Książki: „Fairness issues”

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Tony, Spinks, red. The equal opportunities guide: How to deal with everyday issues of unfairness. London: Kogan Page, 1994.

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Congress, Trades Union. Fairness at work and inter-union relations: An issues note. London: Trades Union Congress, 1999.

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Schafran, Lynn Hecht. Promoting gender fairness through judicial education: A guide to the issues and resources. Washington, D.C: Women Judges' Fund for Justice, 1989.

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Battery, National Research Council (U S. ). Committee on the General Aptitude Test. Fairness in employment testing: Validity generalization, minority issues, and the General Aptitude Test Battery. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1989.

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Institute of Policy Studies (Colombo, Sri Lanka), red. Private hospital health care delivery in Sri Lanka: Some issues on equity, fairness, and regulation. Colombo: Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka, 2013.

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Edward, Clements Phillip, i Spinks Tony, red. The equal opportunities handbook: How to deal with everyday issues of unfairness. Wyd. 3. London: Kogan Page, 2000.

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Tony, Spinks, i Clements Phillip Edward, red. The equal opportunities handbook: How to deal with everyday issues of unfairness. Wyd. 4. London: Kogan Page, 2006.

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The Bowl Championship Series: Money and other issues of fairness for publicly financed universities : hearing before the Subcommittee on Commerce, Trade, and Consumer Protection of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, first session, May 1, 2009. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2012.

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S, Gottfredson Linda, i Sharf James C, red. Fairness in employment testing: A special issue of the Journal of Vocational Behavior. San Diego: Academic Press, 1988.

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Karami, Hossein. Fairness Issues in Educational Assessment. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315626765.

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Karami, Hossein. Fairness Issues in Educational Assessment. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.

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Karami, Hossein. Fairness Issues in Educational Assessment. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.

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Karami, Hossein. Fairness Issues in Educational Assessment. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.

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Karami, Hossein. Fairness Issues in Educational Assessment. Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.

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Karami, Hossein. Fairness Issues in Educational Assessment. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.

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Karami, Hossein. Fairness Issues in Educational Assessment. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.

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Leadership and Fairness Special Issues of the European Journal of Work and Organizat. Psychology Press, 2008.

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Fairness at Work and the Psychological Contract (Issues in People Management). Chartered Institute of Personnel & Development, 1998.

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Poehner, Matthew E. Addressing Issues of Access and Fairness in Education through Dynamic Assessment. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315829432.

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Rea-Dickins, Pauline, i Matthew E. Poehner. Addressing Issues of Access and Fairness in Education Through Dynamic Assessment. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.

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Rea-Dickins, Pauline, i Matthew E. Poehner. Addressing Issues of Access and Fairness in Education Through Dynamic Assessment. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.

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Rea-Dickins, Pauline, i Matthew E. Poehner. Addressing Issues of Access and Fairness in Education Through Dynamic Assessment. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.

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Rea-Dickins, Pauline, i Matthew E. Poehner. Addressing Issues of Access and Fairness in Education Through Dynamic Assessment. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.

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Addressing Issues of Access and Fairness in Education Through Dynamic Assessment. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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Powers, Madison. Food, Fairness, and Global Markets. Redaktorzy Anne Barnhill, Mark Budolfson i Tyler Doggett. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199372263.013.26.

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This chapter examines issues of fairness in the organization of global agricultural markets. The discussion begins with a survey of the challenges in feeding the world and the debates between “market fundamentalists” who defend strongly pro-market, pro-globalization approaches and critics who deny that such challenges can be addressed fairly through markets alone or through particular forms of market organization. Conceptions of fairness that market fundamentalists and critics alike agree upon, as well as additional norms of fairness defended by critics, are applied to four prominent aspects of global market organization in the agricultural sector. They include: trade subsidies and protectionist restrictions, economic development strategies that often leave lesser developed nations caught in a commodity trap, supply-chain management though contract agriculture, and patterns of large-scale farmland acquisition known as the global land grab.

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Brandão, Martim, Martin Magnusson i Masoumeh Mansouri, red. Responsible Robotics: Identifying and Addressing Issues of Ethics, Fairness, Accountability, Transparency, Privacy and Employment. Frontiers Media SA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88976-573-7.

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Hartigan, John A. Fairness in Employment Testing: Validity Generalization, Minority Issues, and the General Aptitude Test Battery. Natl Academy Pr, 1989.

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Kious, Brent M. Justice, Fairness, and Mental Health Care. Redaktorzy John Z. Sadler, K. W. M. Fulford i Cornelius Werendly van Staden. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198732365.013.37.

