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Šišková, Zuzana. "Extracellular matrix and (re)myelination". [S.l. : [Groningen : s.n.] ; University Library Groningen] [Host], 2006. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/297675567.
Pełny tekst źródłaVincent-Héroux, Jonathan. "Extracellular matrix receptors in astrogliosis". Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32608.
Pełny tekst źródłaDystroglycan et les intégrines sont deux types de récepteurs de la matrice extracellulaire (RMEC) impliqués dans l'adhésion et la migration des astrocytes. Les mécanismes moléculaires qui contrôlent leur distribution aux plates-formes de signalisation de la membrane plasmique demeurent peu étudiés. Dans la présente étude, nous définissons quatre stages d'adhésion cellulaire pour les astrocytes dans lesquels DG et les intégrines sont distribués différemment. Dans la cellule en migration, les deux récepteurs sont recrutés à l'avant, possiblement dans des îlots riches en GM1. En combinant la microscopie à fluorescence et l'usage de perturbateurs du cytosquelette dans notre modèle de lésion in vitro, nous démontrons aussi que la formation des protrusions riches en microtubules n'est pas actine-indépendante. Cependant, la formation d'actine corticale est indépendante du réseau polarisé de microtubules. Nous confirmons l'activation rapide de Cdc42 et Rac1 suite à une lésion in vitro et avons développé une lignée d'astrocytes DG-nulles pour étudier le rôle de DG dans l'activation des Rho GTPases. Nous concluons que la distribution des RMEC est étroitement régulée avec l'appareil de réorganisation cytoskelettique dans la prolifération astrocytaire.
Yi, Ming. "Extracellular matrix proteins and angiogenesis /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3091204.
Pełny tekst źródłaLee, Myeongwoo Cheung H. Tak. "Characterization of Caenorhabditis elegans extracellular matrix". Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9803726.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from title page screen, viewed June 5, 2006. Dissertation Committee: H. Tak Cheung (chair), Sean Arkins, Herman E. Brockman, Paul A. Garris, Brian J. Wilkinson. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-121) and abstract. Also available in print.
McCann, Maureen C. "Architecture of the plant extracellular matrix". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.279709.
Pełny tekst źródłaHan, Lin Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Nanomechanics of cartilage extracellular matrix macromolecules". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42134.
Pełny tekst źródłaIncludes bibliographical references (p. 187-201).
In this thesis, the shear and self-adhesion nanomechanical properties between opposing cartilage aggrecan macromolecules were probed. In addition, nanoscale dynamic oscillatory mechanical properties of cartilage and its type II collagen network was measured. Aggrecan shear nanomechanics was assessed via microcontact printing and lateral force microscopy. Lateral force between aggrecan and the probe tip, and compression of aggrecan was simultaneously measured in 0.001 - 1.0 M NaCl aqueous solutions. Using the microsized tip (Rtip ~ 2.5 [mu]m) enabled a large assembly of ~ 103 aggrecan molecules to interact simultaneously, closely mimicking the in vivo conditions.Both electrostatic and nonelectrostatic components were identified to importantly contribute to aggrecan shear. At near physiological IS (0.1 M), significant rate dependence was observed, suggestive of visco/poroelastic interactions within the aggrecan layer. By using an aggrecan end-functionalized colloidal tip, shear of two opposing aggrecan layers was assessed in a similar fashion. Lower lateral force and a more marked rate dependence were measured compared to the shear of a single layer, due to the aggrecan inter-layer molecular interpenetration and the different local z-dependent charge density distribution. The addition of Ca2+, at physiological-like 2 mM concentration, significantly affects cartilage shear by its electrostatic screening and binding effects. Marked aggrecan self-adhesion upon separation was discovered after static compression in the presence of electrostatic repulsion in physiological-like conditions.
