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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Fuel location”

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Data publikacji: 6 września 2023

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1

Reece, Warren Daniel. "Theory of cladding breach location and size determination using delayed neutron signals /". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13317.

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Schafer, Guy M. "Identifying Bio-Diesel Production Facility Locations for Home Heating Fuel Applications Within the Midwest Region of the United States". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1302263583.

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Middleton, Jason Enil. "Logistic Strategies for an Herbaceous Crop Residue-Based Ethanol Production Industry : An Application to Northeastern North Dakota". Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2008. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29716.

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A mixed integer programming model is developed to determine a logistical design for maximizing rates of return to harvest, storage, transportation, and bioreflning of herbaceous crop residue for production of biofuels and feed for ruminant animals. The primary objective of this research is to identify the optimal location, scale, and number of pretreatment and biorefinery plants in northeastern North Dakota. The pretreatment and biorefinery plants are modeled under the assumption that they utilize recent technological advancement in AFEX and Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation, respectively. Potential feedstocks include wheat straw, barley straw, Durum straw, and com stover. Results indicate that the minimum ethanol rack price that will effectively trigger the production of cellulosic ethanol is $1.75 per gallon.
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Rundin, Patrick. "Evaluation of a statistical method to use prior information in the estimation of combustion parameters". Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-6255.

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Ion current sensing, where information about the combustion process in an SI-engine is gained by applying a voltage over the spark gap, is currently used to detect and avoid knock and misfire. Several researchers have pointed out that information on peak pressure location and air/fuel ratio can be gained from the ion current and have suggested several ways to estimate these parameters.

Here a simplified Bayesian approach was taken to construct a lowpass-like filter or estimator that makes use of prior information to improve estimates in crucial areas. The algorithm is computationally light and could, if successful, improve estimates enough for production use.

The filter was implemented in several variants and evaluated in a number of simulated cases. It was found that the proposed filter requires a number of trade-offs between variance, bias, tracking speed and accuracy that are difficult to balance. For satisfactory estimates and trade-off balance the prior information must be more accurate than was available.

It was also found that similar a task, constructing a general Bayesian estimator, has already been tackled in the area of particle filtering and that there are promising and unexplored possibilities there. However, particle filters require computational power that will not be available to production engines for some years.


Vid jonströmsmätning utvinns information om förbränningsprocessen i en bensinmotor genom att en spänning läggs över gnistgapet och den resulterande strömmen mäts. Jonströmsmätning används idag för knack- och feltändningsdetektion. Flera forskare har påpekat att det finns än mer information i jonströmmen, bl.a. om bränsleblandningen och cylindertrycket och har även föreslagit metoder för att utvinna och använda den informationen för skattning av dessa parametrar.

Här presenteras en förenklad Bayesisk metod i form av en lågpassfilter-liknande skattare som använder förkunskap till att förbättra estimat på relevanta områden. Algoritmen är beräkningsmässigt lätt och kan, om den är framgångsrik, leverera skattningar av förbränningsparametrar som är tillräckligt bra för att användas för sluten styrning av en bensinmotor.

Skattaren, eller filtret, implementerades i flera varianter och utvärderades i ett antal simulerade fall. Resultaten visade på att flera svåra avvägningar måste göras mellan förbättring i varians, avvikelse och följning eftersom förbättring i den ena ledde till försämring i de andra. För att göra dessa avvägningar och få goda skattningar krävs bättre förhandskunskap och mätdata än vad som var tillgängligt.

Bayesisk skattning är ett stort befintligt område inom statistik och signalbehandling och den mest generella skattaren är partikelfiltret som har många intressanta tillämpningar och möjligheter. De har hittills inte använts inom skattning av förbränningsparametrar och har således go potential för framtida utveckling. De är dock beräkningsmässigt tunga och kräver beräkningsresurser utöver vad som är tillgängliga i ett motorstyrsystem idag.

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Schlögl, Katrin [Verfasser], Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Arenz, Ulrich K. [Akademischer Betreuer] Heiz i Kai-Olaf [Akademischer Betreuer] Hinrichsen. "Identical location transmission electron microscopy in combination with rotating disc electrode measurements : the activity of fuel cell catalysts and their degradation / Katrin Schlögl. Gutachter: Matthias Arenz ; Ulrich K. Heiz ; Kai-Olaf Hinrichsen. Betreuer: Matthias Arenz". München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1014330203/34.

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Reeder, Kory Ray. "The Location of Lines". Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1521462083959007.

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MAROCCO, PAOLO. "Hydrogen-based energy storage systems for off-grid locations". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2945185.

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Aloupis, Greg. "On computing geometric estimators of location". Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31181.

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Let S be a data set of n points in Rd, and m&d4; be a point in Rd which "best" describes S. Since the term "best" is subjective, there exist several definitions for finding m&d4; . However, it is generally agreed that such a definition, or estimator of location, should have certain statistical properties which make it robust. Most estimators of location assign a depth value to any point in Rd and define m&d4; to be a point with maximum depth. Here, new results are presented concerning the computational complexity of estimators of location. We prove that in R2 the computation of simplicial and halfspace depth of a point requires O (n log n) time, which matches the upper bound complexities of algorithms by Rousseeuw and Ruts. Our lower bounds also apply to two sign tests, that of Hodges and that of Oja and Nyblom. In addition, we propose algorithms which reduce the time complexity of calculating the points with greatest Oja and simplicial depth. Our fastest algorithms use O(n3 log n) and O(n4) time respectively, compared to the algorithms of Rousseeuw and Ruts which use O(n5 log n) time. One of our algorithms may also be used to find a point with minimum weighted sum of distances to a set of n lines in O( n2) time. This point is called the Fermat-Torricelli point of n lines by Roy Barbara, whose algorithm uses O( n3) time. Finally, we propose a new estimator which arises from the notion of hyperplane depth recently defined by Rousseeuw and Hubert.
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9

Kat, Michael P. "Comparative studies of microseismic source location techniques". Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61709.

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Dostmohamed, Hanifa. "Presentation of haptic shape through contact location trajectory". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82480.

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This thesis investigates a series of elementary cues, which together are thought to constitute fundamental components of the perceptual process arising from haptic interaction with an object. Results from a first study indicate that direct contact between fingerpad and object is important during haptic exploration. This was hypothesized to be so since the stereotypical contact region that is defined between fingerpad and object during direct contact is fundamentally different from the contact region defined through interaction of the object with an intermediary such as a probe. In an attempt to artificially create local contact region deformation trajectories, a servo-controlled mechanism was designed to roll a flat plate on the fingerpad during exploration of virtual surfaces thereby mimicking trajectories that are normally observed during direct fingerpad exploration of a physical object. Using the mechanism, it was demonstrated that through the presentation of this single cue an experience of touching three-dimensional shapes could be created. The importance of additional cues, such as number of contact points and motor control effects, on the haptic acquisition of shape information were also investigated.
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Mancini, Joseph A. L. "Expression and location of Photobacterium phosphoreum lux genes". Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64039.

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Murat, Ekrem Alper. "An allocation based modeling and solution framework for location problems with dense demand /". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102685.

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In this thesis we present a unified framework for planar location-allocation problems with dense demand. Emergence of such information technologies as Geographical Information Systems (GIS) has enabled access to detailed demand information. This proliferation of demand data brings about serious computational challenges for traditional approaches which are based on discrete demand representation. Furthermore, traditional approaches model the problem in location variable space and decide on the allocation decisions optimally given the locations. This is equivalent to prioritizing location decisions. However, when allocation decisions are more decisive or choice of exact locations is a later stage decision, then we need to prioritize allocation decisions. Motivated by these trends and challenges, we herein adopt a modeling and solution approach in the allocation variable space.
Our approach has two fundamental characteristics: Demand representation in the form of continuous density functions and allocation decisions in the form of service regions. Accordingly, our framework is based on continuous optimization models and solution methods. On a plane, service regions (allocation decisions) assume different shapes depending on the metric chosen. Hence, this thesis presents separate approaches for two-dimensional Euclidean-metric and Manhattan-metric based distance measures. Further, we can classify the solution approaches of this thesis as constructive and improvement-based procedures. We show that constructive solution approach, namely the shooting algorithm, is an efficient procedure for solving both the single dimensional n-facility and planar 2-facility problems. While constructive solution approach is analogous for both metric cases, improvement approach differs due to the shapes of the service regions. In the Euclidean-metric case, a pair of service regions is separated by a straight line, however, in the Manhattan metric, separation takes place in the shape of three (at most) line segments. For planar 2-facility Euclidean-metric problems, we show that shape preserving transformations (rotation and translation) of a line allows us to design improvement-based solution approaches. Furthermore, we extend this shape preserving transformation concept to n-facility case via vertex-iteration based improvement approach and design first-order and second-order solution methods. In the case of planar 2-facility Manhattan-metric problems, we adopt translation as the shape-preserving transformation for each line segment and develop an improvement-based solution approach. For n-facility case, we provide a hybrid algorithm. Lastly, we provide results of a computational study and complexity results of our vertex-based algorithm.
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13

Crane, Joelle. "Right medial temporal-lobe contribution to object-location memory". Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36571.

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This thesis includes several studies investigating the right medial temporal-lobe contribution to memory for the location of objects in an array. Three arrays of toy objects were constructed and shown to be comparable in difficulty on the basis of tests with undergraduate students. These arrays were then employed as the test material for examining memory with tasks of immediate or delayed recall within a single trial, in addition to learning-to-criterion across multiple trials. Normal control subjects and patients with unilateral resection from the anterior temporal lobe were tested. The patients had undergone either selective amygdalo-hippocampectomy or anterior temporal lobectomy that either spared or largely invaded the hippocampal formation. The only groups showing impairment were those with large resections from the right hippocampal region; this deficit was noted on immediate recall, delayed recall, and incremental learning of the spatial arrays. In 75 of the patients tested, postoperative magnetic resonance scans were used to measure the extent of tissue remaining in the medial temporal-lobe structures; from multiple regression analyses, the extent of right hippocampus remaining was found to be the best predictor of array-learning performance. The notion that the hippocampus encodes spatial information in a map-like or allocentric manner (O'Keefe and Nadel, 1978) was explored by requiring normal control subjects and patients with unilateral temporal-lobe lesions to reconstruct the spatial arrays from a vantage-point other than that from which they had previously viewed the arrays. Contrary to prediction, the allocentric manipulation failed, in general, to elicit any additional impairment. Taken together, the results indicate that damage limited to the medial-temporal region in the right hemisphere is sufficient to disrupt memory for the location of objects. Within this region, the hippocampus appears to be the most critical structure for building, over suc
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14

Tao, Yuxian. "Transient fault location in low voltage underground distribution networks". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2013. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=25551.

