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Nikitin, Victor, Roman Zaitsev, Tatiana Khramova i Alina Khrypunova. "DEVELOPMENT OF A FACETED CONCENTRATOR FOR A COMBINED PHOTOVOLTAIC PLANT". Energy saving. Power engineering. Energy audit., nr 5-6(171-172) (30.11.2022): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2313-8890.2022.05.04.
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This article examines the features of solar energy concentrators. The characteristics of the currently existing types of solar energy concentration systems are given: a weak concentration system and a high concentration system. Their design features and shortcomings are given. It is noted that Frenel lenses are one of the most widely used concentrators, but their optical efficiency is limited by low or high temperatures, as a change in the refractive index or deformation of the Frenel lens structure is observed due to thermal expansion. Fresnel lenses, which focus solar radiation on an area of up to 1 cm 2, do not allow the utilization of excess thermal energy. The complex geometric shape of parabolic concentrators determines the expensive technology of their manufacture, which, in turn, significantly increases the cost of the electric energy produced by them. Luminescent solar concentrators have a low coefficient of concentration of solar energy. The conducted analysis showed that the existing concentrators of solar radiation do not allow to create competitive compared to traditional sources of electrical energy photo-energy installations that work at high levels of concentration of solar radiation and utilize excess thermal energy. In order to solve the mentioned problems, the authors developed a faceted concentrator of solar radiation, gave its characteristics and presented a laboratory sample. Questions of optimization of the adjustment of the concentrator are investigated. A report on the mock-up tests conducted has been published.
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Fontani, D., P. Sansoni, F. Francini, M. DeLucia, G. Pierucci i D. Jafrancesco. "Optical Tests on a Curve Fresnel Lens as Secondary Optics for Solar Troughs". International Journal of Photoenergy 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1945875.
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A curve Fresnel lens is developed as secondary concentrator for solar parabolic troughs to reduce the number of photovoltaic cells. Specific measurements and optical tests are used to evaluate the optical features of manufactured samples. The cylindrical Fresnel lens transforms the focal line, produced by the primary mirror, into a series of focal points. The execution of special laboratory tests on some secondary concentrator samples is discussed in detail, illustrating the methodologies tailored to the specific case. Focusing tests are performed, illuminating different areas of the lens with solar divergence light and acquiring images on the plane of the photocell using a CMOS camera. Concentration measurements are carried out to select the best performing samples of curve Fresnel lens. The insertion of the secondary optics within the concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) trough doubles the solar concentration of the system. The mean concentration ratio is 1.73, 2.13, and 2.09 for the three tested lenses. The concentration ratio of the solar trough is 140 and approaches 300 after the introduction of the secondary lens.
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Beltagy, Hani, Djaffar Semmar i Noureddine Said. "Performance of Medium-power Fresnel Concentrator Solar Plant in Algerian Sites". Energy Procedia 74 (sierpień 2015): 942–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.07.725.
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Resch, Alois, i Robert Höller. "Optical Modelling of a Linear Fresnel Concentrator for the Development of a Spectral Splitting Concentrating Photovoltaic Thermal Receiver". Energies 16, nr 14 (14.07.2023): 5373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16145373.
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Concentrating photovoltaic thermal (CPVT) solar collectors can be regarded as a promising technology, as they are capable of providing renewable electricity and industrial heat simultaneously. The development of a novel CPVT receiver for a linear Fresnel concentrator requires detailed knowledge about the optical performance of the utilised mirror field. Therefore, this paper presents a generic optical model for such concentrating solar systems. The model was developed in MATLAB™ and calculates the sun’s position depending on the location, date and time. The subsequent geometrical computation of each mirror stripe angle is the basis for the detailed consideration of internal shading mechanisms that are typical for Fresnel mirror concentrators. Furthermore, the cosine losses are determined separately for each mirror. The outcomes of the developed model comprise the optical performance parameters of the considered Fresnel mirror field, such as the geometric efficiency, resulting irradiance in the receiver input plane, expected width of the focus image, concentration factor and total radiant flux impinging the receiver. Due to the chosen design of the model, its application is not limited to a particular kind of Fresnel concentrator. By contrast, all geometric parameters, such as the number of mirrors, the dimensions of the mirrors and the receiver, among others, can be freely adjusted.
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Guo, Yin, Qibing Liang, Bifen Shu, Jing Wang i Qingchuan Yang. "The III–V Triple-Junction Solar Cell Characteristics and Optimization with a Fresnel Lens Concentrator". International Journal of Photoenergy 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7285849.
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At present, the Fresnel lens are commonly used as the condenser in high-concentrating photovoltaic (HCPV) modules. It is ideally believed that the output power of a III–V triple-junction solar cell which is placed on the focal plane of a Fresnel lens is the largest, because the intensity of the sunlight on the focal plane is the largest. Actually, according to our work, the dispersion of sunlight through a Fresnel lens and the nonparallelism and divergence of the incident light will lead to changes in the spectrum and the homogeneity of illumination, and cause a drop of the solar cell output. In this paper, the influence of the dispersion and nonparallel incidence of the light on the output of a triple-junction solar cell at different positions near the focal plane were theoretically studied, combined with the light-tracing simulation method and triple-junction solar cell circuit network model. The results show that the III–V triple-junction solar cell has the highest output power in both sides of the focal plane positions. The output power can be increased by about 15% after being optimized. The simulation results were verified by the experiments.
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Grena, Roberto, Michela Lanchi, Marco Frangella, Vittorio Ferraro, Valerio Marinelli i Marco D’Auria. "Thermal Analysis of Parabolic and Fresnel Linear Solar Collectors Using Compressed Gases as Heat Transfer Fluid in CSP Plants". Energies 17, nr 16 (6.08.2024): 3880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17163880.
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This study introduces the use of compressed air as a heat transfer fluid in small-scale, concentrated linear solar collector technology, evaluating its possible advantages over traditional fluids. This work assumes the adoption of readily available components for both linear parabolic trough and Fresnel collectors and the coupling of the solar field with Brayton cycles for power generation. The aim is to provide a theoretical analysis of the applicability of this novel solar plant configuration for small-scale electricity generation. Firstly, a lumped thermal model was developed in a MatLab® (v. 2023a) environment to assess the thermal performance of a PT collector with an evacuated receiver tube. This model was then modified to describe the performance of a Fresnel collector. The resulting optical–thermal model was validated through literature data and appears to provide realistic estimates of temperature distribution along the entire collector length, including both the receiver tube surface and the Fresnel collector’s secondary concentrator. The analysis shows a high thermal efficiency for both Fresnel and parabolic collectors, with average values above 0.9 (in different wind conditions). Th5s study also shows that the glass covering of the Fresnel evacuated receiver, under the conditions considered (solar field outlet temperature: 550 °C), reaches significant temperatures (above 300 °C). Furthermore, due to the presence of the secondary reflector, the temperature difference between the upper and the lower part of the glass envelope can be very high, well above 100 °C in the final part of the collector string. Differently, in the case of PTs, this temperature difference is quite limited (below 30 °C).
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Manikumar, R., i A. Valan Arasu. "Design Parameters Optimization and Theoretical Performance Analysis of Linear Fresnel Reflector Solar Concentrator with Multi Tube Absorber". Advanced Materials Research 984-985 (lipiec 2014): 807–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.984-985.807.
