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1
PERRIN, GERALDINE. "Elaboration par pvd et caracterisation de couches minces ferromagnetiques sur film souple pour des applications hyperfrequence". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10199.
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Ce travail concerne l'elaboration et l'etude de nouveaux materiaux magnetiques destines a des applications radiofrequences et hyperfrequences entre 1 mhz et 20 ghz. Jusqu'a present, les materiaux preferes dans les applications radiofrequences et hyperfrequences ont ete les ferrites. Il s'agit de materiaux isolants mais ferrimagnetiques donc a faible aimantation spontanee. Or les alliages ferromagnetiques ont des proprietes bien superieures aux ferrites en particulier des aimantations 3 a 4 fois superieures. Mais ce sont des conducteurs metalliques qui ne peuvent etre utilises sous forme massive aux frequences elevees a cause de l'effet de peau. Le present travail transpose la solution du feuilletage aux hyperfrequences et demontre que des composites stratifies du type metal ferromagnetique - isolant peuvent concurrencer les ferrites et meme etre plus performants dans nombre de cas a condition de realiser des taux de charge convenables. Dans ce but, nos composites sont constitues d'empilements de films minces de polymere revetus du depot magnetique. Nous demontrons la possibilite de recouvrir par pulverisation magnetron au deroule de grandes surfaces de polymere (mylar ou kapton d'epaisseur 12 microns voire 3. 5 microns) par des alliages amorphes a base de cobalt, ayant en particulier une anisotropie uniaxiale planaire bien definie et controlee. Les proprietes dynamiques prevues (notamment la violation de la limite de snoek) sont verifiees et differentes solutions sont proposees pour modifier a volonte le spectre de permeabilite. Enfin, deux exemples de realisation de composants hyperfrequences utilisant ces materiaux sont donnes. Sur le plan theorique, nous corrigeons le modele classique de rytov et donnons les caracteristiques electromagnetiques effectives du composite. Nous calculons la contribution magneto-elastique a l'anisotropie dans le cas ou les contraintes sont anisotropes et la rigidite du substrat du meme ordre de grandeur que celle de la couche
2
Auvray, Loïc. "Mise en évidence de structures bicontinues et aléatoires dans les microémulsions de Winsor à film interfacial souple : relations structure-courbure du film-basses tensions interfaciales". Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112060.
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Nous étudions par diffusion centrale des rayons X et des neutrons la structure des microémulsions de Winsor qui contiennent des proportions comparables d'eau et d'huile et sont associées à des tensions interfaciales très petites. Nous obtenons quatre résultats expérimentaux essentiels : i) les microémulsions de Winsor sont des systèmes colloïdaux dispersés. Un film interfacial de tensioactif, mis en évidence par les comportements asymptotiques de l'intensité diffusée, sépare l'eau et l'huile à l'échelle microscopique. Ii) la structure de ces microémulsions est aléatoire. Le rayon de courbure moyen du film est proportionnel au produit des fractions volumiques d'eau et d'huile et inversement proportionnel à la concentration du tensioactif, comme le prévoient les théories de microémulsions aléatoires proposées par Talmon-Prager et de Gennes-Levinson-Jouffroy. Iii) ces microémulsions sont bicontinues : la courbure moyenne du film déduite d'expériences de variations des contrastes varie continument avec la fraction volumique d'huile et s'annule quand la microémulsion contient autant d'eau que d'huile. Iv) les corrélations à grande échelle de l'eau (ou de l'huile) sont de type volume exclus. Ces corrélations s'interprètent bien par l'existence de volumes élémentaires corrélés d'eau et d'huile dans la microémulsion, dont la taille est bien définie et est fixée par la rigidité du film. Nous relions théoriquement la structure de l'interface microémulsioneau (ou huile) en excès et les variations des tensions interfaciales avec la salinité à des effets de courbure spontanée du film interfacialWe have studied by small angle scattering of X-rays and neutrons the structure of concentrated Winsor micro emulsions, which contain comparable proportions of oil and water and are associated to very law interfacial tensions. We have obtained four essential experimental results: i) the Winsor micro emulsions are colloidal dispersed systems. A surfactant interfacial film, evidenced by the asymptotic behaviors of the scattered intensity, separates oils from water at microscopic scales. Ii) The structure of these micro emulsions is random. The film mean radius of curvature is proportional to the product of the oil and water volume fraction and inversely proportional to the surfactant concentration, as predicted the theories of random micro emulsions proposed by Talmon-Prager and de GennesJouffroy-Levinson. Iii) These micro emulsions are bicontinuous: the film average mean curvature, deduced from contrast variations experiments, varies continuously with the oil volume fraction and vanishes when the micro emulsion contains as much ail as water. Iv) The water (or oil) correlations at large scale are excluded volume like correlations. They are well interpreted by the existence in the micro emulsion of elementary correlated volumes of oil and water, whose size is well defined and fixed by the film stiffness. We theoretically relate the structure of the interface between a micro emulsion and an oil (or water) phase in excess and the variations of the interfacial tensions with salinity to the effects of the surfactant interfacial film spontaneous curvature
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Thérien, Francis. "Conception et calibration de capteurs de mouvement à film diélectrique pour robots souples multi-degrés de liberté". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8388.
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Les robots souples pourraient permettre une interaction homme-robot intrinsèquement
sécuritaire car ils sont fabriqués de matériaux déformables. Les capteurs de mouvement adaptés aux robots souples doivent être compatibles avec les mécanismes déformables comportant plusieurs degrés de liberté (DDL) retrouvés sur les robots souples. Le projet de recherche propose des outils de conception pour ce nouveau genre de systèmes de capteurs de mouvement. Pour démontrer ces outils, un système de capteurs est conçu pour un robot souple existant servant pour des interventions chirurgicales guidées par imagerie. De plus, un algorithme de calibration utilisant des techniques d’apprentissage automatique est proposé pour les capteurs à plusieurs DDL. Un prototype du système de capteurs conçu est fabriqué et installé sur le robot souple existant. Lors d’essais expérimentaux, le prototype du système de capteurs atteint une précision moyenne de 0.3 mm et minimale de 1.2 mm.
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Ruellan, Alexandre. "Conception raisonnée à l’aide de la formulation et du procédé d’un film souple biosourcé et biodégradable pour l’emballage alimentaire". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AGPT0032.
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L'utilisation de ressources renouvelables et la production de matériaux biodégradables sont des solutions adaptées afin de diminuer l'impact environnemental du secteur des plastiques. Il existe donc une demande du marché pour des produits écoresponsables, à condition que ces derniers soient techniquement et économiquement compétitifs par rapport aux matériaux classiquement utilisés. Dans le domaine de l'emballage alimentaire, une technique très employée permettant la réalisation de matériaux performants est la création de structures multicouches combinant avantageusement les propriétés de différents thermoplastiques. Néanmoins, de tels matériaux multi-matières sont difficilement recyclables, leur biodégradabilité devient alors une propriété pertinente. Cette étude propose la réalisation de films souples biosourcés et biodégradables pour l'emballage alimentaire, à partir du polylactide et de coproduits de l'huilerie en tant qu'additifs, notamment les condensats de désodorisation. Parmi ces derniers, la solubilité partielle de leurs molécules ainsi que l'effet synergique des constituants liquides et solides à température ambiante, en fonction de la longueur et du degré d'insaturation de leurs chaînes alkyles, ont été montrés comme responsables de l'augmentation de la ductilité du PLA, permettant néanmoins de conserver sa vitrosité à température ambiante et son intéressante rigidité. L'ajout de PHBV au PLA formulé avec les coproduits de l'huilerie a également été étudié, engendrant principalement une amélioration significative de la tenue thermomécanique du matériau. Des essais d'accroissement d'échelle comprenant la production de granulés, l'extrusion à plat de films ainsi que leur impression sur des machines industrielles ont été réalisés. Enfin, avec l'aide du Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d'Essais (LNE), la conformité du film développé avec les exigences légales concernant les matières thermoplastiques destinées au contact des aliments, mais également son aptitude à la biodégradation selon la norme EN 13432, ont été vérifiéesThe use of renewable resources and the production of biodegradable materials are appropriate solutions to reduce the environmental impact of the sector of plastics. There is thus a demand for eco-friendly products on the market provided they obtain performance equal or superior to synthetic materials currently used. One possibility, widely used in the food sector, to achieve efficient packaging film is the creation of multilayer structures by combining advantageous properties of different plastics. In this case, recycling of materials is difficult and the biodegradability of the packaging becomes relevant. This study proposes designing biobased and biodegradable films for food packaging from polylactide and co- products of the oil mill industry as additives, in particular the deodorization condensates. Among these lasts, the partial solubility of their molecules and the synergetic effect of the liquid and solid fat components at room temperature, depending on their alkyl chain length and unsaturation ratio, have both been observed to be responsible for the ductility increase, while the higher than room temperature glass transition of PLA and its interesting rigidity were retained. Addition of PHBV to the formulated PLA with oil by-products has also been studied, mainly leading to a significant improvement in the thermomechanical resistance of the material. Scaled-up trials comprising the production of formulated pellets, cast extruded films and their printing using industrial devices were performed. Finally, with the help of the “Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d’Essais” (LNE), the compliance with requirements of Food Contact Material regulation of a formulated film of PLA, as well as its biodegradability according to the EN 13432 standard, have both been proved
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Tricot, Fanny. "Films réinscriptibles sur supports souples". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSES007/document.
