Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „External signal”
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Chatterjee, Shre Kumar. "An approach towards plant electrical signal based external stimuli monitoring system". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/412357/.
Pełny tekst źródłaFabbri, Vlad. "Study of the external background on the SAND detector". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21723/.
Pełny tekst źródłaDavid, Etienne. "Time series forecasting models applied on large datasets with inclusion of external signals". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAS002.
Pełny tekst źródłaTime series forecasting is a widespread mathematical problem in numerous sectors becoming a real challenge for existing methods of the literature where large datasets gathering thousands of time series and external signals are considered. A concrete illustration of this issue can be find in the fashion industry where its actors try to anticipate the evolution of thousands of garments to create their collections, analysing influencers and early adopters behaviours to propose the fashion of tomorrow.Using this application as a common thread, we present three contributions exploring different answers regarding the time series forecasting problem where large datasets and external signals are considered. A first answer is proposed with the introduction of a new hybrid model and the publication of a large dataset gathering 10000 fashion time series and influencers external signals. A second approach is then studied with theoretical work done on hidden Markov models with external signals. Finally, a last answer is proposed with the introduction of a new method mixing the inner workings of hidden Markov model and neural networks.Results presented in this three contribution highlighted several elements of answer. Firstly, neural networks are decisive to deal with large datasets and they are particularly well designed to leverage external signals. Secondly, hidden Markov models with external signals are also strong methods that can capture complex dependencies between time series and their external signals. However, they fail at handling large datasets as a model has to be trained for each new time series. Finally, inspired by the striking results of hidden Markov models with external signals, we reveal that introducing hidden processes in neural-network-based models can help them explore large datasets more deeply, model a richer variety of behaviour and leverage more finely external signals
Fink, Jenny. "Mechanotransduction in mitotic spindle positioning : Role of external forces and mechanical cortex properties". Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112117.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn mitosis, positioning of the microtubule spindle represents a key process that is conserved from yeast to animal cells. It is essential for cell fate, development and tissue organization and perturbations of this process can have as dramatic effects as uncontrolled cell dissemination and death of the whole organism. In animal cells, external stimuli are thought to polarize the actin cortex, and this polarization is subsequently transduced to the microtubule spindle leading to its positioning. During my thesis, I studied the influence of extracellular pulling forces on mitotic spindle orientation in cultured cells. We demonstrated that these extracellular forces that were transmitted to the mitotic cell body via retraction fibres could direct spindle positioning. We thus identified a novel function for mechanotransduction, i. E. The conversion of mechanical forces into biochemical signals that finally induce a cellular response, in the context of mitotic spindle positioning. These findings additionally demonstrate that biochemical cues -predominantly investigated by previous studies - are not the only important signals regulating spindle positioning. We could furthermore show that the actin cortex is mechanically polarized during mitosis: one cortex quadrant was often up to twice stiffer than the remaining three quadrants. The mitotic spindle appeared to be aligned with this stiffness gradient, one pole facing the stiffest quadrant. Simulations of spindle dynamics, performed in the group of François Nedelec, could predict this observed behaviour when using our measured parameters for cortical rigidity and microtubule dynamics
Ostrander, Charles Nicholas. "Phase alignment of asynchronous external clock controllable devices to periodic master control signal using the Periodic Event Synchronization Unit". Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/ostrander/OstranderC0509.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaANDRE, GIOVANNA BORGHI DE ALMEIDA. "STUDY OF THE INTERACTION OF A PULSED SEMICONDUCTOR LASER WITH ON EXTERNAL OPTICAL SIGNAL AND APPLICATIONS TO THE OPTICAL SAMPLING TECHNIQUE". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 1994. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=14578@1.
Pełny tekst źródłaTELECOMUNICAÇÕES BRASILEIRAS S/A
A interação entre dois lasers semicondutores operando em regime de chaveamento de ganho foi estudada, em função do comprimento de onda e das condições de operação de cada um. Mostrou-se que um laser netas condições pode operar como um detetor com resolução de até alguns picossegundos, num sistema de amostragem óptica.
The interaction of two gain-switched semiconductor lasers was studied as a function of wavelength and operation condition of each one. It has been shown that a laser under these conditions can function as a detector with time-resolution up to a few picoseconds for an optical sampling system.
Kawala-Janik, Aleksandra. "Efficiency evaluation of external environments control using bio-signals". Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2013. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/9810/.
