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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Finance, Great Britain, 1920"

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Steedman, Ian. "British Economists and Philosophers on Marx's Value Theory, 1920–1925". Journal of the History of Economic Thought 26, nr 1 (marzec 2004): 45–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1042771042000187862.

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In the aftermath of the Great War and the Bolshevik revolution, the years 1920–1925 witnessed a great upsurge of academic writing in Britain on Karl Marx's theory of value. We shall not seek to explain this phenomenon but it may nevertheless be of interest first to sketch, as a contrasting background, the limited interest shown in this topic in the pages of the Economic Journal, 1891–1920. For that journal did indeed, in that period, devote considerable space to matters socialist—taken in a broad sense (see Steedman 1990).
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Luzardo-Luna, Ivan. "Labour frictions in interwar Britain: industrial reshuffling and the origin of mass unemployment". European Review of Economic History 24, nr 2 (26.02.2019): 243–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ereh/hez001.

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Abstract This article estimates the matching function of the British labour market for the period of 1921–1934. Changes in matching efficiency can explain both employment resilience during the Great Depression and the high structural unemployment throughout the interwar period. Early in the 1920s, matching efficiency improved due to the development of the retail industry. However, the econometric results show a structural break in March 1927, related to a major industrial reshuffling that reduced the demand for workers in staple industries. Since these industries were geographically concentrated, there was an increase in the average distance between the unemployed and vacancies, and matching efficiency declined.
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Garbo, Lorenzo. "ADAM SMITH’S LAST TEACHINGS: DIALECTICAL WISDOM". Journal of the History of Economic Thought 38, nr 1 (16.02.2016): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837215000759.

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This paper focuses on the teachings and admonitions regarding wisdom found in the sixth edition of Adam Smith’s Theory of Moral Sentiments (TMS). Following a mind-path marked by the seminal contributions of Glenn Morrow (1923), Donald Winch (1978), and Laurence Dickey (1986), the paper offers an interpretation of the higher moral standard (superior prudence) introduced by Smith in the last edition of TMS, as his response to the socio-economic and cultural changes that took place in Great Britain in the second half of the eighteenth century. Between the first and last editions of TMS the taste for luxury and conspicuous consumption became widespread and contagious both geographically and across ranks. Prudence and other-approbation, sufficient gatekeepers of moral conduct and character in the previous editions of TMS, became progressively less effective in keeping society away from moral deception and in regulating reputation and the distinction of ranks. The paper examines the introduction of superior prudence in the last edition of TMS as Smith’s vision of a dialectical process between external and internal approbation that is capable of transforming individual dependence on social praise into a dialogue between materialistic and moral concerns, which would lead to a progressively wiser, although conflictual, existence.
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Goldstein, Erik. "Great Britain and Greater Greece 1917–1920". Historical Journal 32, nr 2 (czerwiec 1989): 339–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00012188.

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The First World War saw the collapse of the old order in the Eastern Mediterranean with the disintegration of the Ottoman empire, an event which threatened to create a dangerous power vacuum. Great Britain for the pastcentury had attempted to prevent just such a crisis by supporting the maintenance of the territorial integrity of the Ottoman state. Britain had a number of crucial strategic concerns in the Eastern Mediterranean, in particular the Suez Canal and the Straits. The former was the more critical interest and Britain was determined to keep this essential link to its Indian empire firmly under its own control. As to the Straits Britain, which was concerned about over-extending its strategic capabilities, was content to see this critical waterway dominated by a friendly state. The question inevitably arose therefore as to what would replace the Ottoman empire. One alternative was Greece, a possibility which became increasingly attractive with the emergence of the supposedly pro-British Eleftherios Venizelos as the Greek leader in early 1917.
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Weir, Neil, i Sue Weir. "Development of otorhinolaryngology (ORL) in Great Britain 1880–1920". Journal of Laryngology & Otology 119, S30 (sierpień 2005): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0022215054527258.

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Cojocaru, Gheorghe. "Great Britain and the Paris treaty of Bessarabia of October 28, 1922. 100 years after the ratification". Revista de istorie a Moldovei, nr 1-2(129-130) (listopad 2022): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.58187/rim.129-130.05.

