Artykuły w czasopismach: „Flue gases”

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Gribkov, A. M., K. M. Mirsalikhov i N. D. Chichirova. "Selection of the configuration of the cross-section of a multi-flue stacks with four inner flues of different diameters". Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 25, nr 1 (23.04.2023): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2023-25-1-3-13.

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Despite the widespread use of single-flue stacks, due to the possibility of increasing the rise of flue gases into the atmosphere due to the close location of individual flues in a common shell and ensuring the high reliability of this shell by isolating it from flue gases, multi-flue stacks are increasingly being used. To minimize their cost, it is necessary to determine such an arrangement of flues, in which the diameter of the stack shell will be minimal.THE PURPOSE. Consider the main types of multi-flue stacks used in world practice. Obtain an analytical solution for determining the minimum possible diameter of the reinforced concrete shell of a four-flue stack with flues of different diameter.METHODS. Graphical and analytical methods using computer modeling, as well as the use of computer-aided design systems.RESULTS. An analytical solution is obtained to determine the minimum possible diameter of the reinforced concrete shell of a four-flue stack with stems of different diameters at given distances between the flues and between the flues and the containment shell as a solution to a system of algebraic and trigonometric equations. The distances between the flues and between the flues and the containment can be set to any. In this paper, a new methodology and calculation program for four-flue stacks has been developed. It is shown that the shell diameter depends on the arrangement of flues of different diameters. In the absence of space restrictions for flues, flues with the largest diameters should be placed opposite each other. The obtained method for determining the shell diameter due to more accurate design and when all specified conditions are met, allows to reduce the cost of the shell by 4–9 % compared to the current method for determining the shell diameter.

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Glazyrin, Sergey A., Mikhail G. Zhumagulov, Zhanar A. Aydimbaeva i Abay M. Dostiyarov. "Universal Installation for the integrated utilization of flue gases and wastewater from thermal power plants". E3S Web of Conferences 178 (2020): 01062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017801062.

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For 30 years research has been carried out on the use of wastewater from thermal power plants and industrial boilers, as well as on the use and extraction of various components from flue gases such as carbon dioxide, sulfur and nitrogen. Technological solutions were developed and implemented in various productions at various times: use of acid-forming components of flue gases for the regeneration of cation exchangers; carbon dioxide from flue gases of 99.9% purity with “food” quality; technical nitrogen of 95-99 purity from flue gases; wastewater usage to increase the degree of sulfur oxides from flue gases. The article presents a technological solution for the integrated utilization of flue gases and wastewater from a thermal power plant with high-pressure boilers burning solid fuels.

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Mihelić-Bogdanić, Alka, i Ivana Špelić. "Energy Efficiency Optimization in Polyisoprene Footwear Production". Sustainability 14, nr 17 (30.08.2022): 10799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141710799.

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The evaluation of energy efficiency improvements in polyisoprene footwear production is shown. By installing air preheater, combustion air natural gas consumption is reduced by 7%. Simultaneously, the boiler outlet flue gases’ temperature is decreased from 204 °C to 66.93 °C, providing a sound basis for both economical savings and energy efficiency improvements, as well as ecological benefits to the environment. The application of condensate heat recovery resulted in flue gases’ volume decreasing by 11.85% and a thermal pollution decrease of 91.34%. Combining air preheating by exhaust flue gases and condensate heat recovery resulted in a decrease in the flue gases’ volume by 17.97%, and in the temperature lowering to 66.93 °C. The energy consumption for a combined system on location φ=45°49′) with a collector field of 12.936 × 103 m2 was investigated. The hybrid system was calculated for four variants: (1) solarized process without flue gases’ heat recovery, (2) solarized processes with heat contend in flue gases using an air preheater, (3) solarized processes with condensate heat recovery, and (4) solarized processes with heat contend in flue gases using air preheater and condensate heat recovery. The highest fuel savings were shown in solarized processes with heat contend in flue gases using air preheater and condensate heat recovery, resulting in savings of up to 78.92%, while the flue gases’ volume decreased from 5390.95 m3FG/h to 932.12 m3FG/h.

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Ibragimov, I. I., I. М. Indrupskyi, Сh А. Garifullina, Т. F. Haliullin, I. V. Valiullin, R. R. Afljatunov i I. H. Kashapov. "Study of Changes in Reservoir Oil Properties When Interacting with Flue Gases". Oil and Gas Technologies 146, nr 3 (2023): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32935/1815-2600-2023-146-3-33-38.

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The paper presents the results of experimental studies on the effect of flue gases on the properties of oil for a reservoir in Republic of Tatarstan. A methodology has been developed for studying the volumetric properties of reservoir oil using a recombination unit with additional equipment, with no need for expensive full-featured PVT complexes. Dependencies of oil properties on the content of flue gases in the recombined sample were obtained, characterizing the flue gases dissolution process in oil during injection into reservoir.The paper presents the results of experimental studies on the effect of flue gases on the properties of oil for a reservoir in Republic of Tatarstan. A methodology has been developed for studying the volumetric properties of reservoir oil using a recombination unit with additional equipment, with no need for expensive full-featured PVT complexes. Dependencies of oil properties on the content of flue gases in the recombined sample were obtained, characterizing the flue gases dissolution process in oil during injection into reservoir.

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Gorbyleva, Y. A. "Flue Gas-Simultaneous Water and Gas (Flue Gas-SWAG) Injection for Enhancing Oil Recovery". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 988, nr 3 (1.02.2022): 032072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/988/3/032072.

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Abstract This paper discusses the possibility of utilization of exhaust (flue) gases by injecting them into the reservoir. Currently, injection of flue gases into the reservoir is not a widely used method for increasing oil production compared to CO2 or N2 injection. Most of technologies for injecting water-gas mixture using flue gas as a gas provide for water-alternating-gas injection. Only a few studies discuss simultaneous water-alternating-gas injection using flue gases. Moreover, there are few studies on creating a mixture of water and exhaust gases for co-injection by means of pump-ejecting systems into the reservoir. Therefore, in this work we propose a new improved diagram of the laboratory bench using exhaust (flue) gases to create a water and gas mixture for flue gas-simultaneous water and gas injection by means of pump-ejecting system.

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Garifullina, Chulpan A., Timur F. Khaliullin, Ilya M. Indrupskiy, Ilsur V. Valiullin, Albert A. Zalyatdinov, Efim A. Burlutskiy, Rauza Kh Sadreeva, Rinat R. Aflyatunov i Ildar Kh Kashapov. "Experience in research and injection of flue gases into oil fields to increase oil recovery". Georesursy 24, nr 2 (30.09.2022): 149–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18599/grs.2022.3.13.