Pełny tekst źródłaFargeas, Aureline. "Classification, feature extraction and prediction of side effects in prostate cancer radiotherapy". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1S022/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaProstate cancer is among the most common types of cancer worldwide. One of the standard treatments is external radiotherapy, which involves delivering ionizing radiation to a clinical target, in this instance the prostate and seminal vesicles. The goal of radiotherapy is to achieve a maximal local control while sparing neighboring organs (mainly the rectum and the bladder) to avoid normal tissue complications. Understanding the dose/toxicity relationships is a central question for improving treatment reliability at the inverse planning step. Normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) toxicity prediction models have been developed in order to predict toxicity events using dosimetric data. The main considered information are dose-volume histograms (DVH), which provide an overall representation of dose distribution based on the dose delivered per percentage of organ volume. Nevertheless, current dose-based models display limitations as they are not fully optimized; most of them do not include additional non-dosimetric information (patient, tumor and treatment characteristics). Furthermore, they do not provide any understanding of local relationships between dose and effect (dose-space/effect relationship) as they do not exploit the rich information from the 3D planning dose distributions. In the context of rectal bleeding prediction after prostate cancer external beam radiotherapy, the objectives of this thesis are: i) to extract relevant information from DVH and non-dosimetric variables, in order to improve existing NTCP models and ii) to analyze the spatial correlations between local dose and side effects allowing a characterization of 3D dose distribution at a sub-organ level. Thus, strategies aimed at exploiting the information from the radiotherapy planning (DVH and 3D planned dose distributions) were proposed. Firstly, based on independent component analysis, a new model for rectal bleeding prediction by combining dosimetric and non-dosimetric information in an original manner was proposed. Secondly, we have developed new approaches aimed at jointly taking advantage of the 3D planning dose distributions that may unravel the subtle correlation between local dose and side effects to classify and/or predict patients at risk of suffering from rectal bleeding, and identify regions which may be at the origin of this adverse event. More precisely, we proposed three stochastic methods based on principal component analysis, independent component analysis and discriminant nonnegative matrix factorization, and one deterministic method based on canonical polyadic decomposition of fourth order array containing planned dose. The obtained results show that our new approaches exhibit in general better performances than state-of-the-art predictive methods
Špaček, Jan. "D/A převodník pro audio s externím ovládáním pomocí mikrokontroléru". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219725.
Pełny tekst źródłaHwang, Isabel. "An initial study on external warning signals for Quiet Road Transport Vehicles". Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Produktutveckling, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-31111.
Pełny tekst źródłaLi, Wangzhe. "Photonic Generation of Microwave and Millimeter Wave Signals". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24026.
Pełny tekst źródłaPlesse, François. "Intégration de Connaissances aux Modèles Neuronaux pour la Détection de Relations Visuelles Rares". Thesis, Paris Est, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PESC1003.
Pełny tekst źródłaData shared throughout the world has a major impact on the lives of billions of people. It is critical to be able to analyse this data automatically in order to measure and alter its impact. This analysis is tackled by training deep neural networks, which have reached competitive results in many domains. In this work, we focus on the understanding of daily life images, in particular on the interactions between objects and people that are visible in images, which we call visual relations.To complete this task, neural networks are trained in a supervised manner. This involves minimizing an objective function that quantifies how detected relations differ from annotated ones. Performance of these models thus depends on how widely and accurately annotations cover the space of visual relations.However, existing annotations are not sufficient to train neural networks to detect uncommon relations. Thus we integrate knowledge into neural networks during the training phase. To do this, we model semantic relationships between visual relations. This provides a fuzzy set of relations that more accurately represents visible relations. Using the semantic similarities between relations, the model is able to learn to detect uncommon relations from similar and more common ones. However, the improved training does not always translate to improved detections, because the objective function does not capture the whole relation detection process. Thus during the inference phase, we combine knowledge to model predictions in order to predict more relevant relations, aiming to imitate the behaviour of human observers
Jelitto, Till C. "Role of external signals and cytosolic pH during the pre-penetration phase of infection by Magnaporthe grisea". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12287.
Pełny tekst źródłaArborelius, Maja, i Anna Karlsson. "Kan företag bidra till en hållbar konsumtion? En fallstudie om företagens externa kommunikationsstrategier". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23858.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe study investigates which kind of communication strategies companies use to affect and to convey knowledge about a sustainable consumption. The study is based on signal theory and information asymmetry to clearly show which strategies are best for companies to use to communicate externally. The strategies included in the study are certifications, standards & environmental audit, sustainability report & GRI, cooperation & UN sustainable development goals and finally ecolabelling. The study shows that all strategies are a prerequisite for companies to influence and communicate knowledge about sustainable consumption; Furthermore, give more credible sustainability work. It turned out all four companies used more or less of all strategies, but none of the companies used external auditing, which could help them achieve more trustworthy communication.
