Artykuły w czasopismach: „Food and nutrition in Kuwait”

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Al-Roumi, Dalal, Dina Abu-Abdo, Mariam Al-Khulaifi, Sara Al-Khadhari, Eman Al-Awadhi i Farouk El-Sabban. "Influence of Nutritional Awareness on Grocery Shopping by Kuwaiti Parents in Relation to Children Nutrition". Advances in Food Technology and Nutrition Sciences – Open Journal 6, nr 2 (31.12.2020): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17140/aftnsoj-6-170.

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Background Caregivers, specifically parents, are ultimately responsible for the nutrition of children living in the household, in spite of the children’s preferences for food items. There have been no studies on the relationship between the nutritional knowledge level of Kuwaiti parents who grocery shop and their children’s nutrition. Therefore, this study was carried out to explore grocery shopping patterns of Kuwaiti parents in relation to their children's eating habits. Methods A questionnaire was administered by 4 of the authors through face-to-face interviews with 100 Kuwaiti parents who grocery shop for their families. The questionnaire was designed to cover three main categories: demographics, parents’ nutritional knowledge, and children’s nutrition. Subjects were interviewed at random at 6 supermarket locations. Data were analyzed utilizing a SPSS statistical package and the Chi–Square test was used to examine the association between variables at the p<0.05 level of significance. Results Demographic data of respondents showed that 92% were married, 66% were females, 61% were university graduates, and 84% allowed children to choose food items while shopping. Children’s age ranged from 2 to 18-years. Results indicated that the media was the main source of nutrition knowledge of participants. About 50% were familiar with food labels, 74% were shopping for nutrition claims and most parents (60%) were shopping for low-fat products. Analysis of data revealed several associations among demographics, nutrition knowledge of parents and nutrition of children. Conclusion This study is the first of its type to be carried out in Kuwait. It revealed several important aspects of parents’ background and awareness of nutrition as influencing factors on their grocery shopping. It is hoped that this line of research will be expanded, for the benefit of children’s health and avoidance of future nutrition-related diseases.

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Al-Ghanim, Latifa, i Dalal Alkazemi. "Factors Associated with Self-Efficacy Toward Healthy Eating and Physical Activity among Kuwaiti Adolescent Girls". Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 9, nr 3 (30.12.2021): 890–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.9.3.16.

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Factors that influence adolescents’ health-related behaviors in Kuwait are unclear. We hypothesized that self-efficacy would be negatively associated with a heavier weight status and positively associated with healthy eating-related behaviors. We aimed to measure healthy eating-related parameters in a sample of Kuwaiti girls and to assess the correlates of self-efficacy. The participants of this cross-sectional study were adolescent schoolgirls. The main outcome measures were self-efficacy, dietary habits, dietary beliefs, nutrition knowledge, physical activity, and weight status per body mass index (BMI) categories. Pearson’s correlation analysis was performed to determine the associations among the healthy behavior-related parameter scores. Independent samples t-test was used to examine the differences in scores between participants’ characteristics and self-efficacy score (SES). Only 19.9% of the participants had high self-efficacy toward healthy eating behaviors, 20.9% had “satisfactory eating habits,” 11.3% had a good comprehension of the meanings of healthy and unhealthy dietary habits and food, 16.3% had good nutrition knowledge, and 29.2% had an active lifestyle. SES is associated negatively with BMI, and positively with all the domains of healthy eating and with physical activity. However, SES was not associated with nutritional knowledge. Adolescent girls in Kuwait demonstrated a high level of self-efficacy toward healthy eating and behaviors with firm nutritional beliefs; however, they failed to practice them. Interventional school nutrition programs could help to improve healthy behaviors among adolescents.

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Salman, Ahmad, Kennedy Ouma Sigodo, Fatima Al-Ghadban, Badreya Al-Lahou, Maha Alnashmi, Souhail Hermassi i Sungsoo Chun. "Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on Physical Activity and Dietary Behaviors in Kuwait: A Cross-Sectional Study". Nutrients 13, nr 7 (30.06.2021): 2252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13072252.

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The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has brought about drastic measures that have significantly altered the norms of daily living. These measures have affected human behaviors in disparate ways. This study seeks to understand the impact of the pandemic on physical activity and dietary behavior among adults living in Kuwait. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between 18 June and 15 July 2020, using a questionnaire disseminated through social media, including WhatsApp and Facebook. The target population was individuals aged 21 years or older living in the State of Kuwait. The study included 679 respondents; 57.9% were females, and 67.7% were Kuwaiti nationals. Both genders reported an increased consumption of vegetables, fruits, and carbohydrates, and a decreased consumption of fish and sugary drinks. Compared to males, females reported eating more during the outbreak than their pre-pandemic eating behaviors (32.3% vs. 35.9%, p < 0.05). Approximately one-third of respondents (33.1%) reported performing less than 30 min of physical activity or exercise in a week, and 36.4% of respondents rated their quality of sleep as ‘poor’ or ‘very poor’. The rate of smoking cigarettes among males was significantly higher than in females (40.6% vs. 5.3%, p < 0.001). Physical activity was positively correlated with vegetable consumption and quality of sleep. Quality of sleep was negatively correlated with the consumption of sweets and snacks, just as the consumption of vegetables was negatively correlated with the consumption of sugary drinks. The overall negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Kuwait necessitates the development of health promotion interventions to support positive physical activity and dietary behaviors using alternative coping strategies among the residents of Kuwait.

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AlTarrah, Dana, Entisar AlShami, Nawal AlHamad, Fatemah AlBesher i Sriraman Devarajan. "The Impact of Coronavirus COVID-19 Pandemic on Food Purchasing, Eating Behavior, and Perception of Food Safety in Kuwait". Sustainability 13, nr 16 (11.08.2021): 8987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13168987.

