Artykuły w czasopismach: „Galvanic Skin Response GSR”

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Setyohadi, Djoko Budiyanto, Sri Kusrohmaniah, Sebastian Bagya Gunawan, Pranowo Pranowo i Anton Satria Prabuwono. "Galvanic Skin Response Data Classification for Emotion Detection". International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, nr 5 (1.10.2018): 4004. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp4004-4014.

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Emotion detection is a very exhausting job and needs a complicated process; moreover, these processes also require the proper data training and appropriate algorithm. The process involves the experimental research in psychological experiment and classification methods. This paper describes a method on detection emotion using Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) data. We used the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) method to get a good data training. Furthermore, Support Vector Machine and a correct preprocessing are performed to classify the GSR data. To validate the proposed approach, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, and accuracy measurement are used. Our method shows that the accuracy is about 75.65% while ROC is about 0.8019. It means that the emotion detection can be done satisfactorily and well performed.

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Dascălu, Loredana Cristina, Claudiu Babiș, Oana Chivu, Gabriel Iacobescu, Ana Maria Alecusan i Augustin Semenescu. "Measurements of Galvanic Skin Response on Subjects Affected by Stress". Acta Universitatis Cibiniensis. Technical Series 71, nr 1 (1.12.2019): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aucts-2019-0006.

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Abstract The aim of the present paper is to study the Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) level on subjects affected by stress. The device that we have used, connects to the people by finger electrodes to record GSR. The purpose was to find statistical differences between the activities (mental task, walking, sitting and to fill out a survey about their lives) and their stress level. During the experiment, it was found that the survey caused the source of high stress and increasing skin conductance was caused by sweat secretion (mental, physical activity). Is needed to work of collecting data from more subjects because GSR is depended on human behaviour, is variable upon many factors (their eating habits, their emotional state, their gender, their relationship with family, etc) and we need to build a substantial data set for a valid research.

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Sanchez-Comas, Andres, Kåre Synnes, Diego Molina-Estren, Alexander Troncoso-Palacio i Zhoe Comas-González. "Correlation Analysis of Different Measurement Places of Galvanic Skin Response in Test Groups Facing Pleasant and Unpleasant Stimuli". Sensors 21, nr 12 (19.06.2021): 4210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21124210.

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The galvanic skin response (GSR; also widely known as electrodermal activity (EDA)) is a signal for stress-related studies. Given the sparsity of studies related to the GSR and the variety of devices, this study was conducted at the Human Health Activity Laboratory (H2AL) with 17 healthy subjects to determine the variability in the detection of changes in the galvanic skin response among a test group with heterogeneous respondents facing pleasant and unpleasant stimuli, correlating the GSR biosignals measured from different body sites. We experimented with the right and left wrist, left fingers, the inner side of the right foot using Shimmer3GSR and Empatica E4 sensors. The results indicated the most promising homogeneous places for measuring the GSR, namely, the left fingers and right foot. The results also suggested that due to a significantly strong correlation among the inner side of the right foot and the left fingers, as well as the moderate correlations with the right and left wrists, the foot may be a suitable place to homogenously measure a GSR signal in a test group. We also discuss some possible causes of weak and negative correlations from anomalies detected in the raw data possibly related to the sensors or the test group, which may be considered to develop robust emotion detection systems based on GRS biosignals.

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Snekhalatha, U., T. Rajalakshmi, C. H. Vinitha Sri, G. Balachander i K. S. Shankar. "NON-INVASIVE BLOOD GLUCOSE ANALYSIS BASED ON GALVANIC SKIN RESPONSE FOR DIABETIC PATIENTS". Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 30, nr 02 (26.03.2018): 1850009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237218500096.

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Diabetes is a chronic disease due to the lack of production of hormone insulin by the beta cells in the islets of Langerhans. Many diabetic patients often draw a small amount of blood to measure the glucose level every day. This vital information is needed to control their daily food intake. One such method could cause infection and discomfort to the patient. Non-invasive glucose measurement techniques overcome these challenges to monitor blood glucose level continuously. The aim and objective of this study are as follows: (i) to correlate the skin resistance based on Galvanic skin response (GSR) and blood glucose level for diabetic and non-diabetic subject and (ii) to estimate the blood glucose value based on GSR voltage and resistance using stepwise linear regression model. About 50 diabetic and 50 non-diabetic subjects were included in this study. Blood glucose level is recorded using the minimally invasive device called accu-chek for all the subjects. GSR resistance and GSR voltage were recorded using the designed instrumentation setup. In diabetic subjects, the measured blood glucose level shows negative correlation with the GSR voltage ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) and GSR resistance ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]). The estimated blood glucose level can be predicted with good sensitivity (94%) and accuracy (92%) using age and GSR voltage, or by the combination of age and GSR resistance in the evaluation of diabetic subjects.

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원규왕 i CHAKyungWhan. "Utilizing Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) for Measuring English Listening Anxiety". English Language Teaching 27, nr 2 (czerwiec 2015): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17936/pkelt.2015.27.2.003.

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Belyea, A., N. Cofie, N. Dalgarno i E. Bruder. "MP22: Using galvanic skin response to identify resuscitation expertise in a pulmonary embolism simulation exercise". CJEM 22, S1 (maj 2020): S50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2020.170.

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Introduction: As physicians gain expertise in clinical settings, they are able to handle progressively more information, in both complexity and magnitude, as an organized schema. Expert physicians then, will be more likely to function with less cognitive load —the amount of mental effort someone exerts within their short-term working memory. Expert physicians will also retain more working memory capacity to process information during medical emergencies than novice physicians. While a physician's ability to process medical information may have implications for handling medical emergencies, there is a paucity of empirical research examining the link between physicians’ expertise and biometric measures of cognitive load. Using galvanic skin response (GSR) as a surrogate measure of cognitive load, we assess whether average cognitive load differs significantly between expert and novice physicians in a pulmonary embolism simulation exercise. Methods: We analyzed GSR data (n = 39) from a 10-minute simulated pulmonary embolism exercise among 18 faculty physicians and 21 residents. Cluster and factor analyses were used to identify novice, intermediate, advanced, and expert physicians with based on participants’ GRS scores. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze group differences. Descriptive statistical techniques were also used to describe the distribution of GRS expertise by participants’ level of training. Results: Contrary to expectation, we found more than two groups of resuscitation expertise in the simulation exercise. Respectively, we identified 7.7% and 20.5% of participants as novice and expert physicians. About 36% of participants were classified as intermediate (35.9%) physicians while another 36% were classified as having an advanced (35.9%) expertise in resuscitation. All the novice physicians identified were found to be PGY1 and PGY2 resident residents. A third (33.3%) of faculty physicians and 9.5% of residents were identified as experts. As expected, average GSR score for experts (x¯ = 0.60μS, SD = 0.26) was significantly (F = 137.6, p < 0.001) lower than the average GSR for novices (x¯ = 5.55μS, SD = 0.99), intermediate (x¯ = 2.84 μS, SD = 0.40), and advanced (x¯ = 1.57 μS, SD = 0.28) physicians. Conclusion: GSR measures of cognitive load may be used to identify resuscitation expertise in managing pulmonary embolism and related medical conditions through simulation exercises.