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What justice requires of society with respect to health care and, more specifically, with respect to the treatment of the mentally ill, is a pressing philosophical and practical question. A natural approach to answering this question is to begin with the work of John Rawls, who has articulated one of the most comprehensive and influential modern theories of justice. I explore the basic outlines of Rawls’s theory and examine multiple attempts to apply it to health care, examining issues specific to the just allocation of mental health care where they arise. I argue that, though Rawls’s view and its derivates offer compelling reasons to think that justice requires a society to provide health care to its mentally ill citizens, they provide little guidance regarding how extensive the claims of the mentally ill on a society’s resources should be.

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Ensuring Fairness in Health Care Coverage: An Employer's Guide to Making Good Decisions on Tough Issues. AMACOM/American Management Association, 2006.

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Geisinger, Kurt F., i Jessica L. Jonson. Fairness Issues and Solutions in Educational and Psychological Testing: Implications for Researchers, Practitioners, Policy Makers, and the Public. Unknown Publisher, 2022.

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Ignaz, Stegmiller. Part V Fairness and Expeditiousness of ICC Proceedings, 35 Confirmation of Charges. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198705161.003.0035.

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This chapter assesses the judicial efficiency of the ICC’s confirmation of charges proceedings. It reviews existing jurisprudence and addresses aspects of the adversarial nature of the proceedings, including disclosure and other procedural issues. It examines the impact of current practice on pre-trial preparation, the conduct of trials, and the overall duration of ICC proceedings. Particular emphasis is placed on the relationship between pre-trial and trial proceedings, including analysis of the post-confirmation modification of legal characterizations (Regulation 55 of the Regulations of the Court) and its importance for the design of the confirmation phase. The chapter concludes that future confirmation hearings and amendments should focus on judicial efficiency and the limited purpose of the hearing, which is submitting charges on trial or denying a confirmation on the basis of a considerably low legal threshold.

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Jonson, Jessica L. Fairness in Educational and Psychological Testing: Examining Theoretical, Research, Practice, and Policy Implications of the 2014 Standards. Redaktor Kurt F. Geisinger. American Educational Research Association, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/9780935302967.

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This book examines scholarship, best practice methodologies, and examples of policy and practice from various professional fields in education and psychology to illuminate the elevated emphasis on test fairness in the 2014 Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing. Together, the chapters provide a survey of critical and current issues with a view to broadening and contextualizing the fairness guidelines for different types of tests, test takers, and testing contexts. Researchers and practitioners from school psychology, clinical/counseling psychology, industrial/organizational psychology, and education will find the content useful in thinking more acutely about fairness in testing in their work. The book also has chapters that address implications for policy makers, and, in some cases, the public. These discussions are offered as a starting point for future scholarship on the theoretical, empirical, and applied aspects of fairness in testing particularly given the ever-increasing importance of addressing equity in testing.

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Conor, McCarthy. Part V Fairness and Expeditiousness of ICC Proceedings, 46 The Rome Statute’s Regime of Victim Redress: Challenges and Prospects. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198705161.003.0046.

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This Chapter examines the ICC framework of victim redress. It explores the character of the Statute’s reparations regime, asking how the regime is properly characterized in legal terms. It identifies a number of key issues which arise in respect of the relationship between the Statute’s regime of victim redress as a whole and national legal systems, in particular, the question of complementarity and victim redress. It argues that reparations are not simply a specific form of humanitarian relief or charitable assistance. It claims that the ICC needs to strike a proper balance between the principled need for fairness and consistency in the treatment of victims, and the need for efficiency and expeditious delivery of redress. Proper procedures, including verification and monitoring arrangements, are necessary to ensure that the overall role of reparations arrangements is respected.

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Håkan, Friman. Part V Fairness and Expeditiousness of ICC Proceedings, 36 Trial Procedures—With a Particular Focus on the Relationship between the Proceedings of the Pre-Trial and Trial Chambers. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198705161.003.0036.

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The length of proceedings before the ICC has been an issue of concern. ICC proceedings at pre-trial and trial have been slow and can be improved. Based on a study of existing cases (e.g. Lubanga, Katanga and Ngudjolo Chui), this chapter highlights some areas that deserve closer review, in particular, consistency and coordination between the Pre-Trial and Trial Chambers, both of which are engaged in trial preparations. The chapter shows that the current combination of the two procedural stages is dysfunctional, and argues that the centre of gravity in criminal proceedings should be the first-instance trial, while the confirmation hearing should be seen as a supplementary process. The space of the Pre-Trial Chamber to prepare trial by resolving issues of disclosure, redactions, or admissibility of evidence is rather limited.

