Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Gamma-sterilization

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Gamma-sterilization”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 6 września 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Gamma-sterilization"

Wahjuningrum, Dian Agustin, Setyabudi Setyabudi, Darmawan Darwis i Andi Syahrimayani. "Determination of gamma radiation sterilization dose on bioceramic BCP-Sr-Ag as bone graft according to ISO 11137 standards". Conservative Dentistry Journal 13, nr 1 (3.08.2023): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/cdj.v13i1.2023.19-23.

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Background: BCP-Sr-Ag as a bone graft needs to be sterilized. One way of sterilization is to use gamma radiation. Sterilization by gamma radiation requires the correct sterilization dose. Based on ISO 11137 the determination of the sterilization dose through 3 steps: determination bioburden, determination of verification dose, and determination of sterilization dose. Purpose:Determination of gamma radiation sterilization dose on BCP-Sr-Ag bioceramic as bone graft based on ISO 11137 through determination bioburden, determination verification dose, and determination of sterilization dose. Method: A total 30 samples of 3 different batch BCP-Sr-Ag were determined for bioburden using TSA media. A total 100 samples of BCP-Sr-Ag were irradiated with a verification dose using cobalt-60 gamma source. The 100 samples then tested for sterilization using TSA media to determine the sterilization dose. Results: The average bioburden values of batches 1,2, and 3 were 56,8;61,8; and 60,5 CFU. The average value of the whole batch is 59,7 CFU. Based on ISO 11137, the verification dose is 7,4 kGy and the sterilization dose is 20,5 kGy. Conclusion: The average bioburden value of the entire batch was 59,7 CFU. The bioburden value used for verification dose determination is 64,22 CFU so the the gamma radiation sterilization dose is 20,5 kGy.

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Beerlage, Christiane, Bjoern Wiese, Annemie Rehor Kausch i Milorad Arsenijevic. "Change in Radiation Sterilization Process from Gamma Ray to X-ray". Biomedical Instrumentation & Technology 55, s3 (1.03.2021): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2345/0899-8205-55.s3.78.

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Abstract The terminal sterilization of sterile orthopedic implants is a key process that, in addition to providing sterility, changes the material properties of the product and packaging. These changes might be observed during functionality testing and/or biological evaluation. We are establishing an additional sterilization process that appears promising from both a technical and business perspective. Our project aims to add X-ray sterilization to the established gamma sterilization for metallic hip and shoulder implants. To limit complexity, we started with a narrow product range. The main steps of our project journey are described here. Given that X-ray sterilization remains relatively new in terms of understanding the changes that might occur for product materials and functionality compared with changes observed following gamma radiation processing, this article highlights key steps in the change from gamma ray to X-ray sterilization.

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Rojas-Rojas, Laura, Andrea Ulloa-Fernández, Silvia Castro-Piedra, Walter Vargas-Segura i Teodolito Guillén-Girón. "Evaluation of Biomechanical and Chemical Properties of Gamma-Irradiated Polycaprolactone Microfilaments for Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Applications". International Journal of Biomaterials 2022 (29.04.2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5266349.

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An appropriate and reliable sterilization technique is crucial for tissue engineering scaffolds. Skeletal muscle scaffolds are often fabricated using microfilaments of a wide variety of polymers. One method for sterilization is 25 kGy of gamma irradiation. In addition, sterilization through irradiation should administer a dose within a specific range. Radiation directly affects the chemical and mechanical properties of scaffolds. The accuracy and effects of irradiation are often not considered during sterilization procedures; however, these are important since they provide insight on whether the sterilization procedure is reliable and reproducible. This study focused on the chemical and mechanical characterization of 25 kGy gamma-irradiated scaffold. The accuracy and uncertainty of the irradiation procedure were also obtained. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses were performed to determine whether the crystallinity of the polymer changed after irradiation and whether gamma rays influenced its thermal properties. The tensile parameters of the microfilaments were analyzed by comparing irradiated and nonirradiated scaffolds to determine whether gamma radiation changed their elastic behavior. Dose distribution and uncertainty were recorded with several dosimeters. The results showed that the irradiation process slightly affected the mechanical parameters of the scaffold; however, it did not modify its crystallinity or thermal properties. The irradiation was uniform, since the measured uncertainty was low. The scaffold was pathogen-free after 7 days; this meant sterilization was achieved. These results indicated that gamma-sterilized scaffolds were a promising material for use as a skeletal muscle analog material for tissue-engineering applications because they can be sterilized with gamma rays without changing their chemical structure and mechanical properties. This study provided the dose distribution measurement and uncertainty calculations for the sterilization procedure.

