Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Fruit flies

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Fruit flies”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 28 lipca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Fruit flies"

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Naganna, Repalle, D. M. Jethva i U. Venu Gopal. "Evaluation of pheromone dispensers for eco-friendly management of mango fruit fly". Ecology, Environment and Conservation 29 (2023): 450–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03s.078.

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The fruit fly is a pest of quarantine importance and is difficult to manage. It has a great impact on agricultural and causes enormous damage to fruits and vegetables. For the management of mango fruit flies, the Methyl eugenol-based pheromone trap was used. The trap efficacy is most affected by different factors. Among them, the dispenser played a crucial role in attracting fruit flies. In this regard, our investigation on the evaluation of pheromone dispensers was carried out and the results revealed that all the treatments were attracted to the fruit flies. Though, significantly more fruit flies were captured in both the plywood block (418.26 fruit flies/trap/month), and softwood block (389.58 fruit flies/ trap/month), which were at par with each other. Whereas, the least fruit flies were captured in the coal block (225.55 fruit flies/trap/month). It can be concluded that the plywood and softwood block performed better in terms of the number of fruit flies captured in the field and these can be used as dispensers in fruit fly traps for the management of fruit flies.
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Gomina, Mondjonnesso, Atti Tchabi, Nafadjara Abouwaliou Nadio, Agbéko Kodjo Tounou, Isabelle Adolé Glitho i Komla Sanda. "Cultivated and wild host plants associated with fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in three ecological zones of Togo". International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 17, nr 3 (24.08.2023): 787–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i3.4.

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Fruit flies are a major constraint on the production and marketing of fruits and vegetables in Togo. It is important to master the bioecology of fruits flies before setting up a method for managing their populations effectively, sustainably, at low cost and with regard for environment health. In this context, this study was carried out to evaluate interaction between fruit flies and their respective host plants. Fruits and vegetables were sampled in 2019 in ecological zones III, IV and V in Togo. Fruits and vegetables incubation allowed to identify 15 host plants associated with 8 species of fruit flies belonging to the genera Bactrocera, Ceratitis, Dacus and Zeugodacus. Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and Ceratitis cosyra (Walker) were the most abundant with respectively 47.51 and 46.03% of the 6858 flies recovered. The infestation rate of the mango by B. dorsalis ranged from 1.93 to 70.83 flies/kg of fruit. Among the 7 host plants associated with B. dorsalis, the mango was the most infested cultivated fruit and the African apple the most infested wild fruit (F = 3.077, df = 6, p = 0.008). This study expands the available database on the interactions between fruit flies and their hosts in Togo.
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Hamid, Saima, Pathania, S. S., Sofi, M. A., Bano, Parveena, Sushil Kumar i Tamjeeda Nisar. "Screening of Cucurbits Germplasm for Antixenosis Basis of Resistance against Fruit Flies, Bactrocera spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae)". International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, nr 20 (28.09.2023): 582–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i203842.

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Varietal screening of cucurbit germplasm for their relative resistance/ susceptibility against fruit flies, Bactrocera spp. infestation was done at field trial laid under All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on Vegetables in the Vegetable Experimental Farm, Faculty of Horticulture, SKUAST-K, Shalimar during kharif season, 2021 in different cucurbit crops i.e. Bottle gourd, Bitter gourd, Ridge gourd, Muskmelon and Cucumber. Various antixenotic traits including pubescence on fruit, fruit shape, color of fruits, rind thickness, flesh thickness, fruit toughness, fruit length and diameter, depth and number of ribs were studied on fifty-four varieties/genotypes of different cucurbit crops to assess their relative resistance/susceptibility to fruit flies. The cucurbit genotypes with maximum rind thickness, Pubescence, fruit toughness had least fruit flies infestation; and had significant influence in imparting resistance against fruit flies; however, shape, size and color of the cucurbit fruits were not of much significance in conferring resistance to fruit flies infestation.
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Azizol Azeli, Nor Aminah, Salmah Mohamed i Nur Athiqah Md.Yusof. "Assessment of Fruit Fly Infestation on Melon Manis Terengganu (Cucumis melo var. inodorus) at Different Fruit Ripening Stages". Journal Of Agrobiotechnology 13, nr 1S (29.09.2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.37231/jab.2022.13.1s.307.

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Cucumis melo var inodorus or known as Melon Manis Terengganu (MMT) is a new variety of rockmelon and has been developed and grown exclusively in Terengganu since 2015. However, pest infestations such as fruit flies have reduced melon production yields, and research on fruit flies is still poorly studied in this new variety. Therefore, this study was aimed to identify the fruit fly’s species infested MMT as well as to determine the infestation rate of fruit flies on MMT at different ripening stages. The infested MMT fruits were randomly collected for three consecutive weeks prior to harvest and each week was represented as unripe stage (Week 1), ripe stage (Week 2) and fully-ripe stage (Week 3). Each week, 10 fruit samples were brought to the laboratory and weighed individually before being placed in plastic containers. The fruits were reared until all larvae transformed into pupae for determination of infestation rates and emergence of adult fruit flies for species identification. A total of 232 of fruit flies adults emerged from 30 MMT fruit samples collected and all the flies were identified as Zeugodacus cucurbitae (previously known as Bactrocera cucurbitae). Unripe stage fruits recorded the highest infestation rate of fruit flies at 28.24 ± 18.58 pupae/kg and followed by ripe stage at 24.47 ± 8.17 pupae/kg. Whilst the fully-ripe stage had the lowest infestation rate of flies at 13.5 ± 5.07 pupae/kg. However, no significant difference (P>0.05) of infestation rate was recorded among the different fruit stages. This study contributes new information on the fruit fly’s species that attack MMT and its infestation rate. Hence, these findings are expected to help better management of MMT fruit flies in the future.
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Follett, Peter A., Fay E. M. Haynes i Bernard C. Dominiak. "Host Suitability Index for Polyphagous Tephritid Fruit Flies". Journal of Economic Entomology 114, nr 3 (14.03.2021): 1021–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab035.