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This thesis presents a novel approach to automatic transient fault location in Low Voltage Underground Distribution Networks (LVUDN). A transient fault is the first stage of development of a fault condition which is indicative of a threat to power network security, but is not significant enough to trip the protection system. The proposed approach is based on time domain reflectometry (TDR), enhanced by pulse compression, wavelet transform and adaptive filters. The thesis provides a review of the properties of faults in LVUDN and of the characteristics of typical underground cables used in LVUDN. Advantages and restrictions of existing fault location techniques were discussed. Advanced signal processing tools such as pulse compression, adaptive filter and wavelet transform were also investigated. A pulse compression enhanced TDR acquisition methodology was developed and a self-comparing scheme was proposed to detect the timely change of the enhanced TDR waveform, thereby providing the corresponding required deviation-threshold to trigger the system and finally to calculate the fault distance. The pulse-compression technique provides better resolution and detection range, and side lobes are suppressed by applying wavelet transform. The deviation trigger is further enhanced by adaptive filtering for better noise rejection. A fully-customised, prototype fault locator and software were developed to implement the pulse compression, wavelet transform and adaptive based automatic transient fault location system. The prototype fault locator was tested in a live LVUDN and the results were evaluated.
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Navaneethan, Senthivadivelu. "Automatic fault location system for low voltage underground distribution networks". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2003. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21540.

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This thesis presents a novel approach to automating Time Domain Reflectrometry (TDR) waveform acquisition and automatic TDR based fault location in Low Voltage (450-1000V) Underground Distribution Networks (LVUDNs). First, the types of faults that occur in LVUDN and previously available fault location techniques are discussed and their relative advantages and limitations described. Adaptive Filter theory, Wavelet Transform Theory and Fuzzy Logic are presented. Software is developed to automate: checking of the test lead connections, adjusting the internal balance network to match the cable surge impedance, blown fuse detection and backfeed identification, auto recording and storage of data, and voltage and current triggering for transient faults. Software is also developed for both direct and remote control of the instrument via a standard telephone line, GSM modem or direct serial link. Adaptive and fuzzy based, and wavelet based automatic fault location systems are developed. Both systems pre-process the TDR waveforms by using a simple thresholding technique to identify single phase tees and to locate three phase faults. The adaptive and fuzzy based system uses an adaptive filter to produce a composite waveform from the healthy and faulty TDR waveforms and the fault distance is calculated using the composite waveform. If the result produces more than one possible fault distance either from the TDR waveforms or the error waveforms, the system uses fuzzy reasoning to find a common fault distance. In the wavelet based fault location process the TDR waveforms are split into four multi-scales before applying the adaptive filtering and calculating the fault distance using a selected scale. To improve the accuracy of fault distance calculation, local mean and gradient techniques are used in the adaptive and fuzzy based fault location system and latter technique is used in the wavelet enhanced fault location system. The performances of both systems were tested using data from a cable model and from real LVUDNs and gave an accuracy of ±4.3m of the actual fault distance.
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Giunta, Alberto. "Sviluppo di un modulo di real-time Location-awareness a supporto dei sistemi di soccorso". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016.

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Negli ultimi decenni l'avanzamento tecnologico nei sistemi mobile ha avuto un notevole impatto sui sistemi informatici comunemente utilizzati nel lavoro di tutti i giorni dal personale in ambito sanitario. Una branca del settore sanitario su cui è posta particolare attenzione quando si parla di nuove tecnologie, e del loro possibile campo di applicazione, è quella delle missioni di soccorso al verificarsi di emergenze, ove con emergenze sono intesi catastrofi naturali o scenari di guerra. Il settore della ricerca è tutt'ora al lavoro nello sviluppo di sistemi che aiutino i partecipanti a questo tipo di missioni in diversi modi: si va dal facilitare l'inter-comunicazione tra i membri di un team sparsi sul campo, all'aumentare le capacità dei soccorritori tramite l'utilizzo di dispositivi wearable, fino a sistemi che facilitino la condivisione di informazioni cliniche sui pazienti, in modo tale da far sì che ogni operatore possa verificare lo stato di salute di qualsiasi paziente e sapere quali trattamenti e protocolli sono già stati effettuati. Ogni situazione d'emergenza ha delle specifiche caratteristiche, dipendentemente dal paese in cui ha luogo, dall'efficienza dei soccorsi e dalla gravità del problema, e i sistemi sopracitati devono essere in grado di essere utilizzati in ognuna di queste, adattandosi bene a tutte questi fattori esterni. Il lavoro svolto per la stesura di questa tesi si va a posizionare esattamente in questo contesto, ed è mirato allo sviluppo di un modulo capace di gestire la Geolocalizzazione di operatori e Triage in maniera per lo più indipendente dal resto del sistema e dagli operatori stessi, proponendo una comunicazione real time tra le varie componenti presenti (Operatori e Control Room).
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Grobe, Patricia. "Attachment and delinquency among First Nations adolescents from a remote geographic location". Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31110.

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Attachment theories emphasize the importance of a secure attachment at all stages in life. In secure attachment relationships, individuals are confident that during times of real or perceived distress they can rely on the attachment figure to provide desired security. Conversely, individuals with insecure attachments feel they cannot rely on their attachment figures and thus will not be comforted in times of need. Lack of secure attachments can lead to psychological and behavioral difficulties. In the present study, maternal and peer attachments were investigated and related to levels of self-reported delinquency among 84 First Nations adolescent students, ages 11 to 17 from a reserve in a remote geographic location. The results from the present study appear to be congruent with the literature which reports that insecure attachments in youths lead to higher rates of delinquent behaviors. High levels of secure attachments in the participants resulted in low levels of reported delinquency, however the relationship between attachment and delinquency in adolescent participants was found to be dependent on the grade in school and gender interaction.
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Li, Beibei 1980. "Determining the optimal location for a large organic food store in Montreal". Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101602.

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In this thesis, the optimal location for a large format, organic food retail store is determined using the Huff Model in Montreal, Canada. The Huff Model has been widely used in marketing analysis to determine the optimal location in a variety of contexts. First, the study used Statistics Canada 2001 food expenditure data for Montreal to generate a double log linear food expenditure model for Montreal consumers. Variance Inflation Factors were calculated to test if there were multicollinearity problems, and a Breusch-Pagen test was done to test for heteroskedasticity. Neither of the results showed any statistical problems. Second, AC Nielson survey results were used to facilitate the organic food expenditure calculation process. Third, the travel distance from all census tracts in Montreal to the candidate store locations were calculated using the Manhattan distance calculator (McLafferty and Grady, 2005). Finally, the Huff Model was used to calculate an attractiveness index for each candidate location. The conclusion from the results of the empirical analysis was that, among the 45 candidate locations, which are scattered all across Montreal, 5445 de Gaspe gained the highest attractiveness index. This location is situated close to relatively affluent and highly populated areas of the city, and is also very accessible. Not only is this just a few blocks from two metro stations, and close to city bus routes, it is also adjacent to several major streets such as Saint-Laurent to the west, Saint-Denis to the east, Rosemont to the north and Saint-Joseph to the south. This thesis has provided a new application of the Huff model, which could be used in various markets, and has provided an interesting combination of models from the field of Economic Geography, and Agricultural Economics.
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Al, Qur'an Marwan. "Location decision-making processes of internationalising firms: a multiple case study investigation". Curtin University of Technology, Curtin Business School, 2005. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=16311.

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Research into the location decision of Australian international firms was primarily directed toward investigating motivations of Australian investors for setting up their foreign direct investments (FDI) in specific foreign countries. Nevertheless, the strategic decision-making process concerning the selection of a beneficial foreign country for either Australian or Western Australian international operations has been neglected in the existing literature; hence, an evident and significant gap was identified. Therefore, the current exploratory investigation used an interpretive paradigm to examine ‘how do Western Australian internationalising firms arrive at a beneficial foreign location choice for their international operations and hence attain successful international expansion. As an attempt to provide rich and deep insights into managerial actions and procedures, as well as critical success factors, that should be considered in effective international location decision-making process to attain a beneficial foreign location choice, five empirical comparative in-depth case studies excluding a pilot case study were purposefully selected from among sixteen potential Western Australian firms which established manufacturing and service operations abroad. Furthermore, seven international location decision-making processes were examined within these five cases through relying on several data sources: in-depth face to face interviews, short telephone and follow-up interviews and questionnaire instrument as primary data sources besides field notes, documents review when available and internet sources as secondary data sources. Two main stages of analysis were undertaken in the current research, namely, within and cross-case analyses.
The empirical findings of the extant research show that a thorough consultative and international experience-based strategic decision process should be considered to attain effective foreign country selection decisions. The consultative decision process encompasses five crucial managerial phases; that is, (1) strategic analysis of internationalisation drivers, (2) strategic searching and development of location factors and alternatives, (3) acquiring of adequate and relevant information about the prospective locations and, hence, strategic assessment for these alternatives, (4) strategic selection of final beneficial foreign location choice, and finally, (5) effective implementation of the selected location choice. Results reveal that the decision process cannot separately lead to the selection of a beneficial foreign location choice in the absence of four critical success factors, i.e., (1) international business experience of the selected location team, (2) the country knowledge about the potential foreign locations, (3) in-house and external consultations with international business experts and (4) identification of a trustworthy and internationally experienced manager or local partner for the international operation. The findings also illustrate that the comprehensive foreign country selection decision process is a multi-stage decision process which incorporates three separate location selection processes, namely, (1) country selection, (2) city selection and (3) site selection process. The current research extends the satisficing or bounded rational decision theory by confirming the appropriateness and the effectiveness of the theory in foreign country selection decisions.
In addition, the earlier critical success factors are adding new and important aspects of knowledge to the existing research on location decision-making process in international business, as well as foreign direct investment decisions. Accordingly, the former management phases and critical success factors were integrated into a conceptual model. The major and the unique contribution of the current thesis to existing theory is the development of a decision model which combines two fields of management research; that is, strategic decision-making and location decision-making in international business. The research provides important methodological contributions to international business research in relation to an effective multiple case study approach to capture elements of the comprehensive and complex international location decision-making process. Finally, the research findings and decision model have practical managerial implications for both international and internationalising firms by assisting them to improve the effectiveness of their foreign country selection decision processes. Further, the findings provide benefits for foreign investment policy-makers as well as local development officials in both home and host countries by assisting them to increase their outward FDI and attract more inward FDI and, consequently, boost the economic development movement in their countries.
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Petry, Hisham Johnathon. "Comparison of SC dervied memory models and location consistency on shared memory architectures". Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27898.