Rondelet, Arnaud. "Caractérisation d'une nouvelle voie d'adressage des protéines à la membrane externe des bactéries à Gram négatif". Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00833222.
Pełny tekst źródłaKHALIL, ULLAH XXX. "Extraction of Muscle Anatomical and Physiological Information from Multi-Channel Surface EMG Signals: Applications in Obstetrics". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2642318.
Pełny tekst źródłaBousabaa, Sofiane. "Acoustic Green’s Function Estimation using Numerical Simulations and Application to Extern Aeroacoustic Beamforming". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS228.
Pełny tekst źródłaAcoustic imaging techniques aims at characterizing the different acoustic sources of noise on an aircraft using microphone array measurements. Those techniques require the knowledge of the acoustic Green’s function of the medium. Unfortunately, this function is known only for cases of relatively simple complexity and the use of approximate Green’s function can lead to errors in the identification of the sources. The main aim of this thesis is to set up a numerical method for the estimation of the Green’s function for aeroacoustic imaging applications. The method must have a minimal computational cost and provide a sufficiently accurate estimation to be used on realistic industrial configurations. The proposed methodology takes advantage of the sparsity of the Green’s functions in the time-domain. This results in a system identification problem and sparsity-based regression algorithms can be used to solve it. First, the method is validated on complex 3D numerical test cases typical of those encountered in the industry. For configurations involving a high number of focus points, the reverse-flow reciprocity simplifies significantly the Green’s function estimation problem. The methodology is finally applied on high lift 2D wing data placed in the ONERA CEPRA19 open section anechoic wind tunnel justifying the applicability of the method on realistic industrial configurations
Djilas, Milan. "Interprétation des informations sensorielles des récepteurs du muscle squelettique pour le contrôle externe". Phd thesis, Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20092.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe topic of this thesis was the rehabilitation of movement of paralyzed limbs through functional electrical stimulation (FES). The objective of the project was to explore the possibility of using information from sensory nerve fibers of muscle receptors as feedback of the closed-loop control of FES systems using intrafascicular peripheral nerve electrodes. Acute animal experiments were performed to record afferent muscle spindle responses to passive stretch. The recordings were performed using the new thin-film Longitudinal Intra-Fascicular Electrode (tfLIFE), developed by Dr. Ken Yoshida at Aalborg University in Denmark. A first-order model of muscle spindle response to passive muscle stretch was proposed that manages to capture the non-linear properties of the afferent neural activity. Moreover, estimation of muscle state from the recorded multi-channel ENG provided more robust results compared to using single-channel recordings. For the abovementioned model to be usable in a estimator of muscle state, the rate of change of muscle length during movement must have negligible effect on model parameters. A neural spike detection and classification scheme was developed for the purpose of isolating sensory neural activity of muscle receptors having minimal sensitivity to the velocity of muscle motion. The algorithm was based on the multi-scale continuous wavelet transform using complex wavelets. The detection scheme outperformes the commonly used simple threshold detection, especially with recordings having low SNR. Results of classification of units indicate that the developed classifier is able to isolate activity having linear relationship with muscle length, which is a step towards on-line model-based estimation of muscle length that can be used in a closed-loop FES system with natural sensory feedback. One of the main issues limiting the interpretation of ENG data is the low level of the neural signal compared to the level of noise in the recordings. Our hypothesis was that shielding the implant site would help improve signal-to-noise level. Experimental results from a preliminary study we had performed indicate that placing a standard cuff electrode around the tfLIFE active sites increases the level of ENG signal in the recordings
Djilas, Milan. "Interprétation des informations sensorielles des récepteurs du muscle squelettique pour le contrôle externe". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00333530.
Pełny tekst źródłaPour que le modèle ci-dessus puisse être utilisé pour l'estimation de l'état du muscle, le taux de variation de la longueur du muscle pendant le mouvement doit avoir un effet négligeable sur les paramètres du modèle. Nous avons proposé dans cette thèse une approche pour la détection et la classification de pics dans l'enregisrement neural dans l'objectif d'isoler les activités neurales sensorielles des récepteurs musculaires ayant une sensibilité minimale à la vitesse de l'élongation musculaire. L'algorithme est basé sur la transformée en ondelettes continue multi-échelle utilisant des ondelettes complexes. Le système de détection utilise une simple détection par seuillage, couramment utilisée, particulièrement avec les enregistrements ayant un faible rapport signal sur bruit. Les résultats de classification des unités montrent que la classification développée est capable d'isoler l'activité ayant une relation linéaire avec la longueur du muscle. Ceci constitue une étape vers une estimation, en ligne basée modèle, de la longueur du muscle qui pourra être utilisée dans un système FES en boucle fermée utilisant des informations sensorielles naturelles.
