Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Forest litter Australia

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Forest litter Australia”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 31 stycznia 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Forest litter Australia"

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FAN, QING-HAI, and DAVID E. WALTER. "A review of the genus Tycherobius (Acari: Camerobiidae), with descriptions of four new species from Australia." Zootaxa 1121, no. 1 (February 2, 2006): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1121.1.1.

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This is the first review on the genus Tycherobius Bolland since its establishment in 1986. We studied characters of the genus, provide distribution and habitat information, and described four new species from Australia: Tycherobius stipula sp. n., from grasstree litter in Brisbane and wetsandy heath litter in Cooloola, T. australis sp. n., from forest litter in Brisbane, wet-sandy heath litter in Cooloola, T. acicula sp. n., from litter in African Mahogany plantation in Far North Queensland and T. elongata sp. n., from forest litter in Brisbane. We also give a key to adults of the genus.
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Conacher, CA, C. O'Brien, JL Horrocks, and RK Kenyon. "Litter production and accumulation in stressed mangrove communities in the Embley River estuary, north-eastern Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 47, no. 5 (1996): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9960737.

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From March 1993 to March 1994, the three main mangrove communities in the Embley River Estuary (12�37'S, 141�52'E) were studied: Rhizophora forest in the main river channel and in a small creek, and Ceriops forest and Avicennia forest in a small creek. In November 1993, all A. marina trees in the main river channel lost their leaves, and some understorey species in Avicennia forests in tributaries died; this is attributed to environmental stress. This defoliation and death continued for at least a year. The Rhizophora forests were moderately to highly productive of litter, were the tallest, an
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Burrows, N. D. "Flame residence times and rates of weight loss of eucalypt forest fuel particles." International Journal of Wildland Fire 10, no. 2 (2001): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf01005.

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Shape, size, composition and arrangement of fuel particles within a fuel array significantly affect the way in which wildland fires behave. Australian eucalypt forest fire behaviour models characterise fine fuels according to the quantity burnt in the flaming zone, and the upper size limit for fine fuel particles is somewhat arbitrarily set at 6 mm for the McArthur Forest Fire Danger Meter and 10 mm for the Forest Fire Behaviour Tables for Western Australia. Flame residence time and rate of weight loss during combustion of dry eucalypt leaves and different dimensions of round wood were measure
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Bowman, DMJS. "Monsoon Forests in North-Western Australia. II. Forest-Savanna Transitions." Australian Journal of Botany 40, no. 1 (1992): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9920089.

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Presence-absence data for tree species in over 1000 quadrats, 10 ° 20m, on 144 transects were analysed by the divisive classificatory program TWINSPAN in order to define wet or dry monsoon forest, ecotone and savanna assemblages. A sorted table revealed that there was continuous floristic variation among these six vegetation types, although the abundance of tree species varied highly significantly between assemblages. Both wet and dry monsoon forests have higher stem densities, greater basal area, more tree species, higher litter cover and lower grass cover than surrounding savannas. Wet monso
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Kelly, Luke T., and Andrew F. Bennett. "Habitat requirements of the yellow-footed antechinus (Antechinus flavipes) in box - ironbark forest, Victoria, Australia." Wildlife Research 35, no. 2 (2008): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr07088.

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Understanding the habitat requirements of a species is critical for effective conservation-based management. In this study, we investigated the influence of forest structure on the distribution of the yellow-footed antechinus (Antechinus flavipes), a small dasyurid marsupial characteristic of dry forests on the inland side of the Great Dividing Range, Australia. Hair-sampling tubes were used to determine the occurrence of A. flavipes at 60 sites stratified across one of the largest remaining tracts of dry box–ironbark forest in south-eastern Australia. We considered the role of six potential e
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Nugent, Daniel T., Steven W. J. Leonard, and Michael F. Clarke. "Interactions between the superb lyrebird (Menura novaehollandiae) and fire in south-eastern Australia." Wildlife Research 41, no. 3 (2014): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr14052.

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Context The superb lyrebird Menura novaehollandiae is thought to be an important ecosystem engineer that, through its foraging, accelerates the decomposition of litter in Eucalyptus forests. Lyrebird foraging is therefore likely to affect forest fuel loads and hence fire behaviour in these fire-prone forests. In turn, fire is likely to reduce the abundance and influence the distribution of lyrebirds. Aims Our goal was to determine the impacts of a major bushfire on the habitat and food sources for the superb lyrebird and the effects of foraging activities of lyrebirds on litter fuel and potent
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Dennis, Andrew J. "Scatter-hoarding by musky rat-kangaroos, Hypsiprymnodon moschatus, a tropical rain-forest marsupial from Australia: implications for seed dispersal." Journal of Tropical Ecology 19, no. 6 (October 24, 2003): 619–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467403006023.

