Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / FLEXURAL STRENGHTH

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „FLEXURAL STRENGHTH”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 11 września 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "FLEXURAL STRENGHTH"

Gautam, Nitin, Monica Kotwal, Sunny Sharma, Anupama Gaur, Rimsha Ahmed i Shivani Jandial. "Invitro Comparative Analysis of the Flexural Strength of 4 Different Commercially Available Provisional Materials Used in Fixed Partial Dentures – An Original Research". Annals of International Medical and Dental Research 9, nr 3 (czerwiec 2023): 263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.3.31.

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Background: Provisional Prosthesis in fixed partial dentures are subjected to Flexure under stress. Selection of appropriate material for fabrication of Provisional is of utmost importance as the Provisional prosthesis has to remain in function till definitive prosthesis is delivered. Material & Methods: Bar type specimens of four different commercially available brands for provisional restorations fabricated according to ADA specification No. 27 and immersed in artificial saliva. The specimens were fractured under 3-point loading test. Results: The flexural strength ranged between 60 to 110 Mpa. BisGMA Auto polymerizing composite resin from Dentsply Caulk shows the highest flexural strength. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the flexural strengths were material specific rather than category one. The BisGMA composite based resin shows significantly higher flexural strength over other materials.

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Kato, Daisuke, Daisuke Sato i Tadashi Takamatsu. "Effects of opening location on flexural behavior of RC columns with sidewalls". Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 50, nr 4 (31.12.2017): 547–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.50.4.547-554.

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Practical use of secondary walls such as sidewalls is common because the contributions of secondary walls for stiffness or strength have been recognized. In 2016, “AIJ Standard for Lateral Load-carrying Capacity Calculation of Reinforced Concrete Structures” was published as a draft by Architectural Institute of Japan. In this standard new equations for columns with side walls were proposed. From this viewpoint, the authors have conducted static loading tests of flexurally controlled RC column specimens with single opening in the sidewall, to investigate the effects of openings on strength and deformation capacity of RC columns with a side walls. In this paper, the limitations on location of openings inside sidewalls to avoid their effects on flexural strength and deformation capacity are examined using design equations for flexural strength based on full plastic moment of the column and sidewall. The test results indicate that the proposed limitation line on location of openings to avoid their effects for flexure could be effective for practical design.

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Filiatrault, André, Danilo D'Aronco i René Tinawi. "Seismic shear demand of ductile cantilever walls: a Canadian code perspective". Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 21, nr 3 (1.06.1994): 363–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-039.

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During severe earthquakes, ductile flexural walls are expected to exhibit inelastic flexural behaviour while other brittle deformation mechanisms, such as shear, should remain elastic. The philosophy of the Canadian seismic provisions for flexural walls is based on the assumption that the force reduction factor is applicable to both flexure and shear. If the bending moments are limited because of the flexural strength of a wall, then the shear forces are considered to be limited by the same ratio. Recent case studies have not confirmed this philosophy. Brittle shear failures in walls are still possible even if their shear strengths are established by the Canadian standards. This paper presents an analytical investigation on the shear demand of ductile flexural walls designed for three different seismic zones in Canada. For each zone, an ensemble of code compatible historical earthquake ground motions is identified. The shear demand of each structure, under each earthquake record, is obtained by nonlinear time-history dynamic analyses. In 77% of the cases, the computed dynamic shear demand is higher than the current code shear strength. To address this issue, a force modification factor for shear, different from the one for flexure, is suggested for the Canadian code. Key words: earthquake, seismic response, shear walls.

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Z. A. Siddiqi, M. M. Kaleem, M. Jawad, A. Ajwad i M. Usman. "Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Normal & Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Concrete". Scientific Inquiry and Review 2, nr 1 (31.01.2018): 33–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/sir/21/020105.

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Concrete is the most commonly used construction material in the world. However, normal weight concrete shows less resistance to flexure. This research dealt with the technique to improve material efficiency in flexure as well as in compression, using polypropylene fibers. Different samples of concrete were prepared containing different dosages of polypropylene fibers (0.1%, 0.2%, 1% and 2% of the total concrete volume). The samples were then tested in compression and flexure, after 7, 14 and 28 days. The experimental investigation showed that the fibers increase the flexural strength of concrete in elastic range, when used in a specific limit. Maximum efficiency from the material was obtained at 0.2% dosage of fibers. Below and above this percentage the flexural and compressive strengths start decreasing. The experimental results also confirmed that with the gradual increase in polypropylene content the water absorption of concrete increases.