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Min, Byung-Chan, Soon-Cheol Chung, Sang-Gyun Kim, Byung-Woon Min, Chul-Jung Kim i Se-Jin Park. "Assessment of Autonomic Responses to Different Driving and Road Conditions". Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, nr 37 (lipiec 2000): 679. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004403736.

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The purpose of this study was to compare changes in autonomic responses due to different driving and road conditions. We measured physiological responses of the 10 health subjects such as Heart Rate Variability (HRV), Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) and skin temperature in rest and stimulation conditions. The ratio of LF/HF significantly increased and averaged R-R interval decreased on the abrupt stopping and starting and abruptly curved road conditions, compared to other conditions. Mean value of GSR increased and mean value of skin temperature decreased in the abrupt stopping and starting and abruptly curved road conditions, compared to other conditions.

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Kurniawan, Adhadi, Junas Haidi, M. Khairul Amri Rosa i Jefri Suryanata. "Analisis Potensi Kebohongan dengan Galvanic Skin Response Dan Diameter Pupil Mata". JURNAL AMPLIFIER : JURNAL ILMIAH BIDANG TEKNIK ELEKTRO DAN KOMPUTER 9, nr 2 (30.11.2019): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/jamplifier.v9i2.15381.

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ABSTRAKSistem alat pendeteksi kebohongan pada penelitian ini menggunakan sistem kerja dari GSR (Galvanic Skin Response) dan perubahan diameter pupil mata seseorang untuk melihat perubahan resistansi ataupun perubahan respon kulit yang terdapat pada jari tengah dan telunjuk seseorang menggunakan sensor GSR dan menggunakan kamera webcam Logitech B525 HD untuk melihat perubahan diameter pupil mata pada seseorang. Analisa pada penelitian ini untuk melihat perubahan resistansi kulit atau ?Rk dan perubahan ukuran diameter pupil.mata.atau.?X yang berpotensi berbohong atau tidak. Pengujian dilakukan sebanyak empat kali untuk membuktikan perubahan resistansi kulit atau ?Rk dan ukuran diameter pupil mata atau ?X. Pada pengujian perubahan nilai resistansi kulit atau ?Rk pada pengujian kedua perubahan resistansi kulit atau ?Rk terjadi didetik 12 sebesar 0,244 ? dan pengujian ketiga didetik 12 dan 16 sebesar 1,018 ?. Sedangkan pengujian perubahan ukuran diameter pupil mata ?X perubahan terjadi pada pengujian pertama didetik ke 11 sebesar 1, 31 mm dan detik 19 sebesar 0,92 mm dan pengujian kedua didetik ke 12 sebesar 1,1 mm.Kata kunci: Galvanic Skin Response, Pupil Mata, Bohong

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NAMAZI, HAMIDREZA, SHAFIUL OMAM, KAMIL KUCA i ONDREJ KREJCAR. "EVALUATION OF THE COUPLING BETWEEN ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM (EEG) AND GALVANIC SKIN RESPONSE (GSR) SIGNALS VERSUS THE COMPLEX STRUCTURE OF MUSIC". Fractals 29, nr 04 (11.05.2021): 2150175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x21501759.

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Since skin activity, like other organs, is controlled by the brain, we decoded the correlation among the brain and skin responses in auditory stimulation by complexity-based analysis of EEG and GSR signals. Three pieces of music were selected according to the difference in the fractal exponent and sample entropy of embedded noises in them. We calculated the fractal dimension and sample entropy of EEG and GSR signals for 11 subjects in rest and response to these music pieces. The correlation coefficients of 0.9525 and 0.9822 in the case of fractal dimension and sample entropy demonstrated a strong correlation between the complexities of the GSR and EEG signals. Therefore, we can state that the skin and brain responses are coupled. This method can be applied to evaluate the relationship between the human brain and other organs.

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Webster, Daniel G., i James J. Muir. "Presenting Physiological Measures: Effectiveness of Demonstration versus Lecture". Teaching of Psychology 22, nr 3 (październik 1995): 192–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15328023top2203_8.

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This article provides guidelines for demonstrating human physiological responses to undergraduates and compares the effectiveness of demonstration and lecture formats for presenting physiological measures. Two responses, the galvanic skin response (GSR) and electrocardiogram (EKG), were presented to students either as a demonstration or in a lecture format. Results indicate that demonstrations may provide an effective format for improving retention of information about simple procedures and responses, such as the GSR, but may not be as effective as lecture presentation of more complex information, such as the EKG waveform.

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Villarejo, María Viqueira, Begoña García Zapirain i Amaia Méndez Zorrilla. "A Stress Sensor Based on Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) Controlled by ZigBee". Sensors 12, nr 5 (10.05.2012): 6075–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s120506075.

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Lim, Keum Seob, i Jai Suk Lee. "Study on accuracy of polygraph inspection and GSR(Galvanic Skin Response) evaluation". Korean Association of Criminal Psychology 15, nr 2 (30.06.2019): 157–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.25277/kcpr.2019.15.2.157.

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Nagai, Y., J. Lumsdem, L. Goldstein i P. Fenwick. "708 22HZ, 28HZ specific cortical activation during galvanic skin response (GSR) biofeedback". International Journal of Psychophysiology 30, nr 1-2 (wrzesień 1998): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8760(98)90707-3.

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Suominen, Seppo. "Sport and Cultural Events: Willingness to Pay, Facial Expressions and Skin Response". ATHENS JOURNAL OF SPORTS 8, nr 3 (23.08.2021): 201–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajspo.8-3-3.