Un des principaux problèmes limitant l'interprétation des données ENG est le faible niveau du signal neural par rapport à celui du bruit dans l'enregistrement. Nos hypothèses ont été que le blindage de l'implant aiderait à améliorer le rapport signal sur bruit. Des résultats expérimentaux, issus d'une étude préliminaire que nous avons réalisée, montrent que le placement d'électrodes standards à manchon placées autour du site d'implantation de la tfLIFE augmentait le niveau du signal ENG dans les enregistrements.
Cardoso, André Martins. "Sistema de sinalização pictográfica para o Externato da Quintinha". Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6615.
Pełny tekst źródłaPerret, Stéphanie. "Imagerie confocale du signal calcique dans un modèle de cellules non-excitables de la prostate humaine". Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR28659.
Pełny tekst źródłaDenux, Francis. "Diffusion du signal isotopique dans le névé et dans la glace : Implication pour l'échantillonnage". Grenoble 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10254.
Pełny tekst źródłaGhebrebrhan, Ogubazghi. "Amelioration des performances d'un systeme radar vhf par des techniques de codage et de pretraitement : analyse et mise en oeuvre". Toulon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOUL0002.
Pełny tekst źródłaLeprettre, Benoit. "Reconnaissance de signaux sismiques d'avalanches par fusion de données estimées dans les domaines temps, temps-fréquence et polarisation". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10182.
Pełny tekst źródłaGuédon, Stéphane. "Système à base de connaissances pour l'aide à la surveillance océanique à partir d'un réseau de magnétomètres". Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPG0132.
Pełny tekst źródłaMalachias, Celso dos Santos. "Proposta do framework visão periférica estendida para a geração de ideias e inovações em empresas de serviços de tecnologia da informação a partir de sinais externos". reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/17737.
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Esta tese examina o mecanismo de aquisição e interpretação pelas empresas, de sinais gerados no mercado, e que estimulam inovação, a partir da aplicação do marco analítico (“framework”) conceitual Visão Periférica Estendida (VPE). Este framework conceitual representa a capacidade que a empresa possui de monitorar seu ambiente externo, adquirir informações e convertê-las em ideias e inovações. Como proposição, argumenta-se que os elementos que integram o framework impactam na geração de ideias e na implantação de inovações. Adotou-se a metodologia qualitativa com entrevistas com executivos chave em doze empresas de serviços de Tecnologia de Informação. Foram encontradas evidências que suportam o framework VPE proposto como mecanismo de geração de ideias e inovações a partir de sinais externos. A empresa que gerou mais inovações foi também a mais aderente ao framework. A validade externa do modelo foi realizada comparando-se os resultados obtidos com dados secundários públicos de relatórios sobre inovações como resultado, elaborados por empresas de consultoria. As fases propostas no framework foram confirmadas mediante depoimentos dos executivos. Destacaram-se três conjuntos de achados: 1) capacidades, 2) práticas e 3) tendências; 1) As capacidades habilitadoras da inovação subdivididas em: liderança, comportamental, mercado, ressignificação, “glocal”, e engenharia; 2) As práticas percebidas para a geração de ideias e inovações categorizadas em temas: busca de padrões, procedimentos, ampliação do escopo de análise com o cliente, e análise do mercado; 3) As tendências monitoradas pelas empresas: tecnologia, modelos de negócios e sociais- demográficas. As inovações como resultado constatadas foram: processo, produto, modelos de negócios, organizacional, estrutural e marketing. Este trabalho contribui com a prática gerencial propondo um framework conceitual para a geração de ideias e inovações a partir de sinais externos à empresa. Ainda, apresenta uma série de práticas e capacidades que líderes de empresas podem se apropriar e replicar em suas realidades. Do ponto de vista acadêmico, contribui com uma literatura atualizada a respeito do tema da inovação vinda de fora da empresa, de forma integrada em seus elementos constituintes.
