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Mandhare, M. M., S. A. Gangal, M. S. Setty i R. N. Karekar. "Performance Comparison of Thin and Thick Film Microstrip Rejection Filters". Active and Passive Electronic Components 13, nr 1 (1988): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1988/62434.
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A performance comparison of microstripline circuits using thin and thick film techniques has been studied, in which a Microstrip rejection filter, in the X-band of microwaves, is used as test circuit. A thick film technique is capable of giving good adhesive films with comparable d.c. sheet resistivity, but other parameters such as open area (porosity), particle size, and edge definition are inferior to thin-film microstrip filters. Despite this drawback, the average value of transmission, transmission loss, reflection coefficient, resonant rejection frequency, and quality factor for thick-film filters indicate that screen printed Ag films are intermediate between thin-film1,2,9and etched-thick-film9microstrip filters in performance, making it a feasible method for microstrip circuits.
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Koch, Julia. "Fieldwork as performance: being ethnographic in film-making". Anthropology Southern Africa 42, nr 2 (3.04.2019): 161–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23323256.2019.1586555.
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Barreto Leblanc, Paola. "From Closed-Circuit Television to the Open Network of Live Cinema". Surveillance & Society 7, nr 2 (5.06.2009): 102–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v7i2.4137.
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This paper accompanies four films which use CCTV to create Live Cinema performances which challenge both the narrative conventions of cinema and the expectations that we have of CCTV images. The paper details the ways in which this occurs and concludes with some lessons for future CCTV film-making and performance. The films can be viewed at: http://paoleb-ccvv.blogspot.com/
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Liao, Christine, i James Devita. "Arts-Based Research in Precarious Pedagogy-Making Experiences". LEARNing Landscapes 15, nr 1 (23.06.2022): 233–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36510/learnland.v15i1.1073.
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Framing through the concept of precarity, we share our arts-based research on the experiences of creating a collaborative performance-making project focused on connecting students from different education levels, to create a film-dance integrated performance to advocate for social justice issues in education. We, as instructors and researchers, embarked on an arts-based research journey creating sketches, poems, videos, and a dance performance to analyze and represent our research findings. Our performance from the performative inquiry shows our understanding of the collaboration project through the same art form we required our students to utilize: film and dance-integrated arts performance.
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Koyama, Hiroki, Narihiko Yoshida i Kakuro Amasaka. "The A-MPM Decision-Making Model For Film Project Investment". International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 11, nr 3 (15.02.2012): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v11i3.6865.
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This paper looks at the financing of commercial film projects in Japan. A scientific approach is used to quantify the factors that film producers and investors use to make investment decisions regarding film projectsa process that was previously unarticulated. The result of this research is the creation of the A-MPM (Amasakalabs Movie Projects Performance Model), a shared decision-making model for film project investment that aims to promote quality investment decisions and support partnerships between film producers and investors during the subsequent process of filmmaking.
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Feng, Jian, i Bin Liu. "Goodwill and System Dynamics Modeling for Film Investment Decision by Interactive Efforts". Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2018 (13.09.2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7521689.
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Academic research pertaining to the marketing of film industry has identified advertising, film-making, and star power as the important factors influencing a movie’s market performance. Prior research, however, has not investigated the joint influences of these factors. The current study has extended previous research by analyzing the investment decision of studios or investors. In order to analyze the optimal film investment decision in advertising, film-making, and stars power, this paper develops a goodwill model and system dynamic (SD) model, which allow us to disentangle the effects of advertising, film-making, and star power on film market performance. The results show that the film producer should increasingly lay emphasis on investing in advertising to absorb moviegoers’ attention. Then the film producer should focus on investing in film-making when film quality has a great impact on the movie's reputation and audience's viewing decision. Furthermore, the film producer should pay more attention to the higher cost-performance stars who have more reasonable remuneration, better acting skills, and bigger box-office guarantee. Moreover, the numerical analysis reveals that rational audience contribute more than fans to a movie's box-office and bankable stars contribute more than high-profile stars to a movie's returns. Through SD simulation analysis, the film series yields higher profits than new theme movies although the cost of investment is the same.
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Simas, Rosy. "My Making of We Wait in the Darkness". Dance Research Journal 48, nr 1 (kwiecień 2016): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0149767716000073.
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Barreau, Nicolas, Eugène Bertin, Alexandre Crossay, Olivier Durand, Ludovic Arzel, Sylvie Harel, Thomas Lepetit, Lionel Assmann, Eric Gautron i Daniel Lincot. "Investigation of co-evaporated polycrystalline Cu(In,Ga)S2 thin film yielding 16.0 % efficiency solar cell". EPJ Photovoltaics 13 (2022): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjpv/2022014.
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The interest for pure sulfide Cu(In,Ga)S2 chalcopyrite thin films is increasing again because their optical properties make them relevant candidates to be applied as top cell absorbers in tandem structures. Nonetheless, their use as so is still hindered by the level of single-junction cells performance achieved so far, which are far below those demonstrated by selenide absorbers. Amongst the reasons at the origin of the limited efficiency of Cu(In,Ga)S2-based solar devices, one can mention the poor tolerance of S-chalcopyrite to Cu deficiency. In fact, Cu-poor Cu(In,Ga)S2 films contain CuIn5S8 thiospinel secondary phase which is harmful for device performance. In the present work, we investigate Cu(In,Ga)S2 thin films grown by a modified three-stage process making use of graded indium and gallium fluxes during the first stage. The resulting absorbers are single phase and made of large grains extended throughout the entire film thickness. We propose that such a morphology is a proof of the recrystallization of the entire film during the synthesis. Devices prepared from those films and buffered with bath deposited CdS demonstrate outstanding efficiency of 16.0%. Replacing CdS by Zn(O,S) buffer layer leads to increased open circuit voltage and short circuit current; however, performance become limited by lowered fill factor.
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Han, Lili. "Meaning-Making in the Untranslatability: A Translanguaging Analysis of the Film Love After Love". Theory and Practice in Language Studies 12, nr 9 (1.09.2022): 1783–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1209.10.
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Films have been held for a long-term tradition as a meaning-making practice in visual and audio play, in the hybridization of language, image and sound, as well as in interactive symphonization with the audience/viewers. Through the emerging theoretical lens of translanguaging, this article analyzes the translingual practices, performance, instances in a Chinese film entitled Love After Love (adapted from Eileen Chang’s short story and directed by the Hong Kong Director Anne Hui), in which a Portuguese sonnet lyrical poem (Rimas) is delicately crafted in the film and projected in the trailer. Through this analysis, we aim to examine how translanguaging aesthetics transcend language boundaries, transforming from the seeming untranslatability to communicative meaning-making practice. The film presents a situated and embodied poem recital scene that encompasses untranslatable moments of imagination, thus transcending the Mandarin-English-Portuguese divide. The encounter and intertwining of heterogeneous languages and registers create a transformative space replete with tensions between reality and imagination, between lucidity and ambiguity, between resistance and compliance, interrogating the underlying discourses beyond languages and rendering the untranslatability meaningful. This translanguaging-informed film review thus offers an insightful autopsy of the literary aesthetics of the novel by Eileen Chang.