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The topic of this particular study is to combine facial expressions, skin response and willingness to pay (WTP) using an iMotions Platform. This software solution combines biosensors in human behaviour research. A useful method to estimate WTP is contingent valuation method (CV) (Mitchell and Carson 1989). The method has been widely used in cultural economics (Noonan 2003) and sport economics (Walker and Mondello 2007, Wicker et al. 2016a). CV method is made up of using surveys to elicit a willingness to pay for hypothetical changes in some good or service. Galvanic skin response (GSR), also known as electro dermal activity measures electrical activity conducted through sweat glands in the skin. It is an indication of the intensity of an emotion experienced (iMotions). GSR in an indication of stress (arousal of the sympathetic nervous system) in the body by appearing as continuous variation in the electrical characteristics of skin (De Brito and Mitchell 2019). Only joy and surprise are positively related to WTP, while the other emotions do no reveal anything. In addition, heart rate (GSR) and gender are significantly associated with WTP. Keywords: facial expressions, skin response, willingness to pay, sport events, cultural events

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Iida, Takayuki, Akira Goto, Shoya Fukuchi i Kakuro Amasaka. "A Study On Effectiveness Of Movie Trailers Boosting Customers Appreciation Desire: A Customer Science Approach Using Statistics And GSR". Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER) 10, nr 6 (31.05.2012): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jber.v10i6.7028.

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In this study, the authors research Effectiveness of Movie Trailers Boosting Customers Appreciation Desire using statistical science and GSR (Galvanic Skin Response) data. As a result of this study, the authors suggest two models of movie trailers boosting customers appreciation desire to make a new movie trailer.

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Jacobs, E. W., i Marion T. Gaines. "For Apple Owners: A Four-Channel, Computer-Managed Physiograph for $600". Teaching of Psychology 13, nr 2 (kwiecień 1986): 93–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15328023top1302_15.

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For approximately $600, Apple IIe owners can purchase equipment for collecting physiological data. Electromyograph (EMG), galvanic skin response (GSR), skin temperature (TEMP), and heart rate (HR) data can be recorded at user-specified intervals, displayed on a monitor, saved to a disk, and printed on paper. The system is flexible, and has been used in classroom demonstrations, relaxation training, and student research projects.

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Huang, Kai, i Elena Nicoladis. "Pussy power". Journal of Multilingual Theories and Practices 1, nr 2 (1.12.2020): 168–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/jmtp.13781.

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Some previous research has suggested that words in multlinguals’ first language, particularly taboo words, evoke a greater emotional response than words in any subsequent language. In the present study, we elicited French-English bilinguals’ emotional responses to words in both languages. We expected taboo words to evoke higher emotional response than positive or negative words in both languages. We tested the hypothesis that the earlier that bilinguals had acquired the language, the higher the emotional responses. French-English bilinguals with long exposure to both French and English participated. Their galvanic skin response (GSR) was measured as they processed positive (e.g., mother), negative (e.g., war) and taboo (e.g., pussy) words in both French and English. As predicted, GSR responses to taboo words were high in both languages. Surprisingly, English taboo words elicited higher GSR responses than French ones and age of acquisition was not related to GSR. We argue that these results are related to the context in which this study took place (i.e., an English majority context). If this interpretation is correct, then bilinguals’ emotional response to words could be more strongly linked to recent emotional interactions than to childhood experiences.

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Gogate, Uttara Dhananjay, i Dr Jagdish Wasudeorao Bakal. "Hunger and stress monitoring system using galvanic skin response". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 13, nr 3 (1.03.2019): 861. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i3.pp861-865.

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In the world, roughly more than 3 million people are affected by muscle power loss diseases which cause lack of communication. Further, this lack of communication is a severe problem with hunger and stress, which sometimes proves to be fatal. It is essential to monitor physical parameters such as hunger and mental stress of the patient. To observe hunger and stress, galvanic skin response (GSR) sensor is a most preferred method because it measures the conductance of skin due to sweating. We have designed new hunger and stress monitoring system (HS-MS) that helps patients and their caretakers to monitor stress and hunger level. HS-MS is two electrodes system that attaches to two fingers (index and middle) of the patient and monitors starvation and tension. According to the response of the sensor, caretakers can identify hunger and even the mental stress conditions of the patient. In all, 35 patients were examined using HS-MS system and 20 of them were used as a control. Overall system accuracy was found out to be 86.6% and response time of HS-MS 5 seconds. Sensitivity with respect to hunger and stress was about 99.9% and 73.3% respectively. Thus HS-MS can be identified as a helpful tool to provide comfort to the patient easily and can be used in hospitals or homes with lonely elderly people.

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Olbrich, Sebastian, Ina Jahn i Katarina Stengler. "Exposure and response prevention therapy augmented with naltrexone in kleptomania: a controlled case study using galvanic skin response for monitoring". Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 47, nr 5 (21.03.2019): 622–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465819000213.

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AbstractBackground:Kleptomania is a disease that shares features with obsessive compulsive spectrum disorders (OCD) and with substance abuse disorders (SAD). This is underlined by therapeutic approaches in kleptomania ranging from cognitive behavioural therapy and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors that are effective in OCD, and opioid antagonists that are currently being used in SAD. However, almost no literature exists about exposure and response prevention (ERP) therapy in kleptomania. Furthermore, there is a clear lack of objective markers that would allow a therapeutic monitoring.Aim:To show the effectiveness of ERP therapy in kleptomania in a single case report.Method:An ERP therapy under real-world conditions and later augmentation with the opioid antagonist naltrexone is described. Continuous measurements of galvanic skin response (GSR) before, during and after therapy sessions are reported in association with changes of the Kleptomania Symptom Assessment Scale (KSAS) self-questionnaire.Results:While KSAS scores showed a clear treatment response to ERP sessions, the GSR was significantly lower during ERP treatment in comparison with baseline measures. However, during augmentation with naltrexone, GSR measures increased again and clinical severity did not further improve.Conclusions:This case shows the possible usefulness of ERP-like approaches and therapy monitoring using electrophysiological markers of arousal for individualized treatment in kleptomania.

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Grosch, James W., i John E. Sparrow. "Detecting Deception: A Classroom Demonstration". Teaching of Psychology 19, nr 3 (październik 1992): 166–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15328023top1903_10.

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Lie detection, a topic that most students of psychology find fascinating, can be demonstrated using an inexpensive, highly portable galvanic skin response (GSR) monitor. This demonstration can be used to touch on the current controversy surrounding the use of physiological measures in detecting deception and is relevant to other topics, such as emotion, perception, and industrial/organizational psychology.

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Noraziah, A., Muhd Azrulnizam Suna Abdullah, Nurzety Aqtar, Mohammed Adam Ibrahim Fakhreldin i Muhammad Nubli Abd Wahab. "GREENVEC GAME FOR SKIN CONDUCTIVITY LEVEL (SCL) BIOFEEDBACK PERFORMANCE SIMULATOR USING GALVANIC SKIN RESPONSE (GSR) SENSOR". International Journal of Computer Systems & Software Engineering 1, nr 1 (15.02.2015): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijsecs.1.2015.4.0004.

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Cho, Young Chang, i Min Soo Kim. "Characteristics in HRV(heart rate variability), GSR(galvanic skin response) and skin temperature for stress estimate". Journal of the Korea Industrial Information System Society 20, nr 3 (30.06.2015): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.9723/jksiis.2015.20.3.011.