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During the COVID-19 pandemic, the government in Kuwait implemented public health measures to control the spread of the virus. However, despite the importance of these restrictions, normal activities related to purchasing of groceries, concerns related to food safety, and overall uncertainty may have influenced food behaviors and food consumption. Hence, the study investigates the impact of COVID-19 on food purchasing behaviors, eating behaviors, and the perception of food safety and security among residents in Kuwait. A cross-sectional study was carried out using self-administered questionnaires between 28 July 2020 and 31 August 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kuwait. A total of 841 respondents participated in the study. The study identified several changes in food purchasing behaviors, eating behaviors, food consumption, and consumers perceptions on food safety during the pandemic. The closures, restrictions, and changes in food purchasing evidently influenced individual’s eating behaviors. Largely, participants were found to (i) change their food purchasing behavior (74%); (ii) opt for online food delivery services (42.8%); (iii) purchase long-shelf-life foods (e.g., canned food and dry staples) (76%); (iv) consume more meals at home (76%); and (v) follow public health measures to reduce the spread of the virus and ensure their safety (98%). This study indicates that individuals during times of uncertainty and stress change their food purchasing behaviors, food consumption habits, and follow guidelines and recommendations. These findings may help public health initiatives to focus on raising awareness about the importance of health, wellbeing, and nutrition during times of crises.

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Husain, Wafaa, Fatemah Ashkanani i Maryam A. Al Dwairji. "Nutrition Knowledge among College of Basic Education Students in Kuwait: A Cross-Sectional Study". Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2021 (24.03.2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5560714.

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Lack of nutrition knowledge may contribute to poor dietary practices. Schools are an ideal environment to address this issue and to start the process of nutrition education. Therefore, teachers should be equipped with adequate nutrition knowledge. This study was designed to evaluate the level of general nutrition knowledge and demographic variations in knowledge in a sample of students attending the College of Basic Education in Kuwait. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a modified and validated revised version of the General Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (GNKQ-R) for UK adults. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the association between various factors and nutrition knowledge score. A total of five hundred and ninety-seven students completed the questionnaire. Most respondents (84.1%) had a poor level of nutrition knowledge using original Bloom’s cutoff points. Sex, BMI, cooking habits, and who is responsible for preparing food in the household were the main determinants of nutrition knowledge score at p < 0.05. The mean score of the students was 40.06 ± 9.89 out of 84 points. Females scored significantly higher than males, at 41.10 ± 9.29 and 38.72 ± 10.48, respectively ( p = 0.007). Students with a BMI of ≥30 achieved significantly greater scores (mean 42.30 ± 9.41) than those who were underweight, normal, or overweight ( p < 0.001). Students who stated that they always cook their own food achieved significantly greater scores (mean 43.69 ± 9.58) than those who did not ( p = 0.025). Students who stated that they depend on the housekeeper for food preparation achieved significantly lower scores (mean 38.86 ± 10.13) than those who prepare their own food or depend on their relatives to prepare food ( p = 0.042). Poor nutrition knowledge was found among prospective teachers studying in the College of Basic Education. This must be rectified for the effective implementation of nutrition education programs in schools.

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ALbuloshi, Thurayya, Ahmed M. Kamel i Jeremy P. E. Spencer. "Factors Associated with Low Vitamin D Status among Older Adults in Kuwait". Nutrients 14, nr 16 (15.08.2022): 3342. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14163342.

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Low vitamin D levels among older people represent a significant health problem worldwide. This study aimed to examine the factors associated with vitamin D deficiency in older people (aged ≥ 65) in the Kuwaiti population. A cross-sectional study was conducted in seven primary healthcare centers across Kuwait (November 2020 to June 2021). The participants (n = 237) had their serum vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations (analyzed using LC-MS) classified as sufficiency 75 nmol/L (30 ng/mL) or deficiency < 75 nmol/L (below 30 ng/mL). The data were collected using self-administered questionnaires and face-to-face interviews with participants in geriatric clinics. Binomial logistic regression analysis was applied to assess factors associated with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was found to be present in two thirds of the participants (n = 150, 63%), with a higher prevalence of deficiency in participants who did not receive vitamin D supplements, compared to those who did (84% vs. 16%, p = 0.001). The results from the binary logistic regression showed that a low duration of sun exposure (OR = 0.24, 95% C.I. [0.08–0.7], p = 0.011), dark skin pigmentation (OR = 4.46, 95% [1.35–20.49], p = 0.026), and lower caloric intake (OR = 0.9, 95% C.I. [0.85–0.96], p = 0.001) were risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. Furthermore, a significant inverse relationship was found between vitamin D levels and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (OR = 1.16, 95% C.I. [1.04–1.31], p = 0.016). These findings support the recommendation that vitamin D supplementation and adequate sunlight exposure are necessary for raising low vitamin D levels in older people in Kuwait.

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Alkazemi, Dalal, Munirah Albeajan i Stan Kubow. "Early Infant Feeding Practices as Possible Risk Factors for Immunoglobulin E-Mediated Food Allergies in Kuwait". International Journal of Pediatrics 2018 (3.06.2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1701903.

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Objective. Early feeding and infant exposures have been suggested as potential risk factors for immunoglobulin E- (IgE-) mediated food allergy (FA). We aimed to evaluate the association between IgE-mediated FA in children and early exposures including the child’s nutritional status, breastfeeding and its duration, the age at which the solid food was first introduced, antibiotic exposure during the first year of life, and the child’s vitamin D status during infancy. Design. A case-control study. Setting and Subjects. Children aged 0–13 years were recruited from pediatric allergy and immunology clinics (PAICs) located at major government hospitals in Kuwait (total FA cases: n=100; boys = 67%), and healthy controls (n=100, boys 55%) were recruited from various vaccination units at primary healthcare centers. Results. Cow’s milk allergy was the most common type of FA. FA status was independently associated with the early exposures of exclusive breastfeeding (aOR = 15.55 (3.26–74.19), p=0.001), vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency during infancy (aOR = 5.42 (1.92–15.30), p=0.001), and antibiotic exposure during the first year of life (aOR = 5.00 (1.58–15.84), p=0.006). Conclusions. FA is highly prevalent among children in Kuwait, and our data indicate that early nutrition-related and antibiotic exposures are associated with FA risk.

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Oguoma, Victor M., Mohamed Abu-Farha, Neil T. Coffee, Saad Alsharrah, Faisal H. Al-Refaei, Jehad Abubaker, Mark Daniel i Fahd Al-Mulla. "Metabolically Healthy and Unhealthy Obese Phenotypes among Arabs and South Asians: Prevalence and Relationship with Cardiometabolic Indicators". Nutrients 14, nr 5 (22.02.2022): 915. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14050915.

