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Larson, Richard Colby. "FAIR TRADE COFFEE: DO FAIR TRADE ANNOUNCEMENTS AFFECT STOCK PRICE?" Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/192515.
Pełny tekst źródłaFerguson, Jodie Lynne. "Fair or Foul? Determining the Rules of the Fair Pricing Game". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/marketing_diss/13.
Pełny tekst źródłaNovotny, J. "Estimation of the fair price of the credit". Thesis, Ukrainian Academy of Banking of the National Bank of Ukraine, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/61862.
Pełny tekst źródłaRedman, Kevin D. "Analysis of pricing techniques in determining a fair and reasonable price". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA359536.
Pełny tekst źródła"December 1998." Thesis advisor(s): David V. Lamm, David A. Smith. Includes bibliographical references (p. 125). Also available online.
Semeen, Homaira. "Accounting for fair trade: Evidence from producer organisations in fair trade supply chains". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/133920/1/Homaira_Semeen_Thesis.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaReinecke, Juliane Theresa Ute. "From 'Fair Trade' to Fairtrade : the politics of values and ethical standard setting". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609402.
Pełny tekst źródłaLowe, Benjamin, i n/a. "Pricing Strategy and the Formation and Evolution of Reference Price Perceptions in New Product Categories". Griffith University. Griffith Business School, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070221.155102.
Pełny tekst źródłaLowe, Benjamin. "Pricing Strategy and the Formation and Evolution of Reference Price Perceptions in New Product Categories". Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365671.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
Full Text
Baratta, Cliff. "The Fair Trade Coffee Market: Income Differences for Small-Scale Farmers and Industry Growth". Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1979.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe Fair Trade movement is not new. Its roots go all the way back to the 1940s, and since its inception many Fair Trade organizations have arisen to offer this alternative strategy for doing business. Coffee is most commonly associated with Fair Trade, and it is the product this paper seeks to explore. In a broad sense, this investigation will look at how close Fair Trade Coffee certification programs actually come to being fair. The working definition of fairness is the ability to provide economic opportunities to marginalized workers. A fair economy would properly reward hard-working farmers for their intense labors. Many Fair Trade initiatives argue this is not what exists. As a result, they pay a living wage and offer opportunities to coffee farmers—some of the poorest people in the world—with hopes that this will help advance them out of poverty. To see if this successfully promotes fairness in economics, this paper will focus on the benefits of certification to small-scale farmers, mainly regarding income, and on the development of the Fair Trade Coffee market. Ultimately, this research will demonstrate that this movement is at least somewhat successful at improving the economic situation of marginalized workers
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Economics Honors Program
Discipline: Economics
Vítková, Tereza. "Fair Trade a jeho význam pro africké země". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113754.
Pełny tekst źródłaOLIVEIRA, Maria. "Produção de café com certificação fair trade : uma alternativa para os produtores familiares". Universidade José do Rosário Vellano, 2016. http://tede2.unifenas.br:8080/jspui/handle/jspui/167.
Pełny tekst źródłaMade available in DSpace on 2017-08-29T19:04:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Beatriz Gandini Bittencourt de Oliveira Dissertação.pdf: 644023 bytes, checksum: fb715380e0b038a30a86c1bed9a7bec2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-11
Brazil is the world's largest coffee producer, and Minas Gerais, the state responsible for most of the coffee production in the country. In recent decades many changes have occurred in the production and consumption involving the coffee sector. Consumers and coffee buyers are more demanding about the social, environmental, economic and qualitative criteria; if the product is in compliance with labor laws, that is. Consequently, seeking to aggregate more value to their coffee production, farmers felt the need to find new methods to meet this new market niche. The Fair Trade certification has emerged as a good alternative to increase the benefit which was perceived by consumers of a differentiated coffee. Therefore, farmers associated with the Cooperative of Family Farmers from Poço Fundo were interviewed on five occasions in the meetings of the cooperative members. The study case showed that the income obtained from the marketing of the coffee with the Fair Trade certification led the farmers to better conditions to maintain a greater economic balance. Since they receive a fairer price for their coffee, the profits are reinvested in their rural properties. It is noteworthy that the participation in the Cooperative strengthened the farmers and gave them more tranquility and the feeling of being safe in their commercial transactions. It was observed that after the Fair Trade certification farmers have adopted sustainable practices which take into account the preservation of the environment.
O Brasil é o maior produtor de café do mundo, sendo Minas Gerais, o estado responsável pela maior produção cafeeira no país. Nas últimas décadas, diversas mudanças têm ocorrido na produção e no consumo envolvendo o setor cafeeiro. Os consumidores e compradores de café estão mais exigentes quanto aos critérios sociais, ambientais, econômicos e qualitativos, ou seja, se os produtos adquiridos estão de acordo com o cumprimento das leis trabalhistas. Consequentemente, os produtores rurais sentiram a necessidade de buscar novos métodos para a produção de café para atender a esse novo nicho de mercado procurando agregar mais valor à produção. A certificação Fair Trade surgiu como uma boa alternativa para aumentar o benefício percebido pelos consumidores de um café diferenciado. Diante disso, foram entrevistados produtores rurais associados à Cooperativa dos Agricultores Familiares de Poço Fundo, em cinco ocasiões, nas reuniões dos cooperados. Verificou-se nesse estudo de caso que a renda, através da comercialização do café com a certificação Fair Trade, acarretou melhores condições para os produtores rurais manterem o equilíbrio econômico. Os lucros são revertidos para as suas propriedades rurais, pois recebem um preço mais justo pelo café. Destaca-se que a participação na cooperativa fortaleceu e deu a eles mais tranquilidade e segurança nas transações comerciais. Observou-se que, após a certificação Fair Trade, os produtores rurais adotaram práticas mais sustentáveis, levando-se em consideração, a preservação do meio ambiente.
