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Wang, Qinqin. "The Understanding of Absolute Right to Freedom of Expression in the Case of Hate Speech". Scholar Commons, 2018. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7240.
Pełny tekst źródłaSvernlöv, Oscar. "Media in transition : The cost of increased freedom of expression in Ethiopia". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, JMK, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-183178.
Pełny tekst źródłaReineke, Jason Bernard. "Support for censorship, family communication, family values, and political ideology". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1216823927.
Pełny tekst źródłaTabbara, Tarik. "Electronic mass media and freedom of expression in Germany, the United States and Canada". Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27467.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe focus of this analysis is how electronic mass media have changed the traditional understanding of fundamental rights and freedoms as purely negative individual guarantees. This change occasions and necessitates a closer look at governmental regulation and the role of the state, and the different conceptions of freedom of expression that can be used to justify it.
Lucchi, Nicola. "The role of Internet access in enabling individual’s rights and freedoms". Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Redovisning och Rättsvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-21576.
Pełny tekst źródłaGOMES, Raimunda Aline Lucena. "A liberdade de expressão e o direito humano à comunicação na América Latina: a garantia formal e as suas contradições". Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2015. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17147.
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A presente pesquisa investiga o processo de garantia formal do Direito humano à comunicação na América Latina e suas contradições, a partir da experiência de sete Países da União das Nações Sul-Americanas (UNASUL) - Argentina, Bolívia, Brasil, Chile, Equador, Uruguai e Venezuela - com foco nas relações entre Estado, política, liberdade, comunicação, radiodifusão e Direitos Humanos. Para isto, empreende-se um estudo aprofundado sobre o conceito da comunicação como direito humano e suas relações com o conceito da liberdade de expressão; uma análise sobre as legislações de radiodifusão dos Países investigados, nas décadas de 1980, 1990 e 2000; como também das recomendações presentes nos Relatórios Anuais da Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos e da Relatoria Especial para a Liberdade de Expressão. A pesquisa trabalha com autores da Comunicação Social, bem como da interdisciplinaridade desta com outras áreas do conhecimento das Ciências Sociais. Tem como orientação epistêmica o pensamento crítico, portanto a dimensão sócio-histórica e o método de análise dialético, com ênfase na produção de conhecimento da América Latina sobre a América Latina, do Sul sobre o Sul. A investigação igualmente estabelece como marco teórico os estudos críticos que problematizam o conceito de público, privado e estatal, aplicado às políticas e sistemas de comunicação, e valem-se da análise dialética para identificar as condições políticas, econômicas, sociais e culturais que atuam no processo de garantia formal dos Direitos Humanos, especificamente do direito humano à comunicação. A garantia formal do direito humano à comunicação, no entanto, não é uma questão simplesmente técnica/jurídica. A invisibilidade e o silêncio desse direito no discurso do marco legal de proteção dos Direitos Humanos e nas legislações nacionais de radiodifusão implicam condicionamentos a outras dimensões da vida social, política, cultural e econômica.
This research investigates the formal assurance process of the human right due to the Communication in Latin America from the seven countries experience the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR), focusing on the relationship between state, politics, freedom, communication, broadcasting and Human Rights. For this, it undertakes-one depth study of the concept of communication as a human right and its relations with the concept of freedom of expression; an analysis of the laws of broadcasting of the countries, in the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s; as also an investigation of these recommendations in the Commission's Annual Reports Commission on Human Rights - Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression (81 documentary files). The research worked with authors Social communication and interdisciplinarity of this to other areas of knowledge of Social Sciences. Its orientation epistemological thought critical, so the socio-historical dimension and the dialectical method of analysis, with emphasis in knowledge production in Latin America on Latin America, South on South. The research also sets a theoretical framework the critical studies problematize the concept of public, private and state, applied to policies and systems communication, and worth-the dialectical analysis to identify the political, economic and cultural operating in the formal assurance process Rights Human, specifically the human right to communication.
Araújo, Marilene. "A liberdade de expressão e o pluralismo no constitucionalismo contemporâneo". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2016. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/6969.