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TSUDA, Keigo, Masae KIDO i Masanori KOBAYASHI. "APPROXIMATE ANALYSIS OF FLEXURAL-TORSIONAL BUCKLING STRENGTH USING FLANGE FLEXURA L BUCKLING STRENGTH". Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 77, nr 678 (2012): 1309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.77.1309.

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Ozkir, Serhat Emre, Burak Yilmaz, Server Mutluay Unal, Ahmet Culhaoglu i Isin Kurkcuoglu. "Effect of heat polymerization conditions and microwave on the flexural strength of polymethyl methacrylate". European Journal of Dentistry 12, nr 01 (styczeń 2018): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ejd.ejd_199_17.

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ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this study is the effect of different heat polymerization conditions on the strength of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin base is unknown. Distinguishing one method that provides improved mechanical properties may be beneficial to the clinical success of complete and partial dentures and overdentures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different polymerization methods on the flexural strength of a dental PMMA resin. Materials and Methods: Forty PMMA specimens (64 mm × 10 mm × 4 mm) were prepared with 4 different polymerization methods (n = 10); heat polymerization at 74°C for 9 h, at 100°C for 40 min, and with 620 kPa pressure at 100°C for 20 min. The remaining group of specimens was microwave polymerized at 180 W for 6 min. All specimens were thermocycled at 5°C and 55°C for 5000 times. Three-point flexure test was used to measure the flexural strength of specimens. One-way ANOVA and Tukey Honestly Significant Difference were applied to analyze the differences in flexural strengths (⍺ = 0.05). Results: The flexural strength of heat-polymerized groups was similar. The flexural strength of microwave polymerized group was significantly different and lower than the other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Polymerizing conventional heat-polymerizing PMMA resin with microwave energy resulted in a significant decrease in flexural strength. The results of this study suggest that clinicians may benefit from using heat polymerization when processing PMMA denture bases instead of microvawe polymerization when tested brand is used.

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Zheng, Wan Hu, Li Juan Li i Feng Liu. "The Compressive and Flexural Deformation of Rubberized Concrete". Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (grudzień 2010): 1788–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.1788.

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The deformation of rubberized concrete under uniaxial compression and three-point flexure is studied in this paper by test, and the load-deflection curves and load-strain curves under three-point flexure are obtained. Three rubberized concrete, with 5%, 10% and 15% rubber contents, were tested. The test results show that rubber powder influences the compressive strength and flexural strength of concrete. The greater of the rubber dosage, the greater of the strength decreasing of concrete. The decline of compressive strength is greater than flexural strength, the ratio of flexural strength to compressive strength of rubberized concrete is 1.08, 1.16, 1.26 times of the normal concrete for three different rubber contents respectively. And the ultimate tensile strain of rubberized concrete is 1.62, 2.25, 2.80 times of the normal concrete respectively. The addition of rubber improved the toughness and deformation ability of the normal concrete.

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Hu, Chen, Long Quan Shao, Lin Lin Wang, Shan Yu Zhou i Jun Ai. "Flexure Strength and Elastic Modulus of Four Types of Dental Fiber Posts". Key Engineering Materials 519 (lipiec 2012): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.519.269.

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Objective. To investigate the flexure strengths and elastic modulus of four types of dental fiber posts. Methods. The flexure strengths of ParaPost Taper Lux, Tenax Fiber White, Luxa Post and Rebilda Post fiber post were measured. The rupture modes were analyzed with SEM. Results. There was no significant difference between ParaPost Taper Lux (591.47±35.15MPa) and Rebilda Post (614.67±58.36MPa) in flexure strength (P>0.05), and Tenax Fiber White (846.62±71.15MPa) had significantly higher flexure strength than the other groups. There was no significant difference between Tenax Fiber White (23.93±2.14GPa) and Luxa Post (22.67±1.39GPa) in elastic modulus (P>0.05), and Tenax Fiber White and Luxa Post had significantly lower elastic modulus than other groups. It could be observed by transverse SEM that the combine of fiber and resin was even and compact and plenty of resin fragment adhered to the surface of fiber in Tenax Fiber White group, multitudinous cracks were observed by lengthwise SEM. Conclusion. The flexural properties and rupture modes of four kinds of dental fiber posts were significantly different.