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Abstract Tephritid fruit flies are major economic pests for fruit production and are an impediment to international trade. Different host fruits are known to vary in their suitability for fruit flies to complete their life cycle. Currently, international regulatory standards that define the likely legal host status for tephritid fruit flies categorize fruits as a natural host, a conditional host, or a nonhost. For those fruits that are natural or conditional hosts, infestation rate can vary as a spectrum ranging from highly attractive fruits supporting large numbers of fruit flies to very poor hosts supporting low numbers. Here, we propose a Host Suitability Index (HSI), which divides the host status of natural and conditional hosts into five categories based on the log infestation rate (number of flies per kilogram of fruit) ranging from very poor (<0.1), poor (0.1–1.0), moderately good (1.0–10.0), good (10–100), and very good (>100). Infestation rates may be determined by field sampling or cage infestation studies. We illustrate the concept of this index using 21 papers that examine the host status of fruits in five species of polyphagous fruit flies in the Pacific region: Bactrocera tryoni Froggatt, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), Bactrocera latifrons (Hendel), Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett), and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae). This general-purpose index may be useful in developing systems approaches that rely on poor host status, for determining surveillance and detection protocols for potential incursions, and to guide the appropriate regulatory response during fruit fly outbreaks.
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Supratiwi, Rahayu, Rion Apriyadi i Euis Asriani. "FRUIT FLIES (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) DIVERSITY IN HORTICULTURAL FARM OF MERAWANG SUB-DISTRICT, BANGKA DISTRICT, BANGKA BELITUNG ISLANDS". Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 20, nr 1 (11.03.2020): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.12061-70.

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Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are main pests in fruit and vegetable cultivation. There are 4000 species offruit flies in the world and 35% of them are important pests, including commercial fruits that have high economic value.Merawang District is one of the centers of horticultural production, especially fruits and vegetables. One of the threats to theproduction of horticultural commodities is the attack of fruit flies. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity,distribution, and types of fruit flies in horticultural crops in Merawang Sub-District, Bangka District. The research wasconducted in descriptive method, in this case, the survey method was also used. The sampling was done in purposivesampling method. In total, 1248 specimen of fruit flies were collected by using different attractant traps and identified. Themethyl eugenol (ME) and cue lure (CUE) attractants trapped 1076 and 172 specimens, respectively. The diversity of fruit fliesin Merawang Sub-District was relatively low, in total 9 species fruit flies were observed and identified as Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel), B. umbrosa (Fabricius), B. carambolae (Drew & Hancock), B. occipitalis (Bezzi), Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett),B. albistrigata (de Meijer), Z. caudata (Fabricius), B. limbifera (Bezzi), and Dacus nanggalae (Drew & Hancock). The speciesdominant observed at the study site were B. dorsalis (Hendel), B. carambolae (Drew & Hancock), and B. occipitalis (Bezzi).Air Anyir Village was the highest number of fruit flies species.
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SHARMA, RAKESH KUMAR, YOGESH KHOKHAR i SANDEEP SINGH. "Management of fruit flies (Bactrocera spp.) in guava (Psidium guajava) by pheromone traps". Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 92, nr 1 (31.01.2022): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v92i1.120821.

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Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is one of the most important commercial fruits grown in Punjab. Fruit flies (Bactrocera spp.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) are considered the key insect pest of guava causing yield losses and quality degradation during rainy season and thus decreasing fruit production. The present studies emphasis on ecofriendly management of fruitflies using the methyl eugenol pheromone traps (PAU traps) during 2017 and 2018. Fruit flies analysis by traps installation in guava orchard characterized high population of fruit flies (24.8–760.9) captured per trap per week (pooled mean of two years) in July to September. Population of fruit fly increased rapidly reaching its peak with weekly trap catches of 801.5 and 720.4 fruit flies/trap/week during the second week of August (32nd SMW) during 2017 and 2018 respectively, when the trees were at the maximum fruiting period. Maximum fruit infestation in control was observed in 34th and 35th SMW, i.e 67 and 81% as compared to 45 and 48% in treatment. The marketable fruits/ tree was 96 and 85 fruits/tree in treated plots as compared to 52 and 47 fruits/tree in untreated plots during 2017 and 2018 respectively. Mean fruit yield was 15.4 kg/tree and 12.6 kg/tree in treatment as compared to control with 8.8 kg/tree and 8.1 kg/tree during 2017 and 2019 respectively. There was significant increase in number of marketable fruits/tree and fruit yield. The results clearly depict that fruit fly traps offer one of the most effective method for the management of fruit flies especially in the rainy season.
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Seguni, ZuberiSingano. "EFFECT OF COMMUNITY BASED AREA-WIDE FRUIT FLY SUPPRESSION ON BACTROCERA DORSALIS POPULATION IN ORANGE ORCHARDS IN MUHEZA DISTRICT TANZANIA". International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 4, nr 9 (30.09.2016): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i9.2016.2532.