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Les travaux précédents du laboratoire Hubert Curien ont permis d’élaborer des films photosensibles Ag : TiO2 sur verre, support de marquage de motifs actualisables ou permanents. Une adaptation de ces travaux aux supports plastiques et papiers est ici proposée afin d’élargir les domaines d’application potentiels au marquage sécurité des produits par exemple. Des techniques d’élaboration de films Ag : TiO2 compatibles avec les substrats considérés ont donc été développées. Deux voies ont été envisagées. La première utilise la chimie du Sol-Gel combinée à la méthode EISA et des procédés de dépôt tel le spin-coating, le jet d’encre ou la flexographie pour former un film mésoporeux de TiO2 sur les supports. Des traitements basés sur une extraction par solvant ou un recuit infrarouge ont été imaginés afin de libérer la porosité du film sans dégradation du support. Pour réaliser les films sur papier, un sel d’argent est ajouté au Sol avant son dépôt. Dans les cas des films élaborés sur plastique, l’argent est incorporé par imprégnation du matériau dans une solution de sel d’argent. La deuxième voie d’élaboration propose de formuler une encre aqueuse jet d’encre de nanoparticules de TiO2 et d’ions argent, en adaptant la composition d’une suspension commerciale de TiO2 aux exigences du jet d’encre. Après dépôt, l’encre est séchée par recuit infrarouge. Le comportement photochromique sous expositions lumineuses UV et visible des différents films permet leur coloration et décoloration de façon réversible. Les films Sol-Gel déposés sur plastique peuvent également être support de photo-inscriptions permanentes générées par irradiation par une lumière visible d’une certaine intensitéPrevious research conducted at laboratory Hubert Curien led to the development of photosensitive Ag: TiO2 films on glass as support for updatable or permanent patterns. An adaptation of this work to plastic and paper substrates is proposed here to broaden the possible application areas such as goods secure labeling, for example. Fabrication techniques of Ag: TiO2 films compatible with flexible substrates have been developed, using two different paths. The first uses the combination of Sol-Gel chemistry with the EISA method. Deposition processes such as spin coating, inkjet or flexographic printing are used to form a mesoporous film of TiO2 on substrates. Treatments based on solvent extraction or infrared annealing have been devised to release the porosity of the film without damaging the supports. Silver salt is either introduced into the titania pores by soaking the films into a silver salt solution or added to the sol before its coating. The second developed option proposes formulating an aqueous ink jet ink made of TiO2 nanoparticles and silver ions by adapting the composition of a commercial suspension of TiO2 with the requirements of the ink jet process. After printing, the ink is dried by infrared annealing. The photochromic behavior under UV and visible light exposures of fabricated films allows to get coloring and bleaching reversibly. Sol-Gel films coated on plastic can also be a support for permanent colored patterns realized by irradiation with a visible light of certain intensity
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Mackay, Jem. "www.swarmtv.net : non-hierarchy through open source approaches to distributed filmmaking". Thesis, University of the Arts London, 2015. http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/8756/.
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An increasing number of filmmaking projects borrow approaches from open source programming methodologies in the practical process of film production. The potential benefits of open filmmaking include fast development times, customizable storytelling, less-biased reportage and a rich learning environment for future filmmakers, among others. There has been very little academic study about the challenges of this approach and the opportunities it affords for distributed filmmaking. This thesis explores the possibility of incorporating open source programming methodologies into the practice of distributed filmmaking. It develops a number of emergent policies and procedures that relate to this practice, and tests them out using an interactive website called “Swarm TV”. This online environment acts as a prototype for these policies and procedures, as well as functioning as a probe, testing their effectiveness in the filmmaking projects. Data is collected from the website and has been used from a number of projects over the last nine years, to reflect on how these emergent policies and procedures affect the dynamics of a filmmaking community. From the context of open source programming, the digital revolution has emphasized three main characteristics that are significant in open source methodologies: Openness, Non-hierarchy & Collaboration. These concepts are explored in this thesis to define guidelines for distributed filmmaking projects where open source methodologies are implemented. Analysis of the effectiveness of these policies and procedures is provided for filmmaking projects using Swarm TV, and conclusions are developed focused on the effectiveness of open source approaches to filmmaking projects in distributed communities. The practical research in this thesis demonstrates the extent to which open source methodologies are effective for the filmmaking process, and also, identifies the emergent policies and procedures that might facilitate distributed filmmaking in an online environment.
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Tomlinson, Andrew Simon. "Windows and souls : contrary imaginations in film". Thesis, University of Ulster, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268547.
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Gregori, Damia. "Revêtements photocatalytiques pour substrats organiques souples". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10060/document.
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Ces dernières années, la photocatalyse hétérogène a connu un essor important comme technique de dépollution de l'eau et de l'air. L'application de ce procédé sur des substrats organiques souples, comme les textiles, présente de nombreux challenges. Les revêtements doivent être photoactifs sans pour autant dégrader les supports. Avec l'utilisation du TiO2 comme photocatalyseur, une bonne fixation des particules est primordiale pour éviter tout relargage dans l'environnement. La structuration des matériaux est également un point important. La porosité des films favorise les interactions polluants/photocatalyseurs mais doit être obtenue à faibles températures pour ne pas décomposer les textiles. Pour se faire, nous avons choisi de synthétiser des revêtements composites en insérant des particules commerciales de TiO2 dans une matrice hybride silicatée, celle-ci servant à la fois de liant au substrat et de couche protectrice. La matrice est préparée par le procédé sol-gel qui permet d'insérer aisément des groupements organiques au réseau silicaté. Ces modifications permettent d'apporter de la flexibilité aux revêtements afin de conserver les propriétés mécaniques des supports. Notre étude s'est consacrée à l'élaboration et à l'optimisation de ces systèmes. Une première partie a été réalisée sur des supports inorganiques afin de définir des comportements modèles, avant de transférer la technologie sur les textiles. L'efficacité des revêtements a été évaluée en phase aqueuse et gazeuse par la dégradation de l'acide formique, du bleu de méthylène et du toluène. La stabilité des supports et des films par rapport aux UV a été suivie par plusieurs techniques analytiques (MEB, XPS, ToF-SIMS, RMN, angle de contact, IR, colorimétrie) en accélérant le photovieillissement des matériaux. Diverses caractérisations mécaniques (abrasion, arrachage, rigidité) sont venues compléter notre étudeHeterogeneous photocatalysis was widely developed these last years for water and air depollution. Applications on organic and flexible substrates, like textiles, induce many challenges. The coating must be photoactive without damaging the media. With the use of TiO2 as photocatalyst, a good fixation of the particles is essential to prevent their release into the environment. The material structuration is also an important point. Film porosity promotes pollutants/photocatalysts interactions but must be obtained at low temperatures to avoid textiles degradation. In this context, we chose to synthesize composite coatings inserting commercial TiO2 particles into a silica matrix used as binder and protective layer. The matrix is prepared by the sol-gel process that allows adding organic groups into the silicate network. Such modification of the structure provides flexibility to maintain the mechanical properties of the supports. Our study is devoted to the development and optimization of these systems. The first part was conducted on inorganic substrates to define models behavior before transferring the technology on textiles. Film efficiency was evaluated in gas and aqueous phase degrading formic acid, methylene blue and toluene. The UV stability of the media and the film was followed by several analytical techniques (SEM, XPS, ToF-SIMS, NMR, contact angle, IR, colorimetry) accelerating the photoaging of the materials. Various mechanical characterizations came to complete our study
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Ivana, Maraš. "Percepcija i imaginacija urbanog pejzaža u XX i XXI veku: kinematografske projekcije grada". Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2019. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=110272&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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U radu su istražene brojne i različite veze između grada i medija filma.Razmatrano je kako su filmski prikazi urbanih pejzaža postali njihovintegralni, neodvojivi deo i kako navedeno utiče na promene u sagledavanjuarhitektonskih prostora i urbanog okruženja, kao i na promene u načinu nakoji se sa istima stupa u interakciju. Kroz ispitivanje prikaza gradova ufilmovima, istraživani su tokovi urbanog razvoja i analizirane su iinterpretirane društveno-prostorne promene koje se odvijaju od početka XXveka do danas u velikim evropskim i severnoameričkim gradovima.The thesis explores numerous and different relations between the city andfilm medium. It has been considered how cinematic images of urbanlandscape have become their integral, inseparable part, and how thisinfluences changes in the perception of architectural spaces and the urbanenvironment, as well as changes in the way in which people interact withthem. By examining the representation of cities in films, urban developmenttrends have been studied and socio-spatial changes taking place in largeEuropean and North American cities from the beginning of the 20th centuryto the present day have been analyzed and interpreted.
