Zaloguj się

Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Gac / Artykuły w czasopismach

Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Gac”

Kliknij ten link, aby zobaczyć inne rodzaje publikacji na ten temat: Gac.

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 20 lutego 2023

Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych

Wybierz rodzaj źródła:

Sprawdź 50 najlepszych artykułów w czasopismach naukowych na temat „Gac”.

Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.

Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.

Przeglądaj artykuły w czasopismach z różnych dziedzin i twórz odpowiednie bibliografie.

1

Kamboj, Nitin, i Mohrana Choudhary. "Impact of solid waste disposal on ground water quality near Gazipur dumping site, Delhi, India". Journal of Applied and Natural Science 5, nr 2 (1.12.2013): 306–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v5i2.322.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The present study was carried out to study the impact of domestic wastes disposal on ground water quality at Delhi, India. Ground water is one of the major sources of drinking water in arid and semi-arid regions. Ground water quality data and its distributions are important for the purpose of planning and management. The samples of ground water were collected and analyzed for various physico-chemical parameters viz. conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, chloride, sulphate, nitrate, phosphate,fluoride, sodium and potassium. Among these parameters, TDS were found higher 1400, 1068, 1524, 1656, 840, 1106, 1540, 1330, 1900, 1960, 1914, 2061 mg/l at all the Ga1,Ga2, Ga3, Ga4, Ga5, Ga6, Ga7, Ga8, Ga9, Ga10, Ga11, Ga12, Ga13, Ga14, Ga15, Ga16 sampling sites respectively. TDS were observed beyond the desirable limits of BIS at all the sampling sites. Maximum value of TDS (2061 mg/l) was found at the sampling site Ga12 while the minimum value of TDS (1061 mg/l) was found at the sampling site Ga2. Maximum value of chloride (560 mg/l) wasfound at sampling site Ga4, while the minimum value of chloride (60 mg/l) was found at sampling site Ga5 and rest all other parameters were found within permissible limit. The present study concluded that the chloride and TDS in water samples were above to the desirable limit and below to the permissible limit of BIS and rest all other parameters were within desirable limit.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

2

van den Broek, Daan, Thomas F. C. Chin-A-Woeng, Guido V. Bloemberg i Ben J. J. Lugtenberg. "Role of RpoS and MutS in phase variation of Pseudomonas sp. PCL1171". Microbiology 151, nr 5 (1.05.2005): 1403–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.27777-0.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Pseudomonas sp. strain PCL1171 undergoes reversible colony phase variation between opaque phase I and translucent phase II colonies, which is dependent on spontaneous mutations in the regulatory genes gacA and gacS. Mutation of the mutS gene and constitutive expression of rpoS increases the frequency at which gac mutants appear 1000- and 10-fold, respectively. Experiments were designed to study the relationship between gacS, rpoS and mutS. These studies showed that (i) a functional gac system is required for the expression of rpoS, (ii) RpoS suppresses the expression of mutS and therefore increases the frequency of gac mutants, and (iii) upon mutation of rpoS and gacS, the expression of mutS is increased. Mutation of gacS abolishes suppression of mutS expression in stationary growth, suggesting that additional gac-dependent factors are involved in this suppression. In conclusion, inefficient mutation repair via MutS, of which the expression is influenced by gacA/S itself and by rpoS in combination with other factors, contributes to the high frequency of mutations accumulating in gacA/S. The role of RpoS in the growth advantage of a gac mutant was analysed, and mutation of rpoS only reduced the length of the lag phase, but did not affect the growth rate, suggesting a role for both RpoS and a reduction of metabolic load in the growth advantage of a gac mutant.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

3

Zha, Daiming, Li Xu, Houjin Zhang i Yunjun Yan. "The Two-Component GacS-GacA System ActivateslipATranslation by RsmE but Not RsmA in Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, nr 21 (15.08.2014): 6627–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02184-14.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

ABSTRACTInPseudomonasspp., the Gac-Rsm signal transduction system is required for the production of lipases. The current model assumes that the system induces lipase gene transcription mediated through the quorum-sensing (QS) system. However, there are no reports of a QS system based uponN-acyl homoserine lactones or the regulation of lipase gene expression inPseudomonas protegens. In this study, we investigated the regulatory mechanism acting onlipAexpression activated by the Gac-Rsm system inP. protegensPf-5 through deletion and overexpression ofgacA, overexpression ofrsmAorrsmE, expression of variouslacZfusions, reverse transcription-PCR analysis, and determination of whole-cell lipase activity. The results demonstrated that the GacS-GacA (GacS/A) system activateslipAexpression at both the transcriptional and the translational levels but that the translational level is the key regulatory pathway. Further results showed that the activation oflipAtranslation by the GacS/A system is mediated through RsmE, which inhibitslipAtranslation by binding to the ACAAGGAUGU sequence overlapping the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence oflipAmRNA to hinder the access of the 30S ribosomal subunit to the SD sequence. Moreover, the GacS/A system promoteslipAtranscription through the mediation of RsmA inhibitinglipAtranscription via an unknown pathway. Besides the transcriptional repression, RsmA mainly activateslipAtranslation by negatively regulatingrsmEtranslation. In summary, inP. protegensPf-5, the Gac-RsmE system mainly and directly activateslipAtranslation and the Gac-RsmA system indirectly enhanceslipAtranscription.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

4

van den Broek, Daan, Thomas F. C. Chin-A-Woeng, Guido V. Bloemberg i Ben J. J. Lugtenberg. "Molecular Nature of Spontaneous Modifications in gacS Which Cause Colony Phase Variation in Pseudomonas sp. Strain PCL1171". Journal of Bacteriology 187, nr 2 (15.01.2005): 593–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.2.593-600.2005.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas sp. strain PCL1171 displays colony phase variation between opaque phase I and translucent phase II colonies, thereby regulating the production of secondary metabolites and exoenzymes. Complementation and sequence analysis of 26 phase II mutants and of 13 wild-type phase II sectors growing out of phase I colonies showed that in all these cases the phase II phenotype is caused by spontaneous mutations in gacA or/and gacS. Mutation of gac reduced both the length of the lag phase and the generation time. Isolation and sequencing of the gacS genes from the phase II bacteria revealed one insertion as well as several random point mutations, deletions, and DNA rearrangements. Most phase II colonies reverted with a high frequency, resulting in wild-type gacA and gacS genes and a phase I phenotype. Some phase II bacteria retained the phase II phenotype but changed genotypically as a result of (re)introduction of mutations in either gacA or gacS. The reversion of gacA or gacS to the wild type was not affected by mutation of recA and recB. We conclude that in Pseudomonas sp. strain PCL1171, mutations in gacA and gacS are the basis for phase variation from phase I to phase II colonies and that, since these mutations are efficiently removed, mutations in gac result in dynamic switches between the “wild-type” population and the subpopulations harboring spontaneous mutations in gacA and or gacS, thereby enabling both populations to be maintained.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