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Van Den Bos, Kees. Conclusions and Limitations. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190657345.003.0010.

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Chapter 10 discusses conceptual implications that scientists and others may learn from this book. The chapter also discusses important limitations of what is presented here. This discussion is presented in such a way that future researchers can derive testable hypotheses from it that can be examined in future research studies. The chapter also discusses the limitations of the approach, perspectives, and standpoints ventilated here, including the important issues that may be missed in this book. The chapter discusses how to define the various concepts pertaining to radicalization, the relevance and strength of the general models presented here, the prediction of concrete instances of radicalization, and the importance of social media and Internet communication about fairness issues.

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Mncube, Liberty, Thulani Mandiriza i Michelle Viljoen. Crafting Creative Competition Remedies in South Africa. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810674.003.0010.

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In South Africa, the pursuit of distributive justice is eminently permissible if not compelled by South African Competition Law and its unique responsiveness to issues of distributional equity and fairness. For example, in merger regulation the Competition Act permits consideration of equity issues such as empowerment, employment, and concern for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The Walmart/Massmart case illustrates how the competition authorities have implemented public interest provisions in merger control, while the Pioneer Foods settlement provides an example of crafting creative remedies to restore competition and at the same time pursue distributive justice. As we explain in more detail in the chapter, these two cases show how the competition authorities pursue equity issues such as empowerment, employment, and concern for small and medium-sized enterprises, as well as promote competition.

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Stephens, Keri K. Negotiating Mobile Control. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190625504.003.0003.

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In the late 1990s and early 2000s, mobile use started expanding. From Nokia phones to BlackBerrys, these business tools often were considered status symbols—so it’s natural that control issues emerged. This chapter discusses some cultural-differences data, along with the gut-wrenching decisions that Kjell, a Norwegian entrepreneur, and Matt, a Wall Street Journal executive, had to make concerning whose jobs warranted mobile devices. These managers wrestled with issues of productivity, budgeting, fairness, mooching, and status. The chapter shows what happens when there’s a “boss in your pocket,” as well as the temptation to work all weekend when “sent from my iPhone” appears at the bottom of a message at 6 p.m. on Friday evening. This chapter invites readers to consider issues of hierarchical control and what happens when some workers are accessible 24/7.

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Jardine, Cara. Eroding Legitimacy? The Impact of Imprisonment on the Relationships between Families, Communities, and the Criminal Justice System. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810087.003.0011.

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This chapter attempts to address the issues about the role of criminal justice agencies within prisoners’ families and communities, and how social inequalities consequently become heightened and entrenched, through the conceptual lens of legitimacy. It considers the idea that prison officers cannot simply impose their authority. Rather, the terms of these power relations should be defined by clear rules, consented to by prisoners, and also justifiable from their perspective. These arguments are instructive in this chapter as they highlight the importance of justice, fairness, and respect in achieving legitimacy. They also reveal the damaging effects when these qualities are absent from seemingly ‘everyday’ interactions.

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Sharif, Shamshuritawati. Quantitative methods & their application in multidisciplinary area. UUM Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/9789670876504.

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This book is a guide for researchers who are involved in statistical and decision science analyses.Both analyses are explained in detail with samples of real applications in daily life to assist readers to appreciate theoretical and mathematical formulations. It covers a wide variety of applications, including economic issues, i.e., stock markets, quality control in the garment industry, customer satisfaction in the banking industry, experimental design in electronic firms, performance of university web portals, daily fat intake, the optimization of shrimp catching activities, meal planning for nurseries and as well as fairness model in economic games.Understanding these analyses can assist researchers to prepare research reports and manuscripts more efficiently.

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Yeeles, Ksenija. Informal coercion: current evidence. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198788065.003.0006.

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This chapter considers non-legislative pressures in mental health community treatment, reviews the current body of evidence, and offers recommendations for future research. It attempts to clarify terminology on treatment pressures including different forms of ‘leverage’ such as housing, financial, criminal justice, childcare leverages, and perceived coercion. Based on a scoping review the chapter portrays current international evidence on prevalence, predictors, and outcomes of informal coercion (for example persuasion, interpersonal leverage, inducement, threats, and force) in both quantitative and qualitative studies with patients, with attention to the issues of the perception of fairness and the effectiveness of treatment, financial incentives to improve adherence, and sources of informal coercion. It also discusses common limitations and recommendations for future research.

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Hel, Virginia. The Ethics of Care. Redaktor Serena Olsaretti. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199645121.013.12.