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White, J. M., H. E. Goodis, S. J. Marshall i G. W. Marshall. "Sterilization of Teeth by Gamma Radiation". Journal of Dental Research 73, nr 9 (wrzesień 1994): 1560–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345940730091201.

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Wolkers, W. F., N. Shah, M. Morrisey, B. Glasmacher, W. Q. Sun i J. C. Bischof. "Biological Scaffold Modifications by Gamma Sterilization". Chemie Ingenieur Technik 80, nr 9 (wrzesień 2008): 1288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.200750734.

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M’Bengue, Marie-Stella, Thomas Mesnard, Feng Chai, Mickaël Maton, Valérie Gaucher, Nicolas Tabary, Maria-José García-Fernandez, Jonathan Sobocinski, Bernard Martel i Nicolas Blanchemain. "Evaluation of a Medical Grade Thermoplastic Polyurethane for the Manufacture of an Implantable Medical Device: The Impact of FDM 3D-Printing and Gamma Sterilization". Pharmaceutics 15, nr 2 (30.01.2023): 456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15020456.

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Three-dimensional printing (3DP) of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is gaining interest in the medical industry thanks to the combination of tunable properties that TPU exhibits and the possibilities that 3DP processes offer concerning precision, time, and cost of fabrication. We investigated the implementation of a medical grade TPU by fused deposition modelling (FDM) for the manufacturing of an implantable medical device from the raw pellets to the gamma (γ) sterilized 3DP constructs. To the authors’ knowledge, there is no such guide/study implicating TPU, FDM 3D-printing and gamma sterilization. Thermal properties analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and molecular weights measured by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) were used as monitoring indicators through the fabrication process. After gamma sterilization, surface chemistry was assessed by water contact angle (WCA) measurement and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Mechanical properties were investigated by tensile testing. Biocompatibility was assessed by means of cytotoxicity (ISO 10993-5) and hemocompatibility assays (ISO 10993-4). Results showed that TPU underwent degradation through the fabrication process as both the number-averaged (Mn) and weight-averaged (Mw) molecular weights decreased (7% Mn loss, 30% Mw loss, p < 0.05). After gamma sterilization, Mw increased by 8% (p < 0.05) indicating that crosslinking may have occurred. However, tensile properties were not impacted by irradiation. Cytotoxicity (ISO 10993-5) and hemocompatibility (ISO 10993-4) assessments after sterilization showed vitality of cells (132% ± 3%, p < 0.05) and no red blood cell lysis. We concluded that gamma sterilization does not highly impact TPU regarding our application. Our study demonstrates the processability of TPU by FDM followed by gamma sterilization and can be used as a guide for the preliminary evaluation of a polymeric raw material in the manufacturing of a blood contacting implantable medical device.

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Gore, Damian B., i Ian Snape. "50 kGy of gamma irradiation does not affect the leachability of mineral soils and sediments". Powder Diffraction 29, S1 (30.10.2014): S40—S46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715614000918.

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Sterilization of soils and sediments can release them from quarantine restrictions. Gamma irradiation is effective at sterilization but can damage materials and in so doing affect their suitability for environmental research. Duplicate samples of a wide range of mineral soils and sediments were subject to an acetic acid extraction before and after 50 kGy gamma irradiation. This amount of gamma irradiation did not affect the leachability of a range of analytes from the soils and sediments.

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Girard-Perier, Nina, Sylvain R. A. Marque, Nathalie Dupuy, Blanche Krieguer i Samuel Dorey. "Gamma, E-Beam and X-ray Irradiations on PE/EVOH/PE Multilayer Film: An Industrial Point of View Regarding the Impact on Mechanical Properties". Polymers 15, nr 13 (24.06.2023): 2799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15132799.

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X-ray and electron-beam (E-beam) sterilization technologies were assessed to supplement gamma sterilization, the most common radiation technology used today for biopharmaceutical product sterilization. The mechanical properties of a PE/EVOH/PE film were studied using tensile tests and dynamical mechanical analysis after each irradiation technology (i.e., gamma, electron beam and X-ray irradiations). The effects of each irradiation were compared using two statistical methods. The results indicate that the three irradiation technologies induce no difference in mechanical properties in the investigated dose range for this material.

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Carvalho, Fabíola Galbiatti de, Suzana Beatriz Portugal de Fucio, Fernanda Miori Pascon, Kamila Rosamilia Kantovitz, Lourenço Correr-Sobrinho i Regina Maria Puppin-Rontani. "Effect of gamma irradiation on fluoride release and antibacterial activity of resin dental materials". Brazilian Dental Journal 20, nr 2 (2009): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402009000200006.