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Obesity is a public health crisis in Kuwait. However, not all obese individuals are metabolically unhealthy (MuHO) given the link between obesity and future cardiovascular events. We assessed the prevalence of the metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotype and its relationship with high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in Arab and South Asian ethnic groups in Kuwait. The national cross-sectional survey of diabetes and obesity in Kuwait adults aged 18–60 years were analysed. The harmonised definition of metabolic syndrome was used to classify metabolic health. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to model the relationship between the MHO and MuHO phenotypes and hs-CRP, ALT and HOMA-IR levels. Overall, the prevalence of MHO for body mass index (BMI)- and waist circumference (WC)-defined obesity was 30.8% and 56.0%, respectively; it was greater in women (60.4% and 61.8%, respectively) than men (39.6% and 38.2%, respectively). Prevalence rates were also lower for South Asians than for Arabs. The MHO phenotype had hs-CRP values above 3 µg/mL for each age group category. Men compared to women, and South Asians compared to Arabs had a lower relative risk for the MHO group relative to the MuHO group. This study shows there is high prevalence of MHO in Kuwait.

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Ibrahim, Carla, Khlood Bookari, Yonna Sacre, Lara Hanna-Wakim i Maha Hoteit. "Breastfeeding Practices, Infant Formula Use, Complementary Feeding and Childhood Malnutrition: An Updated Overview of the Eastern Mediterranean Landscape". Nutrients 14, nr 19 (9.10.2022): 4201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14194201.

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Background: With increasing global rates of overweight, obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) along with undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies, the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) is no exception. This review focuses on specific nutrition parameters among under five years children, namely ever breastfed, exclusive breastfeeding, mixed milk feeding, continued breastfeeding, bottle feeding, introduction of solid, semi-solid, or soft foods and malnutrition. Methodology: PubMed, Google Scholar, United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) databases, World Health Organization (WHO) databases, the World Bank databases and the Global Nutrition Report databases were explored between 10 January and 6 June 2022, to review the nutrition situation among under five years children in the EMR. Results: The regional average prevalence of ever breastfed, exclusive breastfeeding, mixed milk feeding, continued breastfeeding, bottle feeding, introduction of solid, semi-solid, or soft foods was estimated at 84.3%, 30.9%, 42.9%, 41.5%, 32.1% and 69.3%, respectively. Iran, Iraq, Libya and Palestine have seen a decline over time in the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding. Lebanon, Egypt, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia reported early introduction of infant formula. Moreover, Lebanon, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates were seen to introduce food early to the child, at between 4–6 months of age. The estimated weighted regional averages for stunting, wasting and underweight were 20.3%, 8.9% and 13.1%, respectively. Of concern is the increasing prevalence of stunting in Libya. As for overweight and obesity, the average prevalence was reported to be 8.9% and 3%, respectively. Lebanon, Libya, Kuwait and Palestine showed an increased trend throughout this time. Conclusions: In this review, the suboptimal infant and young child feeding patterns and the twofold incidence of malnutrition in the EMR are highlighted and we urge the prioritizing of measures to improve children’s nutrition.

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Abdullah, B. K., i W. A. organ. "Nutritional and metabolic assessment ofdiabetes in children in Kuwait". Journal of the American Dietetic Association 101, nr 9 (wrzesień 2001): A—75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8223(01)80250-9.

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Zaghloul, Sahar, Suad N. Al-Hooti, Nawal Al-Hamad, Sameer Al-Zenki, Husam Alomirah, Iman Alayan, Hassan Al-Attar i in. "Evidence for nutrition transition in Kuwait: over-consumption of macronutrients and obesity". Public Health Nutrition 16, nr 4 (14.09.2012): 596–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980012003941.

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AbstractObjectivesTo describe nutrient intakes and prevalence of overweight and obesity in a nationally representative sample of Kuwaitis and to compare intakes with reference values.DesignCross-sectional, multistage stratified, cluster sample.SettingsNational nutrition survey covering all geographical areas of the country.SubjectsKuwaitis (n 1704) between 3 and 86 years of age.ResultsObesity was more prevalent among women than men (50 % and 70 % for females aged 19–50 years and ≥51 years, respectively, v. 29 % and 42 % for their male counterparts). Boys were more obese than girls, with the highest obesity rate among those aged 9–13 years (37 % and 24 % of males and females, respectively). Energy intake was higher than the estimated energy requirements for almost half of Kuwaiti children and one-third of adults. The Estimated Average Requirement was exceeded by 78–100 % of the recommendation for protein and carbohydrates. More than two-thirds of males aged ≥4 years exceeded the Tolerable Upper Intake Level for Na. Conversely, less than 20 % of Kuwaitis, regardless of age, consumed 100 % or more of the Estimated Average Requirement for vitamin D, vitamin E, Ca, n-3 and n-6 fatty acids. Less than 20 % of children met the recommended level for fibre.ConclusionsNutrition transition among Kuwaitis was demonstrated by the increased prevalence of obesity and overweight, increased intakes of energy and macronutrients and decreased intakes of fibre and micronutrients. Interventions to increase awareness about healthy foods combined with modifications in subsidy policies are clearly warranted to increase consumption of low-energy, nutrient-dense foods.

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Dashti, B. H. R., i S. F. AL-Hamli. "Investigation of Mycotoxins in Selected Food Commodities in Kuwait: A Case Study". Journal of the American Dietetic Association 110, nr 9 (wrzesień 2010): A92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2010.06.343.

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Sawaya, Wajih, Adnan Husain, Fawzia Al‐Awadhi, Nawal Al‐Hamad, Basma Dashti, Jameela Al‐Saqger i Basma Dashti. "Consumption patterns of artificially coloured foods among children in Kuwait". Nutrition & Food Science 37, nr 3 (29.05.2007): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346650710749044.

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El-Sabban, Farouk, i Hanan E. Badr. "Assessment of Nutrition Knowledge and Related Aspects among First-Year Kuwait University Students". Ecology of Food and Nutrition 50, nr 2 (15.03.2011): 181–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03670244.2011.552376.

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Sabban, Farouk El. "In Quest for a Food Guide for Kuwait – An Opportunity for Innovation by Undergraduate Students Majored in Nutrition". Journal of Nutritional Health & Food Science 4, nr 3 (27.07.2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.15226/jnhfs.2016.00164.

