – born before or in the first half of the twentieth century – as resistant and/or revolutionary figures, contrary to the common notion of their stereotypical passivity and submissiveness. In view of the fact that these texts, as well as some others that are not represented here, form a minority among Kuwaiti women’s fiction, they are here considered as ‘feminist revolutionary’ texts. Part One introduces Kuwait and its people, with special reference to the development of Kuwaiti fiction (Chapter One), and the Kuwaiti female literary tradition (Chapter Two). Part Two (Chapters Three through Six) demonstrates how the Kuwaiti patriarchal tradition has affected, and continues to affect, race, class and gender relations in Kuwait, in a way that is discriminatory against and oppressive to women. An example of this is found in the sex-related concept of sharaf or fadīha (social honour or dishonour) – a-common-denominator ideology which each of the texts seeks to reflect and deconstruct. Exploring the agency which each of the authors has constructed for her heroine’s defiance, evasion, or subversion of patriarchal authority, this study asserts that some pre-oil Kuwaiti women have been actively resistant to male domination, and that they have worked for social change.

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Blackburn, Carole. "'Harvest of souls' : tropes of transformation and domination in the Jesuit relations." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60617.

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An analysis of the discourse in the Jesuit Relations indicates that the Jesuits' representation of Huron and Montagnais Indians is informed by a colonial ideology. The Jesuits' attempt to identify Indians according to permanent customs and manners is compared to conventional ethnographic description and is shown to result in a reductive, essentializing discourse. In their elaboration of the category of 'savagery' Jesuits metaphorically equated Indians with wild animals. They then stressed the need for reclaiming the Indians' humanity through conversion to Christianity. The Jesuits' figuration of the spiritual realm as a territory to be subdued and conquered is discussed, and the language of conversion is revealed as a language of control and conquest. It is finally argued that Jesuit representations of Indians functioned as an instrument of colonial domination. The analysis points to the need for decolonization of textual and historical spaces dominated by Eurocolonial discourses.

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Howson, Richard. "Challenging hegemonic masculinity a critico-historical investigation of domination, gender and social justice /." Access electronically, 2002. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/1734.

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Panter, David C. "Child social relations and gender." Thesis, Open University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235677.

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Janus, Jacqueline M. "Gender, leadership and public relations." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5768.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 12, 2009) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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LEITE, ANDREI MAUREY DE MUSACCHIO. "TELEVISION, IDEOLOGY AND VIOLENCE: HE REPRODUCTION OF THE RELATIONS OF DOMINATION IN FICTION." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2018. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=36319@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO Televisão, Ideologia e Violência: A Reprodução das Relações de Dominação nas Ficções Seriadas é uma dissertação que percebe a evidente força e espaço ocupado pela mídia na vida social de todos os indivíduos. Os grandes conglomerados midiáticos produzem mercadorias na forma de entretenimento e/ou informação. Como esses produtos audiovisuais são difundidos em larga escala, visando primordialmente o lucro, acreditamos ser razoável indagar: suas formas simbólicas carregam conteúdos ideológicos? De que maneiras elas sustentam relações de dominação? Há interesses por trás dessas grandes empresas em atuar a favor da manutenção do status quo? Para respondê-las, torna-se fundamental o exercício da crítica, pois através dela, obtemos informações precisas acerca das formas simbólicas veiculadas pela mídia, desvelando os interesses defendidos pela elite dominante. Segundo John Thompson, a ideologia pode ser veiculada pelo sentido presente nas formas simbólicas, podendo ser ele atribuído para estabelecer e sustentar relações assimétricas de poder. Além disso, segundo Noam Chomsky, a produção do consenso é a obtenção da concordância do povo a respeito de assuntos os quais ele não estava de acordo por meio de propaganda política. Sendo assim, com o objetivo de demonstrar esse processo de solidificação do imaginário sociocultural, selecionamos quatro ficções seriadas brasileiras do século XXI, sob o eixo temático da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, cujas formas simbólicas reproduzem relações assimétricas de poder, utilizam a violência subjetiva para produzir um consenso e, com isso, justificar e legitimar a ordem social estabelecida, relegando a violência objetiva a um patamar de pura naturalidade, escamoteando suas verdadeiras raízes capitalistas. Television, Ideology and Violence: The Reproduction of the Relations of Domination in Fiction Series is a dissertation that perceives the strength and space occupied by the media in the social life of all individuals. Large media companies produce commodities in the form of entertainment and/or information. As these audiovisual products are widespread, primarily for profit, we believe that is reasonable to pose questions as: do the symbolic forms convey ideological content? In what ways do they sustain relations of domination? Is there an interest behind these big companies in acting in favor of maintaining the status quo? In order to answer them, the exercise of criticism becomes fundamental, because through them we obtain accurate information about the symbolic forms conveyed by the media, revealing the interests defended by the ruling elite. According to John Thompson, ideology can be conveyed by the meaning in symbolic forms, which can be attributed to establishing and sustaining asymmetrical relations of power. Moreover, according to Noam Chomsky, the manufacturing of consent is the attainment of agreement from the people through political propaganda on matters which they have disagreed with. Thus, in order to demonstrate this process of solidification of the socio-cultural imaginary, we have selected four brazilian fiction series of the XXI century, under the thematic axis of the city of Rio de Janeiro, whose symbolic forms reproduce asymmetrical relations of power, use subjective violence to manufacture consent and thus justify and legitimize the established social order, relegating objective violence to a level of pure naturalness, by cloaking its true capitalistic roots.

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Brohan, Soizic. "« La femme politique paradoxale ». Étude comparative sur la représentation des femmes dans les assemblées politiques en Guadeloupe et en Jamaïque depuis 1944. : Étude comparative sur la représentation des femmes dans les assemblées politiques en Guadeloupe et en Jamaïque depuis 1944." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0092/document.