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Decreasing negative impact of industrial emissions to the atmosphere and prolonging fossil fuel usage period are urgent issues of fuel and energy sector. In view of this problem, injection of flue gases into oil fields to increase oil recovery may be considered as environmentally safe and economically rational way for beneficial use of greenhouse gas emissions. To effectively displace oil with flue gases it is important to consider many factors: influence of composition of the flue gases and oil, miscibility conditions, injection regimes, etc. Flue gases, a product of fuel combustion in air, can be produced as a result of oil self-ignition when air is injected into a reservoir with light oil (thermal gas method). Flue gases from natural gas, fuel oil or coal combustion in power plants or other processes that burn fossil fuels can also be used for injection into the reservoir. This paper presents an analysis of the world laboratory and industrial experience in studying efficiency of oil displacement using flue gases. Conclusions are presented about optimal criteria for implementation of this process and directions for further research.

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Zhang, L., S. X. Wang, Q. R. Wu, F. Y. Wang, C. J. Lin, L. M. Zhang, M. L. Hui i J. M. Hao. "Mercury transformation and speciation in flue gases from anthropogenic emission sources: a critical review". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, nr 22 (24.11.2015): 32889–929. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-32889-2015.

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Abstract. Mercury transformation mechanisms and speciation profiles are reviewed for mercury formed in and released from flue gases of coal-fired boilers, non-ferrous metal smelters, cement plants, iron and steel plants, municipal solid waste incinerators, and biomass burning. Mercury in coal, ores and other raw materials is released to flue gases in the form of Hg0 during combustion or smelting in boilers, kilns or furnaces. Decreasing temperature from over 800 °C to below 300 °C in flue gases leaving boilers, kilns or furnaces promotes homogeneous and heterogeneous oxidation of gaseous elemental mercury (Hg0) to gaseous divalent mercury (Hg2+), with a portion of Hg2+ adsorbed onto fly ash to form particulate-bound mercury (Hgp). Halogen is the primary oxidizer for Hg0 in flue gases, and active components (e.g.,TiO2, Fe2O3, etc.) on fly ash promote heterogeneous oxidation and adsorption processes. In addition to mercury removal, mercury transformation also occurs when passing through air pollution control devices (APCDs), affecting the mercury speciation in flue gases. In coal-fired power plants, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system promotes mercury oxidation by 34–85 %, electrostatic precipitator (ESP) and fabric filter (FF) remove over 99 % of Hgp, and wet flue gas desulfurization system (WFGD) captures 60–95 % of Hg2+. In non-ferrous metal smelters, most Hg0 is converted to Hg2+ and removed in acid plants (APs). For cement clinker production, mercury cycling and operational conditions promote heterogeneous mercury oxidation and adsorption. The mercury speciation profiles in flue gases emitted to the atmosphere are determined by transformation mechanisms and mercury removal efficiencies by various APCDs. For all the sectors reviewed in this study, Hgp accounts for less than 5 % in flue gases. In China, mercury emission has a higher fraction (66–82 % of total mercury) in flue gases from coal combustion, in contrast to a greater Hg2+ fraction (29–90 %) from non-ferrous metal smelting, cement and iron/steel production. The higher Hg2+ fractions shown here than previous estimates may imply stronger local environmental impacts than previously thought, caused by mercury emissions in East Asia. Future research should focus on determining mercury speciation in flue gases from iron and steel plants, waste incineration and biomass burning, and on elucidating the mechanisms of mercury oxidation and adsorption in flue gases.

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Zhang, Lei, Shuxiao Wang, Qingru Wu, Fengyang Wang, Che-Jen Lin, Leiming Zhang, Mulin Hui, Mei Yang, Haitao Su i Jiming Hao. "Mercury transformation and speciation in flue gases from anthropogenic emission sources: a critical review". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, nr 4 (29.02.2016): 2417–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2417-2016.

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Abstract. Mercury transformation mechanisms and speciation profiles are reviewed for mercury formed in and released from flue gases of coal-fired boilers, non-ferrous metal smelters, cement plants, iron and steel plants, waste incinerators, biomass burning and so on. Mercury in coal, ores, and other raw materials is released to flue gases in the form of Hg0 during combustion or smelting in boilers, kilns or furnaces. Decreasing temperature from over 800 °C to below 300 °C in flue gases leaving boilers, kilns or furnaces promotes homogeneous and heterogeneous oxidation of Hg0 to gaseous divalent mercury (Hg2+), with a portion of Hg2+ adsorbed onto fly ash to form particulate-bound mercury (Hgp). Halogen is the primary oxidizer for Hg0 in flue gases, and active components (e.g., TiO2, Fe2O3, etc.) on fly ash promote heterogeneous oxidation and adsorption processes. In addition to mercury removal, mercury transformation also occurs when passing through air pollution control devices (APCDs), affecting the mercury speciation in flue gases. In coal-fired power plants, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system promotes mercury oxidation by 34–85 %, electrostatic precipitator (ESP) and fabric filter (FF) remove over 99 % of Hgp, and wet flue gas desulfurization system (WFGD) captures 60–95 % of Hg2+. In non-ferrous metal smelters, most Hg0 is converted to Hg2+ and removed in acid plants (APs). For cement clinker production, mercury cycling and operational conditions promote heterogeneous mercury oxidation and adsorption. The mercury speciation profiles in flue gases emitted to the atmosphere are determined by transformation mechanisms and mercury removal efficiencies by various APCDs. For all the sectors reviewed in this study, Hgp accounts for less than 5 % in flue gases. In China, mercury emission has a higher Hg0 fraction (66–82 % of total mercury) in flue gases from coal combustion, in contrast to a greater Hg2+ fraction (29–90 %) from non-ferrous metal smelting, cement and iron and/or steel production. The higher Hg2+ fractions shown here than previous estimates may imply stronger local environmental impacts than previously thought, caused by mercury emissions in East Asia. Future research should focus on determining mercury speciation in flue gases from iron and steel plants, waste incineration and biomass burning, and on elucidating the mechanisms of mercury oxidation and adsorption in flue gases.

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Zhuralev, Evgenii, Dmitry Chugunkov i Galina Seyfelmlyukova. "FEATURES OF NOISE REDUCTION IN GAS PATHS OF BOILERS DURING CONDENSATION OF WATER VAPOR FROM FLUE GASES". Akustika, VOLUME 41 (2021): 217–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36336/akustika202141217.