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Craig, Daniel G. "An Exploratory Study of Physiological Changes during “Chills” Induced by Music". Musicae Scientiae 9, nr 2 (lipiec 2005): 273–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102986490500900207.

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The present study utilized an experimental method consisting of subjective and objective measures to assess physiological and psychological changes occurring during chills induced by music. Piloerection (“goosebump” formation), skin temperature; and galvanic skin response (GSR) were used to monitor peripheral nervous system changes during the response. It was hypothesized that significant changes in parameters would coincide with perceived experiences of chills when compared with other sections of music where chills were not perceived. Thirty two students (16 musicians and 16 non-musicians) were assessed while listening to music, both familiar and unfamiliar. The experiment then appeared to replicate the general experience of chills induced by music for this population. Results suggested that the experience of chills corresponded to significant changes in GSR and was associated with piloerection in some instances. No significant changes in skin temperature were evident.

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Ray, Partha Pratim, Dinesh Dash i Debashis De. "Analysis and monitoring of IoT-assisted human physiological galvanic skin responsefactor for smart e-healthcare". Sensor Review 39, nr 4 (15.07.2019): 525–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sr-07-2018-0181.

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Purpose Background: Every so often, one experiences different physically unstable situations which may lead to possibilities of suffering through vicious physiological risks and extents. Dynamic physiological activities are such a key metric that they are perceived by means of measuring galvanic skin response (GSR). GSR represents impedance of human skin that frequently changes based on different human respiratory and physical instability. Existing solutions, paved in literature and market, focus on the direct measurement of GSR by two sensor-attached leads, which are then parameterized against the standard printed circuit board mechanism. This process is sometimes cumbersome to use, resulting in lower user experience provisioning and adaptability in livelihood activities. The purpose of this study is to validate the novel development of the cost-effective GSR sensing system for affective usage for smart e-healthcare. Design/methodology/approach This paper proposes to design and develop a flexible circuit strip, populated with essential circuitry assemblies, to assess and monitor the level of GSR. Ordinarily, this flexible system would be worn on the back palm of the hand where two leads would contact two sensor strips worn on the first finger. Findings The system was developed on top of Pyralux. Initial goals of this work are to design and validate a flexible film-based GSR system to detect an individual’s level of human physiological activities by acquiring, amplifying and processing GSR data. The measured GSR value is visualized “24 × 7” on a Bluetooth-enabled smartphone via a pre-incorporated application. Conclusion: The proposed sensor-system is capable of raising the qualities such as adaptability, user experience, portability and ubiquity for possible application of monitoring of human psychodynamics in a more cost-effective way, i.e. less than US$50. Practical implications Several novel attributes are envisaged in the development process of the GSR system that made it different from and unique as compared to the existing alternatives. The attributes are as follows: (i) use of reproductive sensor-system fabrication process, (ii) use of flexible-substrate for hosting the system as proof of concept, (iii) use of miniaturized microcontroller, i.e. ATTiny85, (iv) deployment of energy-efficient passive electrical circuitry for noise filtering, (v) possible use case scenario of using CR2032 coin battery for provisioning powering up the system, (vi) provision of incorporation of internet of things (IoT)-cloud integration in existing version while fixing related APIs and (vii) incorporation of heterogeneous software-based solutions to validate and monitor the GSR output such as MakerPlot, Arduino IDE, Fritzing and MIT App Inventor 2. Originality/value This paper is a revised version R1 of the earlier reviewed paper. The proposed paper provides novel knowledge about the flexible sensor system development for GSR monitoring under IoT-based environment for smart e-healthcare.

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Pop-Jordanova, Nada, i Jordan Pop-Jordanov. "Electrodermal Activity and Stress Assessment". PRILOZI 41, nr 2 (1.09.2020): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/prilozi-2020-0028.

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AbstractStress, as a kind of emotion, is inevitable in everyday life. In psychosomatic medicine stress represents a powerful link in the pathophysiological chain of disorder. Having evidence about the power of stress on the body, the interest in medicine was how to measure it in appropriate, fast way and with minimal cost. Electrodermal activity seems to be available for this purpose.The galvanic skin response (GSR) is an objective, transient indication of autonomic nervous system arousal in response to a stimulus. It refers to changes in sweat gland activity that are reflective of the intensity of our emotional arousal.In this article we discuss physiological specifics of skin conductance/resistance and how it is measured in practice. The most used application of GSR is in biofeedback methodology. Biofeedback assessment and training exactly uses skin reaction to different stimuli and aims to gain voluntary control over this autonomic response. The aim of this article is to show effectiveness of this method in paediatric practice.

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NAMAZI, HAMIDREZA, DUMITRU BALEANU, SHAFIUL OMAM i ONDREJ KREJCAR. "ANALYSIS OF THE CORRELATION BETWEEN BRAIN AND SKIN REACTIONS TO DIFFERENT TYPES OF MUSIC". Fractals 29, nr 02 (marzec 2021): 2150124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x21501243.

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Evaluation of the correlation among the activities of various organs is an important research area in physiology. In this paper, we analyzed the correlation between the brain and skin reactions in response to various auditory stimuli. We played three different music (relaxing, pop, and rock music) to eleven subjects (4 M and 7 F, 18–22 years old) and accordingly analyzed the changes in the complexity of Electroencephalogram (EEG) and Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) signals by calculating their fractal exponent and sample entropy. A strong correlation was observed among the alterations of the complexity of GSR and EEG signals in the case of fractal dimension ([Formula: see text]) and also sample entropy ([Formula: see text]), which indicates the correlation between the activities of skin and brain. This analysis method could be further applied to investigate the correlation among the activities of the brain and other organs of the human body.

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Bakti, Wahyu Tri, i Nanda Kurnia Wardati. "Alat Deteksi Tingkat Stres Manusia Berbasis Android Berdasarkan Suhu Tubuh, Heart Rate dan Galvanic Skin Response (GSR)". Jurnal Teknik Elektro dan Komputasi (ELKOM) 1, nr 2 (31.12.2019): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.32528/elkom.v1i2.3089.