OLIVEIRA, Maria. "Produção de café com certificação fair trade : uma alternativa para os produtores familiares". Universidade José do Rosário Vellano, 2017. http://tede2.unifenas.br:8080/jspui/handle/jspui/168.
Pełny tekst źródłaMade available in DSpace on 2017-08-29T19:57:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Beatriz Gandini Bittencourt de Oliveira Dissertação.pdf: 644023 bytes, checksum: fb715380e0b038a30a86c1bed9a7bec2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-11
Brazil is the world's largest coffee producer, and Minas Gerais, the state responsible for most of the coffee production in the country. In recent decades many changes have occurred in the production and consumption involving the coffee sector. Consumers and coffee buyers are more demanding about the social, environmental, economic and qualitative criteria; if the product is in compliance with labor laws, that is. Consequently, seeking to aggregate more value to their coffee production, farmers felt the need to find new methods to meet this new market niche. The Fair Trade certification has emerged as a good alternative to increase the benefit which was perceived by consumers of a differentiated coffee. Therefore, farmers associated with the Cooperative of Family Farmers from Poço Fundo were interviewed on five occasions in the meetings of the cooperative members. The study case showed that the income obtained from the marketing of the coffee with the Fair Trade certification led the farmers to better conditions to maintain a greater economic balance. Since they receive a fairer price for their coffee, the profits are reinvested in their rural properties. It is noteworthy that the participation in the Cooperative strengthened the farmers and gave them more tranquility and the feeling of being safe in their commercial transactions. It was observed that after the Fair Trade certification farmers have adopted sustainable practices which take into account the preservation of the environment.
O Brasil é o maior produtor de café do mundo, sendo Minas Gerais, o estado responsável pela maior produção cafeeira no país. Nas últimas décadas, diversas mudanças têm ocorrido na produção e no consumo envolvendo o setor cafeeiro. Os consumidores e compradores de café estão mais exigentes quanto aos critérios sociais, ambientais, econômicos e qualitativos, ou seja, se os produtos adquiridos estão de acordo com o cumprimento das leis trabalhistas. Consequentemente, os produtores rurais sentiram a necessidade de buscar novos métodos para a produção de café para atender a esse novo nicho de mercado procurando agregar mais valor à produção. A certificação Fair Trade surgiu como uma boa alternativa para aumentar o benefício percebido pelos consumidores de um café diferenciado. Diante disso, foram entrevistados produtores rurais associados à Cooperativa dos Agricultores Familiares de Poço Fundo, em cinco ocasiões, nas reuniões dos cooperados. Verificou-se nesse estudo de caso que a renda, através da comercialização do café com a certificação Fair Trade,acarretou melhores condições para os produtores rurais manterem o equilíbrio econômico. Os lucros são revertidos para as suas propriedades rurais, pois recebem um preço mais justo pelo café. Destaca-se que a participação na cooperativa fortaleceu e deu a eles mais tranquilidade e segurança nas transações comerciais. Observou-se que, após a certificação Fair Trade,os produtores rurais adotaram práticas mais sustentáveis, levando-se em consideração, a preservação do meio ambiente.
Weber, Sérgio Albino Vitória. "Os efeitos tributários da CSLL e do IRPJ na avaliação do ativo imobilizado a valor justo". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/70026.
Pełny tekst źródłaDue to international economy globalization, became necessary the unification of accounting standard in order to give security and transparency in relation to the acts and facts charged in the commercial relationship, culminating in an international standardization in relation to forms of financial statements and their releases, the convergence of Brazilian to international standards will allow the benefit of access to Brazilian companies with foreign capital cost and lower risk rate. After the effective date of Law Number 11.638/2007 changing the Law 6.404/1976 it has been started the converge of Brazilian standards for the international. The proposed topic for the dissertation is the convergence of these standards as regards the application of CPC 27, ICPC 10 through the obedience of the rules that conflict with the corporate tax liability tax item in the Social Contribution on Net Income and Income Tax Corporations.
Miliutis, Feliksas. "Privalomas akcijų pardavimas ir jo problematika". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090122_141106-89348.
Pełny tekst źródłaConflicting interests of minority shareholder protection and efficient takeover market constitute a fundamental dilemma for squeeze-out procedure and takeover regulation. Squeeze-out is a new concept in Lithuania. The same can be indicated about squeeze-out regulations on Community level. On the other hand, in some of EU member states the squeeze-out right was legalized well before the aforementioned Community rules on squeeze-outs were adopted in Thirteenth company law directive. Squeeze-out right is mature and well-known concept in USA. Squeeze-out right defines a situation where major shareholder, which has obtained particular amount of control in target company, on his own initiative forces minority shareholders to sell their shares to him for the price set under procedure prescribed by the laws. The regulation of squeeze-outs introduced by Thirteenth company law directive did nor manage to harmonize national squeeze-outs rules of member states as the Directive set only the minimum standards for national legislation. The only thing that was done by the Directive, was the extension of scope of national rules to include squeeze-out right given to all controllers of listed companies. Though procedures used to implement squeeze-outs and availability of squeeze-out right differ from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, similar practical and theoretical problems that rises because or in relation to with squeeze-out right can be identified. Within such problems the problem of “fair”... [to full text]
Lagerstedt, Jonas P., Karl-Johan O. Hermansson i Martin G. Carls. "The milk industry: No longer acash cow? : ”How a cause related marketing approach could help raiseawareness regarding the domestic agricultural situation in Sweden”". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-98969.
Pełny tekst źródłaJari, Bridget. "An investigation into the impact of fairtrade in South Africa". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002741.
Pełny tekst źródłaBezerra, Francineide de Morais. "The value perceived by the consumer: proposition and test an evaluation model in the soft drinks market". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2005. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3631.