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Les sociétés caribéennes de legs plantationnaire sont souvent associées à des sociétés « matrifocales » à tendance matriarcale où les femmes seraient détentrices d’un potentat féminin et les hommes dépossédés de leur autorité « naturelle ». Les femmes sont certes dotées d'une autorité féminine mais la « matrifocalité » ne nie pas des rapports de pouvoir inégaux entre les hommes et les femmes. Le champ politique en constitue un terrain d'expression privilégié. Le décalage paradoxal entre le pouvoir prêté aux femmes et leur position dans le système politique sert de point de départ à ce travail de thèse qui cherche à étudier les relations entre ordre social et représentation politique du point de vue du genre. Il analyse l'évolution de la représentation des femmes dans les assemblées politiques centrales en Guadeloupe (Conseil départemental et Conseil régional) et en Jamaïque (Chambre des représentants et Sénat) depuis 1944 au prisme des renégociations permanentes entre les contraintes structurelles des deux contextes politiques étudiés et les contraintes symboliques intériorisées par leurs acteur.rices.s porteur.se.s d'une histoire sociale particulière, ainsi que les modalités de professionnalisation politique des représentantes recouvrant une hétérogénéité de trajectoires personnelles, professionnelles et politiques. La méthode de recherche adoptée mobilise des sources archivistiques par le recueil de données de type statistique et monographique, donnant lieu à la réalisation d'une base de données sur les femmes siégeant dans les assemblées politiques et d'une typologie de leurs trajectoires, ainsi que la réalisation d’une série d'entretiens semi-directifs biographiques auprès de certaines d’entre elles afin d'approfondir l'analyse de leurs trajectoires. La perspective comparatiste entre la Guadeloupe et la Jamaïque souligne les spécificités de leurs systèmes de représentation politique en dépit de leurs similitudes socioculturelles The Caribbean plantation societies are often described as “matrifocal” or even matriarchal societies in which women hold a female power which deprives their male counterparts of their “natural” authority. Women indeed possess a female power but “matrifocality” does not prevent men from holding more power than women in some domains. The study of the political arena is insightful in this regard. This thesis considers the paradoxical gap between the power women are believed to have in society and their position within the political system, and studies the relationship between the Caribbean social order and its gendered political representation. It analyzes the evolution of women’s representation in the central political assemblies of Guadeloupe (Departmental Council and Regional Council) and Jamaica (House of Representatives and Senate) since 1944, drawing on the permanent evolutions between the structural constraints of the two studied political systems and the symbolic constraints interiorized by the parliamentarians that carry a specific social history; as well as their diversified pathways to political professionalization, echoing their different personal, professional and political trajectories. The research method uses archival data, through the collection of statistical and monographic data which enabled the construction of a database of women seated in the political assemblies of Guadeloupe and Jamaica, as well as interviews conducted with some of them in order to deepen the analysis of their trajectories. The comparative study between Guadeloupe and Jamaica highlights the specificities of their political representation systems despite their similar sociocultural history

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Holliston, Margaret Carleton University Dissertation Philosophy. "The other side of spirit; Hegel on gender and gender relations." Ottawa, 1985.

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Troadec, Anne. "Les Mamelouks dans l’espace syrien : stratégies de domination et résistances (658/1260-741/1341)." Paris, EPHE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EPHE5026.

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Cette thèse a pour objectif d’étudier les stratégies de domination des Mamelouks en Syrie, pour permettre de mieux comprendre les mécanismes du pouvoir dans un espace éloigné du Caire, tout en tenant compte des résistances. La première stratégie est de l’ordre du discours. Le discours sur l’espace syrien composé par la chancellerie mamelouke vise à en faire un espace cohérent et le revivifier comme terre de l’islam. Sa diffusion dans un grand nombre de sources, manuels de chancellerie, épigraphie, ou historiographie officielle révèle la cohérence du programme politique et l’importance de l’espace syrien dans les stratégies de légitimation mameloukes. L’inscription spatiale du pouvoir est le deuxième volet de l’enquête. Le modèle d’une Syrie centralisée, souvent mis en avant, correspond à une situation tardive. L’attention portée à la périodisation de l’implantation du pouvoir permet d’en caractériser la nature : initialement mobile et répondant à une logique d’expéditions incessantes, il s’est peu à peu territorialisé sous Qalāwūn, comme l’illustre la refondation de Tripoli. A la fin de la période, sous le dernier règne d’al-Nāṣir Muḥammad, le sultan se rend rarement en Syrie où il se fait représenter. Le gouverneur est alors plus que jamais au centre des stratégies de domination. Enfin, une approche prosopographique permet de repérer les différents acteurs du pouvoir syrien et d’analyser leurs relations avec le sultan : gouverneurs, émirs locaux, tribus arabes, ulémas en marge du pouvoir, ou en collaboration avec lui. Le repérage des composantes de la sphère publique permet de mettre en valeur le caractère dynamique de la société urbaine syrienne sous les Mamelouks The purpose of this dissertation is to study the strategies of domination of the early Mamluks in Syria and to foster a better understanding of the mechanisms of power in a place distant from Cairo, while taking resistances into consideration. The first strategy was implemented at the level of discourse. The discourse framed by the Mamluk chancery aims to represent Syria as a coherent space and to revive it as a land of Islam. Its diffusion in a large number of sources, chancery manuals, epigraphy, or official biographies testifies to the coherence of Mamluk policy and the importance of Syria with regard to their legitimization strategies. The second part of the study investigates Mamluk spatial strategies in Syria. The centralized model of the territory, which was often highlighted, did not emerge until the late Mamluk period. The focus on the periodization of the establishment of mamluk rule allows for a definition of its nature : initially mobile and based on endless expeditions, it became territorialized under Qalāwūn, as illustrated by the refondation of Tripoli. Under the last reign of al-Nāṣir Muḥammad, the sultan rarely travels to Syria where he has a representatives. The governor is then more than ever at the heart of the domination strategies. Lastly, a prosopographical approach allows for an identification of the various actors of the Syrian governance and for an analysis of their relationships with the sultan: governors, local emirs, Arab tribes, and ulamas on the fringe of power or collaborating with it. Identification of the components of the public sphere provides an opportunity to highlight the dynamic character of the Syrian urban society in early Mamluk Syria

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McElvein, Elizabeth. "Discourses of Domination: A Comparative Historical Analysis of Development in Haiti." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/427.

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In this thesis, I seek to understand the historical process by which Haiti has become a site of economic exploitation and labor coercion. I identify a remarkable continuity in the justification of economic oppression at three historical junctures: the reestablishment of plantation production under Toussaint Louverture in 1800, the agrarian development projects implemented by the American occupation 1918 and 1929, and the IMF agricultural liberalization measures implemented in between 1986/87 and 1993/94. I argue that a violent and chronically unstable juxtaposition between “civilized” elites and “uncivilized” masses creates and sustains a political system of brutal exploitation. A racialized logic lies at the heart of the civilization fantasy and maintains the economic, political and cultural configurations of peasant and proletariat oppression in Haiti.

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Ko, Ariel Hui-min. "Not for political domination : China's foreign economic policy towards Vietnam, Singapore and Malaysia in the open era." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2010. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2235/.

