Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „External debts”
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Sivakumar, Sivalingam. "Dancing on the edge : the dynamics of external debt in the United States, South Korea and Argentina". Title page, table of contents and preface only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09arms624.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaCavalcanti, Carlos Brandão. "Transferência de recursos ao exterior e substituição de dívida externa por dívida interna". Rio de Janeiro : [BNDES], Gabinete do Presidente, Departamento de Projetos de Comunicação, 1988. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/21118412.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaNg, Siu-fai. "The early warning system of debt servicing difficulties of a country, by using statistical method to evaluate economic, social and political factors /". [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1985. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12317706.
Pełny tekst źródłaOlivares, Marcos Gustavo Adolfo. "The legal practice of the recovery of state external debts /". Genève : Institut universitaire de hautes études internationales, 2005. http://www.unige.ch/cyberdocuments/theses2003/OlivaresG/these.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaТаранюк, Леонід Миколайович, Леонид Николаевич Таранюк, Leonid Mykolaiovych Taraniuk, R. Neronov i H. Qiu. "The current situation with Ukraine's external debt". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2021. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/86640.
Pełny tekst źródłaОбщая сумма внешней государственной и гарантированной государством задолженности на конец февраля 2020 года составила 49,81 миллиарда долларов. С 2009 года государственный долг, который тогда составлял 26,5 миллиарда долларов, ежегодно растет. Исключение составляет 2013 год, когда долги снизились с 38,7 до 37,5 миллиарда долларов. в следующем году, как и в 2019 году - с 50,5 до 48,9 миллиарда долларов. Самые крупные заимствования Украине пришлось сделать в 2011 году, когда долг увеличился с 34,8 до 37,5 миллиарда гривен, а в 2015 году долг увеличился с 38,8 до 43,4 миллиарда долларов.
The total amount of external public and state-guaranteed debts at the end of February 2020 amounted to 49.81 billion dollars. Since 2009, the public debt, which then amounted to 26.5 billion dollars, has been growing every year. The exception is 2013, when debts decreased from 38.7 to 37.5 billion dollars. next year, as well as in 2019 - from 50.5 to 48.9 billion dollars. Ukraine had to make the largest borrowings in 2011, when the debt increased from 34.8 to 37.5 billion hryvnias, and in 2015 the debt increased from 38.8 to 43.4 billion dollars.
吳少輝 i Siu-fai Ng. "The early warning system of debt servicing difficulties of a country, by using statistical method to evaluate economic, social and politicalfactors". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1985. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31263343.
Pełny tekst źródłaEyigungor, Burcu. "Essays in dynamic economics". Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1432786291&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Pełny tekst źródłaChung, Keunsuk. "Essays on growth of a small open economy in an imperfect international capital market : theory and evidence /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7383.
Pełny tekst źródłaChmielewski, Maciej. "How to improve the effectiveness of the World Bank's negative pledge clause as a legal and policy instrument". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82656.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe World Bank's negative pledge clause forbids a public borrower from securing external debt that is preferential to that of the Bank. This covenant also includes several exceptions: short-term secured banking transactions and financing, through the transfer of state-owned assets, are allowed. Moreover, only in exceptional circumstances does the Bank waive the clause's application. Thus, in order to secure foreign debt, a borrowing government is usually forced to contract financing that falls within the covenant's exceptions.
This Paper analyzes the World Bank's negative pledge clause and compares it to the provisions used in commercial lending. It also reviews the historical tendencies and current trends with respect to sovereign borrowing, and concludes that the World Bank's negative pledge clause should be amended, in order to bring it closer to commercial practice. It is argued that the amendments proposed in this thesis will enhance the Bank's dual function and role as both a creditor and a development institution.
Heredia-Zubieta, Carlos Antonio. "The Mexican crisis : the neoliberal model of structural adjustment on trial, 1982-1985". Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65334.
Pełny tekst źródłaZouari, Abdel-Jawed. "European capitalist penetration of Tunisia, 1860-1881 : a case study of the regency's debt crisis and the establishment of the international financial commission /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10503.