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A community-based area wide fruit fly suppression exercise involving simultaneous application by farmers of methyl eugenol-mediated mass capture of males of Bactrocera dorsalis fruit fly, crop sanitation by burial of fallen fruits and SUCCESS bait (GF 121)spot application of citrus tree crowns, was undertaken in three villages in Muheza district, Tanga region north eastern Tanzania. Male fruit fly numbers in methyl eugenol traps dropped significantly following application of the treatments from 970 flies per trap per week before application of treatments in July 2011 to 100 and 46 flies six and nine months after treatments at Kwabada village; 200 flies per trap per week before to 34 and one flies after treatment at Kwemsaa village and from 800 flies before to 64 and 50 flies per trap per week during the same period at Mlingano village. However, a fall occurred also in untreated orchards indicating a possible spill-over effect of the treatments due to the large area covered. Moreover, the treated areas might have acted as a sink that drew fruit flies from neighbouring untreated orchards into it. The drastic fall in trapped males may be associated with the effect of the treatments in reducing the number of flies so that fewer were available to fly into the traps. The collective and simultaneous application by farmers of fruit fly suppression over a large crop area is a robust strategy to manage fruit flies in citrus and other fruits orchards such as mango. The results suggest that farmers can successfully implement area-wide fruit fly suppression in smallholder citrus systems.
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Bhoye, Shantaram. "Studies of Tomato Fruit Flies (Neoceratitis cyanescens): A Serious Pest on Tomato Crop". Chronicle of Aquatic Science 10, nr 01 (2024): 194–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.61851/coas.v1i10.17.

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Tomato is a key food crop in India, grown in different states and producing different products. It is a rich source of vitamins, minerals and fiber and is used in a variety of dishes. However, it is threatened by various insect pests, including the serpentine leaf miner, fruit fly, mealybugs, red mites, thrips and whiteflies. Fruit flies, especially Neoceratitis cyanescens are the most serious pests of fruits and vegetables worldwide, causing millions of dollars in damage annually. These pests reduce tomato quality and cause abortion, with losses varying between 30-100% depending on the season. Fruit flies are more demanding on ripe tomato fruits than on young ones. Female flies deposit their eggs in the fruit using their ovipositor, causing the color to change. The adult larvae eat the flesh, making the fruits unfit for consumption. Larval development depends on host fruit nutrients, size, developmental period, and maturation time of adult flies.
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Rahayu, Siti Utari, Susilawati, Suharman, Herty Afrina Sianturi, Yosatria Juanka Sibarani, Fathurrahman Fathurrahman, Jacky Gunawan Manurung i Ardiansyah Sembiring. "Fruit Fly Pest Control with Ultrasonic Waves and Modified Steiner Trap in Orange Orchard in Narigunung 1 Village, Karo Regency". ABDIMAS TALENTA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 6, nr 2 (13.12.2021): 485–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/abdimastalenta.v6i2.6097.

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Orange is one of the local fruits, which is a source of income for farmers in Narigunung 1 Village, Tiganderket District, Karo Regency. However, in recent years, many orange orchards have been attacked by the fruit fly pest of Bactrocera sp. (Diptera: Tephritidae), causing the oranges become rotten and fall. This resulted in losses for farmers; there are crop failures in some orchards, while the farmers had to pay off a large pesticide purchase. One of the effective ways to ward off the arrival of these fruit flies is by using ultrasonic waves. Based on a research, fruit flies will be disturbed if there are ultrasonic waves with a frequency of 25-30 KHz that work based on ambient temperatures above 18⁰C. In addition, to control the fruit fly population, this community service also used a modified steiner trap, employing methyl eugenol, which can stimulate male fruit flies to enter the trap. Both repellents and traps will be made at a height of where fruit flies are active around the orange tree. With this control system, the orange orchard will be free from fruit flies so that farmers will no longer experience losses; besides, ecological trapping of fruit flies will reduce the population of fruit flies around Narigunung 1 Village, Karo Regency.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Fruit flies"

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Weldon, Christopher W. "Dispersal and mating behaviour of Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) (Diptera: Tephritidae) : implications for population establishment and control /". Connect to full text, 2005. http://setis.library.usyd.edu.au/adt/public_html/adt-NU/public/adt-NU20051007.085638.

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Corcoran, R. J. "Fruit fly (Diptera:Tephritidae) responses to quarantine heat treatment /". St. Lucia, Qld, 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16489.pdf.

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Hilton, Emily M. (Emily Margaret). "Characterization and analysis of the flight dynamics of fruit flies". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40431.

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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 39).
For centuries, the human race has been perplexed by the various complex physical manifestations in nature. Much of what we have seen in nature we have tried to recreate, from the migration tendencies and routes of sea creatures to the flight of birds and insects. The flight of the fly, in particular, is of interest because of their natural stabilization techniques. The works of two scientists, Steven Vogel and Michael Dickinson, were researched in order to find out how the flight dynamics of the fly worked. It was found that the fast horizontal wing beating of the fly as well as the body angle of the fly helped to generate lift and thrust within the fly. Equilibrium was achieved due to the haltere of the fly, a small stubby organ behind the forewing which detected Coriolis forces at the base of the wing and created counter-rotations. Both scientists used work done by earlier scientist J.W. Pringle, who modeled the haltere as a mass-dashpot-spring system using dynamics in order to analyze the oscillatory motion and how it affects flight. The research done by all three scientists can serve to one day be able to produce micro aerial vehicles, using the flight dynamics of the fly as the basis of the flight of these vehicles.
by Emily M. Hilton.
S.B.
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Majkut, Joesph. "Foraging Fruit Flies: Lagrangian and Eulerian Descriptions of Insect Swarming". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2006. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/hmc_theses/183.