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Linear Fresnel reflector solar concentrator technology is similar to solar trough technology in which the sunlight is reflected by a series of mirrors onto an absorber tube, thus linear F resnel reflector solar concentrator , is a linear line concentrator. The performance of the system depends on the design parameters, mass flow rate, etc. In the present work, by using MATLAB simulation program, a detailed design parameters analysis including the effect of variation in the height of the absorber, width of the absorber plane and the width of the reflector mirror elements on the concentration on the surface of the absorber plane has been made. The width of the absorber plane was investigated by using analytical and ray tracing technique s . Then, the optimized width of the absorber plane was used to design the absorber tubes. Also, detailed thermal performance analysis for the above design has been made. Results have been plotted graphically and discussed.
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Ионова, Е. А., i Н. Ю. Давидюк. "Исследование фокусирующих свойств концентратора фотоэлектрического модуля в расширенном температурном диапазоне". Журнал технической физики 93, nr 1 (2023): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2023.01.54071.160-22.
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Abstract: In the current work properties of a solar radiance concentrator with Fresnel lens made of Elastosil RT604 silicon made by Wacker have been investigated. The dependence of concentrator focal distance on temperature has been determined. Impact of variation of temperature-dependent concentrator focusing properties on the magnitude of short current of photovoltaic submodule has been determined by direct measurements using solar simulator. Using formalized model of modules based on the studied concentrator and solar cells with three and six p-n junctions dimensions of a solar image in a wavelength range corresponding to an absorption profile of individual p-n junctions has been calculated for the temperature range 10-60 C. It has been concluded that in the case of three p-n junctions the minimum size of solar image at focal plane was 4.7 mm with the distance between the concentrator and solar cell being equal to 106.25 mm, and in the case of six p-n junctions, the minimum size was 4.8 mm with the distance between concentrator and solar cell being equal to 106.5 mm.
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Ionova E.A. i Davidyuk N. Y. "Investigation of focusing properties of photovoltaic module concentrator in a wide temperature range". Technical Physics 68, nr 1 (2023): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/tp.2023.01.55541.160-22.
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In the current work properties of a solar radiance concentrator with Fresnel lens made of Elastosil RT604 silicon made by Wacker have been investigated. The dependence of concentrator focal distance on temperature has been determined. Impact of variation of temperature-dependent concentrator focusing properties on the magnitude of short current of photovoltaic submodule has been determined by direct measurements using solar simulator. Using formalized model of modules based on the studied concentrator and solar cells with three and six p-n- junctions dimensions of a solar image in a wavelength range corresponding to an absorption profile of individual p-n- junctions has been calculated for the temperature range 10-60oC. It has been concluded that in the case of three p-n- junctions the minimum size of solar image at focal plane was 4.7 mm with the distance between the concentrator and solar cell being equal to 106.25 mm, and in the case of six p-n- junctions, the minimum size was 4.8 mm with the distance between concentrator and solar cell being equal to 106.5 mm. Keywords: silicone lens, Wacker RT604, concentrator photovoltaic module, multijunction solar cells.
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Chiromawa, Nura Liman, i Kamarulazizi Ibrahim. "Concept of Bee-Eyes Array of Fresnel Lenses as a Solar Photovoltaic Concentrator System". Journal of Photonics 2015 (2.03.2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/327342.
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This paper presents a proposal of a new configuration of an optical concentrator for photovoltaic application which may enhance the efficiency of solar cells. Bee-eyes array Fresnel lenses concentrator proposed here provide high concentration factor which is greater than1000x at the 20th zone. In addition, the system also provides room for increasing the number of zones to achieve the high concentration factor if needs arise. The transmission efficiency greater than 90% has been achieved with f-number of ≥1.25. Mathematical relations derived to obtain flux distribution at the absorber plane and the transmission efficiency as well as the position of the solar cell were used in the ray tracing simulations for 6, 18, 36, 60, 90, 126, 168, 216, 270, and 330 suns concentration systems. A transmission efficiency is linearly decreasing with the increase in the number of arrays in which the transmission efficiency of 94.42% was recorded at the array of 6 suns and 74.98% at 330 suns.
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Johnson, David W., James M. Krall, Ronald H. Delaney i Larry O. Pochop. "Response of Monocot and Dicot Weed Species to Fresnel Lens Concentrated Solar Radiation". Weed Science 37, nr 6 (listopad 1989): 797–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500072866.
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Fresnel lenses are used to concentrate solar radiation to a line or point. A linear Fresnel lens (0.91 by 1.52 m, 0.74-m focal length, 0.01- by 1.52-m line focus) was investigated as a method for weed control. Field experiments were conducted to assess the effect of Fresnel lens concentrated solar radiation at various exposure times, stages of plant growth, and soil surface moisture conditions. On a dry soil surface exposure times of 1 to 10 s at 290 C resulted in control of redroot pigweed from 100% for a 1-s exposure at the cotyledon stage to 89% for a 10-s exposure at the 10-leaf stage. Redroot pigweed and kochia control was similar at exposures of 3 to 10 s, but less for kochia at 1 and 2 s. Green foxtail control was less than that of kochia and redroot pigweed. Control was reduced on a moist compared to a dry soil surface. Concentrated solar radiation holds the greatest potential for control of small dicot weeds on a dry soil surface.
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Wang, Hai, Yanxin Hu, Jinqing Peng, Mengjie Song i Haoteng Li. "Effects of Receiver Parameters on Solar Flux Distribution for Triangle Cavity Receiver in the Fixed Linear-Focus Fresnel Lens Solar Concentrator". Sustainability 13, nr 11 (29.05.2021): 6139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116139.
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The objective of the study is to investigate and optimize the solar flux uniformity of a fixed linear-focus Fresnel lens solar concentrator using a triangle cavity receiver. The effects of receiver parameters including the vertical distance from the cavity opening plane to the Fresnel lens f, receiver internal surface absorptivity αab, end reflection plane reflectivity ρr, solar declination angle δ and solar angle ω on the uniformity factor (UF) of a triangle cavity receiver were carried out. The effects of receiver parameters are evaluated with a significance test of critical factors. The results showed that the increase in f and δ would result in an increase in the UF. The average UF with f = 600, 625, 650, 675 and 700 mm, respectively, are 0.5030, 0.5858, 0.6337, 0.6576 and 0.6784 for ω in range of 0–60°. Moreover, the UF increases as αab decreases when other receiver parameters are constant for the δ of 0–8°. The ρr has a limited effect on the UF until δ becomes relatively larger and ω becomes relatively smaller. Furthermore, ω effects are most significant on the UF, followed by δ, f and αab. Setting a suitable f is the most economical and effective way to improve the UF.
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Montanet, Edouard, Sylvain Rodat, Quentin Falcoz i Fabien Roget. "Experimental and Numerical Evaluation of Solar Receiver Heat Losses of a Commercial 9 MWe Linear Fresnel Power Plant". Energies 16, nr 23 (4.12.2023): 7912. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16237912.
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Evaluating the heat losses of linear Fresnel concentrator (LFC) receivers is crucial for determining plant efficiency and managing the flow rate in solar lines. This becomes particularly significant when operating in direct steam generation to manage the steam quality at the line outlet. In general, the LFC receiver heat losses are determined experimentally on prototype systems to control the inlet condition or numerically using 3D computational fluid dynamics models or 1D mathematical models. The originality of this work is in reporting the study of heat losses of a commercial 9 MWe solar Fresnel power plant without impacting its electricity production. The experimentally measured receiver’s linear heat losses were found to be well represented by a second-degree polynomial function of the difference between the inlet/outlet fluid temperature average and the ambient temperature. Finally, to express the strong influence of wind speed on the receiver heat losses, a 1D single-phase model was developed and adapted to include the current receiver degradation. To conclude, the model was validated by comparing the experimental and theoretical results. Based on this comparison, it can be concluded that the model accurately predicts experimental heat losses with an acceptable uncertainty of ±30%, regardless of the wind velocity.