This dissertation examines the mechanisms companies use to acquire and interpret market signals, and which stimulate innovation. It applies the Extended Peripheral Vision (EPV) conceptual framework, which represents a company’s capacity to monitor its external environment, acquire information, and convert it into ideas and innovation. As a proposition, it argues that the elements that compose the EPV framework impact on the generation of ideas and on the implementation of innovation. Following a qualitative methodology, interviews with top-level executives from twelve Information Technology service companies were conducted. This study found evidences that support the proposed EPV framework as a mechanism of idea and innovation generation from external signals. The company that generated more innovations was also the one most adherent to the framework. The external validity of the model was made by comparing this research results with secondary data from publicly available reports on innovation, prepared by consulting firms. The interviews with the top-level executives confirmed the proposed stages in the framework. These can be aggregated into three groups: 1) capabilities, 2) practices, and 3) trends. 1) The capabilities could be further divided into leadership, behavioral, market-related, reframing, “glocal”, and associated to engineering. 2) The practices seen as relevant for the production of ideas and innovation can be categorized in: search of standards, procedures, expansion of the client’s scope of analyzes, and market analysis. 3) The trends companies have monitored are: technology, business models and socio-demographic trends. The resulting innovations were related to: process, product, business model, organizational, structural, and marketing. This dissertation contributes to the business management practice with a conceptual framework for the generation of ideas and innovation, based on external signals to the company. Moreover, it presents a series of practices and capabilities that business leaders can use and replicate in their own context. It also contributes to the academic scholars with an updated literature review of the innovation topic coming from external signals, in an integrated form of its constitutive elements.
Galle, Sylvie. "Analyse des champs spatiaux par utilisation de la télédétection : estimation de la durée quotidienne d'insolation en France à l'aide d'images du satellite Météosat et de mesures sol". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00694114.
Pełny tekst źródłaHamm, Luc. "Modélisation numérique bidimensionnelle de la propagation de la houle dans la zone de déferlement". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10147.
Pełny tekst źródłaStoltz, Gilles. "Information incomplète et regret interne en prédiction de suites individuelles". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009759.
Pełny tekst źródłaMerzouk, Khalil. "ÉTUDE D'UN SYSTÈME BAS COÛT DE TRANSMISSION OPTIQUE PAR MULTIPLEXAGE TEMPOREL". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00348066.
Pełny tekst źródłaLee, Sun-Lu, i 李尚儒. "Chromatic Dispersion Monitoring using External Clock Signal". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98889990467266028342.
Pełny tekst źródła國立臺灣科技大學
光電工程研究所
101
The current need for the information society is requiring the high speed, large capacity and long transmission distance in fiber optical communications. Because of the significant improvement in the optical fiber amplifier, the attenuation is not the main factor inhibiting the optic fiber communication system for long transmission. Instead, the chromatic dispersion (CD) will cause the inter symbol interference, deteriorate the bit error rate, and limit the communication capacity and transmission distance. Particularly, in the dense wavelength division multiplexing system with the channel bit rate over 40 Gbit/s, it’s very important to dynamically monitor the CD and compensate it in an effective manner. In this paper, the clock from original pattern generator was utilized for CD monitoring in theory analysis and experimental characterization. The research work included the improvement in the optic fiber communication system capacity and transmission distance with high performance CD management. In order to achieve low dispersion besides the real-time monitoring, the accumulated CD value was compensated by the laboratory-made CMOS compatible all-pass optical ring resonator. In order to distinguish the positive and negative dispersions, a typical way was to use the functions of splitting and transmission through two sections with opposite dispersive elements for total dispersion reading. A simple approach was proposed and illustrated to only implement a small dispersive element, such as 85 ps/nm, on to the additional optical CD monitor, which was connected with the original dispersive monitoring by the optical splitter. For the CD monitoring, the 850 ps/nm was presented and the positive dispersion was simultaneously demonstrated.
Liao, Chih-Wei, i 廖志偉. "A Study of Operating Regimes of a Gyrotron Backward-Wave Oscillator Driven by an External Signal". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58704496548410596295.
Pełny tekst źródła南台科技大學
光電工程系
96
A gyrotron backward wave oscillator is a promising source of coherent millimeter wave radiation based on the electron maser instability on a backward waveguide mode. However, the requirement on phase coherence is strict for applications. Controlling the phase and frequency of a gyrotron backward-wave oscillator (gyro-BWO) by means of injection-locking techniques is of practical importance. Using a nonlinear self-consistent time-independent code and analyze of stability to delineate the drive curve. The simulation results of gyro-BWO driven by an external signal show that there are three roots exist. The operating regimes of a gyro-BWO driven by an external signal are analyzed using nonlinear oscillation theory, linear theory, nonlinear code, and Adler’s curve. When the beam current is below free-running start oscillation current, the results of the nonlinear simulation are consistent with the results of the amplifier’s linear theory. This is an amplifier regime. When the beam current is above start oscillation current, there are three different operating regimes, amplifier regime, mode competing regime and phase-locking oscillation regime in a gyro-BWO driven by an external signal. There are three possible mode, amplifier mode, unstable mode and phase-locking oscillation mode in the mode competing regime. Due to nonlinear oscillation theory the solutions of the unstable mode are the steady-state solutions, but aren’t stable solutions.