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Tropical forests around the world contain animals that scatter-hoard fruits and seeds but few are known in Australian tropical forests. This study used both direct observation and spool-and-line tracking of simulated fruits to demonstrate that Australia's smallest kangaroos disperse large numbers of rain-forest fruits and seeds. They did so in two ways, either by scatter-hoarding or by carrying them away from the source to devour the flesh before dropping the seed on to the litter surface. The fruits used included a range of fruit types but particularly species with large fleshy fruit. Caches
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Gormley, Angela G., Tina L. Bell, and Malcolm Possell. "Non-Additive Effects of Forest Litter on Flammability." Fire 3, no. 2 (May 12, 2020): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire3020012.

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Forest litter is a fuel component that is important for the propagation of fire. Data describing fuel load, structure and fuel condition were gathered for two sites of Sydney Coastal Dry Sclerophyll Forest, a common vegetation type in the Sydney Basin, Australia. Surface litter from the sites was sorted into its constituent components and used to establish which component or mixture of components were the most flammable using several metrics. A general blending model was used to estimate the effect the different mixtures had on the response of the flammability metrics and identify non-additive
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Parsons, Scott A., and Robert A. Congdon. "Plant litter decomposition and nutrient cycling in north Queensland tropical rain-forest communities of differing successional status." Journal of Tropical Ecology 24, no. 3 (May 2008): 317–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467408004963.

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Abstract:Soil processes are essential in enabling forest regeneration in disturbed landscapes. Little is known about whether litterfall from dominating pioneer species in secondary rain forest is functionally equivalent to that of mixed rain-forest litter in terms of contribution to soil processes. This study used the litterbag technique to quantify the decomposition and nutrient dynamics of leaf litter characteristic of three wet tropical forest communities in the Paluma Range National Park, Queensland, Australia over 511 d. These were: undisturbed primary rain forest (mixed rain-forest speci
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Matthews, S., W. L. McCaw, J. E. Neal, and R. H. Smith. "Testing a process-based fine fuel moisture model in two forest types." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x06-207.

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We test the ability of a recently developed process-based fine fuel moisture model to predict the surface and profile moisture content of litter fuels in two types of eucalytpus forest in Western Australia. The model predicts fuel moisture by modelling the energy and water budgets of the litter, intercepted precipitation, and the air spaces in the litter. The model equations are solved using an initial observation of fuel moisture and boundary conditions derived from basic weather observations. Model predictions are compared with twice-daily field observations made from October 1983 to March 1
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Forest litter Australia"

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Greenwood, David Robert. "The foliar physiognomic analysis and taphonomy of leaf beds derived from modern Australia rainforest." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phg8165.pdf.

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Swarts, Derek Juan. "Soil community structure and litter decomposition under irrigated Eucalyptus Globulus in South Western Australia." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://portal.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2006.0051.html.

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Swarts, Derek J. "Soil community structure and litter decomposition under irrigated Eucalyptus Globulus in South Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2006. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/100.

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Plantations provide a range of benefits, including the potential to ameliorate salinity and soil erosion, enhance biodiversity, and provide timber and wood chips. They are increasingly important because of their role in carbon sequestration (Adolphson, 2000; Anonymous, 2005; Jones et al. , 2005; Kozlowski, 2002; Paul and Polglase, 2004). Recent research has highlighted the connection between plantation health and soil fertility (Johnston and Crossley Jr, 2002). Within an Australian context there is little published data on the composition of the soil and litter fauna and their contribution to
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Adolphson, Honi M. "Acari (Mite) Abundance And Diversity In Soil And Litter Layers Of Eucalyptus Globulus Labill (Tasmanian bluegum) Plantations In Southwest Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2000. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1542.

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With the increased planting of E. globulus monoculture plantations, concerns surround the impact these mass plantings will have on the soil environment and wider ecosystem. Soil and litter mites are the dominant saprophages of terrestrial ecosystems, contributing to decomposition processes through their comminution and grazing activities. Despite the importance of mites to decomposition processes, there have been no investigations to date of the litter and soil communities under these plantations within Australia. This study investigated the impact of Eucalyptus globulus subsp. globulus (Tasma
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Zhang, Li, and n/a. "Bacterial Diversity of Australian Exotic Pine Forest Soil and Leaf Litter." Griffith University. School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, 2007. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20071128.094745.

