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Panurach, Teresa, Ryan Urquhart, Jay Strader, Laura Chomiuk, Arash Bahramian, Craig O. Heinke, Thomas J. Maccarone, James C. A. Miller-Jones i Gregory R. Sivakoff. "Tracking the Enigmatic Globular Cluster Ultracompact X-Ray Binary X1850–087: Extreme Radio Variability in the Hard State". Astrophysical Journal 946, nr 2 (1.04.2023): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acc4bf.
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Abstract The conditions under which accreting neutron stars launch radio-emitting jets and/or outflows are still poorly understood. The ultracompact X-ray binary X1850–087, located in the globular cluster NGC 6712, is a persistent atoll-type X-ray source that has previously shown unusual radio-continuum variability. Here we present the results of a pilot radio-monitoring program of X1850–087 undertaken with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array, with simultaneous or quasi-simultaneous Swift/XRT data obtained at each epoch. The binary is clearly detected in the radio in two of the six new epochs. When combined with previous data, these results suggest that X1850–087 shows radio emission at a slightly elevated hard-state X-ray luminosity of L X ≳ 2 × 1036 erg s−1, but no radio emission in its baseline hard state L X ∼ 1036 erg s−1. No clear X-ray spectral changes are associated with this factor of ≳10 radio variability. At all detected epochs, X1850–087 has a flat to inverted radio spectral index, more consistent with the partially absorbed optically thick synchrotron of a compact jet rather than the evolving optically thick to thin emission associated with transient expanding synchrotron-emitting ejecta. If the radio emission in X1850–087 is indeed due to a compact jet, then it is plausibly being launched and quenched in the hard state on timescales as short as a few days. Future radio monitoring of X1850–087 could help elucidate the conditions under which compact jets are produced around hard-state accreting neutron stars.
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Kweon, Suc-hyun, Jin sung Park i Byung Ha Park. "Sarcopenia and Its Association With Change of Bone Mineral Density and Functional Outcome in Old-Aged Hip Arthroplasty Patients". Geriatric Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation 13 (styczeń 2022): 215145932210928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21514593221092880.
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Aim This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and change in bone mineral density (BMD) and functional outcome in hip arthroplasty patients. Methods: Among the 221 patients who had undergone hip arthroplasty, 147 patients were enrolled. All patients were divided into 2 groups according to presence of sarcopenia. Bone mineral density (BMD) at hospitalization and 1-year after surgery and Barthel index was measured at the time of before injury, hospitalization, 3 months and 1-year after surgery. Results: BMD at hospitalization showed .627 ± .082 (g/cm2) in Sarcopenia and .726 ± .059 (g/cm2) in Non-sarcopenia at femur (total) site ( P < .001), .531 ± .085 (g/cm2) vs .629 ± .057 (g/cm2) at femur neck site (P=.002), .715 ± .084 (g/cm2) vs .807 ± .058 (g/cm2) at lumbar (L1-L4) site ( P < .001). BMD at 1-year follow-up period, Sarcopenia showed .626 ± .082 (g/cm2) and Non-sarcopenia showed .725 ± .060 (g/cm2) at femur (total) site ( P < .001), .530 ± .085 (g/cm2) vs .629 ± .058 (g/cm2) at femur neck site ( P < .001), .715 ± .084 (g/cm2) vs .806 ± .058 (g/cm2) at lumbar (L1-L4) site ( P < .001). Change of BMD showed −.01 ± .25% for Sarcopenia and −.15 ± .47% for Non-sarcopenia in femur (total) site (P=.089), −.08 ± .63% vs −.01 ± 1.01% in femur neck site ( P = .058), .00 ± .09% vs −.12 ± .33% for each group in lumbar (L1-L4) site ( P = .052). Barthel index score showed 79.94 ± 5.66 for Sarcopenia and 84.74 ± 5.36 for Non-sarcopenia at pre-injury status ( P < .001), 33.89 ± 4.94 vs 33.87 ± 5.36 at the time of hospitalization ( P = .977), 57.42 ± 7.19 vs 60.06 ± 5.39 at 3 months follow up ( P = .015), 73.86 ± 5.94 vs 80.71 ± 4.81 for each group at 1-year follow up ( P < .001). Conclusions: Our study found that the sarcopenia showed lower BMD than the non-sarcopenia, but there was no significant difference of BMD change in the follow-up period. In addition, the sarcopenia showed poor functional results at all points except at the time of hospitalization.
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Gourley, K. M., J. C. Woodworth, J. M. DeRouchey, M. D. Tokach, S. S. Dritz i R. D. Goodband. "087 Determining the phosphorus release for Natuphos E 5000 G phytase for nursery pigs". Journal of Animal Science 95, suppl_2 (1.03.2017): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/asasmw.2017.087.
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Eryilmaz, G., C. Salcini, B. Onen Unsalver, I. Gogcegoz i E. Saglam. "P.1.g.087 Hyperammonemic encephalopathy caused by combined electroconvulsive therapy and valproate use". European Neuropsychopharmacology 23 (październik 2013): S241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-977x(13)70374-2.
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Chapagain, Tika Ram, Surendra Prasad Yadav, Sabita Sharma i Surendra Lal Shrestha. "Improvement of Productivity and Quality of Nepalese Tomato Genotypes Using Black Polyethylene Film as Mulching Material". Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research 10, nr 2 (27.02.2023): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajahr/2023/v10i2224.
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An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of black plastic mulch on yield and other associated characters of promising tomato genotypes developed by the National Horticulture Research Centre, Nepal at the Directorate of Agricultural Research, Tarahara, Nepal, during the winter season of 2019. Nine tomato genotypes (HRDTOM 011, HRD 109, HRDTOM 035, HRDTOM 080, HRDTOM 079, HRDTOM 084, HRDTOM 085, HRDTOM 086, and Pusa Ruby as a check) were evaluated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Genotypes were transplanted 60 cm apart. Analysis of variance showed significant differences for marketable fruits and yield per plant, average fruit weight, total marketable and unmarketable fruit yield, and total fruit yield. Among the tested genotypes, HARDTOM 011 developed the highest (174) number of marketable fruits per plant with the lowest (12.92 g) individual average fruit weight. In contrast, HRDTOM 080 produced the lowest (36) number of marketable fruits per plant with the highest (49.70 g) individual fruit weight. HRD 109 and Pusa Ruby provided the highest (69.74 t ha-1) and the lowest (38.51 t ha-1) marketable fruit yields, respectively. The highest total fruit yield was also obtained from the HRD 109. Similarly, HRDTOM 085 and HRDTOM 035 had the highest total soluble solids and fruit size, respectively. Firmness of the fruit and pH content did not differ among the genotypes. With the same genotypes and location (Tarahara), a 98% greater yield demonstrated that tomato production may be significantly boosted with the use of polyethylene film as a mulching medium in winter tomato production in Nepal.
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Khlebnikova, N., i N. Krupina. "P.1.g.087 Long-term behavioural effects of neonatal administration of the dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors diprotin A and sitagliptin". European Neuropsychopharmacology 24 (październik 2014): S254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-977x(14)70398-0.
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Scheidt, Peter C., Barry I. Graubard, Howard J. Hoffman, Dolores A. Bryla, Karin B. Nelson, Deborah G. Hirtz i Lawrence M. Gartner. "Intelligence at Six Years in Relation to Neonatal Bilirubin Level: Follow-up of The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Clinical Trial of Phototherapy". Pediatrics 87, nr 6 (1.06.1991): 797–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.87.6.797.
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Results of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Randomized Controlled Trial of Phototherapy were examined for the relationship of neonatal bilirubin level to neurological and developmental outcome at 6-year follow-up. This analysis focused on 224 control children with birth weight of less than 2000 g. Bilirubin levels were maintained below previously specified levels by the use of exchange transfusion only (24%). Rates of cerebral palsy were not significantly higher for children with elevated maximum bilirubin level than for those whose level remained low. No association was evident between maximum bilirubin level and IQ (Full Scale, Verbal, or Performance) by simple correlation analysis (r = -.087, P = .2 for Full Scale) or by multiple linear regression adjusting for factors that covary with IQ (β = -.15, P = .58). IQ was not associated with mean bilirubin level, time and duration of exposure to bilirubin, or measures of bilirubin-albumin binding. Thus, over the range of bilirubin levels permitted in this clinical trial, there was no evidence of bilirubin toxicity to the central nervous system. Measures used to control the level of bilirubin in low birth weight neonates appear to prevent effectively the risk of bilirubin-induced neurotoxicity.
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Wong, Ka-Chun, Wai-Yin Pang, Xin-Lun Wang, Sao-Keng Mok, Wan-Ping Lai, Hung-Kay Chow, Ping-Chung Leung, Xin-Sheng Yao i Man-Sau Wong. "Drynaria fortunei-derived total flavonoid fraction and isolated compounds exert oestrogen-like protective effects in bone". British Journal of Nutrition 110, nr 3 (10.01.2013): 475–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114512005405.
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Drynaria fortunei (Kunze) J. Sm. (DF), a Chinese herb commonly used for the treatment of bone fracture, was previously shown to exert anabolic effects on bone. However, its active ingredients as well as the mechanisms of action are far from clear. The present study aimed to characterise the bone anabolic effects of DF flavonoid fraction (DFTF) in ovariectomised (OVX) mice and to determine if DFTF and its isolated compounds exert oestrogen-like effects in rat osteoblast-like UMR-106 cells. Young OVX C57/BL6J mice were treated orally with DFTF (0·087, 0·173 or 0·346 mg/g per d), 17β-oestradiol (2 μg/g per d) or its vehicle for 6 weeks. Serum and urine samples were collected for biochemical marker analysis. Bones were collected for computed tomography analysis. UMR-106 cells were treated with DFTF and isolated compounds naringin, (2S)-5,7,3′,5′-tetrahydroxy-flavonone 7-O-neohesperidoside (compound 1) and 5,7-dihydroxychromone 7-O-neohesperidoside (compound 2). DFTF exerted dose-dependent effects in improving bone mineral densities as well as bone strength at the femur, tibia and lumbar spine L1 in OVX mice. DFTF and the three isolated compounds stimulated osteoblastic cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activities in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, they stimulated the ratio of osteoprotegrin and receptor-activator NF-κB ligand mRNA expression, suggesting their involvement in inhibiting osteoclastogenesis. These stimulatory effects on osteoblastic functions were abolished in the presence of oestrogen receptor (ER) antagonist, ICI 182780. The present results suggested that DFTF is effective in protecting against OVX-induced bone loss in mice, and its actions in regulating osteoblastic activities appear to be mediated by ER.