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Al-Taiar, Abdullah, Nawal Alqaoud, Majeda S. Hammoud, Faheema Alanezi, Nawal Aldalmani i Monica Subhakaran. "WHO infant and young child feeding indicators in relation to anthropometric measurements". Public Health Nutrition 23, nr 10 (14.04.2020): 1665–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019004634.

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AbstractObjective:This study aimed to report the WHO infant and young child feeding (IYCF) indicators from Kuwait and to investigate the associations between these indicators and anthropometric measurements.Design:The Kuwait Nutritional Surveillance System uses observational cross-sectional approach to collects data by face-to-face interviews with mothers or child guardians using a structured questionnaire that was developed based on the WHO IYCF indicators. The weight and height of infants and young children were measured using digital scales in a standardised manner.Setting:Vaccination centres in all governorates (provinces) of Kuwait.Participants:Infants and young Kuwaiti children aged 0–23 months (N 5839).Results:The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and age-appropriate breastfeeding were 8·0 and 7·4 %, respectively. The prevalence of stunting and wasting was 7·5 and 2·4 %, respectively, while the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 6·5 and 1·6 %, respectively. In the multivariable analysis, exclusive breastfeeding and age-appropriate breastfeeding were more common in children with stunted growth (AOR 1·71 (95 % CI 1·08, 2·70; P = 0·021) and 1·44 (95 % CI 1·01, 2·06; P = 0·046), respectively). The introduction of solid/semisolid or soft foods was inversely associated with stunting (AOR 0·52; 95 % CI 0·30, 0·90; P = 0·021). Only age-appropriate breastfeeding was inversely associated with overweight (AOR 0·62; 95 % CI 0·39, 0·98; P = 0·043).Conclusion:Our findings showed that indicators of breastfeeding are low in Kuwait. Our findings suggest that the associations between different WHO IYCF indicators and stunting as well as overweight is complex, which highlights the need for a better understanding of WHO IYCF indicators in both low- and high-income countries.

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Alkazemi, Dalal, Noora Alsouri, Tasleem Zafar i Stan Kubow. "Hypomagnesemia and the Metabolic Syndrome among Apparently Healthy Kuwaiti Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study". Nutrients 14, nr 24 (9.12.2022): 5257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14245257.

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Magnesium plays a key role in metabolic disorder development, and hypomagnesemia may be implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the associations between hypomagnesemia, MetS, and MetS components among 231 adults (193 women and 38 men) living in Kuwait who were apparently healthy without chronic diseases. We used the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the United States National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) criteria to define participants with MetS. The Ministry of Health cutoff for hypomagnesemia (<0.74 mmol/L) was employed. IDF- and ATP III-defined MetS prevalence was 22.1% and 15.2%, respectively. Hypomagnesemia occurred in 33.3% of all participants and 53.2% of participants with MetS (p < 0.001). Magnesemia correlated negatively with body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and triglyceride level; magnesemia correlated positively with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for BMI, age, and sex, showed that hypomagnesemia was associated with a 12- and 5-fold greater odds of getting IDF-defined (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 11.70; 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.87–28.14) and ATP-defined (aOR 5.44; 95% CI 2.10–14.10) MetS, respectively, in the study population. Hypomagnesemia was significantly associated with a 3.62, 9.29, 7.01, 2.88, 3.64, and 3.27 higher odds of an increased waist circumference (95% CI 1.48–8.85), elevated serum triglyceride level (95% CI 3.97–21.73), elevated FBG (95% CI 3.25–15.11), elevated SBP (95% CI 1.16–7.11), elevated DBP (95% CI: 1.22–10.89), and lowered HDL-C level (95% CI 1.69–6.32), respectively. Hypomagnesemia could be a consequence of the pathophysiology of MetS and its individual components among adults in Kuwait.

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Alkazemi, Dalal Usamah Zaid, i Asma Saleh. "Adequacy of dairy product intake among children in Kuwait using a short dietary assessment questionnaire". Nutrition & Food Science 49, nr 1 (11.02.2019): 112–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nfs-04-2018-0120.

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PurposeThis paper aims to assess the consumption of dairy products in Kuwaiti children, and develop and validate a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire to measure dairy product consumption.Design/methodology/approachThis cross-sectional study was based on a sample of child–parent dyads (n= 150). A dietary assessment questionnaire on local dairy products consumed by preschool and preadolescent children was developed. Serving and portion sizes were evaluated on the basis of the guidelines of the United States Department of Agriculture and the American Academy of Pediatrics to calculate median intake levels of three age groups (3-5, 6-8 and 9-11 years).FindingsAll children met or exceeded the recommended daily servings of dairy products for their age and sex. Dairy product intake was often from processed dairy including milk-based desserts, flavored milk and cheese. Compared to boys, girls consumed more yogurt (15.5 per cent vs 14.2 per cent,p= 0.001) and milk-based desserts (15.5 vs 14.3,p= 0.001). In boys, flavored milk contributed more to the total dairy intake than in girls, especially in 6-8-year-olds (21.8 per cent vs 18.9 per cent,p= 0.021). Weight status was not associated with dairy product intake in either sex.Originality/valueThis is the first study that quantifies dairy product consumption in Kuwaiti children and provides insight into sex-specific trends in dairy product selection. The findings of this study may help in investigating relationships between dairy product consumption in children and disease risk factors, and are important for the development of local dietary guidelines for children.

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El-Sabban, Farouk. "Self-expression assignment as a teaching approach to enhance the interest of Kuwaiti women in biological sciences". Advances in Physiology Education 32, nr 2 (czerwiec 2008): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00045.2007.

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Stimulating the interest of students in biological sciences necessitates the use of new teaching methods and motivating approaches. The idea of the self-expression assignment (SEA) has evolved from the prevalent environment at the College for Women of Kuwait University (Safat, State of Kuwait), a newly established college where the number of students is low and where students have varied backgrounds and interests and are being instructed biological sciences in English for the first time. This SEA requires each student to choose a topic among a long list of topics and interact with it in any way to produce a finished product without the interference of the course instructor. Students are told that the SEA will be graded based on their commitment, creative thinking, innovation in developing the idea, and finishing up of the chosen assignment. The SEA has been implemented in three introductory courses, namely, Biology, Introduction to Human Nutrition and Food Science, and The Human Body. Many interesting projects resulted from the SEA, and, based on an administered survey, students assessed this assignment very favorably. Students expressed their pleasure of experiencing freedom in choosing their own topics, interacting with such topics, learning more about them, and finishing up their projects. Students appreciated this type of exposure to biological sciences and expressed that such an experience enhanced their interest in such sciences.