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Forest plantations, widely grown for wood production, involve the selective promotion of single tree species, or replacement of natural species by exotic tree species. Slash pine (Pinus elliottii) has been chosen for reforestation of infertile sandy soils in southeast Queensland, Australia. These exotic pine plantations minimise soil and water losses, and are important scientific study sites. The soil environment of these plantations, though devoid of sufficient nutrients, oxygen and other factors, harbours innumerable bacteria that may play a crucial role in maintaining soil quality and ecosy
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Greenwood, David Robert. "The foliar physiognomic analysis and taphonomy of leaf beds derived from modern Australia rainforest / David Robert Greenwood." Thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/18723.

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Typescript<br>Copies of two papers co-authored by the author, in back cover pocket<br>Bibliography: leaves 128-143<br>143 leaves, [60] leaves : ill., maps ; 30 cm.<br>Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Botany, 1987
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Książki na temat "Forest litter Australia"

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Colloff, Matthew. Flooded Forest and Desert Creek. CSIRO Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643109209.

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The river red gum has the most widespread natural distribution of Eucalyptus in Australia, forming extensive forests and woodlands in south-eastern Australia and providing the structural and functional elements of important floodplain and wetland ecosystems. Along ephemeral creeks in the arid Centre it exists as narrow corridors, providing vital refugia for biodiversity. &#x0D; The tree has played a central role in the tension between economy, society and environment and has been the subject of enquiries over its conservation, use and management. Despite this, we know remarkably little about t
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Lynch, David, and Tony Yeigh. Teacher Education in Australia: Investigations into programming, practicum and partnership. Oxford Global Press; London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.53333/oxfgp/180226.

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In the last decade in Australia teacher education has undergone numerous critical reviews, yet little on the teacher education front appears to have changed. Related to this, the teaching profession's struggles to cope with a changing world have been publicly documented and an increasing push for improved school outcomes from Australian governments, at both the state and federal level, appear as regular pieces in the national press. This forms a complex situation involving competing concerns, and raises questions concerning what to make of the situation and how to move teacher education forwar
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Richards, Greg, Les Hall, and Steve Parish. Natural History of Australian Bats. CSIRO Publishing, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643103757.

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To hold a little microbat in your hand, its body the size of the end of your thumb, is nothing but astounding. Its head is nearly the size of a man’s fingernail, its tiny ears are twitching as it struggles to get free, and then it bares its teeth to try and scare you into letting it go. Inside that tiny head is a powerhouse of information. Some of our little bats know the entire landscape of our east coast, and can pinpoint a cave entrance in dense forest 500 km from its last home. When they get there they know what to do – where to forage, which bat to mate with and how to avoid local predato
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Lukasiewicz, Anna, Stephen Dovers, Libby Robin, Jennifer McKay, Steven Schilizzi, and Sonia Graham, eds. Natural Resources and Environmental Justice. CSIRO Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486306381.

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Environmental management involves making decisions about the governance of natural resources such as water, minerals or land, which are inherently decisions about what is just or fair. Yet, there is little emphasis on justice in environmental management research or practical guidance on how to achieve fairness and equity in environmental governance and public policy. This results in social dilemmas that are significant issues for government, business and community agendas, causing conflict between different community interests.&#x0D; Natural Resources and Environmental Justice provides the fir
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Colloff, MJ, and RB Halliday. Oribatid Mites. CSIRO Publishing, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643105201.

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Oribatid mites are ancient, minute arthropods that live in soil, plant litter, mosses and lichens, and on trees and shrubs. Prior to the production of this catalogue, Australian Oribatid mites had been poorly documented. This catalogue summarises our knowledge of the fauna of Australian Oribatid mites, including many new records of species and genera. It forms a fundamental resource for anyone interested in these important organisms and their role in soil ecology and as environmental indicators.
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Claridge, Andrew, John Seebeck, and Randy Rose. Bettongs, Potoroos and the Musky Rat-kangaroo. CSIRO Publishing, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643095083.

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Rat-kangaroos have not coped well with the impact of European settlement in Australia. Of the 11 species present in 1788, two are extinct, two are either mostly or totally restricted to offshore islands and the range of all other species has been much reduced. Habitat alienation, altered fire regimes, grazing, predation by introduced carnivores, competition from rabbits and timber harvesting have variously taken their toll on these little-seen animals.&#x0D; The rat-kangaroo was one of the first Australian marsupials to be seen alive in Europe. Collected close to the settlement at Sydney Cove,
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Pouliot, Alison. Allure of Fungi. CSIRO Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486308583.