Pełny tekst źródłaEsta dissertaÃÃo està centrada no desenvolvimento e utilizaÃÃo de um modelo para a avaliaÃÃo do valor percebido pelos consumidores. Inicialmente, à discutido o conceito de valor percebido, sua importÃncia sob as perspectivas estratÃgicas e mercadolÃgicas e sua relaÃÃo com o preÃo e a qualidade. O modelo à apresentado a partir da descriÃÃo dos passos necessÃrios para sua aplicaÃÃo: o estudo da qualidade percebida de cada marca; o levantamento das percepÃÃes dos consumidores com relaÃÃo aos preÃos dos concorrentes; e o desenho do mapa de valor, que à traÃado a partir das relaÃÃes qualidade/preÃo definidas para cada marca do mercado. A aplicabilidade do modelo foi testada atravÃs de um estudo da categoria de refrigerantes no mercado de Fortaleza, que envolveu uma pesquisa do tipo survey junto a 400 consumidores. Verificou-se que o modelo fornece um quadro descritivo dos posicionamentos mercadolÃgicos dos concorrentes e outras informaÃÃes relevantes para o diagnÃstico de mercado, considerado sob a Ãptica dos consumidores. As informaÃÃes e o quadro descritivo citados podem ser utilizados para anÃlises e formulaÃÃes estratÃgicas e para a formaÃÃo de preÃos.
Maignan, Marion. "La construction d'un prix juste au sein d'un système agro-alimentaire alternatif : le cas de la société coopérative d'intérêt collectif alter-Conso". Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0103.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe industrial model of food production, consumption and distribution has been criticised since the seventies in reference to its environmental, social and economical impacts. These critics led to the emergence of a diversity of socio-economic initiatives, engaged in the promotion of a model of agriculture that is more respectful of the planet and its inhabitants, based on new organizational forms and oriented towards fair economic exchange. These alternative food systems refer to a diversity of production methods, including responsible and organic farming, agroecology, permaculture. Alternative food systems generally rely on organisations engaged in a social or solidarity economy : Community supported agriculture, short food supply channels, cooperatives, local fair trade. They reconsider the purpose and terms of economic activity and are driven by a desire to engage in an alternative economy. The question of fairness in exchange, embodied by the will to define a fair price, is of central matter for these initiatives.In this context, this thesis aims at analysing the construction of a fair price within an alternative food system. This system is engaged in a dynamic of local fair trade, and is based on an innovative organizational form. An empirical study has been conducted during three years within the cooperative Alter-Conso. This social cooperative proposes a weekly distribution of local and organic food products, in 14 delivery points in and around the city of Lyon. It puts forward the values and principle of a social and solidarity economy, and brings together into cooperation four categories of members : employees, producers, consumers, supporters. In this sense, economic activity aims primarily at achieving a social and political goal, oriented towards a transformation of agricultural practices and questioning the dominant management practices of economic life. The thesis aims at analysing how the members of the cooperative construct a fair price, considering its social project and its organizational form.The thesis shows that the construction of a fair price articulates three forms of justice : distributive , commutative, and procedural. It shows how the cooperative defines a price definition process that is an alternative to the market price. Indeed, the price construction takes into account the values and social goals of the cooperative, both in the criteria that define a fair price and in the price fixation process. The price construction is based on a discussion among the cooperative’s stakeholders, regardless of the variations of supply and demand. It is constructed on the basis of a lasting, comprehensive and tripartite relationship between the producers, the consumers, and the cooperative employees. The relationship is based on reciprocity and on the recognition of the needs of all the people affected by the exchange
Ferguson, Jodie Lynne. "Fair or foul? determining the rules of the fair pricing game /". Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia State University, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/marketing_diss/13/.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from title page (Digital Archive@GSU, viewed July 29, 2010) Pam Ellen, committee chair; Ken Bernhardt, Ed Rigdon, Bill Bearden, committee members. Includes bibliographical references (p. 189-194).
Pari, Machaca Natty Marianela. "Le commerce équitable : cas de la coopérative le CEIBO. Analyse microéconomique du "prix équitable" des fèves de cacao". Thesis, Dijon, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DIJOE002/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe International Fair-Trade Labelling Organization has the responsibly of elaborating the norms of fair-trade applied to the organisations which group small producers in three sectors i.e. Economical, social and environmental. FLO also sets the trade standards for the products labelled Fair Trade (also named in this work: fair products): for example, Max Havelaar is one of the labels which certifies the production and commercialisation of a product made as per the norms of fair trade. Although there is some information on the minimum price for fair trade concerning the cocoa-nibs (Thobroma cacao) or on the fair price (minimum price for fair trade + Subsidy) Free On Board (FOB) which are allowed to the certified fair trade cocoa producers in Southern countries, there is not enough information about the price perceived by the fair trade producer at the “Farm Gate”. In order to know better the fair price that the producers of cocoa receive “directly”, we have chosen the Cooperative “Le CEIBO” in Bolivia, a model based on the study of the price of the cacao-nib and the comparison with the fair price and the conventional price in the Alto Beni region. Though the CEIBO is in a situation of monopsony, the perception of the small cacao-nibs producers is that the percentage of the FOB price has generally risen between 2000-2006 in Alto Beni
Tancini, Gustavo Raldi. "Combinações de negócios no Brasil: o que direcionou a alocação do goodwill nas empresas integrantes do IBr-A?" Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-26022018-165256/.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn 2007, the approval of the Law 11.638 made the adoption of the International Accounting Reporting Standard (IFRS) possible in Brazil. The convergence to the IFRS brought several innovations, among then, the accounting for business combinations, regulated by the Pronunciamento Técnico CPC 15 - Combinações de negócios, which made the acquisition method mandatory. Under this new model, the acquirer measures the identifiable acquired assets and the assumed liabilities by their respective fair values. The goodwill, in turn, is the portion of the fair value of the consideration transferred that are not individually identified, and it is realized exclusively by the impairment test. This thesis aims to identify the determining factors in the percentage of the acquisition cost allocated as goodwill in the business combinations realized and disclosed by the 101 companies which comprises the Índice Brasil Amplo (IBr-A) in the period from 2009 to 2015. It was identified and, in great part, hand collected, data about 442 business combinations, and the 307 observationsin which a goodwill was recognized were effectively used. It was used a multivariate dependency technique known as Hierarchical Linear Models or Multilevel Models (HLM), thathas the fundamental characteristic of capturing the nested data structure, considering the variability within the 39 economic segments of the firms of this study\'s sample. The results indicated the presence of a hierarchical structure, in which the segment that the acquirer operates explains about 15% of the variability in the percentage of acquisition cost allocated as goodwill. During the research five first level variables were tested (variable remuneration percentage of the acquirer\'s directors, acquisition relevance, number of analysts, stock consideration and the goodwill tax allowance), as well as two related to the second level (properties, plants and equipment to total asset and market-to-book value of the segment). Individually, among the first level variables, only the number of analyst following the acquirer shares presented an association with the percentage of goodwill. The interactions between the use of the tax allowance and the properties, plants and equipment to total asset with the number of analyst also presented an association.