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This article analyzes the position of Great Britain towards the union of Bessarabia with the mother country, Romania, at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919-1920. It is emphasized that English diplomacy firmly supported Romania’s rights over its province between the Prut and Dniester, also formulating certain conditionalities that the Romanian government had to take into account. England had a primary role in the drafting and signing of the Paris Treaty of Bessarabia on October 28, 1920. Among the Great Powers that signed the Treaty, Great Britain was the first to ratify it in 1922, urging the rest of the signatories to follow suit.
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THORPE, ANDREW. "THE MEMBERSHIP OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF GREAT BRITAIN, 1920–1945". Historical Journal 43, nr 3 (wrzesień 2000): 777–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x99001181.

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The opening of archives in recent years makes it possible to reassess the membership of the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB) before 1945. The revised aggregate figures, while not startling, suggest that revisions to established views of the effects of the General Strike, the shift to the ‘new line’ and the popular front, are in order. The party's membership was very predominantly male, tended to be young, often included a high proportion of unemployed people, and was heavily working class, with miners especially significant. Geographically, its membership was dominated for most of the period by London, Scotland, Lancashire, and South Wales. There was also a very high turnover of membership for much of the period. The reasons for this turnover, and explanations for the circumstances in which the party was best able to recruit, are discussed. Over time the party's membership did become less unrepresentative of Britain as a whole, enabling it to become an organic, if minor, part of British political life. CPGB membership patterns have similarities with those of other Western Communist parties and its predecessor organizations in Britain, showing how the CPGB reflected features of both international Communism and the British left.
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Buranok, Sergey Olegovich. "Russia electrification plan in the USA and UK press assessment of the 1920-1929". Samara Journal of Science 7, nr 1 (1.03.2018): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201871208.

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The following paper deals with the research of the place and value of Russia electrification plan and its reflection in Great Britain and the USA public opinion. The study of information campaign around Russia electrification plan has its specifics and value: first, it gives a chance to establish new, unknown facts; secondly, to determine the level of knowledge of Another (in this case, American) society about the Soviet power; thirdly, to understand what place information about Russia electrification plan took in the USA and Great Britain in the system of the USSR image creation, the image of the Soviet power revolution. This paper uses materials of the USA and Great Britain press about Russia electrification plan. Besides, the author analyzes the image of the Soviet power in the American and British society. The information campaign around Russia electrification plan could report to the world about the Soviet economy achievements as well as promote preparation (in the information plan) to the following large project - industrialization. Articles, reports, notes on Russia electrification plan helped to change the attitude towards Russia / the USSR in the USA and Great Britain and helped to correct the image of the USSR in the world.
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Rhein, Donna E. "THE FORMATIVE DECADES: PHOTOGRAPHY IN GREAT BRITAIN 1839 – 1920. Roy Flukinger". Art Documentation: Journal of the Art Libraries Society of North America 5, nr 2 (lipiec 1986): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/adx.5.2.27947597.

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THORPE, A. "Comintern 'Control' of the Communist Party of Great Britain, 1920-43". English Historical Review CXIII, nr 452 (1.06.1998): 637–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/cxiii.452.637.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Finance, Great Britain, 1920"

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Street, Sarah. "Financial and political aspects of state intervention in the British film industry, 1925-1939". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:aeedf404-aa82-4a7e-a1b7-feb626ffff81.

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During this period the state's interest in the film industry took several different forms. The area of films policy explored in this thesis is the economic protection of the commercial film industry against the high percentage of American films screened in Britain and the Empire. I begin in 1925 because it was not until then that active steps were taken by the government, in response to agitation from producers and those who saw film as a bond of Empire and advertisement for British goods and 'way of life', leading to the Cinematograph Films Act, 1927. This proposed, for political, cultural, moral and economic reasons, that renters and exhibitors should acquire and show a percentage of British films. There was no subsidy for producers or a heavy duty levied on American film imports. The origins, impact and character of official film policy are explored in the thesis with particular attention to financial and political aspects. An attempt is made to explain why policy was limited to film quotas together with an assessment of their impact on the industry's economic development. Details are also given on how the film industry's affairs became caught up in wider debates on tariff policy in the 1920s and in Anglo-American relations ten years later. The first three chapters deal with the evolution, promulgation and initial impact of the Cinematograph Films Act, 1927. Chapter 4 examines the deliberations of the Moyne Committee, established in 1936 to review the film industry's progress. The last three chapters analyse the three major influences on policy during the making of the 1938 Films Act: the campaigns of British film trade interests; the state of Anglo-American relations and film finance. In the final assessment the major influences that shaped policy are outlined together with conclusions on the industry's position and problems on the eve of the Second World War.
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Prince, Graham. "The yellow peril in Britain, 1890-1920 /". Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63845.