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In this work, I seek to model swarms of fruit flies, drosophila melanogaster, whose flights are characterized by straight flight segments interrupted by rapid turns called saccades. These flights are reminiscent of Levy-distributed random walks which are known to lead to efficient search behavior. I build two types of model for swarms of foraging fruit flies, whose behavior depends on swarm density and chemoattractant concentration, using rules inspired by experimentally observed flight patterns. First I will present a Lagrangian model where the path of each individual fly is tracked. I will also consider an Eulerian model where the fruit fly density evolves as a function of time and position in space. I will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the two models and the relationship between them.
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Howie, Lynita Joy. "The Influence of Physiological State on Feeding Behaviour of Bactrocera tryoni(Froggatt) (Diptera: Tephritidae)". Thesis, Griffith University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/368102.

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This thesis examined the feeding behaviour of B. tryoni relative to the physiological state (sex, maturity, mated state and nutritional condition) of the fly. I particularly focused on the attraction of B. tryoni to proteinaceous food types with the intention of explaining fly response as a function of physiological state. All B. tryoni, irrespective of age, sex or mated state, preferentially feed in the first few hours after sunrise, both in the laboratory and field cage environment. Sugar feeding was greatest by mature mated females, followed closely by immature flies (both sexes). Protein feeding was greatest in immature flies, while mature unmated females spent very little time in protein feeding. Thus, proteinaceous baits used for B. tryoni control would be least effective over mature unmated females. Fly hunger is also relevant in determining how a fly will respond to food types. Some results with A. ludens suggested that sugar hungry flies had a reduced attraction to proteinaceous odours, a relevant consequence that significantly reduces the success of proteinaceous baits. Indeed, gravid female B. tryoni had a much decreased attraction to bacteria when sugar hungry, but the effect was not significant for immature flies (both sexes). Therefore, I tested B. tryoni attraction to sugar food (open fruit) and protein food (bacteria) combined, but the combined odours did not appear to be significantly more attractive than one food source alone. Gravid females were primarily attracted to fruit odour as an oviposition resource, independent of their nutritional condition. Further, gravid females were only significantly attracted bacterial odour when protein hungry and were repelled when fed. These results then lead me to a further examination of fly attraction to bacterial odours. Common phyllosphere bacteria are a known protein source for B. tryoni. Anecdotal evidence suggests that fly attraction to bacteria increases as the bacterial culture ages. However this was only found true for immature flies. Gravid females that were protein hungry initially had a strong response to bacterial odours in the exponential growth phase, but had a much reduced response to stronger bacterial odours in the stationary / death phase. This supports the theory that bacterial odours represent an ovipositional deterrent to B. tryoni. A common volatile released by phyllosphere bacteria, 2-butanone, is also thought to be the attractive volatile in cue lure (a male B. tryoni sex attractant). However, mature males had a relatively low response to bacteria, suggesting that bacterial odours do not act as a sex attractant in the same way as cue lure. My findings help explain why protein baits may or may not be effective in controlling B. tryoni and will improve the decision making process when considering how best to control B. tryoni.
Thesis (Masters)
Master of Philosophy (MPhil)
Griffith School of Environment
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Muniz, Ortiz Jorge G. "Toxicogenetic studies in Drosophila using fruit flies to study arsenic toxicity /". Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2009. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1231776077.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Cincinnati, 2009.
Advisor: Iain Cartwright PhD (Committee Chair), Gary Dean PhD (Committee Member), Dan Hassett PhD (Committee Member), Anil Menon PhD (Committee Member), Alvaro Puga PhD (Committee Member). Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed May 28, 2010). Keywords: Drosophila; arsenic; methylation; glutathione synthetase; arsenic methyltransferase; fruit fly; glutathione; genetic susceptibility, transgenic. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Muñiz, Ortiz Jorge G. "Toxicogenetic Studies in Drosophila: Using Fruit Flies to Study Arsenic Toxicity". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1231776077.

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Foda, M. E. M. "Chemical communication in the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234432.

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Hobololo, Vuyisile Lanele. "Field biology and identification of fruit flies in the Western Cape Province". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49966.

