Artykuły w czasopismach: „Farms”

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Biriuk, Olena, Mykhailo Kotsupatryi i Valentyna Hlyvenko. "ACCOUNTING TREATMENT OF A DECREASE IN AUTHORIZED CAPITAL IN FARMS". Problems and prospects of economics and management, nr 2(34) (2023): 204–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2411-5215-2023-2(34)-204-214.

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n the modern economy of Ukraine, the agricultural sector holds significant importance. Farms play a crucial role in ensuring the country's food security, developing rural areas, and creating employ-ment opportunities. The stable development of farms is supported by externaland internal factors, with one key element being sufficient equity capital.Authorized capital serves as the foundation of the equity capital of farms, contributing to their financial stability and effective management. The regular operations of farms involve movement in their authorized capital, reflecting the changes in their membership.The article discusses the procedures and methodologies for accounting for the reduction of author-ized (registered) capital in farms due to various reasons, including theliquidation of the enterprise. It proposes a method for determining the total value of the farm’s assets, which is taken into consideration when distributing the departing member's share in the farm's assets. For this purpose, two new concepts are introduced: the member's overall share in the authorized capital and the member's overall share in the farm's assets. The article also suggests an accounting approach for recording payments to departing members based on their overall share in the farm's assets and statutory capital during the functioning of the farm and its liquidation.The proposed version of the accounting display of the reduction of authorized capital in farms (legal entities) takes into account the provisions of legislative acts of Ukraine andregulatory legal acts on accounting and financial reporting and can be used in the practical activities of farms.

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Kostlivý, Vladimír, Zuzana Fuksová i Tamara Rudinskaya. "Drivers of farm performance in Czech crop farms". Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 66, No. 7 (21.07.2020): 297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/231/2019-agricecon.

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When analysing drivers affecting the farm performance, the presence of different technologies should be taken into account. We assume that the technology used by crop farms is not the same for all producers and therefore we use latent class model to identify technological classes at first. Class definition is based on multidimensional classification and determination of indices given by the values of individual components. The principal components analysis is applied to estimate significant and robust weights for the index components. FADN (Farm Accountancy Data Network) database, Czech crop farms data from 2005 to 2017 were used and three groups of technology classes of farms were identified with a determinant influence of the structure index and localisation. The other indices characterise sustainability, innovation, technology, diversification, and individual characteristics. Three distinct classes of crop farms were found, one major class and two minor classes. Family driven farms are usually smaller farms in terms of acreage. Highly sustainable crop farms are most likely located in lower altitudes and not in less-favoured areas. Innovative farms are also likely to be more productive. The results indicate that agricultural production farms with a more sustainable way of farming are most likely to be more productive.

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Napton, Darrell. "Farms of tomorrow: Community supported farms, farm supported communities". Journal of Rural Studies 9, nr 1 (styczeń 1993): 103–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0743-0167(93)90015-c.

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Tatarinova, M. N., M. V. Feskova i A. S. Khusainova. "Reporting of peasant (farm) farms". Buhuchet v sel'skom hozjajstve (Accounting in Agriculture), nr 11 (1.11.2021): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-11-2111-03.

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Intensive development of small businesses in rural areas is one of the priority directions of state policy in the field of sustainable development of the agrarian economy and rural areas. At the same time, the level of professional legal awareness and entrepreneurial thinking among farmers largely determines the effectiveness of small agricultural formations. This level depends on many factors, including the availability of knowledge of taxation issues, the ability to competently maintain accounting records, observing the requirement of rationality, the ability to navigate the regulations governing this organizational form of doing business. The article discusses the procedure for the formation and features of the presentation of reporting forms of activity of peasant (farmer) farms taking into account various factors of activity, since it is this area that underlies the construction of the entire system of accounting and analytical work.

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Ziętara, Wojciech. "PARITY INCOME AND DEVELOPMENT POSSIBILITIES OF FARMS IN POLAND". Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXII, nr 2 (24.06.2020): 237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.2478.

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The article presents the importance of farm income, taking the farm’s ability to develop into account. It has been demonstrated that achieving farm income at a parity level is insufficient to determine the farm’s ability to develop. These requirements are also not met by labour income. What informs about a farm’s development ability is the ratio of farm income to conventional costs of own production factors: labour, land and capital in the form of the competitiveness index (Wk). Its value from 1 to 1.9 points to a competitive capacity and when it reaches 2 and more, it points to full competitiveness. Based on the data from farms covered by FADN monitoring in 2017, it was found that the farm area specialising in field crops and the cultivation of cereals, oilseeds and protein crops for seeds and being able to compete (to develop) was about 40 ha of utilised agricultural area (UAA), while in the case of fully competitive farms it was 106 ha. The size of farms specialising in vegetable and permanent (fruit-growing) crops and able to compete was 7 and 13 ha of UAA, respectively. The size of dairy farms able to compete was about 25 ha of UAA and 21 cows, while the size of fully competitive farms – 75 ha and 54 cows. The size of pig farms able to compete was about 25 ha of UAA and 26 sows, while the size of fully competitive farms – 40 ha of UAA and 37 sows. The size of “mixed” farms able to compete was 39 ha of UAA and, on average, 4 cows and 7 sows, while the size of fully competitive farms – 79 ha of UAA, 8 cows and 11 sows.

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Bastanchury-López, María Teresa, Carmen De-Pablos-Heredero, Jose Luis Montes-Botella, Santiago Martín-Romo-Romero i Antón García. "Impact of Dynamic Capabilities on Performance in Dairy Sheep Farms in Spain". Sustainability 12, nr 8 (21.04.2020): 3368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083368.