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Irie, Masao, Masahiro Okada, Yukinori Maruo, Goro Nishigawa i Takuya Matsumoto. "Shear Bond Strength of Resin Luting Materials to Lithium Disilicate Ceramic: Correlation between Flexural Strength and Modulus of Elasticity". Polymers 15, nr 5 (23.02.2023): 1128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15051128.

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This study investigates the effect of the curing mode (dual-cure vs. self-cure) of resin cements (four self-adhesive and seven conventional cements) on their flexural strength and flexural modulus of elasticity, alongside their shear bond strength to lithium disilicate ceramics (LDS). The study aims to determine the relationship between the bond strength and LDS, and the flexural strength and flexural modulus of elasticity of resin cements. Twelve conventional or adhesive and self-adhesive resin cements were tested. The manufacturer’s recommended pretreating agents were used where indicated. The shear bond strengths to LDS and the flexural strength and flexural modulus of elasticity of the cement were measured immediately after setting, after one day of storage in distilled water at 37 °C, and after 20,000 thermocycles (TC 20k). The relationship between the bond strength to LDS, flexural strength, and flexural modulus of elasticity of resin cements was investigated using a multiple linear regression analysis. For all resin cements, the shear bond strength, flexural strength, and flexural modulus of elasticity were lowest immediately after setting. A clear and significant difference between dual-curing and self-curing modes was observed in all resin cements immediately after setting, except for ResiCem EX. Regardless of the difference of the core-mode condition of all resin cements, flexural strengths were correlated with the LDS surface upon shear bond strengths (R2 = 0.24, n = 69, p < 0.001) and the flexural modulus of elasticity was correlated with them (R2 = 0.14, n = 69, p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that the shear bond strength was 17.877 + 0.166, the flexural strength was 0.643, and the flexural modulus was (R2 = 0.51, n = 69, p < 0.001). The flexural strength or flexural modulus of elasticity may be used to predict the bond strength of resin cements to LDS.

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Zhang, Lijuan, Jun Zhao, Cunyuan Fan i Zhi Wang. "Effect of Surface Shape and Content of Steel Fiber on Mechanical Properties of Concrete". Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (21.07.2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8834507.

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Steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) has gained popularity in the last decades attributed to the improvement of brittleness and low tensile strength of concrete. This study investigates the effect of three shapes of steel fibers (straight, hooked end, and corrugated) with four contents (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%) on the mechanical properties (compression, splitting tension, shear, and flexure) of concrete. Thirteen groups of concrete were prepared and investigated experimentally. Test results indicated that steel fiber had significant reinforcement on mechanical properties of concrete. When the steel fiber content increases from 0.5% to 2.0%, the compressive strengths increase about 4–24%, splitting tensile strengths increase about 33–122%, shear strengths increase about 31–79%, and flexural strengths increase about 25–111%. Corrugated steel fiber has the best reinforced effect on strength of SFRC, hooked end steel fiber takes the second place, and straight steel fiber is the least. Calculated formulas of compressive, splitting tensile, shear, and flexural strengths were established with consideration of the bonding properties between concrete and steel fiber. Influence factors of steel fiber αf and concrete matrix strength αc were put forward and determined by regression analysis of experimental data. Calculated results agree well with the experimental results.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "FLEXURAL STRENGHTH"

Reutter, Oliver. "Assessment of masonary flexural bond strength". Thesis, Kingston University, 2007. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20328/.

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This thesis presents the results of an experimental assessment of masonry flexural bond strength. Since there is insufficient experimental data on key performance requirements for bond between units and mortar, investigations into the development of bond and flexural strength across a range of masonry units for both traditional and new mortar types, reflecting the recent changes in European standards, were conducted. In order to demonstrate the performance of bond between unit and mortar, the latter ranging from weak to strong, a practical bond wrench testing rig was developed for use with couplets and stack bonded prisms. This involved carrying out investigations into existing designs and revaluations using up to date modelling techniques. The result is a new bond wrench applicable for use in laboratories and on site.

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Choi, Wonchang. "Flexural Behavior of Prestressed Girder with High Strength Concrete". NCSU, 2006. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-10302006-114609/.