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Thesis (MSc)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Two fruit fly species, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) and C. rosa (Karsch) (Diptera: Tephritidae) are known to attack deciduous fruit in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. The relative abundance of these two pests was studied in different kinds of fruit throughout the year. To facilitate field monitoring, using the immature stages, morphological differences between larval instars of C. capitata and C. rosa were investigated. Morphological characters of the larvae, such as the spiracles (anterior and posterior), mouth hooks and oral ridges were used. Many of these characters are only suitable to distinguish between the second and third instar larvae as these structures are not yet developed in the first instar larvae. Anterior spiracles were examined in terms of the number of tubules (papillae) and size or shape of the felt chambers. The number of papillae in both species was similar in the second and third instar larvae, but differed between the larvae of the two species (8-10 for C. capitata and 10-13 for C. rosa). In both species the felt chambers of the second instar larvae were narrow and elongate whilst those of the third instar larvae were broad and short. The major difference between the mouthhooks of the two tephritids was the presence of a sub-apical tooth in the third instar larva of C. rosa, being absent in the third instar of C. capitata. For the morphometric study, both laboratory-reared and field-collected specimens were examined. Measurements of the body dimensions (length and width) and various parts of the cephalopharyngeal skeleton (CPS) (mandible base, mandible length and distance between the tip and notch) were recorded in all three instars of both C. capitata and C. rosa. The data were analysed using finite mixture analysis (FMA-N1) and Levene's test was used to test for homogeneity of variances. The results of these analyses were used to estimate the frequency distributions of the larval measurements. In some cases overlaps in distributions were evident and were resolved using the same program, finite mixture analysis (FMA-N1), based on the probability of the overlapping measurements belonging to the designated instar (i.e. the one with highest probability). Determination of growth ratios suggested an approximate conformation to Dyar's rule thereby disputing the possibility of any hidden instar. However, in most cases measurements of the field samples did not conform to Dyar's rule. For the larval instars of C. capitata and C. rosa with overlapping morphological features, the morphometric approach as a distinguishing tool was demonstrated. In the field survey, the relative abundance of C. rosa at all experimental sites was very low in both orchards and adjacent vines. This suggested that this pest was either not a threat in these sites (crops) or the monitoring procedures applied, should be revised. Trap catches indicated high levels of infestation by C. capitata on some sites and low infestation levels at others. On the site with the highest population levels, activity peaks in the orchards did not co-incide with those in the adjacent vineyards. This suggested that these vineyards could be alternative hosts for fruit fly after the fruit in the orchards have been harvested. Forced oviposition (in vitro) studies indicated that Colombard (grown in Simonsvlei) was the most suitable host for survival of C. capitata. Other wine grape cultivars such as Chardonnay were also suitable for the total larval development of C. capitata.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Twee spesies van die vrugtevlieg, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) en C. rosa (Karsch) (Diptera: Tephritidae), val sagtevrugte in die Wes Kaap Provinsie van Suid- Afrika aan. Die groot hoeveelheid van hierdie twee plae op verskillende soorte vrugte is regdeur die jaar bestudeer. Voordat enige insekplaag gemonitor kan word, is dit belangrik dat die identiteit van die besondere plaag, insluitend sy onvolwasse stadiums, bekend moet wees. In hierdie studie word die morfologiese verskille tussen die larwe stadiums van C. capitata en C. rosa ondersoek. Kenmerke soos die spirakels (voor en agter), mondhake en mondriwwe is gebruik. Baie van hierdie morfologiese kenmerke kan net gebruik word om te onderskei tussen larwes in die tweede en derde stadiums omdat hierdie strukture nog nie in die eerste stadium ontwikkel is nie. Die voorste spirakels is ondersoek in terme van die aantal tubules (papillae) en die grootte en vorm van die vilt kamers. In beide spesies is die aantal papillae dieselfde vir die tweede en derde larwe stadiums, maar daar was en verskil tussen die larwes van die twee spesies (8-10 vir C. capitata en 10-13 vir C. rosa). In altwee spesies was die viIt kamers van die twee stadium larwes sma I en verleng, terwyl dit in die derde stadium larwes breed en kort was. Die hoof verskil tussen die mondhake van die twee vrugtevliee was die aanwesigheid van die subapikale tand in die derde stadium larwe van C. rosa, terwyl dit afwesig is in die derde stadium van C. capitata. Vir die morfometriese studie is voorbeelde van laboratorium geteelde vrugtevliee, asook vilee wat in die veld gevind is, ondersoek. Die liggaamsafmetings (Iengte en breedte) is gemeet asook die skelet (mandibel basis, mandibel lengte en die afstand tussen die punt en die kerf) in al drie stadiums van C. capitata en C. rosa. Die data is ontleed deur middel van eindige mengsel analise (FMA-N1) en Levene se toets is gebruik om vir homogeniteit en variansies te toets. Die resultate van die ontleding is gebruik om die frekwensie verspreiding van die larwale metings te skat. In sommige gevalle was daar oorvleueling en dit is opgelos met die gebruik van dieselfde program FMA-N1 baseer op die moontlikheid dat die metings wat oorvleuel, aan die aangeduide stadium (d.w.s die een met die hoogste waarskynlikheid) behoort. Die vasstelling van groei ratios dui aan dat dit naasteby ooreenstem met Dyar se reel en dus die moontlikheid van 'n versteekte stadium betwis. Maar in die meeste gevalle stem die veldmonsters nie ooreen met Dyar se reel nie. Die feit dat die morfometriese benadering die verrnoe het om larwale monsters met oorvleuelende morfologiese kenmerke, beteken dat dit kwalifiseer as In instrument om tussen die larwe stadiums van C. capitata en C. rosa te onderskei. Baie min C. rosa is in vrugteboorde en in nabygelee wingerde gevind. Dit dui of dat die plaag nie 'n bedreiging vir die vrugte inhou nie, of dat die monitor prosedures hersien moet word. Lokvalle dui aan dat daar 'n hoe vlak van infestasie van C. capitata in sommige gebeide is en In lae vlak in ander. Op die plek met die hoogste bevolking van vrugtevliee het die aktiwiteit in die boorde nie ooreengestem met die aktiwiteit in die nabygelee wingerde nie. Dit dui aan dat hierdie wingerde 'n alternatiewe blyplek bied aan die vrugtevliee nadat die vrugte in die boorde geoes is. Gedwonge oviposisie studies dui aan dat C. capitata die beste kan oorleef in Colombard (gekweek te Simonsvlei). Ander wyndruif kultivars is ook geskik vir die ontwikkeling tot by die laaste larwe stadium van C. capitata.
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Velandia-Huerto, Cristian A., Sarah J. Berkemer, Anne Hoffmann, Nancy Retzlaff, Marroquín Liiana C. Romero, Maribel Hernández-Rosales, Peter F. Stadler i Clara I. Bermúdez-Santana. "Orthologs, turn-over, and remolding of tRNAs in primates and fruit flies". Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-209565.