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This study links the dynamic capabilities (DCs) theory with performance in dairy sheep farms in Castilla La Mancha (central Spain). The approach is novel as it seeks to understand how best results can be achieved by deploying DCs in farms. The proposal is that dynamic capabilities are interrelated to each other and present a positive impact on the farm’s economic sustainability. A mixed methods approach (a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods of research) was utilized. First, 30 indicators of dynamic capabilities (8 of absorption, 11 of integration, 9 of innovation, and 2 of profits) were selected by applying Delphi’s methodology. Second, a structural equation model (SEM) was applied over a random sample of 157 dairy sheep farms to measure the relationship between DCs and the impact of each capability on farms’ final performance. The existence of positive relationships amongst absorption, integration, and innovation capabilities was evidenced. Absorption and integration capabilities exhibited positive influences on a farm’s final performance. The knowledge of the relationships amongst dynamic capabilities is a new orientation to increase farms’ viability. These findings reveal that the application of the dynamic capabilities theory can explain best farms’ economic sustainability.

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Ahiakwo, A. A., i C. B. Isirima. "FARM MACHINERY UTILIZATION AND MAINTENANCE EFFECTS ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF COLLEGE FARMS". Engineering and Technology Journal 08, nr 01 (3.01.2023): 1795–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/etj/v8i1.02.

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In order to expose students in tertiary institution learning agricultural science to the concept of farm mechanization, which could aid self-reliance after graduation, the federal government of Nigeria has provided farm machinery to make teaching and learning effective in this regard. The focus of this study therefore is to assess farm machinery deployment, management and maintenance effect on mechanization for sustainable development of college farms in Nigerian. The study population comprised all federal and state colleges covered by tertiary institution trust fund (tetfund). Sample of 24 colleges offering agricultural education was randomly drawn for the study. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data obtained was statistically analysed using mean from a 4 point likert rating scale. Results obtained revealed that out of the 252 farm machinery available in the sampled colleges, 25 percent are tractor, 20 percent each are plough and harrow while 18percent are ridger and planter/fertilizer distributor respectively. The mean response of 2.4, 2.2 and 2.3 in disagreement to the research questions shows that there is need to improve in farm machinery utilization and maintenance as well as for teaching and learning in the colleges.

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ŞANDA, Mehmet Nuri. "INSPECTİON OF ATATÜRK FARMS IN TARSUS AND SİLİFKE". IEDSR Association 6, nr 11 (24.02.2021): 206–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.46872/pj.237.

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The subject of this study consisting of three section was the Piloğlu Farm in Tarsus and Şövalye and Tekir Atatürk Famrs in Silifke in Mersin city in 20. century. The first section of this study provided general information about the formation of Atatürk farms. The second section explained the formation of Piloğlu Farm in Tarsus and Şövalye and Tekir Atatürk Farms in Silifke and transferring the Orman Farm in Ankara, Piloğlu Farm in Tarsus, Karabasamak Farm and Orange Garden in Dörtyol, Şövale and Tekir farms in Silifke and Baltacı and Millet farms in Yalova to treasure in 1937 under the will of Mustafa Kemal. The third section explained the transfer of farms in Tarsus and Silifke to State Agricultural Business Institution in 1938 and the audit conducted by this institution to Piloğlu and Tekir farms in 1945-1946. During this audit, inspectors prepared reports related to the cropped area in the farm, agricultural tools, transportation vehicles, forestation work and the states of the buildings and field. These report included problems in the farms and recommendations to solve these problems.

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Aydoğan, Mehmet, Osman Uysal, Serhan Candemir, Yunus Emre Terzi, Rahmi Taşçı, Tuba Beşen, Fatma Pınar Öztürk i in. "Türkiye’de Alabalık Yetiştiriciliği Yapan İşletmelerin Ekonomik Performanslarının Analizi". Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 8, nr 9 (26.09.2020): 1952–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i9.1952-1964.3587.

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The purpose of this research is to measure the economic performance and development of rainbow trout farming in inland waters in Turkey. As a result of the research, it was determined that the farms use an average of 82% of their capacities. There was a negative relationship between the farm-scale and CUR, and as the farm scale grows, the CUR decreases. The average feed conversion rate (FCR) of the enterprises was calculated as 1.12. Fish capital (36.8%) had the largest share in active capital, and equity capital (87.2%) had the largest share in passive capital. Net profits of farms falling to one-tonne production capacity; it was calculated as 2.374 TRY in small-scale farms, 1.322 TRY in medium-scale farms and 1.896 TRY in large-scale farms. The proportional profit of farms was 1.08, 0.99, and 1.17, respectively. The average current ratio value of the examined farms was calculated as 3.67 and liquidity ratios as 3.55. As the farm's scale grows, current ratio values also increase, and large-scale farms had more cash assets than small and medium-scale farms. As a result of the research; It can be said that the trout-breeding farms in Turkey have current assets that can pay their short term debts. The average borrowing rate of farms was 0.16. In other words, 16% of the financial assets of the trout farms in Turkey were met from debts. The turnover rate of the assets of the farms was 0.79 and is below the sector average. The average rate of economic profitability of farms was calculated as 0.13. In other words, the income that farms generate from aquaculture is more than the opportunity cost.

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Kowalczyk, Zbigniew, i Katarzyna Grotkiewicz. "Wear of Farm Buildings in Selected Farms". Agricultural Engineering 20, nr 2 (1.07.2016): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/agriceng-2016-0032.