5

Driscoll, William W., John W. Pepper, Leland S. Pierson i Elizabeth A. Pierson. "Spontaneous Gac Mutants of Pseudomonas Biological Control Strains: Cheaters or Mutualists?" Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77, nr 20 (26.08.2011): 7227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00679-11.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

ABSTRACTBacteria rely on a range of extracellular metabolites to suppress competitors, gain access to resources, and exploit plant or animal hosts. The GacS/GacA two-component regulatory system positively controls the expression of many of these beneficial external products in pseudomonad bacteria. Natural populations often contain variants with defective Gac systems that do not produce most external products. These mutants benefit from a decreased metabolic load but do not appear to displace the wild type in nature. How could natural selection maintain the wild type in the presence of a mutant with enhanced growth? One hypothesis is that Gac mutants are “cheaters” that do not contribute to the public good, favored within groups but selected against between groups, as groups containing more mutants lose access to ecologically important external products. An alternative hypothesis is that Gac mutants have a mutualistic interaction with the wild type, so that each variant benefits by the presence of the other. In the biocontrol bacteriumPseudomonas chlororaphisstrain 30-84, Gac mutants do not produce phenazines, which suppress competitor growth and are critical for biofilm formation. Here, we test the predictions of these alternative hypotheses by quantifying interactions between the wild type and the phenazine- and biofilm-deficient Gac mutant within growing biofilms. We find evidence that the wild type and Gac mutants interact mutualistically in the biofilm context, whereas a phenazine-defective structural mutant does not. Our results suggest that the persistence of alternative Gac phenotypes may be due to the stabilizing role of local mutualistic interactions.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

6

Wang, Ruiping, Shumei Song, Jiangjiang Qin, Yuan Li, Yibo Fan, Deyali Chatterjee, Ghia Tatlonghari i in. "Abstract 5017: A single-cell atlas of tumor microenvironment defines the continuum of gastric adenocarcinoma tumorigenesis and progression". Cancer Research 82, nr 12_Supplement (15.06.2022): 5017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5017.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract Gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC), a global health burden, lacks detail understanding of the evolution-driven cellular/molecular programs that lead to GAC tumorigenesis followed by progression/metastases. The definition of the interplay(s) between immune/stromal cells and premalignant/malignant GAC cells could propel us into a new dimension of understanding and therapeutics. Here, we performed a comprehensive single-cell profiling of 68 specimens collected from 43 subjects including non-neoplastic tumor adjacent tissue, precancerous lesions, localized, and metastatic GACs. We profiled a total of 77,392 high-quality cells which revealed 62 unique cell states uncovering varying profiles. We define alterations in TMEs that underscore initiation of tumorigenesis to eventual progression. For instance, we found a striking preponderance of B lineage cells, primarily the IgA+ plasma cells, in TMEs of the precancerous lesions, whereas 3 immunosuppressive myeloid subsets with high expression of genes signature including SPP1, LAIR1, SIRPA, TIM-3, TGFB1, and MARCO dominated in advanced GACs. We observed that fractions of GZMK+ effector CD8 T cells and progenitor exhausted CD8 T cells gradually increased as GACs progressed to advanced stages with highest abundant in metastatic GACs. In addition, our analysis revealed extensive stromal remodeling along the GAC continuum, which may have contributed to enhanced angiogenesis and progressive immune suppressive signaling. Notably, we uncovered 3 unique TME interactomes that are defined by 6 cellular environtypes that provide context-dependent definition and granularity to GAC networks inhabited by 62 TME cell subsets giving GAC to a novel landscape not yet defined. The two distinct environtypes in GAC primaries are validated in three independent large-scale GAC cohorts, giving credence and definition to previously established histopathological variables, genomic/molecular subtypes and clinical outcomes. The analysis of tumor associated stromal cells discovered SDC2 as an exploitable target to pursue. SDC2 was not only abundant in the stroma, but the abundance is validated in 3 independent single-cell GAC cohorts as well as at the protein level using independent approaches. Overexpression of SDC2 formed a gradient from early GAC to metastatic and is prognostic in large-scale GAC cohorts examined. This study provides an atlas of GAC TMEs from tumorigenesis to advanced GAC that could be further developed for novel therapeutics but also serves as a community resource. Citation Format: Ruiping Wang, Shumei Song, Jiangjiang Qin, Yuan Li, Yibo Fan, Deyali Chatterjee, Ghia Tatlonghari, Zhiyuan Xu, Can Hu, Shaowei Mo, Matheus D. Sewastjanow, Ahmed Adel Fouad Abdelhakeem, Zhenning Wang, Xiangdong Cheng, Jaffer A. Ajani, Linghua Wang. A single-cell atlas of tumor microenvironment defines the continuum of gastric adenocarcinoma tumorigenesis and progression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5017.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