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This study evaluated the effect of gamma irradiation on fluoride release and antibacterial activity of FluroShield (FS) and Clearfil Protect Bond (CPB). Four groups were formed: G1-FS + gamma; G2-FS without gamma; G3-CPB + gamma; G4-CPB without gamma. For fluoride release analysis, 12 disks of each material were prepared and covered with nail polish, except for one side (50.4 mm² area). G1 and G3 were sterilized with a 14.5 KGy dose at 27ºC for 24 h, while G2 and G4 (controls) were not sterilized and were maintained under the same time and temperature conditions. Fluoride release measurements were made in duplicate (n=6) by an ion specific electrode. The antibacterial activity of the CPB and FS against Streptococcus mutans after gamma sterilization was evaluated by the agar-disc diffusion method. The diameter of the zones of microbial growth inhibition was recorded after 48 h. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=5%). Gamma sterilization decreased the fluoride release of FS by approximately 50%, while CPB was not affected. There was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) in the antibacterial effect of CPB between gamma and non-gamma sterilization groups. FS presented no antibacterial activity. Gamma irradiation decreased the fluoride release of FS, but did not affect the antibacterial activity of the studied materials.

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Bachtiar, T., I. Anas, A. Sutandi i Ishak. "The effect of Co-60 gamma rays irradiation on chemical properties of biofertilizer carrier material". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 951, nr 1 (1.01.2022): 012046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/951/1/012046.

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Abstract This study was conducted to test the method of sterilization using autoclave and Co-60 gamma rays irradiation on chemical properties changes of biofertilizer carriers (Jasinga Latosols, Pasar Jumat Latosols, compost, Rawa Pening peat, Kalimantan peat). This research was conducted in July 2016 to April 2017 at Center for the Application of Isotopes and Radiation National Nuclear Energy Agency (PAIR BATAN) laboratory and Ilmu Tanah Sumber Daya Lahan Insitut Pertanian Bogor (IPB) laboratory. The design used in this study is completely randomized design, with seven treatment and five replications. The treatments provided include the control (without sterilization), sterilization using autoclave, and sterilization using gamma ray of Co-60 with doses of 10 kilo Gray (kGy), 20 kGy, 30 kGy, 40 kGy and 50 kGy. The parameters observed in this research was available Mn2+, available Fe2+, available Zn2+, and effectiveness of sterilization method. This research also showed chemical character changes in materials as shown by Fouier-Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) spectra. The results showed that the methods sterilization was gave significant effect on pH changes, the levels of available P, the levels of available nitrates, available Mn2+, available Fe2+, and available Zn2+. Autoclave has led to a higher metal increase compared to Co-60 gamma irradiation. A dose of 30 kGy is an effective dose to sterilize the carriers material.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Gamma-sterilization"

TSAI, DAVID. "Aplicação da radiação por feixe de elétrons como agente esterilizante de microrganismos em substrato turfoso". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2006. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11407.

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IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

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Dux, Stephanie J. "The Effect of Gamma Radiation Sterilization on Yield Properties and Microscopic Tissue Damage in Dense Cancellous Bone". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1254317910.

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Shuster, Mark D. "Physical and Chemical Modifications of Free Radical Scavengers to Reduce their Radioprotective Potentials for Bacterial Agents". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1134418758.

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Khan, Brandon Sajad. "The Effects of Gamma (γ-) Sterilization on the Redox Stability, Minerology, and Physicochemical Properties of the Synthetic Iron Oxides Ferrihydrite, Lepidocrocite, and Goethite". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36519.

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Laboratory analyses were conducted on synthetic iron oxides to assess the use of gamma (γ-) irradiation as an efficient sterilization technique to remove microorganisms present in natural bacteriogenic iron oxides (BIOS) and to determine if the technique induces mineralogical changes within the Fe-rich minerals. Fe-oxides (ferrihydrite, lepidocrocite, and goethite) were synthesized with and without alginate (as a proxy for exopolysaccharides) and microbial reductions were carried out using the bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens CN32. A total of 18 Fe-oxide minerals were subjected to microbial reduction to assess redox stability, alteration due to varying levels of gamma irradiation (0, 5, and 28 kGy), and the addition of the exopolysaccharide alginate. Iron reduction rates varied for each Fe-oxide with faster Fe (III) reduction rates observed for the amorphous poorly-sorted 2-line ferrihydrite and slower Fe (III) reduction for the more crystalline Fe-oxides lepidocrocite and goethite. There was no significant impact to the Fe (III) reduction rates due to gamma irradiation (p> 0.05), which was confirmed using a t-test for statistical variance between gamma irradiated samples. However, the addition of alginate enabled lepidocrocite and goethite to achieve maximum Fe (III) reduction by an average of 7 days faster when compared to the Fe-oxides synthesized without the exopolysaccharide.