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An important characteristic of noise silencers, which determines the effectiveness of their use, in addition to reducing the noise level and the pressure losses they create, is the operational resource. Short-term unfavorable operating modes of boilers are possible, in which condensation of water vapor on the walls of flues through which flue gases are evacuated to the environment is possible. Condensation in the gas path leads to corrosion of the metal of the flues, as well as noise silencers. The article lists recommendations for the design of noise silencers installed in the gas paths of boilers operating under conditions of possible condensation of water vapor from flue gases. The introduced silencers of noise of gas paths of boilers which not only reduce noise highly effectively, but also allow to work in difficult operational conditions are given.

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Kryvda, V., O. Brunetkin, K. Beglov, T. Markolenko i I. Lutsenko. "Method of controlling the volume of combustion products at different boiler loads". Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, nr 1 (29.02.2024): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2024-1/100.

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Purpose. Development of a method for controlling the volume of combustion products at different load of boiler equipment. Achieving the objective may allow controlling the flue gas temperature and, consequently, the efficiency to increase it. Methodology. Control of the flue gas volume value on the basis of determining the appropriate composition of the fuel gas mixture. Findings. The effect of flue gas temperature increase at use of fuel gases of lower calorific value and increase in ballast gases quantity is revealed. The latter can be the air used as an oxidising agent at its considerable excess. The mechanism of such an effect due to the increase in the quantity and velocity of flue gases is suggested. A parameter determining the volume of flue gases produced per unit calorific value of various fuel gases is proposed. On the basis of this parameter the method for calculating the composition of the mixture of different gases to ensure the constancy of the flue gas volume at variable load is proposed Originality. On the example of the results of verification thermal calculation the change in flue gas temperature and efficiency value is considered. The non-standard character of their change is revealed. In contrast to the case of using fuel gas of constant composition with increasing load, the temperature of flue gases remained close to constant, and the value of efficiency increased. Practical value. The obtained results indicate the possibility of controlling the flue gas temperature and boiler efficiency at a given load. This allows one, unlike the case of using fuel gas of constant composition, to increase the efficiency exactly at maximum load avoiding getting into the condensate mode at minimum load. There is a possibility to save fossil gas and, consequently, to reduce the greenhouse share in CO2 emissions.

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Bartoš, Ondřej, Jan Havlík i František Hrdlička. "Wet stack – Analysis of condensation". EPJ Web of Conferences 180 (2018): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818002005.

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The aim of the paper is to introduce the study of condensation processes in the wet stack. Because of the high cost of reheating (due to the loss of useful heat of flue gases), wet stacks are being considered for new or retrofit applications of wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems around the word. Wet stacks, in contrast to classical chimneys where flue gases are heated up to avoid any condensation, works with wet flue gases and condensation is welcome. The study provides a quantitative analysis of the condensation.

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Mihelić-Bogdanić, Alka, i Ivana Špelić. "Approaching Environmental Sustainability through Energy Optimization in Polyisoprene Production". Sustainability 16, nr 14 (20.07.2024): 6224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16146224.

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The global energy crisis, forced by fossil fuel shortages and supply chain disruption, stimulates EU policymakers to find alternative energy replacement. Modifying the present polyisoprene footwear production plant into a hybrid system by combining different energy sources raises energy efficiency. The proposed hybrid system incorporates classical and solar-based technology, resulting in energy optimization by utilizing waste heat recovery. By installing an economizer for feeding water preheating using flue gas recovery, it results in the volume of the flue gases lowering from vFGP=1.7969 m3FG/kgP to vFGECOP=1.597 m3FG/kgP, or by 11.13%, while the flue gases’ temperature is lowered from 204 °C (477.15 K) to 50.99 °C (324.14 K). Further improvement in combining feed water and air preheating results in natural gas savings of 12.05%, while the flue gases’ exhaust temperature is decreased to 30.44 °C (303.59 K). The third option, using condensate heat recovery and feeding water preheating using flue gases, showed natural gas savings as much as 17.41% and exhaust flue gases cooling to 112.49 °C (385.64 K). The combination of condensate heat recovery, combustion air and feed water preheating results in the volume of the flue gases being lowered by 20.42% and natural gas savings by 20.24%, while the flue gases’ temperature is reduced to 45.11 °C (318.26 K). The proposed solar application in polyisoprene production predicts the hybrid system showing fuel savings ranging from 77.96% to 87.08% in comparison to the basic process. The greatest fuel savings of 87.08% is shown in a solarized polyisoprene footwear production plant with combustion air and feed water preheating combined with the condensate return system. Integrating the solar heat into the regular industrial process of polyisoprene production showed great potential and showed environmental sustainability through energy optimization in polyisoprene production.

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Yusubov, F. V., i E. F. Mansurov. "Research and Design of the Process for the Absorption of CO2 from Flue Gases". Ecology and Industry of Russia 24, nr 7 (15.07.2020): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2020-7-63-67.

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A mathematical model is considered for choosing the optimal operating mode of an industrial absorption apparatus for CO2 emission from flue gases. The analysis of CO2 absorption from flue gases in dynamics and the hydraulic resistance of the nozzle of an industrial absorber are carried out. It was found that the temperature and pressure of the absorption process significantly affect the emission of CO2 from flue gases. It was determined that with an increase in the gas flow rate, the concentration of CO2 at the outlet of the absorber increases. As a result of the studies, the optimal mode of the process of CO2 adsorption from flue gases was obtained, while maintaining the optimal technological parameters of the absorption process and observing environmental standards.

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Li, Yan Chao, Zhi Wu Hao, Xian Ping Zeng, Fang Qin Li i Jian Xing Ren. "Study on the Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow Two-Phase Flow Characteristics of Carbon Dioxide Removal by Membrane Method". Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (październik 2011): 1797–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.1797.

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In this paper, membrane absorption method was introduced. Analyzed and studied flue gases passing in the shell side (hollow fiber membrane) and in the pipe side (membrane lumen) respectively. Total mass transfer coefficient and de CO2 efficiency were calculated. For flue gases passing in the pipe side, total mass transfer coefficient was 1.1191×10-4m/s and de CO2 efficiency was 73.8%; while for flue gases passing in the shell side, total mass transfer coefficient was 3.4701×10-4m/s and de CO2 efficiency was 98.0%. The results showed that the flow of flue gas flowing in the lumen is better than the flow of flue gas flowing out of the hollow fiber membrane from the point of views of removal rate and mass transfer. To build de CO2 experimental devices, flow of flue gas flowing in the pipe side was proposed.

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Coccia, Valentina, Ramoon Barros Lovate Temporim, Leandro Lunghi, Oleksandra Tryboi, Franco Cotana, Anna Magrini, Daniele Dondi, Dhanalakshmi Vadivel, Marco Cartesegna i Andrea Nicolini. "Design and Performance Analysis of a Small-Scale Prototype Water Condensing System for Biomass Combustion Flue Gas Abatement". Sustainability 16, nr 12 (18.06.2024): 5164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16125164.