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All methods of multi-processing need some form of processor to processor communication. In shared memory architectures this communication takes place through the shared global address space. A set of rules must be provided to control when and how updates to the shared memory made by one processor will be seen by another processor. These rules make up the memory model of the shared memory architecture. Since the memory model controls inter-processor communication and access to the shared memory, choosing these rules will be very important for efficiency in terms of memory access stalls.
The first memory models were designed from a uniproeessor perspective. In these model every processor sees every update (write) to memory in the same order, which is referred to as coherence. By removing the requirement of coherence, new memory models arise which may be more efficient in terms of network usage, and in terms of cache hit ratios. The new memory model called Location Consistency (LC) will be shown to be more efficient than the coherent memory models.
This thesis discusses the implementation and results of a Shared Memory Simulator (SHAMS). SHAMS supports several memory models, and provides a platform for running shared memory programs which previously did not exist at McGill.
The importance of caching, a definition of LC and an outline of how the models are supported in simulated hardware will be presented. Finally a comparison of several memory models will be given, showing the improvements that LC has to offer.
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21

Modise, Tumelo Jacob. "Local loop unbundling implementation model in South Africa's information communication and technology sector / T.J. Modise". Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3837.

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The cellular operators (Vodacom, Cell C, MTN and now Virgin Mobile) market has over 39-million mobile phone subscribers and the fixed operator (Telkom) has almost 5 million subscribers [13]. Although the telecommunication sector has been experiencing this significant growth (in terms of numbers), monopolisation of the local loop by Telkom has also resulted in communication prices that are not affordable to the majority of South Africans. The government of South Africa has identified cost of telecommunication services as one of the key initiatives that must be addressed to improve equal levels of access to ICT services in general. Local Loop Unbundling (or LLU for short) has been identified by the South African government as a tool that will minimise control that Telkom has over the copper cable connecting exchanges to customers whilst at the same time driving down the costs of Telecommunication in the country. Although some countries have successfully implemented local loop unbundling, some have not been so successful [3]. This dissertation proposes ICT Systems and processes South Africa needs to have in place to become one of the few success stories. The proposed model was validated against the different models adopted in countries like France, Portugal, United Kingdom and Austria. This dissertation develops a model for implementing local loop unbundling in the South African ICT sector. Local loop unbundling (in short LLU) has been successfully (and unsuccessfully) implemented in a number of countries around the world [3]. The model being proposed recommends best practices to be followed by all stakeholders to ensure successful deployment of local loop unbundling. The research takes a closer look at the South African ICT sector and makes recommendations on processes and systems that are necessary to ensure successful deployment of local loop unbundling in South Africa. The dissertation is written from the view of Telkom (The incumbent Operator), competitors (existing ones and new entrants) and the Regulator (ICASA) and focuses mainly on:  Technical Processes and Challenges that must be addressed  Regulatory Process and Challenges that must be addressed  Economic Challenges that must be addressed  Comparison to international ICT Markets and  Recommendations and Conclusions. The dissertation also covers the development of the Local loop unbundling model charter, Local Loop Management website and processes (Annexure A and B) developed (using HTML) used for the management of the unbundling process. Keywords: o Local loop o Caged Co-location
Thesis (M.Ing. (Development and Management Engineering)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.
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22

Gordon, Jason B. (Jason Benjamin). "Intermodal passenger flows on London's public transport network : automated inference of full passenger journeys using fare-transaction and vehicle-location data". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/78242.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning; and, (S.M. in Transportation)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2012.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 147-155).
Urban public transport providers have historically planned and managed their networks and services with limited knowledge of their customers' travel patterns. While ticket gates and bus fareboxes yield counts of passenger activity in specific stations and vehicles, the relationships between these transactions-the origins, interchanges, and destinations of individual passengers-have typically been acquired only through costly and therefore small and infrequent rider surveys. Building upon recent work on the utilization of automated fare-collection and vehicle-location systems for passenger-behavior analysis, this thesis presents methods for inferring the full journeys of all riders on a large public transport network. Using complete daily sets of data from London's Oyster farecard and iBus vehicle-location system, boarding and alighting times and locations are inferred for individual bus passengers, interchanges are inferred between passenger trips of various public modes, and full-journey origin-interchange-destination matrices are constructed, which include the estimated flows of non-farecard passengers. The outputs are validated against surveys and traditional origin-destination matrices, and the software implementation demonstrates that the procedure is efficient enough to be performed daily, enabling transport providers to observe travel behavior on all services at all times.
by Jason B. Gordon.
S.M.in Transportation
M.C.P.
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23

Carvalho, Éden de Rezende. "Biodiesel: análise e dimensionamento da rede logística no Brasil usando programação linear". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3148/tde-12112008-123903/.

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Neste trabalho foi desenvolvido um modelo de programação linear inteira mista para localização das instalações da rede logística do biodiesel no Brasil, de forma a que se possa, com sua aplicação, avaliar o potencial de produção de oleaginosas no país, assim como identificar as zonas mais promissoras para a localização dos diversos elos da cadeia do biodiesel, a partir da demanda gerada pela mistura de um percentual de biodiesel ao diesel fóssil. O modelo incorpora quatro elos da cadeia produtiva (fase agrícola, extração de óleo, produção de biodiesel e pontos de demanda). Os parâmetros do modelo foram estimados com base em informações reais de mercado disponíveis (base de dezembro/2007). Obteve-se com a aplicação do modelo a diversos cenários, os municípios mais indicados para produção das oleaginosas, as oleaginosas utilizadas, o volume de produção em cada local e, por fim, a localização e porte das fábricas de óleo e das usinas de biodiesel. Análises de sensibilidade de alguns parâmetros foram executadas para verificação do comportamento do modelo face a incertezas. O trabalho incorpora sugestões e recomendações para aprimoramento do modelo.
In this research a mixed integer linear programming model was developed to locate facilities related to the biodiesel supply chain in Brazil, making possible to evaluate the oleaginous production potential, as well as the most promising regions to became the location of the several levels of the biodiesel chain, in accordance to the biodiesel future demand. The model incorporates four levels of the productive chain (agricultural phase, extraction of oil, biodiesel production and demand points). The model parameters were estimated based on market information available (base of december/2007). The application of the model to several sceneries led to the indication of the most promising regions for production of the oleaginous, the used oleaginous ones, the volume of production in each place and, finally, the location and scale of oil and biodiesel factories. Sensibility analyses were conducted to verify the results related to parameters uncertainty. The research contains suggestion and recommendations for improvement of the model.
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24

Ji, Liang. "Improving fault location through interpole analysis of circuit breaker and automatic reclose scheme operation". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2012. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19009.

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This research concentrates on the development and evaluation of novel single ended impedance based fault location methods, which are easy and economical to implement in practice. The conventional single ended impedance based fault location methods normally suffer from negative effects associated with variability and inaccuracies in fault resistance, distance to fault and from the impact of variable remote end short circuit level. A novel concept of a single ended impedance based fault location method using analysis of 'interpole' states, which arise during the operation of the circuit breaker as the individual poles open sequentially, has been developed. The proposed fault location technique has been shown to have a very high theoretical accuracy by eliminating the aforementioned negative effects associated with conventional single ended impedance based methods. The thesis describes how the developed technique operates through comparing simulated voltage and currents during the interpole states with the actual measured voltage and currents, and searches for a match that may be indicative of fault location. When a match is found within a pre-specified tolerance error from analysis of the initial 'during fault' state, the ranges of corresponding possible fault locations, fault resistances and remote end short circuit levels used in the simulation are noted. The ranges of all possible values are subsequently reduced through analysis of the consecutive interpole stages as each pole of the circuit breaker opens sequentially to finally interrupt the flow of current in all three phases. The final, most accurate, fault location is obtained following on from analysis of the final state. Another single ended impedance based fault location method has been developed that extends the analysis to the operation of single/three phase auto-reclose schemes. Similarly with previous method, the second method also uses the analysis of different system states, which are arisen during the auto-reclose operation, and improves on the accuracy of the method that only analyses the single operation of the circuit breaker. The methods are demonstrated using EMTP/ATP simulation models for a variety of different cases and it is shown how high accuracy has been achieved, with improved performance when compared with conventional single ended impedance based method (Takagi method and network impedance method). Additionally, it is a potentially economic solution, as only local end data is required. The thesis concludes with an overview of ongoing and future work that has the intention of moving the work forward towards implementation within commercially available relay hardware.
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25

Geddy, Rachel Gwyneth. "Location and expression of genes related to the cytoplasmic male sterility system of Brassica napus". Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100608.