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Beam, Brooke W. "Lights, Cameras, and Agricultural Documentaries: Understanding viewers’ interpretation of source credibility in food documentary films". The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1500448684766755.
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Martinot, Emmanuelle. "Indentation de films élastiques complexes par des sondes souples". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00786422.
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La compréhension des mécanismes qui pilotent la transmission des contraintes aux interfaces déformables est au centre de nombreuses problématiques touchant des applications actuelles utilisant un film mince de polymère souple comme couche interfaciale. Arriver à caractériser de tels films fins est encore un défi aujourd'hui car l'analyse des mesures expérimentales destinées à extraire les contributions dues aux films est complexe et délicate et les techniques usuelles de caractérisation sont peu adaptées aux systèmes. Ce travail étudie la réponse mécanique de deux types de systèmes modèles au moyen de deux techniques de caractérisation différentes. Le premier système que nous avons élaboré et caractérisé mécaniquement par le test JKR, est constitué de films d'élastomère réticulé d'épaisseurs micrométriques (de 5 à 100µm) et déposés sur des wafers de silicium. Les mesures expérimentales ont été analysées par comparaison à un modèle semi-analytique récent proposé par E. Barthel dans le but d'extraire le module élastique de chaque film et de répondre à la question de savoir si l'épaisseur du film influe sur la valeur de ce module. Nous avons montré que ce modèle permet de rendre compte quantitativement du raidissement lié à la présence d'un solide supportant le film mais que la précision sur les mesures de modules de Young reste limitée (de l'ordre de 35 %).Le deuxième système modèle est constitué de brosses de polymères greffées (PDMS) par une extrémité à la surface de wafers de silicium et gonflées dans un bon solvant (47V20). Nous avons analysé la réponse mécanique dans plusieurs régimes de distance et de fréquence en utilisant un appareil à forces de surface (SFA) dans lequel on contrôle l'approche d'une sphère millimétrique d'un plan sur lequel sont greffées les polymères. En statique, nous avons vérifié que la réponse en compression était celle d'une brosse de type Alexander-de Gennes. En mode dynamique, quand la sphère est loin de la couche gonflée, nous avons vérifié que la réponse dissipative était celle d'un écoulement de Reynolds qui décrit normalement l'écoulement d'un fluide simple newtonien entre une sphère et un plan solide. Ceci nous a permis de montrer que l'écoulement du solvant pénètre partiellement à l'intérieur de la couche greffée sur une profondeur de l'ordre du tiers de l'épaisseur gonflée de la couche. Dans le régime ou les brosses sont comprimées, il n'y a pas d'accord entre les mesures réalisées et le modèle classique de Fredrickson et Pincus. Ceci s'explique par les expériences que nous avons réalisées sur un substrat nu (sans polymère) montrant pour la première fois la déformation des substrats solides qui sont indentés par l'écoulement de liquide et qu'il faut prendre en compte cette déformation dans les analyses de nanorhéologie. Finalement, une annexe est consacrée à la fabrication de surfaces hydrophobes silanisées optimisées en vue d'étudier le glissement d'un liquide simple et d'électrolytes à la paroi.
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Aldelaijan, Saad. "Reference dosimetry of HDR Ir-192 brachytherapy source using radiochromic film". Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95205.
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A protocol of establishing radiochromic film based reference dosimetry for high dose rate Ir-192 brachytherapy source was assessed and described. A comparison between calibration curves created in water and Solid Water are provided. Solid Water was shown to be a viable alternative to water in establishing calibration curve for Ir-192 radiation beam. A Monte Carlo correction factor was calculated to convert the dose to water into dose to Solid Water and the experimental methods that we performed agreed with the Monte Carlo results where the ratio (DSW/DW)Ir-192 was found to be 0.9808 ± 0.14% (1σ). EBT-2 GAFCHROMIC film model was also investigated for absorption properties and found to be a less sensitive than its predecessor (EBT-1) in terms of net change of absorbance, but that did not affect the dosimetric value that this film possesses. A dose error assessment method has been described for EBT-2 film model (and is applicable to other types as well) that can establish the time error constraints on the post-irradiation scanning time that will still provide an acceptable dose error for clinical applications if the protocol employing the shorter post-irradiation scanning time is implemented in the clinic. We show that for two post-irradiation scanning times of 30 minutes and 24 hours the 1% dose error can be granted if the scanning time window is less than ± 5 minutes and ± 2 hours, respectively. Performance of EBT-2 model was also evaluated in water and it was concluded that a suggested correction protocol is necessary for immersion times that exceed 2 hours. This correction was tested with the calibration curve created from water setup and found to be effective when compared to the dose-corrected calibration curve in Solid Water.Un protocole d'établir film radiochromique dosimétrie de référence en fonction de débit de dose élevé source Ir-192 curiethérapie été évalués et décrits. Une comparaison entre les courbes d'étalonnage créé dans l'eau et Solid WaterTM sont fournis. Solid WaterTM s'est révélée être une alternative viable à l'eau dans l'établissement de la courbe d'étalonnage pour les Ir-192 faisceau de rayonnement. Un facteur de correction de Monte Carlo a été calculé pour convertir la dose à l'eau en dose à Solid WaterTM et les méthodes expérimentales que nous avons réalisé d'accord avec les résultats de Monte Carlo où le ratio (DSW/DW)Ir-192 a été trouvé à 0.9808 ± 0.14% (1σ). EBT-2 modèle GAFCHROMICTM film a également été étudiée pour les propriétés d'absorption et jugé être un moins sensible que son prédécesseur (EBT-1) en termes de variation nette de l'absorbance, mais cela n'a pas d'incidence sur la valeur dosimétrique que ce film possède. Une méthode d'évaluation des doses d'erreur a été décrit pour le modèle EBT-2 film (et est applicable à d'autres types ainsi) qui permet d'établir les contraintes de temps d'erreur sur le post-irradiation temps de balayage, qui va encore donner une erreur de dose acceptable pour des applications cliniques, si le protocole emploie le plus court post-irradiation de numérisation temps est mis en uvre dans la clinique. Nous montrons que pour deux post-irradiation de numérisation fois de 30 minutes et 24 heures, la dose d'erreur de 1% peut être accordée si la fenêtre de temps de balayage est inférieure à ± 5 minutes et de ± 2 heures, respectivement. Performance de la EBT-2 modèle a également été évaluée dans l'eau et il a été conclu un protocole de correction proposé est nécessaire pour que les temps d'immersion supérieure à 2 heures. Cette correction a été testé avec la courbe de calibration créée à partir d'installation de l'eau et ont été jugés effic
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Black, Matthew R. "Suggestion Box". Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2018. http://www.kaltura.com/tiny/02n6c.
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Kiani, Ahmed. "Analysis of metal oxide thin film transistors with high-k dielectrics and source/drain contact metals". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648586.
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Bickenbach, Anke. "Der funktionelle Gebrauch von Source-Music als autonome Musik in einer Auswahl von Wim-Wenders-Filmen". [Köln] : [Univ.- und Stadtbibliothek], 2008. http://d-nb.info/99073661X/34.
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Sporea, Radu. "Polysilicon thin-film source-gated transistors for mixed signal large area electronics". Thesis, University of Surrey, 2010. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/782735/.