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Background: Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are ubiquitous in all living organism. They implement the genetic code so that most genomes contain distinct tRNAs for almost all 61 codons. They behave similar to mobile elements and proliferate in genomes spawning both local and non-local copies. Most tRNA families are therefore typically present as multicopy genes. The members of the individual tRNA families evolve under concerted or rapid birth-death evolution, so that paralogous copies maintain almost identical sequences over long evolutionary time-scales. To a good approximation these are functionally equivalent. Individual tRNA copies thus are evolutionary unstable and easily turn into pseudogenes and disappear. This leads to a rapid turnover of tRNAs and often large differences in the tRNA complements of closely related species. Since tRNA paralogs are not distinguished by sequence, common methods cannot not be used to establish orthology between tRNA genes. Results: In this contribution we introduce a general framework to distinguish orthologs and paralogs in gene families that are subject to concerted evolution. It is based on the use of uniquely aligned adjacent sequence elements as anchors to establish syntenic conservation of sequence intervals. In practice, anchors and intervals can be extracted from genome-wide multiple sequence alignments. Syntenic clusters of concertedly evolving genes of different families can then be subdivided by list alignments, leading to usually small clusters of candidate co-orthologs. On the basis of recent advances in phylogenetic combinatorics, these candidate clusters can be further processed by cograph editing to recover their duplication histories. We developed a workflow that can be conceptualized as stepwise refinement of a graph of homologous genes. We apply this analysis strategy with different types of synteny anchors to investigate the evolution of tRNAs in primates and fruit flies. We identified a large number of tRNA remolding events concentrated at the tips of the phylogeny. With one notable exception all phylogenetically old tRNA remoldings do not change the isoacceptor class. Conclusions: Gene families evolving under concerted evolution are not amenable to classical phylogenetic analyses since paralogs maintain identical, species-specific sequences, precluding the estimation of correct gene trees from sequence differences. This leaves conservation of syntenic arrangements with respect to "anchor elements" that are not subject to concerted evolution as the only viable source of phylogenetic information. We have demonstrated here that a purely synteny-based analysis of tRNA gene histories is indeed feasible. Although the choice of synteny anchors influences the resolution in particular when tight gene clusters are present, and the quality of sequence alignments, genome assemblies, and genome rearrangements limits the scope of the analysis, largely coherent results can be obtained for tRNAs. In particular, we conclude that a large fraction of the tRNAs are recent copies. This proliferation is compensated by rapid pseudogenization as exemplified by many very recent alloacceptor remoldings.
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Książki na temat "Fruit flies"

1

Aluja, Martin, i Pablo Liedo, red. Fruit Flies. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2278-9.

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Beers, Elizabeth H. Cherry fruit flies. Pullman, Wash: Cooperative Extension, Washington State University, 1995.

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J, Spencer G., i Ontario. Dept. of Agriculture., red. Cherry fruit-flies. Toronto: Dept. of Agriculture, 1997.

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LeMieux, A. C. Fruit flies, fish & fortune cookies. New York: Tambourine Books, 1994.

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Martin, Aluja, i Liedo Pablo, red. Fruit flies: Biology and management. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1993.

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Kapoor, Vijay Chandra. Indian fruit flies: Insecta, Diptera, Tephritidae. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Pub. Co. Pvt., 1993.

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O, Calkins Carrol, Klassen Waldemar, Liedo Palbo i International Congress of Entomology (1992 : Beijing, China), red. Fruit flies and the sterile insect technique. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1994.

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Martin, Aluja, i Norrbom Allen L. 1957-, red. Fruit flies (Tephritidae): Phylogeny and evolution of behavior. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 2000.

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Hardy, D. Elmo. Fruit flies of the subtribe Acanthonevrina of Indonesia, New Guinea, and the Bismarck and Solomon Islands (Diptera: Tephritidae: Trypetinae: Acanthonevrini). Honolulu: Dept. of Entomology, Bishop Museum, 1986.

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Panagiotis, Economopoulos Aristides, i International Symposium on Fruit Flies (2nd : 1986 : Orthodoxos Akademnia Krētēs), red. Fruit flies: Proceedings of the second international symposium, 16-21 September 1986, Colymbari, Crete, Greece. [Greece]: Symposium Organizing Committee, 1987.

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Części książek na temat "Fruit flies"

1

McCullagh, Peter. "Fruit Flies". W Springer Series in Statistics, 25–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14275-8_3.

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Thompson, F. C., A. L. Norrbom, L. E. Carroll i I. M. White. "The Fruit Fly Biosystematic Information Data Base". W Fruit Flies, 3–7. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2278-9_1.

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Stoffolano, J. G., S. W. Applebaum i C. M. Yin. "The Endocrine System of the Tephritidae". W Fruit Flies, 47–50. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2278-9_10.

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Lawrence, P. O. "Egg Development in Anastrepha suspensa: Influence of the Ecdysone Agonist, RH 5849". W Fruit Flies, 51–56. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2278-9_11.

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McPheron, B. A. "Recent Advances and Future Directions in Tephritid Population Genetics". W Fruit Flies, 59–64. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2278-9_12.

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McPheron, B. A., i H. Y. Han. "Effect of Phenology on Allele Frequency Divergence in Apple Maggot Fly Populations". W Fruit Flies, 65–69. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2278-9_13.