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Al-Isa, Abdulwahab Naser. "Are Kuwaitis Getting Fatter?" Nutrition and Health 17, nr 3 (lipiec 2003): 185–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026010600301700301.

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The purpose of the study is to compare temporal changes in BMI, overweight (BMI >25 Kg/m2) and obesity) and obesity (BMI >30 Kg/m2) of two independent cross-sectional samples of Kuwaitis studied in 1980–81 and 1993–94. The earlier sample of 2067 (896 men and 1171 women) and the latter sample of 3435 (1730 men and 1705 women) adult Kuwaitis (aged ≥18 years), were drawn from primary health care (PHC) clinics and studied for nutritional assessment and for prevalence of obesity in 1980–81 and 1993–94, respectively. Weight was measured in kilograms and height in meters to obtain the body mass index (BMI), which is the weight in kilograms divided by the height in meters squared (Kg/m2). BMI >25 and >30 Kg/m2 were classified as overweight and obesity, respectively. The results of the study show that mean BMI (Kg/m2) increased significantly (p < 0.001) by 10.0 and 6.2% (2.5 and 1.7 Kg/m2) among men and women, respectively. Prevalence of overweight and obesity (BMI >25 and >30 Kg/m2) increased by 20.6 and 15.4% and by 13.7 and 8.4% among men and women, respectively. After controlling for sociodemographic differences between the two study periods, mean BMI was 2.0 and 1.6 Kg/m2 higher in 1993–94 than in 1980–81 among men and women, respectively. Prevalence of overweight and obesity (BMI >25 and >30 Kg/m2) also increased among both genders between the two periods (OR=2.1, 95% CI 1.7–2.7 and OR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.5–2.4, for men and OR=2.2, 95% CI 1.6–3.0 and OR = 1.4, 95% CI 2.2 CI 1.0–1.9, for women). It can be concluded that the BMI, prevalence of overweight and obesity increased among Kuwaitis between 1980–81 and 1993–94, probably due to the effects of modernization, affluence, increased food consumption and the concomitant changes to sedentary lifestyles. The rate of temporal changes in BMI and obesity were higher, by comparison, in Kuwait than in selected other countries.

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Albolushi, Thurayya, Manal Bouhaimed i Jeremey Spencer. "Lower Blood Vitamin D Levels Are Associated with Depressive Symptoms in a Population of Older Adults in Kuwait: A Cross-Sectional Study". Nutrients 14, nr 8 (8.04.2022): 1548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14081548.

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Low serum vitamin D has been associated with an increased risk of neuropsychiatry disorders. This study aimed to examine the association between vitamin D deficiency and depression in adults aged 65 years and older. This cross-sectional study was conducted in seven primary healthcare centers across Kuwait (November 2020 to June 2021). The participants (n = 237) had their serum vitamin D 25-(OH)-D concentrations (analyzed by LC-MS) classified as sufficient, ≥75 nmol/L (30 ng/mL); insufficient, 50–75 nmol/L (20–30 ng/mL); or deficient, <50 nmol/L (20 ng/mL). Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the 15-Item Geriatric Depression Scale (15-item GDS). The mean serum 25-OH-D levels (nmol/L) in volunteers with normal, mild, moderate, and severe depression were 100.0 ± 31.7, 71.2 ± 38.6, 58.6 ± 30.1 and 49.0 ± 6.93, respectively (p < 0.001). The participants in the vitamin D sufficiency group were significantly less likely to exhibit depressive symptoms (88.2%) than patients with mild (36%) and moderate (21%) depression (p < 0.001). Ordinal logistic regression showed that vitamin D deficiency (OR = 19.7, 95% CI 5.60, 74.86, p < 0.001) and insufficiency (OR = 6.40, 95% CI 2.20, 19.91, p < 0.001) were associated with higher odds of having depressive symptoms. A low serum vitamin D level is a significant predictor of symptoms of depression among older individuals.

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Alsharairi, Naser A. "Diet and Food Allergy as Risk Factors for Asthma in the Arabian Gulf Region: Current Evidence and Future Research Needs". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, nr 20 (12.10.2019): 3852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16203852.

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease which is associated with higher levels of systemic inflammation. The causes of asthma remain poorly understood. Unhealthy diet and food allergy are potential risk factors for developing asthma. The prevalence of asthma in the Arabian Gulf region (AGR), and Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Qatar in particular, is higher than in other Eastern Mediterranean countries. In the AGR, diets tend to be of low nutritional value due to high levels of total energy, cholesterol, sodium, added sugars and saturated fat, and low levels of fiber, fruit and vegetables. A few studies that include children and adults in the AGR have suggested a potential link between unhealthy diets/specific food allergens and increased risk of asthma, however, the association of food allergy with asthma is still a controversial issue. The aim of this commentary is to consider the evidence from the AGR regarding the effects of diet/food allergy on asthma risk that may be used to make recommendations for future research.

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Shatwan, Israa M., Eiman A. Alhinai, Balqees Alawadhi, Shelini Surendran, Najlaa M. Aljefree i Noha M. Almoraie. "High Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Is Associated with a Reduced Risk of Obesity among Adults in Gulf Countries". Nutrients 13, nr 3 (19.03.2021): 995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030995.

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The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is considered as a good example of a healthy dietary pattern that has protective effects on obesity. The aim of the present study was to assess the adherence of adults from three Gulf countries (Saudi Arabia, Oman, and Kuwait) to the MedDiet and its association with obesity risk. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 961 men and women (75.7%) aged 20–55 years old. Waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference (HC) were measured waist/hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. A validated 14-item Questionnaire was used to measure adherence to MedDiet. The mean of the adherence to MedDiet score was 5.9 ± 2.03 for the total sample. An inverse association was observed between the adherence to MedDiet and BMI after adjusting for potential confounders (p = 0.0003 in total participants, and p = 0.001 in women only). A protective effect was seen with a higher adherence to the MedDiet on HC, suggesting that a greater adherence to the MedDiet was associated with a decreased HC (p = 0.04 in total participants, and p = 0.01 in women only). In conclusion, low adherence to the MedDiet among participants from three gulf countries was associated with increased obesity indicators, BMI, and HC.

