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Liu, Yanzhu, Liang Wang, Ke Cao i Lei Sun. "Review on the Durability of Polypropylene Fibre-Reinforced Concrete". Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (4.06.2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6652077.
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Polypropylene fibre (PPF) is a kind of polymer material with light weight, high strength, and corrosion resistance. The crack resistance of concrete can be improved by adding PPFs. PPF can optimize the pore size distribution of concrete. As a result, the durability of concrete is significantly enhanced since PPF can block the penetration of water or harmful ions in concrete. This paper summarizes the influence of polypropylene fibre on the durability of concrete, including drying shrinkage, creep, water absorption, permeability resistance, chloride ion penetration resistance, sulfate corrosion resistance, freeze-thaw cycle resistance, carbonation resistance, and fire resistance. The authors analysed the effects of fibre content, fibre diameter, and fibre hybrid ratio on these durability indexes. The durability property of concrete can be further improved by combining PPFs and steel fibres. The drawbacks of PPF in application in concrete are the imperfect dispersion in concrete and weak bonding with cement matrix. The methods to overcome these drawbacks are to use fibre modified with nanoactive powder or chemical treatment. At last, the authors give the future research prospects of concrete made with PPFs.
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Wang, Peng. "Research on the Design and Use of Structures and Components Made from Fibre Composite Materials". Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (maj 2012): 782–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.782.
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Fibres composite materials designed as glass fibre, carbon fibre and aramid fibre. They were used for chemical resistance, compressive strength, stiffness, impact resistance, and fire resistance. However, they had a number of limitations, including vandalism, accidental damage, short-term durability, high cost, and suitably qualified staff shortage. These problems could be solved by appropriate monitoring, suitably qualified designers and contractors. The design and use of fibre composite materials has become an important aspect of engineering.
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More, Florence More Dattu Shanker, i Senthil Selvan Subramanian. "Impact of Fibres on the Mechanical and Durable Behaviour of Fibre-Reinforced Concrete". Buildings 12, nr 9 (13.09.2022): 1436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091436.
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Numerous studies have been conducted recently on fibre reinforced concrete (FRC), a material that is frequently utilized in the building sector. The utilization of FRC has grown in relevance recently due to its enhanced mechanical qualities over normal concrete. Due to increased environmental degradation in recent years, natural fibres were developed and research is underway with the goal of implementing them in the construction industry. In this work, several natural and artificial fibres, including glass, carbon, steel, jute, coir, and sisal fibres are used to experimentally investigate the mechanical and durability properties of fibre-reinforced concrete. The fibres were added to the M40 concrete mix with a volumetric ratio of 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5%. The compressive strength of the conventional concrete and fibre reinforced concrete with the addition of 1.5% steel, 1.5% carbon, 1.0% glass, 2.0% coir, 1.5% jute and 1.5% sisal fibres were 4.2 N/mm2, 45.7 N/mm2, 41.5 N/mm2, 45.7 N/mm2, 46.6 N/mm2, 45.7 N/mm2 and 45.9 N/mm2, respectively. Comparing steel fibre reinforced concrete to regular concrete results in a 13.69% improvement in compressive strength. Similarly, the compressive strengths were increased by 3.24%, 13.69%, 15.92%, 13.68% and 14.18% for carbon, glass, coir, jute, and sisal fibre reinforced concrete respectively when equated with plain concrete. With the optimum fraction of fibre reinforced concrete, mechanical and durability qualities were experimentally investigated. A variety of durability conditions, including the Rapid Chloride Permeability Test, water absorption, porosity, sorptivity, acid attack, alkali attack, and sulphate attack, were used to study the behaviour of fiber reinforced concrete. When compared to conventional concrete, natural fibre reinforced concrete was found to have higher water absorption and sorptivity. The rate of acid and chloride attacks on concrete reinforced with natural fibres was significantly high. The artificial fibre reinforced concrete was found to be more efficient than the natural fibre reinforced concrete. The load bearing capacity, anchorage and the ductility of the concrete improved with the addition of fibres. According to the experimental findings, artificial fibre reinforced concrete can be employed to increase the structure’s strength and longevity as well as to postpone the propagation of cracks. A microstructural analysis of concrete was conducted to ascertain its morphological characteristics.
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Akbari Motlagh, Ali, i Ebrahim Mirzaei. "Effect of using Fibre on the Durability of Asphalt Pavement". Civil Engineering Journal 2, nr 2 (1.02.2016): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2016-00000013.
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Using the fibre additives with a uniform distribution in asphaltic concrete mixture is a well-known technique for improving the mechanical properties and durability of asphalt pavement. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of preparing fibre and production of the properties of bitumen and asphalt concrete mixture. In this study, a dense-graded aggregation, mineral fibres (asbestos) and synthetic fibres (polyester and nylon) were used. Laboratory studies were done by comparing different rheological properties, mechanical and moisture susceptibility of mixtures of fibres. Results of the penetration and softening point on mixtures of bitumen – fibre show that fibres improve the mixed rheological properties and stiffening effect of fibre properties. The results of Marshall Tests indicate that adding fibres reduces the strength in Marshall and results in the slight increase in the percentage of optimum bitumen content and asphalt percentage of air voids in comparison with typical fibre. The results of the indirect tensile tests showed that the addition of fibres, depending on the percentage of fibres significantly improves the durability of the mixture.
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Sergi, Claudia, Jacopo Tirillò, Maria Carolina Seghini, Fabrizio Sarasini, Vincenzo Fiore i Tommaso Scalici. "Durability of Basalt/Hemp Hybrid Thermoplastic Composites". Polymers 11, nr 4 (2.04.2019): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11040603.
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The Achilles heel of thermoplastic natural fibre composites is their limited durability. The environmental degradation of the mechanical properties of hemp and hemp/basalt hybrid-reinforced high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites has been investigated with a special focus on the effects of water ageing and accelerated ageing, including hygrothermal and UV radiation. Modification of the matrix was carried out using a maleic anhydride high-density polyethylene copolymer (MAPE) as a compatibilizer. Hybridization of hemp fibres with basalt fibres and the incorporation of MAPE were found to significantly decrease the water uptake (up to 75%) and increase the retention of mechanical properties after accelerated ageing. Secondary crystallization phenomena occurring in the composites, as confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, were able to counteract the severe combined effects of hygrothermal stress and UV radiation, with the exception of hemp-fibre composites where permanent damage to the fibres occurred, with 2% and 20% reduction in tensile strength and modulus, respectively, for a 30 wt % hemp fibre-reinforced HDPE.
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Rajak, Manoj, i Baboo Rai. "Effect of Micro Polypropylene Fibre on the Performance of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete". Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences 9, nr 1 (1.05.2019): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jaes-2019-0013.
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Abstract Geopolymer offers significant promise to the construction world as a possible alternative to ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Like conventional Portland cement concrete, the matrix brittleness in geopolymer composites can be reduced by introducing suitable fibre reinforcement. A few investigations on fibre reinforced geopolymer composites are available. However there is still a gap to comprehend and enhance their performance. This paper describes the effect of incorporating micro polypropylene fibres on the strength and durability characteristics of geopolymer concrete. The engineering and durability properties like workability, compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, and sorptivity of geopolymer concrete reinforced with micro polypropylene fibres is presented. The effect of the sulfuric acid attack on Geopolymer Concrete reinforced with micro polypropylene fibres is also discussed. The results show that hydrophobic characteristics of the micro polypropylene fibre led to weak contact with the geopolymer binder and hence weakened the mechanical performance of the fly ash based geopolymer matrix. However significant improvements in durability properties were noted.
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Bhat, Arooba Rafiq, i Ajay Vikram. "A Literature Study of Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Concrete". International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering & Management 10, nr 1 (1.02.2023): 6–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.55524/ijirem.2023.10.1.2.