Ccaccya, Díaz Karina Iris, i Tirado Mayra Alexsandra Huamán. "Efectos de la certificación de comercio justo en el departamento de Piura con respecto a las exportaciones de banano orgánico con partida arancelaria 0803.90.11.00 a los Países Bajos durante el periodo de 2013-2018". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653371.
Pełny tekst źródłaFairtrade certification has transformed conventional trade and impacted the way of working of farmers, exporters and workers dedicated to the agri-food sector. The growing demand for sustainable products has fueled a greater number of certified products, including bananas. Despite the fact that this movement that focuses on human beings and the social, economic and environmental sustainability of societies is not a new business model, there are still people who are unaware of either the existence of Fair-Trade certified products or the work that it fulfills through its established rules. The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of Fairtrade on the exports of organic bananas produced in Piura to the Netherlands during the period 2013-2018, mainly emphasizing 3 principles that exporting companies must comply with and associations if they want to have the certification seal on their products, which are creating opportunities for disadvantaged producers, fair prices and respect for the environment. The research methodology follows a mixed method design. Quantitative data was analyzed through the gravitational model and for the qualitative development, semi-structured interviews were carried out with exporters in the. From the discussion of quantitative and qualitative development results, it was concluded that create opportunities and respect for the environment had a positive effects on organic banana exports from Piura to the Netherlands during the period 2013-2018.
Tesis
Pouchain, Delphine. "Commerce équitable et prix juste". Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100121/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaFair trade aims at creating fairer market relationships, by establishing what is considered to be the just price. By promoting exchanges on an equitable basis, through international partnerships grounded in a desire for justice, fair trade highlights the need for new thinking on the notions of justice and equity. In a world dominated by the theories of distributive justice, it shows the interest of a theory of commutative justice, of justice in the exchange. Fair trade enables us to demonstrate that neoclassical, institutionalist and Rawlsian theories of justice often fail to distinguish between justice and adjustment, accuracy, compassion and equity, and drift towards political theories of justice. Fair trade shows that the Aristotelian distinction between a good and a bad economy is still relevant, but more importantly it reveals the fact that the good economy is enduring, and has not completely disappeared under bad chrematistic. Economic agents have a taste for justice, for a “good” exchange. Because fair trade seeks to restore the possibility of an economy preserved from bad chrematistic and framed in practical Aristotelianism, it shows us the necessity for a theory of justice in economic exchanges and ultimately leads us to consider the notion of moral perfectionism
Petell, Jenniefer, i Camilla Siljedahl. "IAS 40 - Fastighetsvärdering : En studie av åtta svenska noterade bolags värderingar till verkligt värde". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för ekonomi och företagande, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-16676.
Pełny tekst źródłaPurpose: The purpose of this thesis is to describe and analyse the methods which Swedish listed real estate companies use when valuating to fair value. Methods: The study has a qualitative approach. Secondary data in the form of annual reports is the primary source of empirical data. Raw data in the form of surveys and an interview are used to complement the study. Theoretical framework: This study is based on the institutional theory, where the concept of isomorphism is of paramount importance. IASB's conceptual framework and IAS 40 are also significant and important for this study. Empirical: Empirical data regarding the eight real estate companies' methods of valuation has been determined by studying their annual reports of the year 2011. Tables have also been designed for a comparative study of the years 2005, 2008 and 2011. The real estate companies' responses to the survey are summarized in the empirical section. The empirical data regarding the external valuation companies was obtained from the answers from the surveys, and an interview with one of the companies. Conclusion: Most of the companies in this study base their valuation of investment properties on a cash flow statement. This also applies to external companies hired by the real estate companies. However, most companies also supplement the cash flow statement by providing a location price method. This study is supported by the institutional theory as it shows that real estate companies' to some extent are isoform regarding valuation of investment properties.
Miliutis, Feliksas. "Privalomo akcijų pardavimo teisinis reguliavimas akcininko teisių užtikrinimo efektyvumo požiūriu". Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140822_112416-20753.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work, which could be defined as a comparative-legal qualitative study, analyses legal regulation of squeeze-out existent in United States of America, European Union and the Republic of Lithuania. This research aims at determining legal regulation of squeeze-out (sell-out) and to evaluate it with regard to the effective protection of shareholder’s rights by at the same time identifying main practical and theoretical problems. The research presented in this work is aimed at evaluating legal regulation of squeeze-out not only with regard to the effective protection of minority shareholders’ rights but with regard to the effective protection of majority shareholder’s rights as well. It is done not only by analyzing aims of the squeeze-out institute but also the major problems inherent to this legal institute such as compatibility with the protection of private property, determination of fair squeeze-out compensation etc.
Kinsch, Patrick. "Le fait du prince étranger". Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR30005.