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Razzaque, M. A., S. A. Mohammed, T. Al-Mutawa i M. Bedair. "Growth, Reproduction and Milk Yield of Holstein Friesian Heifers Born and Adapted in Kuwait". Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 8, nr 8 (15.07.2009): 1159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2009.1159.1163.

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Al-Adilah, Hanan, Tahani Khalaf Al-Sharrah, Dhia Al-Bader, Rainer Ebel, Frithjof Christian Küpper i Puja Kumari. "Assessment of Arabian Gulf Seaweeds from Kuwait as Sources of Nutritionally Important Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs)". Foods 10, nr 10 (14.10.2021): 2442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10102442.

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The fatty acid (FA) compositions of ten seaweeds representative of Chlorophyta, Rhodophyta, and Ochrophyta from Kuwait in the Arabian Gulf region were determined and are discussed in the context of their potential nutritional perspectives for seaweed valorization. All the seaweeds had higher saturated fatty acid (SFA) and lower monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) contents than those typical of tropical environments. Palmitic, myristic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, α-linolenic, and stearidonic acids were the major FAs detected. Arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids were detected in minor amounts. Conserved fatty acid patterns revealed phylogenetic relationships among phyla, classes, and orders matching the molecular phylogenies at higher taxonomic ranks. Hierarchical clustering analyses clearly segregated different seaweeds (except Codium papillatum and Iyengaria stellata) into distinct groups based on their FA signatures. All but one species (Chondria sp.) had health-beneficial n6/n3 PUFAs (0.33:1–2.94:1) and atherogenic (0.80–2.52) and thrombogenic indices (0.61–5.17). However, low PUFA/SFA contents in most of the species (except Ulva spp.) may limit their utilization in the formulation of PUFA-rich functional foods. Ulva spp. had substantially high PUFAs with PUFA/SFA > 0.4, n6/n3 (0.33–0.66) and atherogenic (0.80–1.15) and thrombogenic indices (0.49–0.72), providing substantial potential for their utilization in food and feed applications.

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Abbas, Ali Hasan Bu, Ashraf Ali Abd El Sattar Yusuf, Bassam Shaker Badawi i Hasan Faleh Sanam Al Shammari. "Contamination of the organophosphorus insecticide ethion residues in commercial samples of red-hot chilli spice in Kuwait". International Journal of Food Safety, Nutrition and Public Health 2, nr 1 (2009): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijfsnph.2009.026919.

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Fox, Ann. "Kuwa Tayari (Be Prepared): Incorporating Global Climate Change into an Undergraduate Food and Nutrition Course". Critical Dietetics 4, nr 2 (4.11.2019): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32920/cd.v4i2.1322.

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Al-Farhan, Abdulaziz Kh, Tyler Brian Becker, Erich Petushek, Lorraine Weatherspoon i Joseph J. Carlson. "Reliability of the Block Kid's Food Frequency Questionnaire translated to Arabic and adapted for Kuwaiti children". Nutrition 90 (październik 2021): 111289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2021.111289.

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Narayan, Prem, i Subhash Chand. "Explaining status and scope of pomegranate production in India: An economic analysis". INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS 11, nr 2 (15.09.2020): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/irjaes/11.2/157-165.

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The pomegranate was found very profitable crop as compared to others traditional food and oilseeds crops. Laying the route map to double the farmer’s income has decided to double farmers’ income by 2022 by improving technology and policy, increasing milk production and high value crops production like; fruits and vegetable. It will require annual growth rate 10.4 per cent (Ramesh Chand, 2017). The area and production of the pomegranate was recorded 124 thousand hectares, 884 thousand tons and productivity 71.3 quintals, respectively during 2007-08. There was seen quantum jump in both area and production from 113 to 216 thousand hectares about twice and 745 to 2613 thousand tons almost 3.5 times, respectively, during 2012-13 to 2016-17. The highest share of major importing countries like; United Arab Emirates 42.82 per cent, Bangladesh 24.49 per cent, Nepal 8.03 per cent, Saudi Arabia 5.87, Kuwait 2.57 per cent, Netherland 2.53 and the other like Sri Lanka, Thailand, Bahrain and Malaysia below 2 per cent during (TE) 2016-17. A basket of the pomegranate has embedded in human history and its utilization was associated with several ancient cultures for its fruit, nutritional and medicinal value of pharmaceutical industries. In the recent past, its wide range of significance in human health, malnutrition and provide better livelihood security in rural and urban areas. Therefore, production of pomegranate not only will boost the income of the farmers but also ensure the social security in India.

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Al-Lahou, Badreya, Lynne M. Ausman, José L. Peñalvo, Gordon S. Huggins, Suad Al-Hooti, Sameer Al-Zenki i Fang Fang Zhang. "Dietary Patterns Associated with the Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Kuwaiti Adults". Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 120, nr 3 (marzec 2020): 424–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2019.09.012.

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Taha, Nehad, Naglaa Mesbah, Zahra Rahme, Dina Omar i Faten Sukkar. "Piloting a Culturally Adapted Arabic Structured Small-Group Education Program for Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes". Medical Principles and Practice 29, nr 2 (4.09.2019): 142–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000503084.

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Background:Kuwait has a high prevalence and incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D). At present there is a need for structured educational programs (SEP) specifically tailored for Arabian youth with T1D. This SEP was locally and culturally adapted from the Kids In Control of Food (KICk-OFF) course delivered at the Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait. Aims:To explore the psychological and social impact of a pilot SEP for Arabian youth with T1D and their mothers through exploring their respective perspectives. Methods:All 20 participants were interviewed using semistructured interviews individually, with a duration of approximately 30-45 min. The interviews were recorded and then transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using an inductive thematic approach. Results:The adolescents gained more self-confidence in managing their diabetes and their mothers were more confident in allowing their children take the lead in their diabetes self-management. Participants were empowered with adequate knowledge about the underlying pathophysiology of glucose metabolism and the nutritional and pharmacological management which made them feel in control and helped them to better cope with diabetes. It reduced diabetes-related family stress and gave them more social freedom, supporting behavioral change for a better lifestyle. Conclusions:Attending the adapted SEP had a positive impact on adolescents with T1D and their mothers through enhancement of their knowledge and confidence, thus giving them a sense of disease control. This pilot study has proven effective in terms of enhancement of confidence in diabetes management and psychosocial factors. Therefore, there is a need for a wider implementation.