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Although relatively little known, fungi provide the links between the terrestrial organisms and ecosystems that underpin our functioning planet.&#x0D; The Allure of Fungi presents fungi through multiple perspectives – those of mycologists and ecologists, foragers and forayers, naturalists and farmers, aesthetes and artists, philosophers and Traditional Owners. It explores how a history of entrenched fears and misconceptions about fungi has led to their near absence in Australian ecological consciousness and biodiversity conservation.&#x0D; Through a combination of text and visual essays, the a
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Stark, Alastair. Public Inquiries, Policy Learning, and the Threat of Future Crises. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831990.001.0001.

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This book is animated by a simple but very important question. Can post-crisis inquiries deliver effective lesson-learning which will reduce our vulnerability to future threats? Conventional wisdom suggests that the answer to this question should be an emphatic no. Inquiries are regularly vilified as costly wastes of time that illuminate very little and change even less. This book, however, draws upon evidence from an international comparison of post-crisis inquiries in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom to show that, contrary to conventional wisdom, the post-crisis inquiry
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Stephenson, Steven. Secretive Slime Moulds. CSIRO Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486314140.

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Neither plants, nor animals, nor fungi, the myxomycetes are a surprisingly diverse and fascinating group of organisms. They spend the majority of their life out of sight as single-celled amoeboid individuals in leaf litter, soil or decaying wood, foraging for bacteria and other simple life forms. However, when conditions are right, two individual cells come together to give rise to a much larger, creeping structure called a plasmodium, which produces the even more complex and often beautiful fruiting bodies. Indeed, the fruiting bodies of myxomycetes are often miniature works of art!&#x0D; The
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Manne, Kate. Down Girl. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190604981.001.0001.

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What is misogyny? And (why) is it still occurring? This book explores the logic of misogyny, conceived in terms of the hostilities women face because they are living in a man’s world, or one that has been until recently. It shows how misogyny may persist in cultures in which its existence is routinely denied—including the United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom, which are often alleged to be post-patriarchal. Not so, Down Girl argues. Misogyny has rather taken particular forms following the advent of legal equality, obligating women to be moral “givers,” and validating a sense of enti
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Części książek na temat "Forest litter Australia"

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Hasnat, G. N. Tanjina, and Mohammed Kamal Hossain. "Global Overview of Tropical Dry Forests." In Practice, Progress, and Proficiency in Sustainability, 1–23. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0014-9.ch001.

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Forests cover almost one-third of the Earth's land surface. Tropical dry forests are the second-most-important forest type in the world covering approximately 42% of tropical and sub-tropical forest area. The main features of these forests are their deciduousness, a prolonged dry period extending 3-9 months, and little annual precipitation of 250-2,000 mm. Tropical dry forests are found in five of the eight realms in the world. More than half of the forests are distributed in the Americas, with other portions in Africa, Eurasia, Australia, and Southeast Asia. The forests are unique in nature, and provide shelter to a huge number of endemics and endangered species. Among woody plant species, about 40% are not found anywhere in the world. These forests are now the most threatened among all forest types. The conservation status of these forests is endangered. Deforestation, rapid civilization, land conversion, fire, and climate change are the major threats. Proper management with time-oriented policy could be helpful to restore these forests and protect the existing remnant areas.
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Hasnat, G. N. Tanjina, and Mohammed Kamal Hossain. "Global Overview of Tropical Dry Forests." In Research Anthology on Ecosystem Conservation and Preserving Biodiversity, 69–91. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5678-1.ch005.

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Forests cover almost one-third of the Earth's land surface. Tropical dry forests are the second-most-important forest type in the world covering approximately 42% of tropical and sub-tropical forest area. The main features of these forests are their deciduousness, a prolonged dry period extending 3-9 months, and little annual precipitation of 250-2,000 mm. Tropical dry forests are found in five of the eight realms in the world. More than half of the forests are distributed in the Americas, with other portions in Africa, Eurasia, Australia, and Southeast Asia. The forests are unique in nature, and provide shelter to a huge number of endemics and endangered species. Among woody plant species, about 40% are not found anywhere in the world. These forests are now the most threatened among all forest types. The conservation status of these forests is endangered. Deforestation, rapid civilization, land conversion, fire, and climate change are the major threats. Proper management with time-oriented policy could be helpful to restore these forests and protect the existing remnant areas.
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Parkins, Kate, Brett Cirulis, Lauren Bennett, and Trent Penman. "Characterising and managing fire risks to plantations under changing climates." In Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 1423–29. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_216.