(cont.) Aggrecan self-adhesion increases as increasing equilibration time and bath IS. Molecular origins of the adhesion, also present in vivo, include van der Waals, hydrogen bonding, Ca2+-mediated bridging, and molecular entanglements between the glycosaminogly-can branches of aggrecan. This self-adhesion could be an important factor in protecting cartilage matrix structural integrity and function via these energy-dissipative mechanisms. The nanoscale oscillatory dynamic deformation properties of both nontreated and proteoglycan(PG)-depleted (left mostly type II collagen) calf knee cartilage disks (- 0.5 mm thick) was measured by connecting an external electronic wave generator to the AFM. A significant increase in effective stiffness E and phase lag A (deformation with respect to force) as increasing frequency for both disks suggests poro/viscoelasticity are more critical at higher frequency. The PG-depleted disk shows a more marked dependence of E and A on deformation amplitude - 2 - 100 nm, as the nanostructure and nanomechanical properties of porous collagen network are more heterogeneous without the entrapment of aggrecan motif. A unique - 23 nm banding pattern along the type II collagen fibrils was observed, which may be relative to the cartilage swelling properties and the molecular interaction between aggrecan and the collagen network. Taken together, this study provides insights into molecular-level deformation of cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) macromolecules (e.g., aggrecan, type II collagen) that are important to the understanding of cartilage biomechanical function. Ongoing studies are probing the age, disease (osteoarthritis), source and species related variations of cartilage ECM properties at the molecular level.
by Lin Han.
Ph.D.
Baig, Shabnam Mobeen. "The extracellular matrix in Alzheimer's disease". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/f7eb48ef-9368-4f28-ab12-738fb9e517b5.
Pełny tekst źródłaThurstan, Sarah Ashley. "Acellular mechanisms of extracellular matrix degradation". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/acellular-mechanisms-of-extracellular-matrix-degradation(7fae308d-8e54-4da6-9c27-4da89ec55ab1).html.
Pełny tekst źródłaLink, Patrick. "ELECTROSPRAYING EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX TO FORM NANOPARTICLES". VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5166.
Pełny tekst źródłaTissot, Floriane. "Rôle de CD98hc dans les fibroblastes dermiques au cours de l’homéostasie et de la tumorigenèse cutanées". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4129.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe epithelial/mesenchymal interaction is crucial for many physiopathological processes. During my PhD, I focused on mesenchymal signals that regulate epithelial cells behavior using the skin as model. The skin is composed of 2 main compartments: the epidermis (epithelium) and the dermis (mesenchyme). While this crosstalk involves integrins, its regulations are poorly understood. The transmembrane protein CD98hc interacts with amino acid transporter and regulates integrin signaling. CD98hc which is expressed at the cell membrane of proliferative cells, specifically epithelial cells, is required for tissue homeostasis. We found that besides its expression in keratinocytes, CD98hc is also expressed in post-mitotic dermal fibroblast. Hence, I hypothesized that CD98hc is involved in epidermis/dermis crosstalk. Using a conditional KO mouse model that harbor a CD98hc deletion in dermal fibroblast, I have shown that dermal CD98hc is required to maintain mechanical and biochemical properties of the dermis. Moreover, I have shown that those CD98hc-dependent dermal properties are implicated in the regulation of the epidermal cell behavior during homeostasis, cutaneous barrier disruption and tumorigenesis. Moreover, the role of CD98hc in those processes seems to be age-related. To conclude, during my PhD, I have revealed a major role of CD98hc in the maintenance of skin homeostasis during aging and tumorigenesis
Aulin, Cecilia. "Extracellular Matrix Based Materials for Tissue Engineering". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för materialkemi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-110631.
Pełny tekst źródłaRother, Sandra. "The Sweet Side of the Extracellular Matrix -". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-229980.
Pełny tekst źródłaWang, He 1965. "Extracellular matrix metabolism in injury-induced atherosclerosis". Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40277.
Pełny tekst źródłaIt has been shown that synthesis of collagen and syndecan-1, a hybrid heparan/chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, is enhanced. In situ hybridization indicates that syndecan positive cells are restricted to the arterial neointima. These data confirm the importance of arterial SMC in ECM metabolism and indicate that increased synthesis contributes to ECM accumulation in neointima.