7

Bastami, Sina, Sina Ghassa, Amin Seyedhakimi i Saeed Chehreh Chelgani. "Adsorption of Mercury from a Cyanide Leaching Solution Using Various Activation Rates of Granular Activated Carbon: A Laboratory- and Industrial-Scale Study". Sustainability 12, nr 8 (17.04.2020): 3287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083287.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The use of granular activated carbon (GAC) is a typical and sustainable technique for recovering precious metals from a cyanide leaching solution (CLS). The level of GAC activity is a fundamental factor in assessing the rate of precious metal adsorption; thus, it is essential to determine the efficiency of carbon elution for reproducing GACs. Since mercury (Hg) adsorption plays a critical role, economically and environmentally, in GAC efficiency, we conducted various laboratory and industrial experiments to explore the effect of different rates of GAC activation (10%, 35%, 70% and 100%) on Hg adsorption from CLS. Assessments of laboratory test results showed a direct relationship between the Hg adsorption and GAC activity; by increasing the GAC activity from 10% to 100%, the recovery of Hg was increased from 20% to 41%. Kinetic modeling results indicated that the Hg adsorption for all GAC activities followed chemisorption mechanisms. There was good agreement between the laboratory test results and the results of experiments on the industrial scale (that used a continuous circuit). These outcomes indicate that by increasing the frequency of carbon reactivation and using GAC with a high level of activity in the first tank, Hg desorption was meaningfully decreased and recovery was improved (for 10% GAC activity vs. 35% GAC activity, recovery was 40% vs. 90%, respectively).

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

8

Wang, Feifei, Lu Zhang, Liangfu Wei i Jan Peter van der Hoek. "Removal of Hydrogen Peroxide Residuals and By-Product Bromate from Advanced Oxidation Processes by Granular Activated Carbon". Water 13, nr 18 (7.09.2021): 2460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13182460.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

During drinking water treatment, advanced oxidation process (AOP) with O3 and H2O2 may result in by-products, residual H2O2 and BrO3−. The water containing H2O2 and BrO3− often flows into subsequent granular activated carbon (GAC) filters. A concentrated H2O2 solution can be used as GAC modification reagent at 60 °C to improve its adsorption ability. However, whether low concentrations of H2O2 residuals from AOP can modify GAC, and the impact of H2O2 residuals on BrO3− removal by the subsequent GAC filter at ambient temperature, is unknown. This study evaluated the modification of GAC surface functional groups by residual H2O2 and its effect on BrO3− removal by GAC. Results showed that both H2O2 and BrO3− were effectively removed by virgin GAC, while pre-loaded and regenerated GACs removed H2O2 but not BrO3− anymore. At the ambient temperature 150 µmol/L H2O2 residuals consumed large amounts of functional groups, which resulted in the decrease of BrO3− removal by virgin GAC in the presence of H2O2 residuals. Redox reactions between BrO3− and surface functional groups played a dominant role in BrO3− removal by GAC, and only a small amount of BrO3− was removed by GAC adsorption. The higher the pH, the less BrO3− removal and the more H2O2 removal was observed.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

9

Martï¿½nez-Granero, Francisco, Rafael Rivilla i Marta Martï¿½n. "Rhizosphere Selection of Highly Motile Phenotypic Variants of Pseudomonas fluorescens with Enhanced Competitive Colonization Ability". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, nr 5 (maj 2006): 3429–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.72.5.3429-3434.2006.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

ABSTRACT Phenotypic variants of Pseudomonas fluorescens F113 showing a translucent and diffuse colony morphology show enhanced colonization of the alfalfa rhizosphere. We have previously shown that in the biocontrol agent P. fluorescens F113, phenotypic variation is mediated by the activity of two site-specific recombinases, Sss and XerD. By overexpressing the genes encoding either of the recombinases, we have now generated a large number of variants (mutants) after selection either by prolonged laboratory cultivation or by rhizosphere passage. All the isolated variants were more motile than the wild-type strain and appear to contain mutations in the gacA and/or gacS gene. By disrupting these genes and complementation analysis, we have observed that the Gac system regulates swimming motility by a repression pathway. Variants isolated after selection by prolonged cultivation formed a single population with a swimming motility that was equal to the motility of gac mutants, being 150% more motile than the wild type. The motility phenotype of these variants was complemented by the cloned gac genes. Variants isolated after rhizosphere selection belonged to two different populations: one identical to the population isolated after prolonged cultivation and the other comprising variants that besides a gac mutation harbored additional mutations conferring higher motility. Our results show that gac mutations are selected both in the stationary phase and during rhizosphere colonization. The enhanced motility phenotype is in turn selected during rhizosphere colonization. Several of these highly motile variants were more competitive than the wild-type strain, displacing it from the root tip within 2 weeks.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

10

Kim, Taehoon, i Byungryul An. "Effect of Hydrogen Ion Presence in Adsorbent and Solution to Enhance Phosphate Adsorption". Applied Sciences 11, nr 6 (20.03.2021): 2777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11062777.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

In this paper, the effect of hydrogen ions on the adsorption onto granular activated carbon (GAC) with the inorganic contaminant phosphate, which exists as a form of four species depending on the solution pH, is investigated. Various batch isotherm and kinetic experiments were conducted in an initial pH 4 as an acid, a pH 7 as neutral, and a pH 9 solution as a base for the GAC conditioned with deionized water and hydrochloric acid, referred to as GAC and GACA, respectively. The physical properties, such as the total surface area, pore volume, pore size distribution, and weight of the element, obtained from Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM–EDX) represent no significant differences. However, the hydrochloric acid (HCl) condition results in an alteration of the pH of the point of zero charge from 4.5 to 6.0. The optimized initial pH was determined as being acid for the GAC and as being neutral for the GACA. According to the Langmuir isotherm, the relatively high Qm was obtained as being acid for the GAC and clearly distinguishes the pH effect as being the base for the GACA. An attempt was made to assess the adsorption mechanism using the pseudo-first-order (PFO), the pseudo-second-order (PSO), and the intraparticle diffusion models. The higher R2 for the PSO in the entire pH range indicated that chemisorption was predominant for phosphate adsorption, and the pH did not change the adsorption mechanism. A prolonged Bed Volume (BV) for the GACA demonstrated that the hydrogen ions on the surface of the GAC enhanced phosphate adsorption.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