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FONTES, LUCIA da S. "Efeitos da radiacao gama do cobalto-60 nas fases do ciclo evolutivo de tribolium castaneum (Herbst.,1797) (Coleoptera-Tenebrionidae)". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 1994. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10354.

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IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

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SOUZA, MARIA D. C. A. de. "Efeito da radiacao gama sobre a aguardente de cana-de-acucar". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2000. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10801.

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IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

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OMI, NELSON M. "Geracao de um aplicativo para simulacao de doses em sistemas de irradiacao gama". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2000. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9280.

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IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

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SOARES, JOSE R. "Desenvolvimento de sistema para seguimento de produto e aquisicao de dados do processo de irradiacao em irradiadores de grande porte". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2010. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11531.

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Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

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Galante, Raquel. "Esterilização de hidrogéis para aplicações biomédicas". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9139/tde-13072017-164922/.

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A esterilidade é um requisito indispensável para a maioria dos biomateriais. Devido à sensibilidade dos hidrogéis, a sua esterilização apresenta-se como um desafio, sobretudo quando estão em causa nanoestruturas ou a presença de fármacos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar os principais efeitos de diversos métodos de esterilização nas propriedades de diferentes tipos de sistemas à base de hidrogel. Além dos métodos convencionais (calor húmido e radiação gama) foi aferida a aplicabilidade da esterilização por ozono, um processo que embora se revele recente e ainda em fase de desenvolvimento, não deixa, no entanto, de ser bastante promissor. Estudou-se uma formulação de hidrogel natural nanoparticulado à base de quitosano (nanogel), com um largo espectro de possíveis aplicações, e duas formulações de hidrogéis sintéticos para aplicações oftálmicas (modelos de lentes de contato convencional e da nova geração de silicone-hidrogel), com e sem fármacos incorporados. Avaliaram-se alterações nas principais propriedades vitais ao bom desempenho e integridade dos materiais. No caso do nanogel: tamanho médio de partícula, potencial zeta, índice de polidispersão, absorvância, morfologia, estrutura química e citotoxicidade. No caso dos hidrogéis sintéticos: intumescimento, propriedades ópticas, permeabilidade iónica, molhabilidade, morfologia e topografia, estrutura química, propriedades mecânicas, citotoxicidade e perfil de libertação dos fármacos. Para garantir a melhor eficácia dos métodos de esterilização, realizaram-se testes de esterilidade após a contaminação intencional das amostras com diferentes cargas dos respetivos indicadores biológicos. A esterilização por calor húmido revelou-se o método mais agressivo, no caso do nanogel, e o menos agressivo para os hidrogéis sintéticos, quer na presença quer na ausência de fármacos. Relativamente à irradiação gama, para o nanogel, verificou-se que a sua resistência à irradiação aumenta consideravelmente na presença de açucares protetores. Já os hidrogéis sintéticos mostram-se resistentes à técnica, apresentando sinais de degradação evidente apenas para a dose mais elevada (25 kGy). Na presença de fármacos, a irradiação gama mostrou-se inadequada devido à sensibilidade dos mesmos. Os resultados obtidos são promissores no que diz respeito à aplicabilidade da esterilização por ozono, tanto para o nanogel como para os hidrogéis sintéticos, sem fármacos incorporados. Os fármacos sofrem, na generalidade, degradação quando expostos a este agente oxidante. Em suma, face à evidente complexidade dos fatores envolvidos (e.g. natureza, composição e propriedades dos materiais, estabilidade dos fármacos, condições e parâmetros dos processos esterilização), torna-se difícil generalizar os efeitos e prever o resultado dos métodos de esterilização. A escolha do processo mais adequado deve, portanto, ser feita caso a caso.
Sterility is mandatory requirement for most biomaterials. Because of their known sensitivity, hydrogel sterilization poses as a challenge, particularly when it comes to nanostructures or when drugs are incorporated. The main goal of this work was to study the key effects of different sterilization methods on the properties of different types of hydrogel-based systems. In addition to the conventional methods (steam heat and gamma radiation) the applicability of a promising new ozone method was assessed. Two formulations of synthetic hydrogels for ophthalmic applications (representing conventional contact lenses and new generation silicone-hydrogel contact lens), unloaded and loaded with ophthalmic drugs, were studied; and a natural chitosan-based nanostructured hydrogel (nanogel), with a broad spectrum of possible applications. Changes in the essential properties were evaluated. For synthetic hydrogels: swelling, optical properties, ionic permeability, wettability, morphology and topography, chemical structure, mechanical properties, cytotoxicity and drug release profile. For the nanogel: average particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, absorbance, morphology, chemical structure and cytotoxicity. In order to ensure the effectiveness of the sterilization methods, sterility tests were carried out after purposely contaminating the samples with different loads of biological indicators. Seam heat sterilization proved to be the most aggressive method for the nanogel, while being the least aggressive for the synthetic hydrogels in the presence and absence of drugs. Regarding gamma irradiation, the nanogel resistance to irradiation increased considerably in the presence of protective sugars. The synthetic hydrogels were resistant to this technique, showing signs of severe degradation only at the highest dose (25 kGy). In the presence of drugs, gamma irradiation proved to be inadequate due to drug degradation. The obtained results were encouraging with regard to the applicability of ozone sterilization for both the nanogel and the unloaded synthetic hydrogels. The drugs generally undergo degradation when exposed to this oxidizing agent. In view of the evident complexity of the factors involved (e.g. nature, composition and properties of materials, drug stability, conditions and parameters of sterilization processes), it is difficult to generalize the effects and predict the outcome of the sterilization methods. The selection of the most suitable procedure must be made on a case-by-case basis.