Remodelling of ECM in atherogenesis refers not only to increased ECM deposition, but also involves enhanced ECM catabolism. A family of zinc-containing proteinases, termed matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) has recently been implicated in atherosclerosis. Subsequently, we examined expression of two common MMPs, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in our model. The mRNAs for both MMPs are up-regulated, but their tissue distribution is different: MMP-2 positive cells are visible in neointima and in aortic media; whereas cells positive for MMP-9 are located only in neointima. MMPs are active at neutral pH and in tissue, their activity is regulated by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) including TIMP-1. The enhanced MMP expression in neointima makes it relevant to examine the simultaneous expression of TIMP-1. To do this, we cloned rabbit TIMP-1 from neointima using a PCR-cloning technique. Transformation of the cloned gene resulted in synthesis of a TIMP-1 protein in E. Coli. The concentration of TIMP-1 in neointima was examined and a significant increase of both mRNA and protein levels was observed. It is suggested that the proteolytic activity of MMPs contributes to ECM breakdown. However, this digestion is limited, as continuous augmentation of TIMP-1 expression is observed after aortic de-endothelialization.
Rathod, Hersha. "Osteoclast-extracellular matrix interaction and intracellular signalling". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387474.
Pełny tekst źródłaSmith, James George William. "Cellular responses to dental extracellular matrix molecules". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3432/.
Pełny tekst źródłaDobbie, H. "Matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE) : a putative phosphatonin". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1317741/.
Pełny tekst źródłaRicke, William Allen. "Extracellular matrix remodeling in ovine corpora lutea /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9974677.
Pełny tekst źródłaFutch, Tracy Ann. "Extracellular matrix protein receptors in Drosophila melanogaster". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280545.
Pełny tekst źródłaWong, Chee Wai. "Dermal fibroblast extracellular matrix regulates keratinocyte behaviour". Thesis, Curtin University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/68292.
Pełny tekst źródłaRodríguez, Escribà Marta. "Role of tRNA modifications in the synthesis of the extracellular matrix". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668499.
Pełny tekst źródłaEls ARNs de transferència (ARNt) són molècules que tenen un paper clau en el procés de traducció dels ARN missatgers (ARNm) en proteïnes mitjançant la interacció del seu anticodó amb codons d’ARNm. Els ARNt que passen per un procés d’edició d’adenosina a inosina a la base wobble, o posició 34, són capaços de llegir més d’un codó d’ARNm gràcies a la capacitat de la inosina de reconèixer els tres nucleòtids uridina, citidina i adenosina. L’enzim responsable d’aquesta modificació post-transcripcional en eucariotes s’anomena Adenosina Deaminasa específica per l’ARNt (ADAT), es tracta d’un complex heterodimèric format per les subunitats ADAT2 i ADAT3 que és essencial per a la viabilitat de l’organisme. Estudis previs han proposat que l’aparició d’ADAT va determinar el nombre de còpies gèniques de cada ARNt així com la composició de codons presents als genomes eucariòtics de tal manera que aquests dos factors estiguessin mútuament balancejats. Tot i que la contribució precisa de la inosina 34 (I34) a la traducció de proteïnes durant la fase d’elongació encara s’ha determinat experimentalment, algunes investigacions han suggerit que podria jugar un rol en l’eficiència i fidelitat de traducció de gens enriquits en codons reconeguts per ARNt modificats amb I34. Amb l’objectiu d’investigar el rol de la inosina en la traducció, hem generat línies cel·lulars on el gen codificant per ADAT2 ha estat silenciat. La depleció d’ADAT2 comporta un retard en el creixement cel·lular i té un efecte variable en l’expressió gènica de proteïnes de la matriu extracel·lular. El patró de modificacions post-traduccionals de glicosilació d’aquestes proteïnes no resulta alterat per la deficiència d’ADAT2, que tampoc activa la resposta a proteïnes desplegades. Juntament amb l’absència de defectes en la velocitat d’elongació analitzada per ribosome profiling, aquestes observacions suggereixen que la cèl·lula és capaç de dur a terme les