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This article outlines the design and performance of a flue gas condensation system integrated with a biomass combustion plant. The system comprises a biomass plant fuelled by wood chips, generating flue gases. These gases are condensed via a double heat exchanger set-up, extracting water and heat to reduce concentrations of CO, CO2, and NOx while releasing gases at a temperature close to ambient temperature. The 100 kW biomass plant operates steadily, consuming 50 kg of wood chips per hour with fuel energy of 18.98 MJ/kg. Post combustion, the gases exit at 430 °C and undergo two-stage cooling. In the first stage, gases are cooled in a high-temperature tube heat exchanger, transferring heat to air. They then enter the second stage, a flue gas/water heat exchanger, recovering sensible and latent thermal energy, which leads to water condensation. Flue gas is discharged at approximately 33 °C. Throughout, parameters like the flue gas temperatures, mass flow, fuel consumption, heat carrier temperatures, and water condensation rates were monitored. The test results show that the system can condense water from flue gas at 75 g/min at 22 °C while reducing pollutant emissions by approximately 20% for CO2, 19% for CO, 30% for NO, and 26% for NOx.

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Shchesnyak, Evgeniy, Anatoliy Ryzhkov, Iosif Ledovich, Andrey Osipov i Artur Musin. "Disposal of flue gases in oil reservoirs with high-viscosity oil in order to increase oil recovery and improve the environmental situation". E3S Web of Conferences 116 (2019): 00075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911600075.

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The reserves of highly viscous oils and natural bitumen are several times higher than the stocks of light oils. In the development of such oils by thermal methods, steam is produced, the development of which is accompanied by significant emissions into the atmosphere of flue gases, including carbon dioxide. According to estimates, the extraction of high-viscosity oils annually releases about 34.5 million tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. However, carbon dioxide emissions from steam generation can be reduced to zero by injecting flue gases along with steam into the formation. In addition to environmental benefits, the technology of co-injection of water vapor and combustion gases (nitrogen and carbon dioxide) has a complex (thermal and physico-chemical) effect on the formation with a synergistic effect. The article is devoted to the analysis of the mechanisms affecting the increase in oil recovery during the co-injection of steam with flue gases, the description of equipment for the injection of flue gases into the reservoir, as well as the analysis of field experience in using this technology. The calculations for one of the fields of high-viscosity oil show the high efficiency of co-injection of water steam with flue gases.

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Михайленко, В. С., В. В. Лещенко, С. М. Сакали i Р. Ю. Харченко. "Нейромережева система моніторингу показників шкідливих викидів суднового парового котла". Automation of ship technical facilities 26, nr 1 (1.12.2020): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31653/1819-3293-2020-1-26-41-57.

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he issues of reducing the content of nitrogen and sulfur oxides in the flue gases of steam boilers using the proposed neural network system for monitoring the content of harmful emissions in flue gases are considered.

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Bergström, Jan G. T. "Mercury Behaviour in Flue Gases". Waste Management & Research 4, nr 1 (styczeń 1986): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x8600400108.

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Paradiz, Bostjan, Panagiota Dilara, Gunther Umlauf, Ivan Bajsic i Vincenc Butala. "Dioxin emissions from coal combustion in domestic stove: Formation in the chimney and coal chlorine content influence". Thermal Science 19, nr 1 (2015): 295–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci140113079p.

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Combustion experiments conducted in domestic stove burning hard coal demonstrated a predominant influence of the coal chlorine content on the PCDD/F emissions, together with a pronounced effect of the flue gas temperature. PCDD/F concentrations of over 100 ng TEQ/m3, three orders of magnitude higher than in a modern waste incinerator, were measured in the flue gases of a domestic stove when combusting high chlorine coal (0.31 %). The PCDD/F concentrations in the flue gases dropped below 0,5 ng TEQ/m3, when low chlorine coal (0.07 %) was used. When low chlorine coal was impregnated with NaCl to obtain 0.38 % chlorine content, the emission of the PCDD/Fs increased by two orders of magnitude. Pronounced nonlinearity of the PCDD/F concentrations related to chlorine content in the coal was observed. The combustion of the high chlorine coal yielded PCDD/F concentrations in flue gases one order of magnitude lower in a fan cooled chimney when compared to an insulated one, thus indicating formation in the chimney. The influence of flue gas temperature on the PCDD/F emissions was less pronounced when burning low chlorine coal. The predominant pathway of the PCDD/F emissions is via flue gases, 99 % of the TEQ in the case of the high chlorine coal for insulated chimney.

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Khatsevych, Olga, Sofiia Fedorchenko, Sergiy Kurta, Ihor Mykytin i Olga Derzhko. "DESULFURIZATION OF FLUE GASES OF THERMAL POWER PLANTS WITH OBTAINING POTASSIUM-MAGNESIUM FERTILIZER (KALIMAGNESIA)". Environmental Problems 9, nr 2 (2024): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/ep2024.02.084.

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A new method of flue gas desulfurization with the production of a valuable is proposed. The essence of the method is to pass flue gases through a scrubber (Venturi) filled with magnesium hydroxide suspension. At the same time, SO2 of the flue gases will react with magnesium hydroxide according with the formation of magnesium sulfite. Crystals of magnesium sulfite are able to interact with new portions of SO2 and turn into hydrosulfite. As a result of such "washing" of flue gases, a suspension of sparingly soluble salt MgSO3∙6H2O in a 12-15% solution of MgSO4 is obtained. Magnesium hexahydrate will precipitate as large crystals and be separated in a hydrocyclone. Separated crystals of magnesium sulfite will be oxidized under the influence of air oxygen to magnesium sulfate.

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Sahu, Debashis, i Bishwajit Ganguly. "In silico studies on the origin of selective uptake of carbon dioxide with cucurbit[7]uril amorphous material". RSC Advances 5, nr 89 (2015): 72469–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra13394g.

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The efficient capture and storage of flue gases is of current interest due to environmental problems. The DFT calculation demonstrates the origin of the physisorption of flue gases (CO₂, N₂and CH₄) on amorphous solid cucurbit[7]uril.

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Pogodaev, A. M., A. F. Shimansky, Yu I. Storozhev, Ya V. Kazantsev i V. S. Zlobin. "The Use of Technogenic Waste to Clean the Flue Gases of Thermal Devices from Harmful Substances". Ecology and Industry of Russia 23, nr 6 (11.06.2019): 4–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2019-6-4-7.