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This thesis is an exploration of China’s bilateral foreign economic policy (FEP) towards Vietnam, Singapore, and Malaysia in the open era. It expects to answer the central question that what motivated China’s bilateral economic cooperation with small partners? Is it for political domination, or is it for national prosperity? Drawing upon the evidence from primary materials, this thesis challenges the hypothesis that China, as a rising economic power, intends to generate political gains from the creation of trade asymmetry of small partners. In contrast, this thesis argues that China’s bilateral economic cooperation with individual ASEAN members is for the pursuit of prosperity; in this process, the shared concerns of Beijing’s management of bilateral economic relations with individual ASEAN members are to raise the national income and to sharpen the national competitiveness in exports. In other words, Beijing’s FEP at bilateral level has the very strong implication for national economic development in general. Contrary to the realist expectations about foreign trade, this thesis shows that China did not take initiatives in bilateral economic cooperation to ensure the advantageous political gains; in addition, this thesis also finds that different political relations did not seem to affect the implementation of China’s bilateral FEP towards individual partners. By revealing China’s preference order of foreign economic cooperation at different levels, this thesis also argues that the calculations of welfare effects, rather than the consideration of relative gains, is more likely to be the determinant of China’s foreign economic behaviors.

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Ward, Richard. "Gender relations in a dementia care setting." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2004. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/6728/.

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This study has been motivated by the need to better understand gender relations in dementia care. Across time and place, gender has been shown to be a fundamental relationship of social organisation. As such, it is hypothesised that gender is likely to have a similarly patterning influence upon relations in residential dementia care. It is argued there is a need to consider the person with dementia as a gendered (and sexual) individual. The study considers the ways that gender produces experiences of a care setting, and how gender is configured by the discourses and practices that characterise dementia care. A dementia care setting also provides a standpoint from which to problematise gender as a widely used but politically sensitive discursive category. The study has been undertaken within the context of a wider investigation of communication and dementia care: Alzheimer's type dementia: Communication Patterns and their Consequences for Effective Care (CPCEC). The research was carried out exclusively within care facilities owned and run by Jewish Care, a voluntary sector organisation offering care and support to the Jewish community. The study takes an exploratory approach to gender relations and is organised according to two main themes. In the first section, attention is paid to hierarchies of identity. A brief review of the historical and socio-political context is offered in order to trace certain themes and key constructions in welfare policy and provision from this wider context to the local settings of the care homes under investigation. It is argued that identity and social experience underpin relationships to a hegemonic perspective in care settings for both residents and staff. The second section is organised according to the theme of interactions. The study makes a contribution to an understanding of care as a situated practice. Drawing upon video data, the dynamic quality of care is underscored and this provides a basis for a conceptualisation of care as an interactive social activity. Gender's connections to other aspects of identity and social experience are also encompassed as another form of interaction. Particular consideration is given to the interconnectedness of gender and sexuality and it is shown that gender shapes the interpretation of sexual expression within dementia care. The dearth of existing research into gender relations and dementia care makes this a unique piece of research, which has more than local implications. Rather, it fills a silence in this area, on both a theoretical and practical level, and promotes both knowledge (theory) and methodological matters to a wide audience. The study holds relevance to formal care settings and similar establishments regarding gender and social relations and beyond, as it adds yet another piece to the 'puzzle' of gender relations in society.

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Williamson, Karla Jessen. "Inuit post-colonial gender relations in Greenland." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2006. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=167292.

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This dissertation explores Inuit gender relations in a post-colonial setting in Greenland. Explicitly avoiding Western theories as support, a pan-Inuit framework was constructed in order to more appropriately study gender equity among the kalaallit, the Greenland Inuit. This framework materialized the linkages of Inuit thinking to that of the West, making sense of the Inuit worldview, and arguably justifies the development of other analytical tools. Inuit terms and notions are used in teasing out the emic aspects that reveal the cultural foundations specific to the target group to enable more accurate perception. Concurrently, culturally appropriate protocols in soliciting partnership for research in the field were established to test feasibility that such a relationship could create new knowledge. The combination of the established research modes caused the emergence of a more culturally enriched social construction, which made it possible to go beyond the regular scholarly treatises and standards of analytical structure. The epistemological understanding allowed for more critical analyses of what is presently known of relations between Inuit men and women in the Arctic.

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Brackenridge, Celia Helen. "Gender relations and sexual exploitation in sport." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2001. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/23504/.

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My early publications were on aspects of gender relations in sport [Refs. 18, 17 & 16], reflecting my interests as a feminist teacher and activist. I continued to publish with colleagues in the broad field of gender relations in sport and leisure, in particular using feminist perspectives to inform analyses of leadership and coaching [Refs. 14,8, 6 & 2]. Understanding of the processes of sex discrimination in sporting organisations led me to examine further the conceptually linked issues of harassment and abuse in sport, at a time when there was virtually no literature on this [Ref. 15]. This first international refereed article on the subject was a literature review, and preceded my entry into fieldwork. Since the late 1980s I have pioneered the development of theoretical models of risk for sexual exploitation in sport, using both qualitative research with former abused athletes, and quantitative and policy research with sports personnel and national governing bodies [Refs. 10 & 11]. Throughout this work, I have adopted a multidisciplinary approach, drawing together material from sociology, psychology, philosophy, gender and sport studies, clinical and reflexive perspectives [Ref.7]. I was the first researcher to put forward a set of risk factors for sexual exploitation in sport, based on inductive research [Ref. 12], and also proposed an original model of a sex offending cycle in sport [Ref. 12, summarised in Ref. 4]. I conducted the first ever study of parents' role in protecting children from abuse in sport [Ref. 9]. I have researched the child protection policy process in the voluntary and public sectors and have used this to inform professional development work for Sport England, sports coach UK/NCF and the Council of Europe [Refs. 3, 5 & 13]. My book [Ref. 1] is a synthesis of all my previous research, representing a state-of-the-art review of theory, policy and practice in the fields of child abuse and protection in sport. Ch. 7 proposes an original Contingency Model of Sexual Exploitation, based on multiple case analysis, which should enable sport organisations to develop more effective risk management strategies.

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Jacobs, Susie. "Gender relations and land resettlement in Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335872.

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Shaw, Pelly R. E. "From "sexual antagonism" to "domination" : the discourse of gender in the ethnography of Papua New Guinea." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31481.