Pełny tekst źródłaEven though they may not be selected as applicable law by the forum's rules relating to choice of law or recognized under its rules relating to the recognition of foreign decisions, certain foreign norms can - by virtue of their being treated as mandatorily applicable by the public authorities of the foreign state from which they emanate - have factual effects which the forum will have to take into consideration in evaluating the parties' conduct. The practice of the courts is to consider, where appropriate, the intervention of foreign public authorities in the performance of a - contractual or extracontractual - obligation as giving rise to an impossibility fo performance (or force majeure). -- from a methodological viewpoint, that method of taking foreign norms into consideration is clearly distinct from the application of choice-of-law or recognition-of-decisions rules. The reason behind it can be explained through the datum theory (b. Currie, a. Ehrenzweig). As a practical matter, the approach which consists in thus taking account of foreign mandatory rules of conduct - the courts' traditional approach in this specific field - may be deemed adequate, and its results can be compared favourably to those of two alternative methods: the act of state doctrine and the theory of unilateralist application of foreign mandatory laws (or sonderanknupfung)
Galeano, Revert Ana María. "PROPUESTA DE METODOLOGIA PARA LA IDENTIFICACION Y EL ANALISIS DE MODELOS DE NEGOCIO TRIPLEMENTE SOSTENIBLES EN EL SECTOR AGROALIMENTARIO". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/88395.
Pełny tekst źródłaEl sector agroalimentario supone un importante motor económico y social en muchos países, no solo por su relevancia económica, sino también por su significado vital. Desde hace años se puede considerar que la evolución del sector ha derivado en el desarrollo de redes de distribución centralizadas y globales. Estas redes de distribución globales, en un mercado de productos de bajo ratio valor/peso, son más eficientes cuanto más centralizada esté su logística. Este nuevo paradigma tiene como efecto colateral la difícil pervivencia del pequeño productor-vendedor con los problemas que esto supone para el ciudadano en cuanto a miembro de la sociedad. Esta tesis se enmarca en un proyecto de profesores de la Universitat Politècnica de València denominado HOF3M (Heterarchical Open Food 3-sustainable Market). El proyecto tiene el objetivo de facilitar el desarrollo de un mercado triplemente sostenible de productos alimentarios, generando las bases tecnológicas y de negocio que reduzcan las barreras de entrada para que, cualquiera, en cualquier lugar del planeta pueda convertirse en un agente que acerque cualquier productor a cualquier consumidor. El objetivo de esta tesis se concreta en "proporcionar una metodología para la identificación y el análisis de modelos de negocio, a través del estudio de casos prácticos en empresas, con el objeto de confeccionar un banco de modelos de negocio triplemente sostenibles, replicables y no escalables en el sector agroalimentario". La aplicación de esta metodología proporciona una herramienta que facilita la replicabilidad de modelos de negocio en el tejido empresarial agroalimentario. Además, permite identificar aquellos modelos triplemente sostenibles y no escalables, que pueden ser implementados por consumidores, productores e intermediarios. El trabajo de investigación se realiza desde las revisiones de literatura para el entendimiento del ámbito de los modelos de negocio, de la triple sostenibilidad empresarial y del contexto de la economía agroalimentaria, además de la aplicación de la metodología de investigación a tres casos de estudio, con los cuales se valida la propuesta. De esta tesis se extraen tres aportaciones fundamentales: una metodología para identificar y analizar un modelo de negocio a través de casos de estudio, un modelo de evaluación de la triple sostenibilidad en el marco de la economía agroalimentaria, y tres análisis de modelos de negocio de venta al por menor de alimentos.
El sector agroalimentari suposa un important motor econòmic i social en molts països, no només per la seva rellevància econòmica, sinó també pel seu significat vital. Des de fa anys es pot considerar que l'evolució del sector ha derivat en el desenrotllament de xarxes de distribució centralitzades i globals. Estes xarxes de distribució globals, en un mercat de productes de baix ràtio valor/pes, són mes eficients quant mes centralitzada estiga la seua logística. Este nou paradigma té com a efecte col·lateral la difícil pervivència del xicotet productor-venedor amb els problemes que açò suposa per al ciutadà quant a membre de la societat. Esta tesi s'emmarca en un projecte de professors de la Universitat Politècnica de València denominat HOF3M (Heterarchical Open Food 3-sustainable Market). El projecte té l'objectiu de facilitar el desenrotllament d'un mercat triplement sostenible de productes alimentaris, generant les bases tecnològiques i de negoci que reduïsquen les barreres d'entrada perquè, qualsevol, en qualsevol lloc del planeta puga convertir-se en un agent que acoste qualsevol productor a qualsevol consumidor. L'objectiu d'esta tesi es concreta en "proporcionar una metodologia per a la identificació i l'anàlisi de models de negoci, a través de l'estudi de casos pràctics en empreses, amb l'objecte de confeccionar un banc de models de negoci triplement sostenibles, replicables i no escalables en el sector agroalimentari". L'aplicació d'esta metodologia proporciona una ferramenta que facilita la replicabilidad de models de negoci en el teixit empresarial agroalimentari. A més, permet identificar aquells models triplement sostenibles i no escalables, que poden ser implementats per consumidors, productor i intermediaris. El treball d'investigació es realitza des de les revisions de literatura per a l'enteniment de l'àmbit dels models de negoci, de la triple sostenibilitat empresarial i del context de l'economia agroalimentària, a més de l'aplicació de la metodologia d'investigació a tres casos d'estudi, amb els quals es valida la proposta. D'esta tesi s'extrauen tres aportacions fonamentals: una metodologia per a identificar i analitzar un model de negoci a través de casos d'estudi, un model d'avaluació de la triple sostenibilitat en el marc de l'economia agroalimentària, i tres anàlisis de models de negoci de venda al detall d'aliments.