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The advantages of using high strength concrete (HSC) have led to an increase in the typical span and a reduction of the weight of prestressed girders used for bridges. However, growing demands to utilize HSC require a reassessment of current provisions of the design codes. The objective of one of the research projects, recently initiated and sponsored by the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP), NCHRP Project 12-64, conducted at North Carolina State University is to extend the use of the current AASHTO LRFD design specifications to include compressive strength up to 18,000 psi (124 MPa) for reinforced and prestressed concrete members in flexure and compression. This thesis deals with one part of this project. Nine full-size AASHTO girders are examined to investigate the behavior of using different concrete compressive strength and subjected to the flexural loadings. The experimental program includes three different configurations of prestressed girders with and without a deck slab to investigate the behavior for the following cases: 1) the compression zone consists of normal strength concrete (NSC) only; 2) the compression zone consists of HSC only; and 3) the compression zone consists of a combination of two different strengths of concrete. An analytical model is developed to determine the ultimate flexural resistance for prestressed girders with and without normal compressive strength concrete. The research also includes investigation of the transfer length and the prestress losses of HSC prestressed girders. Based on materials testing and extensive data collected from the literature, a new equation is proposed to calculate the elastic modulus for normal and high strength concrete.

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Jackson, Rahsean LaNaul. "Vibration and Flexural Strength Characteristics of Composite Castellated Beams". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31242.

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With the development of lightweight concrete and design optimizations, floor vibration problems are becoming a serious serviceability problem. The castellated beam is a prime example and was the focus of this study. The vibration and flexural strength performance were verified in this paper.

The vibration characteristics of castellated beams were examined using experimental and analytical test methods. The effective moment of inertia is essential to accurately predict the frequency and deflection of a floor system due to human occupancy. Since castellated beams have non-prismatic cross-sections, their effective moment of inertia is an uncertainty and was verified in this study. This paper confirmed the accuracy of the AISC Design Guide procedures used in for prismatic beam, when applied to castellated beams.

The flexural strength of various composite castellated beam were studied. Three full-scale specimens were tested to failure to evaluate their yield and maximum applied load. Each specimensâ moment strength was verified based on span, beam properties, concrete slab, and amount of shear connection.
Master of Science

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Heying, Jamie John Gratton David G. "Flexural strength of interim fixed prosthesis materials after simulated function". [Iowa City, Iowa] : University of Iowa, 2009. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/377.

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Hettiarachchi, M. T. P. "The theoretical prediction of the flexural strength of structural plywood". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11768.

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Heying, Jamie John. "Flexural strength of interim fixed prosthesis materials after simulated function". Thesis, University of Iowa, 2009. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/377.

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Statement of Problem There are limited studies evaluating the effect of a cyclic load on interim fixed prosthetic materials and its effect on flexural strength. Purpose of Study 1) To verify the flexural strength of previously studied interim fixed prosthetic materials. 2) To establish the flexural strength of new, advanced generation and untested interim fixed prosthetic materials. 3) To determine the effect of cyclic load on the flexural strength of interim fixed prosthetic materials. Materials and Methods Bar-type specimens of Caulk Temporary Bridge Resin, VitaVM CC, Protemp 3 Garant and Radica were fabricated according to International Standards Organization 4049 and American National Standards Institute/American Dental Association specification 27. After being stored in distilled water for 10 days, specimens were divided into Noncycled and Cycled Groups. The Noncycled Group specimens were fractured under a 3-point loading in a Bose Electroforce 3300 testing instrument at a crosshead speed of 0.75 mm/min. Cycled Groups specimens underwent a 6-12 Newton 3 Hertz cyclic load for 20,000 cycles in a Bose Electroforce 3300 testing instrument. Immediately following completion of the cycles, the specimens were fractured under a 3-point loading. Maximal loads to fracture in Newtons were recorded and mean flexural strengths were calculated (n = 20 per group). Comparisons were made with analysis of variance and Tukey's Multiple Comparison Test. Results Noncycled (NC) and Cycled (C) groups order of mean flexural strengths (MPa) from lowest to highest mean were as follows: Caulk (Noncycled - 53.83; C - 60.02), Vita VM CC (NC - 65.96; C - 66.83), Protemp 3 Garant (NC - 75.85; C - 77.18), and Radica (NC - 106.1; C - 115.96). In the Noncycled and Cycled groups, Radica was statistically superior when compared to all materials and Protemp 3 Garant was statistically superior to Caulk Temporary Bridge Resin. There was no statistically significant difference between the material's flexural strengths before and after cycles. Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, 20,000 cyclic loads of 6-12 Newtons at 3 Hertz did not have a significant effect on the flexural strength of interim fixed prosthetic materials. Radica demonstrated significantly superior flexural strength over other materials tested.