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This thesis is an examination of the evolution of the anthropological understandings of gender relations and the social and political positions of women in several New Guinea societies. Since the 1950's the question of sexual inequality and the domination of women has permeated the discourse of gender in the ethnography of Papua New Guinea, particularly the Highlands. Key pieces of ethnographic literature produced from the 1950's to the present were examined, beginning with the "sexual antagonism" model of the 50's and 60's (Read, Meggitt, Langness), followed by the "women as persons" model of the 1970's (Faithorn, Feil, Strathern), the model of "sexual complementarity" proposed by Lowlands ethnographers (Weiner, Errington and Gewertz), the symbolic "deconstruction" of domination (Strathern, Lederman, Biersack), and the recent neo-marxist "reconstruction" of domination (Josephides, Godelier). All the studies examined deal in some measure with the degree to which women may be said to be dominated by men. Thus, women's exclusion from or participation in political affairs, the nature and degree of women's access to "male" political power or their possession of other sorts of powers, their state of personhood and the question of whether or not they may be dominated are central themes in the discussion. The ethnographers who judged that women were not dominated, perceived, in several instances, female participation in apparently male activities (Faithorn, Feil), and in another instance, female autonomy deriving from women's ability to circumvent male political advantage and denigrating gender ideology (Strathern). The Lowlands ethnographers identified a male-female complementarity produced by equal but different gendered interests and powers (Weiner, Errington and Gewertz). More recently, ethnographers (e.g., Strathern) have adopted a highly culturally relativist perspective, invoking indigenous meanings and symbolisms, and bypassing the evidence of what appears to anthropologists as "domination" (e.g., the existence of denigrating ideology, women's lack of political and property rights, violence perpetrated by men against women). These interpretations suggest that "domination" is a cultural construction dependent on the definition of person. In addition, gender ideology is considered to be a symbolic code that serves as a moral evaluation of social behaviours. Thus, the devaluation of "femaleness", while passing judgement on certain forms of social action, does not enact the denigration or the domination of women. In contrast, neo-marxist ethnographers in the 1980's (Josephides, Godelier) rely on Western-based definitions of person and domination, and imply that these and the concept of appropriation (of property or products of labour and of the qualities of persons) are cross-culturally applicable. They argue that Highland women were indeed dominated and that this domination was an independent and observable reality. Both recent views of the status of Highland women (symbolic and neo-marxist) are limited. While the symbolic studies suggest an indigenous model of culture as mental structure, the neo-marxist studies suggest an anthropological model of power, control and domination. In the conclusion of the thesis I suggest that anthropologists must devote less attention to apparently permanent ideological or material structures and states of inequality or fixed status, and greater attention to the processes of domination and of women's contestation, taking women's own perspectives into account. Arts, Faculty of Anthropology, Department of Graduate

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Tatour, Lana. "Domination and resistance in liberal settler colonialism : Palestinians in Israel between the homeland and the transnational." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/93309/.

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This thesis explores native resistance to settler colonialism through its focus on the ’48 Palestinians (also known as the Palestinian citizens of Israel). It innovatively brings together postcolonial theory and settler colonial studies to explore the racialised, ethnicised, gendered and sexualised dimensions of settler colonial violence, how these shape native modalities of resistance and subordination, and the ways in which the transnational is imbricated within these processes. The thesis undertakes two case studies – on the Palestinian Bedouin struggle for land rights and on the Palestinian queer movement – drawing upon archival research, other primary texts and ethnographic exploration. The case studies are interrogated in relation to the liberal-nationalist framework that dominates ’48 Palestinian discourse and resistance. The thesis radically critiques the frameworks of ethnocracy, ethnonationalism and minority studies that have been most prevalent in earlier research on ’48 Palestinians. Instead, this study builds on an understanding of resistance as diagnostic of power (Abu-Lughod 1990). It argues that the resistance of Palestinians in Israel is diagnostic of the structure of Israel as a liberal settler state, and unfolds in relation to the liminal positionality of ’48 Palestinians between (semi)liberal citizenship and colonial subjecthood. It further argues that the subjectivities and modalities of resistance of ’48 Palestinians are shaped through the racialising logics of settler colonialism, and the intersectionalities of these logics with ethnicity, gender and sexuality. Through the focus in the two case studies on indigeneity (and the fetishisation of the indigenous subject as premodern) and LGBT rights (and the folding of queer subjects into modernity), the thesis further suggests that the resistance of ’48 Palestinians is also shaped in complex and ambivalent ways by their ongoing encounters with the liberal frameworks of multiculturalism and human rights. The case studies illuminate that while these frameworks can serve as vehicles for empowerment, they can also reproduce the racialising logics of settler colonialism and further its entrenchment. This means that ’48 Palestinians constantly (re)negotiate their identities, their struggles and their political agendas within multiple circuits of power. The ambivalence of the encounter with the liberal settler state, as inclusionary and exclusionary, and human rights, as empowering and oppressive, produces native resistance to settler colonialism to be shaped and reshaped by competing political projects and hybrid modalities of resistance that include practices of self-essentialising, Bhabian notions of resistance as subversion, and a Fanonian politics of rejection as both pedagogy and a political imperative. The thesis concludes that the mobilisation of a more radical vision of decolonisation requires transcendence of both liberal settler colonialism and the liberal politics of human rights.

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Axelsson, Lina, and Malin Eriksson. "Bevakningsbranschen, en bransch för alla? -En kvalitativ studie om väktare och ordningsvakters upplevelser och förståelse av kön i en mansdominerad bransch." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-92444.

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The purpose of this essay is to investigate the importance of gender in the security guard occupation and also to investigate what gender-marked notions about the security industry that exist among the respondents. Furthermore, the purpose is to investigate the respondents' experience of the impact that gender has on the working group. Previous research on police officers shows that within the police force there are perceptions of how one should be and act that are related to notions of the biological sex. Furthermore, research shows that the ideal of masculinity is central to the profession, as there are preconceived notions that a police officer needs to have certain masculine qualities. Through six qualitative semi-structured interviews, we examined the respondents' experience of the importance of gender in their work as security guards as well as for the working group. We also examined the respondents' perceptions of the industry. The results show that all respondents have a positive image of the profession, where they are treated with respect regardless of gender. Some respondents describe that each gender has certain characteristics that distinguish them, but that it does not affect how well they can perform their work. Furthermore, it appears that all respondents' see the profession of security guards as a masculine industry. On the other hand, it is not masculine qualities that are described that are necessary in the profession. Rather softer qualities such as empathy are described as necessary. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka vilken betydelse som väktare och ordningsvakter upplever att kön har i deras arbete och hur det påverkar arbetsgruppen, samt undersöka vilka genusmärkta föreställningar som finns bland respondenterna om branschen i sin helhet. Tidigare forskning om poliser visar att det inom poliskåren finns uppfattningar om hur man bör vara och agera som är kopplade till föreställningar om det biologiska könet. Vidare visar forskningen att maskulinitetsideal är centralt inom yrket, då det finns förutfattade meningar om att en polis behöver ha vissa maskulina egenskaper. Genom sex kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer har vi undersökt respondenternas upplevelse av betydelsen av kön i arbetet som ordningsvakt och väktare, liksom köns inverkan på arbetsgruppen samt undersöka respondenternas föreställningar om branschen. Resultatet visar att samtliga respondenter har en positiv bild av yrket, där man behandlas med respekt oavsett kön. Vissa respondenter beskriver att respektive kön har vissa egenskaper som utmärker dem, men att det inte är något som påverkar hur väl de kan utföra sitt arbete. Vidare framkommer det också att samtliga respondenter sett branschen som maskulint förknippad, men när respondenterna beskriver de egenskaperna som anses som nödvändiga och fördelaktiga i yrket är det snarare mjukare egenskaper som beskrivs exempelvis inkännande och empati som nämns.