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González-Mora, Eduardo, i Ma Dolores Durán-García. "Energy and Exergy (2E) Analysis of an Optimized Solar Field of Linear Fresnel Reflectors for a Conceptual Direct Steam Generation Power Plant". Energies 14, nr 14 (13.07.2021): 4234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144234.
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Direct steam generation is a promising alternative to conventional heat transfer fluids for solar thermal power plants using linear concentrators because water and steam do not have thermal and chemical stability problems. The novelty of this study, an energy and exergy (2E) analysis, was that it was performed on several configurations of a conceptual direct steam generation solar power plant with optimized Fresnel reflectors in Agua Prieta, Mexico coupled with a regenerative steam Rankine power cycle to quantify their efficiency and establish a reference for future implementation of this technology in concentrated solar power plants in Mexico. The thermal model was assumed to be a 1D steady-state flow and validated against results in the literature. It was then applied directly to a case study to determine the size of the solar field. The design point was the lowest solar irradiance day, and evaluating the solar multiple with the highest solar irradiance, taking care not to oversize the solar field, as suggested for solar plants without energy storage. Comparing the performance of the optimized Fresnel field against the FRESDEMO field of Plataforma Solar de Almería, a considerable decrease in the length of the loop has been demonstrated with a low reduction in thermal efficiency.
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Johnson, David W., James M. Krall, Ronald H. Delaney i David S. Thiel. "Response of Seed of 10 Weed Species to Fresnel-lens-concentrated Solar Radiation". Weed Technology 4, nr 1 (marzec 1990): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00025082.
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A curved-linear Fresnel lens was investigated to test the effect of concentrated solar radiation on surface and buried weed seed. The lens produced a line focus 1 by 150 cm with a mean temperature of 309 C. A 20-s exposure to seed on the soil surface was 100% lethal to green foxtail, kochia, common lambsquarters, common purslane, and wild buckwheat. In a separate study, emergence from kochia and yellow foxtail seed was reduced 100% at 10 mm soil depth after 15 min in soil of 35 and 93 g/kg moisture and 20 to 40% at 178 g/kg moisture content. Concentrated solar radiation from a Fresnel lens has the greatest potential for affecting weed seed on the soil surface. A series of Fresnel lenses and/or larger lenses may be required for many practical field applications.
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Grena, Roberto. "Geometrical Aspects of the Optics of Linear Fresnel Concentrators: A Review". Energies 17, nr 14 (19.07.2024): 3564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17143564.
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Linear Fresnel concentrators (LFR) are widely seen by the scientific community as one of the most promising systems for the production of solar energy via thermal plants or concentrated photovoltaics. The produced energy depends on the optical efficiency of the LFR, which is mainly dictated by the geometry of the plant. For this reason, the analysis of LFR geometry and its effects on optical behavior is a crucial step in the design and optimization of a Fresnel plant. The theoretical and computational tools used to model the optics of a LFR are fundamental in research on energy production. In this review, geometrical aspects of the optics of linear Fresnel concentrators are presented, with a detailed discussion of the parameters required to define the geometry of a plant and of the main optical concepts. After an overview of the literature on the subject, the main part of the review is dedicated to summarising useful formulas and outlining general procedures for optical simulations. These include (i) a ray-tracing procedure to simulate a mirror field, and (ii) a fast quasi-analytical method useful for optimizations and on-the-fly computations.
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Alamri, Yassir A., Saad Mahmoud, Raya Al-Dadah, Shivangi Sharma, J. N. Roy i Yulong Ding. "Optical Performance of Single Point-Focus Fresnel Lens Concentrator System for Multiple Multi-Junction Solar Cells—A Numerical Study". Energies 14, nr 14 (16.07.2021): 4301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144301.
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This paper investigates the potential of a new integrated solar concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) system that uses a solo point focus Fresnel lens for multiple multi-junction solar cells (MJSCs). The proposed system comprises of an FL concentrator as the primary optical element, a multi-leg homogeniser as the secondary optical element (SOE), a plano-concave lens, and four MJSCs. A three-dimensional model of this system was developed using the ray tracing method to predict the influence of aperture width, height, and position with respect to MJSCs of different reflective and refractive SOE on the overall optical efficiency of the system and the irradiance uniformity achieved on the MJSCs’ surfaces. The results show that the refractive homogeniser using N-BK7 glass can achieve higher optical efficiency (79%) compared to the reflective homogeniser (57.5%). In addition, the peak to average ratio of illumination at MJSCs for the reflective homogeniser ranges from 1.07 to 1.14, while for the refractive homogeniser, it ranges from 1.06 to 1.34, causing minimum effects on the electrical performance of the MJSCs. The novelty of this paper is the development of a high concentration CPV system that integrates multiple MJSCs with a uniform distribution of rays, unlike the conventional CPV systems that utilise a single concentrator onto a single MJSC. The optical efficiency of the CPV system was also examined using both the types of homogeniser (reflective and refractive).
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Bošnjaković, Mladen, i Vlado Tadijanović. "Environment impact of a concentrated solar power plant". Tehnički glasnik 13, nr 1 (23.03.2019): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31803/tg-20180911085644.
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More recently, there has been an increasing interest in the use of concentrated solar thermal energy for the production of electricity, but also for the use in cogeneration and trigeneration. In this sense, the increasing use of solar thermal energy in urban areas is expected, and its impact on the environment is inducing an increasing interest. The paper analyses the impact of concentrated solar power technology (linear Fresnel, parabolic trough, parabolic dish, and central tower) on the environment in terms of water consumption, land use, wasted heat, emissions of gases, emissions of pollutants that include the leakage of heat transfer fluid through pipelines and tanks, impact on flora and fauna, impact of noise and visual impact. The impact on the environment is different for different concentrated solar power technologies and depends on whether thermal energy storage is included in the plant. Water is mainly used for cooling the system, but also for cleaning the surface of the mirror. To reduce water consumption, other cooling technologies (e.g. air cooling) are being developed. The available data from the literature show large variances depending on the size of the plant, geographic location and applied technology.
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Cano-Nogueras, Javier, Javier Muñoz-Antón i José M. Martinez-Val. "A New Thermal-Solar Field Configuration: The Rotatory Fresnel Collector or Sundial". Energies 14, nr 14 (8.07.2021): 4139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144139.
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A new type of Fresnel array has been devised and constructed as an answer to the need to reduce the investment costs of solar thermal collectors, without jeopardizing their efficiency in capturing solar radiation at high temperatures. The array of mirror bands is fixed onto a horizontal platform, which rotates around a virtual vertical axis, so that the sun is in the extrapolated vertical plane of symmetry of the array. The receptor central line is also placed in said plane, and it is physically made of at least one tube at each side of the plane. The geometrical relation between the mirrors and the receptor is therefore fixed. The platform rotates with the same speed as that of the sunlight’s azimuthal component. On the contrary, the angle of incidence of the sunlight on the mirrors changes as the sun rises and declines in its daily apparent motion, but this effect does not disturb the radiation concentration kinematics, although it induces a shift along the receptor. This is a new configuration based on the use of simple and cheap flat mirrors to obtain circular cylindrical mirrors. These mirrors are made of originally flat mirrors that are bent by applying an inexpensive and simple bending technique patented by our research group. The radius of curvature of each mirror is tuned to the distance from the mirror to the receiver central line. The integration of different scientific domains (such as structural analysis) and elementary technologies (such as 3D printing) in this innovative solar radiation concentrator and receiver can lead to a large reduction in costs. Nevertheless, the first experimental campaign has shown additional problems in the receiver configuration, which should be addressed in a next stage of research. This paper explains the methodology used and procedures in the development of the first prototype of the Sundial.