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The drawbacks are that the concrete has been improved by using hybrid fibre in concrete. By hybridization benefits from two different fibres are utilized in a single concrete mixture. The hybrids fibres studied are basalt-polypropylene fibre, polypropylene-steel fibre, steel-coconut fibre, polypropylene-e-waste fibre, polypropylene-polyvinyl Alcohol and steel-glass- polypropylene fibre. The properties that are improved using hybrid fibres are compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, limited crack propagation, and improved durability of the concrete structure. In maximum cases slump value decrease with an increase in fibre percentage.
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Md Azree Othuman Mydin. "Thermal and Durability Properties of Sustainable Green Lightweight Foamed Concrete Incorporating Eco-Friendly Sugarcane Fibre". Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 94, nr 1 (19.04.2022): 60–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.94.1.6078.
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Efforts to modify cement-based mixtures have always enticed the interest of researchers. Lightweight foamed concrete is immensely porous, and its properties diminish with increasing in the number of pores. To enhance its properties, the solid matrix of LFC can be attuned by integrating numerous natural fibres. The influence of eco-friendly sugarcane fibre in LFC was not investigated before in the current body of knowledge. Hence, there is some ambiguity considering the mechanism by which and the extent to which the sugarcane fibre can influence LFC properties. Therefore, this study concentrates on distinguishing the potential use of sugarcane fibre into lightweight foamed concrete. This study aims to determine the durability and thermal properties of LFC with the addition of sugarcane fibre. Low density of 800kg/m3 were cast and tested. Different weight fractions of sugarcane fibre of 0.15%, 0.30%, 0.45% and 0.60% were used. For durability properties, four parameters were appraised such as water absorption capacity, porosity, drying shrinkage, ultrasonic pulse velocity. While for thermal properties were assessed which were thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat capacity. Protein-based foaming agent Noraite PA-1 was utilized to produce the desirable density of LFC. To get the comparable results, the water to cement ratio was fixed to 0.45 while the cement to sand ratio constant at 1:1.5. The results had indicated that the addition of 0.45% of sugarcane fibre gave the optimum results for all the durability and thermal properties considered in this research. At 0.45% weight fraction of SF, the fibres and the cementitious matrix achieved maximum compaction, which stemmed in excellent mix homogeneity. Beyond the optimum level of sugarcane fibre inclusion, agglomeration and the non-uniform dispersion of fibres was observed, which led to decrease in entire durability and thermal properties appraised.
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Abdullah, Muhd Afiq Hizami, Mohd Zulham Affandi Mohd Zahid, Badorul Hisham Abu Bakar, Fadzli Mohamed Nazri i Afizah Ayob. "UHPFRC as Repair Material for Fire-Damaged Reinforced Concrete Structure – A Review". Applied Mechanics and Materials 802 (październik 2015): 283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.802.283.
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Exposure of concrete to intense heat will cause deterioration of its strength and durability. Previously, the fire-damaged concrete was repaired using the shotcrete and normal concrete. Recent studies utilize fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) in repairing fire-damaged concrete. Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) mostly developed using fine size aggregate, cement, silica fume, super plasticizer and reinforced with steel fibre has an excellent mechanical properties compared to high strength concrete and with an addition of steel fibre in the UHPFRC enhances its ductility behaviour which is not possessed by normal concrete, hence, UHPFRC indicates a promising candidate as repair material to fire-damaged concrete. The aim of this paper is to review on the properties of UHPFRC to be utilized as repair material to fire-damaged concrete structure based on previous research on UHPFRC and fire-damaged structure.
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Augustino, Daudi Salezi, Richard Ocharo Onchiri, Charles Kabubo i Christopher Kanali. "Mechanical and Durability Performance of High-Strength Concrete with Waste Tyre Steel Fibres". Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (20.06.2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4691972.
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Concrete with various fibres has been in practice over the years now to improve the internal characteristics of concrete. In most of the developing countries, there is a high rate of waste tyres due to the importation of used cars. Waste tyres increase the environmental burden due to their resistance to decomposition in landfills. To have alternative disposal of waste tyres, their components of steel fibres were utilized in concrete to assess their effect on the mechanical and durability performance of high-strength concrete with a target mean strength of 70 MPa. Fibres had a diameter of 1.3 mm and lengths of 30, 50, and 60 mm with fibre contents of 0.3, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0% in each length. Slump tests were performed on fresh concrete with and without fibres. The mechanical performance variables assessed were compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, flexural toughness, residual strength, static modulus, and Poisson’s ratio. In addition, durability tests such as chloride ion penetration and absorption rate of water were investigated. The results showed that an increase in fibre length to 60 mm and a 1.0% fibre content resulted in the high bond strength in the concrete matrix resulting in a smaller crack width. Moreover, these fibre length and content resulted in improved tensile and flexural strength to 21.5% and 71.1% of control mix, respectively. The increase in fibre length and content affected both the durability properties and the flowability of the concrete, and as for length (60 mm) and 1% content, concrete had a slump of 77.8% lesser compared to the control mix. The compressive strength was improved to 15.2% for concrete with a fibre length of 50 mm and a fibre content of 0.5%. However, further increases in fibre content and length caused an increase in the number of weaker interfacial transition zones at the composite interface that reduces compressive stiffness, resulting in low compressive strength. Furthermore, the reduced fibre content and length (30 mm) improve the static modulus linearly up to 0.75% fibre content; however, concrete with a fibre length of 50 mm and content of 0.3% gives the best results.
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Shapie, S. S., i M. N. M. Taher. "A review of steel fiber’s potential use in Hot Mix Asphalt". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1022, nr 1 (1.05.2022): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1022/1/012024.
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Abstract The purpose of this paper is to overview the potential use of steel fibre in hot mix asphalt, explore the evolution of steel fibre reinforced asphalt concrete (SFRAC), highlights current trends in research and industry and recommend future areas of research. The study focus on the steel fibre industry and steel fibre generated from waste tyres applied in asphalt pavement. This review focuses on the use and performance of these fibres in altering the performance of asphalt pavements in terms of fibre concentration and fibre length, as well as the influence of steel fibre integration in asphalt pavements. According to the literature, the presence of steel fibre in asphalt pavements contributes significantly to the improvement of the properties studied, most noticeably durability. However, there are still few studies that provide conclusions about the relationship between fibre length and steel mixture concentration fibre in influencing the ability, strength, and durability properties of this asphalt concrete pavement. This review elevates awareness of the need of exploring the relationship between fibre length and morphological features in determining the bridging mechanism in asphalt concrete pavement composition.
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Hettiarachchi, Chirath, i Gobithas Thamarajah. "Effect of Surface Modification and Fibre Content on the Mechanical Properties of Coconut Fibre Reinforced Concrete". Advanced Materials Research 1159 (wrzesień 2020): 78–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1159.78.
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In the past few decades, concrete has been the most widely used material for structural applications in the world and uses steel reinforcement as aide to meet the flexural, tensile and ductility demands required of concrete structures. Manufacturing of concrete and steel reinforced concrete structures is associated with millions of tons of carbon dioxide emissions and mineral waste. This activity is also responsible for the depletion of a large number of non-renewable resources. Reinforcing steel is also a high cost material, consumes a lot of energy in its production. Consequently, the use of natural fibres as an alternative for steel reinforcement is widely investigated, to promote the use of sustainable concrete structures. This study aims to investigate the effect on durability, flexural, compressive, tensile properties and workability of concrete by incorporating coir fibre at varying fibre content to find the fibre content which gives optimum results. The fibre contents used were 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% by weight of cement. Furthermore, the effect of modifying the surface of the coir fibres by alkali treatment (i.e. 5 wt.% NaOH solution) and coating the fibres with epoxy paint and polyurethane varnish on coir fibre reinforced concrete (CFRC) were also investigated. Tests conducted on the CFRC specimens included slump test and flexural, compressive and tensile strength tests. Water absorption and sorptivity tests were also conducted to investigate the durability. Slump (workability) and unit weight reduced with an increase in fibre content. The surface modification methods used, had resulted in an increased workability and a reduced unit-weight. A coconut fibre content of 1% produced the best combination of flexural, tensile and compressive properties. Water absorption and sorption rate per unit time, increased with an increase of coir fibre content. It is also found that epoxy paint and alkali treatment of the fibres has a positive effect on the mechanical strength properties and also the durability and workability of the CFRC specimens. However, polyurethane varnish coating had a detrimental effect on the mechanical strength properties of the CFRC specimens.