Galeano Revert, AM. (2017). PROPUESTA DE METODOLOGIA PARA LA IDENTIFICACION Y EL ANALISIS DE MODELOS DE NEGOCIO TRIPLEMENTE SOSTENIBLES EN EL SECTOR AGROALIMENTARIO [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/88395
TESIS
Çenesiz, Mustafa Alper [Verfasser]. "Fair prices & fair wages : implications for macroeconomic dynamics in closed & open economies / M. Alper Çenesiz". Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1019812664/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaYngve, Malin, i Sandra Helgeby. "Fastighetsvärdering i koncerner : En analys av verkligt värde i finansiella rapporter". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-45314.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn 2005, it became mandatory for all listed companies to prepare their consolidated financialstatements in accordance with IFRS. This led to increased comparability between companiesfrom different countries, which has led to accounting harmonization. For those groups withinvestment property holdings, the purpose of which is to generate rental income or increase invalue, this means that the properties must be valued at fair value in accordance with IAS 40.The study aims to examine the principle of fair value regarding investment properties and islimited to Group companies listed on NASDAQ OMX Stockholm. The sample consists of ninecompanies and their financial reports for the financial years 2015-2019, which are examinedthrough a qualitative case study. In order to be able to make an equivalent and comparativeassessment of these, a template containing six questions is used.Valuation at fair value is the main rule in consolidated accounts and the reported company mustassess the market price when valuing fair value. If there are similar assets and liabilities in anactive market, this assessment can be easy to perform, but in markets such as investmentproperties that require many assessments to arrive at a fair value, it is all the more difficult.Actors may have incomplete information that may contribute to different assessments of assetsand their future value.The disclosure requirements in IAS 40 are only principle-based, which gives companies a roomfor interpretation. In addition, companies can use different approaches and a comparisonbetween companies can be difficult for stakeholders. We have experienced this in our study asthe companies have used different approaches in their valuation methods and that they havestated different amounts of information in their financial reports. The study has also shown thatthey have also used various parameters in their consideration for valuation at fair value.Companies that own investment properties are encouraged to use independent valuers, but thisis not a requirement. On the other hand, there is a risk of only performing an internal valuationof the property portfolio with regard to undervaluation or overvaluation. This can then meanthat the property is valued too low to be subsequently sold at a higher price, which means thatthe Group can report a higher result or vice versa. If the valuation is instead performed by an 4external valuer, the reliability may increase. It can therefore be considered advantageous to letindependent valuers make the assessment of the asset's fair value. Not all companies surveyedhave used independent valuers, but sometimes only to a certain extent, while others have usedexternal valuers for the entire property portfolio.The study has shown that companies value in different ways, both in terms of valuation model,calculations and internal and external valuation, from which our first conclusion is drawn. Fairvalue differs between companies that own investment properties because the standards areprinciple-based. As all companies present a valuation to level 3 in IFRS 13's valuationhierarchy, it is concluded that it is not possible to establish with certainty that companies, listedon NASDAQ OMX Stockholm, fully comply with the standards as it should be possible tovalue some of their property holdings through level 2 input.
Harvánková, Hana. "Postavení žen na trhu práce". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-15410.
Pełny tekst źródłaO'Brien, P. J. "The modern prince Charles J. Haughey and Fianna Fail". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395449.
Pełny tekst źródłaDingome, Gill. "Le Fait justificatif en matière de responsabilité civile". Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010301.
Pełny tekst źródłaA person who causes damage in cases of justification (necessary defence, necessity, self-help, statutory or lawful authority, consent of victim) is not liable (tortious and criminal liability)
Stojaspal, Ondřej. "Společenská odpovědnost jako forma zefektivnění trhu práce". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222596.
Pełny tekst źródłaCiclet, Alexandre. "Prise en compte des savoirs-faire opérateurs dans un contexte de fabrication intégrée". Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPG0026.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe work presented in this manuscript deals with two research subjects: process plan in manufacturing and knowledge management. A Computer Aided Process Planning (CAPP), used in a real situation occurring in a company was observed. Companies using this CAPP are able to integrate their own know-how. Starting from this study, the profitability of the system was evaluated and some knowledge management needs emerged. Therefore, a methodology of planners' knowledge management was created. This methodology requires that the kinds of knowledge to formalise and the actors participating in the process have to be identified. The knowledge formalization proposed and the treatment protocol defined will allow a negotiation among actors and an integration of operators' know-how in the CAPP system
Krajcovic, Krystal A. "Fairy Tales: A Continual Work in Progress". Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1494204822838754.
Pełny tekst źródłaMbouhou, Mfomkpa Max Legrand. "La gestion de fait : contribution à l'étude de ses relations avec le droit prive". Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100087.
Pełny tekst źródłaTomaz, Zan Vitor. "Habiter la ville, faire territoire ˸ une prise de position du cinéma brésilien (2005-2017)". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCA041.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis study of 20 of the most inventive Brazilian fiction and documentary films produced between 2005 and 2017 reveals how they share central concerns related to the urban environment. The act of inhabiting becomes a point of convergence between social activism and artistic ambition in these films. The notion of territory, which adds a political dimension to the conception of space, is key to this analysis of recent Brazilian cinema, which seeks to identify trends in the works examined without ignoring the filmmakers’ individual styles
Meyer-Durat, Laurence. "La prise de décision dans la formation des dirigeants : qu'est-ce que le dirigeant fait de la décision et qu'est-ce que la décision fait de lui ?" Strasbourg 1, 2003. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2003/DURAT_Laurence_2003.zip.
Pełny tekst źródłaAfter having produced a critical analysis of decisional theories, as well as of the different conceptions of the manager's role and approached the learning process in action , we have chosen to study the decision under an original point of view. Instead of considering the capacity to take decision as a training aim, we make the assumption that by the manager, the decision is often considered as an learning opportunity, or as a learning strategy inserted in a wider perspective of identity construction. This places our research within two perspectives, to be considered at the same time : education within the action but also throughout identity construction. To check the validity of our proposal, we have interviewed a panel of 21 managers, finalized by a quantitative and qualitative analysis. The results of the survey reveals particularly that decisional training is possible when 4 factors are present : appropriate organisational context, favourable action situation, reference models and a specific manager attitude
Rode, Julian. "Experiments of ethics and economic behavior". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7362.