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The thermodynamics of the process of calcium sulfate decomposition is considered. An adsorbent for cleaning flue gases from sulfur dioxide in the form of sludge from alumina production is proposed. Conducted semi-industrial experiments on cleaning the flue gases of small thermal power plants and boiler houses from sulfur dioxide using a laboratory installation. Established high (more than 90%) the effectiveness of the proposed adsorbent. The unique possibility of flue gas cleaning from nitrogen oxides of thermal devices using lignite fuel is revealed. A scheme of sequential flue gas cleaning in a suspended and fixed bed of the adsorbent is proposed.

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Ciocan, Vasilică, Marina Verdeș, George Catalin Popovici, Marius Costel Balan, Andrei Burlacu i Alexandru Verdes. "Study Regarding the Wind Action on the Functioning of Chimneys". Applied Mechanics and Materials 659 (październik 2014): 349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.659.349.

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Thermal power capacities, operating with different fuels, located near localities, generate significant amounts of flue gases. Gases contain various components which have standardized reasonable limits on concentration in the soil and in the buildings vicinity. The chimney must be designed and sized to achieve dispersion of gases and ensure concentrations below acceptable limits. This paper proposes a study on flue gas dispersion for different wind speeds and different chimney heights.

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Chmielniak, Tadeusz, Paweł Mońka i Paweł Pilarz. "Investigation of a combined gas-steam system with flue gas recirculation". Chemical and Process Engineering 37, nr 2 (1.06.2016): 305–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cpe-2016-0025.

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Abstract This article presents changes in the operating parameters of a combined gas-steam cycle with a CO2 capture installation and flue gas recirculation. Parametric equations are solved in a purpose-built mathematical model of the system using the Ebsilon Professional code. Recirculated flue gases from the heat recovery boiler outlet, after being cooled and dried, are fed together with primary air into the mixer and then into the gas turbine compressor. This leads to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the flue gases fed into the CO2 capture installation from 7.12 to 15.7%. As a consequence, there is a reduction in the demand for heat in the form of steam extracted from the turbine for the amine solution regeneration in the CO2 capture reactor. In addition, the flue gas recirculation involves a rise in the flue gas temperature (by 18 K) at the heat recovery boiler inlet and makes it possible to produce more steam. These changes contribute to an increase in net electricity generation efficiency by 1%. The proposed model and the obtained results of numerical simulations are useful in the analysis of combined gas-steam cycles integrated with carbon dioxide separation from flue gases.

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Dzurenda, Ladislav, i Adrián Banski. "Dependence of the boiler flue gas losses on humidity of wood biomass". Archives of Thermodynamics 36, nr 4 (1.12.2015): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoter-2015-0034.

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Abstract The paper analyzes the influence of humidity of combusted wood biomass on the flue gas losses. A mathematical relation between flue gas losses of the boiler on wood biomass humidity is presented as well as temperature of flue gas emitted from the boiler into the atmosphere. The limits of model application for the humidity of wood biomass falls into the interval 10–60% whereas the range of temperatures of flue gases emitted from the boiler to the atmosphere is 120–200 °C. The influence of the humidity of wood biomass has an adverse effect on increasing the extent of the boiler flue gas losses and thus inefficiency of the heat production. The increase of the wood biomass humidity from the value of 10% to 60% with the outlet temperature of flue gases from the boiler 120 °C causes an increase in flue gas loss of the boiler from the value 8.37% to 12.43%, similarly the increase of flue gas loss by 200 °C from 15.19% to 22.55%, or the increase of the flue gas loss by 7.36%.

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Glazyrin, Sergey, Zhanar Aidymbayeva, Abay Dostiyarov, Mikhail Zhumagulov, Nikolay Zlatov i Velimir Strefanovic. "Study of the possibilities of integrated treatment of flue gases and waste water from coal-fired heat power plants". Thermal Science, nr 00 (2021): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci210402229g.

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The results of laboratory studies carried out to identify the possibility and effectiveness of technologies for the complex recycling of components of flue gases and wastewater from thermal power plants and industrial boilers are presented. The following factors were investigated: the degree of saturation of water solutions with carbon dioxide, the efficiency of using these solutions for the regeneration of cation exchangers, the properties of regeneration solutions intended for the regeneration of cation exchange filters prepared using components of flue gases obtained from the combustion of organic fuel in the laboratory by saturating water of various compositions, the degree of saturation of condensate and waste water with components of flue gases, as well as the degree of regeneration of cation exchangers with such regeneration solutions. After research in the laboratory, a laboratory installation was created in an industrial environment to determine the properties of solutions obtained from wastewater and flue gases obtained after production processes at a power plant. The technologies were developed for the complex recycling of flue gases and waste water from thermal power plants with the production of carbon dioxide with a purity of 99.9%, technical nitrogen with a purity of 95%, special solutions for the regeneration of cation exchangers in water purification plants of industrial enterprises. The results obtained make it possible to minimize the volume of emissions into the atmosphere and the volume of waste water from thermal power plants

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Shevyakov, Vladimir V. "THE CHOICE OF THE RATIONAL SCHEME OF GAS FLOW IN RESIDENTIAL FURNACE". Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education], nr 4 (2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/10.22227/2305-5502.2018.4.5.

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Introduction. The study presents an approach to the correct selection of the gas flow system in the furnace, the dosed air supply to the furnace, the choice of the sizes of the furnace flues, the length of their channels and their number. Coordination of the furnace with the chimney provides the most efficient design of the furnace. The phenomenon that occurs in any heated vertical channel with respect to the ambient air temperature is called “draft” for the chimney and “flue effect” for the sections of the furnace. The draft or flue effect (vacuum or pressure) is expressed in units of pressure (Pa). This channel can create either a vacuum or a head depending on which end of the channel is connected to the atmosphere. Summarizing the values of flue effect on all areas of the furnace, the total value of flue effect for the entire furnace can be obtained. All channel furnaces according to the hot gas flow scheme are divided into two characteristic groups: direct flows and counter flows. Such a difference in the flow of hot gases has a great influence on the total value of the flue effect of the furnace. Since the total draft of the furnace system affects the process of wood combustion, i.e. the chimney draft and the flue effect of the furnace itself, the study of various schemes of the flow of gases in the furnace, has provided the most rational scheme of the flow of gases in the furnace, which got a patent on a utility model, which provides a more uniform process of wood combustion in the residential furnace and thus increases furnace efficiency. The study is aimed to analyze the various schemes of the flow of hot gases in the furnace and the choice of the most rational scheme. Materials and methods. A detailed examination and study of the effect of various gas flow schemes in a residential furnace on the characteristics of the furnace has been carried out. Results. The results of the study and examination have been used to develop recommendations on the choice of the most rational scheme of gas flow in the furnace and the choice of its design values. Conclusions. The results of the work can be recommended in the development of residential furnaces.