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Ahmad, Muhammad Hafiz, i Hanizam Awang. "Effect of Steel and Alkaline-Resistance Glass Fibre on Mechanical and Durability Properties of Lightweight Foamed Concrete". Advanced Materials Research 626 (grudzień 2012): 404–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.626.404.
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This paper investigates the effect of steel fibre and alkaline-resistance glass fibre lightweight foamed concrete with fly ash inclusion towards mechanical and durability properties. The lightweight foamed concrete (LFC) with a density of 1000 kg/m3with constant water sand ratio of 1: 1:5 and water cement ratio of 0.45 was cast and tested. Steel and alkaline-resistance glass fibres were used as additives and 30% of cement was replaced by fly ash. Detail experiments were setup to study the behaviour and reaction of additives which is expected to give different results on mechanical and durability properties of LFC. Compared to AR-glass fibre, steel fibre has greater contribution in terms of mechanical properties. SFLFC resulted as the most effective approach for compressive, flexural, tensile split and water absorption with strength 6.13 N/mm2, 1.96 N/mm2, 1.52 N/mm2and lowest water absorption at 6.5% respectively. On the other hand, AR-glass fibre is better in controlling drying shrinkage which leads to controlling the cracking at early age. Fly ash does not change the mechanical properties and durability due to unprocessed stage to its finer forms.
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Hippeli, Susanne, Kerstin Dornisch, Thorsten Wiethege, Adrian Gillissen, Klaus-Michael Müller i Erich F. Elstner. "Biological Durability and Oxidative Potential of Man-Made Vitreous Fibres as Compared to Crocidolite Asbestos Fibres". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 56, nr 7-8 (1.08.2001): 633–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2001-7-825.
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In this study we investigated relationships between redox properties and biodurability of crocidolite asbestos fibres and three different man-made vitreous fibres (MMVF): traditional stone wool fibres (MMVF 21), glass fibres (MMVF 11) and refractory ceramic fibres (RCF). Each fibre type was incubated up to 22 weeks in four different incubation media: gamble solution (GS) pH 5.0 and pH 7.4, representing blood plasma without proteins, and surfactant like solution (SLS) pH 5.0 and pH 7.4. During incubation time aliquots of incubation mixtures were removed and analysed in a biochemical model reaction, mimicking activated phagocytes. In addition, changes of fibre morphology and chemical composition were examined using SEM-and EDX-technology.In the presence of crocidolite asbestos fibres and MMVF 21 the formation of OH-radicals according to the Haber-Weiss sequence could be demonstrated, whereas MMVF 11 and RCF showed no reactivity. Crocidolite asbestos fibres exhibited a significant higher activity compared with the stone wool fibres at the onset of incubation. The oxidative capacities of these fibre types were shown to depend on both specific surface area and iron content. The oxidative potentials of crocidolite asbestos fibres as well as MMVF 21 were not constant during incubation over several weeks in each incubation medium. The reactivities showed sinoidal curves including reactivities much higher than those at the onset of incubation time. These irregular changes of oxidative capacity may be explained by changes of the redox state of fibre surface-complexed iron.Furthermore our results showed clear differences between incubation of fibres in GS and SLS, respectively, indicating that phospholipids play an important part in fibre dissolution behaviour and oxidative reactivity.In conclusion we suggest, that biodurability testing procedures should not exclusively concentrate on dissolution rates of fibres. They should include fibre characteristics concerning known pathogenic mechanisms to evaluate the real toxic potential of the fibre type looking at. Secondly we suggest, that phospholipids should be constituents of incubation liquids used for standardised fibre biodurability test procedures thus representing more realistic incubation conditions
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Awoyera, Paul O., Oluwaseun L. Odutuga, John Uduak Effiong, Astelio De Jesus Silvera Sarmiento, Seyed Javad Mortazavi i Jong Wan Hu. "Development of Fibre-Reinforced Cementitious Mortar with Mineral Wool and Coconut Fibre". Materials 15, nr 13 (27.06.2022): 4520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15134520.
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Globally, as human population and industries grow, so does the creation of agricultural, industrial, and demolition waste. When these wastes are not properly recycled, reused, or disposed of, they pose a threat to the environment. The importance of this study lies in the beneficial use of coconut fibre and mineral wool in the form of fibres in cement mortar production. This study examines the use of coconut and mineral wool fibres in the production of fibre-reinforced mortar. Five different mortar mixtures were prepared, having one control mortar along with four fibre-reinforced mortars. The control mortar is denoted as CM while 1% and 1.5% of mineral wool are incorporated into this mortar mix and denoted as RMM-1.0 and RMM-1.5, respectively. Additionally, the mortar sample configurations contain 1% and 1.5% coconut fibers, designated as RCM-1.0 and RCM-1.5. These samples were subjected to different strength and durability tests to determine their suitability for use in mortar production. The testing findings show that mortar containing 1.5% mineral wool has better compared flexural strength and durability properties. The investigation results will form part of the database for the efficient utilization of natural and waste fibres in the construction and building sectors.
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Jessy Magdalene Anna, J., i A. . Sumathi. "Strength and Durability Characteristics of Steel Fibre Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, nr 3.12 (20.07.2018): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.16100.
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Owing to the upturn inrepair and rehabilitation of structures that undergoes deterioration even before its intended life span; it has become necessary to study the durability properties of the structures. This paper deals with an experimental approach on the strength and durability characteristics of Geopolymer Concrete and Steel Fibre Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete with varying proportions of Fly ash, Waste Glass powder and GGBS (Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag) as base material cured at room temperature. Sodium hydroxide (14M) and Sodium silicate are used as alkali activators. Steel fibres of length 60mm, 0.75mm diameter are used in two different proportions (0.25% and 0.50%). The results are compared with that of the Portland cement based plain and fibre reinforced control concrete. The durability characteristic involved in this study is Sorptivity test. The results reveal that Steel fibre reinforced Geopolymer concrete procures surpassing characteristics than that of Geopolymer concrete which in turn possess superior characteristics than that of conventional concrete.
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Sathish Kumar, V., N. Ganesan i P. V. Indira. "Effect of Hybrid Fibres on the Durability Characteristics of Ternary Blend Geopolymer Concrete". Journal of Composites Science 5, nr 10 (15.10.2021): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5100279.