Pełny tekst źródłaHund, John Eric. "Variance and covariance dynamics in emerging sovereign credit markets /". Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
Pełny tekst źródłaKim, Young Jae. "Government expenditure and capital accumulation in a developing economy with external debt /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7418.
Pełny tekst źródłaBourget, Bernard. "Country risk analysis : a survey of external debt service capacity indicators". Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65534.
Pełny tekst źródłaOzcan, Banu. "Market convergence, catastrophe risk and sovereign borrowing : an empirical analysis for emerging market countries /". Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 2005.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaChair: Laurent L. Jacque. Submitted to the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-114). Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;
Bruce, Colin (Colin Ashley). "Contractual unenforceability, external debt renegociation and the effective incidence of the burden of debt service". Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=72816.
Pełny tekst źródłaProkop, Jacek. "A game theoretical investigation of the international debt overhang". Diss., Virginia Tech, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37408.
Pełny tekst źródłaYoon, Yeo Hun. "Stabilization program in a small semi-open economy with foreign debts and controlled interest rates". Connect to resource, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1262692922.
Pełny tekst źródłaHabimana, Andre. "The effects of external debt burden on capital accumulation: a case study of Rwanda". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=init_2877_1177928061.
Pełny tekst źródłaXin, Xiaodai. "Three essays on monetary policy and financial development". Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1092423450.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 102 p.; also includes graphics (some col.) Includes bibliographical references (p. 98-102). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
Andrus, Michael P. "Biblical and practical guidelines for church indebtedness". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1994. http://www.tren.com.
Pełny tekst źródłaCandelaria, Sedfrey Martinez. "State responsibility and international financial obligations : a case study of the International Monetary Fund stand-by arrangements with developing country members". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28824.
Pełny tekst źródłaLaw, Peter A. Allard School of
Graduate
Mongsawad, Prasopchoke. "Debt and foreign direct investment in a small developing economy /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3025639.
Pełny tekst źródłavan, Vliet Lisette. "Debt-for-Nature Swaps : transnational environmental politics in a changing global political economy or NGOs, LDCs and IOUs". Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/128737.
Pełny tekst źródłaKline, Wayne M. "The English Crown's foreign debt, 1544-1557". PDXScholar, 1992. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4366.
Pełny tekst źródłaAbendanon, Lucille. "Debt relief for economics or debt relief for the people? : a critical analysis of the heavily indebted poor countries initiative". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53347.
Pełny tekst źródłaENGLISH ABSTRACT: The HIPC Initiative offers qualifying heavily indebted poor countries the opportunity to renege on their debt obligations in return for an emphatic commitment to poverty reduction and reform. This dissertation assesses the effectiveness of the HIPC Initiative in light of the fact that one third of the world's population continues to live on an average of US$1 per day. In evaluating the HIPC Initiative one simple question is posed: taking into consideration the abject poverty experienced by over a billion people in the developing world, and the urgency with which it must be addressed, is the HIPC Initiative extensive enough, deep enough or broad enough to effectively challenge worldwide poverty? Using quantitative and qualitative research methods, the dissertation investigates this question by examining the divergent points of view offered by the World Bank and IMF on the one hand, and NGOs on the other as they comment on the most hotly debated issues surrounding the effectiveness of the HIPC Initiative. The analysis leads us to an evaluation of the following issues: establishing debt sustainability to qualify for HIPC relief; the issue of conditionality and the use of poverty reduction strategy papers; funding the HIPC Initiative; the likelihood of HIPCs escaping the debt trap after HIPC relief; and finally, how the HIPC Initiative is contributing to attaining the Millennium Development Goals is evaluated. After probing the stances of the World Bank and IMF, and the contrasting views of NGOs the conclusions indicate that the HIPC Initiative is neither extensive, deep nor broad enough to effectively challenge poverty, or to provide indebted poor countries with a lasting escape from the burden of unsustainable debt.