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Barnett, Ashley. "Prudery and Perversion: Domination of the Sexual Body in Middle-Class Men, Women, and Disenfranchised Bodies in Victorian England." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3172.

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This research argues that with the rise of the middle-class, Victorian England saw the development of a power model in which middle-class men, middle-class women and disenfranchised bodies of children and lower-class women suffered from the demands of bodily domination. Because the bodily health of middle-class men was believed to represent national health, it was imperative that he dominate his body, particularly with regard to sexual urges. Consequently, the bodies of women with whom he sought sexual release suffered from forms of bodily domination as well. Through an analysis of journals and private writings of those living in Victorian England, magazines, books, and advisory texts published during the nineteenth century, and philosophical interpretations of Victorian sexuality by historians, an image emerges in which Victorian sexuality is categorized by the need to dominate the body.

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Migoyan, Janet. "Sexual Domination: Colonial Guilt and Postcolonial Hatred in J. M. Coetzee's Disgrace." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för språkstudier, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184168.

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J.M. Coetzee’s Disgrace was published during a defining moment in South African history in 1999. Five years earlier Nelson Mandela had been elected president after the first general election. The healing process in a country divided by race and a history marked by racial crimes, committed under long time by collective actions of many generations of colonizers, was a decisive historical necessity. Disgrace illustrates the economical and emotional mechanisms of sexual exploitation of women in post-apartheid South African society. Those socioeconomic mechanisms are fueled by postcolonial hate, making the reconciliation process difficult in the new democracy. The aim of this bachelor project is to show how Coetzee’s Disgrace contextualizes the collective humanitarian guilt and disgrace caused by sexual oppression of woman and illustrates the challenges that post-apartheid South Africa faces to reconcile with the racial crimes committed during apartheid when sexual crimes continue under the historical shadow of colonial power and postcolonial hatred.

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Safranoff, Yankillevich Ana. "Analysing gender power relations through intermarriage in Spain." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/286737.

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Esta tesis analiza la interacción entre las desigualdades de género y la inmigración mediante el estudio de las diferencias de género en los matrimonios mixtos en España. La pregunta de investigación principal de la tesis es por qué las mujeres inmigrantes se casan con hombres españoles en mayor número que los hombres inmigrantes. Los resultados muestran que las teorías clásicas que se han utilizado para explicar los matrimonios mixtos y, más específicamente, las diferencias de género en dichos matrimonios, sólo pueden explicar de forma limitada este fenómeno. A diferencia del caso de los hombres inmigrantes en el pasado, en la España contemporánea la mayor propensión de las mujeres inmigrantes a casarse con hombres españoles no puede considerarse como un indicador de un mayor nivel de integración en la sociedad de acogida sino, más bien, como un signo de una forma diferente de integración. De hecho, los resultados sugieren que, en gran parte, las mujeres inmigrantes se casan con más frecuencia que los hombres debido a que son más atractivas para un tipo de hombre español con un perfil cultural tradicional que concibe el rol de la mujer como subordinado al del hombre. This dissertation seeks to expand and refine our understanding of the interaction between immigrant and gender inequalities. This objective is achieved by analysing gender differences in intermarriage in Spain. The main research question of this thesis is why immigrant women intermarry with Spanish natives in larger numbers than immigrant meno The results of the dissertation show that the classical theories that have been used to explain intermarriage and, more specifically, gender differences in intermarriage, can only Iimitedly explain women's surplus in intermarriage in Spain. Differently from the case of immigrant men in the past, immigrant women 's higher propensity to intermarry in contemporary Spain cannot be simplistically considered an indicator oftheir higher levels of integration in the host society, but rather a sign of a different form of integration. In fact, the results suggest that immigrant women intermarry more often than men largely because they are more attractive to a type of Spanish native man with a traditional cultural profile that considers women's role to be subordinated to men.

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Olsson-Steel, Margareta. "Gender relations among the Limbu of eastern Nepal /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09aro52.pdf.

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Skelton, Tracey Lynn. "Women, men and power : gender relations in Montserrat." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/297.

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This thesis draws on and informs feminist theory and Caribbean studies and is concerned with investigating the particular form of gender relations in Montserrat. Gender relations are conceptualised as power relations between men and women. This argument is derived from an exploration of the possibilities and limitations of a range of feminist literature: marxist feminism, socialist feminism, women's studies, feminist geography, radical feminism and the studies of women and development. The gender relations in Montserrat are explored in four areas of social organisation: the household, the workplace, union patterns and heterosexual behaviour. They are seen as universal features of women's lives and, potentially, the main sites of gender relations. Montserratian gender relations were found to be patriarchal, but varied in strength within the four social areas. The household per se was not a site of patriarchal gender relations unless shared with a male partner. The workplace did not exhibit patriarchal gender relations. Gender relations in marriage and cohabiting unions were strongly patriarchal; those in visiting unions were either egalitarian or weakly patriarchal. Heterosexual behaviour, involving sexuality and biological reproduction, was identified as the main site of the maintenance and reproduction of patriarchal gender relations in Montserrat. Montserratian gender relations are shown to be broadly similar to those of the Caribbean generally; but there are exceptions. Very low levels of marriage and cohabitation mean that household gender relations are less patriarchal than in other islands. In comparison with other Caribbean islands, where MNCs, law wages, strict gender segregation and a lack of employment legislation prevail, Montserratian women experience higher wages, job security and greater employment opportunities. The Montserratian workplace, therefore, cannot be seen as a site of patriarchal gender relations. However, as is commonplace throughout the Caribbean, union patterns, specifically marriage and cohabitation, and heterosexual behaviour are sites of patriarchal gender relations.

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Shaw, Sally A. "The construction of gender relations in sport organisations." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/4195.

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Wright, Caroline. "Unemployment, migration and changing gender relations in Lesotho." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393340.