Shiao, Jhih-Liang, i 蕭誌良. "A Study of Operating Regimes of a Gyrotron Traveling-Wave Tube Driven by an External Signal". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21810689703265754785.
Pełny tekst źródła南台科技大學
光電工程系
97
A gyrotron backward wave oscillator and traveling wave tube are a promising source of coherent millimeter wave radiation based on the electron maser instability. However, the requirement on phase coherence is strict for applications. In the gyro-BWO, oscillations build up via the ECM interaction in an internal feedback loop composed of the forward moving electron beam and backward propagation waves. Using a nonlinear self-consistent time-independent code to simulated gyro-BWO driven by an external signal and analyze of efficiency as function of drive power, efficiency and gain as function of difference current and comparison with the measured results of NTHU. In this paper, using distributed-loss Gyro-TWA and operating at different current, the simulation results of gyro-TWA driven by an external signal show that there are three roots exist. And only need very small injection of power to achieve stable phase-locking oscillation and with high output power and high-gain. When the beam current is below free-running start oscillation current, the results of the nonlinear simulation are consistent with the results of the amplifier’s linear theory. This is an amplifier regime. When the beam current is above start oscillation current, there are three different operating regimes, amplifier regime, mode competing regime and phase-locking oscillation regime in a gyro-TWA driven by an external signal. There are three possible regime, amplifier regime, unstable regime and phase-locking oscillation regime in the mode competing regime. Using steady-state solution and locking bandwidth curve to analyze Gyro-TWA operation in phase-locking oscillation regime. Performance of gyro-TWA is predicted to yield the peak power of 200 kW corresponds to a saturated gain of 90 dB and saturated efficiency of 27%, bandwidth of 7 GHz and electron beam with an axial velocity spread 5 %. In the mode competing, when the traveling wave tube operating in the phase-locking oscillation mode can effectively suppress the oscillation of non-operating mode. Using this mechanism in low-voltage operation of the Gyro-TWA, will have high current and intention length of long, so can compensate for low operating voltage drop caused by the efficiency of decrease.
Kao, Jian-Jyh, i 高堅志. "The Signal Quality Evaluation of an External Modulated Lightwave Communication System under the Influence of Polarization Mode Dispersion". Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69904287004205679633.
Pełny tekst źródła國立臺灣科技大學
電子工程系
94
In this thesis, a theoretical model is proposed to evaluate the signal quality of an external modulated lightwave communication system under the influence of the polarization mode dispersion caused by electro-optic modulators. Starting from the Maxwell's equations, the Stokes parameters, and hence the differential group delay(DGD) of the output light of an electro-optic modulator can be analytically derived. Two different types of external signals, viz. the CW and modulated unipolar non-return-to-zero (NRZ) signals are applied to the electro-optic modulator. The signal quality of these two signals under the transmission through the external modulated lightwave are hence studied using the proposed theory. It is found that the applied CW electric signal, its quality is affected by the effect that lightwave with different polarization have a fixed time lag or phase delay between two orthogonal polarization after traveling through the electro-optic modulator. On the other hand, for a modulated NRZ electric signal, after applying to the electro-optic modulator, its quality is not only affected by the previously mentioned phase delay between two orthogonal; polarization light, but also distorted by its own shape broadening along its own polarization. For the CW signal case, the theoretical model is validated to the extent possible by comparing the theoretical results of the Stokes parameters and DGD with the experimental measurements which are based on the wavelength scanning method.For the modulated NRZ signal case, the validity is proved by relating the bit-error probability of the systems to the phase dealy and pulse broadening factors.
高文哲. "A study of sub-THz gyrotron devices with external injection signals". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48473400496788347372.