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Elimam, M. E., i E. R. Ørskov. "Factors affecting the fractional outflow of protein supplements from the rumen 3. Effects of frequency of feeding, intake of water induced by the addition of sodium chloride, and the particle size of protein supplements". Animal Science 40, nr 2 (kwiecień 1985): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100025423.
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ABSTRACTFour experiments were conducted with lactating dairy cows offered a hay and concentrate diet (0·5:0·5) to investigate the effects of (1) the frequency of feeding a completely mixed diet (experiment 1) compared with feeding the concentrate fraction and the roughage fraction separately (experiment 2), and (2) the addition of sodium chloride to a completely mixed diet (experiment 3), on the fractional rate of outflow (FRO) of chromium (Cr)-treated fish meal from the rumen, and on milk yield and composition. The cows were offered the diet at either twice the maintenance requirement (experiments 1 and 2), or 2-5 x maintenance (experiment 3) in a 4 x 4 Latin-square design. The effect of the particle size of the Cr-treated soya bean meal was investigated in experiment 4.The frequency of feeding of the completely mixed diet had no significant effect on the rate of outflow of Cr-treated fish meal from the rumen, or on milk yield or composition. FRO per h were 0·070, 0·085, 0·079 and 0·086 when the diet was offered once, twice, four times or 12 times per day respectively. Increasing the frequency of feeding of the concentrate fraction of the diet had no significant effect on FRO. FRO per h were 0·073, 0·078, 0·081 and 0·081 when the concentrate fraction was offered once, twice, four times or 12 times per day respectively.The addition of NaCl to the diet significantly increased water intake (P < 0·001), but had no significant effects on FRO or milk yield. FRO per h were 0·074, 0·075, 0·076 and 0080 when 50, 265, 529 or 794 g of NaCl were added into the diet respectively. The respective intakes of water were 66·6, 74·1, 88·4 and 101·6 kg/day.The FRO per h of fine particles of Cr-treated soya bean meal was 0·085 and for coarse particles, 0·096. The difference was not significant.
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Mills, S. J., A. R. Kampf, J. Sejkora, P. M. Adams, W. D. Birch i J. Plášil. "Iangreyite: a new secondary phosphate mineral closely related to perhamite". Mineralogical Magazine 75, nr 2 (kwiecień 2011): 327–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2011.075.2.327.
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AbstractIangreyite, ideally Ca2Al7(PO4)2(PO3OH)2(OH,F)15·8H2O, is a new mineral (IMA2009-087) from the Silver Coin mine, Nevada, USA and the Krásno ore district, Horní Slavkov, Czech Republic. At Silver Coin, iangreyite occurs as thin, colourless to white or cream, hexagonal tablets up to 0.4 mm in diameter and 0.02 mm thick associated with meurigite-Na, plumbogummite, kidwellite, lipscombite. strengite, chalcosiderite, wardite, leucophosphite, wavellite, goethite, barite, quartz and F-rich perhamite. At Krásno, white, yellowish or light pink iangreyite coatings consist of 0.3 mm wide clusters of minute and very thin intergrown tabular crystals with a maximum diameter of 0.2 mm. Individual iangreyite crystals are transparent with a vitreous lustre, while iangreyite clusters tend to be pearly and translucent. The estimated hardness is 3 on the Mohs scale, the fracture is irregular and the mineral is non-fluorescent under SW and LW ultraviolet light. Individual crystals are somewhat flexible and there is perfect cleavage on ﹛001﹜. The density (Silver Coin), measured by the sink-float method in an aqueous solution of sodium polytungstate, is 2.46(3) g/cm3, while the calculated density is 2.451 g/cm3. Crystals from Silver Coin are uniaxial (+), with the indices of refraction: ε = 1.544(2) and s = 1.554(2), measured in white light, and are non-pleochroic. The empirical formula for iangreyite from Silver Coin (calculated on the basis of 39 anions per formula unit) is: Ca1.42K0.22Na0.09Ba0.03 Sr0.01Al6.51Mg0.09Fe0.02Cu0.01Zn0.01P3.81F5.24H30.21O33.76, while the empirical formula from Krásno is: Ca2.15K0.10Na0.01Ba0.02Sr0.12Al6.28Mg0.01Fe0.12Cu0.08Zn0.01P3.64Si0.43F4.65H29.62O34.35. Iangreyite is trigonal, space group P321 and Z = 1, with the unit-cell parameters (Silver Coin): a = 6.988(1), c = 16.707(3) Å and V= 706.5(2) Å3 and (Krasno): a = 6.989(1), c = 16.782(4) Å and V = 709.8(2) Å3. The structure of iangreyite, modelled from powder data, consists of blocks of the crandallite-type structure that are interconnected along c via corner-sharing of crandallite-block PO4 tetrahedra with A1O2(OH)3 bipyramids. This linkage generates large channels along [110] bounded by 10-member rings of octahedra, tetrahedra and trigonal biyramids, that are occupied by Ca and water molecules.
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LIU, Q., C. WANG, G. GUO, W. Z. YANG, K. H. DONG, Y. X. HUANG, X. M. YANG i D. C. HE. "Effects of calcium propionate on rumen fermentation, urinary excretion of purine derivatives and feed digestibility in steers". Journal of Agricultural Science 147, nr 2 (23.01.2009): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859609008429.
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SUMMARYThe objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of calcium propionate supplementation on rumen fermentation, urinary excretion of purine derivatives (PD) and feed digestibility in the total gastrointestinal tract of steers. Eight ruminally cannulated Simmental steers (462±14 kg) were used in a replicated 4×4 Latin square arrangement of treatments with experimental periods of 21 days. The treatments were: control (without calcium propionate), LCaP (calcium propionate – low), MCaP (calcium propionate – medium) and HCaP (calcium propionate – high) with 100, 200 and 300 g calcium propionate per steer per day. Diet consisted of 0·60 maize stover and 0·40 concentrate (dry matter (DM) basis). DM intake (average 9 kg/day) was restricted to a maximum of 0·90 ofad libitumintake. Ruminal pH (range of 6·7–6·5) linearly (P<0·003) and quadratically (P<0·005) decreased, and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration (range of 64·4–67·1 mm) tended (P<0·087) to increase linearly with rising calcium propionate supplementation. Ratio of acetate to propionate fell linearly (P<0·006) and quadratically (P<0·008) from 3·5 to 2·6 as calcium propionate supplementation increased due to the additional propionate supplementation.In situruminal neutral detergent fibre (NDF) degradation of maize stover and crude protein (CP) degradability of concentrate mix were improved with increasing concentration of calcium propionate. Urinary excretion of PD was linearly (P<0·032) and quadratically (P<0·048) increased with greater calcium propionate supplementation (72, 74, 77 and 76 mmol/day for control, LCaP, MCaP and HCaP, respectively). Similarly, digestibilities of organic matter (OM), NDF and CP in the total tract were also linearly and quadratically improved with increasing calcium propionate. The results indicate that the calcium propionate supplementation potentially improves rumen fermentation and feed digestion in beef cattle. It is speculated that calcium propionate stimulates the digestive microorganisms or enzymes in a dose-dependent manner. In the experimental conditions of the current trial, the optimum calcium propionate dose was about 200 g calcium propionate per steer per day.
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Tarrant, Arthur, i Peter Stone. "Book reviews: Color: An Introduction to Practice and Principles, Second Edition, by Rolf G. Kuehni: ISBN 0471-66006-X, pp 199, John Wiley & Sons Inc © 2005; Richard Hobday, PhD. (2006) The light revolution. Health, architecture and the Sun: Findhorn Press. ISBN10:1-84409-087-6. ISBN13:978-1-84409-087-7. £9.99". Lighting Research & Technology 40, nr 1 (marzec 2008): 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477153508089929.
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Marinangeli, Christopher P. F., i Peter J. H. Jones. "Whole and fractionated yellow pea flours reduce fasting insulin and insulin resistance in hypercholesterolaemic and overweight human subjects". British Journal of Nutrition 105, nr 1 (1.09.2010): 110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114510003156.
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The objective of the present study was to compare whole pea flour (WPF) to fractionated pea flour (FPF; hulls only) for their ability to reduce risk factors associated with CVD and diabetes in overweight hypercholesterolaemic individuals. Using a cross-over design, twenty-three hypercholesterolaemic overweight men and women received two-treatment muffins/d containing WPF, FPF or white wheat flour (WF) for 28 d, followed by 28 d washout periods. Daily doses of WPF and FPF complied with the United States Department of Agriculture's recommended level of intake of half a cup of pulses/d (approximately 50 g/d). Dietary energy requirements were calculated for each study subject, and volunteers were only permitted to eat food supplied by the study personnel. Fasting insulin, body composition, urinary enterolactone levels, postprandial glucose response, as well as fasting lipid and glucose concentrations, were assessed at the beginning and at the end of each treatment. Insulin concentrations for WPF (37·8 (sem3·4) pmol/ml,P = 0·021) and FPF (40·5 (sem3·4) pmol/ml,P = 0·037) were lower compared with WF (50·7 (sem3·4) pmol/ml). Insulin homeostasis modelling assessment showed that consumption of WPF and FPF decreased (P < 0·05) estimates of insulin resistance (IR) compared with WF. Android:gynoid fat ratios in women participants were lower (P = 0·027) in the WPF (1·01 (sem0·01) group compared with the WF group (1·06 (sem0·01). Urinary enterolactone levels tended to be higher (P = 0·087) in WPF compared with WF. Neither treatment altered circulating fasting lipids or glucose concentrations. In conclusion, under a controlled diet paradigm, a daily consumption of whole and fractionated yellow pea flours at doses equivalent to half a cup of yellow peas/d reduced IR, while WPF reduced android adiposity in women.