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Starke, A. R., L. F. L. Lemos, S. Colle, R. F. Reinaldo, J. M. Cardemil i R. Escobar. "A METHODOLOGY FOR SIMULATION AND ASSESSMENT OF CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER PLANTS". Revista de Engenharia Térmica 15, nr 1 (30.06.2016): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v15i1.62162.
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A thermal analysis of Concentrated Solar Power plants is conducted considering parabolic trough collectors (PTC), linear Fresnel collectors using direct steam generation scheme (LFC-DSG) and central receiver system using both molten nitrate salts (CRS-MNS) direct steam generation (CRS-DSG). The plant capacities were ranged from 50 to 800 MWth and the analysis focuses on the environmental conditions of selected locations in South America. Thus, the study considers a parametric analysis of the main design parameter for different plant scales, in terms of the thermal performance indicators as solar field aperture area, power block rating capacity and plant annual efficiencies. The annual production of the plants is calculated by using the Transient System Simulation program (TRNSYS), which considers a new component library developed for that purpose. This library is based in the open access models developed by the U.S National Renewable Energy Laboratory and currently employed by the System Advisor Model (SAM) program. In addition, a new fluid properties subroutine compatible with TRNSYS codes standards was developed, which uses the freeware CoolProp library. These approaches allowed to modify and create new configurations for CSP plants, e.g. thermal storage for the DSG scheme.
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Vashchyshak, I. R., i V. S. Tsykh. "Improving the energy efficiency of a solar power plant". Oil and Gas Power Engineering, nr 1(33) (3.09.2020): 132–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9868-2020-1(33)-132-142.
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The urgency of the work is due to the feasibility of increasing the energy efficiency of solar power plants through the use of solar energy concentrators. Ways to improve the energy efficiency of solar panels using a sys-tem of directional mirrors, flat Fresnel lenses, spherical concentrators and trackers have been investigated. It is established that the most optimal way to improve the energy efficiency of solar panels is to use inexpensive track-ers with a simple design. The analysis of known types of solar panels, which differ in materials from which their elements are made, and the coefficients of efficiency – dependence of energy produced by a photocell on the intensity of solar radiation per unit of its surface has been carried out, and the type of solar panels by the criterion “price-quality” has been selected. A tracker design has been developed to track the angle of inclination of solar panels to increase efficiency. The electricity generated by the proposed solar power plant was calculated using an online calculator. It is projected to reduce losses when generating electricity for a given power plant due to the use of a tracker compared to a fixed power system, with the same number of solar panels. In order to reduce the cost of the tracker, it is suggested to orientate it to the south at once, and to change the inclination angles twice a year (in early April and late August). The energy efficiency of the power plant is calculated in two stages. At the first stage the amount of electricity from solar panels per year when adjusting only the angle of inclination of the panels to the south is calculated. At the second stage energy efficiency of the power plant is calculated taking into account the increase of energy efficiency of the solar power plant when using the tracker system. The calculated electricity generation of the proposed solar power plant with tracker confirmed the efficiency and feasibility of using the designed tracker system. The application of the designed tracker system allows to increase the energy efficiency of solar panels by an average of 25%.
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Elmorsy, Louay, Tatiana Morosuk i George Tsatsaronis. "Exergy-Based Analysis and Optimization of an Integrated Solar Combined-Cycle Power Plant". Entropy 22, nr 6 (13.06.2020): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22060655.
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The transition towards higher shares of electricity generation from renewable energy sources is shown to be significantly slower in developing countries with low-cost fossil fuel resources. Integrating conventional power plants with concentrated solar power may facilitate the transition towards a more sustainable power production. In this paper, a novel natural gas-fired integrated solar combined-cycle power plant was proposed, evaluated, and optimized with exergy-based methods. The proposed system utilizes the advantages of combined-cycle power plants, direct steam generation, and linear Fresnel collectors to provide 475 MW baseload power in Aswan, Egypt. The proposed system is found to reach exergetic efficiencies of 50.7% and 58.1% for day and night operations, respectively. In economic analysis, a weighted average levelized cost of electricity of 40.0 $/MWh based on the number of day and night operation hours is identified. In exergoeconomic analysis, the costs of thermodynamic inefficiencies were identified and compared to the component cost rates. Different measures for component cost reduction and performance enhancement were identified and applied. Using iterative exergoeconomic optimization, the levelized cost of electricity is reduced to a weighted average of 39.2 $/MWh and a specific investment cost of 1088 $/kW. Finally, the proposed system is found to be competitive with existing integrated solar combined-cycle plants, while allowing a significantly higher solar share of 17% of the installed capacity.
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Cioccolanti, Luca, Simone De Grandis, Roberto Tascioni, Matteo Pirro i Alessandro Freddi. "Development of a Fuzzy Logic Controller for Small-Scale Solar Organic Rankine Cycle Cogeneration Plants". Applied Sciences 11, nr 12 (13.06.2021): 5491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125491.
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Solar energy is widely recognized as one of the most attractive renewable energy sources to support the transition toward a decarbonized society. Use of low- and medium-temperature concentrated solar technologies makes decentralized power production of combined heating and power (CHP) an alternative to conventional energy conversion systems. However, because of the changes in solar radiation and the inertia of the different subsystems, the operation control of concentrated solar power (CSP) plants is fundamental to increasing their overall conversion efficiency and improving reliability. Therefore, in this study, the operation control of a micro-scale CHP plant consisting of a linear Fresnel reflector solar field, an organic Rankine cycle unit, and a phase change material thermal energy storage tank, as designed and built under the EU-funded Innova Microsolar project by a consortium of universities and companies, is investigated. In particular, a fuzzy logic control is developed in MATLAB/Simulink by the authors in order to (i) initially recognize the type of user according to the related energy consumption profile by means of a neural network and (ii) optimize the thermal-load-following approach by introducing a set of fuzzy rules to switch among the different operation modes. Annual simulations are performed by combining the plant with different thermal load profiles. In general, the analysis shows that that the proposed fuzzy logic control increases the contribution of the TES unit in supplying the ORC unit, while reducing the number of switches between the different OMs. Furthermore, when connected with a residential user load profile, the overall electrical and thermal energy production of the plant increases. Hence, the developed control logic proves to have good potential in increasing the energy efficiency of low- and medium-temperature concentrated solar ORC systems when integrated into the built environment.
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de Sousa Torres, Guilherme, Tulio Andre Pereira de Oliveira, Anesio de Leles Ferreira Filho, Fernando Cardoso Melo i Elder Geraldo Domingues. "Techno-Economic Assessment of Concentrated Solar and Photovoltaic Power Plants in Brazil". Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 19 (wrzesień 2021): 583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj19.353.