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Cytoplasrnic male sterility (CMS) is a maternally inherited defect in the production of pollen, the male gamete of the flower. This sterility can be suppressed by nuclear Restorer of Fertility (Rf) genes that normally downregulate the expression of the CMS-associated novel mitochondrial gene. In Brassica napus, nap CMS and pol CMS are associated with related chimeric mitochondrial genes orf222 and orf224, respectively. CMS in both nap and pol is associated with a polar loss of locule development, loss of synchronous locule development and clumping of sporogenous tissue away from the tapetal cell layer, as well as secondary effects on petal and bud formation. In nap CMS, early accumulation of orf222 transcripts in the locule regions of developing anthers is associated with sterility, while the absence of orf222 transcripts from the locules is associated with fertility restoration. Accumulation of novel antisense transcripts of atp6 in a cell specific manner which matches that of sense transcripts of orf222 and atp6 in nap CMS anthers may be indicative of a post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism associated with CMS in flower buds.
Restoration of fertility in Brassica napus nap and pol CMS is associated with nuclearly encoded genes Rfn and Rfp, respectively. These restorers are very closely linked to one another, and may be allelic. Further efforts to isolate Rfp have narrowed the genomic region to approximately 105 kb of a syntenic region in Arabidopsis thaliana. Cosmid clones isolated from a library of Brassica rapa genomic DNA introgressed with Rfp have been successfully sorted into contigs through the application of the amplified fragment length polymorphism technique. The region to which Rfp is mapped is syntenic to a region of Arabidopsis DNA that is a duplication of a second location at the 23 megabase region of chromosome 1 of that genome. This region contains pentatricopeptide (PPR) motif-encoding genes that are highly related to other restorers of fertility of other species. By inference, Rfp from Brassica napus may encode PPR motifs. The PPR genes related to these previously characterized restorers of fertility are often found alongside the restorer genes existing as mini-clusters of several PPR-encoding genes. This is likely caused by selective pressure acting on PPR-encoding genes that resulted in diversification and multiplication of these genes. In addition, the PPR genes of this duplicated region are not syntenically located, whereas the non-PPR-encoding genes maintain their syntenic locations. The same is true for orthologous comparisons between Arabidopsis and other plant species. PPR genes are therefore malleable and capable of alteration in response to changing environmental pressures, such as the evolution of sterility inducing genes.
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26

Smith, Mary Louise. "Memory for spacial location and frequency of occurrence after frontal or temporal lobectomy in man". Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=72054.

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In Part I, recall of spatial location was studied in an incidental-learning situation, where patients with unilateral brain lesions, the amnesic patient, H. M., and normal control subjects were asked to estimate the prices of objects in an array. All patient groups could encode location normally, but patients with right temporal-lobe lesions that included extensive hippocampal removal showed abnormally rapid forgetting. For all groups, and for H. M., location-recall did not differ under automatic and under effortful encoding conditions. It is argued that these results point to the importance of hippocampal-ceocortical interactions in spatial memory. In Part II, patients with frontal-lobe lesions were shown to be impaired in judging the frequency with which words or designs occurred in a list. With words, the deficits were demonstrable for both examiner-provided and self-generated stimuli. This impairment may be attributable either to a disorderly search process or to a deficit in cognitive estimation, or both.
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27

Tzelepis, Dimitrios. "Protection, fault location & control in high voltage multi terminal direct current (HV-MTDC) grids". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2017. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28877.

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With an increased penetration of renewable energy sources, balancing the supply and demand is likely to be one of the major challenges in future power systems. Consequently, there is a growing need for meshed interconnections between countries in order to effectively share the available power capacity and thereby increase operational exibility and security of supply. This has been raised as a major issue in Europe but also in Asia and United States of America. The concept of supergrid has been identifed as a possible solution towards a newback bone transmission system, permitting massive integration of renewable energy sources. High voltage direct current (HVDC) links, utilising voltage-source converters (VSCs),are expected to become the preferred technology for the realisation of such a supergrid. This is due to the fact that such systems offer improvements in terms of system stability, lower cost and operational losses. A natural extension of the existing point-to-point HVDC transmission technology is a multi-terminal direct-current (MTDC) system which utilises more than two VSC stations, effectively forming a DC grid. Such a configuration can provide further technological and economical advantages and hence accelerate the realisation of a supergrid. However, technical limitations still exist, and it is not yet a straightforward task to construct and operate an MTDC grid, as several outstanding issues need to be solved. Consequently, it is essential to study, analyse and address potential challenges imposed by MTDC systems in order to enable widespread adoption. Even though numerous challenges are introduced for the practical implementation of MTDC networks, this thesis deals with the challenges related to the DC-side faults, which is the main issue when considering HVDC technology. DC-side faults in HVDC systems are characterised by large inrush currents caused by the discharge of trapped energy in the system capacitances, escalating over a very short period of time. These include lumped capacitors installed on the DC side of converters, transmission line capacitances, and also the sub-module capacitors contained within modular multi-level converters. When faults occur in multi-terminal HVDC grids, the DC protection system is expected to minimise the detrimental effects by disconnecting only the faulted section while permitting the remaining healthy part of the grid to continue normal operation. Such requirements introduce the need for transient DC fault characterisation and subsequent development of a discriminative, fast, sensitive and reliable DC protection method. Therefore, one of the main objectives of this thesis is to provide demonstrable solutions to the key challenges involved in protecting MTDC grids, and hence enabling the realisation of HVDC-based supergrids. Two alternative, novel protection schemes are proposed, designed and assessed with the aid of transient simulation. The key advantages of the proposed schemes consist in enhanced reliability, fast fault detection, superior stability, and high level of selectivity. To further validate the practical feasibility of the schemes, small-scale laboratory prototypes have been developed to test the performance of the schemes under real-time fault conditions. It should be also highlighted that when a permanent fault occurs in an HVDC transmission system, accurate estimation of its location is of major importance in order to accelerate restoration, reduce the system down-time, minimise repair cost, and hence, increase the overall availability and reliability of HVDC grids. As such, another contribution of this thesis is related to the challenges involved in accurate fault location in HVDC networks, including non-homogeneous transmission media (i.e. the lines which include multiple segments of both underground cables and overhead lines). Two novel fault location methods have been developed and systematically assessed. It is demonstrated that the schemes can reliably identify the faulted segment of the line while consistently maintaining high accuracy of fault location across a wide range of fault scenarios. Further sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the proposed schemes are robust against noisy inputs. In its concluding section, the thesis also outlines a few possible avenues of further research in this area.
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28

Taylor, Rowan. "Scalar / contaminant source locating in turbulent flows". Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=117179.

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The ability to locate the source of a scalar/contaminant emitted in a turbulent flow – using as data the scalar's concentration measured within the resulting scalar plume and (optionally) the relative velocity of the fluid with respect to the searcher – is relevant to two quite distinct problems: i) the ability of animals to detect the scent of food or mating partners, and ii) the ability of authorities to locate a release (accidental, terrorist, or other) of a noxious (chemical, biological, or radioactive) substance. The majority of the relevant research in this area has been performed by biologists or roboticists, with little input from fluid dynamicists. Given that the vast majority of relevant flows are turbulent, the present work focuses on accurate and efficient scalar/contaminant source locating therein, by attempting to incorporate knowledge of turbulent flows. To this end, the scalar under consideration is temperature and it is emitted from a line source at the centreline of a fully developed, high-aspect-ratio, turbulent channel flow with a Reynolds number (Re) of 10,800. It is shown that an optimal search algorithm has to balance the trade-offs between explorative and exploitive search phases, since the information available to the searcher is inherently patchy and intermittent. Algorithms which use a root-mean-square (rms)-to-mean ratio of the scalar concentration as the primary search parameter are found to be superior in accuracy, speed, and robustness to noise in a one-dimensional search domain.It is furthermore shown that the maximum benefit of incorporating the physics of turbulent flows is achieved in a two- (or three-) dimensional search domain, and preliminary results indicate that an infotactic search algorithm using a five-parameter plume model for either the mean scalar concentration or rms fluctuation is expeditious and accurate.
La localisation de l'origine d'un contaminant/scalaire émis dans un écoulement turbulent – en utilisant la concentration mesurée du scalaire dans le panache et (facultativement) la vitesse du fluide relative au chercheur – se rapporte à deux problèmes distincts: i) la capacité des animaux à détecter le parfum de la nourriture ou des partenaires sexuels, et ii) la capacité des autorités à localiser un dégagement (accidentel, terroriste ou autre) d'une substance nocive (chimique, biologique ou radioactive). La majorité des travaux de recherche pertinents a été réalisée par des biologistes ou les roboticiens, avec peu d'apport des méchaniciens des fluides. Étant donné que la grande majorité des écoulements concernés sont turbulents, le présent travail se concentre sur la localisation précis et efficace de l'origine d'un scalaire, en intégrant les connaissances des écoulements turbulents. À cette fin, un scalaire (la température) est émis par une source linéaire au centre d'un écoulement en canal, pleinement développé, de grand rapport hauteur/largeur et avec un nombre de Reynolds (Re) de 10.800. Il est démontré que l'algorithme de recherche optimal doit atteindre un juste équilibre entre les phases de recherche exploratoires et exploiteuses, puisque les données à la disposition du chercheur sont intrinsèquement inégales et intermittentes. L'utilisation d'un rapport de l'écart type à la moyenne (rms) de la concentration du scalaire comme paramètre de recherche primaire donne des algorithmes de recherche supérieurs en termes de précision, vitesse et insensibilité au bruit en domaine de recherche unidimensionnel.L'avantage maximal de l'intégration de la physique des écoulements turbulents est réalisé dans un domaine de recherche à deux (ou trois) dimensions, et les résultats préliminaires indiquent qu'un algorithme de recherche infotactique à l'aide d'un modèle de panache à cinq paramètres (pour soit la concentration moyenne scalaire ou l'écart type est rapide et précis.
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29

Sullivan, Michael R. "Leak detection in gas transmission pipelines". Curtin University of Technology, School of Engineering, 2003. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=15189.

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This dissertation applies a commercial flow simulation software package together with common signal processing techniques to the task of accurately detecting leakage in a large commercial gas pipeline. The techniques developed significantly improved the ability to produce accurate, reliable and stable leak detection predictions for the gas transmission pipeline studied and can be applied generally to other pipelines as well. Recommendations for minimum pipeline requirements to implement successful leak detection are also detailed. There are several commercial software packages available that perform some form of leak detection via system modelling. However, due to the commercial aspects of these products, vendors do not publish the detailed methods of leak detection. This thesis identifies the fundamental techniques required to have accurate and reliable leak detection on a gas transmission pipeline, whilst taking into account the lack of measurement data typically encountered on most gas pipelines. The investigation confirmed that a mass balance technique could be successfully used to produce stable leak detection results for compressible flow in gas transmission pipelines. This leak detection [using mass balance] can be achieved without flow measurement along the pipeline, instead, using only pressure and temperature measurements. Although it is recognized that flow measurement data will greatly improve the ability to detect leaks, the focus of this work is on pipelines where this flow measurement data at intermediate points along the pipeline is not available. It was also demonstrated the reliability of the leak detection was improved by the application of on-line signal processing techniques at various stages of the data processing.
It was clear early into the investigation that the majority of the errors within the leak detection model were created by random errors from the input field data. These non-systematic errors from the measurement data that included pressure and temperature, produced interference with model output. This interference resembled random “white” noise that was removed by a combination of well established data filtering techniques. The most appropriate process of calculating leak detection flow was determined after analysing the results of different techniques applied to large quantities of actual pipeline operating data. The validation of the on-line techniques developed provides a valuable resource for those wishing to implement similar leak detection schemes elsewhere. Furthermore a software environment was chosen which incorporated an open input and output platform for data that could be interfaced with any operating system. Therefore these techniques can be applied to the numerous Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems in operation throughout the gas transmission industry, to provide a low cost solution to leak monitoring.
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30

Di, Domenico MariaLaura C. "'Lifestyle entrepreneurs' in the hospitality sector : guest house owner-occupiers". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2003. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21378.