Pełny tekst źródłaSummary: No pluralism there is no effective exercise of the right to freedom of expression, being the regular law such freedom via constitutional system. The law, communication and human sociality are inextricably linked. Humanity without communicational interactions can not exist. The very human dignity is only possible with the preservation of freedom and communication, and freedom of expression appears as power to act human. In social terms the various networks of conversations where emerging culture means that there is a plurality of opinion, cultures. The more free speech, more plurality and the more plurality, more freedom of expression. It is a circular and complex way. Freedom of expression currently understood is a construct and not a given post. Greece was the right to speak in the Agora. A revolution of the media does this freedom go through the emergence of the press and the revolutions of the eighteenth century. The result is positivization this freedom through international and constitutional documents. A second revolution is the technology of electromagnetic waves and the emergence of radio and television, once again the law regulates via grants system and the public service institute. Constitutions and American, French and German jurisprudence buildings bring notions of freedom of expression from the perspective of pluralism. Similarly, the European and American human rights protection system does. The Brazil supported in its constitution and in international treaties have a protection system which includes the freedom of expression and pluralism, but still faces problems for the realization of this right. The challenges are many, because now comes a third revolution of the medium with the arrival of the internet, the market players. But any proposal must pass the non divisibility of social and individual sphere. The law can regulate and carry out increasingly setting such freedom, punishing, rewarding and offering subsidies for realization of freedom of expression
Sem pluralismo não há efetivo exercício do direito a liberdade de expressão, cabendo ao Direito regular tal liberdade via sistema constitucional. O Direito, a comunicação e a socialidade humana são indissociável. A humanidade sem interações comunicacionais não pode existir. A própria dignidade humana só é possível com a preservação da liberdade e da comunicação, sendo que a liberdade de expressão aparece como potência de agir do humano. No plano social as várias redes de conversações onde emergem a cultura faz com que haja a pluralidade de opinião, culturas. Quanto mais liberdade de expressão, mais pluralidade e quanto mais pluralidade, mais liberdade de expressão. É um caminho circular e complexo. A liberdade de expressão atualmente entendida é um construir e não um dado posto. Na Grécia era o direito à palavra na Ágora. A revolução dos meios de comunicação faz essa liberdade passar pelo surgimento da imprensa escrita e as revoluções do século XVIII. O resultado é a positivação desta liberdade por meio de documentos internacionais e constitucionais. Uma segunda revolução é a tecnologia das ondas eletromagnética e o surgimento do rádio e a televisão, mais uma vez o Direito regula via sistema de outorgas e o instituto do serviço público. Constituições e construções jurisprudências americana, francesa e alemã trazem noções da liberdade de expressão sob a perspectiva do pluralismo. Na mesma linha, o sistema de proteção de direitos humanos europeu e americano o faz. O Brasil apoiado em sua constituição e em tratados internacionais tem um sistema de proteção que contempla a liberdade de expressão e o pluralismo, porém ainda convive com problemáticas para a efetivação deste direito. Os desafios são muitos, porque agora surge uma terceira revolução do meio com a chegada da internet, os agentes do mercado. Mas qualquer proposta deve passar pela não divisibilidade da esfera social e individual. O Direito pode regular e efetivar cada vez mais tal liberdade configurando, sancionando, premiando e ofertando subsídios para efetivação da liberdade de expressão
Lima, Cláudia do Carmo Nonato. "Jornalistas, blogueiros, migrantes da comunicação: em busca de novos arranjos econômicos para o trabalho jornalístico com maior autonomia e liberdade de expressão". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27152/tde-26062015-112522/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis investigates and seeks to answer two research hypotheses: a) The journalism professionals are migrating from traditional media (print, radio and TV) to new media, especially for blogs. b) Journalists have adopted and are migrating to blogs in search of greater autonomy, independence, freedom of expression and professional achievement. The theoretical framework that guided this study conceptualizes the work and communication as a human activity, ergologic (Schwartz), a constituent of the ontology of social being (Marx). The journalistic work is approached from this theoretical framework, to highlight how the production processes in this professional area were transformed by technology, techniques and differentiated organization of productive routines. One takes the classical concept of journalism and its ethics and analyzes its development throughout the twentieth century and early twenty-first in the light of the changes brought about by the globalization, the journalist\'s job in the world and the organization of communication companies in the contemporaneity. The humanist values that founded the journalistic field are questioned in relation to the values of the consumer society, information and spectacle. From a methodological point of view, the procedures are: relevant literature to concepts involved and also the empirical case studies and observation of experienced journalists who migrated to blogs as a new career option. As a result, it was found that journalists migrated to the blogs in search of independence, among other reasons, but found obstacles that prevent them from exercising full freedom of expression in the new medium, as the financial restriction and the judicial. They are also looking for new economic arrangements that will allow the full exercise of the profession in blogs.
Weston, Mindy. "The Right to Be Forgotten: Analyzing Conflicts Between Free Expression and Privacy Rights". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6453.
Pełny tekst źródłaMudawi, Abuobeida A. "A Virtual Ethnographic Study of Online Communication and Democratic Behavior in the Sudan's Diaspora". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1448971939.
Pełny tekst źródłaQuilton, Arnaud. "L'exercice des droits et libertés fondamentaux sur l'Internet". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1043.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe practice and customs from cyberspace demonstrates that the overlap between these two topics of study - internet on one hand and human rights on the other part - is permanent : by its very transcendental nature, the network of networks irradiates all the bodies of the society and therefore either directly or indirectly, all the basics Rights and Freedom, be they political, economic or social.Based on this premise, one has to identify with the most objective and accurate manner if the internet has a positive or negative impact on this body of law called « highest » : does that increases its protection and influence or, on the contrary, contributes to erosion, thus emphasizing the possible incompatibility of a theoretical right faced to a dematerialized reality? The answer to this problem, relying largely on a quantitative scientific analysis will establish that a majority of Fundamental Rights and Freedom is praised and even sublimated by the net ; at the same time, a minority of rights and freedoms, deemed to be essential within the hierarchy of basic rights, suffer from this meeting. De facto, the ambivalence of this finding will naturally lead to wonder whether it is appropriate that the theory of fundamental rights can affect, through principles in line with the technical nature of the net, the construction and sustainability of the legal framework of an internet hardly apprehandable within the « traditional » branches of the of law
Joyjaroen, Juraiporn. "Le contrôle du contenu des programmes audiovisuels : étude comparative des systèmes français et thaï". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32007.