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Sachs, Lynne. "Thoughts on Making Films with Barbara Hammer". Camera Obscura: Feminism, Culture, and Media Studies 36, nr 3 (1.12.2021): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/02705346-9349441.
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Abstract This personal essay articulates filmmaker Lynne Sachs's experiences working with experimental filmmaker Barbara Hammer. Sachs conveys the journey of her relationship with Hammer when they were both artists living in San Francisco in the late 1980s and 1990s and then later in New York City. Sachs initially discusses her experiences making Carolee, Barbara and Gunvor (US, 2018), which includes Hammer, the conceptual and performance artist Carolee Schneemann, and the experimental filmmaker Gunvor Nelson. She then discusses her 2019 film, A Month of Single Frames, which uses material from Hammer's 1998 artist residency in a Cape Cod shack without running water or electricity. While there, she shot film, recorded sounds, and kept a journal. In 2018, Hammer began her process of dying by revisiting her personal archive. She gave all of her images, sounds, and writing from the residency to Sachs and invited her to make a film with the material. Through her own filmmaking, Sachs explores Hammer's experience of solitude. She places text on the screen as a way to be in dialogue with both Hammer and her audience. This essay provides context for the intentions and challenges that grew out of both of these film collaborations.
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Franklin, Aaron D., Mark C. Hersam i H. S. Philip Wong. "Carbon nanotube transistors: Making electronics from molecules". Science 378, nr 6621 (18.11.2022): 726–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abp8278.
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Semiconducting carbon nanotubes are robust molecules with nanometer-scale diameters that can be used in field-effect transistors, from larger thin-film implementation to devices that work in conjunction with silicon electronics, and can potentially be used as a platform for high-performance digital electronics as well as radio-frequency and sensing applications. Recent progress in the materials, devices, and technologies related to carbon nanotube transistors is briefly reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the most broadly impactful advancements that have evolved from single-nanotube devices to implementations with aligned nanotubes and even nanotube thin films. There are obstacles that remain to be addressed, including material synthesis and processing control, device structure design and transport considerations, and further integration demonstrations with improved reproducibility and reliability; however, the integration of more than 10,000 devices in single functional chips has already been realized.
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Jones, Huw David. "UK/European Co-productions: The Case of Ken Loach". Journal of British Cinema and Television 13, nr 3 (lipiec 2016): 368–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jbctv.2016.0325.
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Ken Loach stands out as one of the few British directors whose films are regularly co-produced with European partners. Of the nineteen films he has directed since 1990, fourteen have been UK/continental European co-productions. This article draws on interviews with Loach's long-term producer Rebecca O'Brien, content analysis of his films and the statistical analysis of box-office data to examine how and why Loach came to work with continental European co-production partners and how these partnerships have affected the cultural identity of his films and their box-office performance. It argues that while some of Loach's co-production partnerships were initiated for creative reasons, most have proceeded on a ‘finance-only’ basis, whereby the partners have had very little creative input into his films. Co-production has therefore allowed Loach to continue making ‘culturally British’ films without the creative interference which often comes with this mode of film-making. This creative freedom has been vital in terms of maintaining Loach's reputation as one of Europe's leading auteurs and attracting the attention of film festivals like Cannes and Berlin, which in turn has played a key role in the marketing of his films and increasing their admissions in key continental European territories. Co-production has also boosted the performance and circulation of Loach's films in mainland Europe by making it easier to access EU MEDIA distribution support. These findings not only offer new insights into Loach's films in terms of their production, content and reception, but also contribute to wider debates surrounding co-production and transnational cinema.
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Dominguez, J. E., L. Fu i X. Q. Pan. "TEM Study of the Effect of the Sapphire Substrate Surface Orientation on the Microstructure of Tin Dioxide Films". Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (sierpień 2001): 1220–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600032177.
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Tin dioxide (SnO2) has been extensively studied and used as gas sensors to detect toxic gases such as CO, NOxand flammable gases like H2.[l] Recently, considerable researches have focused on thin film sensors due to their high performance as well as their integration compatibility with semiconductor technology for making microsensors and sensor arrays. [2] The performance of thin film sensors is remarkably influenced by the way they were fabricated.[3] Among various deposition techniques, pulsed laser deposition (PLD) has shown great prominence in the deposition of a wide variety of oxide thin film materials such as high Tc superconductors, semiconductors and dielectrics. in this work we present our experimental results on tin dioxide films deposited using pulsed laser ablation on sapphire (α -Al2O3) substrates with different surface orientations.Tin oxide films with a thickness of 100 nm were deposited on the (1012) and (0001) sapphire by pulsed laser ablation of ceramic SnO2 targets.
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Waterson, Roxana. "Testimony, trauma and performance: Some examples from Southeast Asian theatre". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 41, nr 3 (7.09.2010): 509–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463410000287.
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This paper is a reflection on a number of theatre performances held in Singapore, each of which probed problematic or traumatic historical events occurring either in Singapore itself or in other parts of Southeast Asia. These avant-garde performances were inspired by or built around actual testimonies of individuals in ways which, for this author, suggest a striking fluidity in the boundaries between testimony and performance, one that raises difficult questions about performance ethics and the processes by which collective memories are shaped. The plays also made use of visual media: one had been recorded on video while others incorporated photographic and video materials into the actual performance. At the time I witnessed these plays, I had already become interested in the way that, over the course of the twentieth century, documentary films had come to play an increasingly important role in the recording of testimony concerning traumatic events. Testimony on film, I have argued, functions simultaneously as evidential trace, and as performative event. Films of testimony develop their own trajectories as they enter into the realms of public remembering. They preserve and extend the record of personal experiences, thereby adding them to the pool of collective memory about an event. Theatrical performances, too, develop their own trajectories through repetition, as Marvin Carlson's statement (cited above) suggests. But what exactly might be different when testimony is performed as drama before a live audience? What are the purposes of such performances, and what might be their possible effects upon both participants and audiences? Is the trace left by a live theatre performance inevitably more ephemeral than those captured on film, or might it be in some respects even more powerful? These are some of the questions I raise – without necessarily being able to present definitive answers – in what follows. I conclude by arguing that in the Singapore context, because censorship laws place very specific constraints on the making of documentary films with openly political content, in recent years theatre has been able to offer a slightly greater space than film as a medium for critical reflection. How theatre directors and actors have tried to use this space is a subject correspondingly deserving of our close attention.
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Archer, Neil. "Ken Loach and the Comedians: The Politics of ‘Acting’". Journal of British Cinema and Television 18, nr 3 (lipiec 2021): 280–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jbctv.2021.0575.