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Ling, Roger. "A. Laidlaw, The First Style in Pompeii: Painting and Architecture (Archaeologica LVII). Rome: G. Bretschneider, 1985. Pp. xlvi + 358, 104 pls, 78 text figs, 1 folding plan. ISBN 88-7689-087-4." Journal of Roman Studies 77 (listopad 1987): 226–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/300610.
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Kampf, Anthony R., Travis A. Olds, Jakub Plášil, Joe Marty, Samuel N. Perry, Loretta Corcoran i Peter C. Burns. "Seaborgite, LiNa6K2(UO2)(SO4)5(SO3OH)(H2O), the First Uranyl Mineral Containing Lithium". American Mineralogist 106, nr 1 (1.01.2021): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2020-7540.
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Abstract Seaborgite (IMA2019-087), LiNa6K2(UO2)(SO4)5(SO3OH)(H2O), is a new mineral species from the Blue Lizard mine, Red Canyon, San Juan County, Utah, U.S.A. It is a secondary phase found on gypsum in association with copiapite, ferrinatrite, ivsite, metavoltine, and römerite. Seaborgite occurs in sprays of light-yellow, long flattened prisms or blades, up to about 0.2 mm in length. Crystals are elongated on [100], flattened on {010}, and exhibit the forms {100}, {010}, {001}, and {101}. The mineral is transparent with vitreous luster and very pale-yellow streak. It exhibits bright lime-green fluorescence under a 405 nm laser. The Mohs hardness is ~2½. The mineral has brittle tenacity, curved or conchoidal fracture, and one good cleavage on {100}. The measured density is 2.97(2) g/cm3. The mineral is immediately soluble in H2O at room temperature. The mineral is optically biaxial (–), α = 1.505(2), β = 1.522(2), γ = 1.536(2) (white light); 2Vmeas = 85(1)°; moderate r < ν dispersion; orientation X ^ a ≈ 10°; pleochroic X colorless, Y and Z light green-yellow; X < Y ≈ Z. EPMA and LA-ICP-MS analyses of seaborgite undermeasured its Li, K, and Na. The empirical formula using Li, Na, and K based on the structure refinement is Li1.00Na5.81K2.19(UO2)(SO4)5(SO3OH)(H2O). Seaborgite is triclinic, P1, a = 5.4511(4), b = 14.4870(12), c = 15.8735(15) Å, α = 76.295(5), β = 81.439(6), γ = 85.511(6)°, V = 1203.07(18) Å3, and Z = 2. The structure (R1 = 0.0377 for 1935 I = 2σI) contains [(UO2)2(SO4)8]4– uranyl-sulfate clusters that are linked into a band by bridging LiO4 tetrahedra. The bands are linked through peripheral SO4 tetrahedra forming a thick heteropolyhedral layer. Channels within the layers contain a K site, while an additional K site, six Na sites, and an SO3OH group occupy the space between the heteropolyhedral layers.
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HARTMANN, F., i J. B. J. van RYSSEN. "Metabolism of selenium and copper in sheep with and without sodium bicarbonate supplementation". Journal of Agricultural Science 128, nr 3 (maj 1997): 357–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859696004169.
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The interrelationship in metabolism between dietary selenium (Se) and copper (Cu) was investigated in sheep receiving a diet with or without sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). A sheep finishing diet, containing 0·3 mg Se/kg DM and 7·4 mg Cu/kg DM, and supplemented with 1·0 mg Se (as Na2SeO3) and/or 15·0 mg Cu (as CuSO4) and/or 40 g NaHCO3 per kg feed, was fed to young ewes for a period of 64 days. Hepatic Cu concentration and net accumulation were not affected by NaHCO3 supplementation. Furthermore, no evidence was found in blood, tissues or faeces to show that NaHCO3 influenced Se metabolism. However, hepatic Cu concentration was raised from 354 to 422 mg/kg DM (P<0·05) when the diet was supplemented with 1 mg Se/kg DM, independent of the level of dietary Cu. Furthermore, hepatic Cu retention was significantly (P<0·05) influenced by a Se × Cu interaction, namely when the diet was supplemented with 15·0 mg CuSO4 or 1·0 mg Na2SeO3 /kg DM or both, 0·084, 0·081 and 0·088 of the dietary Cu respectively was retained in the liver, compared to 0·047 in the sheep on the basal diet. In addition, supplementation with Se and Cu together increased hepatic Se concentration to a greater extent (P<0·001) than when Se alone was added to the feed (3·65 v. 5·17 mg Se/kg DM respectively). The concentration of Se in both muscle tissue and in rumen bacteria was raised (P<0·001) by Se supplementation, but more so (P<0·05) in both cases when Cu was not added to the diet. Interactions between Se and Cu were not influenced by NaHCO3 supplementation in the conditions of this study.
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Van der Meij, J. "G. J. BELLINGER, Bibliographie des Catechismus Romanus ex Decreto Concilii Tridentini ad Parochos 1566-1978 (Bibliotheca Bibliographica Aureliana LXXVII), Baden-Baden 1983 (Verlag Valentin Koerner), 424 blzz. + 2 krtn., prijs: DM 240,-. ISBN 3 87320 087 2". Nederlands Archief voor Kerkgeschiedenis / Dutch Review of Church History 65, nr 1-2 (1985): 244–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/002820385x00291.
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Hodges, Douglas, Christina Kochel, Michael Totagrande, Jeffrey Jones, Megan Welch, Bradley Spatola, Shelby Joe i in. "698 Targeting HLA-G-mediated immunosuppression with a first-in-class antagonist antibody". Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 8, Suppl 3 (listopad 2020): A740. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2020-sitc2020.0698.
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BackgroundHuman leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) is an immune checkpoint molecule that belongs to the non-classical HLA-class I family of receptors. HLA-G restrains immune cell activation and effector function by engaging with inhibitory receptors ILT2 and ILT4. While expression of HLA-G is highly restricted under normal healthy conditions, we have demonstrated that its expression in cancer is aberrantly upregulated and broadly detected across a variety of tumor types. Tizona Therapeutics has generated a novel, fully human antibody that specifically targets HLA-G and reverses HLA-G-mediated immunosuppression. Here we present in vitro and in vivo data demonstrating the functional impact of HLA-G blockade on immune cells and evidence to support the use of TTX-080 in the clinic to treat patients with advanced solid tumors.MethodsEvaluation of HLA-G expression in cancer was performed using immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and gene profiling. Expression of ILT2 and ILT4 was assessed on tumor infiltrating leukocytes by flow cytometry. To demonstrate the suppressive function of HLA-G, primary human NK cells, T cells, and monocyte-derived macrophages were cultured with target cells expressing HLA-G. TTX-080 was then evaluated for its ability to reverse this suppression. In addition, TTX-080 was investigated in vivo using a disseminated xenograft tumor model.ResultsExpression of HLA-G was detected on tumor cells and tumor infiltrating leukocytes across a variety of solid tumor types. TTX-080 blocked interaction of HLA-G with both ILT2 and ILT4 and restored cytotoxicity in multiple assays using either primary NK cells or NKL cell lines. Monocyte-derived macrophages expressing ILT2 and ILT4 exhibited decreased phagocytosis of HLA-G+ target cells; this inhibition was reversed with an antigen-binding fragment of TTX-080. TTX-080 was also able to reverse HLA-G-mediated suppression of ILT2+ CD8+ T cells as assessed by degranulation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion. Notably, mice with disseminated tumors had extended median survival when treated with a single dose of TTX-080.ConclusionsTTX-080 reverses HLA-G-mediated suppression of ILT2+ and ILT4+ immune cells that are found within the tumor microenvironment. Blockade of HLA-G using TTX-080 therefore has the potential to reverse broad immune suppression in patients with advanced solid tumors by reinvigorating CD8+ T cells, enhancing NK cytolytic activity, and increasing macrophage phagocytosis.
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CLARKE, J. M. "DRYING RATE AND HARVEST LOSSES OF WINDROWED VERSUS DIRECT COMBINED BARLEY". Canadian Journal of Plant Science 69, nr 3 (1.07.1989): 713–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps89-087.
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Windrowing of cereal crops prior to harvest is reported to hasten drying and reduce losses due to shattering compared to direct combining, but few direct comparisons have been made in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Field studies were conducted over 4 yr to compare drying rates and harvest losses in windrowed and standing barley cultivars with varying susceptibility to shattering. Cutting treatments for comparing harvesting losses were initiated when kernel water concentration (KWC) dropped below about 670 g water per kg kernel dry weight, and were continued for 2 wk after combine ripeness (KWC 174 g kg−1). Natural shattering losses and cutting losses were measured at each cutting time, while combine pick-up losses were determined after combining of windrows cut at KWCs greater than 174 g kg−1. Cutting and pick-up losses were independent of harvest time when KWC at cutting was greater than 174 g kg−1. Cutting loss increased after combine ripeness, but was not related to cultivar shattering susceptibility. Combine pick-up losses ranged from 0.4 to 4.3% of yield, and were greater in low-yielding crops than in high-yielding crops. Total harvesting losses for direct combining ranged from 0.1 to 2.8% of yield compared to 0.8–7.7% for windrowing prior to combining in crops harvested at or before combine ripeness. Direct combining 1 and 2 wk later caused increased harvest losses (0.3–20% of yield) which were proportional to cultivar shattering susceptibility. Windrowed barley dried to combine ripeness from 0 to 3 d (mode 1 d) faster than standing barley.Key words: Barley, shattering susceptibility, cutting loss, combine pick-up loss, harvest losses, harvest methods
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Lupwayi, N. Z., G. W. Clayton, K. G. Hanson, W. A. Rice i V. O. Biederbeck. "Endophytic rhizobia in barley, wheat and canola roots". Canadian Journal of Plant Science 84, nr 1 (1.01.2004): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p03-087.