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The need to develop sustainable concrete in the civil infrastructure industry increases day by day, resulting in new eco-friendly materials such as geopolymer concrete. Geopolymer concrete is one of the eminent alternatives to conventional concrete for sustainable development by reducing the carbon footprint. Ternary blend geopolymer concrete (TGPC) is a sustainable and environmentally friendly concrete produced with three different source materials to form a binder. The main advantage of TGPC is that it possesses densely packed particles of different shapes and sizes, which results in improved properties. This paper deals with the experimental investigations to evaluate the durability properties of plain and hybrid fibre reinforced TGPC. The durability of concrete is defined as the ability to withstand a safe level of serviceability and different environmental exposure conditions without any significant repair and rehabilitation throughout the service life. Conventional concrete is vulnerable to cracking due to its low tensile and durability properties. The TGPC considered in this work consists of fly ash, GGBS and metakaolin as source materials, selected mainly based on the material’s silica and alumina content, shape, size, and availability. The grade of concrete considered was M55. The main variables considered in this study were the proportions of crimped steel fibres (Vf), viz., 0.5% and 1% and proportions of polypropylene fibres (Vp)viz., 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.20% and 0.25%. The durability properties like water absorption, sorptivity, resistance to marine attack, acid attack, sulphate attack, and abrasion were studied in this investigation. The experimental test results were compared with the requirements provided in the standard/literature and found to be well within limits. The study also indicates that the inclusion of fibres in a hybrid form significantly improves the durability parameters of TGPC. The TGPC with 1% steel fibre and 0.15% polypropylene fibre performs better than the other combination of fibres considered in this experimental investigation.
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Ranjith, S., R. Venkatasubramani i V. Sreevidya. "Comparative Study on Durability Properties of Engineered Cementitious Composites with Polypropylene Fiber and Glass Fiber". Archives of Civil Engineering 63, nr 4 (1.12.2017): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ace-2017-0042.
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Abstract The durability characteristics of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) with various fibers such as polypropylene and glass were investigated in view of developing composites with high resistance to cracking. ECC offer large potential for durable civil infrastructure due to their high tensile strain capacity and controlled micro-crack width. In this study, fibre volume fractions (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%) of both polypropylene and glass fibers varied and durability measures such as a rapid chloride penetration test, sorptivity, water absorption, acid attack, and sulphate attack were measured. Increasing the fiber content up to 1.5% improved the durability properties of ECC. The test results indicate that the glass fiber-reinforced Engineered Cementitious Composites have better durability characteristics than polypropylene fiber-reinforced ECC.
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Sudhakaran Pillai, M., M. Sivaraja i S. Kandasamy. "Effect of silica fume surface treatment on natural fibres in resisting chloride resistance in concrete". Material Science Research India 7, nr 1 (25.06.2010): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/msri/070126.
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The natural fibre concrete may undergo a reduction in strength as a result of weakening of fibres by the combination of alkali attack and environmental loads. Silica fume slurry treatment is one of the best way to improve the durability of natural fibres in concrete. In this paper, fibre reinforced concrete with natural fibres such as coir and sugarcane baggase of as received condition and silica fume treated were cast at three volume fractions, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% and tested to study the chloride resistance. This experimental program consists of determination of mass loss and strength deterioration against hydrochloric acid attack, rapid chloride penetration and . From the studies, 10 to 20% reduction due to hydrochloric acid attack and 15 to 25% reduction due to freezing and thawing were observed in concrete with as received natural fibres. Concrete with treated natural fibres showed a better resistance against all the durability effects.
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Pathan, Tabassum A., i Rashida A. Jhumarwala. "Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of High Strength Banana Fibre Concrete (HSBFC) incorporating Fly ash and Silica fume". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 12 (31.12.2022): 780–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.47892.
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Abstract: Concrete is the most dynamic engineering material in construction industry because of its strength properties as well as its durability. The consumption of raw materials not only depleted natural resources but also increases the toxic material in the environment by the construction industries. Now a days the by using the banana fibre in concrete is an efficient sustainable method. The paper presents an Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of High Strength Banana Fibre Concrete (HSBFC) incorporating Fly ash and Silica fume in concrete. Banana fibers are widely available worldwide as agricultural waste from Banana cultivation. Banana fibers are environmentally friendly and present important attributes, such as low density, light weight, low cost, high tensile strength, as well as being water and fire resistant. Replacement of cement by Pozzolonic materials up to 40% in the proportion of 20%, 25% and 30% Fly Ash & 10% silica fume. Determination of strength parameters with different percentages of banana fibers at 0%, 1%, 1.5%, 2% by weight of cement. M70 grade concrete and ordinary Portland cement of grade 53 will be used. The banana fiber reinforced concrete will be tested for compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength and Durability tests at different ages of 7,14 and 28 days. Detailed laboratory studies will be carried out with different proportions of banana fiber to determine property of concrete such as compressive strength test, split tensile test, Flexural strength test. Durability test such as Water Absorption, Rapid Chloride ion Permeability Test (RCPT), Carbonation Resistance test, Sulphate Attack test, Hydrochloric acid attack, Freeze–Thaw Test also worked out. The Strength of the concrete in compression and flexure by adding 1.5% of banana fibre with Cement; partially replaced by 20% of Fly Ash and partially replaced by 10% of silica fume reveals better strength as compared to other combinations as proposed in this study.
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Song, Meimei, Ke Wu i Yihua Dou. "Durability of GFRC Modified by Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement under Elevated Curing Temperatures". Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2019 (28.12.2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2915684.
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CSA/GFRC is an advanced composite material possessed with great ductility and durability. However, its bending performance and fibre condition, as well as intrinsic microstructural changes, under elevated temperature have not been understood so far. XRD was applied in this study to investigate the hydration mechanism of CSA cement under 50°C, 70°C, and 80°C. Bending performance was carried out to test the toughness of CSA/GFRC. SEM was applied to observe the underlying microstructural changes of CSA/GFRC under different curing regimes. It was found out that there was a gradual degradation of both ultimate tensile strength and ultimate strain of CSA/GFRC with elevated curing temperature and curing age, but glass fibre still shows considerable ability to carry stress alone by bridging cracks. Microstructural studies showed that, at accelerated temperatures of 50°C and 70°C, the space between fibres remained empty in general only with some hydration products adhering to the fibre surface occasionally. At a higher accelerated curing temperature of 80°C, densification of the interfilamentary spaces by larger and clustered hydration products can be observed at longer curing ages, causing the fibres to lose parts of the flexibility. Therefore, it can be concluded that densification of interfilamentary spaces may have a greater role to play in the strength degradation of CSA/GFRC than mechanisms associated with fibre weakening caused by chemical corrosion.
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Guades, Ernesto, Henrik Stang, Gregor Fisher i Jacob Schmidt. "Hybrid fibre-reinforced geopolymer (HFRG) composites as an emerging material in retrofitting aging and seismically-deficient concrete and masonry structures". MATEC Web of Conferences 289 (2019): 04003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928904003.
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Fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) systems have recently become popular in repairing concrete or masonry structures because of their inherent advantages. In spite of these benefits, FRPs have drawbacks having low fire resistance, poor environmental sustainability and incompatibilty with the substrate concrete. The effort to address these issues has led to the development of an emerging strain hardening cementitious (SHC) material using an inorganic polymer known as hybrid fibre-reinforced geopolymer (HFRG) composites. Compared with cement-based SHC composites, HFRG has better bond performance to concrete substrates, higher fire resistance, greater corrosion durability and helps to reduce CO2 emissions. This paper reviews the recent development of HFRG composites as an emerging repair material. Literature reveals that flowability of a fresh HFRG mixture decreases with increasing fibre content though still workable up to 2% fibre volume. Fibre synergy could result in 10–181% higher flexural toughness of geopolymer composites than when just using mono fibres. The application of HFRG composites to RC beams increased displacement ductility by to 263%. To date, there has been no reported field application of HFRG as a repair material though mono-fibre FRG has been field-applied as a strengthening material in large-diameter sewer RC pipes, RC culverts, RC sewerage manholes and dam surface improvement.
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ABIOLA, O. S., W. K. KUPOLATI i O. V. AJILEYE. "CHARACTERISTICS OF GLASS FIBRE REINFORCED ASPHALT CONCRETE FOR HIGHWAY PAVEMENT DURABILITY". Journal of Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology 15, nr 1 (22.11.2017): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.51406/jnset.v15i1.1773.