seves funcions amb un nombre reduït d’ARNt modificats amb inosina. Hem vist, però, que en condicions que requereixen majors quantitats d’ARNt inosinats, la depleció d’ADAT2 dóna lloc a la traducció ineficient d’un gen de matriu extracel·lular altament enriquit en codons sensibles llegits per ARNt modificats. Així doncs, els nostres resultats indiquen que la inosina pot exercir un rol important en la síntesi de proteïnes de la matriu extracel·lular, particularment durant processos de desenvolupament neuronal i de remodelat de les vies respiratòries. La rellevància de la modificació I34 s’ha vist reforçada recentment per la identificació de mutacions de caire patogènic localitzades al gen que codifica ADAT3. Totes elles tenen en comú la presència de fenotips relacionats amb el desenvolupament neurològic. La mutació d’ADAT3 més comuna consisteix en la substitució d’un residu valina per un metionina (V144M) i està associada a la manifestació de discapacitat intel·lectual i estrabisme. En el present estudi hem caracteritzat l’activitat enzimàtica i l’estructura quaternària de l’ADAT humà, així com l’impacte de la mutació V144M d’ADAT3 en el complex heterdimèric. Els nostres revelen que la substitució V144M dóna lloc a una menor activitat enzimàtica d’ADAT. És possible que aquesta reducció es vegi influïda per les alteracions en l’estructura terciària i en la localització cel·lular d’ADAT3 que indueix la mutació.
Trignol, Aurélie. "The extracellular matrix as a biomaterial to optimize skeletal muscle regeneration". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1029.
Pełny tekst źródłaSkeletal muscle exhibits high capacity for regeneration after an injury that relies on resident stem cells. Muscle regeneration is tightly regulated by both the immune response and other resident cells, as well as by cues from the local extracellular matrix (ECM), contributing to a coordinated repair process. Muscle ECM is a network of structural macromolecules with a large majority of collagens and trophic molecules such as glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). In the skeletal muscle tissue, ECM was overlooked due to its complex organization making investigations difficult. Muscle regenerative ability can be overtaken in large muscle wasting, such as in volumetric muscle loss (VML), leading to fibrosis formation and chronic inflammation. This type of injury predominantly occurs in traumatology and in war-wounded patients, with functional disability despite an optimal treatment. The use of biomaterials could provide the biochemical and physical cues that are missing in this pathologic repair. In this work we have focused on obtaining a biomaterial composed of skeletal muscle ECM. We have tested several decellularization protocols both to preserve the three-dimensional architecture of the muscle ECM and to completely remove cell components in order to avoid a deleterious immune response after implantation. However, the protocol did not allow the preservation of trophic molecules such as GAGs, in the scaffold.“ReGenerating Agents” (RGTA®) are functionally analogous of GAGs with a crucial property to resist enzymatic degradation. They function to restore a proper microenvironment for tissue healing with already a clinical application in skin and corneal repair. We have explored the effects of RGTA® in muscle regeneration using an in vivo model in mouse. At early time of regeneration (day 8), we performed histologic analysis. We showed that regenerating myofibers contained more nuclei in the treated animals, in favor of an increase of progenitor fusion, which has been validated in vitro in myogenic cultures. The number of capillaries was higher in favor of a better angiogenesis. Lipid droplets, a marker of impaired regeneration, were reduced by RGTA® administration. At later time of regeneration (day 28), capillary number was still improved in favor of a durable effect of RGTA® on angiogenesis. RGTA® could be incorporated into biomaterials and are particularly resistant in an inflammatory environment, such as that occurring after a VML injury. Chemokines and growth factors could also be added in ECM-based scaffolds to promote the migration of progenitors that are essential for myofiber neoformation. Therapeutic efficacy of these optimized biomaterials will require to be evaluated in an in vivo model of VML
Bear, Harriet Mary. "The role of tyrosine rich acidic matrix protein in the extracellular matrix". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21534.