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AbstractThe objective of the article was to compare the level and structure of wear and tear of various types of the most popular agricultural buildings in the selected agricultural farms. A comparative analysis of physical and functional wear as well as investment expenditures of the selected objects in 2010-2014 was carried out. The scope of the article covered agricultural buildings with which 90 farms in the southern Poland are equipped. These farms were varied on account of the surface area and the production nature. The detailed analysis covered: cowsheds, piggeries, garages, fruit and vegetable storages, greenhouses and barns. The average age of the majority of farm buildings as well as a considerable degree of physical wear in comparison to a lower functional wear was determined.

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Sorokina, Anna. "FEATURES OF LEGAL STATUS PEASANT (FARM) FARMS". Modern Technologies and Scientific and Technological Progress 2024, nr 1 (22.04.2024): 371–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.36629/2686-9896-2024-1-371-372.

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This article describes the genesis of legislative regulation of a business entity with a special legal sta-tus - a peasant (farm) enterprise. The duality of the legal regulation of the subject is considered and a conclusion is made about the need to modernize Russian legislation in this area

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Kim, Youngjune, Bowen Chen, Allen M. Featherstone i Dustin L. Pendell. "Are Efficient and Inefficient Farms Heterogeneous? Evidence from Kansas Farms". Korean Agricultural Economics Association 64, nr 1 (30.03.2023): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24997/kjae.2023.64.1.103.

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Most of the previous literature on efficiency assumes that efficient and inefficient farms are homogeneous in production, even though they may have different strategies to increase efficiency. Exploiting Super Data envelopment analysis (DEA) and quantile regression, this study examines the sources of efficiency with particular consideration of the heterogeneity between efficient and inefficient farms using a farm-level dataset. The results show that an increase in some farm characteristics, such as the number of beef cows, percentage of income from beef cows, and percentage of acres owned, affects efficiency in different ways for efficient and inefficient farms. These results imply that efficient and inefficient farms are heterogeneous in terms of how farm characteristics affect efficiency.

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Ramadhan, Ali J., Ankit Kumar Tiwari, Birendra Kumar, Supriya, Harshit Mishra, Sandeep Gautam, Rajani Gautam, Mostafa Abotaleb i Hussein Alkattan. "Comparative Economics of Maize Crop in Kharif and Rabi Season". BIO Web of Conferences 97 (2024): 00134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20249700134.

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This study offers a detailed comparative analysis of maize crop cultivation in the kharif and rabi seasons within the agricultural landscape of Gonda District. 50 respondents were carefully selected from various villages in the block, with proportional representation for Marginal, Small, and Medium-sized farmers. The research delves into the economics of maize cultivation, emphasizing factors such as the cost of cultivation, input expenses, income generation, and input-output ratios. In the kharif season, it was distinguished that the cost of cultivation of maize with the farm's size. Marginal farms spent an average of ₹ 48125.93 per hectare, small farms incurred ₹ 51002.89, and large farms invested ₹ 54295.17. Similarly, during the rabi season, the cost of cultivation increased with farm size, with marginal farms investing an average of ₹ 52397.57, small farms spending ₹ 55444.93, and large farms allocating ₹ 58604.68 per hectare. Crucially, the study found that input-output ratios remained consistent across farm sizes in both seasons, reflecting uniform agricultural practices. The findings underscore the importance of efficient management, the adoption of advanced agricultural techniques, the use of high-quality seeds, and the timely application of irrigation and plant protection practices in enhancing net income, particularly on marginal farms.

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Müller-Rompa, S. E. K., I. Markevych, A. J. Hose, G. Loss, I. M. Wouters, J. Genuneit, C. Braun-Fahrländer i in. "An approach to the asthma-protective farm effect by geocoding: Good farms and better farms". Pediatric Allergy and Immunology 29, nr 3 (7.02.2018): 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pai.12861.

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Siqueira, Tiago Teixeira da Silva, Danielle Galliano, Geneviève Nguyen i Ferenc Istvan Bánkuti. "Organizational Forms and Agri-Environmental Practices: The Case of Brazilian Dairy Farms". Sustainability 13, nr 7 (28.03.2021): 3762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073762.

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Understanding the relationship between the organizational characteristics of a farm and its environmental performance is essential to support the agro-ecological transition of farms. This is even more important as very few studies on the subject have been undertaken and as there is a growing diversity of organizational forms of farms that differ from the traditional family model. This paper proposes a comprehensively integrated approach of dairy farms in Brazil. A case study of six archetypes of farms with contrasted organizational characteristics is developed to explore the relations between, on the one hand, farms’ organizational structure and governance, and on the other hand, the adoption of agri-environmental practices. Results show that the adoption of agri-environmental practices varies across the wide range of farm’s organizational forms—from the family to the industrial models. Farms with limited internal resources depend more specifically on external sectoral or territorial resources to implement environmental practices. If the environment is conducive to the creation of incentives and coordination mechanisms underlying learning processes, farms will adopt agri-environmental practices, regardless of they are organized. The creation of local cooperatives, farmer’s networks and universities extension programs can strengthen farmers’ absorption, adaptation and transformation capacities and boost the adoption of environmental practices. Finally, considering farms as heterogeneous organizational forms in terms of human capital, resources, market, and informational access is essential to accelerate the agroecological transition.

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Arce, Cristina, Cipriano Díaz-Gaona, Manuel Sánchez-Rodríguez, Santos Sanz-Fernández, Mª Dolores López-Fariña i Vicente Rodríguez-Estévez. "The Role of Women on Dairy Goat Farms in Southern Spain". Animals 12, nr 13 (30.06.2022): 1686. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12131686.