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Dubinski, R. David. "British liberals and radicals and the treatment of Germany, 1914-1920". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272734.

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Evans, Adam B. "A 'lingering diminuendo'? : the Conference on Devolution 1919-1920". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/82389/.

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This thesis offers the first detailed assessment of an event that has hitherto been consigned to the margins of the literature on devolution and territorial reform in the United Kingdom, the Conference on Devolution, 1919-1920. Sitting between October 1919 and April 1920, the Conference on Devolution was arguably one of the two moments in the UK’s constitutional history when the territorial constitution was approached in a holistic fashion by policy makers and political elites (the other occasion being the Royal Commission on the Constitution, 1969-1973). The primary aim of this thesis is to provide the first detailed analysis of the Conference on Devolution, to develop a fuller understanding of why it was established, what it debated and why it failed. Secondary to that objective, this thesis will also assess what relevance the Conference has for students of territorial governance in the UK today, at a time when the UK’s constitution is in flux. In pursuit of these objectives, the thesis utilises the ideas and insights on territorial governance of James Bulpitt and James Mitchell, alongside an extensive catalogue of archival evidence, including the previously unstudied (in the context of the Conference on Devolution) personal papers of the Conference’s Secretary, Gilbert Campion. Using this methodology and archival sources, the thesis offers a considerable revision to previous understandings of the Conference on Devolution. It demonstrates that the Conference’s fatal disagreement on how the devolved legislatures should be composed, was not, as has been previously portrayed, just a disagreement at the latter stages of the Conference’s work, but was instead a cleavage that undercut the entirety of the Conference on Devolution. Finally, the thesis highlights the clear resonance between the issues deliberated by the Conference and many of today’s territorial governance debates.
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Drolet, Marc 1968. "The anatomy of the British battle cruiser and British naval policy, 1904-1920 /". Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68084.

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The Battle Cruiser was the result of the naval arms race and the realisation that England's undisputed mastery of the seas was over. The ship was the next logical step in the evolution of the Cruiser. Historians have generally considered this type of warship as an expensive mistake. While it was not as successful as its creators might have hoped, neither was it the disaster claimed by many of its critics. Once the British chose to build these ships, not only did they have no choice but to keep building more of them, but they also had to build larger, more powerful and expensive Battle Cruisers in order to maintain the lead in the arms race with Germany.
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Campbell, James Dunbar. ""The army isn't all work" : physical culture in the evolution of the British army, 1860-1920 /". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/CampbellJD2003.pdf.

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Dawkins, Charlie. "Modernism in mainstream magazines, 1920-37". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:71ef5fb2-9a5a-4277-9b0d-edf307acd1e7.

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This thesis studies five mainstream British weekly magazines: 'Time and Tide', the 'Nation and Athenaeum', the 'Spectator', the 'Listener', and the 'New Statesman'. It explores how these magazines reviewed, discussed and analysed modernist literature over an eighteen-year span, 1920-37. Over this period, and in these magazines, the concept of modernism developed. Drawing on work by philosopher Ian Hacking, this research traces how the idea of modernism emerged into the public realm. It focuses largely on the book reviews printed in these magazines, texts that played an important and underappreciated role in negotiations between modernist texts and the audience of these magazines. Chapter 1, on 'Time and Tide', covers a period from the magazine's inception in 1920 to 1926, and draws particularly on Catherine Clay's work on this magazine. It discusses the genre of 'weekly review' that this new magazine attempted to join, and the cultural place of modernism in the early 1920s. Chapter 2, on the 'Nation and Athenaeum', covers Leonard Woolf's literary editorship (1923-30), under the ownership of J. M. Keynes, and makes use of Keynes's archive at King's College, Cambridge, and Woolf's at the University of Sussex. Chapter 3, on the 'Spectator', covers Evelyn Wrench's editorship (1925-32), and explores the relationship between this magazine, ideologies of conservatism, and modernism. Chapter 4, on the 'Listener', focuses on the magazine's publication of new poetry, including an extraordinary 1933 supplement that printed W. H. Auden's 'The Witnesses'. This work revolves around Janet Adam Smith, literary editor in these years, and draws on Smith's archive at the National Library of Scotland as well as the BBC archives at Caversham. Chapter 5, on the 'New Statesman' in the 1930s under new editor Kingsley Martin, explores a period when modernism was more widely recognized, and pays particular attention to a short text by James Joyce printed in 1932, 'From a Banned Writer to a Banned Singer'.
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Changwony, Frederick Kibon. "Three essays in household finance". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/20407.