Pełny tekst źródłaAlthough Thailand is a constitutional monarchy country with the establishment of democracy and the development of legal texts, it is often subject to military intervention which creates the limitation of freedom of expression and the rights to communicate. The audiovisual market is dominated by the operators who obtain the concession contracts of the State for too long. The solution of the mentioned problem is proposed by the 1997 Constitution, which is to create an independent regulatory authority for audiovisual communication to improve the exercise of freedom of expression on communication law and to implement the basic principles of audiovisual communication. Moreover an allotment of new frequencies is also important for the full opening of the audiovisual market in order to vary the choices for viewers and listeners. The creation of the regulatory authority of audiovisual communication has been interrupted several times by the committee’s conflict of interest. In 2006, it was unfortunately withdrawn by the coup by repealing the 1997 Constitution. After that in The 2007 Constitution, it is required the establishment of a single regulatory authority for broadcasting and telecommunications to meet the development of converging technologies however the authority has not been implemented yet. So the gaps in regulation between two areas of communications are growing.In France, there are three of regulatory authorities of audiovisual communication which have been formed after the abolition of state monopoly of broadcasting. The study of French’s basic principles of audiovisual communication could guide Thailand in several ways since the rights and the freedoms of communication in Thailand have been democratically developing gradually
Francisquini, Renato. "Democracia, liberdade de expressão e o valor equitativo das liberdades comunicativas". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8131/tde-23012015-184904/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work is founded in a discursive conception of democracy according to which public communication is a necessary element for the legitimacy of political authority. According to this understanding, freedom of expression is an integral part and an essential condition to the exercise of political liberties in equal terms. Given the centrality of mass media in the definition of the collective values and in political agency, I maintain the their structure must be oriented toward the acknowledgement of all as free and equal persons. An orientation like this is based on the idea that to the expressive liberties should be assigned a fair value: i.e. everyone is entitled to the same opportunities and objective conditions to exercise such liberties. This interpretation has its basis in a form of understanding such ideal that goes beyond the formal rights and freedoms to include the material conditions and the social basis of self-respect
Jeon, Young. "La régulation de la communication audiovisuelle en France et en Corée du Sud". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM1068.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this convergence environment, only the « plate-forme » could be supply all of the communication formats. We wonder a question about the organization meltdown of the regulation, in the one side, the audiovisual communication and in the other side, the telecoms sector. Thus, a new institution has been created by the 29th February 2008 law n°8867 in matter of the setting and the management of the Korea Communications Commission (KCC) in place of the two preexisting regulation authorities whom run the audiovisual communication and the telecoms. In the same time, since 2007 in France, in consequence of the Senator Bruno RETAILLEAU report, the authorities took one’s stand for a possible fusion between The CSA and the ARCEP. This meltdown shall allow managing the audiovisual communication and the telecoms by the same regulation authority. However, this reform proposal is not still in the agenda, and raises new issues those even the Korean merger was not able to answer. Both the Korean system which runs with the convergence without a guarantee of the regulation independence in front of the State power, and the French system who guaranteed as possible this independence by separating the audiovisual communication regulation from the telecoms. We wonder on the appropriateness of the two systems, and which is the best performing to run the audiovisual communication regulation, to guarantee the independence of communication and the fundamental liberties which rule our democracies
Sliesarieva, Anna. "The Defender vs. the Censor: CDA Analysis of 2017 Russian Web-Source Ban in Ukraine". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414735.
Pełny tekst źródłaJacquet, Caroline. "Leibniz et Hesse, existence et harmonie". Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30021.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe aim of this thesis, is to pursue and examine thoroughly the study of the leibnizian thought we began to process in our Mastership and D.E.A. Looking at the frontier between philosophy and literature, we develop the viewpoint of the leibnizian novelist, Hermann Hesse (1877-1962), whose impressive work offers numerous connections with leibnizian theory. We based our study on the main notions of existence and harmony, which are both important concepts in the works of Leibniz and Hesse. Throwing light on some underlying leibnizian subjects in Hessian poetic thought, we examine the impact of leibnizian metaphysics in the literary universe of Hesse, which, at first sight, escapes to rationality.Analysing the notions of existence and harmony in Hesse and Leibniz leads to define precisely some leibnizian concepts which are very essential ones : expression ( of bodies, minds, universe…), communication, conception of freedom, optimism. In the leibnizian universe, which is a "kaleidoscopic" one and a site where numerous interactions and concomitances take place, the individual, though being determined in his essence as a "monad", i.e. a completely self-sufficient entity, only exists by inclusion in the whole world it belongs to. We tried to reveal the omnipresence of a number of leibnizian concepts in Hesse, who conceives the world as a set of correlations and subtle resonances, governed by an immanent superior Being. Like the leibnizian monad, the hessian individual contains in himself infinite possibilities, which it is his own responsability to explore and develop, in the view of making the experience of happiness. The search for a kind of eudemonism, which constitutes a basic question in the hessian work, is also an existential instanciation of the philosophical concept of optimism, a leibnizian subject. In Hesse's work, man is in search of an art of living, which can make him get self-fulfilment and absolute serenity. Longing for a mental balance, and for a true communication with the outer world – maybe with some divine principle – he is searching his niche in life, in its universal harmony
Rådelius, Elias. "“Shout to the people the reality, and they dance it!” : A case study on the synergies and challenges between music, youth empowerment, sustainable development and social change in the Gambia". Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för konst, kommunikation och lärande, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-36820.