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One of the factors involved in goat milk production is the role of women as farmers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of women on dairy goat farms, considering: (1) the profile of women occupationally involved, (2) the organization of the women’s work, (3) the degree of involvement by women in the decision-making on these farms, and (4) the influence of women’s work on productive results. This study was conducted on 52 dairy goat farms in southern Spain. A descriptive analysis and means comparisons were performed to describe the farms where any women were involved or not. In 61.5% of the farms, at least one woman was involved, with an age of 42.2 ± 8.8 years. Very few women were farm owners, although women took binding decisions in 81.25% of these farms. Their work is dedicated to milking and caring for the kids. Women had a positive influence on the productive variables analysed, and for mastitis in herds, the incidence was lower in herds where women participated (p < 0.01). In conclusion, it is recommended to include women’s work as a factor when characterizing dairy goats farms’ systems to evaluate their positive effect on a farm’s performance.

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Ullah, Himayat. "Estimating Relative Technical Efficiency in Barani Agriculture: Some Further Results". Pakistan Development Review 34, nr 4III (1.12.1995): 913–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v34i4iiipp.913-924.

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The concept of technical efficiency of farms has sufficiently been detailed in the literature on agricultural economic development since Farrell (1957) and has now widely been studied by, among others, Bardhan (1973); Kalirajan and Flinn (1983); Fare, Grosskopf and Lovell (1985); Battese, Coelli and Colbi (1989); Kalirajan (1990); Battese and Coelli (1992); Himayatullah, et al. (1994); and Bashir and Himayatullah (1994). The interest in relative economic efficiency emerged from the observation that labour intensity and yield are inversely related to farm size. Economists interpreted this result as an indication that either small and large farms faced different configurations of input and output prices, or small and large farms differed with respect to economic efficiency. Economic efficiency of a group of farms can be conceptualised as comprising two main components; technical efficiency and allocative efficiency. A group of farms may be considered technically more efficient than another group of farms if it can produce a given output with less of some or all inputs, and a group of farms may be considered allocatively more efficient than another group of farms if it is more successful in equating marginal revenue product with the marginal cost of inputs. More simply, technical efficiency involves the farm’s ability to obtain the maximum possible output from a given set of resources, and allocative efficiency concerns its ability to maximise profits by equating the marginal revenue product with the marginal cost of inputs. Specifically, a group of farms that uses the best combination of inputs achieves the maximum possible output and is superior to another group of farms which does not do the same, given a similar bundle of inputs.

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Haryanto, Lorenta In, Mely Dayanty Harahap i Dessy Iriani Putri. "The Heterogeneity of Small, Mid-Scale, and Large-Scale Curly Red Chili Farming In Megamendung, Indonesia". Jambura Agribusiness Journal 5, nr 1 (2.07.2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37046/jaj.v5i1.19958.

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The change in land tenure and the shrinking size of agricultural land in Indonesia are recurring discussion topics. For farming to be sustainable, higher profit must be gained, particularly as a backup in the increasing number of small farms. This study aims to examine the farming practices of curly red chili at three farming scale levels: large-scale, mid-scale, and small farms. The observations, surveys, and interviews were conducted to obtain curly red chili production data during the wet season (December 2021 - March 2022) in Megamendung Sub-district. The farm parameters were presented descriptively; conversely, the farm's efficiency was measured using the R/C ratio of explicit cost and implicit costs. As many as 30 farmers are chosen using a purposive sampling technique. The study revealed that the profits gained by farmers depend on the farms scale with the largest share of large-scale farms, followed by mid-scale and small farms, whose R/C ratios on explicit cost were 9.50, 9.03, and 7.50, respectively. Mid-scale farms benefit from the high selling prices of the selected marketing channels; on the other hand, large-scale farms benefit from efficient production factors. Evidence shows that small farms may utilize both production factors and distribution channels less effectively. It is important for the government to consider implementing land consolidation for fragmented land like this. Land consolidation will assist farmers in the process of managing land and production systems in groups to make efficient use of farming production factors.

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Spears, R. A., A. J. Young i R. A. Kohn. "Whole-Farm Phosphorus Balance on Western Dairy Farms". Journal of Dairy Science 86, nr 2 (luty 2003): 688–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(03)73648-0.

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Spears, R. A., R. A. Kohn i A. J. Young. "Whole-Farm Nitrogen Balance on Western Dairy Farms". Journal of Dairy Science 86, nr 12 (grudzień 2003): 4178–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(03)74033-8.

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Möllers, Judith, i Jana Fritzsch. "Individual farm exit decisions in Croatian family farms". Post-Communist Economies 22, nr 1 (marzec 2010): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14631370903525645.

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Evans, M. R. "Agricultural Smells from Livestock Farms—Farm Waste Management". Agricultural Wastes 18, nr 2 (styczeń 1986): 173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-4607(86)90011-9.

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Rangel, Jaime, José A. Espinosa, Carmen De Pablos-Heredero, José Rivas, José Perea, Elena Angón i Antón García-Martínez. "Is the increase of scale in the tropics a pathway to smallholders? Dimension and ecological zone effect on the mixed crop-livestock farms". Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 15, nr 2 (6.06.2017): e0109. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2017152-9561.