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The research outlined in this thesis is a comparative investigation of the views and selfdefinitions of small-scale hospitality providers who operate their business concerns in two Scottish urban settings. It deals specifically with owner-occupied businesses. This characteristic serves to define a key focus of the research, in that it is essentially concerned with the small-scale guest house which functions as both a home and a business for its owner. In this thesis, the self-definitions and images of these proprietors are explored through the medium of the in-depth research interview, and consequently analysed from the resulting textual interview data. The nature of the research questions call for a qualitative research enquiry to provide the depth necessary to enable interpretations to be drawn which are emergent and grounded in the data. It adopts a phenomenologically-driven research perspective, using a symbolic interactionist conceptual framework upon which the methodology draws. This research is necessarily context-driven as, in order to understand fully the nature of this group, it is important to consider the context in which these proprietors operate. In this study, the two Scottish urban locations of Inverness and Dundee, as part of the wider Scottish tourism spectrum are taken as the contextual parameters of the research. Background research to this enquiry therefore pays necessary attention to the sociohistorical Scottish tourism setting, with specific focus on these locations. This functions as the contextual background against which the owner-occupiers of these small hospitality businesses must be placed. This also serves to provide an overall framework for the development of the theoretical perspectives and research methodologies which direct the research process.
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31

Dufour, Catherine Rosa. "ERR [alpha] and ERR [gamma] target gene identification by genome-wide : location analysis in the mouse heart". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97945.

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Transcriptional regulation by nuclear receptors is vital for a number of different biological processes such as cellular differentiation, embryo development and homeostasis. Recent studies on the roles of estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha) and gamma (ERRgamma) have demonstrated an important function of these orphan receptors in the control of cardiac energy metabolism. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-on-chip was optimized and then performed using chromatin from mouse hearts on a genome-wide basis to provide further insight into the roles of these ERRs in the heart. In this thesis, we report the identification of ERRalpha and ERRgamma direct target genes in cardiac tissue implicated in various processes such as apoptosis, transcriptional regulation, signal transduction, heart development, electron transport/oxidative metabolism, as well as lipid, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism. However, one important and unexpected outcome of the experiments was the significant number of ERR target genes associated with cardiac hypertrophy in humans.
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32

Felzensztein, Jiminez Christian Rodrigo. "The influences of geographical co-location and social networking in inter-firm cooperation in marketing : a cross country analysis". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2005. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21743.

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The role of regional clusters in the development and growth of firms has been a key research theme within the management and entrepreneurship literature over the past two decades. The main focus of this research has been to consider issues relating to economic externalities: economies of scale or scope and the effects of knowledge diffusion or, as Krugman (1991) defined them, knowledge spillovers. While the idea of firm-level marketing externalities has been mooted as a potential benefit arising from geographic agglomeration (Bell and Brown, 2001), there has been, as yet, little research undertaken which can support such claims. This thesis investigates the benefits from regional industry clusters by exploring the role of geographic co-location and the influence of social networks in the development of firm-level marketing externalities. Specifically, the following research propositions were examined: Proposition 1: Social networking has a greater influence than geographic pro ximity in facilitating inter-firm cooperation in marketing activities. Proposition 2: The social elements of networking are positively correlated to the development of inter-firm cooperation in marketing activities. Proposition 3: Compared to formal relationships, informal networks are positively correlated with the development of inter-firm cooperation in marketing activities. Proposition 4: Multinational Enterprises positively influence the development of inter-firm co-operation in marketing activities within regional clusters. Proposition 5: Countries and regions in which there is a high level of social collectivism will demonstrate higher levels of inter-firm cooperation in marketing activities. Data for this thesis was collected in two main stages. Stage one entailed semistructured personal interviews (during July 2003 and January 2004), based on a purposive sample of twenty-two companies in two regions in Scotland (Northwest Scotland and Shetland Isles) and two regions in Chile (IX and X regions). The firms were drawn from a single industry, salmon farming, a sector that makes substantial contribution to the remote rural and regional economies of both Scotland and Chile. Stage two involved a postal questionairre survey and follow-up process during 2004, to the total population of companies (N=229) involved in the main value chain activities of this industry in the two participant counties. The results reveal that `close proximity' is not a key issue for the development of inter-firm cooperation in marketing. Co-location is, however, beneficial for the development of `social glue' (Porter, 1998), building trust among entrepreneurs within the specific industry and building a common knowledge base and culture. Close proximity also enhances face-to-face communication, helping the development of relational ties that are special for inter-firm interactions. In addition, co-location is generally perceived to be useful for sharing general ideas with other people, rather than for sharing strategic information. The results also suggest that elements of networking are important for inter-firm cooperation. They highlight the potential role of `communication and social networks' (Szarka, 1990; Johannisson, 1995; Mackinnonn et al., 2004) as well as `extra local networks' (Mackinnon et al., 2004) as relevant in providing information to firms in local and regional clusters. Thus, the concept of `proximity' needs to be considered as being not only spatial but also social, assuming organisational and relational forms in which firms and entrepreneurs relate to each other. The evidence also emphasizes the use of electronic communication as a mechanism to facilitate inter-firm collaboration with partners irrespective of location, being an effective means of transmitting technical knowledge including marketing information. The marketing collaboration process apears to be led by small innovative companies. As smaller companies increase in size and stronger competition for similar markets and customers becomes an increasingly important factor, the creation of individualistic-competitive strategies becomes the norm. Multinational companies were not found to influence marketing collaboration activities. Inter-firm cooperation in marketing activities is not only affected by company size or company structure. Both the general business culture of the country and the `special' characteristics of specific regions within countries affect cooperative behaviour. In the Shetland Isles, for example, the local culture appeared to emphasize more cohesive - collectivistic behaviour, an embedded part of the `local industrial atmosphere' (Marshall, 1919), creating a special environment which manifested a complex mix of cooperation and competition within the industry.
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33

Hayduk, Steven J. "The effect of strategic influences on orienting visual attention to spatial locations : a developmental perspective". Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37529.

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Attentional orienting involves two neuroanatomically and functionally separate components, the reflexive and voluntary attentional sub-systems, which interact to orient attention on the environment. Three experiments, in which a cueing paradigm was used, examined reflexive and voluntary orienting over later childhood development (i.e., 8--14 years old) in order to explore the mechanisms underlying the development of the control of attentional orienting. Experiments 1 and 2 explored whether reflexive and voluntary orienting develop in parallel, and examined the influence of cue predictability on attentional orienting during development. Experiment 3 explored the role of explicit instructions in the influence of cue predictability on voluntary and reflexive orienting. The results indicate that the development of attentional orienting over later childhood is a reflection of the operation of an underlying mechanism, general developmental changes in speed of processing. Apart from this mechanism, the efficiency of attentional orienting remains the same across age. In addition, the influence of cue predictability on attentional orienting reflects the operation of a low-level mechanism which operates independently of strategic influences; this mechanism may be covariance detection and judgment. The implications of these conclusions for modeling attentional orienting, and the development thereof, are considered.
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34

Aburub, Ala Sami. "Visuomotor control of locomotor steering in stroke: effects of differing optic flows and goal locations". Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114548.