Pełny tekst źródłaLa tesis utiliza una metodología experimental para investigar las decisiones de los individuos cuando hay un conflicto entre valores éticos y económicos. Mas específicamente, los tres capítulos investigan sobre 1) el comportamiento del consumidor cuando se enfrenta a dos versiones de un mismo producto, siendo una de ellas más cara por ser producida sin trabajo infantil, 2) la interacción entre un agente experto y un agente desinformado que debe tomar una decisión confiando o no en el consejo del experto, el cuál puede mentir para ganar más dinero, y 3) el reparto justo de una ganancia económica entre dos personas de las cuales sólo una ha contribuido trabajando en un ejercicio. Este último estudio se centra en el impacto de la estructura de poder, es decir quién decide, en el reparto y en los juicios de que es lo justo. Los estudios analizan las implicaciones del comportamiento experimental sobre los mercados y las empresas. Además, la tesis propone teorías éticas para complementar las teorías económicas y psicológicas.
Kupsch, Mary. "The Prince, The Punisher, and The Perpetrator: Masculinity in Animal/Monster Groom Tales". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/22721.
Pełny tekst źródłaUieda, Gabriela. "Produção e comercialização de produtos em um modelo de economia solidária : dois estudos de caso em Porto Alegre, RS". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/11002.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe model, or models, of organization of the Solidarity Economy was born, approximately, at the same time as the industrial capitalism was being developed. It has, however, been reinvented in the 1990’s as an ideological alternative of confrontation to the excluding effects of the capitalism and/or as an alternative of employment and income policies to the poorest, unemployed or underemployed population. This was made by means of initiatives of the population excluded from the market, under the orientation of religious organizations, labor unions, universities and NGO’s. According to SENAES (National Office of Solidarity Economy) (BRASIL, 2004b), it is considered Solidarity Economy the ensemble of economic activities with the following characteristics: cooperation, self-management, economic feasibility and solidarity. In 2005, the Office identified 14.954 solidary enterprises in Brazil, among which 85 are located in Porto Alegre. To study the Solidarity Economy, from the economic point of view, the traditional economic theory is not suitable, because it is necessary to: understand the emergence and the survival of association that enclose, at the same time, the economic, social and political logics; consider the relationship between ethics and economics, and, also, understand both the search of other economic behavioral principles and the understanding of moral judgments made by people when qualifying a trade as fair; understand the market as one form of allocation among others, which also continue to exist, as well as understand that the market is a social construction; understand how the fair prices are formed and why a consumer would choose a product of Solidarity Economy, even if he has to pay a higher price for it. We have analyzed two cases of Porto Alegre, Brazil: the open markets of Cooperativa Ecológica Coolméia e the stores of Etiqueta Popular. The assessment was made by interviews with producers and consumers of both enterprises, as a means to identify if the producers view the undertaking as more than an employment alternative, if the consumers are conscious that they buy a commitment relationship along with the products, and what is the reflex of the answer of the two previous questions in their price formation. The qualitative analysis of the interviews has demonstrated a degree of adherence to the theories discussed before. Also, it has demonstrated that there is still a long way to go through, and that the producers have realized. The fact that the majority of the producers has affirmed that they were better off because of their participation and the fact that some consumers appeared to be conscious of the effect of their purchase decisions might indicate that the Solidarity Economy is an alternative to the capitalist economy. However, doubt still remains as to the size of this economy, that is, could it include all the population excluded by the capitalist economy, without overlooking the benefits generated until now, and even enlarging them? Besides, there are doubts as to the relationship of the Solidarity Economy with the capitalist economy and with the government.
Strazdienė, Daiva. "Medžiagų ir produkcijos apskaita ir auditas". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050526_145003-12868.
Pełny tekst źródłaGoubanova, Oxana. "La prise en compte du fait religieux dans la Fédération de Russie : la construction historique face à la modernité". Perpignan, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PERP0983.
Pełny tekst źródłaLaw and Religion are two systems which mark the quotient of mankind, and which are essentially, are not impervious. Sometimes, the Religion is based on the political power, the religious principles becoming source of law. On the contrary, the State can make religion a relay to consolidate its authority. In addition, the separation between the State and the religious institutions leads only seldom to a tight separation of Law and Religion. Freedom of religion is closely related to the respect of the democracy. In Russia, the orthodox Church was reaffirmed like the incarnation of the Russian identity. Firm support of a capacity which returns well it, it obtained a privileged position compared to the other religions. But above all, Orthodoxy remains the bases of Russian nationalism since the birth of the Russian State
Painchaud-Guérard, Geneviève. "Influence des allégations nutritionnelles verbales sur les sensations perçues de faim et de satiété lors de la prise d'une collation". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26353.
Pełny tekst źródłaLes travaux présentés dans ce mémoire avaient pour objectif principal d’évaluer l’impact psychologique des allégations nutritionnelles sur les sensations d’appétit. Selon un devis factoriel de type trois (condition expérimentale) par deux (sexe) par deux (poids) par deux (restriction cognitive), 164 hommes et 188 femmes âgés de 18 à 65 ans ont été invités à déguster et évaluer des biscuits à l’avoine et aux raisins sous le couvert d’une étude de marketing. Aucun effet général des allégations n’a été observé sur les sensations d’appétit. Toutefois, un effet rassasiant de la condition « diète » a été observé chez les femmes de poids normal non restreintes et chez les hommes en surpoids ou obèses non restreints. Les hommes ont également rapporté des niveaux de faim plus élevés que les femmes. Ces résultats démontrent l’importance de considérer les facteurs individuels lors de l’étude de la perception des aliments ou des sensations d’appétit.