Pełny tekst źródłaDenna fallstudie undersöker musik och musikskapandets roll för ungdomar i Brikama, Gambia, och dess relation till yttrandefrihet, hållbar utveckling och social förändring. Studien är genomförd inom ramen för ett projekt där unga musiker med olika bakgrund komponerade och spelade in sina egna låtar under workshops tillsammans med etablerade musiker. Materialet samlades in genom intervjuer med deltagarna och instruktörer, observationer och textanalys av låtarna. Studien använder sig av Smalls (1998) koncept musicking för att analysera den musikaliska situationens mening i sin sociala kontext. Dessutom används teorier om relationen mellan musik och hållbarhet för att analysera musikens roll för ungdomarna på en individuell-, grupp- och samhällsnivå, men även på en organisationsnivå. Studien visar på alla fyra nivåer att musik och musikskapande innehar många av de karaktärsdrag som krävs för hållbar utveckling och att det kan främja resiliens genom kreativitet. Dock visar studien att inkluderande sammanhang behöver skapas med medvetenhet om den kulturella kontexten. Detta för att kunna navigera de krafter (såsom negativa traditionella värderingar kring genus) som kan begränsa individers deltagande och i slutändan samhällets möjlighet att ta del av fördelarna. Studien visar också hur musik, med sina konstärliga karaktärsdrag, kan erbjuda ett visst utrymme för yttrandefrihet. Slutligen visar studien hur musik kan och bör inkorporeras till större grad av organisationer som arbetar för hållbar utveckling och social förändring, både som ett verktyg för att uppnå hållbarhetsagendor, men även för de inneboende karaktärsdragen resiliens och kreativitet som finns att hitta i själva musikskapandet.
Zwolinska, Monika. "Sécurité et libertés fondamentales des communications électroniques en droit français, européen et international". Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE0038/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe impact of today’s information and communication technologies is essential forthe exercice of human rights, particularly concerning freedom of expression and privacyprotection. With the massive use of Internet, mobile phones and – more recently – other smart objects and digital services, the tension mounts with respect to establishing the limit between public and private space online. Likewise, the freedom of expression, communication and information are at risk as - under the pretext of fighting cybercrime and cyber terrorism, as well as maintaining public order - public authorities interfere with online contents by controlling, monitoring, restraining or prohibiting it. Especially as both States’ and private companies’ capacities in creating extremely precise databases identifying information on persons’ consumption habits, itineraries, thoughts and opinions gradually increase. Therefore, the need to redefine the way in which the respect of fundamental freedoms is taken into consideration in the context of digital environment becomes urgent
Rodrigues, Diogo Moysés. "O direito humano à comunicação: igualdade e liberdade no espaço público mediado por tecnologias". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2140/tde-15062011-151640/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis dissertation deals with different aspects that imposes the demand for recognition of Communication Rigths as a fundamental right, and presents the characteristics that compose the scope of this new human right. The chronicle of communications technologies points out its role in the development and reproduction of capitalism, and describes the current peculiarities of the Brazilian model, noting the insufficiency of the legal principle of freedom of expression and the right to information to guarantee human dignity in the communications field. From the research of documents related to the initiatives of the federal government, this work shows how Brazilian media\'s owners uses these principle and right as a political and legal tool to obstruct regulatory and public policies, seeking perpetuation of privileges in the communication field. It also presents Communication Rigths as an umbrella shelter of a series of other rights and freedoms, in order to overcome imposed limitation on the historical understanding of freedom of expression principle and right to information, moving towards the right to participate in the public sphere on equal terms. The communications rights deals with rights and freedoms which are related to the communication field, but were historically considered unconnected. Finally, this study argues that official recognition of the communications rights as human rights is the best way to ensure dignity, giving unity and coherence to the principles related to the topic, and better defining the claim which citizens and social groups should have.
Moreira, Adriana Fragalle. "Interpretação e âmbito de proteção do direito à liberdade de expressão: reflexões sobre o quem, quando e o quê na manifestação do pensamento". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2134/tde-03102016-151940/.