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Mixed crop-livestock farms are widely spread in different tropical regions in the world; they contribute to food security, rural development, sustainability and poverty alleviation. The effect of scale on performance of dual purpose (DP) cattle farms was evaluated in two Mexican ecological zones: dry (DT) and wet tropics (WT). In 2011, a questionnaire of 184 items distributed into technical and social characteristics was applied to a representative sample of 3,285 farms with 50 or less cows (0.97%). The farms were classified into three groups according to their dimension: very small (1-9 cows), small (10-19 cows) and medium (20-50 cows). A general linear model (GLM) with two factors and their interactions was applied. Significant effects in dimension and ecological zone were found as well as seven interactions between both factors (p<0.05). Native pastures were used in all farms for grazing. However, small farms’ herds frequently grazed on cultivated pastures and on crop residues (p<0.05). Medium farms showed the highest grazing surface, but in the WT silage and green fodder were used while in the DT dry fodders were used (p<0.001). The interactions between factors showed a bigger specialization in milk production in DT farms, whereas WT farms were more specialized in meat production. The mixed crop-livestock system in tropic region requires an increase in herd size according to farm’s own productive structure, which is strongly influenced by the ecological zone. The systems would improve with the active participation of smallholders to identify and achieve best practices, higher technological adoption level and with an effective support from public and private Institutions.

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Scheijen, Ciska P. J., Shane A. Richards, Josephine Smit, Trevor Jones i Katarzyna Nowak. "Efficacy of beehive fences as barriers to African elephants: a case study in Tanzania". Oryx 53, nr 1 (21.05.2018): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605317001727.

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AbstractNon-lethal mitigation of crop use by elephants Loxodonta africana is an increasingly important part of protected area management across Africa and Asia. Recently, beehive fences have been suggested as a potential mitigation strategy. We tested the effectiveness of this method in a farming community adjacent to Udzungwa Mountains National Park in southern Tanzania. Over a 5.5-year period (2010–2016) a beehive fence was introduced and subsequently extended along the Park boundary. The probability that one or more farms experienced crop loss from elephants on a given day was reduced in the presence of the fence and was reduced further as the fence was extended. The number of hives occupied by bees along the fence was the best predictor of elephants’ visits to farms. Farms closest to the fence experienced a greater likelihood of damage, particularly during the initial period when the fence was shorter. The number of farms affected by elephants declined when the fence was extended. There was a higher probability of damage on farms that were closer to the Park boundary and further from a road. Our mixed results suggest that the shape, length and location of fences need to be carefully planned because changes in a farm's long-term susceptibility to elephant damage vary between individual farms; fences need to be long enough to be effective and ensure that decreasing crop loss frequency is not outweighed by an increasing number of farms damaged per visit.

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Klapoushchak, D. S., i Yu M. Pavliuchenko. "FARMS AND FAMILY FARMS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS". Juridical scientific and electronic journal, nr 5 (2024): 255–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2524-0374/2024-5/61.

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Yang, Yinsheng, Qianwei Zhuang, Guangdong Tian i Silin Wei. "A Management and Environmental Performance Evaluation of China’s Family Farms Using an Ultimate Comprehensive Cross-Efficiency Model (UCCE)". Sustainability 11, nr 1 (20.12.2018): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010006.

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Family farm emerged as a new form of agricultural production organization in China in recent years. For the purpose of sustainable development, decision-makers, such as farm owners and policy makers, require the precise information of a family farm’s state of operation to adopt measures for management improvement and agricultural contamination reduction. Considering this, we established two evaluation systems for the measurement of family farms’ management and environmental performance. As demonstrated in several recent studies, data envelopment analysis (DEA) cross efficiency is a useful approach for evaluating and comparing the performance of decision-making units (DMUs). Regarding family farms’ performance evaluation issues, we modified the traditional average cross-efficiency method to be the ultimate comprehensive cross-efficiency approach with the integration of two statistical quantities based on the full consideration of family farms’ unique features, such as vulnerability and seasonality, resulting from the influence of natural and social factors. Our proposed approach presents more excellent characteristics compared with CCR efficiency and average cross efficiency. Several conclusions regarding the operation of China’s family farms are drawn: (i) there is weak positive correlation between family farms’ management and environmental performance; (ii) there is an increasing trend for both management and environmental efficiency, along with the augmentation of the utilized agricultural area of family farms, and management performance is therefore more significant; (iii) demand for timely technological instruction to improve family farms’ management efficiency is expressed by farm owners who are willing to expand; (iv) to improve family farms’ environmental performance, several measures—such as introducing biotechnology, providing subsidies, and environmental education for farmers—should be adopted.

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Dono, Gabriele, Rebecca Buttinelli i Raffaele Cortignani. "Financial performance of connected Agribusiness activities in Italian agriculture". Bio-based and Applied Economics 11, nr 2 (30.08.2022): 147–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/bae-12211.

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The Rural Development Policy combines measures that favour the growth of the productive dimension of farms and their specialization, and measures aimed at supporting diversification paths, with the expansion of the productive functions performed. The evaluation of the economic and financial results of farms engaged in activities of the second type can help to calibrate the intervention between the two options. To this end, we have studied a constant sample of FADN farms in the period 2014-2016, identifying the units engaged in organic farming or other forms of quality production, or engaged in direct sales or processing of their products or, again, in the management of farmhouses. We discuss the condition of financial sustainability of the farms involved in those activities by evaluating their ability to generate cash flows to offset for the depreciation of the farm production system. We used the ratio Free Cash Flow on Equity on Depreciation to compare the results of farms engaged in those activities and farms which are limited to conventional agriculture. The analysis of this comparison and of some structural, technical, and economic characteristics of the farms involved in those types of activities resulted in various considerations on their characteristics and conditions of financial sustainability. Our attention has focused above all on the financial results of farms within the sectors of Italian agriculture in greater financial difficulty. The main objective was, in fact, to verify whether to diversify the farm’s commitment with these activities has contributed to improving the financial sustainability in those agricultural sectors. Various considerations have arisen that can help fine-tune policies to support the types of diversification examined in this study.