The work presented in this dissertation aimed at evaluating the psychological effect of nutrition claims on appetite sensations. According to a three (experimental condition) by two (sex) by two (restrained eating) by two (weight) factorial design, 164 males and 188 females aged 18-65 were invited to taste and rate oatmeal-raisin cookies in a blinded context. No main condition effect was observed for any of the appetite sensations. However, a satiating effet of the ‘’diet’’ condition was observed among normal-weight unrestrained women and overweight or obese unrestrained men. A main effect of sex was also observed with men reporting higher levels of hunger than women. These findings highlight the importance of considering individual characteristics when studying appetite sensations.
Diabate, Alassane. "Liquidity risk and fair value accounting : implications for banks capital structure, lending and stability". Thesis, Limoges, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIMO0002.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis comprises three empirical essays based on U.S. commercial banks’ data. It aims to highlight the implications of liquidity risk and fair value accounting on banks’ capital structure, lending and their stability. Thus, the first chapter investigates if episodes of liquidity squeeze on the market affect banks’ capital structure adjustment. The findings reveal that only small banks react to such episodes by increasing their capital ratio. To do so, they reduce the share of loans in total assets, decrease the share of assets with higher risk weights and they downsize their overall balance sheets. These results suggest that liquidity requirements might be redundant for small banks but appear to be necessary for large banks. The second chapter analyses whether the impact of an unexpected flow of deposits on loan origination depends upon the degree of banks’ off-balance sheet funding liquidity risk exposure. The results show that only small banks increase their lending when they are subject to unexpected deposit inflows. The increase in lending depends on how much they are exposed to funding liquidity risk stemming from their off-balance sheets. Small banks more exposed to such funding liquidity risk tend to extend fewer new loans. These results indicate that unexpected deposit inflows might not as easily be fueled again to borrowers. The third chapter examines the effect of banks’ holdings of Level 2 and Level 3 fair value assets on risk-taking and insolvency risk. The results reveal that banks with larger proportions of Level 2 and Level 3 fair value assets take on higher risk and are more exposed to insolvency risk. These findings suggest that the banking system may become more fragile when investors perceive reliability concerns in banks’ assets
Berggren, Elin. "Characterization in Social Satire : A comparative analysis of the heroines Elizabeth Bennet in Jane Austenʼs Pride and Prejudice, and Becky Sharp in William Makepeace Thackerayʼs Vanity Fair". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-40753.
Pełny tekst źródłaI denna uppsats presenteras en komparativ analys av karaktäriseringarna av de kvinnliga huvudkaraktärerna Elizabeth Bennet i Jane Austens Stolthet och Fördom (1813), och Becky Sharp i William Makepeace Thackerays Vanity Fair (1847-1848). Analysen är utförd från ett genusperspektiv, och med användning av feministisk samhällskritik. De två romanerna kompletterar varandra då de båda är satiriska illustreringar av samhället, och både rör aspekter såsom klass och genus. Dessutom porträtterar båda novellerna klassklättrande kvinnor under tiden för Napoleonkrigen. I jämförelsen ligger största fokuset på samhällssatiren konstruerad kring hjältinnorna i de båda romanerna. Jag når slutsatsen att Austens och Thackerays karaktäriseringar skiljer sig mycket från varandra, främst på grund av författarnas skilda förhållningssätt till sin satir. Denna slutsats relateras till en patriarkal kontext, samt till feministiska värderingar.
Hasbini, Mohamad Ali. "The Great Recession of 2007 and the Housing Market Crash: Why Did So Many Builders Fail?" Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7031.
Pełny tekst źródłaGilbert, Hugo. "Oracle-based algorithms for optimizing sophisticated decision criteria in sequential, robust and fair decision problems". Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066648.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis falls within the area of algorithmic decision theory, which is at the crossroads between decision theory, operational research and artificial intelligence. In this thesis, we study several decision models to solve problems in different domains: sequential decision problems under risk, robust optimization problems, and fair multi-agent optimization problems. To solve these problems efficiently, we use master-slave algorithms which solve the problem through an incremental process. These procedures, referred to as oracle methods in the thesis, make it possible to solve problems of large size. A particular attention is given to the skew-symmetric bilinear utility model, the weighted expected utility model and their counterparts in multicriteria decision making. These models are interesting at several respects. They extend the standard models (e.g., the expected utility model) and allow to represent a broader class of preferences while retaining their good theoretical and algorithmic properties. The thesis focuses both on theoretic (e.g., complexity results) and operational (e.g., design of practically efficient solution methods) aspects of the problems raised by the use of these criteria in the domains aforementioned
Caizergues, Quentin. "The Happy Prince : A Paradoxical Aesthetic Tale and a Dual Critique of Victorian Times". Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för lärarutbildning, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-20750.
Pełny tekst źródłaAbdel, Barr Omniya. "L'art urbain du Caire mamlouk : manières de faire et enjeux sociaux". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3008/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis uncovers how monuments were built in Mamlouk Cairo. The chain of events starts with; sultans and emirs, their wives and concubines, slaves and eunuchs and civilian elites, who sponsor the buildings. The designers of such monumental architecture were not usually given credit and hence not mentioned in most historical documents. While researching the design of the monuments, we discovered a number of tools used in the design phase. The study of the land acquisition, shed light on the importance of the geographical location within the urban fabric, which revealed the economic and legal complications involved. Then we tackle the question of the responsibility on the construction site. At the top of the hierarchy there is the ?ādd al-'amā'ir, who represents the sponsor on the site, followed by the Nāẓir, which can sometimes replace the ?ādd. Then the Muhandis, a technical assistant, usually working in a team and who implements the design. We analyze the chain of operations from the top of the hierarchy down to the artisans, workers and unskilled labor. The analysis included a study of the division of labor and the details of the different crafts used in the site construction and in workshops. Studying all the site workers revealed the different economic standards and the diversity of the population in Cairo. Finally, we trace the history of the making of the monument in this period and are able to draw a full detailed picture of the timeline of a Mamlouk monument from inception to inauguration