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Fibres have been reported to improve the performance of asphalt against some pavement distresses and have the potential to improve the cohesive and tensile strength of asphalt. Laboratory investiga-tion of the characteristics and properties of glass fibre reinforced asphalt was conducted. Specimens were produced and tested for Stability using Marshall Test. The optimum bitumen content for the con-trol was also determined. Glass fibre of 12 mm length in the range of 0.2 – 0.8% by weight were added to the mix, volumetric parameters were examined using Asphalt Institute specification. Voids in Total Mix was used to determine if there is significant difference in the mean using one-way ANOVA at 5% probability level. The result showed that the penetration of the modified bitumen are lower and there is increase in the optimum bitumen content when compared with the control. Voids in mineral aggregate decreases by 2.72, 1.60, 5.92 and 6.98% when 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8% fibre respectively were added. Voids in total mix for both the control and modified asphalt showed no significant difference. The volu-metric parameters falls within the specification. The modified glass fibre would greatly enhance the durability and longevity of highway pavement structures.
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Sekhar, T. Seshadri, K. Chandra Mouli i P. Srinivasa Rao. "Durability Studies on Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete". i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology 4, nr 2 (15.01.2009): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jfet.4.2.527.
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Agopyan, Vahan, i Vanderley M. John. "Durability evaluation of vegetable fibre reinforced materials". Building Research & Information 20, nr 4 (lipiec 1992): 233–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09613219208727212.
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Isa, Amiruddin, Norlin Nosbi, Mokhtar Che Ismail, Hazizan Md Akil, Wan Fahmin Faiz Wan Ali i Mohd Firdaus Omar. "A Review on Recycling of Carbon Fibres: Methods to Reinforce and Expected Fibre Composite Degradations". Materials 15, nr 14 (18.07.2022): 4991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15144991.
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Carbon fibres are widely used in modern industrial applications as they are high-strength, light in weight and more reliable than other materials. The increase in the usage of carbon fibres has led to the production of a significant amount of waste. This has become a global issue because valuable carbon fibre waste ends up in landfill. A few initiatives have been undertaken by several researchers to recycle carbon fibre waste; however, the properties of this recycled material are expected to be worse than those of virgin carbon fibre. The incorporation of polymers, nanoparticles and other hybrid materials could enhance the overall properties of recycled carbon fibre waste. However, the degradation of fibre composites is expected to occur when the material is exposed to certain conditions and environments. The study of fibre composite degradation is crucial to enhance their properties, strength, safety and durability for future applications.
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Novikov, M. F., i Yu I. Kozyreva. "The ways to increase the durability of cutting tools (sintered carbide knives) in the production of steel fiber". Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), nr 1 (26.03.2021): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2021-1-95-99.
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One of the ways to increase the strength and reliability of building structures is the use of steel – fibre reinforced concrete. Steel – fibre reinforced concrete has significant advantages over conventional concrete. A high degree of resistance to cracking contributes to an increase in such physical and mechanical parameters as compressive, tensile and bending strength, water resistance, frost resistance, resistance to water and chemical penetration. In steel – fibre reinforced concrete, steel – fibre is used as a reinforcing material, evenly distributed over the volume of concrete.In the process of steel – fibre production, the fiber is cut with carbide knives. The article deals with the issues of increasing the wear resistance of carbide knives used for cutting steel – fibre, and suggests ways to increase the durability of cutting tools. The influence of the quality of tungsten-cobalt hard alloy on the wear resistance of knives is analyzed, and a knife attachment device is developed.
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Jagtap, Siddhant Millind, Shailesh Kalidas Rathod, Rohit Umesh Jadhav, Prathamesh Nitin Patil, Atharva Shashikant Patil, Ashwini M. Kadam i P. G. Chavan. "Fibre Mesh in Reinforced Slabs". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 5 (31.05.2022): 3539–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42986.
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Abstract: Fiber Reinforced Concrete is gaining attention as an effective way to improve the performance of concrete. Fibers are currently being specified in tunneling, bridge decks, pavements, loading docks, thin unbonded overlays, concrete pads, and concretes slabs. These applications of fiber reinforced concrete are becoming increasingly popular and are exhibiting excellent performance The usefulness of fiber reinforced concrete in various civil engineering applications is indisputable. Fiber reinforced concrete has so far been successfully used in slabs on grade, architectural panels, precast products, offshore structures, structures in seismic regions, thin and thick repairs, crash barriers, footings, hydraulic structures and many other applications. This study presents understanding srength of fibre reinforced conceret. Mechanical properties and durability of fiber reinforced concrete.
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Gribniak, Viktor, Pui-Lam Ng, Vytautas Tamulenas, Ieva Misiūnaitė, Arnoldas Norkus i Antanas Šapalas. "Strengthening of Fibre Reinforced Concrete Elements: Synergy of the Fibres and External Sheet". Sustainability 11, nr 16 (17.08.2019): 4456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11164456.
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In structural rehabilitation and strengthening, the structural members are often required to cope with larger design loading due to the upgrading of building services and design standard, while maintaining the member size to preserve the architectural dimensions and headroom. Moreover, durability enhancement by mitigating or eliminating the reinforcement corrosion problem is often desired. Concrete cracking is a major initiating and accelerating factor of the corrosion of steel reinforcement. The application of fibres is a prominent solution to the cracking problem. Furthermore, the fibres can increase the mechanical resistance of the strengthening systems. This study reveals the synergy effect of the combined application of steel fibres and external carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets. The investigation encompasses the use of fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcing bars, discrete steel fibres, externally bonded and mechanically fastened FRP sheets in different combinations. It is discovered that the steel fibres can help to control concrete cracking and eventually alter the failure mode and enhance the flexural resistance. The FRP reinforcement system, together with the steel fibres, radically resolves the structural safety problem caused by corrosion of the steel bar reinforcement. Finally, the impact of the external sheet on the fire limit state performance needs to be resolved, such as by adopting fire protection rendering for the finishes layer.
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Stavař, Tomáš, i Michal Stehlík. "The Assessment of Durability of Fibre Concretes with Dense Aggregate and Concrete Recyclate from the Results of Permeability and Diffusion Tests". Advanced Materials Research 1100 (kwiecień 2015): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1100.106.
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The mechanical and deformation characteristics of mass concrete are considerably improved by adding long structural fibres. This addition, however, does not always extend the durability of concrete. One of the key factors in the evaluation of durability of fibre concretes is the assessment of permeability of their surface layer using one of the non-destructive methods. In this research, three of these methods were used: two permeation methods with a gaseous medium, TORRENT and CO2 permeability method, and the British ISAT with a liquid medium, on the grounds of their simplicity of application and their possible combinability. The test results show that both TORRENT and ISAT methods can be used to assess the durability of both concrete and fibre concrete with dense aggregate. In the case of concrete containing concrete recyclate, however, the TORRENT method was not effective. Also the method of determining the permeability for CO2 was not suitable for the concrete with concrete recyclate. Even for other concretes this method was too complicated and too dependent on the marginal conditions of the measurement.
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Rusli, M., R. S. Nanda, H. Dahlan, M. Bur i M. Okuma. "Sound Absorption Characteristics of Composite Panel Made from Coconut Coir and Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Fibre with Polyester". International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering 18, nr 3 (21.09.2021): 9022–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijame.18.3.2021.14.0691.