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Davies, Ann. "Changing gender relations in six Don Juan plays." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286599.

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Ali, Emua. "Somali women in London : education and gender relations." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10018889/.

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This thesis explores the impact of education levels on the social changes experienced by Somali women migrants to Britain, in particular attitudes towards changes in gender relations. The original hypothesis was that the higher the level of education the greater the degree of empowerment, other research and policy having linked education to women's autonomy and emancipation. Somali women in general have low levels of education and most did not speak English upon arrival in Britain. A sample of 50 Somali women aged from 16 to over 50 with a variety of education levels ranging from no formal education to higher education levels was selected and studied using a variety of qualitative methods. These included participant observation within the community by attending social events; group interviews; and indepth interviews conducted in Somali and English using a semi-structured questionnaire. During the study the following areas were explored: gender equality, education, employment, marriage, divorce, health, housing, immigration, social security, religion, culture, and the family. Somalis are Muslims and their lifestyle is influenced by Islam especially in the areas of gender relations, marriage and divorce. The study found that contrary to the original hypothesis, Somali women with higher education levels had a mo re conservative approach to gender equality and women's empowerment than less educated women. All the women believed education could provide a route to skilled employment and empowerment. The educated women gave more credence to the Somali community's perceptions of their behaviour and followed religious precepts on gender relations rather than the pursuit of their own empowerment and autonomy. Women with less education felt able to file for divorce if their husbands were not living up to their part of the marriage contract. The key finding was that economic independencer ather than level of educationw as the main key to women's empowerment.

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Piasecka-Till, Aleksandra. "Power and gender relations in brazilian television interviews." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 1994. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/157859.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-08T18:50:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 95699.pdf: 33951188 bytes, checksum: 02b8c26abd7ebe241ca53d7982351fc0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1994 Com o propósito de detectar e expor as relações desiguais de poder causadas pela discriminação sexista, investigo dez entrevistas da televisão brasileira. As entrevistas pertencem a dois programas populares "Cara a Cara" e "Jô Soares Onze e Meia", foram vídeo gravadas, e depois gravadas em fitas cassetes. Para a análise lingüística dos dados obtidos através de transcrição, foi usada a abordagem do Estudo Crítico da Linguagem (Fairclough 1989 e 1992), que leva em conta as características textuais junto com elementos contextuais. Foram analisadas as formas de tratamento usadas por mulheres e homens, assim como as escolhas de termos feitas por mulheres e homens para classificar uns aos outros. Os tópicos desenvolvidos nas entrevistas também foram investigados. Os resultados do estudo confirmam que no Brasil, uma sociedade de classe capitalista, o discurso da televisão diferenciando as mulheres lingüisticamente reproduz as relações de dominação existentes. Adicionalmente, foi mostrado que modelo de análise de Fariclough, originalmente elaborado para o inglês, se aplica ao português.

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England, Kim V. L. "Gender relations and the suburbanization of clerical work /." The Ohio State University, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487592050227158.

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Queiroz, Helenice Nolasco. "Desirable relations: diaspora and gender relations in Bharati Mukherjee's Jasmine and "Desirable daughters." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/ECAP-8G2KW8.

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The globalized and transnational world of contemporary times is marked by the movement of people, goods and information around the world which is defined by Spivak as the new diaspora. In literary works, one of the first writers to discuss such phenomena is the Indian-born writer Bharati Mukherjee. In her works, the writer usually portrays women who leave India in order to settle in North America. Several critics have examined a variety of topics such as immigration, violence and culture clash in the writer's novels and short stories. Critics do not commonly investigate, however, the relationship between contemporary diaspora and gender in Mukherjee's writings. In this thesis, I analyze two of Mukherjee's novels, Jasmine and Desirable Daughters, to prove my hypothesis that the women characters undergo a major change in the way they develop their gender relations mainly as a consequence of their diasporic experience. I investigate each woman character's process of leaving India Jasmine's, Tara's and Padma's and relocating themselves in the United States and their consequent subversion of the gender roles of daughter, sister, mother, wife and widow. I discuss the women character's complex position as subjects in-between cultures and their exposition to new behaviors in their host-land as a way of trying to comprehend their reaction to the liberal and so-called feminist ideas that they encounter in their new homes. I also compare and contrast their experiences of migration as they are marked by issues of gender, class, caste, education and are connected to the types of transgression they are capable of enacting. Finally, I analyze the characters' perceptions of home and investigate how their displacements at home and away from home are also responsible for their disruptive attitudes. My work is informed by the critical framework of postcolonial, diaspora and feminist literary studies and aims to highlight the role of women in the new diaspora. My analysis of Mukherjee's women characters fits into such approaches as it focuses on the importance of gender in literary works that are set in diasporic contexts. O mundo transnacional e globalizado dos tempos atuais é caracterizado pelo intenso movimento de pessoas, produtos e informação descrito por Spivak como a nova diáspora. Na literatura, uma das primeiras autoras a retratar tal fenomeno foi a escritora Bharati Mukherjee. Em seus romances, a autora nascida na Índia frequentemente retrata estórias de mulheres que abandonam o país de origem para se estabelecerem em países da América do Norte. Vários críticos têm examinado tópicos como imigração, violência e choque cultural presente nos contos e romances da escritora. Tais críticos normalmente não discutem, contudo, a relação entre gênero e diáspora nos trabalhos de Mukherjee. Nesta dissertação, analizo dois des seus romances, Jasmine e Desirable Daughters a fim de provar minha hipótese de que as personagens femininas sofrem uma significativa transformação em suas relações de gênero principalmente como consequência de suas experiências diaspóricas. Investigo os processos pelos quais Jasmine, Tara e Padma deixam a Índia e se fixam nos Estados Unidos e suas consequentes subversões dos papéis de gênero de filha, irmã, mãe, esposa e viúva. Discuto a complexa posição de entre-lugar entre culturas ocupada pelas personagens e sua exposição a novas possibilidades de padrões de comportamento no país de destino para compreender o modo como reagem às chamadas idéias liberais e feministas que elas encontram nos EUA. Também comparo e contrasto suas experiências de migração que são marcadas por questões de gênero, classe, casta e educação e as relaciono com as formas de transgressão que elas são capazes de cometer. Finalmente, analizo as diferentes percepções de "lar" das personagens e investigo como seus deslocamentos ocorridos dentro e a partir do "lar" são responsáveis por suas atitudes disruptivas. Meu trabalho se baseia na crítica postcolonial, diaspórica e feminista e tem o objetivo de enfatizar o papel da mulher na nova diáspora. Minha análise das personagens femininas da autora se encaixa nessa perspectiva que enfoca a importância das questões de gênero em obras literárias que se passam em contextos diaspóricos.