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Giglioti, S., G. Gargiulo, A. Manzi, F. Graziani i C. Malva. "Drosophila melanogaster as a Model System for Fruit Flies of Economic Importance: The Vitelline Membrane Protein 32E Gene Regulatory Sequences". W Fruit Flies, 71–76. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2278-9_14.

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Haymer, D., J. Anleitner, S. Thanaphum, M. He i L. Arcangeli. "Molecular Genetic Studies of Tephritid Species in Hawaii". W Fruit Flies, 77–78. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2278-9_15.

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Gasperi, G., D. Kafetzopoulos, C. Savakis, A. S. Robinson, T. Loukeris, L. Baruffi i V. Bouriotis. "Molecular and Genetic Studies of Alcohol Dehydrogenase of Ceratitis capitata". W Fruit Flies, 79–80. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2278-9_16.

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Caceres, C., J. Walder i S. Venicio. "Genetic Method for Separation of Males and Females of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly Ceratitis capitata, Based on Pupal Color Dimorphism for Mass-Rearing Applications". W Fruit Flies, 81–84. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2278-9_17.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Fruit flies"

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Graetzel, Chauncey F., Bradley J. Nelson i Steven N. Fry. "Reverse-engineering lift control in fruit flies". W EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob 2008). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/biorob.2008.4762802.

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Tao, Junli, Benjamin Risse, Xiaoyi Jiang i Reinhard Klette. "3D trajectory estimation of simulated fruit flies". W the 27th Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2425836.2425844.

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Oliveira da Silva, Rodrigo. "Semiochemical attractants for fruit flies of agricultural importance". W 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.108997.

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Sinha, Supriyo, Liang Liang, Eric TW Ho, Liqun Luo, Thomas M. Baer i Mark J. Schnitzer. "Laser microsurgery for two-photon imaging in fruit flies". W Novel Techniques in Microscopy. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ntm.2011.nmc6.

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Legaspi, Krystoffer Rowick B., Nino Warren S. Sison i Jocelyn Flores Villaverde. "Detection and Classification of Whiteflies and Fruit Flies Using YOLO". W 2021 13th International Conference on Computer and Automation Engineering (ICCAE). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccae51876.2021.9426129.

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Schutze, Mark K. "Integrative taxonomy of SE-Asian and Oceanic tephritid fruit flies". W 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.111711.

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Bonifazi, Giuseppe, Riccardo Gasbarrone i Silvia Serranti. "Detection of olive fruits attacked by olive fruit flies using visible-short wave infrared spectroscopy". W Photonic Instrumentation Engineering VIII, redaktorzy Yakov Soskind i Lynda E. Busse. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2582712.

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Jones, M., S. Blair, S. MacNeill, J. Welch, A. Hole, P. Baxter i P. Cullinan. "S103 Occupational allergy to fruit flies (drosophila melanogaster) in laboratory workers". W British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2017, QEII Centre Broad Sanctuary Westminster London SW1P 3EE, 6 to 8 December 2017, Programme and Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Thoracic Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210983.109.

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Wang, Haiyun. "A New WSNs Localization Based on Improved Fruit Flies Optimization Algorithm". W 2nd International Conference on Computer Engineering, Information Science & Application Technology (ICCIA 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iccia-17.2017.104.

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Shcherbakov, M. V. "To the study of tephritid fruit-flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) of Tuva". W XI Всероссийский диптерологический симпозиум (с международным участием). Санкт-Петербург: Русское энтомологическое общество, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47640/978-5-00105-586-0_2020_260.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Fruit flies"

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Lani C. Keller, Lani C. Keller. Flies on the Brain: Can Fruit Flies Aid in Curing Neurodegeneration? Experiment, marzec 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/2233.

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Greany, Patrick, i Yoram Rossler. Enhancement of Citrus Resistance to Tephritid Fruit Flies. United States Department of Agriculture, październik 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1985.7598892.bard.

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Yuval, Boaz, i Todd E. Shelly. Lek Behavior of Mediterranean Fruit Flies: An Experimental Analysis. United States Department of Agriculture, lipiec 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7575272.bard.

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The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a ubiquitous pest of fruit trees, causing significant economic damage both in the U.S. and in Israel. Control efforts in the future will rely heavily on the sterile insect technique (SIT). Success of such operations hinges on the competitive ability of released males. The mating system of the medfly is based on leks. These are aggregations of sexually signaling males that attract females (who then select and copulate a courting male). A major component of male competitiveness is their ability to join existing leks or establish leks that are attractive to wild females. Accordingly, we identified leks and the behaviors associated with them as critical for the success of SIT operations. The objectives of this proposal were to determine 1. what makes a good lek site, 2. what are the energetic costs of lekking, 3. how females choose leks, and finally 4. whether the copulatory success of sterile males may be manipulated by particular pre-release diets and judicious spatial dispersal. We established that males choose lek sites according to their spatial location and penological status, that they avoid predators, and within the lek tree choose the perch that affords a compromise between optimal signalling, micro-climatic conditions and predation risk (Kaspi & Yuval 1999 a&b; Field et al 2000; Kaspi & Yuval submitted). We were able to show that leks are exclusive, and that only males with adequate protein and carbohydrate reserves can participate (Yuval et al 1998; Kaspi et al 2000; Shelly et al 2000). We determined that females prefer leks formed by protein fed, sexually experienced males (Shelly 2000). Finally, we demonstrated that adding protein to the diet of sterile males significantly enhances their probability of participating in leks and copulating wild females (Kaspi & Yuval 2000).
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Prokopy, Ronald J., Yoram Rossler, Wendell Roelofs i Samuel Gothilf. Development of Synthetic Fruit Odor/Visual Traps for Apple Maggot and Mediterranean Fruit Flies. United States Department of Agriculture, listopad 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1985.7566583.bard.