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The need for a diverse energy matrix has been promoting a favorable environment for integrating new renewable energy sources, such as Concentrated Solar Power plants (CSPs). Nonetheless, as a consequence of the incipient solar generation via CSPs in Brazil, there is a unsatisfactory number of researches that handle technical and economic assessments of CSP plants performance on this country. Given this scenario, this study proposes an assessment of the technoeconomic viability of the implementation of 100 MW CSP plants in Brazil, considering the Solar Tower (ST) systems, Parabolic Trough Collectors (PTC), Linear Fresnel (LFR) Reflectors and Dish Stirling (DS) Systems, and comparing the results to a photovoltaic (PV) plant. This study utilizes project data of power plants collected from the relevant literature and applies it to the city of Bom Jesus da Lapa, Brazil. The CSP techno-economic viability is evaluated through the analysis of the annual energy generated, as well as the economic viability indicators, such as the Net Present Value, the Internal Rate of Return, the Discounted Payback and the Levelized Cost of Energy, and through a single-variable sensitivity analysis. This analysis employs the discounted cash flow model, considering the energy trade in a Regulated Contracting Environment
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Shepovalova, Olga, Andrey Izmailov, Yakov Lobachevsky i Alexey Dorokhov. "High-Efficiency Photovoltaic Equipment for Agriculture Power Supply". Agriculture 13, nr 6 (12.06.2023): 1234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13061234.
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Developing an energy supply based on resources whose use does not spoil the noosphere and the creation of such energy supply of efficient equipment whose operation does not cause any damage to nature and man is an urgent task. The need for such an approach is especially relevant and noticeable in agriculture. This article presents the final results of complex studies of new PV devices and PV systems based on them. Considered in the article are the best solutions we propose to improve PV equipment and make it more attractive for agricultural consumers. The developed vertical and planar high-voltage multijunction silicon PV cells and PV modules on their basis are presented. The first type of modules have a maximum power point voltage of up to 1000 V, specific power of up to 0.245 ± 0.01 W/cm2, and efficiency of up to 25.3% under a concentration ratio range of 10–100 suns. The samples of the second module type (60,156.75 × 156.75 mm PV cells) have an open-circuit voltage of 439.7 V, a short-circuit current of 0.933 A, and a maximum power of 348 W. Additionally, two types of newly designed solar energy concentrators are described in this article: one-dimensional double-wing concentrator ensuring low Fresnel optical losses and multi-zone parabolotoric microconcentrator with the uniform radiation distribution in the focal region, as well as modules based on these concentrators and the developed PV cells. For PV modules, the maximum power degradation is 0.2–0.24% per year in a wet ammonia environment. For concentrating PV modules, this degradation is 0.22–0.37% per year. This article sets out the principles of increasing the efficiency of PV systems by increasing the level of systematization and expanding the boundaries of PV systems. The thus-created PV systems satisfy 30–50% more consumer needs. Thanks to a higher output voltage and other specific features of the developed modules, PV system loss decreased by 12–15%, and maintenance losses also decreased.
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VU, Thi Nghiem, Quoc Tien TRAN, Quang Cong TONG, Manh Hieu NGUYEN, Ngoc Minh KIEU, Ngoc Hai VU, Hoang VU i Shin SEOYONG. "Development of a solar/LED lighting system for a plant tissue culture room". Journal of Vietnamese Environment 12, nr 2 (12.11.2020): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.13141/jve.vol12.no2.pp142-147.
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As the green energy, sunlight provides a friendly-environment and reduces electricity used for lighting. Our target is to enhance the use of natural energy and minimize the consumption of electricity for improving indoor environments. For this reason, a hybrid lighting system, combining sunlight with LEDs for plant tissue culture, are presented. The optical fiber daylighting system consists of three main parts: concentration, collimation beam, and transportation. The concentration part is formed by Fresnel lenses to collect and focus the sunlight into a small area by a non-imaging optical effect. The collimation part consists of optical filters and collimator lenses; the optical filters are used to reflect the ultraviolet (UV) and near infrared (NIR) regions, therefore, only the visible range of the solar light can be transmitted. The transportation part is a large-core optical fiber bundle. To increase the coupling efficiency, the collimator lens is used to expand and to collimate the focused light beam. The collimated light beam is then transported by the optical fiber bundle into a plant tissue culture room. In order to keep the plant tissue culture room at a constant illumination, a lighting control system based on LEDs is used to compensate variations of the natural light. In this paper, a prototype of optical fiber daylighting system and our proposed application will be presented.
Ánh sáng mặt trời, một nguồn năng lượng xanh, được sử dụng cho chiếu sáng nhằm mang lại nguồn ánh sáng thân thiện với môi trường và giảm điện năng. Mục tiêu của chúng tôi là tăng cường sử dụng năng lượng tự nhiên và linh kiện tiêu thụ điện thấp để cải thiện môi trường ánh sáng trong nhà và giảm tiêu thụ điện cho chiếu sáng. Vì lý do này, một hệ thống chiếu sáng kết hợp ánh sáng mặt trời với đèn LED để nuôi cấy mô thực vật sẽ được trình bày. Hệ thống chiếu sáng ban ngày bằng sợi quang bao gồm ba phần chính:Bộ phận thu nhận và hội tụ ánh sáng, bộ phận chuẩn trực chùm sáng và bộ phận vận chuyển ánh sáng mặt trời tới nơi cần chiếu sáng. Phần tập trung được hình thành bởi một thấu kính Fresnel để thu thập và hội tụ ánh sáng mặt trời vào một vùng nhỏ bằng hiệu ứng quang học không tạo ảnh. Bộ phận chuẩn trực chumg sáng bao gồm bộ lọc quang học và thấu kính chuẩn trực. Bộ phận vận chuyển là các bó sợi quang lõi lớn. Bộ lọc quang học được sử dụng để phản xạ vùng cực tím (UV) và vùng hồng ngoại gần (NIR), chỉ cho phần ánh sáng nhìn thấy truyền qua. Để tăng hiệu quả ghép nối, thấu kính chuẩn trực được sử dụng để mở rộng và chuẩn trực chùm ánh sáng hội tụ. Chùm sáng chuẩn trực sau đó được vận chuyển bởi bó sợi quang vào phòng nuôi cấy mô thực vật. Để giữ cho phòng nuôi cấy mô thực vật được chiếu sáng liên tục, một hệ thống điều khiển ánh sáng dựa trên đèn LED để bù lại sự biến đổi của ánh sáng tự nhiên. Trong bài báo này, một nguyên mẫu của hệ thống chiếu sáng ban ngày bằng sợi quang và ứng dụng đề xuất của hệ thống sẽ được trình bày.
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Kamerling, Simon, Valéry Vuillerme i Sylvain Rodat. "Solar Field Output Temperature Optimization Using a MILP Algorithm and a 0D Model in the Case of a Hybrid Concentrated Solar Thermal Power Plant for SHIP Applications". Energies 14, nr 13 (22.06.2021): 3731. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133731.
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Using solar power for industrial process heat is an increasing trend to fight against climate change thanks to renewable heat. Process heat demand and solar flux can both present intermittency issues in industrial systems, therefore solar systems with storage introduce a degree of freedom on which optimization, on a mathematical basis, can be performed. As the efficiency of solar thermal receivers varies as a function of temperature and solar flux, it seems natural to consider an optimization on the operating temperature of the solar field. In this paper, a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) algorithm is developed to optimize the operating temperature in a system consisting of a concentrated solar thermal field with storage, hybridized with a boiler. The MILP algorithm optimizes the control trajectory on a time horizon of 48 h in order to minimize boiler use. Objective function corresponds to the boiler use, for completion of the heat from the solar field, whereas the linear constraints are a simplified representation of the system. The solar field mass flow rate is the optimization variable which is directly linked to the outlet temperature of the solar field. The control trajectory consists of the solar field mass flow rate and outlet temperature, along with the auxiliary mass flow rate going directly to the boiler. The control trajectory is then injected in a 0D model of the plant which performs more detailed calculations. For the purpose of the study, a Linear Fresnel system is investigated, with generic heat demand curves and constant temperature demand. The value of the developed algorithm is compared with two other control approaches: one operating at the nominal solar field output temperature, and the other one operating at the actual demand mass flow rate. Finally, a case study and a sensitivity analysis are presented. The MILP’s control shows to be more performant, up to a relative increase of the annual solar fraction of 4% at 350 °C process temperature. Novelty of this work resides in the MILP optimization of temperature levels presenting high non-linearities, applied to a solar thermal system with storage for process heat applications.