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Endophytic rhizobia have been shown to improve the nutrition of nonlegume crops. The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of field pea (Pisum sativum)-based crop rotations on endophytic rhizobia in roots of cereal and oilseed crops. Barley (Hordeum vulgare), wheat (Triticum aestivum) and canola (Brassica rapa) were each grown (a) following inoculated peas, (b) following uninoculated peas or (c) in monoculture. At flag-leaf or flowering growth stage, populations of endophytic rhizobia were usually in the order: crop following uninoculated peas (up to 7244 cells g-1 root DM) > crop following inoculated peas (up to 1660 cells g-1 root DM) > crop grown in monoculture (< 10 cells g-1 root DM). At one of three sites, there were significant positive correlations between endophytic rhizobia and crop N and yield. Populations of rhizobia in bulk soil, rhizosphere, or rhizoplane of nonlegume roots were greater where nonlegume crops were preceded by peas (inoculated or uninoculated) than where they were grown in monoculture. Significant positive correlations between populations of these rhizobia outside roots and crop N or yields were observed at each site. Key words: Crop rotation, inoculation, nitrogen fixation, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), rhizosphere
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Nixon, Julie. "The Autism Spectrum in the 21st Century Exploring Psychology, Biology and Practice20131Roth, Ilona, with C. Barson, R. Hoekstra, G. Pasco, T. Whatson. The Autism Spectrum in the 21st Century Exploring Psychology, Biology and Practice. London: Jessica Kingsley 2010. , ISBN: 978‐1‐84905‐087‐6". Tizard Learning Disability Review 18, nr 1 (11.01.2013): 50–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13595471311296021.
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Chin, E. R., i H. J. Green. "Na+–K+ ATPase concentration in different adult rat skeletal muscles is related to oxidative potential". Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 71, nr 8 (1.08.1993): 615–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y93-087.
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To investigate the relationship among fibre type, oxidative potential, and Na+–K+ ATPase concentration in skeletal muscle, adult male Wistar rats weighing 259 ± 8 g [Formula: see text] were sacrificed and the soleus (SOL), extensor digitoram longus (EDL), red vastus lateralis (RV), and white vastus lateralis (WV) removed. These muscles were chosen as being representative of the two major fibre type populations: slow twitch (SOL) and fast twitch (EDL, RV, WV) and exhibiting either a high (SOL, EDL, RV) or low (WV) oxidative potential. Na+–K+ ATPase concentration (pmol∙g−1 wet weight), measured by the [3H]ouabain binding technique, differed (p < 0.01) only between the WV (238 ± 7.9) and the SOL (359 ± 9.6), EDL (365 ± 10), and RV (403 ± 12). Similarly, muscle oxidative potential as measured by the maximal activity of citrate synthase was different (p < 0.01) only between the WV and the other three muscles. Citrate synthase activity (μmol∙min−1∙g−1 wet weight) was 4.0 ± 0.7, 12.3 ± 0.9, 9.1 ± 0.7, and 11.3 ± 1.0 in the WV, SOL, EDL, and RV, respectively. These results indicate that Na+–K+ ATPase concentration is not related to the speed of contraction but to the oxidative potential of the muscle. Since chronic activity is a primary determinant of oxidative potential, it would be expected that increases in Na+–K+ ATPase would accompany increases in muscle utilization.Key words: Na+–K+ ATPase, citrate synthase, type I and type II fibres.
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Ulahannan, Susanna Varkey, Thomas Urban Marron, Haeseong Park, John M. Kaczmar, Ryan D. Stephenson, Nehal J. Lakhani, Greg Andrew Durm i in. "Results from phase 1a/1b analyses of TTX-080, a first in class HLA-G antagonist, in combination with cetuximab in patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, nr 16_suppl (1.06.2024): 2524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.2524.
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2524 Background: TTX-080 is an IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting HLA-G. This Ph1a/1b study evaluated the safety and preliminary efficacy of TTX-080 alone or in combination with cetuximab (Cetx) or pembrolizumab (Pem) in multiple solid tumor cohorts (NCT04485013). Herein, we report the safety from the Ph1a and preliminary efficacy data from Ph1b cohorts evaluating TTX-080 + Cetx in pts with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and WT RAS/BRAF, HER2-Neg metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) tumors. Methods: In Ph1a, pts with advanced solid tumors received single agent TTX-080 at escalating doses in a 3+3 design from 0.2-20 mg/kg IV Q3W. In the mCRC and HNSCC arms of Ph1b, pts were treated with RP2D of TTX-080 + Cetx. Patients were followed for safety and anti-tumor activity. Biopsies and blood samples were collected for biomarker analyses. Results: As of 08-Dec-23, 202 pts have received TTX-080 alone or in combination (40 pts in Ph1a and 162 pts in Ph1b). In Ph1a TTX-080 monotherapy dose-escalation, MTD was not reached and no DLT was reported. TTX-080 treatment-related AE (TRAE) of arthralgia, fatigue, and decreased appetite were seen in at least 5% of pts. R2PD for TTX-080 was determined to be 20 mg/kg IV Q3W. In Ph1b of TTX-080 alone or in combination (Cetx or Pem), the most common TRAEs in at least 5% of subjects were fatigue, nausea, anemia, diarrhea, AST increase, headache, vomiting and pruritis. Preliminary efficacy data from the select Ph1b TTX-080 + Cetx subset of pts are shown in Table. Significant HLA-G related immune cell changes in the peripheral blood and in tumors will be presented. Conclusions: TTX-080 is well tolerated alone and in combination with Cetx. TTX-080 + Cetx demonstrates promising activity in pts with HPV-Neg HNSCC and WT RAS/BRAF/Her2-Neg mCRC as manifested by the responses and PFS. These early findings warrant further investigation of TTX-080 + Cetx in a randomized controlled study against standard of care in mCRC and HNSCC. Clinical trial information: NCT04485013 . [Table: see text]
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Green, Richard C., i Nicholas H. Low. "Physicochemical composition of buffaloberry (Shepherdia argentea), chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) and sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) fruit harvested in Saskatchewan, Canada". Canadian Journal of Plant Science 93, nr 6 (listopad 2013): 1143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2013-087.
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Green, R. C. and Low, N. H. 2013. Physicochemical composition of buffaloberry ( Shepherdia argentea ), chokecherry ( Prunus virginiana ) and sea buckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides ) fruit harvested in Saskatchewan, Canada. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 1143–1153. There is increasing interest in the commercialization of native fruits for utilization as foods and medicinal extracts. This study was undertaken to determine the physicochemical properties of buffaloberry (Shepherdia argentea), chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) and sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) fruit grown in Saskatchewan. The physicochemical analyses of samples of each of these fruits included carbohydrate content, CIELAB color values, organic acid composition, pH, percent seed weight, phenolic compound content, soluble solids content, total titratable acidity (TTA) and proximate composition (ash, fibre, lipid, moisture and protein). Buffaloberry was found to contain high TTA and was especially high in ascorbic acid at 209±37 mg 100 g−1 fruit, fresh weight basis. Chokecherry contained high levels of anthocyanin at 237±41 mg 100 g−1 fruit, fresh weight basis. The results of this study suggest all of these native fruits possess compounds important to the human diet.
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Borgmann, U., i W. P. Norwood. "EDTA toxicity and background concentrations of copper and zinc in Hyalella azteca". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, nr 4 (1.04.1995): 875–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f95-087.
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The effect of the strong metal-complexing agent EDTA on survival, growth, and copper and zinc concentrations in Hyalella azteca was studied to determine if metal concentrations in control amphipods represent minimum physiological levels. Exposure to EDTA concentrations of up to 560 μM for 1 week did not reduce metal levels (mean background = 1.2 μmol Cu/g and 1.0 μmol Zn/g dry weight), indicating that background metals are firmly bound to Hyalella. Chronic (4 week) exposure to EDTA resulted in increased mortality and reduced growth rates, both of which could be partially ameliorated by adding zinc to culture media. This implies that EDTA toxicity results, in part, from zinc deficiency. In spite of this, however, zinc concentrations in Hyalella were not reduced in amphipods raised in the presence of high EDTA, implying that the observed background zinc levels represent minimum physiological levels. Copper additions to media were ineffective at reducing EDTA toxicity. Nevertheless, control concentrations are probably close to minimum physiological levels for copper as well, because high EDTA did not appreciably reduce copper in Hyalella in chronic tests, in spite of its ability to impair copper uptake from water at moderate water concentrations.
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Brown, Colin Craig. "81 An Examination of a Multiple Cutoff Performance Validity Index". Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 29, s1 (listopad 2023): 755. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617723009396.