11

Panijel, Mary, Laura Chalupowicz, Guido Sessa, Shulamit Manulis-Sasson i Isaac Barash. "Global Regulatory Networks Control the Hrp Regulon of the Gall-Forming Bacterium Pantoea agglomerans pv. gypsophilae". Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 26, nr 9 (wrzesień 2013): 1031–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-04-13-0097-r.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Gall formation by Pantoea agglomerans pv. gypsophilae is dependent on the hypersensitive response and pathogenicity (hrp) system. Previous studies demonstrated that PagR and PagI, regulators of the quorum-sensing system, induce expression of the hrp regulatory cascade (i.e., hrpXY, hrpS, and hrpL) that activates the HrpL regulon. Here, we isolated the genes of the Gac/Rsm global regulatory pathway (i.e., gacS, gacA, rsmB, and csrD) and of the post-transcriptional regulator rsmA. Our results demonstrate that PagR and PagI also upregulate expression of the Gac/Rsm pathway. PagR acts as a transcriptional activator of each of the hrp regulatory genes and gacA in a N-butanoyl-L-homoserine lactone-dependent manner as shown by gel shift experiments. Mutants of the Gac/Rsm genes or overexpression of rsmA significantly reduced Pantoea agglomerans virulence and colonization of gypsophila. Overexpression of rsmB sRNA abolished gall formation, colonization, and hypersensitive reaction on nonhost plants and prevented transcription of the hrp regulatory cascade, indicating a lack of functional type III secretion system. Expression of rsmB sRNA in the background of the csrD null mutant suggests that CsrD may act as a safeguard for preventing excessive production of rsmB sRNA. Results presented indicate that the hrp regulatory cascade is controlled directly by PagR and indirectly by RsmA, whereas deficiency in RsmA activity is epistatic to PagR induction.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

12

Vinitnantharat, S., W. Rattanasirisophon i Y. Ishibashi. "Modification of granular activated carbon surface by chitosan coating for geosmin removal: sorption performances". Water Science and Technology 55, nr 5 (1.03.2007): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.173.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

This study presents the results of the sorption performances for geosmin removal by sorption onto granular activated carbons (GAC) manufactured from different raw materials of coconut shell and bituminous coal. The surface of GAC was modified by chitosan coating. The 90% deacetylated chitosan flakes were used for coating on GAC with the GAC: chitosan ratio of 5:1. The surface of GAC was characterised by scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and measurement of the pH solution of GAC samples. The sorption of geosmin onto the chitosan for both uncoated and coated GACs could be described by the Freundlich adsorption model. Data revealed that the sequence of Freundlich constant (KF) was chitosan coated bitominous coal (CB) > uncoated bituminous coal (UB) > chitosan coated coconut shell (CC) ≅ uncoated coconut shell (UC). The bituminous coal based GAC with chitosan coating had a maximum capacity of 23.57 μg/g which was approximately two-fold of uncoated bituminous coal based GAC. Two simplified kinetic models, pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order, were tested to investigate the sorption mechanisms. It was found that the intraparticle diffusion was a rate controlling step for the sorption and followed the pseudo-second order equation.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

13

Chae, S., i C. Wang. "Formation characterization and removal of disinfection by-products in water treatment processes". Water Supply 2, nr 5-6 (1.12.2002): 493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2002.0209.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

This study evaluates the formation and removal of DBPs along with precursors in a pilot-scale treatment plant employing conventional treatment processes (coagulation/ sedimentation/filtration), ozonation and granular activated carbon (GAC) treatment with three EBCT (10 min, 15 min, 20 min) and three types of GACs (coal-based F400, coal-based SLC, coconut-based SLC-2000). Pilot-scale study suggested that the GAC adsorber demanded more than EBCT 15 min for DBPs removal and exhibited excellent performance for HAA removal. During approximate a one-year pilot scale evaluation for ozone/GAC processes, as high efficiency of removal was continued, exchange cycle and regeneration life of GAC need to be decided through longer operation.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

14

Zhaoyang, Lu, Jiang Bicun i Li Aimin. "Effects of the functional groups attached to aromatic organic compounds on their adsorption onto preloaded activated carbon". Water Science and Technology 66, nr 8 (1.10.2012): 1799–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.349.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The adsorption of phenol, p-nitrophenol, aniline, and nitrobenzene onto a commercial granular activated carbon (GAC: F400) preloaded with tannic acid (TA), a model background contaminant, was investigated. Compared with virgin GAC, the adsorption capacities of the four selected aromatic organic compounds (AOCs) onto GACs preloaded with TA at three densities were affected significantly. Also, the relationship between the adsorption capacities of AOCs and the characteristics of GACs was further discussed and clarified in this manuscript. The differences in the functional groups attached to the AOCs did not affect the similar linear relationship between the micropore surface area and their capacities to AOCs. However, the adsorption capacities of AOCs on TA-loaded GAC were affected by the different functional groups on the four AOCs: 67.6% of the capacity of aniline for virgin F400 remained on F400c (a preloaded GAC), compared with 23.8, 25.9, and 36.5% of phenol, p-nitrophenol, and nitrobenzene, respectively. The diversity of adsorption behavior of the four AOCs with different substituents was the result of hybrid contributions, such as hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic effect and aromatic stacking.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

15

Lin, Shih-Shun, Hui-Wen Wu, Fuh-Jyh Jan, Roger F. Hou i Shyi-Dong Yeh. "Modifications of the Helper Component-Protease of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus for Generation of Attenuated Mutants for Cross Protection Against Severe Infection". Phytopathology® 97, nr 3 (marzec 2007): 287–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-97-3-0287.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

A nonpathogenic mild strain is essential for control of plant viruses by cross protection. Three amino acid changes, Arg180→Ile180 (GA mutation), Phe205→Leu205 (GB mutation), and Glu396→Asn396 (GC mutation), of the conserved motifs of the helper component-protease (HC-Pro) of a severe strain TW-TN3 of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), a member of the genus Potyvirus, were generated from an infectious cDNA clone that carried a green fluorescent protein reporter. The infectivity of individual mutants containing single, double, or triple mutations was assayed on local and systemic hosts. On Chenopodium quinoa plants, the GB mutant induced necrotic lesions; the GA, GC, and GBC mutants induced chlorotic spots; and the GAB and GAC mutants induced local infection only visualized by fluorescence microscopy. On squash plants, the GA, GB, GC, and GBC mutants caused milder mosaic; the GAC mutant induced slight leaf mottling followed by recovering; and the GAB mutant did not induce conspicuous symptoms. Also, the GAC mutant, but not the GAB mutant, conferred complete cross protection against the parental virus carrying a mite allergen as a reporter. When tested on transgene-silenced transgenic squash, the ability of posttranscriptional gene silencing suppression of the mutated HC-Pro of GAC was not significantly affected. We concluded that the mutations of the HC-Pro of ZYMV reduce the degrees of pathogenicity on squash and also abolish the ability for eliciting the hypersensitive reaction on C. quinoa, and that the mutant GAC is a useful mild strain for cross protection.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