Pełny tekst źródłaDespite being considered as a fundamental value for several centuries and by many nations and international organizations, freedom of speech is, until present time, the object of much uncertainty, especially regarding its practical application when other rights and constitutional values are involved. The present study analyses the structure of the communicative act, specifically the identity of interlocutors, the time factor and the content or message, to assess if the legal value of the expression of thought is conditioned by these elements. From that, the present work proposes criteria to a rational and secure interpretation and application of freedom of speech, so as to guarantee the effectiveness itself of this liberty, that is so dear to democratic societies.
Befre, Pierre. "La liberté d'expression des salariés". Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020066.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe employee status and freedom of expression : the contradiction appears to be irreducible. The subordination, which is inherent to the employment relationship, seems indeed to exclude the exercice of such freedom. The employee, because he remains a citizen, must however enjoy it in an effective way. The elected and designated representative, because the collective representation mecanism commands it, must enjoy it as well. Granting the employee with such freedom may prove dangerous for the authority of the employer and the survival of the company. Vague notions, that are hard to define, such as the duty of confidentiality or the abuse of right, authorize the employer to restrict the exercice of this freedom by his employee and to sanction him. Given the legislative mutism and the judge's indecision, insecurity is prevailing. It therefore becomes essential to draw a more precise definition and a more coherent articulation of the rules legitimating the exercise of this freedom by the employee, as well as its limitation by the employer. Althought it is jeopardous, this search for balance deserves to be attempted, so that it is revealed that such freedom is essential to the world of work. The employee status and freedom of expression : the contradiction will eventually reveal to be only apparent
Orsi, Livio. "Le droit constitutionnel à la libre communication numérique : (Vers un renouveau constitutionnel en faveur de la constitutionnalisation des droits du numérique)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOUL0131.
Pełny tekst źródłaInternet and digital communication have modernized and amplified many practices related to the democracy. The constitutional right of freedom of expression and communication of thoughts and opinions has several democratic and fundamental roles in society. The right to Internet access can be described as a fundamental and functional right in order to be able to exercise other fundamental rights. Digital technology makes it possible to strengthen the legitimacy of representative and participative democracy. However, it is necessary to be able to reconcile it in the best way with the requirement of fighting offenses on the Internet. Technological developments have changed state activities. In the digital age, there is a lack of constitutional provisions that protect fundamental rights and freedoms against state surveillance activities. One of the interests of the constitutionalization of the digital rights principles is to give the Constitutional Council the tools to control the constitutionality of the new laws, especially with the renewal of textual standards of constitutional reference necessary to monitor the constitutional compliance of laws of the 21st century and to improve the codification of a lot of new digital rights
Docquir, Pierre-François. "La liberté d'expression dans le réseau mondial de communication: propositions pour une théorie générale du droit d'accès à l'espace public privatisé". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210368.
Pełny tekst źródłaGaiba, Chiara. "Blackface and Freedom of Expression". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/13795/.
Pełny tekst źródłaBouhot, Perrine. "Freedom of expression under apartheid". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6820_1298631852.
Pełny tekst źródłaOver the past decades, transitions from repressive rule to democracy have increased all over the world, aiming at establishing disclosure and accountability for the crimes perpetrated. One way of assessing the &ldquo
solidity&rdquo
of these new democracies is to look at their provisions on freedom of expression, one of the most precious and fragile rights of man. The right to freedom of expression was recognised by classical traditional liberal theory as from the eighteenth century. It considered it as a useful tool to enhance true statements within the &ldquo
marketplace of ideas&rdquo
. Liberals also believed that such right was a prerequisite for individual autonomy and selffulfillment. They claimed that it strengthened democracy, by allowing individuals to receive all information on issues of public concern which they needed to vote intelligently. Lastly, they argued that it promoted the ideal of tolerance. Since then, the right to freedom of expression has been considered a cornerstone of democracy and protected as such by international instruments among which the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights of 1966, the African Charter for Human and Peoples&rsquo
Rights of 1981 and the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of 1950.
Pompéo, Wagner Augusto Hundertmarck. "GUERRA AO TERROR E TERROR À GUERRA: POLÍTICAS E PRÁTICAS ANTITERROR, LIBERDADE E O FUTURO DAS TIC S". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2015. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6384.