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Paxton, Rae-Julie. "Adolescent girls living in Rustenburg : gender roles, gender relations and future expectations as women." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50247.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2005. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Arguing from a social constructionist perspective and using a qualitative methodology the aim of the present study was to explore different dimensions of gender amongst a group of adolescent girls between the ages of 14 and 18 years living in Rustenburg, South Africa. More specifically it explores and describes the following aspects of gender amongst these girls: (a) how young adolescent girls living in Rustenburg perceive gender roles in general and how they perceive their own roles in particular (b) their gender relations with other adolescents and (c) their views on and expectations of the future as women. The rationale for selecting Rustenburg as the geographical area of research is due to its semi-rural location. While rural communities are generally perceived to be more conservative than urban areas they do not escape modernizing influences such as the mass media. An underlying theme of the present study is thus to ascertain whether or not the girls in Rustenburg still have relatively conservative perceptions regarding gender. The fmdings of the present study reveal that the participants have broken away from conforming to traditional roles assigned to women and would like to combine new modem roles with existing traditional roles. It is also clear that the mass media has a considerable influence in this regard. According to the respondents society values .a woman that can succeed in being a good mother, wife and home-keeper as well as being a career woman. Most of the participants want to fulfil these multiple roles. The advantages of being career women, according to these participants, are that such women are independent and fmancially self-reliant. Regarding gender relations, friendships with girls and boys are of equal importance to the respondents. On the one hand sufficient common ground exists to interact comfortably with boys, while on the other hand interacting with boys is seen as useful in obtaining insight into the life world of boys. However, a general opinion held by the girls is that they feel more comfortable to discuss more personal and intimate topics with their girl friends. Relationships with younger girls and factors influencing popularity among girls were also explored as themes. Future expectations that are shared by participants are that they would like to complete their school education and attend a technikon or university to further their education. Their future career expectations cover a wide range of occupational choices. Most of the participants want to get married in future - the ages varying between 25 and 30. They would also like to have children but only once they have established a good career. Their main concerns for the future are whether or not there will be job opportunities for them in the careers that they want to pursue. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie was om ondersoek in te stel na die volgende aspekte van 'n veelrassige groep adolessente meisies in Rustenburg se opvattings m.b.t. gender: (a) hul opvattings oor genderrolle in die algemeen en hul eie rolle in besonder; (b) hul genderverhoudings met ander adolessente; en (c) hul sienings oor en verwagtings van die toekoms. Die studie is gegrond in 'n sosiaal-konstruksionistiese perspektief en het gebruik gemaak van 'n kwalitatiewe metodologie. Indiwiduele onderhoude sowel as fokusgroepsessies is onderneem met 10 meisies tussen die ouderdomme van 14 en 18 jaar. Rustenburg is as geografiese area gekies weens die semi-landelike aard van die gemeenskap. Alhoewel landelike gemeenskappe dikwels as meer konservatief beskou word as stedelike areas spring hul nie moderniserende invloede soos die massamedia vry nie. 'n Onderliggende tema van die studie was dus on te bepaal of die meisies in Rustenburg not steeds relatief konserwatiewe genderopvattings het. Die studie het bevind dat respondente nie meer volledig konformeeraan tradisionele rolle wat aan vroue toegeskryf word nie en graag nuwe moderne rolle wil kombineer met bestaande tradisionele rolle. Dit is ook duidelik dat die massamedia 'n groot invloed het in hierdie verband. Volgens die respondente word 'n vrou wat suksesvol is as goeie moeder, eggenoot en tuisteskepper sowel in 'n loopbaan hoog gewaardeer. Die meerderheid van die respondente wil hierdie meervoudige rolle vervul. Volgens die respondente is die voordeel van 'n loopbaan vir vroue daarin geleë dat hulle onafhanklik en fmansieël selfonderhoudend kan wees. Met betrekking tot genderverhoudings is bevind dat vriendskappe met meisies en seuns ewe belangrik is vir die respondent. Aan die een kant bestaan daar voldoende gemeenskaplike belangstellings om gemaklik met seuns te kommunikeer, terwyl interaksie met seuns aan die ander kant ook nuttige insigte bide in die leefwêreld van seuns. Die algemene mening van die meisies is egter dat hul meer op hul gemak voel om persoonlike en intieme sake met hul meisievriende te bespreek. Daar is ook ondersoek ingestel na die verhoudings met jonger meisises sowel as faktore wat die gewildheid van meisies bepaal. 'n Gemeenskaplike toekomsverwagting van die respondente is dat hulle hul skoolopleiding wil voltooi en daarna tersiêre opleiding aan 'n universiteit of technikon wilondergaan. Hulle het egter uiteenlopende loopbaanverwagtings. Die meerderheid wil in die toekoms in die huwelik tree - met ouderdomme wat wissel tussen 25 en 30. Hulle wilook kinders hê, maar slegs nadat hul gevestig is in 'n goeie loopbaan. 'n Belangrike besorgdheid oor die toekoms is egter of daar voldoende werksgeleenthede sal wees in die loopbane wat hul wil volg.

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Sengul, Irem. "The Lebanese-syrian Relations Between 1989-2005: The Changes And Continuities." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613456/index.pdf.

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The objective of this thesis is to analyze the bilateral relations between Lebanon and Syria between the years 1989-2005. In the defined time period, the Lebanese-Syrian relations were characterized by the establishment and fall of the Syrian domination over Lebanon. This study focuses on this transformation in their relations and mainly questions how the Lebanese-Syrian relations were transformed, how it affected and in turn were affected by the broader regional setting. Accordingly, the thesis is consistent of four main parts. In each historically divided time period, the major determinants of the direction of their relations and the changes and continuities in regard to these determinants are investigated. In the first part, the study focuses on the historical evolution of their relations with due attention to the dispatchment of Lebanon from Greater Syria and post-independence period. In the second part, their relations are analyzed in the era of Lebanese civil war which also signifies the beginning of active and effective Syrian involvement in Lebanese affairs. The third part encompasses the period of unquestioned Syrian domination over Lebanon in the post-civil war period up until the year 2000. In the fourth part, the changes in the direction of their relations studied in relate to the role of changing international and regional environment in affecting their relations.

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Piscevic, Alexandre. "Les États-Unis entre globalisation et domination géopolitique : idéologies et stratégies de puissance post-guerre froide : le cas des Balkans (1990-2010)." Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100115.