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Gold, Jeffrey Stephen. "Characterization of a novel methyl radical source and related thin film growth studies". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1787.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2000.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 108 p. : ill. (some col.) + appendix; 37 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-108; p. A-37).
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Weber, Sofie Aimee. "Contaminant transport and mass transfer to runoff including infiltration". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_etd_hy0151_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.
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Semkiv, O. "Blockbuster films as an effecnive source of environmental information". Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2005. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13557.
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Rodgers, Joseph J. "Radiochromic film dosimetry system for endovascular brachytherapy source calibration : a method and its uncertainties". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16468.
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Beach, Andrew. "Design and Control of an Atmospheric Pressure Theta-Pinch Imploding Thin-Film Plasma Source". Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1606630.
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An atmospheric pressure Theta-pinch imploding thin-film device has been developed for use as a plasma source in conjunction with established emission devices for direct atomic spectroscopy. With high energy breakdown capabilities Theta-pinch sources show promise in the breakdown of highly sturdy samples, such as ore and refractory samples. In order to control the large electrical discharge the Theta-pinch requires, a TTL logic circuit was implemented. This allows for temporal control, and along with physical measures, increased safety in operation.
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Tebby, Zoé. "Cellules solaires hybrides organiques-inorganiques sur support souple". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13639/document.
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Le but de ce travail a été de développer des cellules à base d’oxyde nanoporeux photosensibilisé sur support plastique. Dans ce contexte, une nouvelle voie d’élaboration de couches de nanoparticules d’oxyde à basse température a été développée par irradiation ultraviolet sous air. Tout d’abord, des couches de dioxyde de titane ont été préparées par cette méthode, les films obtenus étant constitués d’un réseau mésoporeux de nanoparticules interconnectées de dioxyde de titane de structure anatase d’après les caractérisations effectuées par microscopie électronique à balayage, diffraction des rayons X, porosimétrie d’adsorption d’azote et d’intrusion de mercure et analyse thermogravimétrique. Après sensibilisation des couches par un complexe polypyridyle de ruthénium, les cellules photovoltaïques élaborées avec des films en contact avec un électrolyte liquide présentent des rendements de conversion énergétique compris entre 1,6 et 2,5 % suivant la nature des particules utilisées. Cette voie a ensuite été élargie à d’autres oxydes tels que l’oxyde de zinc et le dioxyde d’étain ainsi qu’à des oxydes en configuration « cœur-écorce ». Les rendements obtenus avec le dioxyde d’étain, 1,5 à 1,8%, sont tout à fait remarquables par rapport à ceux décrits dans la bibliographie pour des couches traitées à haute température. Les rendements plus élevés avec les couches traitées aux UV étant liés à une amélioration des tensions de circuit ouvert et des facteurs de forme, les phénomènes physiques régissant les performances de ces dispositifs ont été étudiés par différentes techniques, notamment la spectroscopie d’impédance électrochimique et le déclin de tension de circuit ouvert. Enfin, les performances électrochromes des films de dioxyde de titane traités aux UV ont été caractérisées sur support verre et plastique en présence d’un électrolyte liquide ionique, les efficacités de coloration étant comparables aux systèmes élaborés à haute températureThis work aimed to develop dye-sensitized solar cells on plastic substrates. In this context, a new low-temperature method to make nanoporous oxide layers based on ultraviolet irradiation under air was studied. First of all, titanium dioxide layers were prepared with this method; the films obtained were composed of a mesoporous network of interconnected anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, nitrogen sorption and mercury porosimetries, and thermogravimetric analysis. After sensitizing the films with a ruthenium polypyridyl complex, the photovoltaic cells based on the films in contact with a liquid electrolyte gave conversion efficiencies between 1.6 and 2.5% depending on the nature of the particles used. This low-temperature method based on ultraviolet irradiation was then expanded to other oxides, such as zinc oxide and tin dioxide, as well as to core-shell structures. The conversion efficiencies obtained with tin dioxide were very high, i.e. 1.5 to 1.8%, compared to those usually reported in the literature for films sintered at high temperatures. The higher efficiencies obtained for the UV-treated films were related to higher open circuit potentials and higher fill factors. Therefore, the physical phenomena involved were investigated with various techniques; in particular, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and open circuit voltage decay. Finally, the electrochromic performances of the low-temperature UV-processed nanoparticulate titanium dioxide films were studied on glass and plastic substrates with an ionic liquid. The coloration efficiencies were found to be comparable to those of high-temperature processed layers
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Boubrik, Brahim. "Contribution à l'étude vibratoire des textiles linéaires souples". Mulhouse, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MULH0217.
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Dinh, Thi hong nhung. "Etudes technologiques de composants PDMS pour applications biomédicales : développement de capteurs souples de pression par transfert de film". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS127/document.
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Les travaux de thèse portent sur le développement de méthodologies d'élaboration de dispositifs à base de polymères PDMS, destinés à des applications médicales. Ce travail s'appuie sur deux volets applicatifs : le développement de matrices de micro-capteurs capacitifs souples portables destinées à la mesure de champs de pression dans un contexte de suivi d'appuis du corps humain, et le développement d'une technique de collage réversible de composants PDMS dans une application de laboratoire sur puce en micro-fluidique. Dans ces travaux, les propriétés mécaniques du PDMS sont déterminées expérimentalement et à l'aide de modélisations numériques, afin d'identifier les éléments essentiels du dimensionnement des micro-capteurs capacitifs. Différents types de micro-capteurs de pression souples sont réalisés par un procédé de microfabrication à transfert de films. Ce procédé est optimisé à chacune de ses étapes afin d'obtenir un procédé fiable et reproductible. Les caractérisations électromécaniques montrent que les capteurs fabriqués sont opérationnels et adaptés aux applications médicales visées. Les capteurs de pression normale ont une variation de capacité de 3 à 17 % à 10 N - 300 kPa, adaptée à une application dentaire. Les capteurs à trois axes de sensibilité ont une résolution spatiale de 25 mm2, et une sensibilité de 4 % à 3 N en compression et 1,4 % par Newton en cisaillement pur, et sont adaptés à une application de mesure de la pression plantaire destinée à l'analyse de la marche et la détection des hyper-appuis. Par ailleurs, deux méthodes différentes permettant le collage réversible de composants PDMS sont développées. Les dispositifs microfluidiques fabriqués avec ces méthodes peuvent être utilisés avec jusqu'à 5 cycles de collage/décollage, et travailler à débit élevé (500 µL/min, correspondant à une pression de 148 kPa). Les méthodologies développées dans ces travaux ouvrent la voie à l'élaboration de dispositifs à base de PDMS performants et optimisés pour répondre à des cahiers des charges exigeants pour des applications biomédicales cibléesThis thesis focuses on the development of methodologies dedicated to the development of PDMS-based devices, which are required in medical applications. Two objective applications are considered in this work: i) the development of wearable flexible micro-sensors arrays for measuring pressure fields on human body and ii) the development of a reversible bonding technique of PDMS components dedicated to microfluidic chips. In this work, the mechanical properties of PDMS are determined using experiments and computations; they allow identifying the essential elements of the design of capacitive micro-sensors. The manufacturing process is reliable and reproducible, and different types of flexible pressure sensor have been fabricated by a film transfer process. Electromechanical characterizations show that the fabricated sensors are fully operational and suitable for the intended applications. Normal pressure sensors have a capacitance change ranging from 3 to 17% under a 10 N - 300 kPa - load, which is suitable for dental applications. Fabricated triaxial sensor arrays have a spatial resolution of 25 mm2, and a sensitivity of 4% under 3 N load in compression, and 1.4% / N under shear. These features are suitable for plantar pressure measurements required in gait analyses or for the detection of over-pressures. Besides, two different process methods for the reversible bonding of PDMS devices are developed. The microfluidic devices fabrcitated with these methods can be used within up to 5 “bonding & peeling off” cycles, and can be working at high microfluidic flows (500 µL / min, corresponding to a pressure of 148 kPa). The methodologies developed in these works open the way to the design and fabrication of PDMS-based devices suitable for demanding biomedical applications
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Ben, Cheikh Ilhem. "Etude expérimentale et investigation numérique de la multi-fissuration des films minces déposés sur un substrat souple". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAI006/document.