Pełny tekst źródłaA presente dissertação tem por escopo analisar o escrutínio de informações e comunicações praticado por atores públicos e privados em tempos de guerra ao terror . O problema de pesquisa se resume a pensar como é possível responsabilizar esses atores Estados-Nação e empresas do setor privado que, usando das facilidades técnicas proporcionadas pelas novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação, no contexto da internacionalização do direito, violam direitos humanos sob a justificativa de constituírem estratégias de políticas e práticas antiterror. No que diz respeito à metodologia, a pesquisa se classifica como fenomenológico-hermenêutica, procedendo-se com a análise crítica do Tribunal Penal Internacional e os Sistemas Regionais de Justiça, revisão e análises bibliográficas, no sentido de diagnosticar por que as políticas de guerra ao terror acabaram por se transvestir no antagônico sentimento de terror à guerra . Como efeito, a migração de um extremo a outro, ao que se concluiu, deriva especialmente das ações de violação praticadas pelos Estados Unidos da América e sua Agência Nacional de Segurança (NSA), que se valendo da pseudo-justificativa de guerra ao terror, violaram as comunicações de muitos cidadãos e chefes de Estado, inclusive os de potências aliadas. Em razão disso, bem como pelas demais críticas que, desde sua criação, ostenta o Tribunal Penal Internacional, acusado de ser um órgão eminentemente político, do ponto de vista de suas decisões, inefetivo, se analisada a ausência de elementos coercitivos ao cumprimento de suas determinações, e mesmo a falta de respostas adequadas a questões como de interesse global o terrorismo, tráfico de drogas e as novas formas de violação de direitos por meio da rede de computadores, por exemplo , é que se propõe a revisão do Estatuto de Roma para o fim de, senão criar novas espécies de tipos penais, ao menos autonomizar o conceito de crimes contra a humanidade de ações de violência típica. A política de guerra ao terror tem provado que alguns direitos humanos, tais qual o direito a comunicação e expressão e mesmo o direito à privacidade, também são passíveis de sofrerem restrições não violentas. Portanto, é fundamental que se promova o alargamento do conceito de crimes contra a humanidade enquanto categoria jurídica, para o fim de englobar também as violações ocorridas de maneira clandestina ou a paisana, diuturnamente executadas por atores tais como os Estados-Nação e mesmo empresas como Facebook e Google, que exploram, respectivamente, o mercado de redes sociais e de provedores de pesquisa, ou a VASTec, AT&T e Amesys, especializadas na interceptação de comunicações em massa.
Musa, Abdul Samat. "Freedom of expression in English law". Thesis, University of Manchester, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.237410.
Pełny tekst źródłaEmbling, Geoffrey. "Political correctness and freedom of expression". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/40873.
Pełny tekst źródłaDonadelli, Antonio Paulo de Mattos. "O conselho de comunicação social como instância democrática necessária na busca de um ambiente comunicativo plural". Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2013. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1059.
Pełny tekst źródłaDemocracy demands isonomic participation in the process of collective decision making. To this purpose it is necessary that the messages of mass media be plural, presenting multiple points of view and a sort of sources. The State must ensure that the citizens get access to multiple points of view and information, as well as the ideas of the main social actors be represented in the communicative environment - comprised by the media in which is the ensemble of communication of certain circle, as an analogy to natural environment . In practice, not every social group has the same access to the mass media. There is a distortion in the so-called free market ideas which is under the thumb of few senders, the major broadcast companies. This can be noted mainly in the scope of concessions of radio and television broadcast, which requires political support, in addition to technological structure, human, and financial resources, whose resources only the major broadcast groups have access to. The regulation of mass media, according to the Brazilian Constitution, must to pursue the democratization of mass media, the pluralism of its actors and to fight monopolies and oligopolies of communication. The Federal Constitution of 1988 envisaged, in the article 224, the creation of Social Communication Council (National), created by Law nº 8.389/91. Such rules aim to establish participation of civil society, in the context of making political decision regarding Social Communication likewise other constitutionally predicted councils, such as Health Council (article 77, Paragraph 3, of Federal Constitution), or the Advisory Board of the Fighting and Eradication Poverty Fund (article 79, sole paragraph of Federal Constitution and Supplementary Law 111 from 2001). This organism has a plural composition. It s composed by representatives of the main different media, technical members, and civil society representatives. Its constitutional function is to assist the National Congress in regulation of Communication. The Communication Social Council would be the mechanism to improve the pluralism of Social Communication in order to minimize the distortions caused by Communications Oligopoly and Monopoly. However, this Council faces juridical and practical issues. The Council was inoperative since the beginning of 2007, its activation happened just on August 2012. Moreover, it s limited to provide opinions that have no effect on decision made in the Social Communication scope. The opinions are considered as mere recommendation; most of the time it is not take in account by political organs. It is necessary to question the legal purposes of Legislative and Executive decisions taken with no consideration of Council position, in other hand the Council will never meet its Constitution role. This dissertation addresses these regulation issues of Social Communication by analyzing the legal power of decisions made by Social Communication Council.