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The development of pure natural fibres as sound absorptive material remains overlooked due to their lack of mechanical and moist properties, low durability, and vulnerability to be damaged by the environment. Certain fibre treatments are needed to improve such disadvantages. This paper investigates sound absorption characteristics of coconut fibre (coir) and oil palm fibre made from empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) fibre bonded by polyester that can protect them from the ambient environment in order to increase their durability. Two types of fibre-polyester composites have been tested. The first is the fibre-polyester composite (FPC) type, which is totally coated with polyester as the composite matrix. Another type is the fibre-polyester bonded composite (FPBC), in which the polyester is brushed into slice by a slice of the fibre layer in order to coat and bond the fibre, although porous among the fibre remains possible. A two-channel impedance tube is used in the measurement within 200 Hz to 3000 Hz of the frequency range. It is found that FPBC type panel has almost similar sound absorption characteristics to its purely natural fibre as it is able to maintain the panel porosity. The coconut coir fibre panel and its composite have a maximum absorption coefficient of almost 100% within the frequency range 1500-2000 Hz, considerably better than the OPEFB fibre, with only about 80% of the absorption coefficient. If the FPC layer exists, the sound absorption is reduced, and the frequency peaks are also shifted. Additions of the FPC panel layer thickness produced lower sound absorptions and shifted the peaks to the lower frequency range. The FPBC panel type is viable to protect the fibre from the environment without changing its sound absorption characteristics.
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Pavan, B., Avari Nagaraju i V. B. Reddy Suda. "An Experimental Study on Ternary Blended Fibre Reinforced concrete with Basalt Fibre and Steel Fibre". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 982, nr 1 (1.03.2022): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/982/1/012024.
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Abstract Concrete is a popular building material because of its great compressive strength, durability, and availability of sub-components. The strain at fracture and tensile strength of normal concrete are extremely poor. Simple concrete usually contains multiple micro-cracks and fails due to a lack of tensile strength under continuous loading conditions. Concrete is strengthened with fibres to increase tensile and flexure strength. Fibre-reinforced concrete’s primary function is to monitor cracking and thus provide some post-cracking ductility. The aim is to compare the performance of fibres on the mechanical properties of M30 grade concrete and to find the optimal fibre concentration. Fibres are added by 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2% in concrete. Ternary blended concrete was considered in the study. Cement is partially replaced by GGBS with 30% and Dolomite powder 10% respectively. The study took in to account the replacement to reduce the CO2 emission while also conserving natural resources. Total 8 mixes are prepared with fibre proportions. Different concrete specimens such as cubes, cylinders and beams are prepared with different proportions of fibres. Prepared concrete specimens were tested at 3, 7& 28days. The inclusion of fibres resulted in significant improvements in compression, flexure, and split tensile strength in experimental test results.
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Baby, Bletty, Jerry Anto, Basil Johny i Sreenath S. "Rheology, Strength and Durability Characteristics of Alccofine Blended Fibre Reinforced Self Consolidating Concrete". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, nr 3.12 (20.07.2018): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.16026.
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In this study, observations were made on the effect of blending cement with fly ash and Alccofine on the fresh and hardened properties of micro steel fibre reinforced self-consolidating concrete (SCC). SCC mixes were prepared based on EFNARC guidelines. Blending has been done by replacing 5%, 10% and 15% of cement with Alccofine. Slump flow, L-box and V-funnel tests were conducted to study the flow characteristics of SCC. Compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength tests were performed to assess the strength characteristics. It was observed that the SCC with 10% replacement of cement with Alccofine showed better results than the other mixes. Further, the modification of the optimum blend with 10% Alccofine was made by adding variable percentages (0.5%, 1% and 1.5% by volume) of micro steel fibres and strength tests were conducted to optimise the fibre content. The strength degradation of the SCC with optimum Alccofine and fibre content exposed to alkaline, chloride and sulphate solutions was also studied.
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De Aloysio, Giulia, Mattia Morganti, Luca Laghi, Matteo Scafè, Enrico Leoni, Claudio Mingazzini i Stefano Bassi. "Characterization in expected working environments of recyclable fire-resistant materials". MATEC Web of Conferences 349 (2021): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202134901009.
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This study focuses on the development of multi-material solutions for fire-resistant structural materials for transport and thermal insulation in the construction field. Special attention was paid to combining recyclable and bio-mass derived raw materials without interfering with an easy end-of-life separation, recycling and reuse. Fire-resistant biomass derived resins were associated with basalt derived Mineral Fibres (BDMF) in the form of prepregs, which were studied as semi-finished materials. Fire-resistance was obtained by associating these prepregs with thin gres tiles in the case of fire-resistant thermal insulating facades and with aluminum layers (giving origin to Fibre Metal Laminates-FML) in the case of structural components for transport applications. Thermophysical characterization of the solutions was carried out to assess both thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity. Fire resistance tests were performed on FML to determine the number of Al layers needed to ensure fire resistance. Results suggest that fire resistance depends primarily on the number of Al layers, rather than on their thickness. Accelerated ageing tests (salty mist and freeze-thaw) were executed to predict durability in the expected working conditions. Results suggest a durability issue in FML with preceramic interface in salty environments.
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Memon, Imtiaz Ahmed, Ashfaque Ahmed Jhatial, Samiullah Sohu, Muhammad Tahir Lakhiar i Zahid Hussain Khaskheli. "Influence of Fibre Length on the Behaviour of Polypropylene Fibre Reinforced Cement Concrete". Civil Engineering Journal 4, nr 9 (30.09.2018): 2124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-03091144.
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Concrete being a mixture of cement, aggregates (fine and coarse) and water, can be used in vast range of applications. It has excellent durability and availability which are its main advantages. Though, concrete is strong in compression it is comparatively weak in tensile loading. Over the years various materials have been used to reinforce concrete to withstand the tensile stresses. Polypropylene fibre is one such fibre which comes in varied sizes, is nowadays being utilized to reinforce concrete. In this study, three PP fibres were used at 0.20%, 0.25% and 0.30% content by weight. The flexural and compressive strengths were determined. Based on the results, it was observed with increase in size of fibre the compressive strength decreased significantly though it was still higher than the controlled sample. The length of PP fibres had significant effect on the compressive strength and flexural strength of concrete. Short PP fibres showed relatively higher compressive strength but lower flexural strength when higher fibre content is used, while long PP fibres achieved lower compressive strength but higher flexural strength than shorter PP fibres. The optimum dosage for both PP fibre sizes was 0.25% at which it achieved increased strength as compared to control sample.
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Tolêdo Filho, Romildo Dias, Kuruvilla Joseph, Khosrow Ghavami i George Leslie England. "THE USE OF SISAL FIBRE AS REINFORCEMENT IN CEMENT BASED COMPOSITES". Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 3, nr 2 (sierpień 1999): 245–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v3n2p245-256.
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ABSTRACT The inclusion of fibre reinforcement in concrete, mortar and cement paste can enhance many of the engineering properties of the basic materials, such as fracture toughness, flexural strength and resistance to fatigue, impact, thermal shock and spalling. In recent years, a great deal of interest has been created worldwide on the potential applications of natural fibre reinforced, cement based composites. Investigations have been carried out in many countries on various mechanical properties, physical performance and durability of cement based matrices reinforced with naturally occurring fibres including sisal, coconut, jute, bamboo and wood fibres. These fibres have always been considered promising as reinforcement of cement based matrices because of their availability, low cost and low consumption of energy. In this review, the general properties of the composites are described in relation to fibre content, length, strength and stiffness. A chronological development of sisal fibre reinforced, cement based matrices is reported and experimental data are provided to illustrate the performance of sisal fibre reinforced cement composites. A brief description on the use of these composite materials as building products has been included. The influence of sisal fibres on the development of plastic shrinkage in the pre-hardened state, on tensile, compressive and bending strength in the hardened state of mortar mixes is discussed. Creep and drying shrinkage of the composites and the durability of natural fibres in cement based matrices are of particular interest and are also highlighted. The results show that the composites reinforced with sisal fibres are reliable materials to be used in practice for the production of structural elements to be used in rural and civil construction. This material could be a substitute asbestos-cement composite, which is a serious hazard to human and animal health and is prohibited in industrialized countries. The production of sisal fibres as compared with synthetic fibres or even with mineral asbestos fibres needs much less energy in addition to the ecological, social and economical benefits.