16

Ding, Chun Sheng, Qian Fen Zhu, Ping Ning i Jing Ke Lu. "Preparation and Characterization of Modified Activated Carbon and its Influencing Factors of Cd²⁺ Adsorption". Advanced Materials Research 152-153 (październik 2010): 935–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.152-153.935.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

In order to improve the Cd2+ adsorption ability, the granular activated carbon (GAC) was modified with different treatments, and the Cd2+ removal efficiencies (REs) by the treated GACs were then comparatively investigated under different conditions. The surface physical-chemical properties of these carbons were further characterized in virtue of BET and Boehm’s titration, etc. The results demonstrate that the specific surface area and surface oxy acidity functional groups of GAC changed to some certain after the different treatments, especially for that with HNO3 oxidizing. It therefore led to an improvement of Cd2+ adsorption ability, and the corresponding REs by the N-GACs that were respectively modified with 10% and 70% HNO3 were significantly higher than that by the original GAC (i.e., 41% and 57% vs. 10%). pH was found to be the most vital influencing factor for the Cd2+ adsorption, and the Cd2+ REs by the tested GACs were all increased with an elevation in the pH value.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

17

Son, Heejong, Sangki Choi, Byungryul An, Hyejin Lee i Hoon-Sik Yoom. "Effect of Changes in Physical Properties of Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) on the Adsorption of Natural Organic Matter (NOM) with Increasing the Number of Thermal Regeneration: Pore Size and NOM Molecular Weight". Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 43, nr 7 (31.07.2021): 537–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2021.43.7.537.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of increasing the number of regeneration of granular activated carbon (GAC) on the adsorption capacity of natural organic matter (NOM), and to suggest the technical process options associated the limit number of regeneration and the efficient use of regenerated GAC.Methods : The physicochemical properties of virgin and thermally regenerated GAC were analyzed. To evaluate the NOM adsorption capacity of virgin- and regenerated-GAC, five laboratory-scale columns packed with virgin- and regenerated-GAC were used for treating effluent from pilot-scale drinking water treatment facility. The NOM concentration in the influent and the effluent treated by each column was analyzed by LC-OCD (liquid chromatography-organic carbon detector) to evaluate the adsorption capacity of each NOM fractions (humic substances (HS), building blocks (BB), low molecular weight organics (LMWs)).Results and Discussion : Due to the change in the pore structure of GAC by thermal regeneration, the volume of micropores (< 2 nm) decreased, while the volume of mesopores (> 2 nm) increased. The volume ratio of micropore in virgin-GAC was about 60%, but it gradually decreased as the number of regenerations increased, resulting that the volume ratio of micropore in the 5th-regenerated (5th-Re) GAC decreased to 23%. On the other hand, the volume ratio of mesopore increased in proportion to the number of regenerations from 40% of the virgin GAC to 77% of the 5th-Re-GAC. The DOC adsorption capacities of the regenerated GACs were higher than that of virgin GAC, and the DOC adsorption capacity increased as the number of regenerations increased. As a result of comparing the adsorption capacity of virgin- and regenerated-GAC by NOM fractions, the adsorption capacity of high molecular weight NOM, such as HS, increased by 1.5 to 1.7 times as the number of regenerations increased. In contrast, the adsorption capacity of low molecular weight NOM, such as BB and LMWs, decreased by 78% and 48% as the number of regeneration increased. The limit number of regeneration was evaluated based on that the adsorption capacity (qe) of each NOM fractions keep over than 70% relative to its virgin GAC. As a result, the adsorption capacity for low molecular weight NOM was greatly reduced in GAC regenerated over than 3rd time, so that the 2nd-Re-GAC was valid to keep 70% removal of whole NOM fractions. Low adsorption of low molecular weight NOM (BB and LMWs) by 3rd-Re-GAC could be complemented by using together with virgin-GAC, and low adsorption of high molecular NOMs (HS) could be compensated as well.Conclusions : Due to the change in the pore structure of GAC by thermal regeneration, the DOC adsorption capacity was higher in regenerated GAC than its virgin-GAC, and the adsorption capacity of DOC and high molecular weight NOM (HS) was enhanced as the number of regenerations increased. On the other hand, the pore volume of micropore was reduced by regenerations, and in more than 3rd times regenerations, the adsorption capacity of low molecular weight NOMs (BB and LMWs) was reduced by less than 70% compared to its virgin GAC, so that 2nd-Re-GAC was suggested for suitable GAC. When using a mixture of virgin- and 3rd-Re-GAC, low adsorption of low molecular weight NOM (BB and LMWs) by 3rd-Re-GAC could be complemented by using together with virgin-GAC, and low adsorption of high molecular NOMs (HS) could be compensated as well.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

18

Schmidt-Eisenlohr, Heike, Astrid Gast i Christian Baron. "Inactivation of gacS Does Not Affect the Competitiveness of Pseudomonas chlororaphis in the Arabidopsis thaliana Rhizosphere". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, nr 3 (marzec 2003): 1817–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.3.1817-1826.2003.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