Pełny tekst źródła南臺科技大學
光電工程系
105
The gyrotron traveling-wave amplifiers(gyro-TWAs) is a high power,broadband,millimeter-wave amplifier,applied in communication,military radarNMR(nuclear magnetic resonance). This study presents a comparative three schemes analysis of fourth-harmonic multiplying gyro-TWA, M=1, M=2 and M=4, respectively. Absolute instabilities in the gyro-TWA are suppressed by distributed-wall losses and a mode selective circuit. The amplification of the waves in a gyro-TWA depends on the lengths of the sections, and the simulated results show that the gain increases for all schemes, as the length of the lossy section or the length of the copper section increases. Finally, at a different multiplier ratio (M = 1, M = 2, M = 4) there is almost the same saturated output powers 15kW and saturated gain 48dB. The fourth chapter is the 900 GHz injection signals drives gyrotron, in order to suppress the mode to avoid competition with the mode,first to use the injection TE89 mode backward power to drive the oscillator to form a phase-locked; and to change the power from the forward injection mode , To the cluster the electron beam amplification mode of operation, suppress the mode, but the results show no matter how much power is injected. Therefore, it is shown that there are two kinds of steady-state solutions, which can not completely suppress the competition mode of the fundamental harmonics, by the backward of and forward wave to the oscillator. In order to avoid the competition of the oscillator mode, this study will reduce the applied magnetic field B0, change the length L5, input segment L1, isolation length L3 and current Ib. From these results, the optimal operating parameters are L1=1.09cm,L2=0.3cm,L3=0.4cm,L4=0.3cm,L5=1.1cm,B0=166.8kG,Vb=30kV,Ib=3A,α=1.1, =5%。Based on the relationship between the output power of the Gyro-TWT and the input power , the results show that the linear gain is about 45dB between Pin = 10-4 ~ 0.05W and Pin = 0.1W saturation gain of 50dB. In addition, the Gyro-TWT saturation power Psat and frequency f relationship shown, the operating frequency of 888.7GHz, maximum power of 6.2kW, bandwidth is about 0.6GHz,gain of 47dB.
Cheng, Hang-Shing, i 鄭恆星. "Improving Elbow Movement in Stroke Patients with External Torque Controlled by Myoelectric Signals". Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27648183646555137730.
Pełny tekst źródła國立成功大學
機械工程學系
89
Stroke patients with upper motor unit lesion usually have observable muscle weakness in their affected side due to the abnormal efficiency of muscle contraction. The goal of this thesis is to enhance a stroke patient's muscle strength by adopting a control system which can actively provide the elbow joint with an appropriate torque based on EMG signals taken from triceps and biceps. By using this EMG controlled system the stroke patient's motor control capability for elbow joints can be improved and reduce the negative effects induced by muscle wealness. Due to the discrepancy between contraction efficiencies of triceps and biceps, the ratio of unilateral EMG signals to elbow torque resulting from isometric contraction under various elbow angles are employed to construct a gain mapping matrix for system control. Co-activation within extensor and flexor can increase the stiffness of elbow joint and thus stabilize the motion of elbow. Therefore, in the control system, a nonlinear damping that has a physiological rationale is adopted to simulate the effect of co-activation. The coefficient of the nonlinear damping is determined by summing EMG signals of triceps and biceps. Since the wave form of control signals (i.e., EMG signals) resembles Gaussian distribution, the motor outputs a non-smooth torque trajectory to elbow joint which makes the subjects hard to accept the control system. Hence for obtaining a smooth torque trajectory, an adaptive filter is employed to automatically tune the bandwidth of the man-machine control system to within a permissible range. Two sets of experiments are performed. In the first set the subjects are asked to move their forearm sgainst to a constant load from point to point while they follow a trajectory on the monitor. In the second set, the subjects are asked to perform a lift-hold-depose-hold movement against to a constant load too. Statistical analyses of the experiment results revealed the external torque can significantly improve the muscle power but cannot influence the tracking performance and nonlinear damping combined with the adaptive filter can stabilize the man-machine system and yield a much smoother movement.
WENTZ, Thomas. "Utilisation d'une caméra Temps-de-vol pour la gestion des mouvements en radiothérapie externe". Phd thesis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00908839.
Pełny tekst źródłaSilva, Ana Patrícia Bento Pereira da. "IL-7-and PI3K-mediated signaling in T-Cell leukemia : the role of external and cell-autonomous signals in tumoringenesis". Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/1146.
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Programa SFRH, Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, Portugal
Lee, Hao-Ti, i 李豪隄. "A Double-Transmission-Capacity Optical Transmitter by using a Mach-Zehnder External Modulator with Different Signals Modulated under Two Orthogonal Polarrization States". Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92136080553737812937.
Pełny tekst źródła國立臺灣科技大學
電子工程系
89
IP and Gigabit Ethernet are the most common trend in data communication. But several problems exists. IP over DWDM needs to deal with control channel and baseband channel in the same wavelength. GBIC of Gigabit Ethernet has two port fibers for communication, but using one fiber is much better for the cost. In this thesis, we propose a novel E/O modulator architecture for solving these problems. With this new E/O modulator, two RF signals are modulating a same light but under two different polarization states. Hence, the bandwidth is doubled. And it is based on MZI structure. We analyze the light wave which is propagating in crystal and let the coupling effects are disappeared. In order to understand the light wave aracteristics and field distribution, we find the analytic solutions from lane wave and Gaussian beam in the crystals. In non-ideal case, the cascade of crystals in a path have serious leakage field upling. Besides, the light wave in waveguide is not propagating along z-axis but a small angle from it, therefore, polarization states are coupling. A finite difference method is used to the wave equation numerically.