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MATSUDA, SIGUERU O. "Estudo de algumas variaveis de processamento na resistencia mecanica a flexao de refratarios de SiC ligado a Sisub(3)Nsub(4)". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2000. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10827.

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Dissertacao [Mestrado]
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

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Carlson, Ryne. "Flexural Strength of Steel Beams with Holes in the Tension Flange". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1563527519192391.

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Higgs, Arek Tilmann. "Shear and Flexural Capacity of High Strength Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders". DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1757.

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The section of highway over the 400 South roadway in Orem, Utah is made up of two separate three span bridges. The bridges were originally constructed in 1960 and were expanded in 2004 to accommodate for one extra lane per bridge. During the fall of 2012 both bridges were scheduled for demolition and four girders were salvaged from the southernmost span of the 2004 expansion. These girders were transported to the Structural Materials And Systems Health Lab (SMASH Lab) where a series of tests were performed to determine the prestressing losses, flexural, shear, and shear-flexure capacity of the girders. The results of these tests were compared to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Load Resistance Factored Design (AASHTO LRFD) Bridge Design Specifications and an ANSYS Finite Element model. For all test results the AASHTO Bridge Design was conservative for each test setup and was able to predict the type of failure that occurred. The finite element model was developed for the four test conditions and calibrated so as to accurately represent test data. The calibrations were compared to actual tested material properties to determine the difference between the theoretical model and the girders. (120 pages)

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Peng, Jun, i 彭军. "Strain gradient effects on flexural strength and ductility design of normal-strength RC beams and columns". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48329630.

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The stress-strain characteristics of concrete developed in flexure is very important for flexural strength design of reinforced concrete (RC) members. In current RC design codes, the stress-strain curve of concrete developed in flexure is obtained by scaling down the uni-axial stress-strain curve to account for the strain gradient effect. Therefore, the maximum concrete stress that can be developed under flexure is smaller than its uni-axial strength, and the use of which always underestimates the flexural strength of RC beams and columns even though the safety factors for materials are taken as unity. Furthermore, the value of strength underestimation was different for RC beams and columns, which indicates that the extent of strain gradient will affect the maximum concrete stress and stress-strain curve developed under flexure. To investigate the maximum concrete stress, 29 column specimens were fabricated and tested in this study. They were divided into 9 groups, each of which was poured from the same batch of concrete and contained specimens with identical cross-section properties. In each group, one specimen was tested under concentric load while the rest was/were subjected to eccentric or horizontal load. To study the strain gradient effects, the ratio of the maximum concrete compressive stress developed in the eccentrically/horizontally loaded specimens to the maximum uni-axial compressive stress developed in the counterpart concentrically loaded specimens, denoted by k3, is determined based on axial force and moment equilibriums. Subsequently, the concrete stress block parameters and the equivalent rectangular concrete stress block parameters are determined. It is found that the ratios of the maximum and equivalent concrete stress to uni-axial cylinder strength, denoted respectively by k3 and , depend significantly on strain gradient, while that of the depth of stress block to neutral axis depth, denoted by , remains relatively constant with strain gradient. Design equations are proposed to relate and  with strain gradient for strength calculation, whose applicability is verified by comparing the strengths of RC beams and columns tested by various researchers with their theoretical strengths predicted by the proposed parameters and those evaluated based on provisions of RC codes. Based on the test results, the stress-strain curve of normal-strength concrete (NSC) developed under strain gradient is derived using least-square method by minimising the errors between the theoretical axial load and moment and the respective measured values. Two formulas are developed to derive the flexural stress-strain curve, whose applicability is verified by comparing the predicted strength with those measured by other researchers. Lastly, the application of the proposed stress-block parameters and stress-strain curve of NSC will be illustrated by developing some charts for flexural strength design of NSC beams and columns. The application will further be extended to develop strength-ductility charts for NSC beams and columns, which enable simultaneous design of strength and ductility. By adopting the proposed design charts, the flexural strength design, as well as that of the plastic hinge forming mechanism during extreme events, will be more accurate. The resulting design will be safer, more environmentally friendly and cost effective.
published_or_final_version
Civil Engineering
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

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Książki na temat "FLEXURAL STRENGHTH"

Ibrahim, Hisham H. H. Flexural behavior of high strength concrete columns. Edmonton, Alta: Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Alberta, 1994.