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Persons with stroke face difficulties in walking that are characterized by a slow speed and difficulties adapting the walking pattern to contextual demands. Changing the direction of walking (steering) can be challenging, especially when exposed to complex visual information. It was previously demonstrated that persons with stroke display altered steering behaviors when exposed to changing optic flows. Whether these alterations persist in goal-directed walking and whether they can be explained by the presence of a perceptuo-motor disorder remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare stroke patients and healthy individuals on their ability to steer towards different targets while exposed to changing optic flows. Ten participants with stroke (55.6±9.3yrs) and ten healthy controls (57.0±11.5yrs) participated in a mouse-driven steering task (perceptuo-motor task) while seated and a walking steering task. In the sitting task, participants were instructed to head or 'walk' toward a target in the virtual environment by using a mouse while wearing a helmet-mounted display (HMD). In the walking task, participants performed a similar steering task in the same virtual environment while walking overground at their comfortable speed (stroke) or slow speed (healthy). For both experiments, the target and/or the focus of expansion (FOE) of the optic flow shifted to the side (±20˚) or remained centered. Mediolateral displacement (MLD), horizontal head orientation, net heading errors (NHEs), as well as onsets of heading and head rotation were measured and compared across conditions and groups using repeated measure ANOVAs. In the walking steering task, the presence of FOE shifts modulated the extent and timing of MLD and head rotation changes, as well as NHE magnitudes. Participants overshot and undershot their net heading, respectively, in response to ipsilateral and contralateral FOE and target shifts. Stroke participants made larger NHEs, especially when the FOE was shifted towards the non-paretic side. In the sitting steering task, similar NHEs were observed between stroke and healthy participants. The findings highlight the fine coordination between rotational and translational steering mechanisms in presence of targets and FOE shifts. The altered performance of stroke participants in walking but not in the sitting steering task suggests that an altered perceptuo-motor processing of optic flow is not a main contributing factor and that other stroke-related sensorimotor deficits are involved. It cannot be excluded, however, that perceptuo-motor abilities may be further compromised while walking, as resources are directed towards priority sub-tasks (e.g. balance, forward progression).
Les personnes ayant subi un accident vasculaire cérébral (AVC) éprouvent des problèmes de marche qui sont caractérisés par une vitesse lente et une capacité réduite à s'adapter aux exigences de l'environnement. Changer la direction de la marche peut être difficile, surtout lorsqu'exposé à des informations visuelles complexes. Il a été démontré auparavant que les personnes ayant subi un AVC présentent des altérations de leur capacité à changer de direction pendant la marche en réponse à des changements de flux optique. Le but de cette étude était de comparer des personnes ayant subi un AVC et des personnes en bonne santé quant à leur habileté à se diriger vers différentes cibles lorsque exposées à des changements de flux optique. Méthodologie: Dix personnes avec AVC (55.6 ± 9.3 ans) et dix personnes en santé (57.0 ± 11.5 ans) ont participé à une tâche de pilotage en position assise à l'aide d'une souris d'ordinateur (tâche perceptuo-motrice) et à une tâche de pilotage locomotrice. Lors de la tâche de pilotage en position assise, les participants ont reçu pour instruction de se diriger vers une cible dans un environnement virtuel visualisé à travers le casque de réalité virtuelle et ce, à l'aide d'une souris d'ordinateur. Lors de la tâche de pilotage locomotrice, les participants ont exécuté une tâche similaire dans le même environnement mais cette fois-ci, en marchant au sol à vitesse confortable (personnes avec AVC) ou à vitesse lente (personnes saines). Pour les deux tâches, la localisation de la cible et/ou du focus d'expansion du flux optique se déplaçait (ent) vers le coté (±20˚) ou demeurait (ent) centrée (s). Les déplacements médio latéraux (DML), l'orientation horizontale de la tête, l'erreur nette de trajectoire (ENT), de même que l'initiation des changements de trajectoire et de rotation de la tête, ont été mesurés et comparés à travers les conditions et les groupes à l'aide d'analyses de variance à mesures répétées. Lors de la tâche locomotrice de pilotage, la présence de changements de focus d'expansion a influencé la magnitude et l'initiation des changements de DML et de rotations de la tête, de même que la magnitude des ENT. Les participants ont surestimé et sous-estimé leur trajectoire nette, respectivement, en réponse à des déplacements ipsilateraux et contralatéraux du focus d'expansion et de la cible. Les participants avec un AVC ont fait de plus grandes ENT, surtout lorsque le focus d'expansion était déplacé du côté non-parétique. Lors de la tâche de pilotage en position assise, des ENT similaires ont été observées chez les sujets avec AVC et les sujets sains. Les résultats mettent en évidence la fine coordination existant entre les mécanismes de pilotages en translation et en rotation lors de déplacements de cible et changements de direction du flux optique. La performance altérée des participants avec un AVC pendant la tâche de pilotage locomotrice, mais non pendant la tâche de pilotage en position assise, suggère qu'une altération du traitement perceptuo-moteur des informations de flux optique n'est pas en cause et que d'autres déficits sensori-moteurs attribuables à l'AVC sont impliqués. Il ne peut être exclu, cependant, que les habiletés perceptuo-motrices aient pu être d'autant plus compromises pendant la marche, alors que les ressources sont dirigées vers l'accomplissement d'autres sous-tâches prioritaires (ex : équilibre, progression vers l'avant).
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35

Portelance, Carole F. (Carole Françoise). "Variations in the forage quality of Timothy (Phleum pratense L.) grown at four locations of differing latitude". Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69545.

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Timothy (Phleum pratense L.) was elevated in 1988 and 1989 at four locations of differing latitude in southern and northern Quebec and northeastern Ontario to determine whether latitude influences nutritional quality. Three cultivars of timothy (Salvo, Champ and Bounty) were evaluated at various growth stages. The following quality components were examined: neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), hemicellulose (HEM), crude protein (CP), and in vitro dry matter digestibility. Differences in quality among the locations were measured for the growth stages that were common to all sites. The rate of change in quality with advancing phenological development was also examined to determine differences among locations. The results indicated that there were significant differences in quality among the locations. Although quality was not consistently better for either the northern or southern locations, it showed a tendency to be superior at the southern locations. Locations with the highest dry matter yields were also observed to have inferior forage quality. The rate of change in quality at the locations was not homogeneous for the majority of the quality components. At the northern locations, the rate of change in quality was generally greater than the southern sites. The rate of change in forage quality with growing degree-days was, in general, greater at the northern locations. Furthermore, timothy at the northern locations reached the same level of a given quality component at a lower accumulation of growing degree-days than at the southern locations.
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36

Girouard, Pierre. "Un système expert pour la gestion en temps réel des alarmes dans un réseau électrique /". Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63940.

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37

Ezani, Nor Eliani Binti. "Development of novel methods for extended exposure assessment of combustion-related air pollutants in indoor and outdoor locations". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2017. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28809.

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Background & Aims: There is on-going and growing concern regarding acute and chronic human health effects associated with exposure to combustion-related air pollutants. This thesis describes the development and evaluation of novel methods for assessing exposure to combustion-related air pollutants [particulate matter (PM),black carbon (BC) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)] in indoor and outdoor environments. Methods: The methods that were developed and evaluated included: mass and darkness/colour analysis of airborne particle samples; passive samplers; portable real time monitors; and GC-MS analysis of particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pPAHs). These methods were used to measure PM, BC and NO₂ in indoor offices and outdoor streets in Glasgow city centre, and an industrial hydraulic fracturing test site in Poland. Results: Detailed evaluation and calibration of novel methods for darkness measurement of low mass particulate material specimens collected on filters were completed to allow subsequent application in BC exposure estimation. Similarly,detailed evaluation allowed the refinement of procedures for field calibration of portable real-time monitors for BC, NO₂ and O₃. Indoor concentrations of PM, BC and NO₂ measured using the calibrated monitoring instruments were influenced by outdoor sources through natural ventilation and the proximity of buildings to urban roadsides. Outdoor measurements at 2 heights indicated that children are likely to experience higher exposures to combustion-related air pollutants from vehicle emissions. Marked elevations of BC and NO₂ concentrations were observed in downwind proximity to industrial fracking equipment sources, where average BC and NO₂ concentrations (11.2 & 111.3 μg/m³) were 2 to 3 times higher than average BC and NO₂ exposures experienced while walking in Glasgow city centre (3.7 & 42.3 μg/m³).Conclusions: Novel exposure science and environmental engineering approaches were developed to allow improved characterisation of short-term to medium-term personal and environmental exposures to combustion-related air pollutants in a wide range of occupational and environmental settings.
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38

Cahill, James 1969. "Locating the sacred body in time : a study in hagiography and historical identity". Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28043.

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Hagiography occupies a central place in the history of European culture, and yet despite this centrality, its reception as a significant cultural achievement has at times been undermined by a narrow critical hermeneutic, one that focuses largely on the debilitating flaws of the genre. The goal of this critical practice can be described as at once diagnostic and prescriptive, as scholars attempt to rid the canon of specious documents through rigorous textual and contextual analyses. It is my contention, however, that this critical winnowing, rather than rescuing some hagiographic documents from disrepute, is in fact limited by its failure to adequately account for the medieval concern for representation as a re-presencing of the self within language. Understood through the criteria of contemporary biography, saints' lives are easily read as naive caricatures of holiness, archetypes of faith fitted crudely into human form. Instead, the notion of singular identity should be understood as a focal point for hagiography, one that presupposes important theological, and specifically incarnational, underpinnings. An exploration along these lines will reveal what I believe to be an important function of medieval hagiography; namely, to serve as textual bridges joining the sacred and corporeal realms in coincident moments of human transcendence and divine immanence.
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39

Inagaki, Shunji. "Transfer and learnability in second language argument structure : motion verbs with locationaldirectional PPs in L2 English and Japanese". Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38492.

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This thesis investigates how the outcomes of the acquisition of second language (L2) argument structure will vary depending on the nature of the learner's first language (L1). The focus is on motion verbs appearing with a prepositional/postpositional phrase that expresses the final endpoint of the motion (goal PP). In English, manner-of-motion verbs (e.g., walk ) and directed motion verbs (e.g., go) can appear with a goal PP as in John walked (went ) to school. In contrast, Japanese allows only directed motion verbs to occur with a goal PP. Thus, Japanese motion verbs with goal PPs form a subset of their English counterparts. I propose an analysis of these crosslinguistic differences in terms of different incorporation patterns in lexical-syntax (Hale & Keyser, 1993). L1 transfer and learnability considerations (White, 1991b), then, lead me to hypothesize that Japanese-speaking learners of English will be able to acquire the L2 representation on the basis of positive evidence, but that English-speaking learners of Japanese will have difficulty acquiring the L2 representation due to the lack of positive data motivating the restructuring of the L1 representation to the L2. A series of experiments tested these hypotheses using grammaticality judgment and picture-matching tasks. Results in general supported this prediction, suggesting that whether the L1 constitutes a subset of the L2 or vice versa indeed affects the outcomes of L2 argument structure. The results indicate full involvement of L1 and UG in L2 acquisition, thus supporting the Full-Transfer/Full-Access model of L2 acquisition (Schwartz & Sprouse, 1994).
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40

Sornberger, Michael. "Non-suicidal self-injury and gender: patterns of prevalence, methods, and locations among female and male adolescents and young adults". Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95216.

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Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is the deliberate, self-inflicted destruction of body tissue without conscious suicidal intent, for purposes not socially sanctioned. Community-based research estimates that 13 to 23% of adolescents and 4 to 47% of young adults have engaged in NSSI at least once. Little is known about gender's role in this behaviour. The current study investigated gender differences in prevalence, method, and location of NSSI in two samples: adolescents and young adults. Results indicate a pattern of differences between females and males which was only partially consistent across two age samples, which suggests possible developmental differences. Implications for researchers studying NSSI and school psychologists working with clients at risk for NSSI are discussed.
L'automutilation non suicidaire (AMNS) est la destruction délibéré et immédiate du tissue corporel sans intention suicidaire, et pour des raisons non sanctionnée par la société. La recherche indique qu'entre 13 et 23% des adolescents et entre 4 et 47% des jeunes adultes ont pratiqué l'AMNS au moins une fois dans leur vie, mais le rôle du sexe dans ce comportement continue d'être incertain. Cette étude a évalué les différences dans la prévalence, les méthodes, et les lieux de mutilation entre les sexes dans deux échantillons: des adolescents et de jeunes adultes. Les résultats indiquent un schéma de différences entre les femelles et mâles qui n'est que partiellement constant entre les deux échantillons. Ceci pourrait suggérer des différences de développement. Des implications pour la recherche dans le domaine de l'AMNS, de même que pour les psychologues scolaires travaillant avec des clients à risque d'AMNS sont discutées.
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41

Trigger, Rosalyn. "God's mobile mansions : Protestant church relocation and extension in Montreal, 1850-1914". Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85210.