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Shao, Shanqing, Ran Wang, Aimin Gong, Ruijun Li, Jing Xu, Fulai Wang i Feipeng Liu. "Study and Neural Network Analysis on Durability of Basalt Fibre Concrete". Water 15, nr 6 (7.03.2023): 1016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15061016.
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In order to investigate the law of basalt fibre to enhance the durability of concrete, this paper selects basalt fibre length as the main factor, supplemented by novel research methods such as neural networks, to study the rule of concrete resistance to multiple types of salt erosion. Tests have shown that large doses of mineral admixtures and basalt fibres can prolong the time that concrete is eroded by salt solutions; the age of maintenance has a small effect on the mechanical and durability of the concrete; the increase in length of basalt fibres enhances the mechanical properties of the concrete, but weakens the durability. This is exacerbated by the mixing of fibres, but the increase is not significant; the effect of length on concrete resistance to mass loss, corrosion resistance factor of compressive strength, and resistance to chloride ion attack is ranked as follows: 6 mm > 12 mm > 18 mm > 6 mm + 12 mm > 6 mm + 12 mm + 18 mm. The opposite is true for effective porosity; the highest compressive strength corrosion resistance coefficient was found in the length of 6 mm, with an average increase of 6.2% compared to 18 mm, and the mixed group was generally smaller than the single mixed group. The average increase in chloride content was 25.1% for length 18 mm compared to 6 mm; the triple-doped L6-12-18 group was the largest, with an average increase of 33.9% in effective porosity over the minimum 6 mm group. Based on the data from the above indoor trials, artificial neural network models and grey cluster analysis were used to predict and analyse the data, and the prediction and categorisation results were accurate and reliable, providing a reference for subsequent studies.
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Farah Nurasyikin Md Rosdi, Nurjannah Salim, Rasidi Roslan, Nurul Huda Abu Bakar i Siti Noorbaini Sarmin. "Potential Red Algae Fibre Waste as a Raw Material for Biocomposite". Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 30, nr 1 (8.03.2023): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/araset.30.1.303310.
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Red algae are abundant worldwide, and their exploitation for the development of agar products has developed into a significant industry in recent years. Industrial processing of red algae produces a significant amount of solid fibre waste, which contributes to substantial environmental problems. Agar from red algae is mostly used in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. There has been very limited research on the use of red algae in lignocellulosic composites so far. As such, this project aims to fabricate red algae reinforced with polylactic acid (PLA) as composite materials and to investigate the composite's mechanical, physical, and durability properties, as well as its characterization. The composite is fabricated using an extruder and a hydraulic hot press machine in three different composition ratios: 200:0, 180:20, and 160:40 (PLA: fibre (g)). Each sample was subjected to tensile testing for mechanical properties, melt flow index (MFI), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) testing for physical properties, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) testing for thermal properties. For durability testing, the samples were buried underground to determine the weight loss of composites over two weeks. The results indicate that while red algae have exceptional thermal properties, however, the strength and durability of the composite decrease with the inclusion of fibre. It is recommended that fibres be treated with an alkaline solution to improve their characteristics before being used as a composite.
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Sharmila, S., i P. Chandrasekaran. "Performance evaluation of high performance concrete beams under cyclic loading". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, nr 1.1 (21.12.2017): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.1.8926.
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High performance concrete essentially consists of the same ingredients as in conventional concrete but the proportions are designed to provide the strength and durability which are needed for the structural and environmental requirements of the structure. Fiber-reinforced concrete is a concrete containing ingredients of conventional concrete and fibres which increases its structural integrity. Fibers act as crack arrester which are primarily due to plastic shrinkage and drying shrinkage. They also reduce the permeability of concrete. The main aim of the present experimental investigation is to combine different fibres namely crimped stainless steel fibre and Aramid fibre to produce HFRC and thus to evaluate its mechanical performance. In Addition Micro silica and Quartz powder is added to obtain high performance. Based on I.S. Code method of mix design, proportion of different ingredients was obtained to get M60 grade concrete. Samples were prepared by varying the volume fraction of Steelfibre and aramid fibre from 0 to 1.5%. Three specimens of Cubes, Cylinders, and Prisms for each volume fraction of fibers are casted. Mechanical properties of each concrete composite were studied. The structural parameters such as load carrying capacity, ductility characteristics and energy absorption capacity of HPHFRC beams were assessed.
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Alajmi, Abdalrahman, Rajab Abousnina, Abdullah Shalwan, Sultan Alajmi, Golnaz Alipour, Tafsirojjaman Tafsirojjaman i Geoffrey Will. "An Experimental and Numerical Investigation into the Durability of Fibre/Polymer Composites with Synthetic and Natural Fibres". Polymers 14, nr 10 (16.05.2022): 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14102024.
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Progress in engineering research has shifted the interest from traditional monolithic materials to modern materials such as fibre reinforced composites (FRC). This paradigm shift can be attributed to the unique mechanical characteristics of FRCs such as high strength to weight ratio, good flexural strength, and fracture toughness. At present, synthetic composites dominate the automotive, aerospace, sporting, and construction industries despite serious drawbacks such as costly raw materials, high manufacturing costs, non-recyclability, toxicity, and non-biodegradability. To address these issues, naturally occurring plant fibres (such as jute, hemp, sisal) are being increasingly researched as potential reinforcements for biodegradable or non-biodegradable polymer matrices to produce environmentally friendly composites. In this study, sisal fibres were selected owing to their low production costs, sustainability, recyclability, and biodegradability. The hydrothermal ageing and mechanical characteristics of sisal fibre-reinforced epoxy (SFRE) composites were determined and compared with glass fibre-reinforced epoxy (GFRE) synthetic composites. Moreover, a first-of-its-kind numerical model have been developed to study the hydrothermal ageing and mechanical characteristics of SFRE, along with GFRE, using ANSYS software. Moreover, microstructural analysis of flexural tested GFRE and SFRE samples were carried out to identify the microstructural properties of the composites. Both experimental and numerical results exhibited an influence of short- or long-term hydrothermal treatment on the flexural properties of glass and sisal fibre-based composites. In the case of GFRE, the moisture uptake and fibre-matrix de-bonding existed, but it is less severe as compared to the SFRE composites. It was found that the dosage of sisal fibres largely determines the ultimate mechanical performance of the composite. Nonetheless, the experimental and numerical flexural strengths of SFRE were comparable to GFRE composites. This exhibited that the SFRE composites possess the potentiality as a sustainable material for advanced applications.
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Nair, Nandini. "Experimental Investigation on Fibre Reinforced Concrete Pavement Slabs Subjected to Temperature Gradient". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, nr 9 (30.09.2021): 1967–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38251.
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Abstract: A long lasting, reliable and economical transportation system is a critical component for the continuous movement of heavy traffic. Rigid pavements are made of concrete are widely for land transportation used because of its increased life, strength and it provides efficient movement of heavy traffic. Concrete is a brittle material and its low tensile strength leads to the formation of cracks, which is one of the main reason of concrete failure. Addition of fibre prevents the crack formation because fibres are crack arresters. Fibre addition increases the structural integrity of the pavement. Concrete slab in pavement structure experiences daily temperature fluctuations and results in the formation of temperature gradients in the slab. The objective of this study is to investigate the material properties of the three different fibres used in pavement slabs subjected to temperature gradient and the fibres used is coir fibre. Reduced cracks ensure pavement durability, reduced maintenance, improved performance, improved performance and ride quality. Keywords: Rigid pavements, Fibre Reinforced Concrete (FRC), Coir Fibre, Temperature Gradient, Pavement Slab.