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Souza, Rafael Queiroz de. "Análise in vitro da toxicidade celular de tubos de PVC esterilizados consecutivamente em raios gama e óxido de etileno". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7139/tde-12082010-143158/.

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Em 1967, uma carta enviada ao British Medical Journal relatou que a re-esterilização em Óxido de Etileno (EO) do Cloreto de Polivinil (PVC) previamente gamairradiado forma grandes quantidades de etileno cloridrina, um composto altamente tóxico. Mesmo não apresentando dados mensurados, esta carta iniciou uma polêmica que até hoje divide a opinião de pesquisadores. Dirimir esta dúvida é relevante, uma vez que produtos de PVC esterilizados em Radiação Gama são habitualmente reesterilizados em EO em caso de vencimento do período de validade da esterilização, que é determinado pelo fabricante. Este estudo objetivou evidenciar a toxicidade de tubos de PVC por meio do teste de citotoxicidade pelo método da difusão em ágar em culturas celulares NCTC clone 929. Foram criados quatro grupos experimentais com 81 unidades de análise: G1, constituído de tubos in natura; G2 constituído de tubos esterilizados em Radiação Gama; G3 constituído de tubos esterilizados em EO e G4 constituído de tubos esterilizados em Raios Gama e re-esterilizados em Óxido de Etileno. Os testes foram realizados em triplicata e cada tubo foi testado de forma a representar as superfícies internas, externas e massa. Após a mensuração do halo incolor, as unidades de análise foram graduadas de acordo com os graus de reatividade biológica descritos na norma ISO 10993-5:2009. Foram consideradas citotóxicas apenas as unidades análise que obtiveram grau três ou acima. Os resultados revelaram toxicidade celular apenas no grupo G3, no qual foram observadas placas com morte de todas as células, fato que demandou repetições, conforme a metodologia adotada. Na primeira repetição houve persistência de unidades de análise capazes de causar a morte de todas as células da placa. Na segunda repetição, nenhuma unidade de análise foi classificada como citotóxica. Inferiu-se que houve falhas no processo de aeração no grupo G3 e na primeira repetição. O resultado da cromatografia gasosa dos grupos G3 e G4 atestou que os materiais de ambos os grupos estariam seguros para uso. O valor máximo dos resíduos encontrados em ambos os grupos foi idêntico, contradizendo os resultados do teste de citotoxicidade. Concluiu-se que, nas condições deste experimento, os materiais de PVC esterilizados em Radiação Gama e, consecutivamente, reesterilizados em EO não são citotóxicos e a cromatografia gasosa, utilizada isoladamente, pode produzir resultados questionáveis quanto à segurança dos materiais esterilizados em EO.
In 1967, a letter sent to the British Medical Journal reported that the re-sterilization with Ethylene Oxide (EtO) of previously irradiated Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) formed large amounts of ethylene chlorohydrin, a highly toxic compound. Even though it did not present measured data, this letter initiated a controversy that still divide the opinion of researchers to date. To solve this doubt is relevant, as PVC products submitted to gamma radiation are usually re-sterilized with EtO, when the sterilization validity has expired, which is determined by the manufacturer. The present study aimed at assessing the toxicity of PVC tubes through the cytotoxicity test, using the NCTC clone 929 cell culture agar diffusion test. Four experimental groups were created with 81 analysis units: G1, consisting of tubes in natura; G2, consisting of tubes submitted to gamma radiation; G3, consisting of tubes submitted to EtO sterilization and G4, consisting of tubes submitted to gamma-radiation and re-sterilized with EtO. The tests were carried out in triplicate and each tube was tested in order to represent its internal and external surfaces, as well as its mass. After the measurement of the colorless halo, the analysis units were graded according to the degrees of biological reactivity described in the ISO 10993-5:2009. Only the analysis units that were considered grade 3 and above were considered cytotoxic. The results showed evidence of cell toxicity only in G3, which disclosed plaques that presented death of all cells, a fact that necessitated repetition of the experiment, according to the adopted methodology. The first repetition showed the persistence of the analysis units to cause the death of all cells in the plaque. At the second repetition, none of the analysis units was classified as being cytotoxic. It was inferred that there were failures in the process of aeration in group G3 and in the first repetition. The results of the gas chromatography of groups G3 and G4 demonstrated that the materials from both groups would be safe for use. The maximum value of residues found in both groups was identical, in disagreement with the cytotoxicity test results. It was concluded that, according to the conditions of this experiment, the PVC materials submitted to gamma-radiation and consecutively sterilized by EtO are not cytotoxic and that the gas chromatography, when used alone, can yield debatable results regarding the safety of materials sterilized with EtO.