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Extensive church building programmes and the relocation of existing churches were important features of Protestant congregational life in industrializing cities across Britain and North America. In Montreal, building booms in the 1860s, 70s, and 80s led many congregations to abandon their old churches in the centre of the city and rebuild on a grander scale 'uptown', closer to the residential neighbourhoods to which their wealthier members were moving. In the early twentieth century, when a new phase of growth engulfed the city, many of the same congregations again faced the dilemma of whether or not to move. Whereas the earlier period was characterized by a strong evangelical consensus, the subsequent period was associated with wider-ranging theological and social debates: the context of decision-making had changed.
For each period, I explore the impact of building decisions on 'domestic' ministries to church members and on the 'public' ministries that congregations carried out in the environs of their churches and in working-class neighbourhoods. In doing so, I draw on a variety of methodological approaches and on local sources that have not previously been synthesized. A database containing temporal and spatial information for every Protestant church built in Montreal between 1760 and 1914 was also constructed for this project. Case studies of six 'uptown' congregations, and of a downtown neighbourhood that was a popular mission field, are carried out. Investigation of documentary sources such as church minute books and correspondence is complemented by cartographic and sociological analyses of church membership using city directories, tax rolls, censuses, and the recently completed Montreal l'Avenir du Passe historical geo-database. A systematic sampling of local newspapers and denominational records brings to life the many congregational controversies and dilemmas that spilled over into the public sphere during a time of dramatic urban, social, and theological change.
A range of external factors, both material and spiritual, affected the choices that were made. I show how investment in religious edifices during the original phase of church moves, as well as the heightened social exclusivity that these moves generated, made it more challenging for the next generation to adapt their religious institutions to the needs of the twentieth-century city. Congregations simultaneously had to deal with a number of ongoing tensions: the logic of institutional maintenance versus the logic of mission, competition versus cooperation amongst Protestant institutions, and the dynamic between capitalist materialism and Christianity. Unless these tensions were skilfully negotiated by church leaders, they threatened to destroy either the viability or the integrity of religious institutions.
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42

Robbins, Marjorie. "The location of Tu on the genetic map of Lactuca sativa and the identification of random amplified polymorphic DNA markers flanking and tightly linked to Tu /". Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69684.

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In Lactuca sativa, the dominant gene Tu confers resistance to infection by turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). Tu and Dm5/8, a gene for resistance to Bremia lactucae, are linked in L. sativa. The area surrounding Dm5/8 on the genetic map of L. sativa contains restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The orientation of Tu relative to Dm5/8 was not known. Locating Tu would indicate which markers are on the map of lettuce close to Tu. To locate Tu on the L. sativa genetic map, F$ sb3$ families from recombinant F$ sb2$ in the Dm5/8 area of a cross between TuMV-resistant (Cobbham Green) and susceptible (Calmar) cultivars were inoculated with TuMV and phenotyped for Tu by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Polyclonal antibodies for immunodetection were produced using turnip mosaic virus coat protein expressed in E. coli. Phenotypic ratios within F$ sb3$ families were used to determine individual F$ sb2$ genotypes for Tu. With these genotypes, Tu was located on the genetic map of L. sativa relative to data present for Dm5/8 and surrounding markers, between OPM18 and OPY13. Using bulked segregant analysis, bulks created for the Dm5/8 locus were screened for genetic polymorphisms by the RAPD technique. Five new RAPD markers, UBC346, UBC517, UBC563, UBC599, and UBC675 were found linked to Tu after mapping relative to F$ sb2$ genotypes for Tu and other RAPD markers. The resulting three-point mapping information indicates that Tu is flanked by two markers, OPM18/OPL08 and UBC346, at respective genetic distances of 0.4 and 0.7 cM.
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43

Nikkuni, Flavio. "Caractérisation du vieillissement de nanoparticules de Pt/C ou PtCo/C. Effets des modifications morphologiques et de composition sur l'électrocatalyse de la réaction de réduction de l'oxygène". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00961782.

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Ce travail de thèse a concerné l'étude du comportement de nanoparticules d'électrocatalyseurs à base de Pt et Co déposées sur carbone de grande aire développée (Pt/C, PtCo/C et Pt3Co/C) en conditions représentative d'un fonctionnement à la cathode d'une pile à combustible à membrane échangeuse de protons. Dans une première phase, des électrodes modèles de ces matériaux ont été préparées sur des embouts de carbone vitreux compatibles avec une utilisation en montage d'électrode à disque tournant en milieu acide sulfurique, pour étudier l'évolution des performances électrochimiques (adsorption/désorption de l'hydrogène, Hupd, électrooxydation d'une monocouche de CO adsorbée à la surface du catalyseur : " CO-stripping ", cinétique d'électroréduction de l'oxygène) après cyclage accéléré de potentiel (0,1 à 0,9 V vs. RHE et 0,6 à 0,9 V vs. RHE par créneaux d'une minute à chaque potentiel). Ces mesures électrochimiques ont été complétées par des observations statistiques par microscopie électronique en transmission (TEM) et fluorescence X (X-EDS) avant/après ces vieillissements sur des prélèvements représentatifs des couches actives. Les résultats montrent que le cobalt est irréversiblement oxydé/dissous des alliages Pt-Co et que la maturation d'Ostwald advient (pour le Pt) spécialement lorsque la borne inférieure de potentiel est fixée à 0,1 V vs. RHE. Ces mesures statistiques ont été confirmées par des expériences de MET en localisation identique (ILTEM), dans lesquelles les mêmes nanoparticules sont physiquement observées avant/après électrochimie réalisée sur la grille de microscopie[1]. Dans un second temps, des vieillissements identiques ont été mis en œuvre sur les mêmes matériaux électrocatalytiques en électrolyte polymère (Nafion), plus représentatif des conditions PEMFC, par utilisation d'une ultramicroélectrode à cavité et d'une " cellule sèche " dans laquelle le seul électrolyte est le Nafion (il n'y a donc pas d'électrolyte liquide). Dans ces conditions, plus proches des conditions réelles de fonctionnement d'une PEMFC, les mécanismes de dégradations sont différents de ceux observés en présence (d'excès) d'électrolyte liquide, parce que (entre autre), les ions Pt2+ formés à haut potentiel sont piégés dans le ionomère et donc plus faciles à redéposer sur les nanoparticules restantes. Le changement de morphologie (et composition) des nanoparticules de Pt/C (et Pt-Co/C) n'est donc pas identique en milieu H2SO4 et en milieu Nafion, ce qui montre que les tests réalisés en condition de laboratoire (en électrolyte liquide) ne sont pas forcément représentatifs de ce qui advient en PEMFC. Par extension, cette cellule sèche a été mise en œuvre pour mesurer les propriétés électrocatalytiques des différents électrocatalyseurs et, une fois encore, le milieu électrolyte liquide ne rend pas compte des performances observées en milieu " polymère ". Ces mesures ont été complétées par des observations statistiques en MET. Enfin, et il s'agit d'une innovation conséquente propre à ce travail, la méthode ILTEM a été employée pour des grilles de microscopie (supportant les électrocatalyseurs) n'ayant été utilisées qu'en interface avec un électrolyte polymère. Cela a permis de confirmer de manière quantitative et sur les mêmes grains de carbone / nanoparticules de Pt (ou Pt-Co) que les dégradations observées en milieu électrolyte liquide ne rendent pas compte de celles advenant en milieu polymère, la présence d'eau liquide jouant un rôle déterminant dans le premier cas (dissolution des espèces Pt2+/Co2+, oxydation du carbone, etc.).
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44

Vogl, Anthea. "Anywhere but here: locating the border and narrating asylum seekers under Australia's policy of territorial excision". Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97269.

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This thesis argues that the securitization of migration is a discourse that has gained a near monopoly over how the physical spaces of the territorial border are imagined and how the border itself is understood as a site of exclusion and control. Narratives about who undocumented people are and why they arrive at the border play a central role in justifying the anxious regulation of the border and migration as a national security issue. Taking Australia's policy of territorial excision as a representative instance of border policy that is dictated and defined by the securitization of migration, this thesis traces the various and over-determined narratives of the territorial border and the undocumented person that were articulated in the parliamentary debates surrounding this policy. It argues against securitization's constructions of these subjects, to show that neither the border nor the undocumented migrant exist independently of the narratives that constitute them. These narratives work not only to justify the exclusion of undocumented people at the border as sensible and legitimate, but also actively obscure and discredit other ways of imagining people who arrive at the border, as well as the functions and spaces of territorial borders.
Ce mémoire soutient que la sécurisation de la migration est un discours qui a obtenu le quasi-monopole sur la manière de percevoir l'espace physique des frontières territoriales ainsi que la compréhension de la frontière elle-même en tant que site d'exclusion et de contrôle. Les narrations portant sur l'identité des sans-papiers et les raisons qu'ils peuvent avoir d'arriver à la frontière jouent un rôle central pour justifier le fait que la réglementation de la frontière et de la migration est une question de sécurité nationale.Prenant la politique australienne d'excision territoriale comme exemple de politique frontalière dictée et définie par la sécurisation de la migration, ce mémoire analyse les discours divers et passionnés sur la frontière territoriale et les sans-papiers qui ont été articulés dans les débats parlementaires ayant eu lieu autour de la formation de cette politique. Elle plaide contre les constructions de sécurisation de ces sujets démontrant que ni la frontière, ni le migrant sans-papier n'existe indépendamment des discours qui les constituent. Ces discours non seulement œuvrent à la justification de l'exclusion des sans-papiers à la frontière comme étant sensée et légitime, mais de plus ils masquent et discréditent les autres manières de percevoir les gens qui arrivent à la frontière ainsi que les fonctions et les espaces des frontières territoriales.
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45

Sulzbach-Beyerling, Carla. "From here to eternity and back: locating sacred spaces and temple imagery in the Book of Daniel". Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86680.