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Objective:Recent consensus guidelines have advocated for the use of multivariate performance validity assessment on ability-based measures such those used in neuropsychological assessment. Further, previous research has demonstrated that aggregating performance validity indicators may produce superior classification accuracy. The present study builds upon this research by aggregating data from three of the most commonly used performance validity measures (Test of Memory Malingering [TOMM], Rey Fifteen Item Test with recognition trial [FIT plus recognition], and Reliable Digit Span [RDS]) to create a performance validity composite measure in a veteran mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) population.Participants and Methods:Data of patients evaluated at a VA hospital who had completed the RDS, FIT plus recognition, and TOMM as part of their clinical neuropsychological evaluation were analyzed (n = 20). Two composite performance validity indexes were created: a Single Cutoff Performance Validity Index (SC-PVI), which measures the quantity of failures across performance validity measures (PVMs) by summing the total number of PVM failures, and a Multiple Cutoff Performance Validity Index (MC-PVI) which measures the number of failures as well as degree of failure(s) across measures of performance validity (e.g., a participant would attain a score of 3 if their PVM performance failed to reach a conservative cut point; they would obtain a score of 1 if they met conservative cut point, yet failed to reach a liberal cut point).Results:Only one participant (5%) attained a score of 0 on the SC-PVI (i.e., passing all PVTs using standard cutoffs) and MC-PVI (i.e., passing the most liberal cut points on all three PVMs). Conversely, eight participants (40%) attained a score of 3 on the SC-PVI (i.e., failed all three PVMs) and four participants (20%) attained a score of 9 (i.e., failed the most conservative cut points on all three PVMs). Results showed a significant (p < .001) ordinal association between the two indices (G = .984); however, there was no significant agreement between SC-PVI and MC-PVI models (k = -.087; p = .127).Conclusions:Data revealed discordant findings between the three PVMs utilized. The majority of participants (75%) scored between 2-8 on the MC-PVI, meaning that they did not exceed all liberal cut points or fail all conservative cut points. These “grey area” scores suggest an indeterminate range of performance validity, which cannot be captured by a solitary cut point or neatly classified as pass or fail. The utility of multiple cutoff performance validity models (i.e., aggregating PVMs to consider the severity of failure and number of failures) is that they capture the nuance of these data when determining and discussing the credibility of a profile. Multiple cut point data also highlight how the choice of cutoff influences the outcome of performance validity research and clinical decision making. As such, future research on the classification accuracy of this MC-PVI is needed.
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Intrieri, Robert, i Paige Goodwin. "Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Perceived Stress Scale-10 Across Age Groups". Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (1.12.2020): 304–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.975.
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Abstract The Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS; Cohen et al, 1983) was developed to measure subjective elements of stress. Most measures focus on objective characteristics of stress (e. g., frequency of occurrence) and specific situations that produce stress (e. g., divorce) but ignore the cognitive appraisal associated with stressful stimuli. The PSS-10 assesses the interplay between stressor and appraisal-mediated coping ability. Factor analytic studies provide support for two factors: perceived helplessness and perceived self-efficacy (see Roberti et al. 2006). The current study presents data from 591 people across three groups: 221 young adults (mean age 19.31, SD = 1.21), 283 middle-age adults (mean age 48.27, SD = 5.14), and 109 older adults (mean age 72.95, SD = 7.22). An ordinal confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using robust weighted least squares (WLSMV) evaluated invariance across age groups. Results showed CFI/TLI values of .964/.953, 965/.960, and .964/.969 for Configural (CI), Metric (MI), and Scalar (SI) models. The RMSEA for CI, MI, and SI models was .086, .081, and .071. Based upon recommendations of Cheung and Rensvold (2002), Sass (2011), and Chen (2007), a cutoff of ΔCFI ≥ 0.01 was established as evidence of invariance. The ΔCFI between CI and MI models was < .01 so analysis continued with the SI test. Once again, ΔCFI between MI and SI models was < 0.01 which did not justify rejection of the null hypothesis. Based on these analyses, PSS-10 scores are valid across multiple age groups. Further, results support the multidimensional nature of the PSS-10.
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Molist Gasa, Francesc, Mauro Ywazaki, Arantza Gómez de Segura Ugalde, Rafael Gustavo Hermes, Josep Gasa Gasó i José Francisco Pérez Hernández. "Administration of loperamide and addition of wheat bran to the diets of weaner pigs decrease the incidence of diarrhoea and enhance their gut maturation". British Journal of Nutrition 103, nr 6 (5.11.2009): 879–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114509992637.
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The influence of fibre inclusion and transit time regulation on the performance, health status, microbial activity and population, physico-chemical characteristics of the hindgut digesta and intestinal morphology in early weaned pigs were examined. For these experiments, wheat bran (WB) was used as fibre source and loperamide as a drug (LOP) to increase the digesta transit time. In Expt 1, a total of 128 early weaned pigs were randomly distributed in a 2 × 2 factorial combination of WB inclusion (0v.40 g/kg) and LOP administration (0v.0·07 mg/kg body weight) during 13 d. For Expt 2, a total of twenty-four piglets were allotted to three dietary treatments for 15 d with the same basal diet (control diet) as Expt 1; a diet with 80 g/kg of WB and the combination of WB and LOP. In Expt 1, LOP improved the average daily feed intake and average daily gain of the animals (P = 0·001 and 0·007, respectively). The same result was obtained when WB was combined with LOP. The WB–LOP group also showed a higher concentration of SCFA (P = 0·013), acetic acid (P = 0·004) and propionic acid (P = 0·093). On the other hand, WB inclusion reduced the organic matter and crude protein digestibility (P = 0·001) and tended to decrease the enterobacteria population (P = 0·089). In Expt 2, WB increased the butyric acid concentration (P = 0·086). We concluded that the inclusion of WB to modify the intestinal microbiota activity combined with LOP may be beneficial to animal health and performance.
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Miller, J. J., B. W. Beasley, C. F. Drury, X. Hao i F. J. Larney. "Soil properties following long-term application of stockpiled feedlot manure containing straw or wood-chip bedding under barley silage production". Canadian Journal of Soil Science 94, nr 3 (sierpień 2014): 389–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss2013-087.
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Miller, J. J., Beasley, B. W., Drury, C. F., Hao, X. and Larney, F. J. 2014. Soil properties following long-term application of stockpiled feedlot manure containing straw or wood-chip bedding under barley silage production. Can. J. Soil Sci. 94: 389–402. The influence of long-term land application of stockpiled feedlot manure (SM) containing either wood-chip (SM-WD) or straw (SM-ST) bedding on soil properties during the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) silage growing season is unknown. The main objective of our study was determine the effect of bedding material in stockpiled manure (i.e., SM-WD vs. SM-ST) on certain soil properties. A secondary objective was to determine if organic amendments affected certain soil properties compared with unamended soil. Stockpiled feedlot manure with SM-WD or SM-ST bedding at 77 Mg (dry wt) ha−1 yr−1 was annually applied for 13 to 14 yr to a clay loam soil in a replicated field experiment in southern Alberta. There was also an unamended control. Soil properties were measured every 2 wk during the 2011 and 2012 growing season. Properties included water-filled pore space (WFPS), total organic C and total N, NH4-N and NO3-N, water-soluble non-purgeable organic C (NPOC), water-soluble total N (WSTN), denitrification (acetylene inhibition method), and CO2 flux. The most consistent and significant (P≤0.05) bedding effects on soil properties in both years occurred for total organic C, C:N ratio, and WSTN. Total organic C and C:N ratio were generally greater for SM-WD than SM-ST, and the reverse trend occurred for WSTN. Bedding effects on other soil properties (WFPS, NH4-N, NO3-N, NPOC) occurred in 2012, but not in 2011. Total N, daily denitrification, and daily CO2 flux were generally unaffected by bedding material. Mean daily denitrification fluxes ranged from 0.9 to 1078 g N2O-N ha−1 d−1 for SM-ST, 0.8 to 326 g N2O-N ha−1 d−1 for SM-WD, and 0.6 to 250 g N2O-N ha−1 d−1 for the CON. Mean daily CO2 fluxes ranged from 5.3 to 43.4 kg CO2-C ha−1 d−1 for SM-WD, 5.5 to 26.0 kg CO2-C ha−1 d−1 for SM-ST, and from 0.5 to 6.8 kg CO2-C ha−1 d−1 for the CON. The findings from our study suggest that bedding material in feedlot manure may be a possible method to manage certain soil properties.
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Broughton, Brad R. S., Alyson A. Miller i Christopher G. Sobey. "Endothelium-dependent relaxation by G protein-coupled receptor 30 agonists in rat carotid arteries". American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 298, nr 3 (marzec 2010): H1055—H1061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00878.2009.
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Recent studies have identified that the novel membrane estrogen receptor, G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30), is present in blood vessels. However, the signaling mechanisms associated with GPR30 in the vasculature remain unclear. We examined whether putative agonists of GPR30 exert vasorelaxant and/or antioxidant effects similar to those reported for estrogen. Using wire myography, we assessed the role of the endothelium in relaxation responses to the GPR30 agonists, G-1 and 5408-0877 (1 nM-10 μM), in U-46619-precontracted common carotid arteries from Sprague-Dawley rats. Furthermore, using lucigenin (5 μM)-enhanced chemiluminescence, we tested the effect of G-1 (10 μM) on superoxide levels. Specific immunofluorescence was also used to confirm GPR30 expression in the arterial wall. We found that G-1 and 5408-0877 induced a concentration-dependent relaxation in carotid arteries from both male and female rats. Interestingly, G-1- and 5408-0877-induced relaxation was abolished by endothelium removal and abrogated in the presence of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (100 μM). In addition, G-1 significantly decreased NADPH (100 μM)-stimulated superoxide production by carotid and intracranial (pooled basilar and middle cerebral) arteries but also attenuated the superoxide signal detected in a cell-free xanthine/xanthine oxidase assay. Furthermore, GPR30 immunoreactivity was observed in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells of carotid arteries from both genders. These findings indicate that GPR30 is expressed throughout the arterial wall and that GPR30 agonists elicit endothelial-derived nitric oxide-dependent relaxation of the carotid artery in male and female rats. Additionally, G-1 appears to directly scavenge superoxide anion.
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Effenberger, Franz, Jürgen Roos, Christoph Kobler i Holger Bühler. "Hydroxynitrile lyase-catalyzed addition of HCN to 4-substituted cyclohexanones: stereoselective preparation of tetronic acids". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 80, nr 6 (1.06.2002): 671–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v02-087.