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Książki na temat "Gamma-sterilization"

Radiation sterilization for health care products: X-ray, gamma, and electron beam. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2002.

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Sterilization of Parenterals by Gamma Radiation: Technical Report 11. Parenteral Drug Assn, 1988.

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Fairand, Barry P. Radiation Sterilization for Health Care Products: X-Ray, Gamma, and Electron Beam. Taylor & Francis Group, 2001.

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Fairand, Barry P. Radiation Sterilization for Health Care Products: X-Ray, Gamma, and Electron Beam. Taylor & Francis Group, 2001.

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Guidelines for Gamma Radiation Sterilization: March 1991 Revision (St32-R-3/91). Assn for the Advancement of Medical, 1991.

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Fairand, Barry P. Radiation Sterilization for Health Care Products: X-Ray, Gamma, and Electron Beam. CRC, 2001.

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(Editor), Aziz Nather, norimah Yusof (Editor) i nazly Hilmy (Editor), red. Radiation in Tissue Banking: Basic Science and Clinical Applications of Irradiated Tissue Allografts. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2007.

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Części książek na temat "Gamma-sterilization"

Kawate, Kenji, Tetsuji Ohmura, Nobuyuki Hiyoshi, Hiroshi Nakajima, Yumiko Natsume, Tomohiro Teranishi, Susumu Tamai i Yukuo Nanzai. "Dynamic Viscoelasticity of Ultrahigh-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene After Ethylene Oxide Gas or Gamma-Irradiated Sterilization". W Joint Arthroplasty, 87–96. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68529-6_9.

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Silva Aquino, Ktia Aparecida da. "Sterilization by Gamma Irradiation". W Gamma Radiation. InTech, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/34901.

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Reid, Brian D., i Barry P. Fairand. "Gamma Radiation Sterilization of Pharmaceuticals". W Sterilization of Drugs and Devices, 311–92. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203738313-10.

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Yılmaz, Ahmet Hakan. "Nuclear Energy and Its Role in Daily Life". W Energy: Concepts and Applications, 287–326. Turkish Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53478/tuba.978-625-8352-00-9.ch05.

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The history of nuclear energy is the story of the centuries-old dream of humankind. The ancient philosophers first developed the idea that all matter is composed of particles called the atom, which means indivisible. At the end of the 19th century, scientists experimented to discover radioactivity and X-rays. In the 1900s, physicists learned that the atom contained a huge amount of energy. Nuclear energy has attracted the attention of all segments of society in the process that started with this process and continued with the disintegration of the atom in 1934. Naturally, nuclear studies, which first started for military purposes, have become an integral part of our lives at every stage from energy to medical applications, from smoke detectors to sterilization of foods, from semiconductor technology to archaeological age determination. In this chapter, we will give the description of the relationships and definitions the nuclear structure, nuclear radiation, alpha, beta particles and neutrons, gamma rays, and correlations and definitions of radioactivity. Then we explain fission and fusion. We will complete the chapter by giving nuclear energy and its applicationsin our daily lives.