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Vokhmyakov, K. K., i I. V. Romanov. "Use of fallow lands to create new farm (peasant) farms". Sel'skohozjajstvennaja tehnika: obsluzhivanie i remont (Agricultural Machinery: Service and Repair), nr 12 (1.12.2021): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-10-2112-01.

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The organizational mechanism of the implementation of the Subprogram "Support of small forms of management" is proposed due to the development of fallow lands and the creation of cooperatives on these lands from newly created farms (peasant) farms.

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Calus, Mieke, Guido Van Huylenbroeck i Dirk Van Lierde. "The Relationship between Farm Succession and Farm Assets on Belgian Farms". Sociologia Ruralis 48, nr 1 (styczeń 2008): 38–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.2008.00448.x.

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Vennell, Ross, i Thomas A. A. Adcock. "Energy storage inherent in large tidal turbine farms". Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 470, nr 2166 (8.06.2014): 20130580. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2013.0580.

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While wind farms have no inherent storage to supply power in calm conditions, this paper demonstrates that large tidal turbine farms in channels have short-term energy storage. This storage lies in the inertia of the oscillating flow and can be used to exceed the previously published upper limit for power production by currents in a tidal channel, while simultaneously maintaining stronger currents. Inertial storage exploits the ability of large farms to manipulate the phase of the oscillating currents by varying the farm's drag coefficient. This work shows that by optimizing how a large farm's drag coefficient varies during the tidal cycle it is possible to have some flexibility about when power is produced. This flexibility can be used in many ways, e.g. producing more power, or to better meet short predictable peaks in demand. This flexibility also allows trading total power production off against meeting peak demand, or mitigating the flow speed reduction owing to power extraction. The effectiveness of inertial storage is governed by the frictional time scale relative to either the duration of a half tidal cycle or the duration of a peak in power demand, thus has greater benefits in larger channels.

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Lowder, Sarah K., Jakob Skoet i Terri Raney. "The Number, Size, and Distribution of Farms, Smallholder Farms, and Family Farms Worldwide". World Development 87 (listopad 2016): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.10.041.

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Čačić, Mato, Zoran Grgić, Marija Špehar, Branka Šakić Bobić, Nina Karapandža Karlović, Ivana Čačić i Ante Ivanković. "Economic use of male calves in dairy farms". Stočarstvo 77, nr 1-2 (19.06.2023): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33128/s.77.1-2.1.

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Dio teladi oteljenih na mliječnim farmama ili je neprikladan ili nije potreban za zamjenu muznog stada i kao višak se prodajom izlučuje iz uzgoja. U cilju utvrđivanja modela korištenja muške i križane teladi u mliječnim farmama u sustavu kontrole mliječnosti u Republici Hrvatskoj, anketirano je 1717 upravitelja mliječnih farmi. Najvećim dijelom muška telad prodaje se kao sisajuća ili mlada telad, a samo 26,6 % farmi je telad zadržalo u tovu do kategorije utovljene junadi. Prosječna dob pri prodaji je iznosila 47 dana, a do 30 dana starosti mušku telad je prodalo 56,8 % farmi. Očekivano, holštajn muška telad prodaje se ranije u odnosu na mušku telad drugih mliječnih pasmina. Pasmina ima veliki utjecaj na prodajnu dob i cijenu muške teladi, a simentalska telad je prodavana po najvećoj cijeni i u najstarijoj dobi. Velike farme ranije prodaju mušku telad, a između veličine muznog stada i dobi pri prodaji utvrđena je negativna korelacija (p<0,01). Muška telad prodavana je po prosječnoj cijeni od 332,14 €, a prodajna cijena bila je usko povezana s pasminom i dužinom uzgoja teladi na farmi. Prodajna cijena i razdoblje zadržavanja muške teladi na farmi razlikovala se između regija u kojoj se farme nalaze. Razlike u prosječnoj prodajnoj cijeni prema županijama rezultat su različitih pasminskih struktura i veličina muznih stada na mliječnim farmama. Utvrđeno je da na modele ekonomskog korištenja muške teladi značajan utjecaj imaju pasmina, veličina farme i regija u kojoj se farme nalaze.

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Lillywhite, Jay M., i Michael Duffy. "Multifamily farms and America's farm structure: A new perspective on an old issue". American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 16, nr 4 (grudzień 2001): 184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s088918930000919x.

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AbstractThis study examined the extent and nature of multifamily farms in Iowa. Based on a random sample phone survey conducted in 1997, it was found that over one-fourth (26%) of Iowa's farms would be classified as multifamily farms. Multifamily farms showed significant differences from their single-family farm counterparts in several areas. They tended to have younger operators and larger operations, and the operators were more likely to consider farming as their principal occupation. In addition, they had more diverse operations and generated larger farm and family incomes. The farms were further classified based on their annual sales. As expected, non-commercial farms (sales less than $50,000) had the lowest percentage of multifamily farms (21%). Smallcommercial farms with sales from $50,000 to $250,000 were 30% multifamily, while large-commercial farms were 35% multifamily. The study also addressed whether or not policy restrictions based on age and income would discriminate against farms due to the multifamily farm phenomenon. A logit regression analysis was performed to determine if a multifamily structure was significant in predicting whether or not a farm was small. The results showed that multifamily relations were not a significant predictor. A growing phenomenon in U.S. agriculture, namely the multifamily farm, was examined. A significant percentage of Iowa farms was found to be multifamily. There were many differences between multifamily and single-family farms, but these differences did not display any predictive power. More research is needed in order to understand multifamily farms, a structure that will likely continue to grow and influence U.S. agriculture and outreach programs.