ABSTRACT Quorum-sensing-controlled processes are considered to be important for the competitiveness of microorganisms in the rhizosphere. They affect cell-cell communication, biofilm formation, and antibiotic production, and the GacS-GacA two-component system plays a role as a key regulator. In spite of the importance of this system for the regulation of various processes, strains with a Gac− phenotype are readily recovered from natural habitats. To analyze the influence of quorum sensing and the influence of the production of the antibiotic phenazine-1-carboxamide on rhizosphere colonization by Pseudomonas chlororaphis, a gnotobiotic system based on Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings in soil was investigated. Transposon insertion mutants of P. chlororaphis isolate SPR044 carrying insertions in different genes required for the production of N-acyl-homoserine lactones and phenazine-1-carboxamide were generated. Analysis of solitary rhizosphere colonization revealed that after prolonged growth, the population of the wild type was significantly larger than that of the homoserine lactone-negative gacS mutant and that of a phenazine-1-carboxamide-overproducing strain. In cocultivation experiments, however, the population size of the gacS mutant was similar to that of the wild type after extended growth in the rhizosphere. A detailed analysis of growth kinetics was performed to explain this phenomenon. After cells grown to the stationary phase were transferred to fresh medium, the gacS mutant had a reduced lag phase, and production of the stationary-phase-specific sigma factor RpoS was strongly reduced. This may provide a relative competitive advantage in cocultures with other bacteria, because it permits faster reinitiation of growth after a change to nutrient-rich conditions. In addition, delayed entry into the stationary phase may allow more efficient nutrient utilization. Thus, GacS-GacA-regulated processes are not absolutely required for efficient rhizosphere colonization in populations containing the wild type and Gac− mutants.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

19

Takeuchi, Kasumi, Kosumi Yamada i Dieter Haas. "ppGpp Controlled by the Gac/Rsm Regulatory Pathway Sustains Biocontrol Activity in Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0". Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 25, nr 11 (listopad 2012): 1440–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-02-12-0034-r.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

In Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0 and other fluorescent pseudomonads, the Gac/Rsm signal transduction pathway is instrumental for secondary metabolism and biocontrol of root pathogens via the expression of regulatory small RNAs (sRNAs). Furthermore, in strain CHA0, an imbalance in the Krebs cycle can affect the strain's ability to produce extracellular secondary metabolites, including biocontrol factors. Here, we report the metabolome of wild-type CHA0, a gacA-negative mutant, which has lost Gac/Rsm activities, and a retS-negative mutant, which shows strongly enhanced Gac/Rsm-dependent activities. Capillary electrophoresis-based metabolomic profiling revealed that the gacA and retS mutations had opposite effects on the intracellular levels of a number of central metabolites, suggesting that the Gac/Rsm pathway regulates not only secondary metabolism but also primary metabolism in strain CHA0. Among the regulated metabolites identified, the alarmone guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) was characterized in detail by the construction of relA (for ppGpp synthase) and spoT (for ppGpp synthase/hydrolase) deletion mutants. In a relA spoT double mutant, ppGpp synthesis was completely abolished, the expression of Rsm sRNAs was attenuated, and physiological functions such as antibiotic production, root colonization, and plant protection were markedly diminished. Thus, ppGpp appears to be essential for sustaining epiphytic fitness and biocontrol activity of strain CHA0.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

20

Tewfik, Nazih, Samir Abdelmoaty, Barry L. Smith i Paulo Johann. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 23, nr 10 (październik 2004): 990–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle23100990.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

21

Burianyk, Mike, John M. Howie, Ezeanyagu Ifeanyichukwu, A. G. Onwuemesi, Hermes Malcotti, Adrián Rodríguez Herrera, Dave Pitcher i Susan Henley. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 24, nr 1 (styczeń 2005): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle24010044.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

22

Burianyk, Mike, James Sun i David Zinzer. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 24, nr 4 (kwiecień 2005): 398–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle24040398.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

23

Pitcher, Dave, Aldo Vesnaver, Peter Attewell i Mike Burianyk. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 24, nr 6 (czerwiec 2005): 594–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle24060594.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

24

Burianyk, Michael, Constantin Sava, Maurizio Fedi, Maxim Yu Podberezhny, Consuelo Garcia Moyonero, Neeraj Duhoon, Kemalmert ÖNAL, Honey Malinga i David Zinzer. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 24, nr 8 (sierpień 2005): 812–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle24080812.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

25

Abdelmoaty, Samir, i David Pitcher. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 24, nr 10 (październik 2005): 1006–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle24101006.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

26

Bo, Zhao. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 24, nr 11 (listopad 2005): 1146–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle24111146.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

27

Burianyk, Michael, i Andrei Bocin. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 25, nr 1 (styczeń 2006): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle25010042.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

28

Burianyk, Michael, Konstantin Osypov, Evgeny Landa i Vladimir Tcheverda. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 25, nr 5 (maj 2006): 659–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle25050659.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

29

Vesnaver, Aldo, Vaughn Ball, Cezar Iacob i Andrei Bocin. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 25, nr 6 (czerwiec 2006): 787–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle25060787.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

30

Bora, Bhagwan Singh, K. Sandhya Rani i T. Harinarayana. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 25, nr 7 (lipiec 2006): 812–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle25070812.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

31

Burianyk, Michael. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 25, nr 8 (sierpień 2006): 1014–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle25081014.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

32

Cox, Barbara, i Markku Peltoniemi. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 26, nr 1 (styczeń 2007): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle26010094.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

33

Chopra, Satinder. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 26, nr 2 (luty 2007): 238–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle26020238.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

34

Uchida, Toshihiro, i Tadeusz Ulrych. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 26, nr 3 (marzec 2007): 368–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle26030368.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

35

Yanchak, Dennis, Aleksei Shevchenko i Konstantin Osypov. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 26, nr 4 (kwiecień 2007): 532–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle26040532.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

36

Bridle, Ralph M., William L. Abriel i Steve Chang. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 26, nr 6 (czerwiec 2007): 787–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle26060787.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

37

Pitcher, David, Evgeny Landa, Sven Treitel, Tad Ulrych i Yoram Shoham. "GAC SPOTLIGHT". Leading Edge 26, nr 7 (lipiec 2007): 904–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle26070904.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

38

Vesnaver, Aldo, Aldo Vesnaver, Danila Tverdokhlebov i Sergey Gorbachev. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 26, nr 9 (wrzesień 2007): 1208–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle26091208.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

39

Bouma, Bastiaan. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 27, nr 5 (maj 2008): 684–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle27050684.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

40

Burianyk, Mike, Vladislav Kuznetsov i Bastiaan Bouma. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 27, nr 6 (czerwiec 2008): 806–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle27060806.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