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Stres pada manusia memiliki tingkat yang berbeda. Tingkat stres pada manusia dapat diukur dengan alat pendeteksi parameter stres dengan memperhitungkan suhu tubuh, heart rate dan Galvanic Skin Response (GSR). GSR memperhitungkan resistansi kulit dari dua jari tangan. Alat tersebut dapat mengukur level kejenuhan dan ketegangan pada manusia. Analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan Atmega8535, DS1820 untuk mengetahui temperatur tubuh, Pulse Sensor untuk mengetahui heart rate, serta alumunium foil untuk mengetahui nilai resistansi kulit dari dua jari tangan. Data diperoleh melalui sensor pada setiap parameter yang diukur, setelah itu data dikirim ke Gadget Android melalui komunikasi Bluetooth. Hasil analisis data kemudian dibandingkan dengan nilai tingkat stres manusia usia dewasa muda. Hasil perbandingan tersebut menampilkan kondisi tingkat stres pada manusia yang ditampilkan pada Gadget Android. Kemudian dari hasil tersebut akan dibandingkan dengan hasil pengujian stres yang dilakukan oleh dokter psikiater. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran dan perbandingan didapatkan persentase keberhasilan sebesar 40%.

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Nazarov, A. I. "Comparison of the EDA and EEG frequency components (qualitative analysis)". Experimental Psychology (Russia) 10, nr 2 (2017): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2017100209.

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The author recorded galvanic skin response (GSR, Feret method), skin potential (SP, Tarkhanov method) and local frontal encephalogram (Fp1). GSR was recorded with an amplifier bandwidth of 0.05-1 Hz, SP and EEG amplified with biopotential broadband amplifiers in the range 0.05-300 Hz. SP and local EEG signals were processed by the same algorithm. We obtained profiles of SP and EEG containing topologically similar low (LF) and high frequency (HF) components in the range of 0.05-45 Hz. LF-components of SP and EEG in some subjects were identical (in phase) of the GSR, in other subjects they were antiphased, in still others both types were observed. High-frequency components of SP contained rhythms, similar to EEG rhythms (Delta, Theta, Alpha, Beta, Gamma). However, frequency analysis showed that SP rhythms differ from local EEG rhythms in power and frequency distribution. The findings are discussed in the context of the nature of biorhythms.

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Shivakumar, G., i P. A. Vijaya. "Analysis of Human Emotions Using Galvanic Skin Response and Finger Tip Temperature". International Journal of Synthetic Emotions 2, nr 1 (styczeń 2011): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jse.2011010102.

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Emotion is the excited mental state of a person caused by internal and external factors. In this work, a person’s physiological parameters are measured to decide emotional status. A generalized system measures changes occurring in the body of a subject, such as heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, electro-dermal (Galvanic skin resistance) activity, and arm and leg motions. These measurements are then compared with the normal levels of the subject. The present work monitors the physiological parameters by connecting sensors at specific points on a test body. Two physiological parameters are considered: galvanic skin response (GSR) and finger tip temperature (FTT). The heart rate is predominant in deciding the emotion of a person. This system, in conjunction with a certified examiner, is used to analyze a subject’s stress. A system is constructed that measures physiological parameters along with signal conditioning units. These measurements are transmitted to a LabVIEW add-on card for further data processing and analysis. LabVIEW is a graphical programming language that includes all tools necessary for data acquisition, data analysis, and presentation of results. The results obtained are realistic and provide a measure of accuracy.

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Silver, Rebecca, i Rick Parente. "THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL DYNAMICS OF A SIMPLE CONVERSATION". Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 32, nr 5 (1.01.2004): 413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2004.32.5.413.

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Two experiments examined several variables that influence first impressions between previously unacquainted, opposite gender participants. The first experiment investigated the relationship among measures of extroversion, cheerfulness, and attractiveness during a first encounter. Results showed that measures of attractiveness did not correlate with measures of extroversion and cheerfulness. The second experiment examined galvanic skin response (GSR) from male and female couples engaged in conversation. The results showed a significant direct relationship between the electrical conductivity of the skin for 10 pairs of participants who were engaged in a simple conversation.

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Korpal, Paweł, i Aleksandra Jasielska. "Investigating interpreters’ empathy". Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 31, nr 1 (31.07.2018): 2–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.17123.kor.

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Abstract An experimental study was conducted to examine whether simultaneous interpreters are affected by the speaker’s emotions. To this end, two measures of emotion were used: galvanic skin response (GSR) as a marker of emotional arousal, and SUPIN – the Polish adaptation of PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule). A group of interpreters with Polish as their A language and English as their B language (N = 20) took part in the experiment. They were asked to simultaneously interpret two speeches (recordings accompanied by video) from Polish into English: a neutral speech and an emotional speech. The results show that the interpreters are indeed affected by the speaker’s emotions, which is reflected in both a greater galvanic skin response and higher SUPIN scores for the emotional speech, when compared to the neutral speech and baseline values. The results may shed new light on the importance of emotion processing in simultaneous interpreting.

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Lim, Hyun-Jun, Sun-Kook Yoo i Won Seuk Jang. "Analysis of Galvanic Skin Response Signal for High-Arousal Negative Emotion Using Discrete Wavelet Transform". Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility 20, nr 3 (30.09.2017): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14695/kjsos.2017.20.3.13.

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Ancella Hendrika, Clara Theresia i Thedy Yogasara. "Cybersickness Testing Of Gender And Experience Factors Using Virtual Reality". International Journal of Engineering Technology and Natural Sciences 2, nr 2 (5.04.2021): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.46923/ijets.v2i2.79.

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One of the technologies that people are starting to get interested in is virtual reality (VR). VR is widely used as a means of entertainment, even more so at this time, the e-sports industry is developing rapidly. However, the use of VR can cause cybersickness, a disease arising from sensory and perceptual mismatches between the visual and vestibular systems. The emergence of cybersickness can be related to gender and experience using VR. There have been studies on cybersickness, but the results obtained had not come to the same conclusion. This research aims to identify the effect of gender and experience using VR, predict the timing of cybersickness by using physiological measurements, and provide recommendations that can minimize cybersickness in activities using VR. The measuring instruments used are the galvanic skin response (GSR) and a simulator sickness questionnaire (SSQ). In this study, the influence test is conducted by using ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis to determine whether gender and experience using VR affect the potential for cybersickness. Based on the GSR measurement results, it found that gender and experiences of using VR do not affect a person's potential for cybersickness. From the result of SSQ measurement, gender does not affect the cybersickness, but the experience of using VR affected a person's potential for cybersickness. Qualitatively, cybersickness symptoms appear in the 15-20 minutes after the VR game has set in. Therefore, it is recommended to limit the usage of VR to less than 15 to 20 minutes per session. Keywords: cybersickness, galvanic skin response (GSR), simulator sickness questionnaire (SSQ), virtual reality

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Qin, Yi, Huayu Zhang, Yuni Wang, Mei Mao i Fuguo Chen. "3D Music Impact on Autonomic Nervous System Response and Its Potential Mechanism". International Journal of Multimedia Data Engineering and Management 12, nr 1 (styczeń 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmdem.2021010101.