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This article explores a gap in the scholarship on Ken Loach's film-making, focusing on his casting of comedians in central roles and the specific impacts of such casting strategies across Loach's work. While the relevance of such casting to Loach's project has been anecdotally acknowledged in criticism, this article recommends a more systematic historical and aesthetic approach. After summarising the theoretical considerations around acting as a practice and its ‘problem’ within Loach's terms, I consequently look at the broader institutional and political contexts of actor preparation training and casting in British television and film since Loach's emergence as a director in the 1960s, and the relevance of comedian casting within these. Drawing on a sample of Loach's films, I then offer a more systematic analysis of how the comedian's body, voice and action signify, examining how such ‘realist’ performances respond to the cultural conventions of ‘trained’ actor practice, as well as the narrative and broader institutional conventions of comedy performance in mainstream film.
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Fu, Yanlong, Dong Jiang, Desheng Wang, Xiaoming Gao, Ming Hu i Wu Yang. "Tribological Performance of MoS2–WS2 Composite Film under the Atomic Oxygen Irradiation Conditions". Materials 13, nr 6 (19.03.2020): 1407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13061407.
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The oxidation and erosion of atomic oxygen are considered to be the most dangerous environmental factors for materials exposed to the aerospace environment. In order to investigate the effect of atomic oxygen on the lubricating film and improve the tribological properties, MoS2–WS2 composite film was prepared by the sputtering technique. The film structure and mechanical behavior were characterized and their vacuum tribological properties were evaluated by a friction tester. The composite film possessed better atomic oxygen (AO) resistance than pure film because of the dense structure. The tribological performance of composite film was different under the conditions after AO-irradiation and sliding and during AO-irradiation. After AO-irradiation, the tribological properties of composite film were similar to those before AO-irradiation. However, high friction noise, wear rate, and reduced wear duration were observed for the composite film under the AO-irradiation/friction process because of the continuous damage of the lubricating film due to the AO-irradiation. The addition of 16 at.% WS2 to the MoS2-based film changed the composite film structure and improved the oxidation resistance of the film, making the composite film exhibit better tribological performance than pure MoS2.
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Kalantari, Alireza, Yusefi Mostafa, Shaharin Fadzli Abd Rahman i Abdul Manaf Hashim. "Dry Transfer Process of Single-Layer Graphene on Multi-Layer Hexagonal Boron Nitride for High Quality Heterostructure". Materials Science Forum 1055 (4.03.2022): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-8547xa.
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Carrier mobility of the graphene thin film is one of the most crucial factors to achieve superior device performance. Factors that influence the carrier mobility include film crystallinity, layer number, presence of contaminations, and effect of the substrate. In this work, to obtain high-quality graphene film, single-layer graphene film was formed on a hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) thin-film via mechanical exfoliation technique. Mechanical exfoliation of graphite was done on a silicon substrate covered with poly (methyl methacrylate)/ poly (acrylic acid). Three adjacent thin films, each having approximately 20 - 30 μm length and 3 - 4 μm width making an average area of 87.5 μm2 for each film. From the measured Raman spectrum, the 2D-to-G peak intensity ratio was 1.7, confirming that exfoliated graphene is a single layer. The absence of the D peak indicates minimum crystal defects in the film. The graphene layers were subsequently dry-transferred onto mechanically exfoliated multi-layer hBN thin film. The area of the exfoliated hBN is around 6,000 μm2. The quality of the transfer process was evaluated through inspection under an optical microscope. All three single-layer graphene thin films were successfully placed exactly on the hBN without any presence of bubble and wrinkle. The process was described very detailed. The formed single-layer graphene on hBN layer is expected to have superior electrical characteristics and can be utilized for the fabrication of high-performance nano device.
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Choi, Jong Han. "A Study on Performance Type of the Female Experimental Film Making Group 〈Kaidu〉". Journal of acting studies 10 (31.12.2017): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26764/jas.2017.10.3.
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Sturgess, G. J. "Design of Combustor Cooling Slots for High Film Effectiveness: Part I—Film General Development". Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 108, nr 2 (1.04.1986): 354–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3239911.
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The metal liners of gas turbine engine combustors usually have to be provided with some form of thermal protection from the high temperatures of the reacting mixture of gases contained therein. For aircraft gas turbines, where weight is a factor, the protective medium is air. The air is most usually introduced by tangential injection as a discrete film at a number of axial stations along the combustor liner so that as the cooling potential of one film is depleted it is periodically renewed by another. Although invariably referred to as film cooling, the most important function of the film air is to act as a relatively cool barrier between the vulnerable liner and the reacting gases. The design margin for error is very small. Failure to design a cooling slot that provides a high film effectiveness can result in thermal damage to the liner. Manufacturing considerations almost always determine how a real slot design is reduced to practice. The resulting liners (inner and outer in the case of an annular combustor) contain no two slots that are exactly alike in aerodynamic behavior and, therefore, in film effectiveness performance. Phenomenological models of the film cooling process are invariably based on considerations of two-dimensional shear mixing. Empirical factors may be introduced to account for the differences in performance existing between two-dimensional film slots and real slots. However, such methods are not of much help in designing a slot configuration that will deliver good performance, for making comparative evaluations of competing designs, or in establishing the performance penalties associated with compromises made for manufacturing reasons. Heuristic arguments are used to derive a dimensionless grouping of internal geometric parameters that describe the lateral aerodynamic uniformity of the films produced by practical slots. It is assumed that the average film effectiveness is uniquely related to the film lateral uniformity. Experimental data from a number of different practical slot designs are examined in terms of this geometric mixing parameter, and film effectiveness is shown to depend on it over a wide range of axial distances and film blowing ratios. It is concluded that the geometric mixing parameter provides a means to differentiate good film cooling slot designs from poor ones.
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Barnett, Vincent L. "The Vampire Lovers and Hammer's Post-1970 Production Strategy". Journal of British Cinema and Television 19, nr 1 (styczeń 2022): 22–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jbctv.2022.0602.
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This article firstly examines the artistic and commercial merits of The Vampire Lovers, which was adapted from the Sheridan Le Fanu novella Carmilla. The production of the film was subcontracted by James Carreras at Hammer to Fantale Films, a company established by Harry Fine, Michael Style and Tudor Gates. The article then proceeds by examining various different and competing artistic judgements that have been made about the film, and also the construction of its unusual dreamy atmosphere. It documents both its UK and US box-office performances and goes on to examine Hammer's post-1970 production strategy in more general terms and in relation to the overall financial performance of the company in the period 1967–72, just before and after The Vampire Lovers. Finally, it examines Hammer's receipt of the Queen's Award for Industry in 1968, the effect of its rolling production-line (or ‘pipeline’) model of film-making on the company's general level of profitability, and some of the consequences of Michael Carreras's assumption of managerial control at Hammer after 1970.
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Raval, Hiren D., Pranav S. Rana i Subarna Maiti. "A novel high-flux, thin-film composite reverse osmosis membrane modified by chitosan for advanced water treatment". RSC Advances 5, nr 9 (2015): 6687–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra12610f.