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Stanley, Craig, Charles Hadley King, Michelle Thornton i Rob Kulathinal. Behavioral Genetics: Investigating the genes of a complex phenotype in fruit flies. Genetics Society of America Peer-Reviewed Education Portal (GSA PREP), styczeń 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/gsaprep.2016.001.

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Sarah Giers, Sarah Giers. How do temperature and competition affect true fruit flies and their natural enemies? Experiment, czerwiec 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/9500.

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Semenchenko, Anna V., Gabriele Doblhammer, Vladimir N. Anisimov, James R. Carey i Anatoli I. Yashin. Season of birth influences life span of Mediterranean fruit flies, rats and mice. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, sierpień 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2005-025.

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Tang, Juming, Yoav Gazit, Yoram Rossler, Susan Lurie, Guy Hallman, Walter Sheppard i S. Wang. Disinfestation of Mediterranean and Mexican fruit flies in citrus using radio and microwave energy. United States Department of Agriculture, grudzień 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7587218.bard.

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Jurkevitch, Edouard, Carol Lauzon, Boaz Yuval i Susan MacCombs. role of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in survival and reproductive success of Ceratitis capitata, the Mediterranean fruit fly. United States Department of Agriculture, wrzesień 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7695863.bard.

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Objectives: to demonstrate nitrogen fixation in the gut of Ceratitiscapitata, the Mediterranean fruit fly and that fixed nitrogen is important for the fly. Background: Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are a highly successful, widespread group of insects causing enormous economic damage in agriculture. They are anautogenous, i.e. the acquisition of nitrogenous compounds by both male and female is essential for the realization of their reproductive potential. Nitrogen, although abundant in the atmosphere, is paradoxically a limiting resource for multicellular organisms. In the Animalia, biological nitrogen fixation has solely been demonstrated in termites. Major achievements and conclusions: We found that all individuals of field-collected medflies harbor large diazotrophicenterobacterial populations that express dinitrogenreductase in the gut. Moreover, nitrogen fixation was demonstrated in isolated guts and in live flies and may significantly contribute to the fly’s nitrogen intake. Specific components of these communities were shown to be transmitted vertically between flies. Moreover, we found that the gut bacterial community changes during the fly’s active season both in composition and complexity. Moreover, strong changes in community structure were also observed between the fly's various developmental stages. An initial analysis using SuPERPCR, a technology enabling the detection of minor populations by selective elimination of the dominant 16S rDNA sequences revealed that Pseudomonasspp. may also be part of the gut community. Implications: The presence of similar bacterial consortia in additional insect orders suggests that nitrogen fixation occurs in vast pools of terrestrial insects. On such a large scale, this phenomenon may have a considerable impact on the nitrogen cycle.
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Mizrach, Amos, Michal Mazor, Amots Hetzroni, Joseph Grinshpun, Richard Mankin, Dennis Shuman, Nancy Epsky i Robert Heath. Male Song as a Tool for Trapping Female Medflies. United States Department of Agriculture, grudzień 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7586535.bard.

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This interdisciplinaray work combines expertise in engineering and entomology in Israel and the US, to develop an acoustic trap for mate-seeking female medflies. Medflies are among the world's most economically harmful pests, and monitoring and control efforts cost about $800 million each year in Israel and the US. Efficient traps are vitally important tools for medfly quarantine and pest management activities; they are needed for early detection, for predicting dispersal patterns and for estimating medfly abundance within infested regions. Early detection facilitates rapid response to invasions, in order to contain them. Prediction of dispersal patterns facilitates preemptive action, and estimates of the pests' abundance lead to quantification of medfly infestations and control efforts. Although olfactory attractants and traps exist for capturing male and mated female medflies, there are still no satisfactorily efficient means to attract and trap virgin and remating females (a significant and dangerous segment of the population). We proposed to explore the largely ignored mechanism of female attraction to male song that the flies use in courtship. The potential of such an approach is indicated by studies under this project. Our research involved the identification, isolation, and augmentation of the most attractive components of male medfly songs and the use of these components in the design and testing of traps incorporating acoustic lures. The project combined expertise in acoustic engineering and instrumentation, fruit fly behavior, and integrated pest management. The BARD support was provided for 1 year to enable proof-of-concept studies, aimed to determine: 1) whether mate-seeking female medflies are attracted to male songs; and 2) over what distance such attraction works. Male medfly calling song was recorded during courtship. Multiple acoustic components of male song were examined and tested for synergism with substrate vibrations produced by various surfaces, plates and loudspeakers, with natural and artificial sound playbacks. A speaker-funnel system was developed that focused the playback signal to reproduce as closely as possible the near-field spatial characteristics of the sounds produced by individual males. In initial studies, the system was tasted by observing the behavior of females while the speaker system played songs at various intensities. Through morning and early afternoon periods of peak sexual activity, virgin female medflies landed on a sheet of filter paper at the funnel outlet and stayed longer during broadcasting than during the silent part of the cycle. In later studies, females were captured on sticky paper at the funnel outlet. The mean capture rates were 67 and 44%, respectively, during sound emission and silent control periods. The findings confirmed that female trapping was improved if a male calling song was played. The second stage of the research focused on estimating the trapping range. Initial results indicated that the range possibly extended to 70 cm, but additional, verification tests remain to be conducted. Further studies are planned also to consider effects of combining acoustic and pheromonal cues.
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