Pełny tekst źródłaLochter, André. "Control of neuronal differentiation by extracellular matrix constituents /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1993. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=10325.
Pełny tekst źródłaArdenne, A. J. d'. "The extracellular matrix of normal and neoplastic tissues". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376907.
Pełny tekst źródłaIbáñez, Ventoso Carolina. "Study of extracellular matrix synthesis in C. elegans". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2003. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5624/.
Pełny tekst źródłaDobler, Darin Paul. "Molecular pathology of glycated extracellular matrix in disease". Thesis, University of Essex, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486631.
Pełny tekst źródłaShen, Yun, i 沈筠. "The role of extracellular matrix in planarian regeneration". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206722.
Pełny tekst źródłaGavrilovic, J. "The role of metalloproteinases in extracellular matrix degradation". Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377546.
Pełny tekst źródłaSheridan, Carl Michael. "The retinal pigment epithelium and its extracellular matrix". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366682.
Pełny tekst źródłaRichardson, Lucy Elizabeth. "Extracellular matrix cues for mesenchymal stem cell differentiation". Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.444369.
Pełny tekst źródłaAlexopoulos, Evangelos Demetrios. "Extracellular matrix associated with human luteinizing granulosa cells". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369867.
Pełny tekst źródłaBilem, Ibrahim. "Micro-engineered substrates as bone extracellular matrix mimics". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27329.
Pełny tekst źródłaIt is becoming increasingly appreciated that the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) extends beyond acting as scaffolds to providing biochemical and biophysical cues, which are critically important in regulating stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. To date, more than 15 different extrinsic (environmental) factors, including the matrix spatial organization, topography, stiffness, porosity, biodegradability and chemistry have been identified as potent regulators of stem cells specification into lineage-specific progenies. Thus, it is plausible that the behavior of biomaterials inside the human body will depend to a large extent on their ability to mimic ECM properties of the tissue to be replaced. Recently, nano- and microengineering methods have emerged as an innovative tool to dissect the individual role of ECM features and understand how each element regulates stem cell fate. In addition, such tools are believed to be useful in reconstructing complex tissue-like structures resembling the native ECM to better predict and control cellular functions. In the thesis project presented here, the concept of deconstructing and reconstructing the ECM complexity was applied to reproduce several aspects inherent to the bone ECM and harness their individual or combinatorial effect on directing human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) differentiation towards the osteoblastic lineage. Three main components were used throughout this project: a model material (borosilicate glass), ECM derived peptides (adhesive RGD and osteoinductive BMP-2 mimetic peptides) and bone marrow derived hMSCs. All cell differentiation experiments were performed in the absence of soluble osteogenic factors in the medium in order to precisely assess the interplay between hMSCs and the different artificial matrices developed in the current study. First, RGD and/or BMP-2 peptides were covalently immobilized and randomly distributed on glass surfaces. The objective here was to investigate the effect of each peptide as well as their combination on regulating hMSCs osteogenic differentiation. The most important funding was that RGD and BMP-2 peptides can act synergistically to enhance hMSCs osteogenesis. Then, micropatterning technique (photolithography) was introduced to control the spatial distribution of RGD and BMP-2 at the micrometer scale. The peptides were grafted individually onto glass substrates, as specific micropatterns of varied shapes (triangular, square and rectangle geometries) but constant size (50 μm² per pattern). In this second part of the project, the focus was made on investigating the role of ligands presentation in a spatially controlled manner in directing hMSCs differentiation into osteoblasts. Herein, we demonstrated that the effect of microscale geometric cues on stem cell differentiation is peptide dependent. Finally, glass surfaces modified with combined and spatially distributed peptides were used as in vitro cell culture models to evaluate the interplay between RGD/BMP-2 crosstalk and microscale geometric cues in regulating stem cell fate. In this study, we revealed that the combination of several ECM cues (ligand crosstalk and geometric cues), instead of the action of individual cues further enhances hMSCs osteogenesis. Overall, our findings provide new insights into the role of single ECM features as well their cooperation in regulating hMSCs fate. Such studies would allow the reconstruction of stem cell microenvironment in all the aspects ex vivo, which may pave the way towards the development of clinically relevant tissue-engineered constructs. Keywords: Chemical micropatterning, bioactive surfaces, mimetic peptides, BMP-2, mesenchymal stem cells, stem-cell differentiation, stem-cell niche, osteogenesis.