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Morrell, Roger. Flexural strength testing of ceramics and hardmetals. Teddington: NPL, 1997.

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J, Cios Krzysztof, i United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., red. Fuzzy sets predict flexural strength and density of silicon nitride ceramics. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1993.

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Alca, Nedim. Effect of size on flexural behaviour of high-strength concrete beams. Edmonton, Alta: Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Alberta, 1993.

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Crews, John H. Measurement of multiaxial ply strength by an off-axis flexure test. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1992.

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Crews, John H. Measurement of multiaxial ply strength by an off-axis flexure test. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1992.

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Vares, Sirje. Fibre-reinforced high-strength concrete. Espoo, Finland: Technical Research Centre of Finland, 1993.

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V, Zaretsky Erwin, i United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., red. Comparison of Weibull strength parameters from flexure and spin tests of brittle materials. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1991.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., red. Durability testing of commercial ceramic materials: Final report. [Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.

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Części książek na temat "FLEXURAL STRENGHTH"

Libby, James R. "Flexural Strength". W Modern Prestressed Concrete, 154–212. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3918-6_5.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Flexural Strength". W Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 313. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_5092.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Wet Flexural Strength". W Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 809. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_12793.

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Bierögel, C., i W. Grellmann. "Flexural Fatigue Strength - Application". W Polymer Solids and Polymer Melts–Mechanical and Thermomechanical Properties of Polymers, 308–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55166-6_52.

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Wang, Lei. "Flexural Behaviors of Corroded Post-tensioned Concrete Beams". W Strand Corrosion in Prestressed Concrete Structures, 193–223. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2054-9_8.

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AbstractThe insufficient grouting and strand corrosion can affect the flexural behavior of prestressed concrete beams. An experimental study with twenty prestressed concrete beams is designed to study the effect of grouting defects and strand corrosion on the flexural performance of prestressed concrete beams. Corrosion effects on concrete cracking, post-cracking stiffness, ultimate strength, failure mode, and ductility are then clarified by the flexural test, and a coefficient is introduced to quantify the incompatible strain between corroded strand and concrete.

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Wang, Anliang, i Shunying Ji. "Flexural Strength of Sea Ice". W Encyclopedia of Ocean Engineering, 1–9. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6963-5_301-1.

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Wang, Anliang, i Shunying Ji. "Flexural Strength of Sea Ice". W Encyclopedia of Ocean Engineering, 575–83. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6946-8_301.

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Kirby, Jonathan. "Isostasy, Flexure and Strength". W Spectral Methods for the Estimation of the Effective Elastic Thickness of the Lithosphere, 3–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10861-7_1.

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Libby, James R. "Flexural-Shear Strength, Torsional Strength, and Bond of Prestressed Reinforcement". W Modern Prestressed Concrete, 213–88. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3918-6_6.

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Wang, Lei. "Bearing Capacity Prediction of Corroded PT Beams Incorporating Grouting Defects and Bond Degradation". W Strand Corrosion in Prestressed Concrete Structures, 225–53. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2054-9_9.

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AbstractCorrosion can reduce the sectional area of strand, induce concrete cracking, and degrade bond strength, which can further decrease the bearing capacity of prestressed concrete beams. First, an analytical model is proposed to predict the flexural bearing capacity of partially ungrouted post-tensioned concrete beams. Then, a prediction model of corroded prestressed concrete beams is established to calculate the incompatible deformation between strand and concrete under different load conditions.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "FLEXURAL STRENGHTH"

"The Ductile Behaviour Including Flexural Strength of High-Strength Concrete Members Subjected to Flexure". W "SP-172: High-Performance Concrete - Proceedings: ACI International Conference, Malaysia 1997". American Concrete Institute, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/6136.

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""Minimum Flexural Reinforcement, Revisited"". W SP-353: Design of Slabs for Serviceability and Punching Shear Strength: Honoring Professor Amin Ghali. American Concrete Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/51737109.