A democracia exige isonomia de participação na formação das decisões coletivas. Para tanto é necessário que as mensagens na comunicação sejam plurais, refletindo diversos pontos de vista e diversos emissores. Deve-se garantir tanto que os cidadãos tenham acesso à diversidade de opiniões e informações, quanto que as ideias dos principais grupos estejam representadas no ambiente comunicativo - entendido como o conjunto da comunicação em determinado âmbito, numa analogia ao meio ambiente . Na prática nem todos os grupos têm o mesmo acesso aos meios de Comunicação Social, existindo uma distorção no chamado livre mercado das ideias que é dominado por poucos emissores, as grandes empresas de comunicação. Isso se vê principalmente no âmbito das concessões de rádio e televisão, que exige apoio político além de estrutura tecnológica, humana e financeira a que só os grandes grupos de comunicação têm acesso. A regulamentação da Comunicação Social, por força da Constituição de 1988, deve buscar a democratização dos meios de comunicação social, o pluralismo dos agentes e combater os monopólios e oligopólios comunicativos. A Constituição de 1988 previu, no artigo 224, a criação do Conselho de Comunicação Social (Nacional), órgão regulamentado pela Lei nº 8.389/91. Tais normas visam estabelecer a participação da sociedade civil, na tomada de decisões políticas no âmbito da Comunicação Social a exemplo de outros conselhos constitucionalmente previstos, como os Conselhos de Saúde (artigo 77, § 3º da CF), ou o Conselho Consultivo e de Acompanhamento do Fundo de Combate e Erradicação da Pobreza (artigo 79, parágrafo único da CF e Lei Complementar 111 de 2001). Esse órgão tem uma constituição plural. É composto de representantes dos principais meios de comunicação, além de representantes técnicos e da sociedade civil. Sua função constitucional é auxiliar o Congresso Nacional na normatização da Comunicação Social. O Conselho de Comunicação Social seria um mecanismo para aprimorar o pluralismo da comunicação social de forma a amenizar as distorções causadas pelos monopólios e oligopólios comunicativos. No entanto, enfrenta problemas de ordem prática e jurídica. O Conselho encontrava-se desativado desde o início de 2007 e só foi reativado em agosto de 2012. Ademais, é limitado a dar pareceres que não têm qualquer efeito sobre as decisões tomadas no âmbito da Comunicação Social. Os pareceres são vistos como meras recomendações por vezes nem levados em conta pelas instâncias de decisão política. É necessário questionar a validade jurídica das decisões legislativas e executivas tomadas sem consideração da posição do Conselho, caso contrário o Conselho nunca chegará a cumprir sua função Constitucional. O trabalho aborda essas questões de regulamentação da Comunicação Social analisando a força jurídica das decisões do Conselho de Comunicação Social.
O'Rourke, Kevin Charles. "John Stuart Mill and freedom of expression". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311962.
Pełny tekst źródłaLaughlin, Cindy. "Freedom of Expression and the College Press". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292229.
Pełny tekst źródłaFeghali, Marie-Claire. "La presse clandestine pendant la guerre au Liban (1975-1982) : son organisation, sa distribution, ses lecteurs". Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020009/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis focuses on the underground press, or what is known as the clandestine press inLebanon, that was published and promoted by the belligerant political parties during thewar in Lebanon between 1975 and 1982. Noteworthy, these publications were notauthorized by the Lebanese authorities at that time.It analyses the nature of a significant selection of 5 of the most representative publicationsof that period, along with their messages, their readers and their different means ofdistribution.As a first study of its kind, this research is based on archival documents, which contect waslater handled with depth, thus analysing the language and the semiotics when thepublication permitted so. Accordingly, we chose to reflect the views of Falastine Assawra,Al Qaeda, Al Marouni, Loubnan and Sawt Al Hakika, examining the direction of thecommunication in each.Noteworthy, this reseatch deals with instruments that reflect a fundamental and crucialstep in the evolution of the Lebanese press. It is essentialy a means of communication usedduring times of crisis, serving political propaganda, sometimes agendas. Nevertheless,these publication a manifestation of the freedom of speech.We conclude that war is made with both arms and media, especially when it involves aclash of ideologies. It also teaches us tha in a multi- confessional country like Lebanon,history is not only a point of view, but also a clash for image-building that goes beyondfacts. Michel Foucault said it quite well: "we may say what you see, what we see does notalways stand out in what we say."
Maher, Julie. "Manifesting religious belief : a matter of religious freedom, religious discrimination, or freedom of expression?" Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:eaf72dbe-ca5e-4767-97a6-b28c928be742.
Pełny tekst źródłaAbanazir, Suat Cem. "Freedom of expression and its limits in sport". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667926.
Pełny tekst źródłaDeporte, como una fuerza social y económica es una parte integral de la sociedad globalizada. El deporte está organizado y seguido globalmente. Por este motivo, la organización del deporte por las organizaciones gubernamentales del deporte y el uso de la idea del ‘deporte sin política’, causan preocupaciones específicas relacionadas con la libertad de expresión; en tanto en cuanto estas organizaciones tienen una tendencia de restringir las frases que las asumen políticas. Esta investigación tiene un objetivo de constituir una marca consistente sobre la libertad de expresión en el contexto de deportes. La investigación analiza los soportes filosóficos de libertad de expresión con las particularidades específicas de la industria deportiva cuando intenta a obtener este objetivo. En la investigación se está defendiendo que la libertad de expresión se podrá basar sobre los fundamentos morales ante la industria deportiva globalizada. La investigación también propone que la idea de ‘deporte sin política’ y las restricciones aplicadas para todas las personas son las reflexiones de la interdependencia del mercado, estado y deporte.