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This thesis explores the impact of two behavioural finance concepts, social psychology and psychology, on household financial decisions. Under social psychology, I investigate whether the variety and intensity of social engagement enhances stock market participation. With regard to psychology, I examine two behavioural biases. First, I investigate whether mental accounting influences portfolio choice in three asset classes and whether financial advice and housing tenure increase (decrease) the effects of mental accounts on portfolio choice. Second, I examine whether households’ self-reported housing wealth are anchored on published house price indices and whether anchoring bias is mediated by market information, mortgage refinancing decisions and social factors. The main contributions and findings in the three studies are as follows. First, although there is an elaborate body of research concerning the relationship between social engagement mechanisms and portfolio choice, most studies investigate specific mechanisms in isolation. Using three waves in the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), I bring together five social engagement measures in one model and show that socially engaged individuals are more likely to participate in the stock market. Consistent with Granovetter’s (1973) theory of social networks I find that a weak tie (measured by social group involvement) has a positive effect on stock market participation whereas a strong tie (measured by talking to neighbours) has no effect. More trusting individuals are more likely to participate in the stock market, as are those who identify with a political party. In contrast, the degree to which religion is important appears to have little impact. These results are robust using different specifications. Overall, the results of this study demonstrate that the likelihood of stock market participation increases with the variety and intensity of social engagement. Second, despite the established theoretical underpinnings of mental accounting in behavioural portfolio theory (BPT) and recent extensions, not much is known about their implications in real life situations. I use a recent UK household survey, the Wealth and Assets Survey (WAS), which has comprehensive information about financial assets to investigate whether there are differences in the ownership and portfolio share of three asset classes among individuals who exhibit no mental account, a single mental account and multiple mental accounts, and the conditional influences of financial advice, housing, cognitive ability, time preference and risk tolerance. Overall I find that mental accounting together with financial advice and housing tenure explain variations in both the probability of ownership and portfolio share in the three asset classes. Households that exhibit a single mental account have low share of investments in, and are less likely to own, a risky asset when compared to those that exhibit no mental account or exhibit multiple mental accounts. I also find that, when compared to having no mental account, exhibiting a single mental account or multiple mental accounts increases both the probability and investment share in a fairly safe asset but decreases portfolio share in safe assets. In addition, among those that exhibit a single mental or multiple mental accounts, financial advice decreases portfolio share in risky assets and fairly safe assets and increases portfolio share in safe assets. Housing tenure increases both the probability and portfolio share in risky assets, decreases portfolio share in fairly safe assets and increases portfolio share in safe assets. These results are consistent using multi-equation regressions, sub-samples, reparametrised variables and poisson regressions. Finally, as little is known about how households derive the self-reported house prices estimates that are commonly used to determine housing wealth, the third study examines whether households are anchored on published house price indices. The key conjecture is that, while assessing the values of their homes, homeowners place more weight on house price news at the expense of property characteristics and other market information. I find support for this hypothesis using sixteen waves of the BHPS, multiple methods, and both regional and national house price indices. I conclude that changes in self-reported housing wealth are anchored on changes in published house price indices. Specifically, ownership through a mortgage and greater financial expectations increase anchoring effects while mortgage refinancing decreases the effects. Moreover, use of money raised from refinancing for home investment, as opposed to other consumption purposes, has a positive association with change in self-reported house value and both uses reduce anchoring bias. In addition, I find that computer use increases anchoring bias and, among social engagement mechanisms, religiosity reduces anchoring while other measures have no effect. These results are robust to internal instrumental variables, national aggregate house prices, alternative indices and sub-samples.
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Bruley, Sue. "Leninism, Stalinism, and the women's movement in Britain, 1920-1939". New York : Garland Pub, 1986. http://books.google.com/books?id=Pa7aAAAAMAAJ.