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Shi, Taifeng, Mengran Chen, Zhenguo Liu, Qingfeng Song, Yixiang Ou, Haoqi Wang, Jia Liang i in. "A Bi2Te3-Filled Nickel Foam Film with Exceptional Flexibility and Thermoelectric Performance". Nanomaterials 12, nr 10 (16.05.2022): 1693. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12101693.
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The past decades have witnessed surging demand for wearable electronics, for which thermoelectrics (TEs) are considered a promising self-charging technology, as they are capable of converting skin heat into electricity directly. Bi2Te3 is the most-used TE material at room temperature, due to a high zT of ~1. However, it is different to integrate Bi2Te3 for wearable TEs owing to its intrinsic rigidity. Bi2Te3 could be flexible when made thin enough, but this implies a small electrical and thermal load, thus severely restricting the power output. Herein, we developed a Bi2Te3/nickel foam (NiFoam) composite film through solvothermal deposition of Bi2Te3 nanoplates into porous NiFoam. Due to the mesh structure and ductility of Ni Foam, the film, with a thickness of 160 μm, exhibited a high figure of merit for flexibility, 0.016, connoting higher output. Moreover, the film also revealed a high tensile strength of 12.7 ± 0.04 MPa and a maximum elongation rate of 28.8%. In addition, due to the film’s high electrical conductivity and enhanced Seebeck coefficient, an outstanding power factor of 850 μW m−1 K−2 was achieved, which is among the highest ever reported. A module fabricated with five such n-type legs integrated electrically in series and thermally in parallel showed an output power of 22.8 nW at a temperature gap of 30 K. This work offered a cost-effective avenue for making highly flexible TE films for power supply of wearable electronics by intercalating TE nanoplates into porous and meshed-structure materials.
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Fang, Xudong, Jing Shi, Tom Wyatt i Donggang Yao. "Twist-film gel spinning of large-diameter high-performance ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene monofilaments". Textile Research Journal 87, nr 19 (20.09.2016): 2323–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517516669079.
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A twist-film gel spinning process was developed for large-diameter high-performance ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) monofilaments. By using polybutene as a spin-solvent, film twisting was demonstrated to be an effective method for solvent removal; approximately 70% of solvent contained in the gel film can be removed simply by film twisting. This mechanical solvent removal process also makes conventional solvent extraction proceed significantly faster. Besides improved solvent extraction efficiency, large-diameter high-strength UHMWPE monofilaments (with diameters of about 80 µm and strength exceeding 3.2 GPa) can be produced with this process, which is difficult to achieve using conventional processes. The capability of making large-diameter high-strength monofilaments may allow new products of UHMWPE to be developed in a number of high-performance applications.
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Rødje, Kjetil. "Intra-Diegetic Cameras as Cinematic Actor Assemblages in Found Footage Horror Cinema". Film-Philosophy 21, nr 2 (czerwiec 2017): 206–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/film.2017.0044.
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This article proposes a reconceptualization of the term “actor” within motion pictures and presents the argument that “acting” is a matter of distributed agency performed by heterogeneous assemblages. What constitutes an actor is what I will label as a “cinematic actor assemblage,” a term that comprises what is commonly known as human actors as well as material entities that play an active part in motion picture images. The use of intra-diegetic cameras in contemporary found footage horror films constitutes a particular case of such cinematic actor assemblages. Through a dynamic relational performance, cameras here take on roles as active agents with the potential to affect other elements within the images as well as the films’ audiences. In found footage horror the assemblage mode of operation creates suspense, since the vulnerability of the camera threatens the viewer's access to the depicted events. While human characters and individual entities making up the camera assemblage are disposable, the recording is not. Found footage horror crucially hinges upon the survival of the footage. I will further suggest that these films allow filmmakers to experiment with the acting capabilities of intra-diegetic cameras.
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Nam, Hyun Jin, Sung-Hoon Choa i Se-Hoon Park. "Development and Characteristics of Multipurpose Transparent Polyurethane Film". Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, nr 10 (1.10.2021): 5222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.19445.
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In industry, recent research developments include flexible films and foldable films. The next step is the development of stretchable films, and studies are being intensively carried out. Research on the development of stretchable and transparent materials is also increasing greatly. Currently, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is the most commonly used film in the industry. However, PDMS surfaces are hydrophobic, so their use is limited to making materials and compounds with hydrophilic properties. In this study, we developed a transparent polyurethane film that can be used for multiple purposes. A transparency comparison between the transparent polyurethane film and the general polyurethane film was used to verify their future application. The conventional polyurethane films showed a transmittance rate of 2.2 percent, but the transparent polyurethane films achieved a high transmittance rate of 85 percent. To determine whether the film can be realized, we produced a conductive paste using resin for the transparent polyurethane film. In addition, a conductive paste was made based on the material used in the transparent polyurethane film to verify the hardness and reliability of the adhesion of electrodes, and we confirmed this with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The transparent polyurethane based paste was made with stretchable electrodes through a screen printing method. The manufactured stretchable electrodes were demonstrated by mechanical and adhesion tests. Finally, a permittivity test was conducted to determine the suitability of the film for application to printed electrodes for antennas in the future. The genetic rate of transparent polyurethane films was better than that of conventional polyurethane films. Moreover, the adhesion of the transparent polyurethane film and stretchable electrodes was as good as that of conventional polyurethane film and stretchable electrodes, and observation by optical microscopy confirmed that the printing performance was also excellent. In addition, the conductive paste made based on the transparent polyurethane film material was cured for 1 hour at 120 °C, and TGA analysis confirmed that both the binders and curing agent responded well in the test for curing the developed stretchable electrodes and transparent polyurethane.
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Grosoli, Marco. "Motion/Performance Capture and The Afterlife of The Index. A Reconsideration of André Bazin’s “Myth of Total Cinema”". Recherches sémiotiques 31, nr 1-2-3 (20.11.2014): 153–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1027446ar.
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The history of film technology is not a progressive and linear march towards the future : it is rather a discontinuous, irregular process where the past returns more often than not. Motion capture and performance capture technologies are particularly indicative examples of this dynamic, as their digital nature is far from opposed to the indexical bias of photography that (according to a widespread doxa) the digital is supposed to gradually supplant. On the contrary, they integrate the index in their own functioning. Moreover, some of the films making use of these devices (for instance Robert Zemeckis’s A Christmas Carol) seem to allegorize this very paradox. André Bazin has often been believed to advocate for a teleological view of history (and of the history of film technology) just because of his idealism. In fact, a close re-reading his writings, particularly of his “Myth of Total Cinema”, shows that his idealism works as an “antidote” against teleological presuppositions.
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Bakker, Gerben. "Selling French Films on Foreign Markets: The International Strategy of a Medium-Sized Film Company". Enterprise & Society 5, nr 1 (marzec 2004): 45–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1467222700013185.