Reisbig, Nathalie Ann. "Decellularization to Produce Biological Synovial Extracellular Matrix Scaffolds". The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461136148.
Pełny tekst źródłaShah, Mickey. "Cardiac Repair Using A Decellularized Xenogeneic Extracellular Matrix". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1542631193281779.
Pełny tekst źródłaUmaña, Diaz Claudia. "Lysyl Oxidase-Like 2 in vascular morphogenesis and extracellular matrix scaffolding". Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066287.
Pełny tekst źródłaSprouting angiogenesis is associated with major extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling, consisting in both degradation of the microenvironment and generation of a new basement membrane. We have previously reported that lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2), an enzyme responsible for ECM crosslinking, regulates formation of intersomitic vessels (ISV) of zebrafish embryos and of capillaries in 3D hydrogels. In this manuscript we investigated the mechanisms involved. We found that LOXL2 associates with fibronectin and collagen IV intracellulary before direct incorporation in fibrillar structures of the ECM upon exocytosis. In addition, silencing LOXL2 demonstrated its involvement in ECM deposition as both composition and stiffness of the ECM were affected, which subsequently altered maturation of cell adhesion structures. Whereas LOXL2 is not required for formation of capillaries on top of a fibroblast monolayer, in a 2D assay, ECM defaults were associated with altered formation of capillaries in 3D hydrogels.Neither addition of exogenous LOXL2, nor increasing the stiffness of hydrogels could restore capillary formation. Moreover, we could show that neither the catalytic activity nor the catalytic domain were required for capillary formation in vivo and in 3D hydrogels, and for collagen IV deposition by endothelial cells. Altogether, these data suggest that the SRCR domains of LOXL2 expressed by endothelial cells regulate 3D capillary morphogenesis through scaffolding of fibronectin and collagen IV in the ECM
Abdallah, Maya. "Développer des hydrogels et étudier les effets des propriétés mécaniques sur les activités biologiques des podocytes". Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTS065.
Pełny tekst źródłaExtracellular matrix (ECM), non-cellular component, regulates and maintains the main biological activities of cells such as cellular survival, proliferation and differentiation. Recently, hydrogels scaffolds have shown a remarkable advancement as candidates for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Hydrogels are defined as hydrophilic polymer network having the ability to hold a large amount of water and biological fluid. Various natural and synthetic hydrogels have been studied and developed in many tissue regeneration purposes. They provide an appropriate mechanical support, chemical and biological cues mimicking the native extracellular matrix (ECM). These artificial matrices characteristics contribute to induce the cellular functions as adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. The thesis aim was to develop polymers based hydrogels and to study the effect of their physical properties on podocyte kidney cells. Synthetic hydrolyzed polyacrylamide based hydrogel (PAAm) was the choice of study where the physical properties can be tailored and tuned over a wide range. These scaffolds have provided elasticity similar to the in vivo glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and have shown a suitable candidate for the regulation of podocyte functions. Moreover, the development of synthetic and biologic hybrid hydrogels was able to mimic the biological and mechanical properties of native ECM. The combination of gelatin methacrylate and acrylamide (GelMA-AAm) based hydrogels have been investigated and has shown tunable mechanical properties mimicking the native kidney GBM elasticity and a significant attachment of podocytes without any surface functionalization with adhesion proteins. This work permits to investigate the cellular physiology and to develop kidney-on-chip in order to study the functions of kidney on both healthy and diseased states