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Ermolenko, A. N., E. E. Aуshpur, I. U. Mushtuk, V. V. Gumeniuk, V. V. Ukhovskyi i V. V. Hlebeniuk. "Lawsonia intracellularis seroprevalence among the pig farm livestock of Ukraine". Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine 8, nr 4 (2020): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32819/2020.84038.

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To study the seroprevalence of Lawsonia intracellularis among the pig livestock of Ukraine. The research was conducted in the laboratories of the Institute of Veterinary Medicine of NAAS and in pig farms. Were studied 653 samples of pigs’ serum of different age groups from17 pig farms with breeding stock of 40 456 sows. To study seroprevalence was used a test system for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on monoclonal antibodies bioScreen Ileitis Antibody Test ELISA Svanovir®Lawsonia intracellularis (Boehringer Ingelheim Svanova). Serological tests have provided evidence that the pathogen was circulating in the herd. According to the research results, 46.4% of seropositive animals were found. Seropositive pigs were found in all studied farms, namely – among sows – 74.0%, replacement gilts – 79.6%, growing pigs – 2.5% and fattening pigs – 59.8%. The high level of seroprevalence among replacement gilts and sows of the 1st farrowing indicates the circulation of the pathogen in the herd, as well as the manifestation of morbidity in the fattening group, where was the highest rate of positive serum samples. From the 17 examined farms, only one farm was found where no seropositive animals were detected. According to our observations, proliferative enteropathy in pigs of Ukrainian pig farms has signs of chronic course, especially it is common in pig farms that import replacement gilts from abroad, where antibiotics are prohibited or restricted in donor farms. The results of serological tests allowed us to reconfirm that the spread of the disease is increasing in Ukrainian pig farms. Compared to 2015, the percentage of seropositive animals increased by almost 10%. The typical serological profile for Lawsonia intracellularis which is characteristic of our studied farms allowed us to conclude for which age groups of pigs and for which technological period of raising swine it is necessary to develop and implement measures for treatment and disease prevention. To control the disease, it is highly recommended to conduct constant monitoring of the farm’s well-being against ileitis (send, in addition to faecal samples for PCR testing, also serum for ELISA testing).

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SHRESTHA, S., M. ABDALLA, T. HENNESSY, D. FORRISTAL i M. B. JONES. "Irish farms under climate change – is there a regional variation on farm responses?" Journal of Agricultural Science 153, nr 3 (1.05.2014): 385–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859614000331.

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SUMMARYThe current paper aims to determine regional impacts of climate change on Irish farms examining the variation in farm responses. A set of crop growth models were used to determine crop and grass yields under a baseline scenario and a future climate scenario. These crop and grass yields were used along with farm-level data taken from the Irish National Farm Survey in an optimizing farm-level (farm-level linear programming) model, which maximizes farm profits under limiting resources. A change in farm net margins under the climate change scenario compared to the baseline scenario was taken as a measure to determine the effect of climate change on farms. The growth models suggested a decrease in cereal crop yields (up to 9%) but substantial increase in yields of forage maize (up to 97%) and grass (up to 56%) in all regions. Farms in the border, midlands and south-east regions suffered, whereas farms in all other regions generally fared better under the climate change scenario used in the current study. The results suggest that there is a regional variability between farms in their responses to the climate change scenario. Although substituting concentrate feed with grass feeds is the main adaptation on all livestock farms, the extent of such substitution differs between farms in different regions. For example, large dairy farms in the south-east region adopted total substitution of concentrate feed while similar dairy farms in the south-west region opted to replace only 0·30 of concentrate feed. Farms in most of the regions benefitted from increasing stocking rate, except for sheep farms in the border and dairy farms in the south-east regions. The tillage farms in the mid-east region responded to the climate change scenario by shifting arable production to beef production on farms.

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Hoischen-Taubner, Susanne, Jonas Habel, Verena Uhlig, Eva-Marie Schwabenbauer, Theresa Rumphorst, Lara Ebert, Detlev Möller i Albert Sundrum. "The Whole and the Parts—A New Perspective on Production Diseases and Economic Sustainability in Dairy Farming". Sustainability 13, nr 16 (12.08.2021): 9044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169044.

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The levels of production diseases (PD) and the cow replacement rate are high in dairy farming. They indicate excessive production demands on the cow and a poor state of animal welfare. This is the subject of increasing public debate. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of production diseases on the economic sustainability of dairy farms. The contributions of individual culled cows to the farm’s economic performance were calculated, based on milk recording and accounting data from 32 farms in Germany. Cows were identified as ‘profit cows’ when they reached their individual ‘break-even point’. Data from milk recordings (yield and indicators for PD) were used to cluster farms by means of a principal component and a cluster analysis. The analysis revealed five clusters of farms. The average proportion of profit cows was 57.5%, 55.6%, 44.1%, 29.4% and 19.5%. Clusters characterized by a high proportion of cows with metabolic problems and high culling and mortality rates had lower proportions of profit cows, somewhat irrespective of the average milk-yield per cow. Changing the perception of PD from considering it as collateral damage to a threat to the farms’ economic viability might foster change processes to reduce production diseases.

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Fuetsch, Elena. "What Drives Innovation in Family Farms? The Roles of Socioemotional Wealth and Diverse Information Sources". European Journal of Family Business 12, nr 2 (17.11.2022): 184–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/ejfbejfb.v12i2.13881.