41

Vesnaver, Aldo. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 27, nr 8 (sierpień 2008): 1060–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle27081060.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

42

Bouma, Bastiaan. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 28, nr 2 (luty 2009): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle28020249.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

43

Terekhova, Pam. "GAC Spotlight". Leading Edge 28, nr 5 (maj 2009): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle28050608.1.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

44

de Ridder, D. J., A. R. D. Verliefde, S. G. J. Heijman, J. Q. J. C. Verberk, L. C. Rietveld, L. T. J. van der Aa, G. L. Amy i J. C. van Dijk. "Influence of natural organic matter on equilibrium adsorption of neutral and charged pharmaceuticals onto activated carbon". Water Science and Technology 63, nr 3 (1.02.2011): 416–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.237.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Natural organic matter (NOM) can influence pharmaceutical adsorption onto granular activated carbon (GAC) by direct adsorption competition and pore blocking. However, in the literature there is limited information on which of these mechanisms is more important and how this is related to NOM and pharmaceutical properties. Adsorption batch experiments were carried out in ultrapure, waste- and surface water and fresh and NOM preloaded GAC was used. Twenty-one pharmaceuticals were selected with varying hydrophobicity and with neutral, negative or positive charge. The influence of NOM competition and pore blocking could not be separated. However, while reduction in surface area was similar for both preloaded GACs, up to 50% lower pharmaceutical removal was observed on wastewater preloaded GAC. This was attributed to higher hydrophobicity of wastewater NOM, indicating that NOM competition may influence pharmaceutical removal more than pore blocking. Preloaded GAC was negatively charged, which influenced removal of charged pharmaceuticals significantly. At a GAC dose of 6.7 mg/L, negatively charged pharmaceuticals were removed for 0–58%, while removal of positively charged pharmaceuticals was between 32–98%. Charge effects were more pronounced in ultrapure water, as it contained no ions to shield the surface charge. Solutes with higher log D could compete better with NOM, resulting in higher removal.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

45

Son, Heejong, Hoon-Sik Yoom, Chang-Dong Seo, Sang-Goo Kim i Yong-Soon Kim. "Evaluation of Dissolved Organic Matter Removal Characteristics in GAC Adsorption Process in Drinking Water Treatment Process using LC-OCD-OND". Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 42, nr 5 (31.05.2020): 239–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2020.42.5.239.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Objectives:In this study, we used liquid chromatograph-organic carbon detector-organic nitrogen detector (LC-OCD-OND) to evaluate adsorption and breakthrough characteristics of NOM fractions (biopolymers (BP), humic substances (HS), building blocks (BB) and low molecular weight organic substances (LMW-O)) according to the various characteristics of the different materials of granular activated carbons (GACs).Methods:Breakthrough characteristics, adsorption capacity and partition coefficients were evaluated by NOM fractions (BP, HS, BB, and LMW-O) using a lab-scale GAC adsorption column filled with coal-, coconut- and wood-based GAC. The GAC column test was operated with 10 minutes empty bed contact time (EBCT). The pore characteristics of each GAC were evaluated using an automated gas sorption analyzer (Autosorb iQ3, Quantachrome, USA) and the concentrations of NOM fractions in the influent and effluent were analyzed using chromatography LC-OCD-OND (Model 8, DOC-Labor, Germany).Results and Discussion:NOM adsorption capacity was evaluated for different materials of laboratory scale GAC adsorption column test. To study the adsorption behavior of individual NOM fractions according to the operation time, NOM was fractionated into BP, HS, BB and LMW-O by LC-OCD-OND, and the individual NOM fractions were quantified. Higher MW like BP was not adsorbed to GAC, in contrast, HS, BB, and LMW-O were well removed during the initial operation period, the concentrations in the effluent gradually increased as increase the operation period until reaching to the pseudo steady-state. Poor removal of BP in GAC adsorption may be a result of blocking the pores with large MW BP and hinder the access to the pores. However, in the case of HS, BB, and LMW-O, as the molecular size decreased, these organic matters easily access to the pores inside of GAC. It was confirmed through the partition coefficient that the adsorption capacity of these NOM fractions increased in proportion to the MW. In addition, in order to achieve a high NOM removal efficiency in the GAC adsorption process, not only the specific surface area, pore volume, and pore width of the GAC must be large, but also the pH<sub>zpc</sub> must be higher than the neutral pH level.Conclusions:In order to achieve a high NOM removal efficiency in the GAC adsorption process, not only the specific surface area, pore volume, and pore width of the GAC must be large, but also the pH<sub>zpc</sub> must be higher than the neutral pH level. In addition, in the NOM fractions, BP were not adsorbed to GAC, while the adsorption capacity of the remaining NOM fractions increased as the MW of the NOM fractions decreased. LMW-O was the most adsorbed, followed by BB, HS and BP. BP and HS play an important role in the membrane fouling that are introduced a lot into domestic and foreign water treatment plants. This study showed that the BP was not removed by the adsorption mechanism of the GAC process. In addition, HS was adsorbed and removed at the beginning of the operation, but the adsorption capacity of HS decreased rapidly as the operation period increased compared to other NOM fractions. Therefore, the GAC adsorption process is not expected to be an effective pre-treatment technology for reducing membrane foulants. Previous studies showed that the yields of DBPs (µmol･DBP/µmol･C) in the high MW humic and low MW non-humic fractions are similar. Therefore, it is suggested that the GAC adsorption process is more effective for DBP precursor control in water containing a larger percentage of LMW NOM.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

46

Takeuchi, Kasumi. "GABA, A Primary Metabolite Controlled by the Gac/Rsm Regulatory Pathway, Favors a Planktonic Over a Biofilm Lifestyle in Pseudomonas protegens CHA0". Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 31, nr 2 (luty 2018): 274–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-05-17-0120-r.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