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This paper is made to observe the impact of 3D (three-dimensional) and 2D (two-dimensional) music on autonomic nervous system and to explore the mechanism of the music. This study changes and retains some musical elements of the four music, and 73 healthy participants listened to four music tracks with headphones: 3D slow music, 2D slow music, 3D fast music, and 2D fast music. The results show that galvanic skin response (GSR) data decreased in all participants after listening to 3D music. Among them, the first and third 3D music, which bears obvious characteristics of sound spatial movements, high melody definition, stable rhythm structure, and high timbre identification of the main melody significantly changed participants' GSR compared to the benchmark obtained before the experiment (P<0.05). It can be reasonably argued that 3D music may improve the regulation of autonomic nervous system responses, which contributes to the health of mind and body.

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Ma, Qing Guo, Qian Shang, Hui Jian Fu i Fu Zhou Chen. "Mental Workload Analysis during the Production Process: EEG and GSR Activity". Applied Mechanics and Materials 220-223 (listopad 2012): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.220-223.193.

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In this study, field research was used to study the mental workload during the production process. The physiological signals of electroencephalogram (EEG) and Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) were recorded by using NeXus-10 equipment. The novices yielded significantly larger mental workload than veterans in the right hemisphere for theta, SMR, beta and gamma band. To investigate whether the given process activated both the left and right brain in a balanced manner, we calculated asymmetry index. Novice group yielded higher asymmetry index than veteran group for theta and SMR band. GSR was small higher which induced more negative emotions for the novice group than the veteran group. These would be used as new factors added into production system management

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Slater, Mel, Christoph Guger, Guenter Edlinger, Robert Leeb, Gert Pfurtscheller, Angus Antley, Maia Garau, Andrea Brogni i Doron Friedman. "Analysis of Physiological Responses to a Social Situation in an Immersive Virtual Environment". Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 15, nr 5 (1.10.2006): 553–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pres.15.5.553.

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An experiment was conducted in a Cave-like environment to explore the relationship between physiological responses and breaks in presence and utterances by virtual characters towards the participants. Twenty people explored a virtual environment (VE) that depicted a virtual bar scenario. The experiment was divided into a training and an experimental phase. During the experimental phase breaks in presence (BIPs) in the form of whiteouts of the VE scenario were induced for 2 s at four equally spaced times during the approximately 5 min in the bar scenario. Additionally, five virtual characters addressed remarks to the subjects. Physiological measures including electrocardiagram (ECG) and galvanic skin response (GSR) were recorded throughout the whole experiment. The heart rate, the heart rate variability, and the event-related heart rate changes were calculated from the acquired ECG data. The frequency response of the GSR signal was calculated with a wavelet analysis. The study shows that the heart rate and heart rate variability parameters vary significantly between the training and experimental phase. GSR parameters and event-related heart rate changes show the occurrence of breaks in presence. Event-related heart rate changes also signified the virtual character utterances. There were also differences in response between participants who report more or less socially anxious.

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Sia, Joyce S. Y., Lai Z. Huan, Lam S. Kit, Liong C. Ling i Ghazali N. Effiyana. "Prototype development for real-time epilepsy seizures detector using three parameters". MATEC Web of Conferences 250 (2018): 07002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201825007002.

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This paper proposes a prototype for real-time epilepsy seizures detection using skin conductance, temperature and sense movement. This proposed work is expected to help epilepsy patients to receive immediate help from the people around when seizures happen. This prototype is wearable and developed using Arduino Nano, Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) sensor, accelerometer, temperature sensor and pulse sensor. Epilepsy patients can wear this prototype just like a watch. The prototype is connected to the mobile application via Bluetooth and can alert the people around by buzzing alarm as well as sending text message to the doctor or family member. Details development and results are discussed in this paper.

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Kim, Hojoong, Shinjae Kwon, Young-Tae Kwon i Woon-Hong Yeo. "Soft Wireless Bioelectronics and Differential Electrodermal Activity for Home Sleep Monitoring". Sensors 21, nr 2 (7.01.2021): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020354.

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Sleep is an essential element to human life, restoring the brain and body from accumulated fatigue from daily activities. Quantitative monitoring of daily sleep quality can provide critical feedback to evaluate human health and life patterns. However, the existing sleep assessment system using polysomnography is not available for a home sleep evaluation, while it requires multiple sensors, tabletop electronics, and sleep specialists. More importantly, the mandatory sleep in a designated lab facility disrupts a subject’s regular sleep pattern, which does not capture one’s everyday sleep behaviors. Recent studies report that galvanic skin response (GSR) measured on the skin can be one indicator to evaluate the sleep quality daily at home. However, the available GSR detection devices require rigid sensors wrapped on fingers along with separate electronic components for data acquisition, which can interrupt the normal sleep conditions. Here, we report a new class of materials, sensors, electronics, and packaging technologies to develop a wireless, soft electronic system that can measure GSR on the wrist. The single device platform that avoids wires, rigid sensors, and straps offers the maximum comfort to wear on the skin and minimize disruption of a subject’s sleep. A nanomaterial GSR sensor, printed on a soft elastomeric membrane, can have intimate contact with the skin to reduce motion artifact during sleep. A multi-layered flexible circuit mounted on top of the sensor provides a wireless, continuous, real-time recording of GSR to classify sleep stages, validated by the direct comparison with the standard method that measures other physiological signals. Collectively, the soft bioelectronic system shows great potential to be working as a portable, at-home sensor system for assessing sleep quality before a hospital visit.

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SEN, KAUSIK, i SAURABH PAL. "ALTERNATIVE METHOD FOR PAIN ASSESSMENT USING EMG AND GSR". Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 21, nr 06 (3.06.2021): 2150039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519421500391.

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Most of the existing pain estimation techniques depend on the response of the subject through verbal or nonverbal communication which does not suit infants, senseless and injured persons, and subjects with cognitive impairment. To bridge this gap, researchers have explored the potential of facial video- and image-based pain recognition methods. However, it provides limited classification performance with complex computation and costly frameworks including a large storage capacity. The dependence of autonomic nervous system (ANS) activities on stimulus like pain provides an alternative pathway to assess pain subjected to external stimuli through ANS-related biosignals. In this article, processing and analysis technique of electromyogram and galvanic skin response signals for assessment of pain for noncooperative subjects are presented and validated against BioVid heat pain database. Different intensities of pain are considered and characterized with the statistical features extracted from the said biosignals. It is noticed that the accuracy level of pain estimation increases with the rise in pain intensity. For highest pain level, 80% detection accuracy is achieved which outperforms the performances of facial expression-based pain assessment techniques.

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Kim, Deok-Yong, Dong Hoon Oh, Seok Hyeon Kim, Kwee-Bo Sim i Jang-Han Lee. "Effects of Intentional Suppression of Recall of Unwanted Images in Repressors and Nonrepressors". Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 41, nr 2 (1.03.2013): 319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2013.41.2.319.