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Wildfires are a common threat to the sustainability of commercial plantations in fire-prone regions. Large losses of plantations from wildfires can lead to the disruption of forest yield, with flow-on impacts to downstream industries, resulting in significant social and economic impacts to local communities. Future climate projections indicate an increase in wildfire activity, including increases in fire extent, severity or frequency in many fire-prone ecosystems. Land and fire management agencies around the world invest significant resources to reduce the likelihood and impact of future fires and increase the capacity for fire suppression. However, we currently know very little about how commercial plantations will be impacted by fire as the climate changes, or if strategic management can mitigate some of these risks into the future. In this study we sought to quantify fire risks to plantations and nearby community assets under current and changing climates; and to evaluate the effectiveness of management options for mitigating some of these risks under changing climates. This research included the customisation of a fire simulation tool for use in plantation landscapes by developing plantation-specific fuel functions (derived from field-sampling in hardwood and softwood plantations around Australia) that were integrated into fire spread models. To quantify longer-term risks, these advancements were also integrated into a stochastic fire regime simulator (FROST– Fire Regimes and Operation Simulation Tool) that is proposed for future use in operational risk assessments. Fire risks to both environmental and community assets were evaluated under current and changing climates to support evidence-based management to help guide investment, insurance negotiations, and fire mitigation in the plantation sector. The fire regime simulator (FROST) was also used to evaluate a range of different management options for reducing risk as a basis for efficient allocation of fire prevention and response resources both by plantation growers and by broader fire regions. We found that reducing suppression response times (to 15 minutes or less for all ignitions) and the current approach to management (a construction rate of 2km/h for suppression and 15-minute response times, with 4000ha/year of prescribed burning) were consistently the best management strategies for reducing fire risks to plantations and adjacent communities, regardless of the climate model used. These strategies offer the greatest scope for reducing future wildfire risks to plantation assets and adjacent communities as the climate changes. High pruning in strategic locations may also be worthy of future investment but should be considered in combination with more rapid suppression and prescribed burning. Plantation owners currently have little influence over the amount and location of prescribed burning adjacent to plantations, and fuel reduction burning is not regularly undertaken in Australian plantations. Therefore, rapid suppression response times is the single best investment for minimising impact to plantation assets under a hotter or drier climate.
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Dean, Peter J. "To the Jungle Shore." In The Sea and the Second World War, 171–201. University Press of Kentucky, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9781949668049.003.0008.

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Amphibious warfare was critical to the success of Allied forces in the South West Pacific Area (SWPA) during the Pacific War. However, at the beginning of the war both the Australian and United States forces in the SWPA had little knowledge, expertise, or experience in this form of warfare. This chapter by Peter J. Dean traces the development of amphibious warfare in the SWPA through organization, training, tactics, doctrine, and operations. While focusing on the Australian experience and highlighting the evolution of capabilities between 1942-45 through an analysis of the assaults on Lae (1943) and Balikpapan (1945), it contextualizes this experience within General Douglas MacArthur's maritime strategy and the friction inherent in combined amphibious operations in this theater. The chapter highlights the evolution of the Australian Army from a force almost totally unfamiliar with the practice of amphibious operations to one which, in combination with its United States coalition partner, becomes a practitioner par excellence in this form of warfare.
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Dauvergne, Peter. "By No Means Pleasant." In Environmentalism of the Rich. The MIT Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262034951.003.0003.

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This chapter surveys the ecological and political history of the South Pacific island of Nauru after 1798 – a microcosm of the globalization of unsustainability. In the 1900s Nauru became a major source of high-grade phosphate fertilizer, especially for Australia and New Zealand. The history of phosphate mining in Nauru illustrates how deeply colonial and postcolonial forces can disrupt sustainability even in places far from the centers of power, and how over generations these disruptions can build into an ever-greater crisis. At the height of Nauru’s phosphate boom in the mid-1970s average income of the Nauruan people was the second highest in the world. But this wealth was an illusion, as Nauru was being strip-mined with little planning for a future without phosphate. Today, Nauru’s economy is in tatters, and with hardly any phosphate left it is now serving its former colonizer Australia as a detention camp for asylum seekers who had been hoping to reach Australia.
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Harris, Anthony C., David R. Cooke, Ana Liza Garcia Cuison, Malissa Groome, Alan J. Wilson, Nathan Fox, John Holliday, and Richard Tosdal. "Chapter 30: Geologic Evolution of Late Ordovician to Early Silurian Alkalic Porphyry Au-Cu Deposits at Cadia, New South Wales, Australia." In Geology of the World’s Major Gold Deposits and Provinces, 621–43. Society of Economic Geologists, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/sp.23.30.