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Szulc, Piotr, Tomasz Tietze i Daniel Smykowski. "The impact of the condensation process on the degree of cleaning of flue gases from acidic compounds". E3S Web of Conferences 46 (2018): 00031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184600031.

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The paper presents studies on the impact of the process of condensation of water vapour on the process of cleaning of flue gases from acidic compounds. The measurements were carried out on a pilot-scale plant for waste heat recovery from flue gases, taking into account the process of condensation of the water vapour contained in them. The plant was connected to a lignite-fired power unit with a capacity of 360 MW located at PGE GiEK S.A., Bełchatów Power Plant Branch. The impact of the condensation of water vapour on the reduction of sulphur, chlorine and fluorine forming acidic compounds was examined. The studies show that the condensation process is conducive to removal of acidic compounds from flue gases.

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Dzurenda, Ladislav, i Adrian Banski. "The Effect of Firewood Moisture Content on the Atmospheric Thermal Load by Flue Gases Emitted by a Boiler". Sustainability 11, nr 1 (8.01.2019): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010284.

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In this paper, we present an analysis on the effect of the moisture content of firewood on the atmospheric thermal load created by the heating of flue gases with temperatures of tfg = 120–200 °C, emitted by a boiler when wood with moisture content of W = 10%–60% is combusted. The load of the atmosphere created by the heat of the flue gases with temperatures of ts = 120 °C from the boiler, where dried wood with the moisture content of W = 10% is combusted, is Q = 9.2 MJ·GJ−1. The atmospheric thermal load caused by flue gases with the temperature of ts = 200 °C, resulting from the combustion process of wet firewood with a moisture content of W = 60%, is 3.8 times higher compared with the above-mentioned conditions. The heating of water vapor from the evaporated water occurring in combusted wood, as well as the heat of the heated nitrogen and unoxidized oxygen in the combustion air delivered to the furnace of a firewood boiler, are considered to be reasons for the increasing atmospheric thermal load caused by the heating of flue gases, resulting from the combustion of wood with higher moisture content.

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M., RADOJEVIC. "ABSORPTION OF FLUE GASES IN SEAWATER". International Conference on Chemical and Environmental Engineering 4, nr 6 (1.05.2008): 250–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/iccee.2008.38389.

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Noda, Naoki. "Mercury Measurement Technologies for Flue Gases". Material Cycles and Waste Management Research 32, nr 5 (30.09.2021): 347–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/mcwmr.32.347.

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RADOJEVIĆ, M., i D. A. TRESSIDER. "Absorption of flue gases by water". Nature 356, nr 6368 (kwiecień 1992): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/356391a0.

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Küspert, Roland. "Flue gases: Gypsum dewatering in desulphurisation". Filtration + Separation 49, nr 3 (maj 2012): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-1882(12)70144-1.

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Kovalenko, Yu L., G. M. Kanenko, I. V. Kapusnik, O. V. Plekhanova, M. M. Cherepinskii, M. I. Nikhaev i Yu V. Bokarev. "Improving the cleaning of flue gases". Metallurgist 35, nr 7 (lipiec 1991): 115–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00750383.

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Schaeffer, R., i A. Leal De Sa. "Electron beam treatment of flue gases". Fuel and Energy Abstracts 37, nr 3 (maj 1996): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6701(96)89089-8.

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Fialko, Nataliia, Alla Stepanova, Raisa Navrodska i Svitlana Shevchuk. "Comparative analysis of the exergy efficiency of methods for protecting gas exhaust ducts of boiler plants". Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 3, nr 8(111) (30.06.2021): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.234026.

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This paper reports the results of studying the exergy effectiveness of thermal methods for anti-corrosion protection of the gas-draining tracts of boiler plants. These include the method of mixing heated air into flue gases, the method of passing part of the hot gases of the boiler through the bypass chimney, and a flue gas drying method. The research involved the devised comprehensive procedure based on an exergy approach. The dependences of exergy loss Elos and the heat- exergy criterion ε on the following parameters of thermal methods have been established: the amount of heated air N mixed into flue gases, the proportion of bypassed flue gases K, and the amount of dried flue gases R. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of heat recovery systems when applying the methods considered has been performed. It has been established that for the method of mixing, Elos and ε at ambient temperature ten=10 °C demonstrate the lowest values, that is, the efficiency of the system, in this case, is the highest. The most effective, when implementing the bypass method, is the heat recovery system at ten=10 °C. Under the method of drying, at all values of the amount of dried flue gases, the loss of exergy is the lowest at ten=0 °C. As regards the heat- exergy criterion, at values R≤20 %, the lowest values of ε are observed at ten=10 °C. At R>20 %, the lowest values of ε are at ten=0 °C. Thus, the efficiency of the system when implementing the method of drying is the highest at ten=0 °C and at the amount of dried air of R>20 %. The study reported here would provide the necessary information for designing optimal heat recovery schemes. The development of this study is to establish the relationship between the exergy and environmental efficiency of thermal protection methods in order to further reduce toxic emissions.

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Klingberg, Patrik, Kai Wilkner, Markus Schlüter, Judith Grünauer i Sergey Shishatskiy. "Separation of Carbon Dioxide from Real Power Plant Flue Gases by Gas Permeation Using a Supported Ionic Liquid Membrane: An Investigation of Membrane Stability". Membranes 9, nr 3 (4.03.2019): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes9030035.

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The separation of carbon dioxide from coal-fired power plant flue gases using a CO2/N2-selective supported ionic liquid membrane (SILM) was investigated and the performance and stability of the membrane during operation are reported. The membrane is composed of a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ultrafiltration membrane as a support and a selective layer of an ionic liquid (IL), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (EMIM Tf2N). The feasibility of large-scale SILM production was demonstrated by the formation of a square-meter-scale membrane and preparation of a membrane module. A flat-sheet envelope-type SILM module containing 0.67 m2 of the membrane was assembled. Prior to real flue gas operation, the separation behaviour of the membrane was investigated with single gases. The stability of the SILM during the test stand and pilot plant operation using real power plant flue gases is reported. The volume fraction of carbon dioxide in the flue gas was raised from approx. 14 vol. % (feed) to 40 vol. % (permeate). However, issues concerning the membrane stability were found when SO3 aerosols in large quantities were present in the flue gas.

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Cholewiński, Maciej, i Wiesław Rybak. "Lab-scale evaluation of possible mercury speciation in flue gas and mercury emission from combustion of pulverised solid fuels". EPJ Web of Conferences 201 (2019): 06001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920106001.