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Naraganti, Srinivasa Rao, Rama Mohan Rao Pannem i Jagadeesh Putta. "Influence of Hybrid Fibres on Bond Strength of Concrete". International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences 5, nr 2 (1.04.2020): 353–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33889/ijmems.2020.5.2.029.
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Bond strength between embedded bar and concrete plays vital role in the design of various reinforced concrete structural elements. Use of metallic and synthetic fibres has been shown to be an effective method to enhance tensile strength, reduce shrinkage and improve durability properties of concrete. However, making of synthetic fibres will not only deplete the natural hydrocarbon resources, but also add greenhouse pollutants to the environment. Hence, sisal fibre was considered as a potential alternative to polypropylene fibre. An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the influence of sisal fibres as mono-fibre and in combination with steel as hybrid fibre on bond strength of concrete. The performance of steel polypropylene fibre reinforced concrete (SPFRC) is compared with that of steel sisal fibre reinforced concrete (SSiFRC). Bond strength was conducted onM30 grade concrete for curing periods of 7, 28 and 90 days. Fibre dosages of 0.50%, 1.00%, 1.25% and 1.50% by volume of concrete were used. Results indicated that increase in steel fibre dosage improved the bond strength slightly. However, increase in fibre dosage of either PP fibres or sisal fibres resulted decrease in bond strength. Furthermore, sisal fibre reinforced concrete (SiFRC) showed inferior performance in bond strength as compared to polypropylene fibre reinforced concrete (PFRC). A detailed statistical analysis revealed that although no strong correlation between the compressive strength and the bond strength was evident from the experimental study, means of bond strength of both the hybrid groups did not differ significantly. In addition, empirical equations were proposed to predict the bond strength of fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) based on compressive strength.
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Gargano, A., J. Galos i A. P. Mouritz. "Importance of fibre sizing on the seawater durability of carbon fibre laminates". Composites Communications 19 (czerwiec 2020): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2020.02.002.
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Shao, Yixin, Shylesh Moras, Nilgun Ulkem i George Kubes. "Wood fibre - cement composites by extrusion". Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 27, nr 3 (1.06.2000): 543–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l99-093.
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Wood fibres derived from both hardwood and softwood, being relatively inexpensive and in ample supply, have gained increasing popularity in the fibre-cement building product industry. Presently, the manufacture of most wood fibre - cement composites employs the Hatschek process. The purpose of this paper is to examine the feasibility of using extrusion technology for the production. Wood fibre - cement sheets, composed of both hardwood and softwood fibres of different fibre contents, were fabricated using an auger-type extruder. The flexural behavior, moisture content, water absorption, and density of all batches were evaluated. To investigate the weathering durability of the extruded composites, materials were also subjected to a temperature-cycling test and a natural exposure weathering test. With a relative ease of manufacture and a much cleaner production, extrusion was found to be a suitable means for making cement composite thin sheets with up to 8% fibres by weight. The extruded composites exhibited a performance comparable to or even better than that of the Hatschek products. Hardwood fibres, which are cheaper and more available than the softwood fibres, were found to be more suitable for extrusion production in terms of the extrudability, finished surface, and long-term mechanical properties.Key words: wood fibre - cement composites, hardwood pulp, softwood pulp, extrusion, strength, toughness index, temperature cycling, natural weathering.
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Paglia, Christian, i S. Antonetti. "The Durability of Ultra High Strength Fibre Reinforced Cementitious Material". Key Engineering Materials 929 (24.08.2022): 167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-v44g0n.
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The technology of concrete greatly evolved in the recent years. The use of cements with a high dosage and the addition of fibres allowed a very compacted cementitious matrix. This fact may greatly affect the durability of a cementitious system. In this work, the durability of an ultra high strength fibre reinforced concrete was studied. The microstructure was dense, compact and exhibited a low capillary and total porosity as well as water permeability. Fluid resin penetration tests under pressure also showed a local difference in the penetration depth: from a thin surface layer to local small regions. Thus, the penetration potential of salts and water transporting degrading substances from the surface was reduced. The cement-based material was exposed to accelerated freeze/thaw and sulphate penetration tests, to clarify the durability and the capability of the low porous matrix to withstand the ingress of substances. In both cases the resistance was significantly higher as compared to conventional concrete. The crystalline quartz-rich matrix and the chemistry also played a relevant role in the low degradation of the system.
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Al-Ghazali, Noor Abbas, Farah Nora Aznieta Abdul Aziz, Khalina Abdan i Noor Azline Mohd Nasir. "Mechanical Properties of Natural Fibre Reinforced Geopolymer Composites: A Review". Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology 30, nr 3 (20.04.2022): 2053–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/pjst.30.3.16.
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The cement production consumes many natural resources and energy, pollutes the environment, and cannot meet the current building materials’ green and sustainable development requirements. Therefore, geopolymers have gained popularity as cement replacements in recent years. Geopolymers have promising characteristics such as low energy consumption and carbon footprint, valuable compressive strength, fire resistance, flame resistance and good durability. However, these materials suffer from low tensile and flexural strength. Hence, fibres are added to overcome these issues and enhance their toughness index. Natural fibres are biodegradable, low-cost, renewable materials and widely available in many countries. This article reviewed previous Natural Fibre Reinforced Geopolymer Composites (NFRGC) studies, focusing on compressive strength, tensile and flexural strengths, and toughness. In addition, the available literature on the effect of the treatment methods of natural fibres on the mechanical properties of NFRGC has been addressed. The findings indicate that adding the appropriate type and content of natural fibres to geopolymer composites can enhance their mechanical properties. However, more attention should be paid to the effects of the pre-treatment of natural fibres on the performance of NFRGC.
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Abbas, Al-Ghazali Noor, Farah Nora Aznieta Abdul Aziz, Khalina Abdan, Noor Azline Mohd Nasir i Mohd Nurazzi Norizan. "Kenaf Fibre Reinforced Cementitious Composites". Fibers 10, nr 1 (4.01.2022): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib10010003.
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Increased environmental awareness and the demand for sustainable materials have promoted the use of more renewable and eco-friendly resources like natural fibre as reinforcement in the building industry. Among various types of natural fibres, kenaf has been widely planted in the past few years, however, it hasn’t been extensively used as a construction material. Kenaf bast fibre is a high tensile strength fibre, lightweight and cost-effective, offering a potential alternative for reinforcement in construction applications. To encourage its use, it’s essential to understand how kenaf fibre’s properties affect the performance of cement-based composites. Hence, the effects of KF on the properties of cementitious composites in the fresh and hardened states have been discussed. The current state-of-art of Kenaf Fibre Reinforced Cement Composite (KFRCC) and its different applications are presented for the reader to explore. This review confirmed the improvement of tensile and flexural strengths of cementitious composites with the inclusion of the appropriate content and length of kenaf fibres. However, more studies are necessary to understand the overall impact of kenaf fibres on the compressive strength and durability properties of cementitious composites.
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Lu, Maria Morissa, i Aart Willem Van Vuure. "Improving moisture durability of flax fibre composites by using non-dry fibres". Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 123 (sierpień 2019): 301–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2019.05.029.
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Singh, B., M. Gupta i Anchal Verma. "The durability of jute fibre-reinforced phenolic composites". Composites Science and Technology 60, nr 4 (marzec 2000): 581–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-3538(99)00172-4.
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Allan, M. L., i L. E. Kukacka. "Strength and durability of polypropylene fibre reinforced grouts". Cement and Concrete Research 25, nr 3 (kwiecień 1995): 511–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(95)00040-j.
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