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Abstract The Cadia district of New South Wales contains four alkalic porphyry Au-Cu deposits (Cadia East, Ridgeway, Cadia Hill, and Cadia Quarry) and two Cu-Au-Fe skarn prospects (Big Cadia and Little Cadia), with a total of ~50 Moz Au and ~9.5 Mt Cu (reserves, resources, and past production). The ore deposits are hosted by volcaniclastic rocks of the Weemalla Formation and Forest Reefs Volcanics, which were deposited in a submarine basin on the flanks of the Macquarie Arc during the Middle to Late Ordovician. Alkalic magmatism occurred during the Benambran orogeny in the Late Ordovician to early Silurian, resulting in the emplacement of monzonite intrusive complexes and the formation of porphyry Au-Cu mineralization. Ridgeway formed synchronous with the first compressive peak of deformation and is characterized by an intrusion-centered quartz-magnetite-bornite-chalcopyrite-Au vein stockwork associated with calc-potassic alteration localized around the apex of the pencil-like Ridgeway intrusive complex. The volcanic-hosted giant Cadia East deposit and the intrusion-hosted Cadia Hill and Cadia Quarry deposits formed during a period of relaxation after the first compressive peak of the Benambran orogeny and are characterized by sheeted quartz-sulfide-carbonate vein arrays associated with subtle potassic, calc-potassic, and propylitic alteration halos.
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Bowden, Bradley, and Peta Stevenson-Clarke. "Causes of Railroad Labor Conflict." In Frontiers of Labor. University of Illinois Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252041839.003.0010.

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New World railroads were seminal to nineteenth-century industrialization and European expansion. Funded by the profits of industrialization, the railroads opened new lands for agricultural and pastoral settlement, the produce of which fed the industrial workforces of the North Atlantic littoral while at the same time providing factory looms and foundries with their essential raw materials. Whether in private hands (as in the United States) or under public ownership (as in Australia), New World railroads were in managerial terms unequalled in the size and complexities of their organization. In the 1890s the power of railroad management was seemingly confirmed when they imposed dramatic reductions in wages and other employment conditions on their workforces. Where resisted, as in the United States Pullman Boycott, opposition was soon broken. Yet the managerial and financial strength of the railroads was by the 1890s more apparent than real. As mere cogs in a global production system, the railroads were financial victims of forces that they themselves helped unleash. As railroad-fueled rural expansion gradually swamped global commodity markets, the railroads found that the prices obtained for their core custom (notably corn and wheat) fell remorselessly. As prices fell, so too did railroad rates. While it was these economic mechanisms that drove management toward labor conflict, victories on this front did little to improve management’s position. The reason for this is that the railroads suffered primarily from revenue rather than labor cost problems. Saddled with large fixed costs, the railroads found that even the most severe wage and staffing cuts made little difference to their financial plight.
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van Santen, Rutger, Djan Khoe, and Bram Vermeer. "Preparing for Pandemics." In 2030. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195377170.003.0030.

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The first draft of this chapter was written before the pandemic alert for the 2009 flu was launched. Since then, terms such as swine flu, Mexican flu, or H1N1 were constantly in the headlines. We witnessed the first really worldwide outbreak of a new influenza strain. Events went faster than we foresaw in our original text. We had started the chapter with an imaginary scenario of an outbreak in 2013 not in Mexico but in the East Java, Indonesia, city of Malang. It was not really meant as a prediction but merely a little story to show the consequences of an outbreak. We wanted to show how disruptive the outbreak of a new disease might be. We described all the things that we are now familiar with: doctors who aren’t particularly worried in the beginning; people that live close to their animals and pick up viruses; patients in hospitals with high fever and severe cough; pharmaceutical companies anxious to peddle expensive vaccines. Then we invented some struggle between the Indonesian authorities and the World Health Organization (WHO) about blood samples. That reflects the reluctance of developing nations to cooperate in the production of vaccines they can never afford. In our story, the rest of the world ignored this imaginary outbreak and was oblivious to the rising death toll and the diplomatic wrangling. That’s just like the start of the 2009 flu that probably haunted Mexican villages for many weeks unreported. In our story, the silence was broken when two nurses died in Perth, Australia. The media seized on the story immediately with yelling headlines. In the week that followed, dozens of new cases were reported in Indonesia, Australia, and Singapore, together with the first suspected case in New York. Then there follows all the health humdrum that we are now so familiar with. The WHO has got hold of the flu virus and is preparing to produce a new vaccine. However, the epidemic spreads like an oil slick with the virus striking one major city after another. Antivirals change hands over the Internet for huge sums despite doctors’ warnings that the drugs only work if administered within a few hours of infection.
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Haridasan, M. "Nutrient Cycling as a Function of Landscape and Biotic Characteristics in the Cerrados of Central Brazil." In The Biogeochemistry of the Amazon Basin. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195114317.003.0008.