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Sawaya, Wajih N., Fawzia Al-Awadhi, Abdul Aziz, A. Al-Rashdan, B. T. Mahjoub i H. Al-Amiri. "Nutritional Profile of Kuwaiti Composite Dishes: Minerals and Vitamins". Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 11, nr 1 (marzec 1998): 70–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jfca.1997.0558.

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Allafi, Ahmad R., Fahhad Alajmi i Ahmad Al-Haifi. "Survey of nutrition knowledge of physicians in Kuwait". Public Health Nutrition 16, nr 7 (31.07.2012): 1332–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980012003606.

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AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the present study was to determine whether nutrition knowledge differs between male and female physicians working in Kuwait City, Kuwait.DesignThe study employed a cross-sectional analysis of physician's nutrition knowledge by using a sixteen-item multiple-choice questionnaire.SettingGovernmental hospitals in Kuwait City, Kuwait.SubjectsOne hundred Kuwaiti physicians (fifty males; fifty females) working in Kuwait City, Kuwait.ResultsA response rate of 73 % was achieved (forty males; thirty-three females). The mean percentage of correctly answered questions was 60 %. The male and female physicians averaged 56 % and 65 % of correct responses, respectively (P = 0·042). However, only for two questions did male and female physicians’ scores differ significantly (P < 0·05). The two age groups (<40 years; ≥40 years) had equal mean total correct scores (60 %, P = 0·935). Physicians’ knowledge was greatest for topics that have received a great deal of media coverage in Kuwait. Most (70 %) of the physicians described their nutrition knowledge as ‘moderate’.ConclusionsPhysicians in Kuwait gave inaccurate information regarding common problems in Kuwaitis such as obesity, hypertension and osteoporosis. In view of the public's perception of the role of the physician in providing nutrition advice, it is imperative that nutrition and diet training be part of continuing medical education to bridge these deficiencies in physicians’ knowledge.

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Katoue, Maram Gamal, Dalal Al-Taweel, Kamal Mohamed Matar i Samuel B. Kombian. "Parenteral nutrition in hospital pharmacies". International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 29, nr 6 (11.07.2016): 664–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-08-2015-0104.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore parenteral nutrition (PN) practices in hospital pharmacies of Kuwait and identify potential avenues for quality improvement in this service. Design/methodology/approach – A descriptive, qualitative study about PN practices was conducted from June 2012 to February 2013 in Kuwait. Data were collected via in-depth semi-structured interviews with the head total parenteral nutrition (TPN) pharmacists at seven hospitals using a developed questionnaire. The questionnaire obtained information about the PN service at each hospital including the existence of nutritional support teams (NSTs), PN preparation practices, quality controls and guidelines/protocols. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed for content. Findings – Seven hospitals in Kuwait provided PN preparation service through TPN units within hospital pharmacies. Functional NSTs did not exist in any of these hospitals. All TPN units used paper-based standard PN order forms for requesting PN. The content of PN order forms and PN formulas labeling information were inconsistent across hospitals. Most of the prepared PN formulas were tailor-made and packed in single compartment bags. Quality controls used included gravimetric analysis and visual inspection of PN formulations, and less consistently reported periodic evaluation of the aseptic techniques. Six TPN units independently developed PN guidelines/protocols. Originality/value – This study revealed variations in many aspects of PN practices among the hospitals in Kuwait and provided recommendations to improve this service. Standardization of PN practices would enhance the quality of care provided to patients receiving PN and facilitate national monitoring. This can be accomplished through the involvement of healthcare professionals with expertise in nutrition support working within proactive NSTs.

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Mehta, Anupam, i Karuna Lulla. "Kuwait Food Company (Americana): Financial Analysis". South Asian Journal of Business and Management Cases 5, nr 2 (grudzień 2016): 168–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2277977916665979.

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This case makes an attempt to carry out financial analysis of the performance of Kuwait Food Company with a view to understand if it would be worth investing in it. The case is developed from the perspective of Mohd Hussain, a small investor in Kuwait, who had already lost heavily in speculative investment. Being from a commerce background, he decided to apply his learning from a finance masters class. As he started to explore the company, he was puzzled with the financials of the company. Although Americana’s share prices had increased, the company’s finances were not so impressive. The sales of the company had been increasing in the last three quarters, but the net profit had gone down over the previous few years from KWD 54 million in the year 2011 to KWD 50 million in the year 2012. Even the margins were squeezed for the recent three quarters in 2013. With this information, Hussain knew that several answers were needed before making the investment choices. Was the growth of Americana’s share prices a speculative mania, or did it actually represent value? What were the issues with Americana’s profitability? How was the overall financial health of the business?

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Amine, Ezzat K., i Fawzia Al-Awadi. "Expatriate maids and food patterns in Kuwait". Journal of the Royal Society of Health 110, nr 4 (sierpień 1990): 138–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146642409011000410.

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Ali, Fatima. "A Survey of Self-Reported Food Allergy and Food-Related Anaphylaxis among Young Adult Students at Kuwait University, Kuwait". Medical Principles and Practice 26, nr 3 (2017): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000464361.

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Kandela, Peter. "kuwait The Kuwaiti passion for food cannot be shaken". Lancet 353, nr 9160 (kwiecień 1999): 1249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)66930-9.

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Alajmi, Fahhad, i Shawn M. Somerset. "Food system sustainability and vulnerability: food acquisition during the military occupation of Kuwait". Public Health Nutrition 18, nr 16 (23.01.2015): 3060–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980014003048.