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Palladino, Valeria, Marialaura Di Somma, Carmine Cancro, Walter Gaggioli, Maurizio De Lucia, Marco D’Auria, Michela Lanchi i in. "Innovative Industrial Solutions for Improving the Technical/Economic Competitiveness of Concentrated Solar Power". Energies 17, nr 2 (10.01.2024): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17020360.
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The modernization, efficiency, and decarbonization of the energy supply systems are among the new challenges to be faced in the coming decades to achieve the targets and objectives dictated by European strategic policies. Despite the countless benefits related to renewable energy sources (RES) integration, this brings key challenges to the power system, such as the risk of imbalance between energy generation and demand, sudden changes in flows in transmission lines with a need for expensive and time-consuming upgrades, and the withdrawal of conventional generation systems with consequent demands for new solutions and innovation to support grid services. A potential solution to limit the huge intermittence and fluctuation in power generation from RES is Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) technology integrated with thermal energy storage. The aim of this paper is to discuss the potential benefits related to the use of CSP technology by presenting innovative industrial solutions developed in the Italian SOLARGRID Project, namely the hybridization of CSP–PV systems and the solar thermo-electric system developed by MAGALDI, the parabolic trough collector of Eni, and the new linear Fresnel reflector configuration of IDEA S.r.l. These plant and component solutions are developed for improving the technical performance of CSP technology and reducing the levelized cost of electricity, thereby fostering an effective and massive deployment and encouraging the creation of new business models.
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Kamel, Salah, Ephraim Bonah Agyekum, Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo, Ibrahim B. M. Taha, Bright Akwasi Gyamfi i Salam J. Yaqoob. "Comparative Analysis of Rankine Cycle Linear Fresnel Reflector and Solar Tower Plant Technologies: Techno-Economic Analysis for Ethiopia". Sustainability 14, nr 3 (1.02.2022): 1677. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031677.
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The need to meet the world’s growing demand for energy in an environmentally sustainable manner has led to the exploration of various renewable energy (RE) resources for power generation. The objective of this study is to examine the techno-economic potential of concentrated solar power plants (i.e., linear Fresnel reflector (LFR) and central receiver system (CRS) for electricity generation in Eastern African countries with a case study on Ethiopia. The study was conducted using the System Advisor Model (SAM). In order to estimate the economics of the two power plants, the Levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and the net present value (NPV) metrics were used. According to results obtained from the simulations, the LFR produced annual energy of 528 TWh at a capacity factor (CF) of 60.3%. The CRS also produced a total of 540 TWh at a CF of 61.9%. The LCOE (real) for the CRS is found to be 9.44 cent/kWh against 10.35 cent/kWh for the LFR. The NPV for both technologies is found to be positive for inflation rates of 2% and below. An inflation rate above 2% renders the two power plants financially impracticable. A real discount rate above 9% also renders both projects economically unviable. Based on the obtained results, the CRS system is identified as the best technology for electricity generation under the Jijiga climatic condition in Ethiopia.
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Liaqat, Kashif, i Juan C. Ordonez. "Design and optimization of CSP power plants for Pakistan: a comparative study". Clean Energy 7, nr 3 (20.05.2023): 690–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkad018.
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Abstract Despite having very high solar irradiance, Pakistan still does not have any installed concentrated solar power (CSP) plant. Several studies have shown that multiple locations within the country are suitable for CSP plants, but there is limited availability of comprehensive comparative studies. Therefore, this article presents a comparative analysis of different CSP technologies in Pakistan, focusing on their potential to address the country’s energy crisis. The study evaluates the pros and cons of different CSP technologies at various locations through site assessment, modelling, optimization and economic analysis using the System Advisor Model. Quetta and Nawabshah were selected as the locations for modelling multiple scenarios of 100-MW plants, using central receiver systems, parabolic trough collectors and linear Fresnel reflectors. The plants were integrated with thermal energy storage and the storage capacity was optimized using parametric analysis. The results showed that a central receiver system for the location of Quetta was the most favourable option, with an annual energy yield of 622 GWh at 7.44 cents/kWh, followed by a central receiver system for Nawabshah (608 GWh, 9.03 cents/kWh). This study is the first to show that switching between line-concentrated and point-concentrated CSP technologies can open new opportunities for sites in Pakistan with relatively high solar resources, resulting in a 21.3% reduction in the levelized cost.
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Aljudaya, Ahmed, Stavros Michailos, Derek B. Ingham, Kevin J. Hughes, Lin Ma i Mohamed Pourkashanian. "Techno-Economic Assessment of Molten Salt-Based Concentrated Solar Power: Case Study of Linear Fresnel Reflector with a Fossil Fuel Backup under Saudi Arabia’s Climate Conditions". Energies 17, nr 11 (3.06.2024): 2719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17112719.
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Concentrated solar power (CSP) has gained traction for generating electricity at high capacity and meeting base-load energy demands in the energy mix market in a cost-effective manner. The linear Fresnel reflector (LFR) is valued for its cost-effectiveness, reduced capital and operational expenses, and limited land impact compared to alternatives such as the parabolic trough collector (PTC). To this end, the aim of this study is to optimize the operational parameters, such as the solar multiple (SM), thermal energy storage (TES), and fossil fuel (FF) backup system, in LFR power plants using molten salt as a heat transfer fluid (HTF). A 50 MW LFR power plant in Duba, Saudi Arabia, serves as a case study, with a Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI) above 2500 kWh/m2. About 600 SM-TES configurations are analyzed with the aim of minimizing the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE). The analysis shows that a solar-only plant can achieve a low LCOE of 11.92 ¢/kWh with a capacity factor (CF) up to 36%, generating around 131 GWh/y. By utilizing a TES system, the SM of 3.5 and a 15 h duration TES provides the optimum integration by increasing the annual energy generation (AEG) to 337 GWh, lowering the LCOE to 9.24 ¢/kWh, and boosting the CF to 86%. The techno-economic optimization reveals the superiority of the LFR with substantial TES over solar-only systems, exhibiting a 300% increase in annual energy output and a 20% reduction in LCOE. Additionally, employing the FF backup system at 64% of the turbine’s rated capacity boosts AEG by 17%, accompanied by a 5% LCOE reduction. However, this enhancement comes with a trade-off, involving burning a substantial amount of natural gas (503,429 MMBtu), leading to greenhouse gas emissions totaling 14,185 tonnes CO₂ eq. This comprehensive analysis is a first-of-a-kind study and provides insights into the optimal designs of LFR power plants and addresses thermal, economic, and environmental considerations of utilizing molten salt with a large TES system as well as employing natural gas backup. The outcomes of the research address a wide audience including academics, operators, and policy makers.
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Albarqi, Abdullah S., i Alberto Boretti. "Design of a 100 MW Concentrated Solar Power Linear Fresnel plant with Molten Salt Thermal Energy Storage in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia". Universal Journal of Mechanical Engineering 8, nr 4 (lipiec 2020): 216–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/ujme.2020.080407.