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Edwards, Amy. "Financial consumerism : mass investment culture and Thatcherism, c.1958-1995". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7245/.

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The rise of a mass investment culture has been recognised by academics and contemporaries alike. Generally understood in the British context as ‘popular capitalism’, the growing numbers of individuals with a stake in stock markets on both sides of the Atlantic has been an integral part of the advent of what is loosely termed neoliberalism in contemporary societies. However, we know very little about how this mass investment culture developed and evolved in the late-twentieth century, and the relationship it fostered between the individual and the financial services industry. This thesis seeks to explore this phenomenon as it emerged in Britain, in order to highlight the limitations of popular capitalism, both as a political project and as a framework of analysis for understanding the 1980s. Instead a concept of financial consumerism is offered as a more useful lens through which to understand the changes associated with Thatcherism and neoliberal reform in Britain. In doing so, this research moves our site of analysis away from the national and Thatcher-centred bounds of the Conservative Party’s political project, and the economic ideologies of New Right think tanks and economists in Chicago, Germany and Austria. Instead, analysis centres on the actions of agents external to the Conservative Party. They transformed an ideological project designed to create self-governing citizens into a form of consumption which favoured large financial institutions at the expense of the individual consumer.
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Książki na temat "Finance, Great Britain, 1920"

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Casper, Dale E. Financing public education in the United States and Great Britain during the 1980's. Monticello, Ill., USA: Vance Bibliographies, 1987.

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Sefton, James. Reconciliation of national income and expenditure: Balanced estimates of national income for the United Kingdom, 1920-1990. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

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E, Mingay G., Holderness B. A i Turner Michael Edward, red. Land, labour, and agriculture, 1700-1920: Essays for Gordon Mingay. London: Hambledon Press, 1991.

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Marie, Coleman. "A terrible danger to the morals of the country": The Irish hospitals' sweepstake in Great Britain, 1930-87. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, 2005.

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Roy, Chandler, i Edwards J. R, red. Recurring issues in auditing: Professional debate, 1875-1900. New York: Garland Pub., 1994.

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Parliament, Great Britain. Finance Bill. London: Stationery Office, 2002.

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Parliament, Great Britain. Finance Bill. London: Stationery Office, 2003.

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Parliament, Great Britain. Finance Bill. London: Stationery Office, 2000.

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Parliament, Great Britain. Finance bill. London: Stationery Office, 1999.

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Parliament, Great Britain. Finance Bill. London: Stationery Office, 2005.

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Części książek na temat "Finance, Great Britain, 1920"

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Temperley, Howard. "The Great Divide: 1914–1920". W Britain and America since Independence, 89–112. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-87971-7_6.

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Eaden, James, i David Renton. "High Hopes: 1920–28". W The Communist Party of Great Britain Since 1920, 1–35. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403907226_1.

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Eaden, James, i David Renton. "The Zig-Zag Left: 1928–39". W The Communist Party of Great Britain Since 1920, 36–68. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403907226_2.

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Eaden, James, i David Renton. "The Party at War: its Finest Hour?" W The Communist Party of Great Britain Since 1920, 69–97. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403907226_3.

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Eaden, James, i David Renton. "Past its Peak: 1945–56". W The Communist Party of Great Britain Since 1920, 98–117. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403907226_4.

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Eaden, James, i David Renton. "The Monolith Cracks: 1956–68". W The Communist Party of Great Britain Since 1920, 118–42. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403907226_5.

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Eaden, James, i David Renton. "Not Fade Away: from 1968 to Dissolution". W The Communist Party of Great Britain Since 1920, 143–83. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403907226_6.

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Eaden, James, i David Renton. "Conclusion". W The Communist Party of Great Britain Since 1920, 184–87. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403907226_7.

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McCorristine, Shane. "Edward Cox, ‘The Duality of the Mind’, Proceedings of the Psychological Society of Great Britain, 1875– 1879 (London, 1880), pp. 73–86." W Spiritualism, Mesmerism and the Occult, 1800–1920, 151–59. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003112822-12.