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The cerrados of central Brazil have long been designated savannas without sufficient understanding of the structure and functioning of the different vegetation forms in the region. Excessive emphasis on identifying similarities with other savannas in Africa and Australia, and even within South America outside Brazil, prevented researchers from recognizing the cerrados’ special features and interdependence among themselves in the landscape where they occur. The more extensive cerrado sensu stricto on dystrophic soils, and to a lesser extent the gallery forests known locally as matas de galeria or matas ciliares, dominated the attention of most botanists and other researchers (Ratter and Dargie 1992, Furley 1992, Furley and Ratter 1988, Furley et al. 1992). Even with increasing interest in biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, very little ongoing research is reported on nutrient cycling from the cerrado region (Solbrig et al. 1996). Information available in the literature is restricted to isolated attempts to describe and quantify specific processes like litterfall and decomposition (Peres et al. 1983), rainwater composition (Schiavini 1983, Delitti 1984), soil fertility gradients (Lopes and Cox 1977), leaf nutrient concentrations (Haridasan 1987, 1992, Araújo and Haridasan 1988), primary productivity of the ground layer (Batmanian and Haridasan 1985, Meirelles and Henrique 1992), effects of burning (Coutinho 1990, Kauffman et al. 1994, Miranda et al. 1996c) and activities of soil fauna (Constantino 1988, Egler and Haridasan 1987, Oliveira Jr. 1985) at specific sites within a particular vegetation. Results of long duration experiments from permanent plots or watersheds are not yet reported in the literature. Very little information is available on the food webs or the role of fauna in nutrient cycling. Research on specific processes like CO2 emission on an ecosystem basis is quite recent (Miranda et al. 1996a, b, Mier et al. 1996). The following discussion is therefore restricted to the occurrence of different vegetation forms in the cerrado region and environmental factors affecting their distribution and functioning in relation to nutrient availability and nutrient cycling processes. One of the difficulties in getting information on research already carried out in Brazil is that the dissertations of graduate students in the universities are seldom published in indexed journals.
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Hardin, Garrett. "From Jevons's Coal to Hubbert's Pimple." In Living within Limits. Oxford University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195078114.003.0018.

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In a commercial society like ours it is understandable that money-makers should be the ones who pay the greatest attention to the implications of economics. Historians have been a breed apart, with most of them (until recently) paying little heed to the ways in which economics affects history. Yet surprisingly, a basis for the eventual integration of economics, ecology, and history was laid in the nineteenth century. The Victorian who tackled history from the economic side was William Stanley Jevons (1835-1882). The distinction made in the previous chapter between living in a area and living on it was a paraphrase of what Jevons wrote about the material basis of English prosperity: "The plains of North America and Russia are our cornfields; Chicago and Odessa our granaries; Canada and the Baltic are our timber forests; Australia contains our sheep farms, and in South America are our herds of oxen;.. . the Chinese grow tea for us, and our coffee, sugar, and spice plantations are in all the Indies. Spain and France are our vineyards, and the Mediterranean our fruit-garden.'" A century before the term "ghost acres" was coined, Jevons had clearly in mind the idea behind the term. Half a century before Jevons was born—in fact in the year the Bastille was stormed by French revolutionaries (1789)—an English mineral surveyer by the name of John Williams had asked, in The Limited Quantity of Coal of Britain, what would happen to the blessings of the industrial revolution when England no longer possessed the wherewithal to power the machinery that produced her wealth? Optimism is so deeply engrained a characteristic of busy people that this warning, like most first warnings, was little noted. It remained for Jevons to rouse the British public in 1865 with the publication of his book, The Coal Question. Jevons's life coincided in time with the period when the nature and significance of energy (in its prenuclear formulation) was becoming manifest to physical scientists. Since energy was needed to turn the wheels of industry, and coal was the most readily available source of energy, Jevons reasoned that the continued political dominance of Great Britain was dependent on the bounty of her coal. This naturally led to the double question, How long would English coal and the British Empire last?
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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Forest litter Australia"

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Burgess, Stephen, Golam M Chowdhury, and Arthur Tatnall. "Student Attitudes to MIS Content in an MBA: A Comparison Across Countries." In 2002 Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2448.