Reis, Nuno Miguel Serra. "Campeonato do mundo FIFA Brasil 2014 : perceção de qualidade das acessibilidades externas aos estádios em função da idade". Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10841.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis research aimed to measure the perceived quality of the external accessibility to stadiums varies according to the age, and this perception characterized by: a) public transports; b) access; c) inputs and outputs; d) parking; and e) signage on roads. The participation of the spectators Maracanã Stadium in seven games of the FIFA World Cup 2014 and a total of 535 questionnaires before games were collected in seven games of the FIFA World Cup 2014. Held the MANOVA test for a comparison between the means of groups and age in order to check effectively the perception of quality of external accessibility varies depending on the age or age group. No statistical significance at any age taking into account the perception of the external accesses to the stadiums. The organizers of mega sporting events need not have any concern in relation to accessibility studied, in that their quality perception does not vary taking into consideration the age.
Durães, Joana Licínia Machado. "Satisfação e qualidade apercebida do utente e acompanhante perante a sinalética do edifício da consulta externa do Hospital de Braga: estudo de caso". Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/44706.
Pełny tekst źródłaOs Hospitais são das Organizações mais complexas existentes na atualidade, com estruturas e procedimentos muito específicos. Consequentemente, necessitam impreterivelmente de um espaço que possua um sistema de orientação claro, objetivo e de fácil leitura e interpretação. Uma sinalética eficiente permite uma melhor circulação, acarretando, desta forma, maior satisfação por parte dos utentes e acompanhantes, traduzindo-se também na eficiência do funcionamento do Hospital. Apesar de ainda serem escassos os estudos sobre wayfinding, as organizações de saúde começam a implementar o sistema wayfinding para combater o problema da sinalética, pois este tem como objetivo principal proporcionar ao utente uma deslocação precisa, facilitando a orientação e deslocação entre serviços. Este projeto, desenvolvido durante um estágio curricular na Direção de Serviço ao Utente do Hospital de Braga, teve como principal objetivo avaliar a satisfação e qualidade apercebida do utente e acompanhante perante a sinalética existente, assim como identificar os principais pontos que carecem de sinalética mais adequada no Edifício da Consulta Externa. O campo de análise foi o Edifício da Consultas Externas do Hospital de Braga e a unidade de análise os utentes ou acompanhantes aí presentes, no período compreendido entre os dias 4 e 19 de maio. Para a recolha de dados, e em conformidade com o projeto, foi utilizada uma metodologia quantitativa e qualitativa. Com este projeto, foi possível obter algumas conclusões, nomeadamente a relevância de a Ágora, que apresenta uma linha de visão clara e consistente com a informação necessária, a identificação dos elevadores e das escadas e a sinalética das entradas, que em muito afetam a facilidade de orientação. Os resultados revelam a importância da intervenção na sinalética do Edifício da Consulta Externa para suprir os pontos negativos identificados. As recomendações apresentadas para a resolução do problema estão devidamente fundamentadas com análise estatística, benchmarking e com dados qualitativos. Demonstram ainda potencial para ter um impacto positivo na perceção do utente.
Hospitals are one of the most complex organizations nowadays, with very personal structures and procedures. Consequently, they imperatively need a space that possesses a clear and objective system that is easy to ready and interpret. An efficient signage allows a better circulation, leading to a greater satisfaction of patients and caregivers, translating also in the efficiency of Hospital operation. Although studies about wayfinding are still scarce, health organizations are starting to implement the wayfinding systems to fight the signage problem since this system has the purpose of providing the patient a precise movement, facilitating the orientation and movement between services This project, developed during an extracurricular internship in the Patient Service Direction, aimed to evaluate the satisfaction and perceived quality of the patient and caregiver towards the signage, as to identify the main points that lack signage in the External Consultation Building. The field of analysis was the Building of External Consultation of Hospital de Braga and the unity of analysis were the patients or caregivers present in the building, between 4 and 19 of May. For data collection, and in accordance with the project, a quantitative and qualitative analysis was performed. With this project it was possible to draw several conclusions, namely the importance of the main hall, which presents a clear line of sight consistent with the necessary information, the identification of the lifts and stairs and the signs of entries that have a great effect on users orientation. The results tell the importance of an intervention on the signage of the building to surpass the negative points that were identified. The recommendations presented to solve the problem are substantiated with statistical analysis, benchmarking and qualitative data, and show a potential positive impact in patient’s perception.
Stillittano, Sébastien. "Segmentation et suivi des contours externe et interne des lèvres pour des applications de maquillage virtuel et de labiophonie". Phd thesis, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00452929.
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