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"Flexural Strength and Ductility of High-Strength Concrete Columns". W SP-176: High-Strength Concrete in Seismic Regions. American Concrete Institute, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/5902.

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"Effect of High-Strength Concrete (HSC) on Flexural Members". W SP-176: High-Strength Concrete in Seismic Regions. American Concrete Institute, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/5898.

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Montoya-Vargas, Sebastian, Aaron Gallant i William G. Davids. "Flexural Strength of Micropile Threaded Connections". W Geo-Congress 2022. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784484029.021.

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Ibn Afzal, Fariz, Mrinal C. Saha i M. Cengiz Altan. "Effect of Sizing Removal Method and POSS Coating on Flexural Properties of Carbon Fiber Epoxy Composites". W ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-66410.

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Effects of sizing and surface modification on flexural properties of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites have been investigated. Carbon fiber was desized using three types of treatments, namely heat, acetone, and acetone-acid. In addition, these fibers were coated with three different types of Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) molecule. Composite panels were fabricated using the vacuum assisted resin transfer molding and samples were tested in flexure. Scanning electron microscopy analysis was performed to investigate the surface morphology and failure mechanisms. It was found that removal of sizing significantly reduced the flexural strength. About 19% and 29% reduction of flexural strength was reported for acetone treatment and heat treatment, respectively. Composites with POSS coated fibers showed improved properties, except for the heat treated fibers. Among POSS molecules investigated, the S10455 was found to be the best for improving the flexural properties of carbon fiber composites.

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Salem, Jonathan A., Noel N. Nemeth, Lynn M. Powers i Sung R. Choi. "Reliability Analysis of Uniaxially Ground Brittle Materials". W ASME 1995 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/95-gt-031.

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The fast fracture strength distribution of uniaxially ground, alpha silicon carbide was investigated as a function of grinding angle relative to the principal stress direction in flexure. Both as-ground and ground/annealed surfaces were investigated. The resulting flexural strength distributions were used to verify reliability models and predict the strength distribution of larger plate specimens tested in biaxial flexure. Complete fractography was done on the specimens. Failures occurred from agglomerates, machining cracks, or hybrid flaws that consisted of a machining crack located at a processing agglomerate. Annealing eliminated failures due to machining damage. Reliability analyses were performed using two and three parameter Weibull and Batdorf methodologies. The Weibull size effect was demonstrated for machining flaws. Mixed mode reliability models reasonably predicted the strength distributions of uniaxial flexure and biaxial plate specimens.

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Makunza, John K., i G. Senthil Kumaran. "An Experimental Investigation on Suitability of Using Sisal Fibers in Reinforced Concrete Composites". W 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.24.

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Fiber reinforcement is widely used in construction engineering to improve the mechanical properties of concrete such as compressive and tensile strengths. Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension and is a brittle material. In the construction industry, strength, durability and cost are among the major factors for selecting the suitable construction materials. During this investigation, the mechanical properties of sisal fibers reinforced concrete (SFRC) were assessed namely, flexural strength, tensile strength ad interfacial bond strength. The said properties were assessed in two types of reinforcement namely, randomly oriented sisal fibers and parallel oriented sisal fibers reinforcement. In both cases the sisal fibers were varied in volume fractions so as to establish the optimum value. The mechanical properties of flexural and tensile strengths were found to increase considerably with increasing fiber volume fractions until an optimum volume fraction is reached, thereafter, the strengths were found to decrease continuously. The prominent increment of 32.4% in flexural strength at fiber volume fraction of 2.0% parallel reinforced fiber concrete composite was observed. There was very small increment on both flexural and tensile strength for randomly oriented chopped sisal fibers reinforced concrete (SFRC). The Interfacial bond strength was found to be 0.12 N/mm2 and was observed to be prominent for chopped sisal fibers reinforced concrete specimens tested for flexural strength. During failure, fiber pull-out was observed and the composite was observed to behave in a ductile manner whereby the fibers were able to carry more load while full fracture had occurred on the specimen. The water absorption capacity of the SFRC was found to increase with increasing sisal fiber volume fraction.

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""Flexural Ductility, Strength Prediction, and Hysteretic Behavior of Ultra-High-Strength Concrete Members"". W SP-121: High-Strength Concrete: Second International Symposium. American Concrete Institute, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/2850.