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La chute du mur de Berlin marque un tournant dans l’histoire et le début d’une nouvelle ère. La fin de la guerre froide et d’une bipolarité antagoniste permet la réalisation d’une vision globale d’ordre géoéconomique et géopolitique. Devenus une hyperpuissance globale, sans partenaire d’une puissance comparable, les États-Unis s’imposent durant cette période comme le leader naturel de la communauté internationale. Leur puissance hégémonique, en termes économiques, politiques, militaires et culturels, leur permet d’asseoir un nouvel ordre mondial. Cette période est également marquée par un incessant interventionnisme, sous des prétextes humanitaires ou sécuritaires, dans des régions de transit ou de production de ressources naturelles ou énergétiques vitales pour le maintien et le développement d’une société hautement technologique. C’est le cas, entre autres, dans les Balkans, au Moyen-Orient et en Asie Centrale. Le facteur stratégique est donc intégré à l’expression de l’intérêt national et de la politique étrangère des Etats-Unis. Cette étude examine la montée de l’hégémonisme états-unien post-guerre froide. En guise d’exemple, cet hégémonisme est analysé dans le cas des interventions politiques et militaires états-uniennes dans les Balkans principalement dans la période 1990-2010, caractérisée par la disparition et la parcellarisation d’une entité géopolitique importante en Europe, la Yougoslavie, et l’établissement, tel un nouveau rideau de fer, d’une présence militaire états-unienne durable de la Baltique aux Balkans et dans tout le pourtour eurasien The fall of the Berlin wall marks a dramatic historical change and the beginning of a new era. The end of the cold war and a of confrontational bipolarity makes the realisation of a global geoeconomic and geopolitical vision possible. Having achieved the status of a global and lone superpower, without any partner of comparable power, the United States impose themselves as the natural leader of the international community. Their hegemonic power, in economic, political, military and cultural terms, allows for the emergence of a new world order. This period is also marked by a constant humanitarian or security interventionism in regions of transit or production of natural energy resources which are vital for the sustainment and development of a highly technological society. This is the case, among others, in the Balkans, in the Middle East and in Central Asia. The strategic factor is thus integrated to the expression of the national interest and American foreign policy. This study examines the rise of post-cold war United States hegemonism. As a case in point, this hegemonism is analysed through political and military interventionism in the Balkans mainly during the 1990-2010 period, characterized by the disappearance of an important geopolitical entity in Europe, namely Yugoslavia, and the establishment, as some sort of a new iron curtain, of a lasting United States military presence from the Baltic to the Balkans and in all around Eurasia

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Khouangvichit, Damdouane. "Socio-Economic Transformation and Gender Relations in Lao PDR." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-33937.

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The aim of this study is to examine socio-economic transformation and gender relations in Lao PDR after the adoption of economic liberalization by the Lao government in the late 1980s. Against a background of general socio-economic transformation in Laos the main focus of the study is on the local level, with emphasis on how people in their everyday lives have engaged with and handled the changes. The application of economic liberalization shaped new conditions for people in local communities, and various livelihoods strategies were adopted under the new circumstances. The study examines gender relations, livelihoods and actors of change in two different contexts of globalization. The first context is the case of foreign direct investment in the Sepone mine, the largest gold-copper mine in the country located in Vilabury district, Savannakhet province. Five villages located close to the mine and directly affected by the operation were chosen as research site. The second case is the context of international tourism development in the small town of Vang Vieng, situated halfway between Vientiane Capital and the world heritage town of Luangprabang. The purpose with the two case studies is to examine how changes take place in different places of the same country under the same political direction and development policy. The study is inspired by theories of space and place and the view that phenomena are place-based and different places are constituted by different socio-spatial relations. The findings show that profound changes took place both in the economic and social-cultural spheres, including in gender relations. The two contexts experienced different processes of changes: in the context of Vilabury district, the transformation was produced through top-down development and created a dependency pattern where new social inequalities and social stratification emerged through unequal access to the new resources of the villagers. In the context of Vang Vieng and the expansion of international tourism, the development process proceeded more through a bottom-up pattern; the villagers perceived they were important actors of development, had more equal access to resources and could define livelihood strategies by themselves.

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Högberg, Alexander. "Dowry and Microcredit : Effects on gender relations in Bangladesh." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för kultur och kommunikation, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-80719.

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This study examines what effects dowry has on the gender relations in the Savar area outside of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The collection of data was made through fieldwork on sight in Savar, with the help of ADESH, during a two month period, in the spring of 2012. Almost twenty interviews were made out in villages with female members of ADESH who told me of how dowry and their participation in ADESH’s activities affected their lives. A few interviews were also made in ADESH’s own office with employees to gain a deeper understanding of the women’s life situation and the work of ADESH. The focus of this thesis is on analysing how dowry affects different aspects of the society in Savar and how this affects the gender relations. In this thesis I will also examine how ADESH is conducting their work and what activities they offer their members. The conclusion of my study is in short that dowry seems to have a large impact on many aspects of the women’s lives and that the actions that are taken to decrease and remove gender differences might not always work as intended, this does however not mean that they are without effect.

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Redhead, Robin. "Reading the Visual : Gender, Human Rights and International Relations." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508986.

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Brickell, Katherine A. "Gender relations in the Khmer 'home' : post-conflict perspectives." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2007. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2956/.

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In the context of Cambodia's post-conflict society of transition, this thesis traces the changing contours of gender relations and inequalities in the Khmer 'home' and beyond. Drawing on 165 oral histories, discussion groups and semi-structured interviews, with men and women from rural and urban localities in Siem Reap, the thesis argues three main points. First, by examining the interplay and relative significance(s) of conflict and now global integration, the research demonstrates that while the Khmer Rouge period is an important and inherent part of the fabric of Cambodian history, using it as the major benchmark for tracking change fails to encapsulate the diversity of contemporary forces affecting gender relations. I argue that tourism-generated employment and the associated rise of livelihood-related migration is having just as significant an impact on intra-household (in) equality and the spatial dislocation of households. Second, despite the discourse of egalitarianism that the Khmer Rouge regime tried to enforce, I argue that Pol Pot did not manage to unseat persistent gender inequalities which continue to disadvantage women's lives. Combined with the persistence of normative meanings of 'gender' and 'home', I argue for the perspectives, roles and identities of men, and gendered power relations, to be the subject of greater academic and policy action. Third and finally, the thesis argues the utility of 'home' both as an empirical site and conceptual tool for understanding the nature, depth and resilience of gender inequality in discursive and pragmatic terms. The thesis concludes by emphasising the critical need for women's equality in the home to become an integral part of future international development agendas. This is particularly the case, if advances towards fulfilment of the Millennium Development Goals are to have a positive and meaningful impact on the lives of women in Cambodia, and in the Global South more generally.

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