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Foreign markets largely shaped the business strategy of Les Films Albatros, a medium-sized, internationally networked specialty producer of films in interwar France. Depending more on foreign revenues than did the Hollywood studios, Albatros also realized higher gross returns. Because films were capital goods providing a perishable product (seats at a specific time), their price depended on both expected performance and the threshold ticket-selling capacity necessary to recoup cinema fixed costs; some films could not be sold at any price. Given the small potential market for its films, Albatros had to find an intricate balance between producing at low cost and delivering films with at least threshold ticket-selling capacity. It did so by differentiating its films, entering film distribution in France, coproducing internationally, and cooperating with Pathé and Gaumont, the two largest French film companies. While its larger European rivals were obsessed with operational effectiveness vis-à-vis Hollywood, Albatros, by adopting a distinct strategic position, hardly had to pay attention to operational effectiveness at all. It was making a differentiated product for needs unserved by Hollywood.
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Rahmadiawan, Dieter, Hairul Abral, Razan Muhammad Railis, Ilham Chayri Iby, Melbi Mahardika, Dian Handayani, Khiky Dwi Natrana, Dian Juliadmi i Fazhar Akbar. "The Enhanced Moisture Absorption and Tensile Strength of PVA/Uncaria gambir Extract by Boric Acid as a Highly Moisture-Resistant, Anti-UV, and Strong Film for Food Packaging Applications". Journal of Composites Science 6, nr 11 (4.11.2022): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs6110337.
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There is an increasing demand for food packaging materials that are safe for the environment and human health. Pure polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film is non-toxic and transparent but has poor UV-light shielding, thermal and moisture resistance, and antibacterial activity. Our previous work prepared and characterized a biofilm derived from PVA and edible Uncaria gambir extract (UG). The film has antibacterial properties and is anti-UV and flexible. However, UG is hydrophilic, making this film have low moisture absorption. To improve these properties, we trialed adding boric acid (BA) and UG into the PVA. This present study aims to characterize pure PVA film and blend films resulting from mixing PVA (10%), BA (0.5%), and UG (1%). It was found that the PVA/UG/BA film presented the best performance in terms of UV light absorption, tensile properties, thermal and moisture resistance, and antibacterial activity. This blend sample absorbs about 98% of the UV light at 400 nm wavelength without significantly sacrificing transparency. These findings indicate that UG and BA could be advantageous in the preparation of moisture and thermal-resistant UV shielding films with low toxicity and high antibacterial properties based on PVA. They were also found to be strong enough for food packaging applications.
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Xiao, Meng, Mengdie Zhang, Haoliang Liu, Boxue Du i Yawei Qin. "Dielectric Property and Breakdown Strength Performance of Long-Chain Branched Polypropylene for Metallized Film Capacitors". Materials 15, nr 9 (23.04.2022): 3071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15093071.
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At high temperatures, the insulation performance of polypropylene (PP) decreases, making it challenging to meet the application requirements of metallized film capacitors. In this paper, the dielectric performance of PP is improved by long-chain branching modification and adding different kinds of nucleating agents. The added nucleating agents are organic phosphate nucleating agent (NA-21), sorbitol nucleating agent (DMDBS), rare earth nucleating agent (WBG-Ⅱ) and acylamino nucleating agent (TMB-5). The results show that the long-chain branches promote heterogeneous nucleation and inhibit the motion of molecular chains, thereby enhancing the dielectric properties at high temperatures. Nucleating agents modulate the crystalline morphology of long-chain branched polypropylene (LCBPP), which leads to a decrease in the mean free path of carriers and an increase in trap energy level and trap density. Therefore, the conductivity is reduced and the breakdown strength is improved. Among the added nucleating agents, NA-21 showed a significant improvement in the electrical properties of LCBPP films. At 125 °C, compared with PP, the breakdown strength of the modified film is increased by 26.3%, and the energy density is increased by 66.1%. This method provides a reference for improving the dielectric properties of PP.
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Kim, Hyehee, Sen Gao, Myung Gwan Hahm, Chi Won Ahn, Hyun Young Jung i Yung Joon Jung. "Graphitic Nanocup Architectures for Advanced Nanotechnology Applications". Nanomaterials 10, nr 9 (17.09.2020): 1862. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10091862.
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The synthesis of controllable hollow graphitic architectures can engender revolutionary changes in nanotechnology. Here, we present the synthesis, processing, and possible applications of low aspect ratio hollow graphitic nanoscale architectures that can be precisely engineered into morphologies of (1) continuous carbon nanocups, (2) branched carbon nanocups, and (3) carbon nanotubes–carbon nanocups hybrid films. These complex graphitic nanocup-architectures could be fabricated by using a highly designed short anodized alumina oxide nanochannels, followed by a thermal chemical vapor deposition of carbon. The highly porous film of nanocups is mechanically flexible, highly conductive, and optically transparent, making the film attractive for various applications such as multifunctional and high-performance electrodes for energy storage devices, nanoscale containers for nanogram quantities of materials, and nanometrology.
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Hwangbo, Hyunwoo, i Jonghyuk Kim. "A Text Mining Approach for Sustainable Performance in the Film Industry". Sustainability 11, nr 11 (9.06.2019): 3207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11113207.
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Many previous studies have shown that the volume or valence of electronic word of mouth (eWOM) has a sustainable and significant impact on box office performance. Traditional studies used quantitative data, such as ratings, to measure eWOM. However, recent studies analyzed unstructured data, such as comments, through web-based text analysis. Based on recent research trends, we analyzed not only quantitative data, like ratings, but also text data, like reviews, and we performed a sentiment analysis using a text mining technique. Studies have also examined the effect of cultural differences on the decision-making processes of individuals and organizations. We applied Hofstede’s cultural theory to eWOM and analyzed the moderating effect of cultural differences on eWOM influence. We selected 338 films released between 2006 and 2015 from the BoxOfficeMojo database. We collected ratings and reviews, box office revenues, and other basic information from the Internet Movie Database (IMDb). We also analyzed the effects of cultural differences, such as power distance, individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and masculinity, on box office performance. We found that user comments have a greater impact on film sales than user ratings, and movie stars and co-production contribute to box office success. We also conclude that cultural and geographical differences moderate the sentiment elasticity of eWOM.
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Huang, Ying, Can Peng, Jingzhou Zhang i Xingdan Zhu. "Numerical Investigation of Round-to-Slot Holes on Film-Cooling Performance in a Turbine Vane". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2280, nr 1 (1.06.2022): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2280/1/012027.
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Abstract The numerical investigation of single row holes on suction surface and pressure surface of a scaled turbine guide vane is carried out. In particular, the effects of round-to-slot holes (RTSHs) on film cooling performance are illustrated. Four RTSHs with different exit-to-inlet area ratios are considered under different blowing ratios. The results show that RTSHs can suppress the normal penetration of cooling jet and broadening the lateral coverage of film layer. With the increase of slot aspect ratio, the anti-kidney vortices pair is generally strengthened, making the film cooling improvement more significantly. The film cooling improving effects of shaped holes on the pressure surface is better than that on the suction surface, particularly under high blowing ratios. A key factor affecting the bleed pressure of coolant flow is exit-inlet area ratio of RTSH. The equivalent-area RTSH achieves nearly the same discharge coefficient (Cd) as the cylindrical hole. Viewed from the comprehensive effects of the Cd and adiabatic film cooling effectiveness on shaped hole, the RTSH-3 with a slot aspect of 9 and an exit-inlet area ratio of 1.27 is suggested to be the most favorable film-hole geometry among the current shaped-holes, either on the pressure surface or on the suction surface.