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Qiao, Qingyao, i Changle Fang. "Compressive and flexural strength of high strength phase change mortar". W ADVANCES IN MATERIALS, MACHINERY, ELECTRONICS II: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Advances in Materials, Machinery, Electronics (AMME 2018). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5033596.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "FLEXURAL STRENGHTH"

Katoh, Yutai, Sosuke Kondo, Lance Lewis Snead i John D. Hunn. Strength Evaluation of PyC for TRISO Particles: Development of Equibiaxial Flexural Test. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), wrzesień 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1244179.

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Burchell, Timothy. Grade 2114: Flexure Strength and Elastic Properties. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), wrzesień 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1564183.

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Yosefani, Anas. Flexural Strength, Ductility, and Serviceability of Beams that Contain High-Strength Steel Reinforcement and High-Grade Concrete. Portland State University Library, styczeń 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6286.

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Mones, Ryan M., i Sergio F. Breña. Flexural and Shear Strength of Hollow-core Slabs with Cast-in-place Field Topping. Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.15554/pci.rr.comp-008.

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Borland, Sharon L. A Comparison of Test Methods for Determination of Flexural Strength in Urea Model Ice. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, sierpień 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada227781.

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Adams, Caitlin J., Baishakhi Bose, Ethan Mann, Kendra A. Erk, Ali Behnood, Alberto Castillo, Fabian B. Rodriguez, Yu Wang i Jan Olek. Superabsorbent Polymers for Internally Cured Concrete. Purdue University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317366.

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Two commercial superabsorbent polymer (SAP) formulations were used to internally cure cement pastes, mortars, and concretes with a range of water-to-cement ratios (w/c 0.35–0.52). The following properties were determined as a function of cement chemistry and type, use of chemical admixtures, use of slag, and batching parameters: SAP absorption capacity, fresh mixture workability and consistency, degree of hydration, volumetric stability, cracking tendency, compressive and flexural strength, and pumpability. SAP internal curing agents resulted in cementitious mixtures with improved hydration, accelerated strength gain, greater volumetric stability, and improved cracking resistance while maintaining sufficient workability to be pumped and placed without sacrificing compressive or flexural strength. When using SAP, batching adjustments prioritized the use of water reducing admixture instead of extra water to tune workability. While the benefits of SAP internal curing agents for low w/c mixtures were expected, SAP-containing mixtures with w/c ≥ 0.42 displayed accelerated strength development and decreased cracking tendency.

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Collins, Travis, i Patrick J. Fortney. Estimating in situ Flexural Strength of Heat-Affected Prestressed Concrete Beams Using Constituent Material Models. Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.15554/pci.rr.comp-011.

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Wang, Timothy W., i Frank D. Blum. Interfacial Mobility and Its Effect on Flexural Strength and Fracture Toughness in Glass-Fiber Fabric Reinforced Epoxy Laminates. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, listopad 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada288344.

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Krause, Ralph F. Jr. Proposed ASTM standard test method for elevated temperature flexural strength, creep strain, and creep time to failure for advanced ceramics. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.89-4127.

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Huang, Dan, Mirian Velay-Lizancos i Jan Olek. Improving Scaling Resistance of Pavement Concrete Using Titanium Dioxide (TiO2 ) and Nanosilica. Purdue University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317583.

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This project focused on the evaluation of the influence of nanoadditives on the hydration kinetics, mechanical properties, and durability of concretes with and without supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). The types of nanomaterials used in the course of this study included nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) and two forms of nanosilica. A series of experimental tasks, including fabrication, curing, and conditioning of specimens, microstructure analysis, mechanical strength testing, and durability testing were conducted in the laboratory. Based on experimental results, it can be concluded that the addition of nanoparticles can accelerate the early-age hydration process of cementitious pastes, especially those containing fly ash and cured at low temperatures. Both the compressive and flexural strength of mortars and concretes were also enhanced by the addition of nanoparticles. In addition, incorporation of nanoparticles reduced the total amount and connectivity of pores present in concretes. That resulted in lowering the water permeability of concretes, regardless of the cementitious systems and curing temperatures used. The resistance of concretes to freeze-thaw cycles and scaling was also improved by the addition of nanoparticles, especially those containing fly ash. However, an excess of nanoparticles additions may reduce the scaling resistance of concretes.

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