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The addition of HCN to 4-alkylcyclohexanones 1 to give cyanohydrins 2 is strongly catalyzed by hydroxy-ni trile lyases (HNLs). With PaHNL, from bitter almond, trans-addition occurs almost exclusively, yielding trans-2. With MeHNL, from cassava, cis-addition is preferred to give cis-2. cis-Selectivity is nearly quantitative, especially for cyclohexanones with larger 4-substituents. Comparable results with respect to the stereoselectivity were observed in the HNL-catalyzed addition of HCN to 4-alkoxycyclohexanones 3ag. In contrast, the stereoselectivity in the HNL-catalyzed addition to 4-alkanoyloxycyclohexanones 3hk is very poor. The transformation of cis-4-propylcyclohexanone cyanohydrin (2c) into the corresponding cis-spirotetronic acid 7 occurs without any isomerization.Key words: enzyme, hydroxynitrile lyase, cyclohexanones, cyanohydrins, cis/trans-stereoselectivity.
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Moyer, J. R., S. N. Acharya i Z. Mir. "Weed management at the time of perennial cereal rye establishment". Canadian Journal of Plant Science 82, nr 2 (1.04.2002): 457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p01-087.
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Perennial cereal rye (PC rye) is a new crop that is being developed at the Lethbridge Research Centre for the production of silage for cattle. Its ability to compete with weeds during establishment and tolerance to herbicides for weed control was unknown. Therefore, experiments were established with PC rye, and several herbicide treatments were applied to test crop tolerance and weed control. PC rye was not injured by bromoxynil/MCPA, 2,4-D, thifensulfuron/tribenuron, fenoxaprop, clodinafop-propargyl, and tralkoxydim. Combinations of herbicides for broadleaf weed control and annual grass control usually reduced weed dry matter (DM) to < 5 g m-2 in the establishment year. Weeds made up 20 to 36% of the total DM when herbicides were not applied. However, this level of weed content did not affect the digestibility of the forage samples or the total DM produced as weed DM compensated for reduced PC rye yield in weedy plots. Also, the presence of weeds during establishment of PC rye did not affect weed content or PC rye yields the year after establishment. Key words: Acid detergent fibre, digestibility, neutral detergent fibre, perennial cereal rye, weed control, yield
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Levasseur, M., M. D. Keller, E. Bonneau, D. D'Amours i W. K. Bellows. "Oceanographic Basis of a DMS-Related Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) Fishery Problem: Blackberry Feed". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51, nr 4 (1.04.1994): 881–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f94-087.
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Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) caught along the Labrador and Newfoundland coasts and in the Strait of Belle Isle often smell strongly of sulfur, a problem locally called "blackberry feed". Early studies have shown that the sulfurous-smelling cod had fed almost exclusively on the pteropod Limacina helicina and that dimethylsufide (DMS) was responsible for the odor. In August 1991, we conducted a cruise in the northeastern Gulf of St. Lawrence and in the Strait of Belle Isle in order to confirm the algal origin of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP, the precursor of DMS) and to determine the factors responsible for its transfer in the food web. A significant correlation was found between the distribution of DMSP and the abundance of microflagellates, dinoflagellates, cryptomonads, and prymnesiophytes (mostly Chrysochromulina spp.). The concentration of DMSP in L. helicina and in particles were also linearly related, suggesting rapid accumulation of DMSP in pteropod. The weight-specific DMSP content of L. helicina was always high (1–21 mg DMSP/g) and apparently sufficient to create blackberry feed symptoms in cod. Results from bioassay experiments demontrated that L. helicina may significantly influence the DMSP–DMS dynamics in subarctic waters.
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Абрамова, Елена Владимировна, Михаил Владимирович Воронин i Сергей Борисович Середенин. "Взаимодействие афобазола с сигма-1 рецепторами головного мозга мышей". Химико-фармацевтический журнал 49, nr 1 (27.01.2015): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30906/0023-1134-2015-49-1-9-11.
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Методом радиолигандного анализа изучено взаимодействие афобазола с сигма-1 рецепторами (Sigmar1) головного мозга инбредных C57Bl/6, BALB/c и беспородных CD-1 мышей. Установлена идентичность сайтов связывания афобазола и прототипных агонистов Sigmar1 (+)-пентазоцина и PRE-084. В зависимости от структуры прототипного лиганда и условий инкубации in vitro специфическое связывание афобазола с Sigmar1 на гомогенатах головного мозга инбредных мышей характеризуется различными моделями рецепторного взаимодействия. При конкурентом вытеснении [G-3H]PRE-084 аффинность Sigmar1 к афобазолу у мышей BALB/c оказалась значимо выше, чем у C57Bl/6 и CD-1.
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Bouilly, Karine, Alexandra Leitão, Raquel Chaves, Henrique Guedes-Pinto, Pierre Boudry i Sylvie Lapègue. "Endonuclease banding reveals that atrazine-induced aneuploidy resembles spontaneous chromosome loss in Crassostrea gigas". Genome 48, nr 1 (1.02.2005): 177–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g04-087.
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Aneuploidy has previously been observed in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, and shown to be negatively correlated with growth. Moreover, a significant impact of atrazine exposure has been described in C. gigas, and persistence of that effect has been observed between generations. Evidence of differential chromosome loss has been demonstrated in aneuploid karyotypes of C. gigas using the G-banding technique. Pairs 1, 5, 9, and 10 are characterized by the loss of 1 chromosome. As restriction enzyme (RE) digestion chromosome banding allows a better identification of chromosome pairs, we used this technique to identify which chromosomes are affected when aneuploidy is increased by exposure to atrazine. The progeny of oysters contaminated by atrazine were analysed using the restriction enzyme HaeIII. The study of 26 RE-banded aneuploid karyotypes showed that the same chromosome pairs (1, 5, 9, and 10) were affected by the loss of 1 chromosome (61%, 15%, 42%, and 42%, respectively). Further investigation is required to enable a better understanding of aneuploidy in oysters, especially with respect to why some chromosomes are more easily lost than others, and why cells tolerate the loss of these chromosomes.Key words: aneuploidy, atrazine, restriction enzyme digestion chromosome banding, Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas.
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Phruksaphithak, Nantharat, Chalermkiet Kaewnun i Sompong O-Thong. "Productions and Properties of Bacterial Cellulose from Oil Palm Shoot Juices Felled Medium and Coconut Medium". Key Engineering Materials 728 (styczeń 2017): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.728.271.
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Bacterial Cellulose (BC) was produced by Acetobacterxylinum TISTR 086 use mixing of oil palm shoot juices (OPSJ) and coconut juice (CJ) medium with or without nutrient supplemented or OPSJ was digested with α-amylase. Results showed the highest yield was obtained at OPSJ with CJ at mixing ratios of 50% (4.70±0.11 g/L) and the lowest yield was obtained at OPSJ with CJ at mixing ratios of 0% (3.54±0.11 g/L). OPSJ was digested with 1300 lU/gm at concentration enzyme 650 IU/L at 37 °C for 24 h has highest sugar concentration of 73.93±0.12 g/L. Amylase digested OPSJ mixed with coconut juice’s highest bacterial cellulose production at OPSJ with CJ at mixing ratios of 50% (4.94±0.13 g/L), respectively. Moreover, the BC obtained had molecular weight from 332,122 to 503,233 g/mol. The chemical structure of BC produced was studied using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray defections. The morphology of BC was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Thermal property was further studied using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetic Analysis (TGA). This study obviously showed the ability of OPSJ, a suitable and cheap carbon source, to be used as a substrate in a fermentation medium for production of cellulose by Acetobacterxylinum TISTR 086.
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Stetina, Salliana, i William Molin. "Gossypium Lines Resistant to Rotylenchulus reniformis Vary in Sensitivity to the Herbicide Fluometuron". Journal of Cotton Science 18, nr 2 (wrzesień 2014): 348–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.56454/smdq4370.
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Reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) resistance is being transferred to Gossypium hirsutum from its distant relatives. Reports of fluometuron damage to LONREN lines with nematode resistance from G. longicalyx raised concerns about introducing herbicide sensitivity from other nematode resistance sources. The research objective was to evaluate 15 sources of reniform nematode resistance for their reaction to fluometuron three weeks after planting in a replicated greenhouse trial: two G. herbaceum accessions, four G. arboreum accessions, three G. barbadense accessions, three G. hirsutum accessions, and three G. hirsutum lines with resistance introgressed from G. barbadense (FR-05) or G. longicalyx (LONREN-1 and LONREN-2). The control genotype was G. hirsutum cultivar Deltapine 161 B2RF. Across all herbicide rates tested, mean herbicide injury ratings for G. arboreum accessions were greater than the control, whereas G. barbadense GB 713 and TX 110 were less. Regression analysis of herbicide rates indicated that injury increased linearly with increasing herbicide rate for all accessions, although G. arboreum A2-083 had more injury than the control. Regression analysis of herbicide rates indicated that biomass decreased linearly with increasing herbicide rate for all accessions, although G. barbadense GB 713 and Pima PHY 800 exhibited greater biomass reduction than the control. Across all herbicide rates tested, mean electron transport rates of all G. herbaceum and G. arboreum accessions and G. barbadense Pima PHY 800 were lower than the control. The relationship between herbicide rate and electron transport rate was curvilinear, with similar decreases in electron transport rate in response to increasing herbicide concentration for all lines. Increased sensitivity to fluometuron could be introduced into G. hirsutum through crosses with distantly related species, but with the exception of G. arboreum A2-083, the lines did not respond to the herbicide differently from the control.
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Conti, José Henrique, Keigo Minami i Flavio C. A. Tavares. "Produção e qualidade de frutos de diferentes cultivares de morangueiro em ensaios conduzidos em Atibaia e Piracicaba". Horticultura Brasileira 20, nr 1 (marzec 2002): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-05362002000100002.