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Export education forms a major part of the Australian economy. Australian universities are now not only accepting overseas students into Australian campuses; they are setting up overseas-based campuses. This is often through an arrangement with a local educational institution or organisation. Subjects in these institutions are delivered by a combination of Victoria University Australian-based staff and local faculty. One of the primary programs being delivered overseas by many Australian institutions is the Master of Business Administration (MBA). This paper examines the delivery of the core i
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Griffiths, Terry, David White, Scott Draper, Adam Leighton, and Antonino Fogliani. "Lateral Resistance of Pipes on Rocky Seabeds: Comparison Between Measurements and Models Based on Synthetic Seabeds." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-61418.

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The behavior of pipelines, cables and umbilicals on rocky seabeds has to date received little research attention. This is despite the marine renewable energy and oil and gas industries relying on these ‘pipes’ to cross a variety of rocky seabed types in the presence of extreme metocean conditions. Present design solutions are challenging and costly, yet there remains a track record of in-service failures. This paper forms part of a wider research effort being undertaken by the University of Western Australia (UWA) into pipe behavior on rocky seabeds. This work includes the effects intermittent
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Jasper, Michael. "Untimely Meditations: Decomposition and Timelessness in Select Writings of Peter Eisenman." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a4004pmiov.

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This paper investigates one aspect in the work of architect, educator and theorist Peter Eisenman (b 1932) through the filter of select writings from the mid 1980s. It does this by examining two texts published in 1984, a period characterised as one of rupture if not emphatically in crisis. The writings considered are “The Futility of Objects: Decomposition and the Processes of Difference” and “The End of the Classical: the End of the Beginning, the End of the End”. Secondary authors referenced include Robin Evans, Kenneth Frampton and Raphael Moneo. The paper conjectures that certain approach
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Pearce Churchill, Meryl, Daniel Lindsay, Diana H Mendez, Melissa Crowe, Nicholas Emtage, and Rhondda Jones. "Does Publishing During the Doctorate Influence Completion Time? A Quantitative Study of Doctoral Candidates in Australia." In InSITE 2022: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences. Informing Science Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4912.

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Aim/Purpose This paper investigates the association between publishing during doctoral candidature and completion time. The effects of discipline and of gaining additional support through a doctoral cohort program are also explored. Background Candidates recognize the value of building a publication track record to improve their career prospects yet are cognizant of the time it takes to publish peer-reviewed articles. In some institutions or disciplines, there is a policy or the expectation that doctoral students will publish during their candidature. How-ever, doctoral candidates are also und
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Griffiths, Terry, Scott Draper, Liang Cheng, Feifei Tong, Antonino Fogliani, David White, Fraser Johnson, Daniel Coles, Stephen Ingham, and Caroline Lourie. "Subsea Cable Stability on Rocky Seabeds: Comparison of Field Observations Against Conventional and Novel Design Methods." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-77130.

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As offshore renewable energy projects progress from concept demonstration to commercial-scale developments there is a need for improved approaches beyond conventional cable engineering design methods that have evolved from larger diameter pipelines for the oil and gas industry. New approaches are needed to capture the relevant physics for small diameter cables on rocky seabeds to reduce the costs and risks of power transmission and increase operational reliability. This paper reports on subsea cables that MeyGen installed for Phase 1a of the Pentland Firth Inner Sound tidal stream energy proje
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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Forest litter Australia"

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Boyle, Maxwell, and Elizabeth Rico. Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Fort Pulaski National Monument: 2019 data summary. National Park Service, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrds-2288716.

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The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) conducts long-term terrestrial vegetation monitoring as part of the nationwide Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service (NPS). The vegetation community vital sign is one of the primary-tier resources identified by SECN park managers, and monitoring is currently conducted at 15 network parks (DeVivo et al. 2008). Monitoring plants and their associated communities over time allows for targeted understanding of ecosystems within the SECN geography, which provides managers information about the degree of change within their parks’ natural veg
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