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This dissertation offers a reading of sacred spaces and temple imagery in the Book of Daniel using critical spatial theory. It is argued that the idea of sacred space is, in fact, one of the main concerns in Daniel and forms a running theme within the narrative. Because the allusions are often vague and buried deep within the individual stories a methodology has been chosen that foregrounds the notion of the spatial. Unlike other methodologies used to define sacred space, this approach is pre-eminently equipped to perform a depth analysis of the text. Although some elements from older models are incorporated, these have been reformulated and reconfigured into a new context, which goes beyond the traditional binary model that sharply and uncompromisingly juxtaposes the sacred and the profane. Critical spatial theory adds to the traditional historical and societal vantage points the spatial view, creating a trialectic which, rather than ending up with mutually exclusive opposites, results in an integrated system able to expose the sub-narrative underlying the actual text. Thus, the concepts of 'exile', 'kingdom', and 'dreamscape' that are usually understood in a more temporal and abstract sense are now studied as primarily spatial phenomena and brought into each other's orbit. Therefore, by adding the spatial component, new insights will be gained that show how the narrative past and future bear on what are the true present concerns 'on the ground' for those who produced the text. Furthermore, it correlates the concrete and abstract realms that are described in the text and it exposes the various power relations they contain. The notion that space is socially produced, and consequently defined through the ways it is acted upon, thought about, and moved in, is one of the key concepts of critical spatial theory.
The point of departure for the argumentation in this study is the consensus view that although the finished text is a product of the mid-second century BCE, especially the court tales contain older materials that may go back to the late Persian or early Hellenistic Period. The proposed spatial analysis will be applied on three levels. The first is the world that forms Daniel's narrative frame, i.e., that of the Exile, because this was obviously meaningful to the editors. In doing so, full notice will be taken of the ancient Near Eastern realia that made up the world that is described. This is followed by the implied world of the Hellenistic era especially in Judea, which directly concerned the editors of the text. This, then, brings us to the world that remains wholly within the narrative, namely the alternate realities of the heavenly realm and dream worlds, which contain the hopes and ideals of those responsible for the text. In conclusion it will be assessed what effect these three worlds have on each other and how this relationship may contribute, in the minds of the Daniel group, to producing a fully restored world in which the human and divine both have their fixed places and space.
Cette dissertation offre une interprétation de l'espace sacré et les images du temple dans le Livre de Daniel, en utilisant la théorie critique d'espace. C'est affirmé que l'idée de l'espace sacré est une des préoccupations centrales de Daniel, un thème qui existe à travers la narration. Puisque les allusions sont souvent imprécises et sont bien cachées dans les histoires individuelles, une méthode a été choisie qui souligne l'idée de l'espace. Contrairement aux autres méthodes utilisées pour définir l'espace sacré, cette approche est particulièrement bien equipée pour une analyse dans les moindres détails du texte. Bien que quelques éléments sont incorporés des modèles plus anciens, ils ont été reformulés et reconfigurés dans un contexte nouveau, qui transcend le modèle traditionnel binaire dans lequel le sacré et le profane sont juxtaposés nettement puis d'une manière intransigeante. La théorie critique d'espace rajoute un point de vue spatial aux points de vue historiques et sociétaux traditionnels, créant une trialectique qui, au lieu de finir par les contraires qui s'excluent mutuellement, a pour resultat un système intègre, capable de révéler la sous-narration à la base du texte. Ainsi, les concepts d' « exil, » de « royaume, » et de « scène a l'intérieur du rêve »—normalement compris dans un sens plus temporel et abstrait—sont ici compris essentiellement comme phénomènes spatiaux et se sont rapprochés. Donc, l'ajout de l'élément spatial amène un regard neuf, où le passé et le futur narratif atteignent les vrais soucis présents pour ceux qui ont produit le texte. De plus, il fait une corrélation entre les champs concrets et abstraits décrits dans le texte, en exposant leurs dynamiques de pouvoir. La notion que l'espace se construit socialement—et donc est défini par les manières par lesquelles il est influencé, considéré, et utilisé—est un des concepts clés de la théorie critique
Le point de départ de l'argumentation de cette étude est l'accord général que même si le texte final est un produit du milieu du deuxième siècle avant JC, les récits de la cour contiennent des données plus anciennes qui pourraient dater de l'époche Perse ou bien de la première époche hellénistique. L'analyse spatiale proposée va être appliquée à trois niveaux. Le premier, c'est le monde qui comprend la structure de la narration de Daniel, i.e., celle de l'exil, car c'était évidemment significatif aux rédacteurs. De cette façon, l'attention sera faite aux artéfacts Proche-Orientaux Anciens qui formaient le monde décrit. Ceci est suivi par le monde implicite de l'époche hellénistique, surtout en Judée, question des rédacteurs du texte. Ensuite, nous sommes rendus au monde qui reste entièrement dans le récit, c'est à dire les réalités alternatives du royaume des cieux et le monde des rêves, qui contiennent les espoirs et les idéaux de ceux qui étaient derrière le texte. En conclusion, nous allons évaluer quel est l'effet de ces trois mondes les uns sur les autres, et comment cela pourra concourir à—dans les têtes du groupe Daniel—produire un monde complètement régénéré, dans lequel l'humain et le divin ont, tous les deux, leurs espaces fixes.
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Nkwogu, Uche Obisike. "Locational and structural potential model for development planning of urban market places : case study of Kaduna city market places". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1986. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23789.

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The thesis focuses attention on the unbalanced demand and supply of activity spaces in urban market places, resulting in the congestion of people and vehicles in selected Nigerian market places. A review of existing approaches to retail analyses shows that none offer a sufficient explanation of this phenomenon in a manner that can be useful for planning purposes. This is because, (i) None of these approaches contains explicit inclusion of time in its structure, and (ii) They are designed to predict what is likely to happen as a result of some assumptions, and not the possible range of performance in relation to defined locational and structural potential of the urban market places. A new approach to retail study, which includes the above two factors, is then proposed on these assumptions: (1) That there is strong hierarchical relationship between any pair of demand and supply of activity spaces, (a) for food shopping; (b) for non-food shopping, in an urban market place; (2) That there is strong multiple causal relationship between the growth rate of any demand or supply of activity space, and the locational and structural potential in the urban market place. Case study materials from Kaduna city market places are used to calibrate the equations arising from the propositions 1 (a & b), and 2. The relationships were found to be strong. Examination of the calibrated hierarchical and causal relationships revealed unbalanced distribution, and disproportionate growth rates, of the demand and supply of activity spaces in Kaduna city market places. Four alternative planning strategies were generated. The performance of each over and above the trend strategy, in achieving balanced demand and supply of activity spaces, and in optimising the locational and structural potential in the market places, was evaluated with equations 2 and 1(a & b). The strategy that achieved the best performance, together with the plan management requirements, was recommended as the adopted plan for the market places in the city.
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Achuo, George. "Partner satisfaction and renewal likelihood in consumer supported agriculture (CSA) : a case study of The Equiterre CSA network". Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19555.

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48

LIN, Chien-Feng, i 林建豐. "Military Fuel Distribution Center Facility Location Problem". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70411252524757232592.

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碩士
國立高雄第一科技大學
運籌管理所
97
This study addresses the facility location problem for the military fuel distribution centers. The fuel distribution task is one of the most important issues in the military logistics. However, the objectives and considerations for the fuel distribution center location are different for peacetime and wartime. The objective of the fuel distribution centers during peacetime is to minimize the total transportation costs. Nevertheless, the objective of the fuel distribution centers during wartime or war preparedness is to minimize the maximum travel times or travel distances to the served demands to reduce the exposure in the dangerous environment. Two models are proposed to address these two different problems. The sensitivity analysis is also performed to provide some insights for different situations and strategies.
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Sheng, Jhih-Wei, i 盛智偉. "A Study of Location Problem for Fuel Distribution Center and Fuel Delivery Vehicle Routing Problem". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64151064176255007702.

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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
工業工程與管理研究所碩士班
100
This study focus on the location problem for fuel distribution center and vehicle routing problem for fuel delivery. The overall cost in this model includes the pipeline set up cost, the social cost of fuel distribution center, the transportation costs, and the punishment cost of fuel tank car on location choice. This research proposes an integrated heuristic algorithm which combines a Tabu algorithm and a Genetic algorithm. The Tabu algorithm is designed for improving vehicle routing and the Genetic algorithm is designed for improvement of fuel distribution center location. Results of numeric examples show that the integrated algorithm is not only able to effectively improve vehicle routing, but also searching for the location with lower total cost. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is also conducted and discussed. The concluding comments are useful for decision making.
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50

Chiu, Yi-Ting, i 邱怡婷. "A Competitive Location Model for the Alternative-fuel Station Allocation Problem". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29732102502673420230.

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碩士
國立交通大學
運輸與物流管理學系
103
The consumption of petroleum products is one of the factors causing global warming and serious air pollution. Therefore, many developed countries have devoted great effort to promoting alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs). In addition, due to the nature resource scarcity, the price of traditional fuel is getting higher and higher, some people view the AFV as a good option. However, poor accessibility to refueling stations is one of the major barriers to the adaption of AFVs. However, the cost of establishing the infrastructure to promote the use of AFVs is very high. Thus, the objective of this study is to economically and efficiently determine the location of the AFV refueling facilities. Given a specific market, it is assumed there are some alternative fuel stations set up by an existing competitor, and the new provider plan to set up its own facilities This study is based on competitive flow-capturing location allocation problem (FCLAP) and assume that the drivers/the demand can detour through networks to obtain the service. In the model formulation, we do not take the driving range of AFVs into account, as the density of the facilities in the urban area is relatively high. In order to find the ideal facility locations to maximize the captured traffic flow, we propose an integer programming (IP) model. In addition, with an aim to alleviate the computational load, we make use of the well-known maximum coverage problem to design another IP model to reduce the complexity when solving the problem. By some data pre-processing, we can reduce the indexes of the binary decision variables from three to two, and thus significantly cut the program run time when dealing with the medium or large scale problems. In the numerical experiment, the proposed models and the solution algorithm were tested with a small-sized example network and a middle-sized example network with 7 nodes and 25 nodes respectively. The effects of the number of new facilities in the network and the different facility locations of the existing competitor were examined. In these test problems, we simulate the locations of the existing facilities and the demand flow by random number generators. It is found the solution approach based on the maximum coverage model achieve a better solution quality when compared with the greedy heuristic algorithm in the literature. The test results show the developed model and solution approach can be used for allocating alternative-fuel stations.
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