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Arteconi, Alessia, Luca Del Zotto, Roberto Tascioni, Khamid Mahkamov, Chris Underwood, Luisa Cabeza, Jose Maldonado i in. "Multi-Country Analysis on Energy Savings in Buildings by Means of a Micro-Solar Organic Rankine Cycle System: A Simulation Study". Environments 5, nr 11 (2.11.2018): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments5110119.
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In this paper, the smart management of buildings energy use by means of an innovative renewable micro-cogeneration system is investigated. The system consists of a concentrated linear Fresnel reflectors solar field coupled with a phase change material thermal energy storage tank and a 2 kWe/18 kWth organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system. The microsolar ORC was designed to supply both electricity and thermal energy demand to residential dwellings to reduce their primary energy use. In this analysis, the achievable energy and operational cost savings through the proposed plant with respect to traditional technologies (i.e., condensing boilers and electricity grid) were assessed by means of simulations. The influence of the climate and latitude of the installation was taken into account to assess the performance and the potential of such system across Europe and specifically in Spain, Italy, France, Germany, U.K., and Sweden. Results show that the proposed plant can satisfy about 80% of the overall energy demand of a 100 m2 dwelling in southern Europe, while the energy demand coverage drops to 34% in the worst scenario in northern Europe. The corresponding operational cost savings amount to 87% for a dwelling in the south and at 33% for one in the north.
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Valencia-Chapi, Robert, Luis Coco-Enríquez i Javier Muñoz-Antón. "Supercritical CO2 Mixtures for Advanced Brayton Power Cycles in Line-Focusing Solar Power Plants". Applied Sciences 10, nr 1 (19.12.2019): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10010055.
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This work quantifies the impact of using sCO2-mixtures (s-CO2/He, s-CO2/Kr, s-CO2/H2S, s-CO2/CH4, s-CO2/C2H6, s-CO2/C3H8, s-CO2/C4H8, s-CO2/C4H10, s-CO2/C5H10, s-CO2/C5H12 and s-CO2/C6H6) as the working fluid in the supercritical CO2 recompression Brayton cycle coupled with line-focusing solar power plants (with parabolic trough collectors (PTC) or linear Fresnel (LF)). Design parameters assessed are the solar plant performance at the design point, heat exchange dimensions, solar field aperture area, and cost variations in relation with admixtures mole fraction. The adopted methodology for the plant performance calculation is setting a constant heat recuperator total conductance (UAtotal). The main conclusion of this work is that the power cycle thermodynamic efficiency improves by about 3–4%, on a scale comparable to increasing the turbine inlet temperature when the cycle utilizes the mentioned sCO2-mixtures as the working fluid. On one hand, the substances He, Kr, CH4, and C2H6 reduce the critical temperature to approximately 273.15 K; in this scenario, the thermal efficiency is improved from 49% to 53% with pure s-CO2. This solution is very suitable for concentrated solar power plants coupled to s-CO2 Brayton power cycles (CSP-sCO2) with night sky cooling. On the other hand, when adopting an air-cooled heat exchanger (dry-cooling) as the ultimate heat sink, the critical temperatures studied at compressor inlet are from 318.15 K to 333.15 K, for this scenario other substances (C3H8, C4H8, C4H10, C5H10, C5H12 and C6H6) were analyzed. Thermodynamic results confirmed that the Brayton cycle efficiency also increased by about 3–4%. Since the ambient temperature variation plays an important role in solar power plants with dry-cooling systems, a CIT sensitivity analysis was also conducted, which constitutes the first approach to defining the optimum working fluid mixture for a given operating condition.
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Li, Guiqiang, i Yi Jin. "Optical Simulation and Experimental Verification of a Fresnel Solar Concentrator with a New Hybrid Second Optical Element". International Journal of Photoenergy 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4970256.
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Fresnel solar concentrator is one of the most common solar concentrators in solar applications. For high Fresnel concentrating PV or PV/T systems, the second optical element (SOE) is the key component for the high optical efficiency at a wider deflection angle, which is important for overcoming unavoidable errors from the tacking system, the Fresnel lens processing and installment technology, and so forth. In this paper, a new hybrid SOE was designed to match the Fresnel solar concentrator with the concentration ratio of 1090x. The ray-tracing technology was employed to indicate the optical properties. The simulation outcome showed that the Fresnel solar concentrator with the new hybrid SOE has a wider deflection angle scope with the high optical efficiency. Furthermore, the flux distribution with different deviation angles was also analyzed. In addition, the experiment of the Fresnel solar concentrator with the hybrid SOE under outdoor condition was carried out. The verifications from the electrical and thermal outputs were all made to analyze the optical efficiency comprehensively. The optical efficiency resulting from the experiment is found to be consistent with that from the simulation.
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Feuermann, D., i J. M. Gordon. "Analysis of a Two-Stage Linear Fresnel Reflector Solar Concentrator". Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 113, nr 4 (1.11.1991): 272–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2929973.
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The two-stage linear Fresnel reflector solar concentrator is analyzed via an in-depth study of an installed, nominally 220 KWt system. The concentrator includes: (1) a primary linear Fresnel reflector comprised of curved mirrors and (2) a secondary nonimaging CPC-type trough with a tubular receiver. The principal practical design options for the secondary concentrator are evaluated. Via a computer simulation which includes ray-tracing of the primary reflector, we evaluate the sensitivity of energy output to: concentrator optical errors, system geometry, tracking mode, and the option of using flat versus curved primary mirrors. The two-stage Fresnel concentrator can be considerably less expensive than the corresponding parabolic trough collector, but is found to deliver about one-fourth less yearly energy. However, much of this difference could be eliminated through the use of higher-quality CPC reflectors.
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Al-Barqi, Abdullah S., Nikolay Bukharin, Bouchaib Zazoum i Mouhammad El Hassan. "Design of a 100 MW concentrated solar power Linear Fresnel plant in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A comparison between molten salt and liquid sodium thermal energy storage". Energy Reports 8 (listopad 2022): 697–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.08.055.
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H. Shneishil, Alaa, Emad J. Mahdi i Mohammed A. Hantosh. "Evaluation the Performance of CPV with Different Concentration Ratio". Mustansiriyah Journal for Sciences and Education 20, nr 5 (6.06.2019): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.47831/mjse.v20i5.670.
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The present work aims at decrease the cost of the photovoltaic (PV) solar system by decreasing the area of expensive solar cells by low cost optical concentrators that give the same output power. Output power of two types’ monocrystalline and polycrystalline silicon solar cells has been measured with and without presence of linear focus Fresnel lenses (FL) with different concentration ratios. Cooling system has been used to decrease the effect of temperature on solar cell performance. The results indicated that the increase in the output power is about 5.3 times by using Fresnel lens concentrator without using cooling system in comparison with solar cell without concentrator, while it is about 14.6 times by using cooling system. The efficiency of monocrystalline solar cell without cooling system is about 11.2% for solar irradiance 0.698 kW/m2, this value decrease to 3.3% for solar irradiance 12.4 kW/m2 and concentration ratio 17.7 by using Fresnel lens concentrator, while when using cooling system the efficiency enhance to 12.9% and 8.8% for solar irradiance 0.698 and 12.4, respectively.
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Sen, P. K., K. Ashutosh, K. Bhuwanesh, Z. Engineer, S. Hegde, P. V. Sen i P. Davies. "Linear Fresnel Mirror Solar Concentrator with Tracking". Procedia Engineering 56 (2013): 613–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2013.03.167.
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Facao, J., i A. C. Oliveira. "Simulation of a linear Fresnel solar collector concentrator". International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies 5, nr 3 (13.04.2010): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctq011.