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"GAMMA IRRADIATORS". W Radiation Sterilization for Health Care Products, 55–68. CRC Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482286205-11.

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Mavhunga, Clapperton Chakanetsa. "Attacking the Fly from Within: Parasitization and Sterilization". W The Mobile Workshop, 117–30. The MIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262535021.003.0006.

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This chapter discusses the method of killing the mhesvi from within its body. The argument made is that attacking mhesvi from within represents the applied value of the knowledge of mhesvi's bionomics and internal mobilities, both internally (nyongororo moving within its body) and in situations of intimacy (nuptial flights). The first section deals with research (from the 1920s to the 1970s) on parasitization—the destruction of the mhesvi through deliberately promoting the proliferation of nyongororo naturally found in its body. These hutachiwana either were naturally lethal to mhesvi or could be genetically engineered to be so. The second type of research focused on sterilizing the chipukanana through the capture and release of sterile males by means of chemical sterilants and gamma radiation.

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"was gathered in one stack, it would occupy a space of 1.25 m3, the size of a small office desk. AECL deposited and Nordion deposits radioactive waste material at their Chalk River disposal site. For transport from the supplier to the user (and back to the supplier when most of the source strength is exhausted) ^C o and I37Cs are shipped in special steel casks. These are designed to survive severe traffic accidents, fire, or other disasters. In order to minimize corrosion of cobalt pins or cesium capsules in the irradiation facility, the water of the source storage pool is constantly recirculated through a deionizer. A sensitive radiation monitor close to the deionizer is used to detect any radioactivity in case the water should be contaminated by a leak in the source. Nordion estimated in 1991 that 17 MCi of 60Co was in service worldwide, installed in 170 irradiators in 45 countries. Many of these facilities have been in operation for more than 20 years. They are mostly used for radiation sterilization of medical disposables, and only in some countries are they also used for irradiation of foodstuffs. Details on the design of various types of gamma irradiation facilities can be found in a number of review articles and book chapters ( -). Some of the earliest systematic studies on food irradiation were carried out with x-ray machines. X-rays are produced when matter is bombarded by electrons of sufficiently high kinetic energy. An x-ray tube (Fig. 5) consists basically of an evacuated glass bulb containing a wire filament which can be heated and opposite it a piece of metal, usually tungsten, which can be cooled. The filament is given a negative charge (cathode) and the metal a positive charge (anode, or anticathode). When the cathode filament is heated by passing an electric current through it, it emits electrons. When these hit the anode, x-rays are produced. The anode must be cooled because in a typical x-ray tube about 99% of the energy carried by the electrons may be converted to heat, and only about % appears in the form of". W Safety of Irradiated Foods, 36–37. CRC Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482273168-28.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Gamma-sterilization"

Garmon, Frank, William F. Michalek, Frank Noto i Robert Marsh. "Sterilization of Unibed® Multifiltration Media by Gamma Irradiation". W International Conference On Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/932045.

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Sawano, T., T. Murakami i Y. Sawae. "Evaluation of Wear Resistance of Cross-Linked Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene for Joint Prostheses in the Multi-Directional Pin-on-Plate Apparatus". W World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63656.

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Gamma irradiation is used as a sterilization method for joint prosthesis. For this procedure, gamma irradiation causes crosslinking of UHMWPE. Crosslinked UHMWPE molecules connect each other strongly. However gamma irradiation causes the reduction in mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation because primary chain scission occurrs. Therefore, excessive irradiation would cause some problems. We suggest the existence of the optimum dose for minimum wear and moderate reduction in tensile strength and elongation. Furthermore we indicate a mechanism of wear resistance of gamma irradiated UHMWPE.

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Kwon, Gun-Hyung. "Study on sterilization using gamma rays on Monochamus saltuarius(Coleptera: Cerambycidae)". W 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.114390.

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Kurtz, Steven M., Charles W. Jewett, Jude R. Foulds, Sanjeev Srivastav i Avram A. Edidin. "Small Punch Testing for Characterization of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Used in Total Joint Replacements". W ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-0351.

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Abstract Gamma sterilization results in temporally and spatially inhomogeneous density distributions through the thickness of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) components for total joint replacement [1]. Conventional approaches to estimate the through-thickness distribution of mechanical properties in total joint replacement components have relied on empirical correlations between local measurements of density and these properties [2].