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In this work a new lab-scale method dedicated to the evaluation of both concentration and oxidation level of mercury in flue gases from pulverised fuel fired boiler was proposed. To detect the abovementioned parameters, 2 main steps need to be evaluated. Firstly, a calorimeter bomb is utilised - by a proper implementation of mass balance of mercury within substrates and products, the quantity of oxidised mercury in gaseous products can be evaluated. Then, to simulate solid fuel fired power unit and to calculate mercury concentrations in flue gases, one of the stoichiometric mathematical models of combustion process must be applied. Early validation of the method showed considerable differences between solid fuels in mercury oxidation efficiencies and concentrations in flue gasses. Four examined fuels (lignite, hard coal and 2 types of solid biomass) was investigated. Calculated mercury concentrations in raw flue gas (>700°C) varied between 4 and 75 µg/m3ref. The lowest quantity of oxidised forms ofHg in flue gases were identified in the case of investigated lignite (27% of total Hg), while significantly higher – for selected hard coal (72%) and one type of biomass (with high chlorine concentration; up to 98%).

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Marczak-Grzesik, Marta, Stanisław Budzyń, Barbara Tora, Szymon Szufa, Krzysztof Kogut i Piotr Burmistrz. "Low-Cost Organic Adsorbents for Elemental Mercury Removal from Lignite Flue Gas". Energies 14, nr 8 (13.04.2021): 2174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14082174.

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The research presented by the authors in this paper focused on understanding the behavior of mercury during coal combustion and flue gas purification operations. The goal was to determine the flue gas temperature on the mercury emissions limits for the combustion of lignites in the energy sector. The authors examined the process of sorption of mercury from flue gases using fine-grained organic materials. The main objectives of this study were to recommend a low-cost organic adsorbent such as coke dust (CD), corn straw char (CS-400), brominated corn straw char (CS-400-Br), rubber char (RC-600) or granulated rubber char (GRC-600) to efficiently substitute expensive dust-sized activated carbon. The study covered combustion of lignite from a Polish field. The experiment was conducted at temperatures reflecting conditions inside a flue gas purification installation. One of the tested sorbents—tire-derived rubber char that was obtained by pyrolysis—exhibited good potential for Hg0 into Hg2+ oxidation, resulting in enhanced mercury removal from the flue. The char characterization increased elevated bromine content (mercury oxidizing agent) in comparison to the other selected adsorbents. This paper presents the results of laboratory tests of mercury sorption from the flue gases at temperatures of 95, 125, 155 and 185 °C. The average mercury content in Polish lignite was 465 μg·kg−1. The concentration of mercury in flue gases emitted into the atmosphere was 17.8 µg·m−3. The study analyzed five low-cost sorbents with the average achieved efficiency of mercury removal from 18.3% to 96.1% for lignite combustion depending on the flue gas temperature.

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Nikola, Miljković, Jovanović Nikola i Jovanović Aca. "Uticaj kvaliteta uglja na ostvarenu snagu generatora termoelektrane nazivne snage 300 MW". Energija, ekonomija, ekologija XXV, nr 4 (grudzień 2023): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/eee23-4.63m.

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This paper discusses the results of monitoring the operation of the steam-turbine unit of the 300 MW thermal power plant over a period of 2 months. During the monitoring, coal samples were taken in front of the mill-fan (3 samples/day) and data were collected on the fuel load of the boiler, temperatures in the boiler, temperatures of flue gases, content of pollutants in flue gases and realized gross power on the generator. Based on the results of technical analyses of coal and collected data on the operation of the block, direct dependencies were established between the quality of coal expressed through the Lower Thermal Power (DTM) value, and the realized gross electric power on the generator, coal consumption and the content of pollutants in the flue gases of the thermal power plant.

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Blintsov, Volodymyr, i Sergiy Hrynchak. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE IMPROVED METHODS OF FIGHT AGAINST DISTRIBUTION OF SMOKE ON SHIP WITH SYSTEMS OF JET WATER–GAS EJECTORS". EUREKA: Physics and Engineering 6 (30.11.2017): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2017.00498.

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The ways of improving the design of ship openings with the implementation of a method for reducing the intensity of the exit of flue gases through an opening (doors, hatches) of the emergency premise of the ship are considered. The output of flue gases from the emergency premise is proposed to be controlled by the control of gas–air currents with the help of a system of jet water–gas ejectors. Ejectors are equipped with devices for collecting flue gases from the emergency premise of the ship and the collectors of the output of the vapor–gas mixture back to the emergency premise. In case of fire, in the shortest possible time, a high temperature rises in the area of exit from the emergency premise of the ship and a large amount of smoke spreads along the corridors and premises of the ship. These factors require immediate sealing of the emergency premise, which limits the operational access of emergency teams to combat fire. The considered air suppression methods in the ship's aperture and devices for their implementation contribute to screening of heat energy and localization of flue gases in the emergency premise without its sealing to ensure prompt access of emergency teams.

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42

Shokoya, O. S., S. A. (Raj) Mehta, R. G. Moore, B. B. Maini, M. Pooladi-Darvish i A. Chakma. "The Mechanism of Flue Gas Injection for Enhanced Light Oil Recovery". Journal of Energy Resources Technology 126, nr 2 (1.06.2004): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1725170.

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Flue gas injection into light oil reservoirs could be a cost-effective gas displacement method for enhanced oil recovery, especially in low porosity and low permeability reservoirs. The flue gas could be generated in situ as obtained from the spontaneous ignition of oil when air is injected into a high temperature reservoir, or injected directly into the reservoir from some surface source. When operating at high pressures commonly found in deep light oil reservoirs, the flue gas may become miscible or near–miscible with the reservoir oil, thereby displacing it more efficiently than an immiscible gas flood. Some successful high pressure air injection (HPAI) projects have been reported in low permeability and low porosity light oil reservoirs. Spontaneous oil ignition was reported in some of these projects, at least from laboratory experiments; however, the mechanism by which the generated flue gas displaces the oil has not been discussed in clear terms in the literature. An experimental investigation was carried out to study the mechanism by which flue gases displace light oil at a reservoir temperature of 116°C and typical reservoir pressures ranging from 27.63 MPa to 46.06 MPa. The results showed that the flue gases displaced the oil in a forward contacting process resembling a combined vaporizing and condensing multi-contact gas drive mechanism. The flue gases also became near-miscible with the oil at elevated pressures, an indication that high pressure flue gas (or air) injection is a cost-effective process for enhanced recovery of light oils, compared to rich gas or water injection, with the potential of sequestering carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.

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Hu, Sijia, Yanjun Li, Chuanjie Zhu, Baiquan Lin, Qingzhao Li, Baolin Li i Zichao Huang. "Investigating the Influence of Flue Gas Induced by Coal Spontaneous Combustion on Methane Explosion Risk". Fire 7, nr 4 (22.03.2024): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire7040105.