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Foram instalados experimentos em Atibaia (SP), região de clima ameno, e Piracicaba (SP), região de clima quente, no ano de 1996, com delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e dezesseis plantas por parcela, com as cultivares Campinas, Dover, Guarani, Princesa Isabel e AGF 080. Dos frutos avaliou-se a presença de "pescoço", formato, teor de sólidos solúveis, pH, cor interna e externa, textura e a produção e seus componentes. Atibaia destacou-se pela produção maior de frutos (468,30 g/planta), maior número de frutos (46,75 frutos/planta) e maior peso médio de fruto (10,06 g) em relação a Piracicaba. As características do fruto e da planta do morangueiro foram pouco variáveis ao efeito de locais. As medidas de cor interna, textura e presença de pescoço possibilitaram indicar a cultivar Guarani como apto para o uso industrial e Dover como pouco indicado. Em função das medidas de peso, teor de sólidos solúveis, pH e textura, as cultivares Campinas, AGF 080 e Princesa Isabel são as mais adequadas ao consumo "in natura", enquanto que Guarani e Dover são pouco adequadas. Os dados de resistência à compressão, que estimam a textura dos frutos, comprovam que as cultivares Guarani, Dover e Princesa Isabel são as mais resistentes ao transporte e Campinas e AGF 080 as menos resistentes.
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Wang, Ke-Jing, Tetsuro Yamashita, Masao Watanabe i Yoshihito Takahata. "Genetic characterization of a novel Tib-derived variant of soybean Kunitz trypsin inhibitor detected in wild soybean (Glycine soja)". Genome 47, nr 1 (1.01.2004): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g03-087.
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A novel variant of soybean Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (SKTI) was detected in 530 lines of wild soybean (Glycine soja). This variant showed an intermediate electrophoretic mobility between the Tia and Tic types. In isoelectric focusing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gels containing urea, this variant had a similar isoelectric point as that of Tia. The genetic analysis of SKTI bands in F2 seeds from crosses of the new variant type with Tia or Tic type showed that this variant type is controlled by a codominant allele at the SKTI locus. We propose the genetic symbol Tif for this novel variant. When the nucleotide sequence of the Tif gene was compared with those of other types of SKTI genes (Tia, Tib, and Tic), the sequence of Tif was identical to that of Tib with the exception of one A[Formula: see text]G transitional mutation occurring at position 676 of Tif. This mutation resulted in an amino acid change from Lys to Glu at the 178 residue. These results suggest that this variant is derived from Tib through a point mutation. In addition, we settled an inconsistency in the number of amino acid differences between Tia and Tib (eight or nine). Analysis of nucleotide and amino acid sequences revealed that Tib was different from Tia by nine amino acids.Key words: soybean Kunitz trypsin inhibitor, polymorphism, gene sequence, soybean, wild soybean.
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Sofía, Ceja León Edna, Sánchez Saavedra Ma Guadalupe, Cárdenas Pérez Ricardo, Loeza Lara Pedro Damian i Núñez Oregel Verónica. "Evaluación de aditivos químicos y biológicos en la vida de anaquel de la tortilla de nopal (opuntia ficus-indica)". South Florida Journal of Development 2, nr 4 (24.09.2021): 6133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.46932/sfjdv2n4-087.
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La tortilla de maíz (Zea mays L.), es la base de la alimentación mexicana, por su alto valor nutricional, no obstante, dado el nivel calórico que presenta se buscan alternativas que disminuyan este contenido. Una opción es adicionarle nopal, lo que disminuye el nivel calórico y proporciona beneficios importantes tales como, buena fuente de fibra dietética, actividad antioxidante, efecto prebiótico y con ello, es una alternativa para prevención de enfermedades crónicas degenerativas. Sin embargo, dada la alta actividad acuosa del nopal disminuye considerablemente la vida de anaquel de la tortilla, ocasionando deterioro significativo en pocos días. Para revertir tal efecto existen conservadores químicos como: el benzoato de sodio y ácido cítrico y conservadores biológicos como: las gomas arábigas, guar, xantana y el quitosano, que favorecen la baja actividad acuosa y permiten estabilizar de manera importante un alimento. Aunado al interés de la población de una disminución del consumo calórico también existe la preocupación de consumir alimentos libres de patógenos y la menor cantidad de aditivos posibles. Por lo anterior, en este trabajo se analizan diferentes conservadores químicos y biológicos con la finalidad de alargar la vida de anaquel de la tortilla de nopal con la mínima dosis posible. Para ello, a 1 kg de masa se agregó el agente conservante en diferentes concentraciones, se homogeneizó y posteriormente se elaboraron las tortillas a partir de 30 g de la masa, se dejó alcanzar la temperatura ambiente, empacaron y almacenaron a 25 °C y 4 °C, se registró diariamente el estado de la tortilla hasta observar cambios desfavorables. Se obtuvieron resultados con una duración de 5 días a temperatura ambiente con aditivos diferentes y de 25 y 37 días a temperatura de 4°C.
Corn tortilla (Zea mays L.) is the basis of Mexican food, due to its high nutritional value; however, given its high caloric content, alternatives are being sought to reduce this content. One option is to add nopal, which reduces the caloric level and provides important benefits such as a good source of dietary fiber, antioxidant activity, prebiotic effect and thus is an alternative for the prevention of chronic degenerative diseases. However, due to the high aqueous activity of nopal, the tortilla's shelf life decreases considerably, causing significant deterioration in a few days. To reverse this effect, there are chemical preservatives such as sodium benzoate and citric acid and biological preservatives such as gums arabic, guar, xanthan and chitosan, which favor the low water activity and can significantly stabilize a food. In addition to the population's interest in reducing caloric intake, there is also the concern of consuming food free of pathogens and the least amount of additives possible. Therefore, in this work, different chemical and biological preservatives are analyzed in order to extend the shelf life of nopal tortillas with the minimum possible dose. For this purpose, the preservative agent was added to 1 kg of dough in different concentrations, homogenized and then the tortillas were made from 30 g of dough, allowed to reach room temperature, packed and stored at 25 °C and 4 °C, and the tortilla condition was recorded daily until unfavorable changes were observed. Results were obtained with a shelf life of 5 days at room temperature with different additives and 25 and 37 days at 4°C.
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Beauchemin, Suzanne, i R. R. Simard. "Soil phosphorus saturation degree: Review of some indices and their suitability for P management in Québec, Canada". Canadian Journal of Soil Science 79, nr 4 (1.11.1999): 615–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s98-087.
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Many agricultural fields contain excessive labile soil P in regard to crop needs. Its environmental fate must be assessed. The concept of P saturation degree is meaningful as it describes the portion of the soil binding sites already covered with P, and indicates the potential desorbability of soil P. The first objective of this study was to review different indices that have been proposed to estimate the degree of soil P saturation and the relationships between soil P saturation degree and P solubility. The second objective is to discuss their suitability as environmental indicators for P management in the province of Québec, Canada. In the Netherlands, the P saturation index is defined as the ratio of P to Al + Fe contents extracted by ammonium oxalate [Pox/( Alox + Feox ) or ( Pox/0.5( Alox + Feox )]. This approach has been mainly used with non-calcareous soils. In Québec, the ratio of Mehlich-III extractable P to Al (M3P/AlM3) is proposed as an alternative, which relies on routine laboratory test. However, the suitability of the M3P/AlM3 ratio has yet to be determined for some specific soil groups (e.g. gleyed soils, soils with Alox content >6 g kg−1) and for subsoil horizons. Regardless of the chosen index, it is suggested that the best way to manage the risk of water contamination by P in Québec (namely, defining critical levels of soil P saturation) may be to form homogeneous soil groups to account for their distinctive behaviour and characteristics. Key words: Phosphorus, saturation, management
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Johnstone, Jill F., i Eric S. Kasischke. "Stand-level effects of soil burn severity on postfire regeneration in a recently burned black spruce forest". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35, nr 9 (1.09.2005): 2151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x05-087.
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This study tested whether variations in soil burn severity (soil organic layer consumption) influenced patterns of early postfire plant regeneration in a black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) forest in interior Alaska. Variations in burn severity were related to measurements of postfire tree seedling establishment and cover of plant growth forms observed 78 years after fire. Black spruce and trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) showed significant and opposite responses of seedling density to changes in soil burn severity. Positive correlations between burn severity and aspen density and individual seedling biomass led to an increase of over three orders of magnitude in aspen standing biomass (aboveground, g/m2) from the least to most severely burned sites. Variations in aspen productivity and consequent effects on litter production and seedbed quality possibly explain the observed negative response of black spruce density to increasing burn severity. Variations in the cover of several plant growth forms were also strongly correlated with patterns of soil burn severity. Regenerating plant communities in low-severity sites had a greater cover of evergreen shrubs and graminoids, while high-severity sites had increased cover of aspen and acro carp ous mosses. Observations of regeneration patterns in the burn are largely consistent with experimental studies of severity effects and suggest that variations in soil burn severity can have a strong influence on landscape patterns of postfire forest recovery. In this case, increases in burn severity have shifted successional trajectories away from simple conifer self-replacement towards a trajectory of mixed conifer and deciduous dominance.
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Tosic, J., K. Karapandza, Z. Stanojevic i A. Isakovic. "P.1.g.081 Desloratadine exerts antitumor effect against glioma cell lines". European Neuropsychopharmacology 24 (październik 2014): S250—S251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-977x(14)70392-x.
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Duchêne, A., J. Thomasson, M. Perier, Y. Zhao, F. Chauveau, C. Piérard, D. Lagarde i in. "P.1.g.085 Gap junction-mediated modulation of modafinil pharmacological profile". European Neuropsychopharmacology 24 (październik 2014): S253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-977x(14)70396-7.
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Burczynski, F. J., S. Fandrey, G. Wang, P. A. Pavletic i Y. Gong. "Cytosolic fatty acid binding protein enhances rat hepatocyte [3H]palmitate uptake". Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 77, nr 11 (25.10.1999): 896–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y99-087.