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Burk, Kathleen. "Money and power: the shift from Great Britain to the United States." W Finance and Financiers in European History 1880–1960, 359–70. Cambridge University Press, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511599545.020.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Finance, Great Britain, 1920"

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Слабинский, В. Ю., i Н. М. Воищева. "MODERN PSYCHOTHERAPY AS AN ELEMENT OF PROACTIVE SOFT POWER". W Антология российской психотерапии и психологии. Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54775/ppl.2023.66.19.001.

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Начало специальной военной операции на Украине по демилитаризации и денацификации привело к яркому проявлению целого ряда трендов в самых разных областях жизни. Одним из таких трендов стала культура отмены русскости во всех ее проявлениях (культурном, научном, историческом и др.), что свидетельствует о трансформации военной доктрины и формировании новых театров военных действий, среди которых особое значение приобретает сфера информационно-психологического противоборства. Еще в 1960 году Е. Э. Месснер (1891-1974) предсказал, что в ХХI веке главным театром военных действий станет ментальная сфера. Принято различать жесткую силу (hard power) и мягкую силу (soft power). Жесткая сила связана с использованием метода кнута и пряника для получения желаемого результата. Мягкая сила (soft power) дает возможность привлекать людей на свою сторону без применения насилия. В США, Германии, Великобритании и некоторых других западных странах методы психотерапии рассматриваются как элементы мягкой силы, направленной на формирование прозападного мировоззрения и системы ценностей. Продвижение определенных психотерапевтических методов на территории Восточной Европы, Постсоветского пространства и Китая финансируется западными фондами, аффилированными с государственными структурами. Так можно вспомнить, что на Украине западная психотерапия начала массово укореняться при поддержке различных западных фондов и институтов, начиная примерно с 2005, а в Белоруссии – с 2012 года. В апреле 2022 года в ВКонтакте нами был проведен опрос российских психотерапевтов «Уважаемые коллеги, способны ли Вы отличить Добро от Зла?», в котором принял участие 86 специалистов. Выборка носила случайный характер. Почти 40% респондентов признали, что не в состоянии отличить Добро от Зла. В ситуации, когда основным актуальным запросом клиентов является выработка собственной позиции по отношению к СВО на Украине, данный показатель свидетельствует о растерянности самих специалистов, работающих в западных психотерапевтических подходах. Для решения проблемы необходимо снятие негласного общественного запрета на разработку российских методик мировоззренческой психотерапии (для западных специалистов таких ограничений нет) и развитие проактивности у психотерапевтов и психологов-консультантов. The start of a special military operation in Ukraine on demilitarization and denazification led to a bright manifestation of a number of trends in a variety of areas of life. One of these trends was the culture of the abolition of Russianism in all its manifestations (cultural, scientific, historical, etc.), which shows the transformation of military doctrine and the formation of new theaters of war, among which the sphere of information and psychological confrontation is of particular importance. Back in 1960, E. E. Messner (1891-1974) predicted that in the 21st century the mental sphere would become the main theater of military operations. It is customary to distinguish between hard power and soft power. Hard power is associated with using the carrot and sticks method to produce the desired result. Soft power makes it possible to attract people to your side without the use of violence. In the USA, Germany, Great Britain and some other Western countries, psychotherapy methods are seen as elements of soft power aimed at forming a pro-Western worldview and value system. The promotion of certain psychotherapeutic methods in Eastern Europe, post- Soviet countries and China is financed by Western funds affiliated with government agencies. Therefore, we can recall that western psychotherapy in Ukraine began to take root in the population with the support of various western foundations and institutions, starting around 2005, and in Belarus since 2012 In April 2022, on VKontakte, we conducted a survey of Russian psychotherapists "Dear colleagues, are you able to distinguish Good from Evil?" 86 specialists participated in the survey. The sample group was random. Almost 40% of respondents admitted that they were unable to distinguish Good from Evil. In a situation where the main urgent request of clients is to develop their own position in relation to a special military operation in Ukraine, this indicator shows the confusion of the specialists themselves working in western psychotherapeutic approaches. In order to solve the problem, it is necessary to remove the unspoken public ban on the development of Russian methods of worldview psychotherapy (there are no such restrictions for western specialists) and the development of proactive psychotherapists and psychologists-consultants.
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