In Pseudomonas protegens CHA0 and other fluorescent pseudomonads, the Gac/Rsm signal transduction pathway is crucial for the expression of secondary metabolism and the biological control of fungi, nematodes, and insects. Based on the findings of a previous metabolomic study, the role of intracellular γ-aminobutyrate (GABA) as a potential signal in the Gac/Rsm pathway was investigated herein. The function and regulation of a gabDT (c01870-c01880) gene cluster in strain CHA0 were described. The gabT gene encoded GABA transaminase (GABAT) and enabled the growth of the bacterium on GABA, whereas the upstream gabD gene (annotated as a gene encoding succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase) had an unknown function. A gacA mutant exhibited low GABAT activity, leading to the markedly greater intracellular accumulation of GABA than in the wild type. In the gacA mutant, the RsmA and RsmE proteins caused translational gabD repression, with concomitant gabT repression. Due to very low GABAT activity, the gabT mutant accumulated GABA to high levels. This trait promoted a planktonic lifestyle, reduced biofilm formation, and favored root colonization without exhibiting the highly pleiotropic gacA phenotypes. These results suggest an important role of GABA in the Gac/Rsm-regulated niche adaptation of strain CHA0 to plant roots.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

47

Li, Yuan, Shumei Song, Melissa Pool Pizzi, Guangchun Han, Ailing W. Scott, Jiankang Jin, Yan Xu i in. "LncRNA PVT1 Is a Poor Prognosticator and Can Be Targeted by PVT1 Antisense Oligos in Gastric Adenocarcinoma". Cancers 12, nr 10 (15.10.2020): 2995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12102995.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) is inherently resistant or becomes resistant to therapy, leading to a poor prognosis. Mounting evidence suggests that lncRNAs can be used as predictive markers and therapeutic targets in the right context. In this study, we determined the role of lncRNA-PVT1 in GAC along with the value of inhibition of PVT1 using antisense oligos (ASOs). RNA scope in situ hybridization was used to analyze PVT1 expression in tumor tissue microarrays (TMAs) of GAC and paired normal tissues from 792 patients. Functional experiments, including colony formation and invasion assays, were performed to evaluate the effects of PVT1 ASO inhibition of PVT1 in vitro; patient-derived xenograft models were used to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of PVT1 ASOs in vivo. LncRNA-PVT1 was upregulated in GACs compared to the matched adjacent normal tissues in the TMA. LncRNA PVT1 expression was positively correlated with larger tumor size, deeper wall invasion, lymph node metastases, and short survival duration. Inhibition of PVT1 using PVT1 ASOs significantly suppressed tumor cell growth and invasion in vitro and in vivo. PVT1 expression was highly associated with poor prognosis in GAC patients and targeting PVT1 using PVT1 ASOs was effective at curtailing tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Thus, PVT1 is a poor prognosticator as well as therapeutic target. Targeting PVT1 using PVT1 ASOs provides a novel therapeutic strategy for GAC.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

48

Benstoem, F., i J. Pinnekamp. "Characteristic numbers of granular activated carbon for the elimination of micropollutants from effluents of municipal wastewater treatment plants". Water Science and Technology 76, nr 2 (4.04.2017): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.199.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Adsorption on granular activated carbon (GAC) is a promising step to extend existing treatment trains in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and, thus, to reduce the concentration of micropollutants (MPs) (e.g. pharmaceuticals) in wastewater. It is common practice to use characteristic numbers when choosing GAC for a specific application. In this study, characteristic numbers were correlated for five different GACs, with measured adsorption capacities of these carbons for three pharmaceutical MPs (carbamazepine, diclofenac and sulfamethoxazole) and dissolved organic carbon of a WWTP effluent. The adsorption capacities were measured using rapid small scale column tests. Density of GAC showed the highest correlation to adsorption of MP. All other characteristic numbers (iodine number, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface and methylene blue titre) are not suitable markers for choosing an appropriate activated carbon product for the elimination of MPs from municipal wastewater.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

49

Hatt, J. W., E. Germain i S. J. Judd. "Granular activated carbon for removal of organic matter and turbidity from secondary wastewater". Water Science and Technology 67, nr 4 (1.02.2013): 846–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.644.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

A range of commercial granular activated carbon (GAC) media have been assessed as pretreatment technologies for a downstream microfiltration (MF) process. Media were assessed on the basis of reduction in both organic matter and turbidity, since these are known to cause fouling in MF membranes. Isotherm adsorption analysis through jar testing with supplementary column trials revealed a wide variation between the different adsorbent materials with regard to organics removal and adsorption kinetics. Comparison with previous work using powdered activated carbon (PAC) revealed that for organic removal above 60% the use of GAC media incurs a significantly lower carbon usage rate than PAC. All GACs tested achieved a minimum of 80% turbidity removal. This combination of turbidity and organic removal suggests that GAC would be expected to provide a significant reduction in fouling of a downstream MF process with improved product water quality.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

50

Mardiah, Triana, Depison Depison i Helmi Ediyanto. "Phenotype Diversity and Gene Myostatin (MSTN) of Bangkok Chicken using PCR-RFLP". Buletin Peternakan 45, nr 4 (30.11.2021): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v45i4.68968.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

This study aims to characterize the phenotype and determine the diversity of the Myostatin (MSTN) gene at Bangkok chickens using the Polymerase Chain Reaction- Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. This study used 50 Bangkok chicken blood samples taken from the axillary vein on the wing. DNA was extracted using the protocol Genomic DNA Purification Kit from Promega and then amplified by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) using a pair of primers F: 5'GGT TTT GAC GAC ATG AGC CT3' R: 5'CAG GTG GAA TGT CAT GCA GA3' with product length 955 bp. Amplification products were cut using restriction enzyme MboI with cutting site ↓GATC. MSTN|MboI fragments of the Bangkok chicken were electrophoresed using 2% agarose gel and visualized using doc gel. The average difference test (T-test) on body weight and weight gain of Bangkok chickens from DOC to 3 months by gender. Polymorphism analysis includes allele frequency and genotype. Male and female Bangkok chickens have low phenotype diversity. The MSTN|MboI gene fragment is monomorphic with band positions of 492 bp, 244 bp, and 219 bp resulting in a genotype of ++, and there is one type of allele with a + allele frequency of 100%.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Oferujemy zniżki na wszystkie plany premium dla autorów, których prace zostały uwzględnione w tematycznych zestawieniach literatury. Skontaktuj się z nami, aby uzyskać unikalny kod promocyjny!