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During the process of coal spontaneous combustion (CSC), a plethora of combustible gases alongside inert gases, such as CO2, are copiously generated. However, prior investigations have regrettably overlooked the pivotal influence of inert gas production on the propensity for methane explosions during CSC. To investigate the impact of the flue gas environment generated by CSC, containing both combustible and inert gases, on the risk of methane explosion, a high-temperature programmed heating test system for CSC was employed to analyze the generation pattern of flue gas. It was found that CO, CO2, and CH4 were continuously generated in large quantities during the process of CSC, which are the main components of CSC flue gas. The effect of the concentration and component ratio (CCO2/CCO) of the flue gas on the methane explosion limit was tested. It was found that the CSC flue gas led to a decrease in the methane explosion limit, and that the explosion limit range was facilitated at 0 < CCO2/CCO < 0.543 and suppressed at CCO2/CCO > 0.543. As the temperature of CSC increases, the risk of methane explosion is initially suppressed. When the coal temperature exceeds 330~410 °C, the explosion risk rapidly expands.

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Wilk, Andrzej, Lucyna Więcław-Solny, Dariusz Śpiewak, Tomasz Spietz i Hanna Kierzkowska-Pawlak. "A Selection of Amine Sorbents for CO2 Capture from Flue Gases". Chemical and Process Engineering 36, nr 1 (1.03.2015): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cpe-2015-0004.

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Abstract Amine absorption processes are widely used in the industry to purify refinery gases, process gases or natural gas. Recently, amine absorption has also been considered for CO2 removal from flue gases. It has a number of advantages, but there is one major disadvantage - high energy consumption. This can be reduced by using an appropriate sorbent. From a group of several dozen solutions, three amine sorbents were selected based on primary, tertiary and sterically hindered amines. The solutions were used to test CO2 absorption capacity, absorption kinetics and heat of CO2 absorption. Additional tests were performed on the actual absorber-desorber system to indicate the most appropriate sorbent for capturing CO2 from flue gases.

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45

Plevako, A. "Methods for reducing nitrogen oxide emissions in steam generators of thermal power plants". Bulletin of the Innovative University of Eurasia 81, nr 1 (27.03.2021): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37788/2021-1/111-116.

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Main problem: Ensuring environmental safety of thermal power plants by reducing emissions of harmful substances, in particular nitrogen oxides. When all types of fossil fuel, including solid fuel, are burned, nitrogen oxides are formed in the boilers of TPPs. The sources of their formation are air nitrogen and nitrogen- containing components of the organic matter of the fuel. As you know, they adversely affect the health of humans, plants and animals. Therefore, it became necessary to consider and analyze methods to reduce these emissions. Purpose: To review and analyze various ways to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions and propose a new scheme for reducing these emissions by recirculating flue gases. Methods: This is achieved due to the fact that in the known method for purifying the flue gases of steam generators from nitrogen oxides by lowering the temperature in the furnace of the steam generator by supplying flue gases with a temperature below the temperature in the furnace of the steam generator, it is proposed that the flue gases be fed into the furnace of the steam generator after ash cleaning. At the same time, as a result of the supply of recirculated gas cooled after filtering and passing through the main smoke exhauster into the combustion chamber, having a temperature of 110-170 °C, in comparison with the initial version, a greater decrease in temperature in the furnace of the steam generator occurs, which in turn leads to a decrease in the flue gases of oxides nitrogen, since the chemical reaction of their formation goes with the absorption of heat. Results and their importance: The technical result at the proposed method of cleaning from nitrogen oxides is to reduce the consumption of electricity by eliminating the collateral wear of the recirculation gas duct, due to the cleaning of time gases from ash (a requirement of the rules of technical operation of PTE).

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Kondratev, R. V. "Improving the environmental friendliness of a solid fuel boiler house using SHF energy". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 937, nr 2 (1.12.2021): 022090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/937/2/022090.

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Abstract To reduce harmful emissions, solid fuel consumption and increase the efficiency of the boiler plant, an automated system with a combined heating device and a condensing air heater connected in series was designed. In a combined heating device (SHF + flue gases) equipped with a magnetron, quality control and additional preparation of solid fuel with a high moisture content (up to 80%) for combustion are carried out. In the condensing air heater, the heat of the flue gases coming into it from the combined heating deviceand the latent heat of vaporization are extracted. The use of this system allows reducing the moisture content and temperature of flue gases, the volume of harmful emissions from the boiler plant in the form of nitrogen oxides and dioxides (NOx), carbon oxides (CO), ash, volatile coke residues. By increasing the volume and reducing the corrosiveness of the condensate formed from the flue gases in the condensation air heater during the drying process of fuel with a high moisture content, it can be subsequently used as process and make-up water. Practical application of the system makes it possible to reduce the cost of generating heat energy by the boiler house by increasing the use of low-calorie fuel with a high moisture content in the form of waste from logging, wood processing, low-grade coal and peat, which also has a positive environmental effect.

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Kuburovic, Milos, Slavko Djuric, Aleksandar Jovovic i Milenko Karan. "Effect of temperature on a free energy and equilibrium constants during dry flue gas desulphurisation chemical reactions". Thermal Science 6, nr 2 (2002): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci0202071k.

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During dry flue gas desulphurisation (FGD) dry particles of reagents are inserted (injected) in the stream of flue gas, where they bond SO2. As reagents, the most often are used compounds of calcium (CaCO3, CaO or Ca(OH)2). Knowledge of free energy and equilibrium constants of chemical reactions during dry FGD is necessary for understanding of influence of flue gas temperature to course of these chemical reactions as well as to SO2 bonding from flue gases.

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48

Wang, Qing Cheng. "A New-Style Efficient Heat-Pipe Heat Exchanger on Flue Gases". Applied Mechanics and Materials 152-154 (styczeń 2012): 1766–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.152-154.1766.

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A new-style efficient heat-pipe heat exchanger on flue gases has been designed and made in Shanghai Institute of Technology. The heat transfer efficient of the heat-pipe heat exchanger is high; its structure may be changed according the parameters of different flue gases; it may also be used conveniently by advantageous installation; most parameters of the heat-pipe exchanger may be measured and saved. This new-style efficient heat-pipe exchanger will be widely used in many areas in industry.

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Negoita, Loredana Irena, i Maria Popa. "ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION MODEL APPLIED TO FLUE GASES". Book of Abstracts E-SIMI 2020, E-SIMI 2020 (6.10.2020): 47–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21698/simi.2020.ab18.

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Ersoy-Mericboyu, Aysegul. "Removal of Sulphur Dioxide from Flue Gases". Energy Sources 21, nr 7 (czerwiec 1999): 611–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00908319950014551.

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