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We investigated the ability to suppress recall of visual images, using the think/no-think (TNT) paradigm. Participants were 27 male undergraduates (13 repressors, 14 nonrepressors) who watched video clips of a motorbike accident as we recorded their galvanic skin response (GSR). We then conducted the TNT paradigm using motorbike accident images. Both repressors and nonrepressors recorded higher GSR when watching the video clips than at baseline. Both groups showed greater suppression of imaginary memories in the no-think condition than they did in either the think or the baseline conditions. We found repeated attempts at no-think might be an effective strategy for suppressing imaginary memories and that there were no differences in the ability of repressors and nonrepressors to suppress memory in the imaginary memory condition.

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Ekanayake, Hiran B., Uno Fors, Robert Ramberg, Tom Ziemke, Per Backlund i Kamalanath P. Hewagamage. "Affective Realism of Animated Films in the Development of Simulation-Based Tutoring Systems". International Journal of Distance Education Technologies 11, nr 2 (kwiecień 2013): 96–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdet.2013040105.

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This paper presents a study focused on comparing real actors based scenarios and animated characters based scenarios with respect to their similarity in evoking psychophysiological activity for certain events by measuring galvanic skin response (GSR). In the experiment, one group (n=11) watched the real actors’ film whereas another group (n=7) watched the animated film, which had the same story and dialogue as the real actors’ film. The results have shown that there is no significant difference in the skin conductance response (SCR) scores between the two groups; however, responses significantly differ when SCR amplitudes are taken into account. Moreover, Pearson’s correlation reported as high as over 80% correlation between the two groups’ SCRs for certain time intervals. The authors believe that this finding is of general importance for the domain of simulation-based tutoring systems in development of and decisions regarding use of animated characters based scenarios.

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Durán-Acevedo, Cristhian Manuel, Jeniffer Katerine Carrillo-Gómez i Camilo Andrés Albarracín-Rojas. "Electronic Devices for Stress Detection in Academic Contexts during Confinement Because of the COVID-19 Pandemic". Electronics 10, nr 3 (27.01.2021): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10030301.

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This article studies the development and implementation of different electronic devices for measuring signals during stress situations, specifically in academic contexts in a student group of the Engineering Department at the University of Pamplona (Colombia). For the research’s development, devices for measuring physiological signals were used through a Galvanic Skin Response (GSR), the electrical response of the heart by using an electrocardiogram (ECG), the electrical activity produced by the upper trapezius muscle (EMG), and the development of an electronic nose system (E-nose) as a pilot study for the detection and identification of the Volatile Organic Compounds profiles emitted by the skin. The data gathering was taken during an online test (during the COVID-19 Pandemic), in which the aim was to measure the student’s stress state and then during the relaxation state after the exam period. Two algorithms were used for the data process, such as Linear Discriminant Analysis and Support Vector Machine through the Python software for the classification and differentiation of the assessment, achieving 100% of classification through GSR, 90% with the E-nose system proposed, 90% with the EMG system, and 88% success by using ECG, respectively.

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Goshvarpour, Atefeh, Ataollah Abbasi i Ateke Goshvarpour. "GENDER DIFFERENCES IN RESPONSE TO AFFECTIVE AUDIO AND VISUAL INDUCTIONS: EXAMINATION OF NONLINEAR DYNAMICS OF AUTONOMIC SIGNALS". Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 28, nr 04 (sierpień 2016): 1650024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237216500241.

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Physiological reflection of emotions can be tracked by autonomic signals. Several studies have been conducted using autonomic signal processing to examine men and women differences during the exposure of affective stimuli. Emotional pictures and music are two commonly used methods to induce affects in an experimental setup. The biological changes have been commonly monitored during a certain emotional inducement protocol, solely. This study was aimed to examine two induction paradigms involved auditory and visual cues using nonlinear dynamical approaches. To this end, various nonlinear parameters of galvanic skin response (GSR) and pulse signals of men and women were examined. The nonlinear analysis was performed using lagged Poincare parameters, detrended fluctuation indices (DFAs), Lyapunov exponents (LEs), some entropy measures, and recurrence quantification analysis (RQA). The Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to show significant differences between the groups. The results indicate that besides the type of affect induction, physiological differences of men and women are notable in negative emotions (sadness and fear). Regardless to the inducements, lagged Poincare parameters of the pulse signals and DFA indices of the GSR have shown significant differences in gender affective responses. However, applying pictorial stimuli, LEs are appropriate indicators for gender discrimination. It is also concluded that GSR dynamics are intensely affected by the kind of stimuli; while this is not validated for the pulse. These findings suggest that different emotional inductions evoked different autonomic responses in men and women, which can be appropriately monitored using nonlinear signal processing approaches.

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Cotoia, Antonella, Floriana Dibello, Fiorenzo Moscatelli, Alberto Sciusco, Pietro Polito, Alberto Modolo, Crescenzio Gallo, Giuseppe Cibelli i Gilda Cinnella. "Effects of Tibetan Music on Neuroendocrine and Autonomic Functions in Patients Waiting for Surgery: A Randomized, Controlled Study". Anesthesiology Research and Practice 2018 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9683780.

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Background. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of listening to Tibetan music on anxiety and endocrine, autonomic, cognitive responses in patients waiting for urologic surgery.Methods. Sixty patients waiting for surgery were enrolled to the study. They were randomized in music (M) and control (C) groups. The M group listened to a low-frequency Tibetan music for 30 min (T0–T30) through headphones, and the C group wore headphones with no sound. The State Trait Anxiety Inventory Questionnaire (STAI) Y-1 was administered at T0and T30. Normalized low (LFnu) and high frequencies (HFnu) of heart rate variability, LF/HF ratio, and galvanic skin response (GRS) data were analyzed at T0, T10, T20, T30, and T35. The salivaryα-amylase (sAA) samples were collected at T0, T35, and T45.Results. In the M group, the STAI Y-1 score decreased at T30versus baselinep<0.001, sAA levels decreased at T35versus T0p=0.004, and GSR remained unchanged. In the C group, the STAI Y-1 score remained unchanged, sAA level increased at T35versus T0p<0.001, and GSR slightly increased at T35versus baselinep=0.359. LFnu was lower, and HFnu was significantly higher (T10–T30) in M versus C group. Mean LF/HF ratio slightly reduced in the M group.Conclusions. Our results suggest that preoperative listening to relaxing Tibetan music might be a useful strategy to manage preoperative anxiety.