Tissot, Floriane. "Rôle de CD98hc dans les fibroblastes dermiques au cours de l’homéostasie et de la tumorigenèse cutanées". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4129.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe epithelial/mesenchymal interaction is crucial for many physiopathological processes. During my PhD, I focused on mesenchymal signals that regulate epithelial cells behavior using the skin as model. The skin is composed of 2 main compartments: the epidermis (epithelium) and the dermis (mesenchyme). While this crosstalk involves integrins, its regulations are poorly understood. The transmembrane protein CD98hc interacts with amino acid transporter and regulates integrin signaling. CD98hc which is expressed at the cell membrane of proliferative cells, specifically epithelial cells, is required for tissue homeostasis. We found that besides its expression in keratinocytes, CD98hc is also expressed in post-mitotic dermal fibroblast. Hence, I hypothesized that CD98hc is involved in epidermis/dermis crosstalk. Using a conditional KO mouse model that harbor a CD98hc deletion in dermal fibroblast, I have shown that dermal CD98hc is required to maintain mechanical and biochemical properties of the dermis. Moreover, I have shown that those CD98hc-dependent dermal properties are implicated in the regulation of the epidermal cell behavior during homeostasis, cutaneous barrier disruption and tumorigenesis. Moreover, the role of CD98hc in those processes seems to be age-related. To conclude, during my PhD, I have revealed a major role of CD98hc in the maintenance of skin homeostasis during aging and tumorigenesis
Chan, Cheuk-ming. "Controlled protein release from collagen matrix". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B3955868X.
Pełny tekst źródłaMuddana, Hari Shankar. "Integrated biomechanical model of cells embedded in extracellular matrix". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1074.
Pełny tekst źródłaKurth, Ina. "Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation inside Extracellular Matrix functionalized Microcavities". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-68614.
Pełny tekst źródłaDie Homöostase der Hämatopoietischen Stamm- und Vorläuferzellen (HSC) in der Knochenmark Nische wird von einer Vielzahl exogener Faktoren gezielt reguliert. Diese Faktoren orchestrieren intrazelluläre Vorgänge, deren in vivo Analyse kompliziert ist. Die vorliegende These widmet sich einem neuen biotechnologischen Ansatz, der systematische Studien von Knochenmark-relevanten Faktoren ermöglicht. Im Speziellen wurde die Rolle 3D-präsentierter Zell Adhäsionsliganden in Kombination mit verschiedenen Konzentrationen löslicher Zytokine untersucht. Die Auswertung der Proliferation und Differenzierung von humanen HSC auf Einzelzell- und Populationsebene offenbarte die synergistischen und antagonistischen Effekte von Adhäsions- und Zytokinsignalen in ihrer Abhängigkeit von der Verteilung und der Anzahl von Adhäsionsliganden sowie der Zytokinkonzentration. Um die poröse Struktur des Knochenmarks in vivo-ähnlich darzustellen, wurde eine Zellkultur Plattform mit Mikrokavitäten verschiedenster Dimensionen von Multi- bis Einzelzellgröße entwickelt und mit Molekülen der extrazellulären Matrix beschichtet. Die Vorteile dieser Plattform liegen in der offenen 3D-Geometrie dieses mikrokavitäten Kultursystems, die den Zellen ermöglichte verschiedene Wachstumsbedingungen bezüglich Homing, Migration, Adhäsion oder Suspension frei zu erkunden. Das leicht zugängliche Setup eignete sich zudem hervorragend für die zytometrische Analyse der Zellen oder die quantitative Mikroskopie. Die Einzelzellanalyse adhärenter HSC ergab eine Reduktion von DNA Synthese und eine höhere Expression von