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The focus of normative political theory in recent decades has been overwhelmingly on distributive justice. Developed for institutions within national societies, questions of justice and fairness have also dominated consideration of the global problems that morality ought to address. For matters of war and peace, just war theory has been central; for other issues, distributive justice. This “justice-dominated discourse,” greatly influenced by the work of John Rawls, is now being challenged by the alternative outlook of the ethics of care. Care ethics began to be developed in the last quarter of the twentieth century by feminist moral and political theorists, and its development continues. This chapter looks at this alternative view and some of its implications.

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Briggs, Andrew, Hans Halvorson i Andrew Steane. Learning from the Bible. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808282.003.0019.

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Some of the difficulties of handling the Bible are discussed. These involve correctly discerning the genre of each part, the questions to which any given text is addressed, the limited knowledge of the writers, for example about natural phenomena, and moral objections. Such issues are handled by bringing to bear what wisdom we can, as a community of readers. It is merely correct to admit that the literary genre is varied and includes polemic and storytelling alongside history, sometimes woven together. When remarkable events are recounted, it is proper to bring science and archeology to bear, and aim to be fair to the text. The history of violence should be handled even more carefully, so as not to promote attitudes that lead to violence in the present. This can be done through careful reflection which foregrounds issues of fairness, and how injustice is properly opposed.

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Lippert-Rasmussen, Kasper. ‘(Luck and Relational) Egalitarians of the World, Unite!’. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813972.003.0004.

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In recent years, egalitarian political philosophy has been marred by a family dispute between luck and relational egalitarianism. This chapter presents a certain view about what constitutes the core difference and disagreement between the two views. This enables us to set aside a number of issues, e.g., the role of responsibility, which are better discussed as intraluck or intrasocial relational egalitarian issues. Second, a defense is made of a guarded reductionist claim that any objectionable inegalitarian social relation can be analyzed as an unequal distribution of a relevantly related social good. Third, the chapter ends with a proposal of an ecumenical egalitarian theory that incorporates insights from both views, as well as a third egalitarian view: dispositional egalitarianism, which seems implicit in Samuel Scheffler’s work. A specific luck-ist version of the ecumenical view, which is grounded in the value of fairness, is tentatively suggested.

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et, Mokal. Principles and Objectives Guiding the Modular Approach to MSME Insolvency. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198799931.003.0003.

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This chapter identifies the fundamental principles that underpin the resolution of insolvency for smaller businesses, and considers how those principles can guide the development and implementation of an approach responsive to the particular challenges faced by MSMEs. Fairness is the foundation of the Modular Approach, which seeks to systemize and generalize its requirements across the entire range of responses to MSME distress. The Approach pursues this objective by ensuring that the principles enshrined in insolvency law accord equal concern to the interests of all those stakeholders affected by issues peculiar to insolvency. Such principles must guide the creation of insolvency law tools and processes while reflecting each society’s policy choices within the complex combination of corporate, employment, environmental, property, tax, tort, and welfare laws, within which insolvency law must find its place.

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Retallack, James. Deflecting Democracy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199668786.003.0010.

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This chapter offers a thematic, not chronological, treatment of suffrage issues. It examines how electorates grow, shrink, or become divided. It does so by considering the processes of democratization from comparative perspectives, arguing that a German suffrage discourse was part of a larger transnational conversation about electoral fairness. At the outset a number of non-German cases of expanding voting rights are examined, followed by a survey of suffrage reforms in German states outside Saxony, including the particularly important three-class system in Prussia. Next, this chapter examines models for suffrage reform put forward by Saxon politicians, statisticians, and others. Saxon statesmen and their suffrage experts had a wide range of options to choose from in attempting to devise a modern but “safe” voting law for their Landtag. They drew eclectically from international, German, and Saxon recipes for change.

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Diamond, Shari Seidman. Coping with Modern Challenges and Anticipating the Future of Criminal Jury Trials. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190658113.003.0014.

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This chapter analyzes how researchers and courts can cope with modern challenges for 21st-century criminal jury trials and discusses what should be expected from criminal juries and future jury research. The chapter asks how a receptive legal system interested in making changes to maximize the fairness of criminal jury trials might respond. It reviews the important themes and massive empirical literature that this remarkable collection presents in vivid and thoughtful detail, highlighting the persistent issues of race and ethnicity, as well as new challenges and opportunities that have accompanied the dramatic advances in technology. The chapter raises questions about the application of empirical findings on jury behavior in the context of the legal system and considers the omissions and incomplete understandings that future research needs to address in order to provide a full picture of this important human institution.