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Family business literature barely addresses family farms and their innovation behavior. Innovation can be key to mitigate typical threats family farms are faced with, e.g., global competition and climate change. This article investigates socioemotional wealth (SEW) and diversity of information sources as innovation drivers. It also explores the role of diversity of information sources as a moderator. A sample of 911 family farms was used for linear regression analysis. The SEW dimension identification of the family members with the farm positively affects the implementation of innovation measures because the stronger the family members identify with the business, the more important is it for them to preserve the identity endowments. Since innovation is a way to do that, strong identification will motivate family members to innovate. Diversity of information sources is also positively linked to innovation measures. However, it has a negative moderating effect on the relationship between identification and innovation measures. While diverse information sources seem to increase a family farm’s ability to innovate by supporting the opportunity identification and utilization, it can also mitigate the farms willingness to innovate when information is ambiguous. The study integrates knowledge from agricultural, innovation and family business research and contributes to a better understanding of the peculiar business type “family farms” and SEW as a multidimensional concept.

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OLEWNICKI, DAWID, i ANNA SOBCZAK. "SUPPLY OF FARM INPUTS ON FARMS IN MAZOWIECKIE VOIVODSHIP". sj-economics scientific journal 26, nr 3 (30.11.2017): 152–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.58246/sjeconomics.v26i3.166.

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The aim of research was to evaluate the supply of farm inputs in agricultural farms from the Mazowieckie Voivodeship. The research shows that farmers most often choose agricultural stores and wholesalers. On the other hand, in the case of fixed assets, the most common place of purchase are wholesalers. The most common form of purchase is also contact with a salesrepresentative. In the Internet era, an increasingly popular form of procurement is online ordering. Research also indicated that in the past three years, the most frequently purchased fixed assets were agricultural tractors, which acquired as much as 40% of the farms surveyed.

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Sinclair, E. R. "A COMPUTER-BASED FARM-MANAGEMENT PACKAGE FOR PINEAPPLE FARMS". Acta Horticulturae, nr 334 (październik 1993): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1993.334.19.

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Nurmet, Maire, i Raul Omel. "ECONOMIC VIABILITY BY FARM SIZE OF ESTONIAN FAMILY FARMS". Problems of Agricultural Economics 362, nr 1 (16.03.2020): 14–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30858/zer/118265.

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Gilbert. "Comment: Family Farms, Agricultural Policy, and Small-Farm Essentialism". Agricultural History 95, nr 2 (2021): 971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3098/ah.2021.095.2.371.

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Dawson, P. J., i J. Lingard. "MEASURING FARM EFFICIENCY OVER TIME ON PHILIPPINE RICE FARMS". Journal of Agricultural Economics 40, nr 2 (maj 1989): 168–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9552.1989.tb01096.x.

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Meert, H., G. Van Huylenbroeck, T. Vernimmen, M. Bourgeois i E. van Hecke. "Farm household survival strategies and diversification on marginal farms". Journal of Rural Studies 21, nr 1 (styczeń 2005): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2004.08.007.

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Busby, Graham, i Samantha Rendle. "The transition from tourism on farms to farm tourism". Tourism Management 21, nr 6 (grudzień 2000): 635–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0261-5177(00)00011-x.

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Vadas, Peter A., J. Mark Powell, Geoff E. Brink, Dennis L. Busch i Laura W. Good. "Whole-farm phosphorus loss from grazing-based dairy farms". Agricultural Systems 140 (listopad 2015): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2015.08.007.

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Wurst, LouAnn. "Fixing Farms: Pondering Farm Scenes from the Vanity Press". Historical Archaeology 41, nr 1 (marzec 2007): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03376994.

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Plaizier, J. C., G. Legesse, K. H. Ominski i D. Flaten. "Whole-farm budgets of phosphorus and potassium on dairy farms in Manitoba". Canadian Journal of Animal Science 94, nr 1 (marzec 2014): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas2013-089.

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Plaizier, J. C., Legesse, G., Ominski, K. H. and Flaten, D. 2014. Whole-farm budgets of phosphorus and potassium on dairy farms in Manitoba. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 94: 119–128. Whole-farm budgets of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were determined on 10 dairy farms in Manitoba between October 2010 and October 2011. These budgets were determined as the difference between total exports, including milk, animals, feed, and manure, and total imports, including feed, manure, animals, and inorganic fertilizer, for each farm. Farms differed in their feeding and manure management strategies. Two farms imported all their feed and exported all their manure. Other farms produced some of their feed and spread most of their manure on their farm. Whole-farm P and K budgets varied from −0.42 to 3.35 and from −1.31 to 11.27 g kg−1 milk sold among farms, respectively. Efficiencies of P and K utilization were calculated as the exports as a percentage of imports. The P efficiency averaged 48%, and ranged from 22.1 to 109% among farms. The K efficiency averaged 37%, and ranged from 10 to 98% among farms. In the fall of 2010 and 2011, 94 and 98%, of fields sampled had soil test P concentrations lower than the concentration above which further accumulation of P would be regulated (60 ppm). Of the farms that spread their own manure, the highest P and K efficiency were on a farm that exported a proportion of the produced forages and did not import any inorganic fertilizer. The lowest P and K efficiencies were on a farm that imported concentrate feeds, bedding straw and most forages, and had the smallest land base per milking cow to spread manure. Variations in P and K efficiencies demonstrate opportunities to enhance these efficiencies.

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Hart, John Fraser. "Nonfarm Farms". Geographical Review 82, nr 2 (kwiecień 1992): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/215430.

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Yeh, G. P. "Computing farms". Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 453, nr 1-2 (październik 2000): 417–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(00)00675-6.

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Kay, Bettye Ruth. "Bittersweet Farms". Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 20, nr 3 (wrzesień 1990): 309–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02206544.

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