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AbstractObjectiveTo document food acquisition experiences during Iraqi military occupation in Kuwait.DesignRetrospective cross-sectional study.SettingUrban areas in Kuwait during occupation.SubjectsThose living in Kuwait during the period of occupation, and aged between 15 to 50 years at the time of occupation, recruited by snowball sampling. A total of 390 completed questionnaires (response rate 78 %, 202 female and 188 male) were returned.ResultsDuring the occupation, food became increasingly difficult to acquire. Two food systems emerged: (i) an underground Kuwaiti network linked to foods recovered from local food cooperatives and (ii) a black market supplied by food imported through Iraq or stolen locally. Food shortages led to reductions in meal size and frequency. Some respondents (47·7 %) reported not having sufficient income to purchase food and 22·1 % had to sell capital items to purchase food. There was a significant increase (P<0·01) in home production, with 23·1 % of people growing vegetables and 39·0 % raising animals to supplement food needs. Reduction in food wastage also emerged as a significant self-reported behaviour change. Respondents reported deterioration in the quality and availability of fish, milk, and fruit in particular. Despite a decrease in opportunities for physical activity, most respondents reported that they lost weight during the occupation.ConclusionsAlthough the Kuwaiti population fell by about 90 % and domestic food production increased during the 7-month occupation, the local population continued to rely heavily on imported food to meet population needs. The high prevalence of self-reported weight loss indicates the inadequacies of this food supply. High apparent food security in systems which significantly exceed the ecological carrying capacity of the local environment and rely on mass food importation remains vulnerable.

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Al-Kandari, Dina, Jumanah Al-abdeen i Jiwan Sidhu. "Food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices of food handlers in restaurants in Kuwait". Food Control 103 (wrzesień 2019): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.03.040.

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El-Sabban, Farouk, Fay Al-Dousari, Shahad Al-Otaibi, Dalal Ali i Farhia A. Mohammad. "Status of Nutrition and Health of the Elderly in Kuwait - A Pilot Study". Nutrition and Food Processing 5, nr 3 (28.05.2022): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2637-8914/091.

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With advances in medicine and medical care, the life span of the elderly population is becoming longer and represents a considerable percentage of society. Therefore, nutrition, lifestyle, and general health of the elderly gained more attention in recent years. However, there have not been published reports on the nutrition and health of the elderly in Kuwait. Thus, this cross-sectional study aims to assess the nutrition and health status of a sample of the elderly in Kuwait. A simple questionnaire was designed and distributed among 149 Kuwaiti and non-Kuwaiti elderly of both genders at various locations. Obtained data were analyzed using the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS- V.19). Findings of this study showed that the range for age of participants was 60-85 years, 96% lived with family and consumed homemade meals, about 70% ate three meals/day, and 70% were overweight (41%) and obese (29%). Diabetes and hypertension were most prevalent among participants, and only 40% followed a dietary program for their health problems. Therefore, the overall nutritional status of the elderly in Kuwait seems adequate. We conclude that interest in the nutrition of the elderly should take individuality into account. In addition, the elderly who are diseased and socially disadvantaged should be given more care, whether from a general health or nutritional perspective. Additionally, we recommend that further large-scale studies ought to be carried out that would reveal various aspects of care for the elderly and help in drawing appropriate strategies in this regard.

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Sawaya, W. N., F. Al‐Awadhi, B. Dashti, S. Khalafawi, S. Al‐Zenki i S. A. Al‐Kandari. "Nutritional profile of Kuwaiti composite dishes: Proximate composition, phytates content and protein quality evaluation". Ecology of Food and Nutrition 36, nr 1 (luty 1997): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03670244.1997.9991503.

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Alrashidi, Abdullah E. M. F., Muataz Hazza Faizi Al Hazza i Ahsan Ali Khan. "The Scenario of Supply Chain Management in Kuwait Food Industry". International Journal of Engineering Materials and Manufacture 3, nr 3 (10.09.2018): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.26776/ijemm.03.03.2018.05.

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Supply chain management (SCM) has been well-known to strongly influence the company performance. in food manufacturing industries. In this study quality, time, information, flexibility, and integration have been selected as variables to predict their influence on Kuwait food industries. The methodology of the study was developed where five hypotheses have been proposed on the relationship among the selected factors and the performance. To evaluate the hypotheses, an examination through a questionnaire was conducted, followed by its analysis with Statistics Packaging for Social Science (SPSS) and Minitab applications. The findings were found to be in support of two hypotheses only. Oher three hypotheses were rejected. This study showed the ways in which order the factors should be prioritized to improve the performance of an organization.

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Kapur, Radhika. "Food and Nutrition". Acta Scientific Nutritional Health 3, nr 9 (22.08.2019): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31080/asnh.2019.03.0422.

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Menezes, Elizabete Wenzel de. "Food and nutrition". Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 47, nr 1 (marzec 2011): 195–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502011000100029.

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Wharton, Christopher. "Food Beyond Nutrition". Teaching Ethics 11, nr 2 (2011): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/tej20111123.

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Abu Al-Rous, Ahmed, i Ahmed Obaid. "THE FOOD GAP FOR THE MOST IMPORTANT FOOD COMMODITIES IN THE STATE OF KUWAIT". Journal of Productivity and Development 25, nr 4 (1.10.2020): 393–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2020.140141.

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Alalo, Mohammad, Abdullah Aljabber i Adel Naseeb. "Household expenditure patterns in Kuwait". Journal of Research in Emerging Markets 2, nr 2 (28.03.2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30585/jrems.v2i2.402.

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Household expenditure is the second prominent component of GDP for Kuwait, consisting of 43% GDP, and it has been moderately growing for the past decade. It is essential to understand the nature of household expenditure, a fundamental macroeconomic driver with immense significance for policymaking. This paper utilises the latest Kuwait Household Expenditure Survey data to study household expenditure patterns in Kuwait. It examines and compares the variation of household expenditure patterns for nationals (Kuwaitis) and expatriate households over nine different major commodity groups. The paper investigates the patterns of household expenditure and the response of their characteristics on the level of expenditure by employing Heckman two-step estimation method. The results suggest that different factors affect the probability of consuming a commodity and the level of expenditure between the two household groups. Kuwaiti’s expenditure is more responsive to food, housing, communication and recreation commodities and less responsive to clothing, health, transportation and restaurants than expatriates. In general, there is a significant variation of expenditure patterns across all commodities between the two household groups.

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Ibrahim, Nadine, Dima AlKaed, Fatima Ismail i Roula Barake. "Validity, reliability and use of a Kuwait child nutrition knowledge assessment questionnaire". Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 26, nr 5 (1.05.2020): 602–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2020.26.5.602.

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Worsley, Anthony. "Nutrition knowledge and food consumption: can nutrition knowledge change food behaviour?" Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition 11 (grudzień 2002): S579—S585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-6047.11.supp3.7.x.

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