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Cheng, Y., X. D. Zhang i G. X. Zhang. "Design and machining of Fresnel solar concentrator surfaces". International Journal of Precision Technology 3, nr 4 (2013): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijptech.2013.058257.
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Xu, Ning, Zhongzhu Qiu, Jingkui Zhang, Qunzhi Zhu, Tao Zhang, Jingyong Cai, Xingrui Ni, Miaomiao Zhang, Guoheng Tan i Tianrui Lu. "Performance analysis of a novel solar Linear Fresnel concentrator system based on spectral beam splitting". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2757, nr 1 (1.05.2024): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2757/1/012003.
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Abstract Photothermal and photovoltaic are the most common and commercialized ways of utilizing solar energy. However, they cannot use solar energy efficiently. SBS (spectral beam splitting) technology is an efficient solar energy utilization technology that can realize the full spectrum utilization of solar energy. The current work involved: (1) Proposing a SBS-LFCs (linear Fresnel concentrator system) based on spectral beam splitting. In this system, the SBS photovoltaic panel replaces the conventional linear Fresnel concentrator lens, which can realize photovoltaic and photothermal utilization at the same time; (2) Developing a spectral splitting thin films configuration using the Needle method whose transmittance is higher than 90% against 380 nm-1100 nm band range; (3) Designing the SBS photovoltaic panel structure. The cover glass surface is covered with a SBS thin film. The SBS photovoltaic panel replaces the concentrator lens of LFCs; (4) Taking four typical days as examples, the annual power generation of a SBS linear Fresnel focusing system was predicted. The outcome indicates that the total conversion efficiency of solar thermal power in the system is 23.8%, 23.5%, 23.5%, and 23.6% on the spring equinox, summer solstice, autumn equinox, and winter solstice, respectively. Compared to conventional monocrystalline silicon cells, the photoelectric conversion efficiency has been improved by 14.6%, 12.8%, 12.5%, and 14.1%, respectively.
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Journal, Baghdad Science. "Parabola Dish and Cassegrain Concentrators to Improve Solar Cell Conversion Efficiency". Baghdad Science Journal 8, nr 2 (12.06.2011): 571–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.8.2.571-576.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
New designs of solar using ray tracing program, have been presented for improved the performance and the out put power of the silicon solar cell, as well as reducing the cost of system working by solar energy. Two dimensional solar concentrator (Fresnel lenses) and three dimensional concentrators (parabola dish and cassegrain) were used as concentrator for photovoltaic applications (CPV). The results show that the performance efficiency and out power for crystalline silicon solar cells are improved.
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AL-Hamdani, Ali H., Batool D. Blawa i S. K. AL-Ani. "Parabola Dish and Cassegrain Concentrators to Improve Solar Cell Conversion Efficiency". Baghdad Science Journal 8, nr 2 (12.06.2011): 571–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2011.8.2.571-576.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
New designs of solar using ray tracing program, have been presented for improved the performance and the out put power of the silicon solar cell, as well as reducing the cost of system working by solar energy. Two dimensional solar concentrator (Fresnel lenses) and three dimensional concentrators (parabola dish and cassegrain) were used as concentrator for photovoltaic applications (CPV). The results show that the performance efficiency and out power for crystalline silicon solar cells are improved.
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Abba, Christian, S. U. Muhammad i Mary Samuel. "Development and Performance Evaluation of a Linear Fresnel Concentrator for Heating Water". Nigerian Journal of Physics 33, S (30.06.2024): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.62292/njp.v33(s).2024.255.
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Linear Fresnel Concentrator is a type of solar concentrator that uses a series of flat or slightly curved mirrors to focus sunlight onto a linear receiver tube. “The Development and Performance Evaluation of a Linear Fresnel Concentrator (LFC) for heating water was evaluated.” The LFC system utilizes locally sourced materials to develop the solar tracking system, automated control and a water heating system to optimize energy output. Performance evaluation results shows hourly readings of the ambient, absorber and reservoir temperatures which were recorded between 9:00 am and 04:00 pm but between the hours of 12:00 pm and 4.00 pm, hot water temperatures of above 50oC were achieved. Moreover, the maximum hot water temperature achieved was 96.69oC while the peak hot water temperature was 93.98oC and a thermal efficiency of 40.27%. Readings were taken for a period four days. Hence, the automated LFC system demonstrates the potential for cost-effective and sustainable water heating, particularly in regions with high solar irradiance.
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Jing, Lei, Hua Liu, Huifu Zhao, Zhenwu Lu, Hongsheng Wu, He Wang i Jialin Xu. "Design of Novel Compound Fresnel Lens for High-Performance Photovoltaic Concentrator". International Journal of Photoenergy 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/630692.
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We present a new design of compound Fresnel-R concentrator which is composed of two lenses: a primary lens (Fresnel lens) that works by total internal reflection at outer sawteeth but refraction at inner sawteeth, and a ringed secondary lens that works by refraction. In contrast to previous Fresnel lens concentrators, this design increases the acceptance angle, improves the irradiance uniformity on the solar cell, and reduces the aspect ratio significantly. Meanwhile several sawteeth of the primary Fresnel lens can correspond to a same ring of secondary lens, which will efficiently lower the complexity of designing and manufacturing. Moreover, in order to reduce the influence of manufacturing tolerances and to increase the optical efficiency further, the central part of the bottom of the secondary lens which directly adhered to the solar cell is designed as a cone-shaped prism to collect the sunlight that does not reach the solar cell. Finally, we provide simulations and analyses of the design method an optical efficiency more than 80% and an aspect ratio smaller than 0.5 can be achieved.
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Fernández-Reche, Jesús, Loreto Valenzuela i Diego Pulido-Iparraguirre. "Measuring Concentrated Solar Radiation Flux in a Linear Fresnel-Type Solar Collector". Solar 2, nr 4 (23.09.2022): 401–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/solar2040024.
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Linear Fresnel solar collectors are a promising and emerging solution to contribute to renewable heat supply in industrial processes with thermal energy demand in the medium temperature range (<250 °C). An innovative linear Fresnel collector (LFC) prototype has been designed, patented, and built at the Plataforma Solar de Almería (PSA), Spain. This work presents the applied methodology, experimental device, and results obtained in the measurement of the flux density of concentrated solar radiation in the focal plane of the solar collector. The experimental results confirm that an average flux density of (9.8 ± 0.6) kW/m2 was obtained with a direct normal solar irradiance of (870 ± 10) W/m2 in tests performed in May 2002, which is a result similar to that obtained in optical simulations of the system.
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Zhao, Yina, Beilei Qiu i Zhonghai Zhang. "Concentrated solar light for rapid crystallization of nanomaterials and extreme enhancement of photoelectrochemical performance". Chemical Communications 54, nr 19 (2018): 2373–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc00476e.
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A concentrated solar light annealing strategy is proposed with a Fresnel lens as the concentrator for rapid and effective crystallization of nanomaterials, and all energy input comes from renewable solar energy as the source.
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Song, Je Heon, Jin Hee Yu, Jun Ho Lee, Won Keon Jang i Dong Gil Lee. "Design of Linear Fresnel Lens for Concentrated Photovoltaic System". Advanced Materials Research 860-863 (grudzień 2013): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.860-863.32.
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P. M. Kapurkar i A.K. Kurchania. "Performance Evaluation of Concentrated Solar Water Heater-cum-Distillation Unit". Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) 50, nr 2 (30.06.2013): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/jae2013502.1515.
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Concentrated solar water heater-cum-distillation unit, having capacity of 70 l was developed. Refractive type Fresnel lens was used as solar concentrator along with a copper plate as an absorber. The developed system was tested for its