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Wu, Qiang, Jim P. Zheng, Mary Hendrickson i Edward J. Plichta. "Dry Process for Fabricating Low Cost and High Performance Electrode for Energy Storage Devices". MRS Advances 4, nr 15 (2019): 857–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2019.29.
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AbstractWe report a roll-to-roll dry processing for making low cost and high performance electrodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Currently, the electrodes for LIBs are made with a slurry casting procedure (wet method). The dry electrode fabrication is a three-step process including: step 1 of uniformly mixing electrode materials powders comprising an active material, a carbonaceous conductor and the soft polymer binder; step 2 of forming a free-standing, continuous electrode film by pressing the mixed powders together through the gap between two rolls of a roll-mill; and step 3 of roll-to-roll laminating the electrode film onto a substrate such as a current collector. Compared with the conventional wet slurry electrode manufacturing method, the dry manufactural procedure and infrastructure are simpler, the production cost is lower, and the process eliminates volatile organic compound emission and is more environmentally friendly, and the ability of making thick (>120µm) electrodes with high tap density results in high energy density of final energy storage device. A prototype LIBs of LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC622)/graphite also has 230 Wh/ kg energy density.
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Ha, Taewook, i Dong Kyu Kim. "Study of Injection Method for Maximizing Oil-Cooling Performance of Electric Vehicle Motor with Hairpin Winding". Energies 14, nr 3 (1.02.2021): 747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14030747.
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The oil injection method was studied to maximize the cooling performance of an electric vehicle motor with a hairpin winding. The cooling performance of the motor using the oil cooling method is proportional to the contact area of the oil and the coil. A numerical analysis was conducted to examine the effect of the spray nozzle type on the oil flow. The dripping nozzle forms the thickest oil film on the coil, making it the most effective for cooling of hairpin-type motors. Subsequently, an experimental study was conducted to optimize the nozzle diameter and number of nozzles. When the inlet diameter and number was 6.35 mm and 6, the oil film formation rate was 53%, yielding the most uniform oil film. Next, an experiment was performed to investigate the effects of the oil temperature and flow rate on the oil flow. The oil film formation rate was the highest (83%) when the oil temperature was 40 °C and the flow rate was 6 LPM.
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Huang, Chun-Yang, Yen-Ting Ho, Chung-Jung Hung i Tseung-Yuen Tseng. "Compact Ga-Doped ZnO Nanorod Thin Film for Making High-Performance Transparent Resistive Switching Memory". IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 61, nr 10 (październik 2014): 3435–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ted.2014.2343631.
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Zhang, Zhi-Xu, Tie Zhang, Ping-Ping Shi, Wan-Ying Zhang, Qiong Ye i Da-Wei Fu. "Exploring high-performance integration in a plastic crystal/film with switching and semiconducting behavior". Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 7, nr 5 (2020): 1239–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9qi01498e.
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As a room-temperature plastic crystal, (N,N-dimethylpiperidinium)3Bi2Cl9 can integrate semiconducting behavior and switchable properties into one single flexible material, making it a potential candidate in flexible multifunctional devices.
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Lakeman, Charles D. E., i Patrick F. Fleig. "High‐resolution integration of passives using micro‐contact printing (μCP)". Microelectronics International 20, nr 1 (1.04.2003): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13565360310455544.
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As the number of passive components in electronic circuits increases, new methods for fabricating passives are under development to optimize utilization of board space. In this paper, we will describe the performance capabilities of TPL's micro‐contact printing (μCP) process to fabricate near‐net‐shape structures with feature sizes ranging from 100 microns to the sub‐micron scale. Like thick film processes, this novel process is compatible with a broad materials base, making a large range of materials properties available. Unlike thick film, however, this novel process employs powder‐free inks that can be patterned with high resolution. It is anticipated that this process will enable integration of passive components that show thin film performance at thick film cost. Emphasis in this paper will be placed on processing conditions, and materials properties to demonstrate the feasibility of this process for passive device fabrication.
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Yan, Ru, Xiang Gao, Wei He, Rui Guo, Ruonan Wu, Zhuangzhi Zhao i Houyi Ma. "A simple and convenient method to fabricate new types of phytic acid–metal conversion coatings with excellent anti-corrosion performance on the iron substrate". RSC Advances 7, nr 65 (2017): 41152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra06186b.
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A simple and practical method was developed to prepare phytic acid–metal complex coatings with excellent anti-corrosion performance on the iron substrate by making full use of the bridging effect of metal ions in the film-forming solution.
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Xavier de Lima, Marília, Maria Bernadette Cunha de Lyra i Maria Ignês Carlos Magno. "A performance queer na dupla encenação do filme The Watermelon Woman // The queer performance in the double staging of the film The Watermelon Woman". Contemporânea Revista de Comunicação e Cultura 16, nr 1 (11.07.2018): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/contemporanea.v16i1.25959.
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The Watermelon Woman (1996), Cheryl Dunye, é um modelo híbrido de ficção/documentário. A dupla encenação vai da busca de uma atriz negra do cinema mudo ao cotidiano da própria diretora/personagem. Uma associação entre forma e conteúdo permite igualar-se à representação da personagem o deslocamento dos gêneros cinematográficos, tornando o filme uma performance queer, em que a história sobre a vida da mulher-melancia e a realidade de Cheryl se mesclam, dando visibilidade à mulher negra e lésbica./The Watermelon Woman (1996), Cheryl Dunye, is a hybrid movie that is between fiction and documentary model. The double performance goes from the search of a black actress of the silent cinema period to the daily life of the director / character. An association between form and content allows the representation of the character to be equated with the displacement of the cinematographic genres, making the film a queer performance, in which the story about the life of the watermelon woman and the reality of Cheryl merge, giving visibility to the woman black and lesbian.
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Liu, Wen-Jen, Yung-Huang Chang, Yuan-Tsung Chen, Po-Chun Chiu, Yu-Zhi Wang, Shih-Hung Lin i Po-Wei Chi. "Annealing Effect on the Structural, Magnetic, Electrical, Optic Property, Nanomechanical, and Adhesive Characteristics of Co60Fe20Yb20 Thin Films on Glass Substrate". Coatings 12, nr 11 (15.11.2022): 1753. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12111753.