Stammzelloberflächenfaktoren innerhalb der Einzelzell-Mikrokavitäten bei niedrigen Zytokinkonzentrationen . Dieser Effekt spiegelte sich auch auf Populationsebene in verminderter Proliferation und Differenzierung mit abnehmender Größe der Mikrokavitäten wider. Wurde die Zytokinkonzentration jedoch weit über physiologische Bedingungen erhöht, verminderte sich der Effekt (reduzierte DNA Synthese und höhere Stammzellfaktorexpression) beschrieben für die Einzelzellmikrokavitäten. Dieses Ergebnis verdeutlicht die empfindliche intrazelluläre Balance, vermittelt durch Adhäsionsignale und löslichen Faktoren, die das Verhalten von HSCs regulieren. Aufgrund des 3D-Charakters des Zellkulturträgers wurden innerhalb kleiner Mikrokavitäten mehr Adhäsionsrezeptoren ringsum die Zelle aktiviert. Dieser Vorteil gegenüber den Multizellkavitäten oder der herkömmlichen 2D–Zellkultur ermöglichte eine hohe Anzahl adhäsionsvermittelter Signale mit entsprechend höherer Proliferations-inhibitorischer Wirkung. Je höher die Konzentration der Zytokine war, desto stärker erfolgte die Stimulation der Proliferation und Differenzierung. Auf 2D Substraten, initiierte Adhäsion zu Fibronektin und Heparin innerhalb der ersten 24h einen frühen Zell-Zyklus-Start im Gegensatz zu nicht adhärenten Zellen. Die Zytokine im Zellmedium förderten die Integrin Aktivierung, was zu einer schnellen Zelladhäsion führte. Die Adhäsionsrezeptoren wiederum kooperieren mit Zytokinrezeptoren im Zellinneren und begünstigten damit einen zeitigeren Zell-Zyklus- Start. Allerdings stellte sich danach ein Gleichgewicht im Kultursystem ein, wobei weniger adhärente Zellen als nicht-adhärente Zellen den Zellzyklus durchliefen. Des Weiteren war die Zellzyklusrate innerhalb von 3D Mikrokavitäten niedriger verglichen mit herkömmlichen 2D Substraten. Diese Ergebnisse bestätigen ferner obenstehende These, dass Zytokin-induzierte Zellexpansion durch erhöhte Zelladhäsions-vermittelte Signale überschrieben wird. Um die in vitro Studien zu komplettieren wurde ein in vivo Repopulationsversuch durchgeführt. HSC kultiviert auf Einzel-Zell-Mikrokavitäten übertrafen frisch isolierte Konkurrenz-Zellen in einem kompetitiven Repopulationsversuch. Dieses erste Ergebnis zeigt, dass sich der Zellgröße entsprechende Biomaterialien für die erfolgreiche Stammzell-Kultur eignen. Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit bieten eine vielversprechende in vitro Zellkulturstrategie, die ein besseres Verständnis der Einflüsse von exogenen Signalen auf HSC erlaubt und damit eine Grundlage für neue Erkenntnisse in Richtung erfolgreicheres Tissue Engineering und klinische Anwendungen im Bereich der regenerativen Medizin bildet
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Pełny tekst źródłaAl-Abbasi, Maan Majid Salih. "Extracellular matrix changes in degenerated and painful intervertebral discs". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.550315.
Pełny tekst źródłaHarvey, Ann K. "Multiscale Structural and Functional Imaging of Tendon Extracellular Matrix". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.525250.
Pełny tekst źródłaMcCarthy, Liam Sean Lloyd. "Extracellular matrix biology in normal and abnormal bladder development". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444818/.
Pełny tekst źródłaUysal, Hamdi. "Extracellular matrix glycoproteins of skin fibroblasts in tuberous sclerosis". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13094/.
Pełny tekst źródłaFranklin, Sarah Louise. "The extracellular matrix in a model of murine scrapie". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440256.
Pełny tekst źródłaThorpe, C. T. "Extracellular matrix synthesis and degradation in functionally distinct tendons". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/549610/.
Pełny tekst źródłaMongkoldhumrongkul, Napachanok. "Endothelial regulation of extracellular matrix in the aortic valve". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/25048.
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