Nkounga, Francois Joseph. "Flag-burning in the USA - freedom of expression ?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-39741.
Pełny tekst źródłaFakhrtdinov, Renat. "Freedom of Expression Online : Ban of Political Expression on the Internet in Russia". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-161971.
Pełny tekst źródłaGunes, Sema. "The importance of Turkishness and its affects on the Freedom of Expression : EU, Freedom of Expression, TPC 301, and the Armenian issue". Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Political Science, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12680.
Pełny tekst źródłaBotha, Joanna Catherine. "Hate speech as a limitation to freedom of expression". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/9054.
Pełny tekst źródłaLoverdou, Athina Fotini. "Copyright and freedom of expression : revising the Berne Convention". Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2007. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1539.
Pełny tekst źródłaJurgens, Hishaam. "Investigating the conflict between freedom of religion and Freedom of expression under the South African constitution". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4099.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis mini-thesis is based on the presumption that the Danish cartoons and the anti-Muslim clip posted on YouTube as forms of expression, ridiculed the religious beliefs and practices of Muslims which in turn affected the exercise of religious freedom as it violated the dignity of the bearers of the right to freedom of religion and therefore a conflict between the right to freedom of religion and freedom of expression exists. The above incidence of conflict between the right to freedom of religion and freedom of expression involves infringing the freedom of religion of the Islamic community. Blasphemy in Islam is speech that is insulting to God, but during the course of Muslim history it has become increasingly linked with insult to the Prophet Muhammad. In Islam the depiction of the Prophet Muhammad in any way is strictly forbidden and is considered blasphemous.
Van, Vollenhoven Willem Johannes. "Learners’ understanding of their right to freedom of expression in South Africa". Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25528.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis (PhD (Education Management))--University of Pretoria, 2007.
Education Management and Policy Studies
unrestricted
Byrne, John Alexander (Alex). "The politics of promoting freedom of information and expression in international librarianship". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/555.
Pełny tekst źródłaByrne, John Alexander (Alex). "The politics of promoting freedom of information and expression in international librarianship". University of Sydney. Government and International Relations, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/555.
Pełny tekst źródłaGuy, Robert L. Holsinger M. Paul. "Religious expression in public education". Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p3006619.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from title page screen, viewed April 25, 2006. Dissertation Committee: M. Paul Holsinger (chair), Moody Simms, John Freed. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 161-167) and abstract. Also available in print.
Case, Erik S. "State Level Causes of Terrorism: Limits on Political Expression". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12092/.
Pełny tekst źródłaTsiga, I. A. "To tell freedom : A study of black South African autobiography". Thesis, University of Essex, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377927.
Pełny tekst źródłaKanakanian, Arminé. "The situation of freedom of expression - Turkey and the European Union". Thesis, Örebro University, Department of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-2300.
Pełny tekst źródłaAbstract
This study will shed light on the meaning of article 301 of the Turkish Penal Code and its
inconformity with fundamental principles of the European Union and fundamental human
rights. The trial of Nobel Prize winner, Mr Orhan Pamuk and the killing of Mr Hrant Dink in
January 2007 have both put focus on the notorious article 301 of the Turkish Penal Code.
The purpose of the study is to answer the main question; In what way does article 301 of the
Turkish Penal Code infringe the freedom of expression outlined in article 10 of the European
Convention on Human Rights and what should the European Union do about it?
The conclusion is that article 301 of the Turkish Penal Code infringes the right to freedom of
expression stated in article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights. It does
undermine the essence of the right by invoking a wide range of self-censorship, by its
ambiguous language and by the way it is applied. The restrictions are interpreted broadly and
leave nothing but an arbitrary article left to apply for the courts. The European Union holds
the power to influence Turkey and can therefore enforce an abolition of article 301 of the
Turkish Penal Code. Time will tell if Turkey will fully safeguard freedom of expression as it
is stated in article 10 of the European Convention of Human Rights and in the praxis of the
European Court of Human rights and the European Court of Justice.
Loaiza, Tapia José Sebastián, Falcon Diana Vanessa Ocampo i Castillo Alfredo Junior Torres. "Freedom of expression on everyone's lips Interview with Dr. Betzabé Marciani". Derecho & Sociedad, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118623.
Pełny tekst źródłaLa presente entrevista busca dar respuesta a algunas interrogantes referidas a la libertad de expresión y los desafíos que se le presentan en la actualidad. La entrevistada nos da su autorizada opinión referida a los alcances, los límites y el contenido del derecho a la libertad de expresión en situaciones particulares donde dicho derecho se ve puesto a prueba, principalmente en un contexto de exigencia de tolerancia y respeto a la diversidad cultural.
Maganyane, Tumelo Arnols. "Promoting learners’ right to freedom of religious expression in public schools". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/80460.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria 2021.
pt2021
Education Management and Policy Studies
MEd
Unrestricted
Turrina, Michela <1991>. "the human right to freedom of expression in the contemporary world". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/8056.
Pełny tekst źródła