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Les revêtements semi-conducteurs déposés sur des substrats souples sont utilisés dans différentes applications de haute technologie, par exemple pour la fabrication de composants micro-électroniques flexibles ou de cellules photovoltaïques flexibles. Sous un chargement de traction, ces revêtements subissent un endommagement caractérisé par l'apparition de multiples fissures sur leur surface avec ou sans délaminage à l'interface film/substrat. A la fin du processus de la multi-fissuration, une distance caractéristique entre les fissures peut être mesurée. Cette distance dépend principalement de l'épaisseur du film et du comportement mécanique du substrat.Dans ce projet, une étude expérimentale sur des monocouches d'oxyde et des multicouches d'oxyde et d'argent de différentes épaisseurs déposées sur deux substrats souples a été menée. Cette étude nous a permis de déterminer le comportement mécanique de chaque substrat, d'identifier les stades de la multi-fissuration des couches minces à savoir un premier stade d'apparition aléatoire de fissures, un deuxième stade de fissuration régulière et un dernier stade de saturation du réseau de fissures. L'influence de l'épaisseur de la couche d'argent a été également étudiée.Nous avons développé un modèle mécanique 2D basé utilisant des zones cohésives pour simuler l'amorçage et la propagation de fissures à travers le film. Ce modèle a permis de simuler numériquement les trois stades de la multi-fissuration des monocouches d?oxyde déposées sur polymère tels qu' observés expérimentalement. Nous avons ensuite réduit le modèle à une cellule représentative permettant de modéliser seulement les deux derniers stades de la multi fissuration. Cette cellule nous a permis d'identifier l'influence des propriétés géométriques et mécaniques des couches minces et de leur substrat sur la distance inter fissures à saturation. L'influence du délaminage interfacial a également été étudiéSemiconductor coatings deposited on flexible substrates are used in various high-tech applications, for example flexible micro-electronic components or flexible sollar cells.When submitted to large tensile strains, these coatings undergo damage characterized by the appearance of multiple cracks on their surface with or without delamination at the film/substrate interface.At the end of the multi-cracking process, a characteristic distance between cracks can be measured.This distance depends mainly on the thickness of the film and the mechanical behavior of the substrate.In this project, an experimental study on oxide layers and oxide and silver multilayers of different thicknesses deposited on two polymer substrates was carried out.Were able to determine the mechanical behavior of each substrate and to identify the stages of the three stades of multi-cracking of thin layers.A first stade of random appearance of cracks, a second stade of regular cracking and a last stade of saturation of the network of cracks were identified.The influence of the thickness of the silver layer has also been studied.We have developed a 2D based mechanical model using cohesive zones to simulate the initiation and propagation of cracks in the film.Using this model, we successfully simulate the three stages of the multi-cracking of oxide monolayers deposited on polymer as observed experimentally.We then reduced the model to a representative cell allowing only the last two stages of multi-cracking to be modeled. This cell allowed us to identify the influence of the geometric and mechanical properties of the thin layers and their substrate on the distance between cracks to saturation.The influence of interfacial delamination has also been studied
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CALDIROLA, STEFANO. "Characterization of a supersonic plasma source for nanostructured thin films deposition". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/94564.
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The controlled growth of nanostructured thin films represents a challenging field of research which is related to many different applications of great scientific relevance. The properties of many materials can be greatly enhanced by optimizing the nanoscale assembly processes: by modelling the nanoparticles which create and assemble a film it is possible to achieve very promising results, although it requires a bottom-up approach capable of tailoring the properties with a high level of control or a complex set-up. Plasma-based synthesis processes have been widely developed and applied for an increasing number of technologies leading to important achievements and many industrial-scale applications, in particular in the field of nanoscience.
Plasma Assisted Supersonic Jet Deposition offers a novel approach for nanostructured thin films deposition by combining a reactive plasma with a supersonic jet. An argon-oxygen inductively coupled plasma offers a reactive environment where a metalorganic precursor (titanium isopropoxide for TiO2 depositions) is dissociated and oxidized. The gas is then left to expand from a small orifice into a lower pressure vacuum vessel forming a supersonic jet, where the TiO2 nanoparticles are accelerated onto a substrate by the gas carrier mixture. This deposition technique has proven useful for the deposition of nanostructured thin film having a desired morphology at competitive deposition rates. In order to achieve an effective improvement of the synthesis process, an accurate knowledge of the expanding plasma jet chemistry and physics is of fundamental importance.
In this PhD project a deep characterization of the supersonic plasma jet was performed using different diagnostics. The plasma discharge in the reactor was monitored by optical emission spectroscopy, Langmuir probes and the measurement of voltage and current across the antenna of the ICP source. The supersonic plasma jet was characterized using a quadrupole mass spectrometer to sample the gas from the jet at different positions along its axis of symmetry. The detection of neutral species, radicals, ion fluxes and their energy distribution functions led to an understanding of the expanding plasma properties, its composition and its influence on thin films deposition. In addition to this, based on experimental observations, a MATLAB code was developed to reproduce the ion energy distribution functions numerically from first principle calculations. During this project plasma assisted supersonic jet deposition was also operated for the deposition of nanostructured TiO2 samples whose chemical, physical and morphological properties were analysed by FTIR, profilometry, ellipsometry, AFM and SEM.
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Scarcella, Meredith Lyn. "Verification of TLD/MCNP depth-dose distribution of a ¹²³Pd IVBT source using radiochromic film". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17937.
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Ley, Paul J. "An in-vitro comparison of working length determination between a digital system and conventional film when source-film/sensor distance and exposure time are modified". Connect to resource online, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/1928.
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Thesis (M.S.D.)--Indiana University School of Dentistry, 2009.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Aug. 11, 2009) Advisors: Mychel Vail, Chair of the Research Committee, Susan Zunt, Ted Parks, Kenneth Sponik, Joseph Legan. Curriculum vitae. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 103-119).
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Bergeron, Cyril. "Optimisation conjointe source/canal d'une transmission vidéo H. 264/AVC sur lien sans fil". Paris, ENST, 2007. https://pastel.hal.science/pastel-00004234.
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Dans le domaine des transmissions de données multimédia, de remarquables progrès ont été fait au cours des vingt dernières années permettant d'optimiser chaque module d'une chaîne de communication moderne. Mais en dépit de ces excellents résultats, une approche cloisonnée ou "séparée" a montré ses limites dans le cas des communications sans fil. Notre approche, qui suit celle du codage source/canal conjoint, a pour objectif de développer des stratégies où le codage de source et le codage canal sont déterminés conjointement tout en prenant en compte les paramètres du réseau et d'éventuelles contraintes utilisateurs. Cette approche offre la possibilité de faire converser le monde de l'application (codage source, chiffrement) et le monde des transmissions (codage canal) afin qu'ils optimisent conjointement l'usage du lien de communications sans fil de bout en bout. Trois axes de recherche sont traités dans ce mémoire de thèse qui permettent d'optimiser l'allocation des ressources de l'utilisateur et du réseau appliquée tout en assurant une compatibilité avec la norme de codage vidéo H. 264. Tout d'abord, nous proposons d'utiliser la redondance résiduelle présente dans un flux binaire en sortie du codeur source afin d'améliorer les performances du décodage. Ensuite, nous introduisons une méthode proposant des propriétés de scalabilité temporelle compatible du standard H. 264. Enfin, nous présentons une méthode d'optimisation conjointe de la répartition de débit entre le codeur de source et le codeur de canal au moyen d'un contrôleur applicatif estimant la distorsion globale introduite par ces différents codeurs grâce au calcul de la sensibilité des flux binaires considérés.
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Wilkie, Sonia. "The effect of audio cues and sound source stimuli on looming perception". Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2015. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8974.
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Objects that move in depth (looming) are ubiquitous in the real and virtual worlds. How humans interact and respond to these approaching objects may affect their continued survival in both the real and virtual words, and is dependent on the individual's capacity to accurately interpret depth and movement cues. In computer-generated environments, including hyper and virtual reality,film, and gaming, these cues are often complex sounds with multiple audio cues that are creatively designed for maximum effect. To accurately generate a dynamic and rich perception of looming objects, the design of such complex stimuli should be based on a firm scientific foundation that encompasses what we know about how people visually and aurally perceive events and interactions. Conversely, many psychological studies investigating auditory looming depict the object's movement using simple audio cues, such as an increase in the amplitude, which are applied to tones that are not regularly encountered in the natural world, such as sine, triangle, or square waves. Whilst the results from these studies have provided important information on human perception and responses, technological advances now allow us to present complex audiovisual stimuli and to collect measurements on human perception and responses to real and hyper-real stimuli. The research in this thesis begins to address the gap that exists between the research corpus and industry usage. This is initially accomplished by conducting a feature analysis of the audio cues and complex sounds constructed by sound designers for film scenes presenting objects moving in depth. This is followed by a perceptual study measuring human responses, both physical and emotional, to the complex audio cues designed for the film scenes. Using physical models, we then select a number of audio cues for closer inspection and introduce the parameter of `room reflections' as an audio cue. We investigate whether or not human responses to various audio cues differ when they are presented individually or in combination, or when they are applied to an artificial (square wave) sound source or a real world sound source. Finally, we test the capacity of these audio cues to bias multimodal auditory-visual perception of an approaching object.