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In this study, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed the amorphous nature of the Co60Fe20Yb20 films deposited at room temperature (RT), 100 °C, and 200 °C. The body-centered cubic (BCC) CoFe (110) characteristic peak was visible at 44.7° after annealing films of 40 nm and 50 nm at 300 °C. The highest alternating current magnetic susceptibility (χac) value was 0.21 at 50 Hz in a 50 nm, and the lowest resistivity value was 1.02 (×10−2 Ω.cm) in a 50 nm. In terms of nano-indication measurement, the highest value of hardness was 9.29 GPa at 300 °C in a 50 nm. When the thickness increased from 10 nm to 50 nm, the hardness and Young’s modulus of the Co60Fe20Yb20 film also showed a saturation trend. The Co60Fe20Yb20 film had the maximum surface energy at 50 nm after 300 °C annealing. The transmittance of Co60Fe20Yb20 films decreased when the thickness was increased because the thickness effect suppresses the photon signal. Due to high χac, low electrical performance, strong nano-mechanical properties, and high adhesion, it was discovered in this work that 50 nm with annealing at 300 °C was the ideal condition for the magnetic and adhesive capabilities of Co60Fe20Yb20 film. More importantly, replacing the CoFeB seed or buffer layer with a thin CoFeYb film improved the thermal stability, making CoFeYb films attractive for practical magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) applications. Furthermore, the specific properties of Co60Fe20Yb20 films were compared to those of Co60Fe20Y20 films, demonstrating that the specific properties of these two materials may be compared.
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Li, Guang You, Jing Hua Yin, Lei Yao i Xing Zhao. "Particle Size Effect on the Corona Resistant Properties of PI/TiO2 Composite Films". Advanced Materials Research 981 (lipiec 2014): 914–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.981.914.
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Polyimide-based (PI) nanocomposites possess excellent electrical and thermal performance, widely used in inverter motor. In the paper using different particle sizes made polyimide/titania (PI/TiO2) nanocomposite films in situ polymerization, including 20nm A series and 50nm B series. The results shows that A series have a larger specific surface, combination of the film and matrix is closer without affecting the imidization of PI, and there is a clear interface layer and the structure is more stable. According to the time of corona-resistant A Series films is significantly longer than B Series films, especially the A series films with 15% of which corona-resistant time is 15h, five times than the pure PI. By both SAXS and XRD particle size in the matrix can be calculated, proving small particles can be better combination of the matrix of PI, increasing the number of traps, more effectively cutting off charge corrosion and making corona resistance greater performance.
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Li, Xiaotong, Xiaoping Zou, Chunqian Zhang, Jin Cheng, Guangdong Li, Yifei Wang, Xiaolan Wang, Keke Song, Baokai Ren i Junming Li. "Investigation on Film Quality and Photophysical Properties of Narrow Bandgap Molecular Semiconductor Thin Film and Its Solar Cell Application". Coatings 11, nr 11 (27.10.2021): 1300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11111300.
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Hexane-1,6-diammonium pentaiodobismuth (HDA-BiI5) is one of the narrowest bandgap molecular semiconductor reported in recent years. Through the study of its energy band structure, it can be identified as an N-type semiconductor and is able to absorb most of the visible light, making it suitable to fabricate solar cells. In this paper, SnO2 was used as an electron transport layer in HDA-BiI5-based solar cells, for its higher carrier mobility compared with TiO2, which is the electron transport layer used in previous researches. In addition, the dilution ratio of SnO2 solution has an effect on both the morphology and photophysical properties of HDA-BiI5 films. At the dilution ratio of SnO2:H2O = 3:8, the HDA-BiI5 film has a better morphology and is less defect inside, and the corresponding device exhibited the best photovoltaic performance.
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Summerhayes, Catherine. "Translative Performance in Documentary Film: Bob Connolly and Robin Anderson's Facing the Music". Media International Australia 104, nr 1 (sierpień 2002): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0210400105.
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Facing the Music (2001) is a film that performs at many levels. While its primary narrative is about the effects of government funding cuts to universities, and specifically the effect on the University of Sydney's Music Department, the film also weaves other more generic stories about people and how they interact with each other. Connolly's and Anderson's complex and confronting style of observational film-making is examined in the context of this film for the ways in which it ‘assumes' that film can ‘translate’ the details of people's everyday lives into a broad discussion of particular social issues and conflicts. As with all translations, however, some meanings inadvertently are lost and others added. Drawing on Walter Benjamin's idea of ‘translatability’ and Brecht's concept of gest, this paper describes how particular cultural meanings which are embedded within the documentary film, Facing the Music, can be accessed through the ways in which the audiovisual text ‘melodramatically’ presents people and profilmic events. Thomas Elsaesser's definition of classic fictional melodrama, as a ‘closed’ world of ‘inner’ violence where ‘characters are acted upon’, becomes a guide to understanding the film's secondary narratives about the operation of particular stereotypical, binary representations: men and women; artists and ‘the rest of the world’; academics (‘gown’) and other people (‘town’). Using Laura Mulvey's further distinction of ‘matriarchal’ and ‘patriarchal’ melodramas. Facing the Music is described as a ‘matriarchal’ documentary melodrama. The film's selective translation of how people live their lives in a particular social situation is thereby discussed as a further translation into the broader discourses of gender and power relations in a society.
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Cartwright, Lisa. "The Hands of the Animator: Rotoscopic Projection, Condensation, and Repetition Automatism in the Fleischer Apparatus". Body & Society 18, nr 1 (marzec 2012): 47–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1357034x11432562.
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This article is concerned with the affective relationship among bodies and film technologies in the process of building and using filmmaking instruments, taking as its object the early Rotoscope, a device patented by the legendary American animator Max Fleischer that entailed the projection of live-action film for use as a template in the drawing of animated figures, to which the live-action trace was thought to impart life-like, normative patterns of movement. Drawing from media archaeology, psychoanalytic theories of repetition, projection, and condensation, and object relations theory, this article offers an interpretation of some of the kinds of psychic interactions offered in animated film through traces of the Rotoscope’s production history found in the device’s patent drawings, its patent embodiments, and its published family legend. It is proposed that the device was the locus of a collective fraternal performance, serving as a shared ground for an array of condensations and displacements and enactments of repetition compulsion among the multiple bodies engaged in the production of the device, as well as among the multiple animated and live-action film bodies that crossed its production screens and patent pages. One objective of this article is to shift the interpretive and analytic focus in film studies from the filmstrip and the projected screen image to the relationship between bodies and technologies in the experience of making films, and making the filmic apparatus. A secondary objective of this article is to suggest that the approach to bodily movement embedded in the design of the Rotoscope was hardly normative. The device offered a means to stretch and distort both norms and stereotypes of human expression through movement. The rotoscoped body sometimes performed in ways that pushed the limits of viewer expectations about how a given body will, or should, move, in space or across the screen.
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Song, Min, Lulu Yu i Yimin Wu. "Simple Synthesis and Enhanced Performance of Graphene Oxide-Gold Composites". Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/135138.