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Liver cytosolic fatty acid binding protein (FABP) represents the intracellular equivalent to extracellular serum albumin, participating in the intracellular transport of long-chain fatty acids. In this study we observed the effect of increasing and decreasing FABP levels on hepatocyte [3H]palmitate uptake in male Sprague-Dawley rats. We also were interested to determine whether uptake, from either the unbound or unbound and protein-bound fractions, was fundamentally different at the different FABP levels. FABP levels were modified by hypophysectomy and clofibrate treatment (50 mg/100 g body weight for 10 days). Results showed that the [3H]palmitate clearance rates paralleled the 54% decrease and 73% increase in FABP levels in hypophysectomy and clofibrate-treated animals, respectively. In the presence of 2 and 20 µM albumin, hepatocyte clearance rates of unbound [3H]palmitate from hypophysectomized animals (0.16 ± 0.01 and 0.64 ± 0.01 mL·s-1·10-6 cells, respectively) were significantly lower (p < 0.01) than those of the sham group (0.30 ± 0.02 and 1.00 ± 0.06 mL·s-1·10-6 cells, respectively). However, the unbound [3H]palmitate clearance rates from the clofibrate-treated group (0.39 ± 0.04 and 1.18 ± 0.12 mL·s-1·10-6 cells) were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than the control group (0.29 ± 0.02 and 0.81 ± 0.05 mL·s-1·10-6 cells) for 2 and 20 µM albumin, respectively. To investigate whether uptake was fundamentally different between the hypophysectomized and clofibrate-treated groups, we expressed the clearance rates as enhancement factors, i.e., EF = CL20µM/CL2µM. No statistical difference was observed between EF of the hypophsectomized (3.8 ± 0.4) and EF of the clofibrate-treated (3.1 ± 0.3) groups, suggesting that the extracted ligand originated from similar fractions.Key words: palmitic acid, albumin, growth hormone, liver, fatty acid binding protein, uptake, hepatic, long-chain fatty acids, clofibrate, hypophysectomy.
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Volchyn, I. A., L. S. Haponych i W. Ja Przybylski. "Current state and forecast of sulfur dioxide and dust emissions at thermal power plants of Ukraine". Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, nr 5 (2020): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2021-5/087.
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Purpose. Analysing the current state of sulfur dioxide and dust emissions from coal combustion at thermal power plants of Ukraine, predicting them with regard to changes which have occurred in the Ukrainian power industry over the last years, and estimating these emissions to compare with the limit gross emission values of pollutants according to the National Emissions Reduction Plan. Methodology. The method for calculating the pollutant emissions is elaborated, based on using the quantity of produced or supplied electricity for each year of TPP operation. Findings. It has been established that the gross emissions of SO2 at Ukrainian TPPs over the last years have amounted to about 620 thousand tons, and those of dust have made 140 thousand tons. In 2019, the average emission factors for all types of coal were 1180 g/GJ (for sulfur dioxide) and 288 g/GJ (for dust). The average values of specific emissions of SO2 and dust were 14.4 and 3.4g/kWh of supplied electricity, respectively, as compared with 1.2 and 0.2 g/kWh, which are characteristic of the current level at coal TPPs of the EU countries. Originality. Analytic dependency has been established between SO2 emission factors in flue gas at coal TPPs and low heat value and sulfur and ash content for Ukrainian energy coal. Practical value. The developed method allows one to perform calculations of maximum permissible and predicted gross emissions of SO2 and dust at TPPs of Ukraine.
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Tilchenko, D. A., E. Yu Bibik, K. A. Frolov, V. V. Dotsenko, S. G. Krivokolysko, G. A. Batishcheva i E. S. Ketova. "The effect of new partially hydrogenated pyridines, cyanothioacetamide derivatives, on the liver morphological parameters in rats with dexamethasone-induced diabetes mellitus". Journal of Siberian Medical Sciences 7, nr 1 (2023): 118–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31549/2542-1174-2023-7-1-118-131.
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Introduction. On the basis of the Chemex Scientific Lab of the Vladimir Dahl Lugansk State University we have synthesized and selected 4 samples of partially hydrogenated pyridine derivatives via in silico screening, containing a furan fragment in the fourth position (codenamed cv-150, cv-140, cv-083 and jen09-039), the effect of which on the course of dexamethasone-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) is of interest. Aim. To study the morphological parameters of the liver of dexamethasone-induced diabetic rats during a period of pronounced senile changes in the setting of pharmacological treatment with new partially hydrogenated pyridines, cyanothioacetamide derivatives. Materials and methods. The experiment was carried out with 92 18-month-old albino male rats, by administering per os 4 samples of 1,4-dihydropyridine at a dose of 1 mg/kg to each individual group of animals with dexamethasone-induced diabetes mellitus. Simultaneously, a control group (dexamethasone-induced diabetes) and a group of intact animals (without steroid-induced diabetes) were used. Dexamethasone was administered for 13 days. The intact and control group of animals consisted of 12 individuals. Four experimental groups of animals consisted of 17 individuals in each group. Animals of the experimental groups received one of the study compounds cv-150, cv-140, cv-083 and jen09-039 via gastric tube at a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight for 21 days. Results. During the experiment, 10 animals died from late complications of DM. Death was recorded in the control and experimental groups treated with cv-083 and jen09-039 compounds. The most pronounced hepatomegaly was found in animals of the control group, the absolute liver weight averaged 16.43 g (3.4% of body weight) with indicators in intact animals group of 14.44 g (2.8% of body weight). The liver weight of rats treated with the cv-150 compound was 12.90 g (2.74% of body weight). The minimal number of pathological changes of the liver was detected in animals receiving partially hydrogenated pyridine cv-083 – 28.6%. The maximum number of pathological changes was registered in control animals receiving dexamethasone without pharmacological treatment – 88.9%. No liver changes were detected in intact rats. Conclusion. Positive metabolic and psychosomatic changes were observed during the experiment in groups of animals treated with cv-150 and cv-140 compounds. There was no mortality in these experimental groups. According to necroptic study, hepatoprotective activity was found in these compounds. The result of using the cv-083 compound is questionable. The jen09-039 compound did not have any positive effect on the course of dexamethasone-induced diabetes.
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Jesus, Lucas Marques de, Thiago Arkim Alves Souza, Max Ramos Souza, Andressa Vieira Castro, Renan Batista Queiroz i Júlio Cláudio Martins. "Effect of mixed organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth, leaf macronutrient contents and yield of pitaya(Hylocereus undatus) under field conditions". COLLOQUIUM AGRARIAE 17, nr 6 (19.12.2021): 22–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5747/ca.2021.v17.n6.a466.
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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the pitaya’s Hylocereus undatusperformance under field conditions. The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD). Five treatments consisting of the four different fertilizer dosages were included in this study, namely T1 (00-120-320-120); T2 (04-080-160-080); T3 (06-060-100-060); T4 (08-000-000-000) and T5 (Control: 00-000-000-000) of bovine manure (kg pit-1), urea (g pit-1), super simple (g pit-1) and potassium chloride (g pit-1), respectively. Parameters such as height, number, length, width, area, and volume of the cladodes were assessed at 20 and 320 days after planting. The number of fruits produced and mineral composition (N, K, Ca, Mg, P, and S) of H. undatusplants were also assessed. The results on morphometric characteristics of the cladodes, macronutrient composition and fruit yield have been recorded with higher values in treatments 3 and 4. However, according to the principal component analysis performed, treatment 3 was the one that correlated with the evaluated characteristics. The results have clearly indicatedthe importance of combination of adequate dose of mineral and organic fertilizer for better vegetative performance and yield of pitaya crop.
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Miyazaki, Shuichi, Takayuki Hosoyama, Nobuhiko Furuya, Yoshikazu Ishii, Tetsuya Matsumoto, Akira Ohno, Kazuhiro Tateda i Keizo Yamaguchi. "In Vitro and In Vivo Antibacterial Activities of L-084, a Novel Oral Carbapenem, against Causative Organisms of Respiratory Tract Infections". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 45, nr 1 (1.01.2001): 203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.45.1.203-207.2001.
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ABSTRACT L-084 (a prodrug of LJC 11,036 [L-036]) is a new oral carbapenem. Here we compared the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of L-036 with those of imipenem, faropenem, ceditoren-pivoxil, cefdinir, amoxicillin, and levofloxacin. The MICs at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited of L-036 against methicillin-susceptible staphylococci,Streptococcus pneumoniae including penicillin-resistant organisms, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae including ampicillin-resistant organisms, Legionella pneumophila, andMoraxella catarrhalis were equal to or less than 1 μg/ml. In pharmacokinetics studies of L-084 in lungs of mice, the maximum concentration in serum, half-life, and area under the concentration-time curve of this drug were 9.09 μg/g of tissue, 6.18 h, and 31.0 μg · h/ml, respectively. In murine respiratory infection models of penicillin-susceptible and -resistantS. pneumoniae and H. influenzae, the efficacies of L-084 were better than those of reference drugs. Our results indicate that the in vitro high potency and good distribution in the lungs might be the underlying mechanisms of its efficacy in the murine model of pneumonia.
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Deslauriers, David, Ryan Johnston i Steven R. Chipps. "Effect of Morphological Fin-Curl on the Swimming Performance and Station-Holding Ability of Juvenile Shovelnose Sturgeon". Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 7, nr 1 (1.03.2016): 198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/092015-jfwm-087.
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Abstract We assessed the effect of fin-curl on the swimming and station-holding ability of juvenile shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus (mean fork length = 17 cm; mean weight = 16 g; n = 21) using a critical swimming speed test performed in a small swim chamber (90 L) at 20°C. We quantified fin-curl severity using the pectoral fin index. Results showed a positive relationship between pectoral fin index and critical swimming speed indicative of reduced swimming performance displayed by fish afflicted with a pectoral fin index < 8%. Fin-curl severity, however, did not affect the station-holding ability of individual fish. Rather, fish affected with severe fin-curl were likely unable to use their pectoral fins to position their body adequately in the water column, which led to the early onset of fatigue. Results generated from this study should serve as an important consideration for future stocking practices.