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Sojoudi, Hossein. "The synthesis, doping, and characterization of graphene films". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50125.
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Graphene, a two-dimensional counterpart of three-dimensional graphite, has attracted significant interest, due to its distinctive electrical and mechanical properties, for developing electronic, optoelectronic, and sensor technologies. In general, doping of graphene is important, as it gives rise to p-type and n-type materials, and it adjusts the work function of the graphene. This adjustment is necessary in order to control charge injection and collection in devices such as solar cells and light emitting devices. Current methods for graphene doping involve high temperature process or interactions with chemicals that are not stable. Moreover, the process of transferring graphene from its growth substrate and its exposure to the environment results in a host of chemical groups that can become attached to the film and alter its electronic properties by accepting or donating electrons/holes. Intentional and controllable doping of the graphene, however, requires a deeper understanding of the impact of these groups. The proposed research will attempt to clarify the unintentional doping mechanism in graphene through adsorption or desorption of gas/vapor molecules found in standard environments. A low temperature, controllable and defect-free method for doping graphene layers will also be studied through modifying the interface of graphene and its support substrate with self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) which changes the work function and charge carriers in the graphene layer. Furthermore, current methods of chemical vapor deposition synthesis of graphene requires the film to be transferred onto a second substrate when the metal layer used for growth is not compatible with device fabrication or operation. To address this issue, the proposed work will investigate a new method for wafer scale, transfer-free synthesis of graphene on dielectric substrates using new carbon sources. This technique allows patterned synthesis on the target substrate and is compatible with standard device fabrication technologies; hence, it opens a new pathway for low cost, large area synthesis of graphene films.
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Moore, Keara Bevin. "Nitrate source history for Livermore, California using environmental isotopes, noble-gases, and major ions". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2004. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_etd_hy0118_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.
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Pearce, Amber Marie. "Synthesis and characterisation of metal chalcogenide thin films". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/synthesis-and-characterisation-of-metal-chalcogenide-thin-films(7a22c662-639c-4aaf-a4cc-f2ae655115c0).html.
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There is much interest in the electronic potential of ‘nano’-semiconductors. The avenue of research pursued in this project was in inorganic analogues of graphene, namely metal chalcogenides MxEy (M = metal, E = S, Se, Te, x ≠ y = integer value). Thin films of these materials have been used in solar cells, ambient thermoelectric generators and IR detectors, due to their interesting properties, such as: optoelectronics, magnetooptic, piezoelectric, thermoelectric and photovoltaic, as well as electrical conductivity. The key issues with the use of these materials are the formation of controlled films, especially in terms of stoichiometry, crystallinity and uniformity, and also the precursor system used. The aim of this research was to synthesise and isolate novel precursor compounds for use in the deposition of metal sulfide thin films (for use with molybdenum and tungsten). The potential viability of the compounds as single source precursors (ssp) was judged following ThermoGravimetric Analysis (TGA). The compounds were also subjected to analysis using NMR (1H, 13C and 31P where applicable), infrared and UV-Vis spectroscopy, as well as elemental analysis. Cadmium sulfide (CdS) is one of the key direct band gap II-VI semiconductors, having vital optoelectronic applications for laser light-emitting diodes, and optical devices based on non-linear properties. The ratio of these films should ideally be 1:1, however, during the formation of cadmium sulfide films, particularly at elevated temperatures, a common problem encountered is the production of sulfur deficient films. These films have a formula consistent with 〖Cd〗_x S_y, where x is an integer value greater than y, but the sulfur deficiency is generally no greater than 10 %. In order to correct this sulfur deficiency, it was decided to investigate deposition making use of both a ssp and an additional sulfur source, with the aim of producing uniform films with 1:1 Cd:S.Molybdenum disulfide films have been deposited previously from multi source precursors and more recently using ssp. In this project MoS2 was deposited using novel ssps in both LP and AACVD on a variety of substrates with the aim of producing uniform thin films and assessing any differences in the morphology of the deposition. This work was continued with the deposition of WS2 and MoxW1-xS2 from ssps which had not been reported previously. The films deposited were analysed using XRD, SEM, EDX (when available) and Raman spectroscopy.
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パスクワ, ロメーロ カミール フェイス, i Camille Faith Pascua Romero. "Development of an electron cyclotron resonance plasma source with an internal antenna for carbon film deposition". Thesis, https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB13071665/?lang=0, 2018. https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB13071665/?lang=0.
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An electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma source which couples microwave to the plasma using an internal antenna was developed. The use of internal antenna provides a "windowless" power coupling method that can eliminate the issues of contamination which require frequent source maintenance. Antenna structure, magnetic configuration and plasma parameters were modified for carbon film deposition by chemical sputtering. The ECR source generated low-plasma-potential (10 V), high-plasma-density (10^16 m^-3) discharges at low gas pressures (10^-1 Pa) and low input power (100 W). The antenna realized stable operation for more than 5 h and can be utilized for carbon film deposition.博士(工学)
Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering
同志社大学
Doshisha University
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Rubiano, Rodrigo R. (Rubiano Ray). "Low temperature deposition of metal carbide films from single source precursors". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34692.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, 1994, and Thesis (B.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science & Engineering, 1994.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 71-73).
by Rodrigo R. Rubiano.
B.S.
M.S.
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Srđan, Radaković. "Анимирани филмови произведени у „Неопланта филму“ (1966-1985)". Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Akademija umetnosti u Novom Sadu, 2015. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=94952&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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U radu se predstavlja I analizira ukupna proizvodnjaanimiranih filmova u "Neoplanta filmu", u NovomSadu, Srbiji izmedju 1966. i 1985. godine.This study elaborates the overall animated filmproduction of Neoplanta Film in Novi Sad, Serbiabetween 1966 and 1985.
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Eernstman, Natalia. "Art as a source of learning for sustainable development : making meaning, multiple knowledges and navigating open-endedness". Thesis, University of the Arts London, 2016. http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/9197/.
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This research is a practice-based inquiry into the contribution of art to processes in which communities explore, design and proceed on sustainable ways forward. In rejecting an overly technocratic approach, this thesis follows a learning-based conception of sustainable development. Rather than transmitting predetermined solutions, social learning is about establishing a prolific framework of conditions in which people can explore for themselves what is ‘right’, sustainable and desired. Such learning shows important overlaps with art, in that it does not set out to transmit a predetermined message; instead the meaning of something is collectively made throughout the process. Where the shift from instrumental, technocratic approaches to participatory, intersubjective and open-ended approaches to sustainable development is relatively new in the social sciences, artists arguably have a longer legacy working in non-instrumental and ‘goal-searching’ ways. Subsequently, this thesis proposes a range of artful approaches that would allow educators to create spaces in which meaning is mutually created. These are the result of three research activities: the researcher interviewed artists, she participated in practices of artists, and reflected upon her own making process in which she conceived social learning as a contextual arts practice. Where this thesis takes social learning into new areas of knowledge is in the way that it conceives the meaning of sustainable development as continuously coming out of the present. Despite a professed action-oriented and experiential rendition of sustainable development, academics in the field of learning for sustainability present the concept as theoretical and abstract: it exists separated from the lived world of practice that it draws meaning from. This thesis argues that the key potential of art lies in counteracting such excessive objectification of socio-environmental issues. Through locative meaning-making, for example, meanings are derived from the here and now rather than from abstracted terms. Consequently, social learning should not strive for sustainable development as an objective, general goal in itself. Instead the learning should be conceived as an emergent process that is driven by an active vehicle, score or invitation that generates an interaction-rich environment in which meaning-making can happen. Sustainable development then threads through the fabric of whatever is happening, rather than being a focus on its own.
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Le, Druillennec Marie. "Etude des mécanismes d'endommagement de films minces métalliques déposés sur substrats souples pour l'électronique flexible". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAI108/document.