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Graphene oxide-gold composites were prepared by one-step reaction in aqueous solution, where the gold nanoparticles were deposited on the graphene oxide during their synthesis process. Transmission electron morphology, X-ray diffraction, Roman spectra, and UV-Vis absorption spectra were used to characterize the obtained composites. Furthermore, based on the BET analysis results, it was found that the surface area of the composite film was obviously enhanced compared with the synthesized graphene oxide. Electrochemical measurements indicated that the modification of the composites on electrode could efficiently enhance the voltammetric response, suggesting the potential application for making electrochemical sensors.
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Gorman, Grace L., Tadashi Yogi, Steven P. Lambert i David P. Alvarez. "X-Ray Diffraction Studies on Laminated Magnetic Recording Media". Advances in X-ray Analysis 35, A (1991): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800008831.
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AbstractWe have studied a series of laminated thin films by x-ray diffraction to correlate their structural and magnetic properties. Previous works have shown that the signal-to-noise characteristics of laminated magnetic films with non-magnetic interlayers can exceed that of single layer magnetic films. In the case where the magnetic layer is known to have low signal-to-noise performance, the signal has been observed to increase as the number of layers whereas the noise increases as the square root of the number of layers. This yields a net improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio, making the overall film more attractive as a magnetic recording medium. In this paper, we investigate films which are laminated layers of magnetic CoPtCr and non-magnetic Cr. The films were deposited with sputtering parameters that generally give low noise characteristics in single layer films. Up to four layers of CoPtCr films were made with Cr spacer layers of 2 nm. We observe some improvement in signal-to-noise characteristics and reduction in coercivity. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the crystallographic c-axis, which corresponds to the magnetic easy axis, becomes more preferentially oriented perpendicular to the film plane with each additional layer. This change in preferred orientation is consistent with the reduced in-plane coercivity of the film. In the double CoPtCr layer with one Cr spacer layer experiment, we see that as the Cr spacer layer is increased from 0.5 to 8 nm, the c-axis of the CoPtCr again becomes more preferentially oriented out of the film plane, resulting in decreased in-plane coercivity. The media signal-to-noise improves once the Cr spacer layer is beyond 2 nm, consistent with previous observations.
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Sun, Jian Rong, Zhi Guang Wang, Yu Yu Wang, Cun Feng Yao, Kong Fang Wei, Tie Long Shen i Fa Shen Li. "Preparation and Modification MnZn Ferrite Thin Films under Swift Heavy Ion (SHI) Irradiation". Advanced Materials Research 213 (luty 2011): 325–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.213.325.
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MnZn ferrite thin films are deposited by alternative sputtering technique from two targets with the composition of MnFe2O4 and ZnFe2O4, and the behavior of the magnetic properties of the MnZn ferrite thin films irradiated by Kr26+ ions at energy of 2.03 GeV is investigated by magnetization measurements. The fabricating and modifying conditions on the performance of the films are studied to improve Ms and reduce Hc of the films, making the films suitable to the applications of high-frequency film devices. For Mn1-xZnxFe2O4 thin films, the Ms increases firstly then decreases and Hc decreases monotonously with increasing Zn content. And both Ms and Hc are sensitive to Kr26+ ion irradiation and exhibit different behaviors depending on the ion fluence range. The modifications of the magnetic properties could be interpreted very well by the effects related to the stress and defects induced by SHI irradiation.
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Cai, Xiaoxia, Yuansong Zhang, Cong Li, Guotao Zhang, Xiaotao Wang, Xian Zhang, Qiang Wang i Fuzhong Wang. "Composite Polymer Anion Exchange Membranes with Sandwich Structure and Improved Performance for Zn–Air Battery". Membranes 11, nr 3 (22.03.2021): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11030224.
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In this study, we fabricated a composite polymer anion exchange membrane (AEM) with a sandwich structure. This prepared AEM demonstrated high ionic conductivity (0.25 Scm−1), excellent alkali resistance (8 M KOH), and good mechanical properties (tensile strength of 0.455 MPa and elongation at break of 82.13%). Here, degrease cotton (DC) treated with LiOH/urea aqueous solution was used and immersed into a coagulation bath to form a film. This film was immersed in acrylic acid (AA) monomers, and in-suit polymerization was carried out in the presence of KOH and an initiator. Finally, a composite polymer membrane with sandwich structure was achieved, in which the upper and bottom layers were mainly composed of polymerized AA (PAA) while the central layer was mainly composed of DC derived film. The central layer acted as a skeleton to improve the mechanical properties and alkali resistance. The top and bottom layers (PAA-rich layers) acted as OH- ion transport carriers, making basic cations migrate along the main chain of PAA. This newly developed composite membrane showed increased tensile strength and an elongation at break of 2.7 and 1.5 times, respectively, when compared to a control PAA/KOH AEM film. Furthermore, an electrochemical stability window of 2.0 V was measured via the cyclic voltammetry curve test, showing a wide electrochemical window and promising application in Zn–Air batteries.
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Morita, Koki, Naoki Okamoto, Takatomo Fujiyama, Takeyasu Saito i Kazuo Kondo. "Sn Negative Electrode Consists of Amorphous Structures for Sodium ion Secondary Batteries". MRS Advances 1, nr 6 (2016): 409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.117.
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ABSTRACTTin(Sn) and its alloys have been attracting attentions as a negative electrode material for sodium-ion secondary batteries with high theoretical capacity (Na15Sn4, ca. 847 mAh/g) and high electromotiveforce. There still remains the issue as regards the discharge capacity decrease with increasing the number of cycles. In order to improve cycle performance, there are many studies such as using Sn-Ni alloy, however, using Sn based alloy as negative electrode materials and it suffer from the disadvantage of lowering of discharge capacity. In this study, a deposition process for making Sn film which consists of amorphous structure for negative electrode of sodium ion secondary batteries utilizing electordeposition from aqueous bath was developed. The effect of additives on the surface morphology and microstructure of Sn film was investigated. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of amorphous structure in the Sn film on cycle performance of the Sn negative electrode. Sn film has a good cycle characteristic (>50 cycles) and discharge capacity (> 400 mAh/g). Amorphous structure in the Sn film showed a microscopic effect on the volume change by sodiation and desodiation.
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Lv, Shuai Shuai, Hong Jun Ni, Lei Chen, Yi Pei i Xiang Chen. "Research of Nano LiFePO4 Power Batteries’ High and Low Temperature Characteristics for Hybrid Vehicles". Advanced Materials Research 953-954 (czerwiec 2014): 1078–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.953-954.1078.
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In the making process of LiFePO4 positive electrode film, part of electrical carbon was replaced by some carbon nanotubes (CNTs), its electrochemical performance was improved greatly. nanoLiFePO4 batteries’ temperature performance were tested at different ambient temperature, at-40 °C the discharge capacity is about the 25°C’s 47.1%, While the ordinary LiFePO4 battery is only 37.5%; Superior electrochemical performance of the battery cell is mainly due to the improvement of the electrical properties, in order to ensure the service life of the battery itself, the working temperature should be controlled between 20°Cand 50°C.