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Lukasiewicz, Anna, Stephen Dovers, Libby Robin, Jennifer McKay, Steven Schilizzi i Sonia Graham, red. Natural Resources and Environmental Justice. CSIRO Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486306381.

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Environmental management involves making decisions about the governance of natural resources such as water, minerals or land, which are inherently decisions about what is just or fair. Yet, there is little emphasis on justice in environmental management research or practical guidance on how to achieve fairness and equity in environmental governance and public policy. This results in social dilemmas that are significant issues for government, business and community agendas, causing conflict between different community interests. Natural Resources and Environmental Justice provides the first comprehensive, interdisciplinary examination of justice research in Australian environmental management, identifying best practice and current knowledge gaps. With chapters written by experts in environmental and social sciences, law and economics, this book covers topical issues, including coal seam gas, desalination plants, community relations in mining, forestry negotiations, sea-level rise and animal rights. It also proposes a social justice framework and an agenda for future justice research in environmental management. These important environmental issues are covered from an Australian perspective and the book will be of broad use to policy makers, researchers and managers in natural resource management and governance, environmental law, social impact and related fields both in Australia and abroad.

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Bryner, Gary. Environmental Justice. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.167.

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Environmental justice brings together two of the most powerful social movements of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, environmentalism and civil rights. Despite the success in reducing pollution and improving environmental quality in many areas, the reduction of race- and income-based disparities in environmental conditions, such as the levels of pollution to which individuals are exposed, has seen limited progress. Minority and low income communities continue to bear the brunt of environmental burdens. The idea of environmental justice also helps clarify the ethical issues underlying climate change and compels action to reduce the threat even in the face of uncertainties and to help poor nations with the costs of adapting to disruptive climate change. A major challenge in environmental justice is deciding how to define the problem. Five options for framing the issue of environmental justice capture most of the approaches taken by advocates and scholars. These are the civil rights framework; theories of distributive justice, fairness, and rights; the public participation framework, social justice framework, and ecological sustainability framework. These frameworks are not mutually exclusive. They overlap considerably and proponents of one primary framework may rely on elements of others as they frame the issues. Advocates of environmental justice will find that elements of each can contribute to their goal. No one framework is sufficient, but in recognizing where those with other views are coming from, we can develop opportunities for creative solutions that bring together alternative approaches.

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Sobel, David, Peter Vallentyne i Steven Wall, red. Oxford Studies in Political Philosophy, Volume 3. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801221.001.0001.

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This volume features ten papers in political philosophy, addressing a range of central topics and represent cutting-edge work in the field. Papers in the first part look at equality and justice: Keith Hyams examines the contribution of ex ante equality to ex post fairness; Elizabeth Anderson looks at equality from a political economy perspective; Serena Olsaretti’s paper studies liberal equality and the moral status of parent–child relationships; and George Sher investigates doing justice to desert. In the second part, papers address questions of state legitimacy: Ralf Bader explores counterfactual justifications of the state; David Enoch examines political philosophy and epistemology; and Seth Lazar and Laura Valentini look at proxy battles in just war theory. The final three papers cover social issues that are not easily understood in terms of personal morality, yet which need not centrally involve the state: the moral neglect of negligence (Seana Valentine Shiffrin), the case for collective pensions (Michael Otsuka); and authority and harm (Jonathan Parry).

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Van Den Bos, Kees. Why People Radicalize. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190657345.001.0001.

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This book focuses on the issue of why people radicalize. This issue includes the question of why sometimes Muslims or those who identify with right-wing or left-wing politics engage in violent extremism and are sympathetic to terrorist acts. The book argues that part of the answer to these important yet complex and multifaceted topics lies in people perceiving certain things in their world as profoundly unfair. For example, they feel that their group is being treated in blatantly unfair manners, or they judge crucial moral principles to be violated. The book makes the case that these unfairness judgments threaten people’s sense of who they are and jeopardize their beliefs about how the world should look. Furthermore, these judgments are not merely perceptions, but instead feel real and genuine to those who constructed them. As a result, these unfairness judgments can fuel people’s radical beliefs, extremist behaviors, and support for terrorist acts. This book explains how this fueling process takes place. In doing so, the book provides in-depth insight into Muslim, right-wing, and left-wing radicalization. The book draws novel conceptual conclusions and suggests usable practical implications. The book was written based on the author’s expertise as fairness researcher and his experiences of giving advice on radicalization (and associated issues of extremism and terrorism) to the Dutch government. Based on this expertise and experiences, the book conveys an engaging line of reasoning to a broad audience of scientists, practitioners, and others who are interested in radicalization, extremism, terrorism, and unfairness.

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