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Depuis une vingtaine d'années, des composants électroniques flexibles sont développés. Ces composants étant amenés à se tordre, à s'étirer et à se fléchir au cours de leur utilisation, le développement de composants ayant une bonne fiabilité mécanique est primordial. Ce travail s'est concentré sur les films métalliques d'argent déposés par impression jet d'encre ou sérigraphie sur des substrats de polyimide, servant à l’interconnexion électrique entre composants actifs. Deux mécanismes d’endommagement sont observables dans ces systèmes : la fissuration et le flambement par délaminage.Premièrement, pour caractériser expérimentalement ces deux phénomènes, des tests de traction sont réalisés sous microscope optique, afin de suivre l'évolution des fissures au cours de la déformation et sous interféromètre optique, afin de suivre les cloques de délaminage. Une analyse d'images est réalisée afin d'obtenir l'évolution de l'espacement entre fissures au cours de la déformation. L'existence de deux régimes de fissuration est observée : la fissuration longue et droite pour les films épais et la fissuration courte et en forme de zigzag pour les films minces. Le suivi des profils de cloques permet d'obtenir l'évolution de leur forme au cours de la déformation.Ensuite, afin d'éclairer les observations expérimentales, les phénomènes à l'étude sont modélisés par élément finis. Ainsi l'origine des deux régimes de fissuration est expliquée par un effet géométrique de l'épaisseur du film. Un modèle élastoplastique bidimensionnel de relaxation de contraintes dans le film permet d'obtenir un encadrement de l'espacement entre fissures au cours de la déformation. À partir du suivi des cloques, un modèle tridimensionnel permet de réaliser une identification des paramètres de la zone cohésive à l'interface film/substrat, où une énergie d'adhésion de 2 J.m-2, une contrainte critique de 20 MPa et un paramètre de mixité modale de 0,4 sont déterminés. Ces valeurs sont en accord avec la littératureOver the past 20 years, new improvements in materials and processes led to the development of printed flexible electronics. Flexible electronics devices subjected to bending, twisting, or stretching during their lifetime, the development of device with high reliability is therefore of great importance for the efficiency of electrical connection. This work investigates the mechanical reliability of inkjet or screen-printed Ag thin films on polyimide substrates dedicated to the electrical interconnection of active components. Expected mechanical failure modes are film cracking and buckling delamination.First of all, in order to characterized the two mechanisms, tensile tests are performed under an optical microscope to follow cracks and under an optical interferometer to follow buckles. In order to obtain crack spacing evolution during deformation, an image processing is realized. Two types of cracks are observed: long and straight cracking for thick films and small and zigzag shape cracking for thin films. The evolution of buckles shape with imposed tensile deformation is characterized.In a second time, in order to understand experimental observations, mechanical failure modes are analysed with finite elements models. The origin of the two types of cracking are explained by a geometrical effect of film thickness. A elastoplastic shear lag bidimensional model gives upper and lower bonds of crack spacing during deformation. A three-dimensional model allows identification of cohesive zone model parameters at film/substrate interface, from experimental buckle shape. An adhesion energy of 2 J.m-2 , a critical strength of 20 MPa and a mode mixity parameter of 0.4 are determined. These values are in good agreement with literature
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Burton-Taylor, Sarah. "The management of firm specific resources as a source of competitive advantage". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/123.
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This study is about helping managers identify and enhance the idiosyncratic firm resources required for delivering superior perceived use value to customers. Specifically, the research has focused on the organisational knowledge required for routinised service delivery, and has operationalised this organisational knowledge as activities.
Project 1 was a comparative study involving observation and interviews in two similar but differentially performing financial services organisations in order to identify the activities involved in service delivery and the differences between the two operations. Project 2 identified customers’ perceptions of value through customer interviews, and then mapped the links between these and the service delivery activities identified in Project 1. Project 3 involved a clinical inquiry intervention aiming to encourage and leverage the firm specific resource of inter-team coordination to enhance the delivery of customer value.
The research has confirmed the role of firm specific resources as a source of competitive advantage, and has demonstrated a link with customers’ dimensions of perceived use value. In this study, effective inter-team coordination is identified as the firm specific strategic resource that appears to enable effective service delivery as perceived by customers, through the sharing of knowledge and interpretations, and the development of service process innovation. Many of these coordination activities are discretionary rather than prescribed, with implications for management practice.
From this research, a framework has been developed for considering and managing firm specific sources of advantage at the detailed operational level. This is a micro level approach that makes specific links between the customer experience and internal activities, through identifying internal and external competitiveness factors, mapping the ‘inside-outside’ connections, and achieving alignment between internal activities and customer perceptions of value.
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Cross, Warren Bradley. "Chemical vapour deposition of tunsten oxide thin films from single-source precursors". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.406141.
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Al-Dulaimi, Naktal. "Rhenium disulfide and rhenium-doped MoS2 thin films from single source precursors". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/rhenium-disulfide-and-rheniumdoped-mos2-thin-films-from-single-source-precursors(16f715f7-392a-43f5-b201-64106517d319).html.
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The doping of rhenium into molybdenum disulfide was achieved by Aerosol Assisted Chemical Vapour Deposition (AACVD) from single source precursors. Rhenium can be studied as a model for immobilization of radioactive technetium-99 (99Tc) in MoS2. The metals Mo(IV), Re(IV), and Tc(IV) have similar ionic radii 0.65, 0.63 and 0.65 Å respectively, and their Shannon-Prewitt crystal radii 0.79, 0.77 and 0.79 Å Hence demonstrating the potential storage of nuclear waste in geologic like formations in of groundwater may be possible. The interaction between the nuclear waste forms and groundwater, which could lead to release and transport low concentrations or vapour of radionuclides to the near field, as a result, decomposition of engineered barriers. The molecular precursors [Mo(S2CNEt2)4], [Re3(μ-SiPr)3(SiPr)6], [Re(S2CC6H5)(S3CC6H5)2], and [Re2(μ-S)2(S2CNEt2)4] have been used to deposit Re-doped MoS2 thin films. Mo-doped ReS2 alloyed, polycrystalline thin films were synthesised using [Re(S2CC6H5)(S3CC6H5)2], [Mo(S2CNEt2)4] via AACVD, adding with a low concentration of Mo source for the first time . We reported as well a new way for production of ultrathin ReS2 nanosheets by coupling bottom up processing AACVD with top-down LPE. This is important in synthetic pathways for the production of rare transition dichalcogenide, also, our processing methodology is potentially scalable and thus could be a way to commercial exploitation. Characterisation of produced materials performed by pXRD, SEM, TEM, STEM, EDX, ICP and Raman spectroscopy.
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Barra-Pantoja, Luis Fernando. "APPLICATIONS OF THE RE-OS ISOTOPIC SYSTEM IN THE STUDY OF MINERAL DEPOSITS: GEOCHRONOLOGY AND SOURCE OF METALS". Diss., Tucson, Arizona : University of Arizona, 2005. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu%5Fetd%5F1055%5F1%5Fm.pdf&type=application/pdf.
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King, Adam. "Constructing a low-cost, open-source, VoiceXML". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004735.
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Voice-enabled applications, applications that interact with a user via an audio channel, are used extensively today. Their use is growing as speech related technologies improve, as speech is one of the most natural methods of interaction. They can provide customer support as IVRs, can be used as an assistive technology, or can become an aural interface to the Internet. Given that the telephone is used extensively throughout the globe, the number of potential users of voice-enabled applications is very high. VoiceXML is a popular, open, high-level, standard means of creating voice-enabled applications which was designed to bring the benefits of web based development to services. While VoiceXML is an ideal language for creating these applications, VoiceXML gateways, the hardware and software responsible for interpreting VoiceXML applications and interfacing with the PSTN, are still expensive and so there is a need for a low-cost gateway. Asterisk, and open-source, TDM/VoIP telephony platform, can be used as a low-cost PSTN interface. This thesis investigates adding a VoiceXML service to Asterisk, creating a low-cost VoiceXML prototype gateway which is able to render voice-enabled applications. Following the Component-Based Software Engineering (CBSE) paradigm, the VoiceXML gateway is divided into a set of components which are sourced from the open-source community, and integrated to create the gateway. The browser requires a VoiceXML interpreter (OpenVXI), a Text-To-Speech engine (Festival) and a speech recognition engine (Sphinx 4). The integration of the components results in a low-cost, open-source VoiceXML gateway. System tests show that the integration of the components was successful, and that the system can handle concurrent calls. A fully compliant version of the gateway can be used in the real world to render voice-enabled applications at a low cost.KMBT_363
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Steinlein, Almut. "Une esthétique de l'authentique : les films de la Nouvelle Vague". Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030146.