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Kroc, Thomas. "GAMMA, E-BEAM & X-RAY RADIATION STERILIZATION EQUIVALENCY: RESULTS OF THE MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS". W GAMMA, E-BEAM & X-RAY RADIATION STERILIZATION EQUIVALENCY: RESULTS OF THE MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS. US DOE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1959821.

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Darwis, Darmawan, Farah Nurlidar, Basril Abbas, Yessy Warastuti, Fajar Lukitowati, Tantin Retno Dwijartini, Paramita Pandansari i in. "Determination of gamma radiation sterilization dose of nano-chitosan/cellulose microbial composite for splinting periodontal". W PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND APPLICATION 2020 (ICONSTA 2020). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0070320.

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Stolov, Andrei A., Adam S. Hokansson, Jie Li, Man F. Yan, William P. Smith i Jaehan Kim. "Effects of e-beam and gamma sterilization on attenuation of selected single-mode and mutimode optical fibers". W Optical Fibers and Sensors for Medical Diagnostics and Treatment Applications XIX, redaktor Israel Gannot. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2504519.

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Jedenmalm, Anneli, Walther Leardini, Mara Zavalloni i Saverio Affatato. "Effect of Head Surface Roughness and Sterilization Method on Wear of UHMWPE Acetabular Cups: Preliminary Hip Joint Simulator Results". W ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95512.

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More than one million hip joint replacements are performed each year in the world. However, the implants do not last forever due to material limitations, even though the operation is successful. The most common material combination used today is a CoCr head articulating against an UHMWPE (Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene) acetabular cup. Several investigations have shown that the metal head is roughened inside the body and thus accelerating wear of the polymer cup. The sterilization method is also known to have effect on the wear properties. In vitro wear tests are however usually performed with as new implants. This investigation aimed at study the impact of head surface roughness on wear of both sterilized and non-sterilized acetabular cups. A total of nine acetabular cup and head pairs were wear tested in a hip joint simulator for 2Million cycles (Mc) with bovine calf serum as lubricant. Wear was determined by weighing of all cups. The heads were of CoCrMo and the average initial head surface roughness was 15nm (Ra), measured with a white light interference profilometer. The roughening was produced with a SiC paper producing circular multidirectional wear tracks to a surface roughness of about 400nm (Ra). The cups were of UHMWPE and the sterilized cups were 3Mrad gamma-radiated in nitrogen. The surface roughness after wear test was unchanged for the roughened heads, while the initially smooth heads were slightly roughened. Preliminary results show that the rough heads increase the wear of the cups 2-fold. The γ-irradiation affected both wear- and soak rate.

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Horowitz, B., M. Piët i A. M. Prince. "TREATMENT OF PLASMA DERIVATIVES WITH UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS TO INACTIVATE VIRUSES". W XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644150.

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Virus sterilization of blood plasma derivatives by addition of several naturally occurring fatty acids was evaluated using VSV and Sindbis virus as markers for lipid enveloped virus inactivation. Complete inactivation >4 log10) of virus added to an AHF concentrate with 60-101)% retention of AHF activity was achieved with oleic, 11-eicosenoic, linoleic, linolenic, palmitoleic and arachidonic acids. Elaidic, gamma-linolenic, palmitic, and arachidic acids. Another fat-soluble compound previously reported to inactivate virus, butylated hydroxytoluene, was less effective. A long chain mono- but not a di- or tri-glyceride also displayed virucidal properties.The degree of virus inactivation depended on the sample composition. A favorable balance was achieved between degree of virus inactivation and retention of protein function for AHF concentrate, prothrombin complex concentrate, antithrombin-III concentrate, and immune globulin solution on incubation with 0.033% (w/v) sodium oleateat 24°C for 4-6 hours. Virus inactivation in whole plasma and plasma cryoprecipitate was not complete despite use of higher concentrations of sodiumleate and/or incubation at 37°C.Utilization of fatty acids for thepreparation of blood derivatives has the advantage that they are naturallyoccurring and have low toxicity, thussimplifying the production process. This simplicity encourages the sequential use of fatty acids with other procedures designed to inactivate or remove viruses and which operate by a distinct mechanism.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Gamma-sterilization"

Thelen, Paul, Anne Grillet, Martin Nemer, Haedi De Angelis, Maryla Olszewska-Wasiolek, Donald Hanson, Mark Stavig, Michael Omana, Andres Martinez-Sanchez i David Vehar. Sterilization of N95 Respirators via Gamma Radiation: Comparison of Post-sterilization Efficacy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), maj 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1763516.

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Introduction to x-ray and gamma sterilization methods. BioPhorum, sierpień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46220/2021sp002.

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