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Defrin, Ruth, Tali Benromano i Chaim G. Pick. "Specific Behavioral Responses Rather Than Autonomic Responses Can Indicate and Quantify Acute Pain among Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities". Brain Sciences 11, nr 2 (18.02.2021): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11020253.

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Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are at a high risk of experiencing pain. Pain management requires assessment, a challenging mission considering the impaired communication skills in IDD. We analyzed subjective and objective responses following calibrated experimental stimuli to determine whether they can differentiate between painful and non-painful states, and adequately quantify pain among individuals with IDD. Eighteen adults with IDD and 21 healthy controls (HC) received experimental pressure stimuli (innocuous, mildly noxious, and moderately noxious). Facial expressions (analyzed with the Facial Action Coding System (FACS)) and autonomic function (heart rate, heart rate variability (HRV), pulse, and galvanic skin response (GSR)) were continuously monitored, and self-reports using a pyramid and a numeric scale were obtained. Significant stimulus-response relationships were observed for the FACS and pyramid scores (but not for the numeric scores), and specific action units could differentiate between the noxious levels among the IDD group. FACS scores of the IDD group were higher and steeper than those of HC. HRV was overall lower among the IDD group, and GSR increased during noxious stimulation in both groups. In conclusion, the facial expressions and self-reports seem to reliably detect and quantify pain among individuals with mild-moderate IDD; their enhanced responses may indicate increased pain sensitivity that requires careful clinical consideration.

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Panigrahy, Saroj Kumar, Sanjay Kumar Jena i Ashok Kumar Turuk. "Study and Analysis of Human Stress Detection using Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) Sensor in Wired and Wireless Environments". Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology 10, nr 2 (2017): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-360x.2017.00109.3.

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Raheel, Aasim, Muhammad Majid, Majdi Alnowami i Syed Muhammad Anwar. "Physiological Sensors Based Emotion Recognition While Experiencing Tactile Enhanced Multimedia". Sensors 20, nr 14 (21.07.2020): 4037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20144037.

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Emotion recognition has increased the potential of affective computing by getting an instant feedback from users and thereby, have a better understanding of their behavior. Physiological sensors have been used to recognize human emotions in response to audio and video content that engages single (auditory) and multiple (two: auditory and vision) human senses, respectively. In this study, human emotions were recognized using physiological signals observed in response to tactile enhanced multimedia content that engages three (tactile, vision, and auditory) human senses. The aim was to give users an enhanced real-world sensation while engaging with multimedia content. To this end, four videos were selected and synchronized with an electric fan and a heater, based on timestamps within the scenes, to generate tactile enhanced content with cold and hot air effect respectively. Physiological signals, i.e., electroencephalography (EEG), photoplethysmography (PPG), and galvanic skin response (GSR) were recorded using commercially available sensors, while experiencing these tactile enhanced videos. The precision of the acquired physiological signals (including EEG, PPG, and GSR) is enhanced using pre-processing with a Savitzky-Golay smoothing filter. Frequency domain features (rational asymmetry, differential asymmetry, and correlation) from EEG, time domain features (variance, entropy, kurtosis, and skewness) from GSR, heart rate and heart rate variability from PPG data are extracted. The K nearest neighbor classifier is applied to the extracted features to classify four (happy, relaxed, angry, and sad) emotions. Our experimental results show that among individual modalities, PPG-based features gives the highest accuracy of 78.57 % as compared to EEG- and GSR-based features. The fusion of EEG, GSR, and PPG features further improved the classification accuracy to 79.76 % (for four emotions) when interacting with tactile enhanced multimedia.

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Lee, JeeEun, i Sun K. Yoo. "Recognition of Negative Emotion Using Long Short-Term Memory with Bio-Signal Feature Compression". Sensors 20, nr 2 (20.01.2020): 573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20020573.

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Negative emotion is one reason why stress causes negative feedback. Therefore, many studies are being done to recognize negative emotions. However, emotion is difficult to classify because it is subjective and difficult to quantify. Moreover, emotion changes over time and is affected by mood. Therefore, we measured electrocardiogram (ECG), skin temperature (ST), and galvanic skin response (GSR) to detect objective indicators. We also compressed the features associated with emotion using a stacked auto-encoder (SAE). Finally, the compressed features and time information were used in training through long short-term memory (LSTM). As a result, the proposed LSTM used with the feature compression model showed the highest accuracy (99.4%) for recognizing negative emotions. The results of the suggested model were 11.3% higher than with a neural network (NN) and 5.6% higher than with SAE.

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Das, Sumit, Manas Kumar Sanyal i Debamoy Datta. "Artificial Intelligent Embedded Doctor (AIEDr.)". International Journal of Big Data and Analytics in Healthcare 4, nr 2 (lipiec 2019): 34–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbdah.2019070103.

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This article focuses on the development of a diagnostic model for low back pain management, a mathematical model describing the cause of the disease and an inclusive hardware implementation with artificial intelligence (AI). It has been observed that the greater part of the people in developing countries cannot afford the cost of this treatment due to low financial status. Moreover, a continuous assessment is not made for continuous monitoring of the patient's status. The problem of back pain develops slowly and if some early assessments can be made, then the treatment becomes effective. The proposed method developed in this article is based on galvanic skin response (GSR). GSR is used to monitor the pain of the patients and a modified back-pain management algorithm is used for tackling the correlation between stress and pain. The system continuously monitors the condition of a patient and if any symptoms of low back pain (LBP) develop, it immediately diagnoses diseases and chronic pains, and it recommends going to a doctor.

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Álvarez-Pato, Víctor M., Claudia N. Sánchez, Julieta Domínguez-Soberanes, David E. Méndoza-Pérez i Ramiro Velázquez. "A Multisensor Data Fusion Approach for Predicting Consumer Acceptance of Food Products". Foods 9, nr 6 (11.06.2020): 774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9060774.

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Sensory experiences play an important role in consumer response, purchase decision, and fidelity towards food products. Consumer studies when launching new food products must incorporate physiological response assessment to be more precise and, thus, increase their chances of success in the market. This paper introduces a novel sensory analysis system that incorporates facial emotion recognition (FER), galvanic skin response (GSR), and cardiac pulse to determine consumer acceptance of food samples. Taste and smell experiments were conducted with 120 participants recording facial images, biometric signals, and reported liking when trying a set of pleasant and unpleasant flavors and odors. Data fusion and analysis by machine learning models allow predicting the acceptance elicited by the samples. Results confirm that FER alone is not sufficient to determine consumers’ acceptance. However, when combined with GSR and, to a lesser extent, with pulse signals, acceptance prediction can be improved. This research targets predicting consumer’s acceptance without the continuous use of liking scores. In addition, the findings of this work may be used to explore the relationships between facial expressions and physiological reactions for non-rational decision-making when interacting with new food products.

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