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La question de l'authenticité est centrale dans la conception d'elle-même de la Nouvelle Vague qui émerga en France à la fin des années 1950 et fît entrer la modernité esthétique dans l'histoire du cinéma. L'authenticité est la notion centrale de la littérature moderne en tant que moyen d'expression personnelle. A partir du XIXe siècle, une œuvre littéraire s'assurait de son légitimation non plus par une autorité externe, mais par son originalité et autonomie esthétique en opposition aux normes classiques et conventions rhétoriques. En empruntant la notion d'auteur de la littérature pour la critique filmique, la Politique des auteurs aligne le cinéma sur la littérature et achève son processus de légitimation intellectuelle : un cinéma construit selon le modèle de la littérature, installant de manière analogue l'auteur comme instance authentifiante du discours filmique. Suivant la théorie des champs de Pierre Bourdieu, l'émergence de la Nouvelle Vague est comme la naissance dans le cinéma d'un champ de la production pure, à l'image de l'autonomisation du champ littéraire au XIXe siècle. La deuxième partie interrogera la réalisation du postulat d'authenticité en analysant les premiers long-métrages de Rohmer, Chabrol, Truffaut, Godard et Rivette. Si la prétention d'authenticité est commune à l'ensemble des auteurs, leurs films s'en acquittent par des stratégies d'authentification différentes, créant ainsi à la fois la cohérence et la diversité de la Nouvelle VagueThe question of authenticity is essential to the self-conception of the New Wave that emerged at the end of the 1950s in France and announced the modern age of cinema. Authenticity is the central notion of modern literature as a means of individual expression. Since the 19th century, a literary work of art founded its legitimisation no more in an external authority, but in its aesthetic originality and autonomy in opposition to classical norms and rhetorical conventions. Instituting the director as the filmic author, the discursive strategy of New Wave's Politique des auteurs must be considered as an attempt to qualify cinema as a modern art by setting the prerequisites for an authentic writing in film. Following Pierre Bourdieu's field theory, the emerging of the New Wave is described as the birth of a field of pure production, modelled on the autonomisation of the literary field in the 19th century. The second part of the study questions the realisation of the authenticity postulate by analysing the first features of Rohmer, Chabrol, Truffaut, Godard and Rivette. If the pretension of authenticity is common to all of the young film makers, they use different authentication strategies in their films, creating in that way both the coherence and the diversity of the New Wave
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Fox, Brandy R. 1981. "Investigations into the Oxidative Desulfurization Activity in a Film-Shear Reactor, the Source of Enhanced Reactivity, and Other Potential Applications". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11529.
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xviii, 242 p. : ill. (some col.)Fuel purification is an extremely active area of research in today's green world. Specifically, desulfurization of fuels is an important area of research for two reasons. First, any sulfur present in fuels generates SOx pollutants that are hazardous to human health and also contribute to acid rain. Secondly, even trace sulfur contaminants prohibit the use of fuel streams in fuel cells. However, achieving near-zero sulfur levels with existing technology is impractical. The work in this thesis investigates a new process for the removal of sulfur from fuel streams using a film-shear reactor (based on a process known as oxidative desulfurization), and goes on to investigate the mode of activation for the process within the reactor through a study of the reactor conditions. Additionally, other applications of the film-shear reactor, including mechanical activation of molecules and controlled nanoparticle synthesis are explored. Chapter I outlines the current status of oxidative desulfurization research, highlighting the strengths of the method, innovative approaches and drawbacks to the various approaches. Chapters II and III go on to discuss the enhancement of the process in the film-shear reactor using model fuels and a variety of substrates. This method was found to significantly enhance the oxidative desulfurization process, reducing both the time and temperature required to achieve considerable sulfur removal. Levels of desulfurization that require hours at elevated temperatures by conventional stirring methods were obtainable on the scale of seconds at or below room temperature. Chapter IV offers investigations into the conditions within the film-shear reactor, and also presents studies of the ability of the high shear rates obtained in the reactor to mechanically activate molecules. Chapter V extends the applicability of the film-shear reactor to nanoparticle synthesis through investigation of two titania synthesis methods utilizing the film-shear reactor. Appendices A and B offer supplementary information to enhance the studies presented in Chapters II and III, while Appendices C, D, and E highlight work done investigating the ability of platinum complexes to hydrate nitriles and cyanohydrins. This dissertation includes previously published and unpublished co-authored material.
Committee in charge: Victoria J. DeRose, Chairperson; David R. Tyler, Advisor; Kenneth M. Doxsee, Member; Catherine J. Page, Member; Mark H. Reed, Outside Member
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Hill, Matthew Roland Chemistry Faculty of Science UNSW. "The single source chemical vapour deposition of alkaline earth metal oxide thin films". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Chemistry, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/32903.
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Metal oxide thin films are dynamic materials that have revolutionised the nature of semiconductor and electronic thin film devices. Recently, progress has stagnated in some aspects due to the increasingly complex deposition apparatus required, and the dearth of suitable precursor complexes of certain ???difficult??? metals. This thesis seeks to address both of these issues. The application of a precursor complex, Mg6(O2CNEt2)12 to the SSCVD of MgO thin films delivered the highest quality films ever reported with this technique. The resultant films were found to be of purely (111) orientation. Due to the nature of the precursor, the chemical reactions occurring at the surface during SSCVD growth result in a high growth rate, low flux environment and films of (111) orientation have been achieved without the amorphous underlayer. This finding has important implications for buffer layers in perovskite thin film devices. The unprecedented precursor chemistry has been used as a basis for the extremely high quality material produced, along with the unusual, yet beneficial structural morphology it possesses. A new range of barium complexes with single encapsulating ligands have been prepared for use in chemical vapour deposition (CVD) of BaTiO3 thin films. A novel pathway to an unprecedented class of barium carbamates is reported, and also new dianionic bis ??-ketoesterates and their barium, strontium, and calcium analogues were synthesised. High resolution mass spectrometry showed the barium bis ??-ketoesterate derivatives to be monomeric, and preliminary testing indicated some volatility in these species. Insights were gained into the likely successful pathways to building a volatile heterobimetallic precursor complex containing an alkaline earth metal. The knowledge of intimate mixing in heterobimetallic precursor complexes was extended by some novel chemistry to develop the first mixed Zn/Mg carbamato cluster complexes. These complexes were found to be excellent SSCVD precursors for ZnxMg1-xO thin films. Thin films were deposited with these precursors and exhibited a single preferred orientation, with a constant amount of magnesium throughout the bulk of the films. Investigation of the light emission properties of the films revealed significant improvements in the structural order commensurate with the incorporation of magnesium, and the formation of the ZnxMg1-xO alloy.
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Wohlgezogen, Franz. "The Ivory Tower and the Bazaar Knowledge sharing and knowledge creation in higher education through open source communities /". St. Gallen, 2006. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/04609103001/$FILE/04609103001.pdf.
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Russi, Cornel. "Consumer Generated Advertising Risiken und Potentiale dieser innovativen Werbemethode /". St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/05603535001/$FILE/05603535001.pdf.
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Hitchcock, Jonathan. "Decorating Asterisk : experiments in service creation for a multi-protocol telephony environment using open source tools". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006539.
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As Voice over IP becomes more prevalent, value-adds to the service will become ubiquitous. Voice over IP (VoIP) is no longer a single service application, but an array of marketable services of increasing depth, which are moving into the non-desktop market. In addition, as the range of devices being generally used increases, it will become necessary for all services, including VoIP services, to be accessible from multiple platforms and through varied interfaces. With the recent introduction and growth of the open source software PBX system named Asterisk, the possibility of achieving these goals has become more concrete. In addition to Asterisk, a number of open source systems are being developed which facilitate the development of systems that interoperate over a wide variety of platforms and through multiple interfaces. This thesis investigates Asterisk in terms of its viability to provide the depth of services that will be required in a VoIP environment, as well as a number of other open source systems in terms of what they can offer such a system. In addition, it investigates whether these services can be made available on different devices. Using various systems built as a proof-of-concept, this thesis shows that Asterisk, in conjunction with various other open source projects, such as the Twisted framework provides a concrete tool which can be used to realise flexible and protocol independent telephony solutions for a small to medium enterprise.
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Matthies, Holger. "Übertragung von Elementen der Open-Source-Softwareentwicklung auf Outside-In-Innovationen". St. Gallen, 2004. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/01652379001/$FILE/01652379001.pdf.
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