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Inisiatief bied aan arm lande met 'n groot skuldlas, wat kwalifiseer vir hulp, die geleentheid om hul skuldverpligtings af te las in ruil vir 'n definitiewe verbintenis tot armoede-vermindering en -hervorming. Hierdie verhandeling evalueer die doeltreffendheid van die HIPC Inisiatief teen die agtergrond van die feit dat een derde van die wêreld se bevolking op 'n gemiddelde van een Amerikaanse Dollar per dag oorleef. Hierdie evaluering van die HIPC Inisiatief stel 'n eenvoudige vraag: Is die HIPC Inisiatief voldoende en uitgebreid genoeg om die uitdaging van wêreldwye armoede aan te spreek indien 'n mens die uiterste armoede van meer as 'n biljoen mense in ontwikkelende gebiede in ag neem, sowel as die dringendheid waarmee dit aangespreek moet word? Deur van kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetodes gebruik te maak, ondersoek die verhandeling hierdie vraag deur uiteenlopende gesigspunte van die Wêreldbank en die Internasionale Monitêre Fonds (IMF) aan die een kant, en Nie- Regerings Orginisasies (NRO's) s'n aan die ander kant, te ondersoek aan die hand van hul kommentaar op die belangrikste kwessies oor die doeltreffendheid van die HIPC Inisiatief. Hierdie ontleding lei tot 'n evaluering van die volgende kwessies: bepaling van lande se potensiaal om met terugbetalings vol te hou ten einde vir hulp deur die HIPC te kwalifiseer; die kwessie van voorwaardelikheid en die gebruik van armoedeverligtingstrategieë; befondsing van die HIPC Inisiatief; die moontlikheid dat die HIPC's die skuldstrikke na toepassing van HIPC-bystand sal ontsnap; en laastens, hoe die HIPC Inisiatief se bydrae tot die bereiking van die Millenium Ontwikkelingsdoelwitte geëvalueer word. Die standpunte van die Wêreld Bank en die IMF sowel as die teengestelde sienings van die NRO's word ondersoek. Die gevolgtrekking toon dat dat die HIPC Insiatief nie uitgebreid, diep of breed genoeg is om armoede doeltreffend hok te slaan nie, of om skuldlastige arm lande te help om finaal van hul skuldlas te ontsnap nie.
Dinneya, Godson Eze. "An analysis of the impact of democratization on debt-led growth : the Nigerian experience, 1970-2000". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007807.
Pełny tekst źródłaLu, Tailai. "International Debt Crisis: Interaction of Economics and Politics". Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc935791/.
Pełny tekst źródłaYoumans, Hernandez Pamela M. "The doctrine of odious debt : a solution for post apartheid South Africa". Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/347.
Pełny tekst źródłaBachelors
Health and Public Affairs
Legal Studies
Shayanewako, V. B. "The impact of foreign debt on economic growth in South Africa". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1015140.
Pełny tekst źródłaJaoui, Abdelhak. "Can the Baker plan work?" Virtual Press, 1987. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/490119.
Pełny tekst źródłaMansour, Layal. "To what extent can the policy of hoarding international reserves in indebted and dollarized countries be efficient ?" Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO22008.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe first chapter of this thesis investigates the efficiency of Hoarding IR and Sterilization in dollarized and indebted countries by measuring the sterilization coefficient, and the offset coefficient. It also focuses on exploring the link between the sources of Reserves and the external debt. We applied a 2SLS regression models and we identified explanatory variables that enabled us to estimate the aforementioned coefficients. Our results show that despite their theoretical correct practice of sterilization policy, economic constrains contribute to weaken the efficiency expected from monetary policies. The second chapter consists of estimating the probability whether an indebted country is vulnerable to crises despite its accumulation of IR -acting as a buffer stock and self-insurance. We use the Financial Stress Indicator (FSI) proposed by Balakrishnan et al (2009) and IMF which covers several aspects of financial crisis- and apply the Markov switching model with time varying, We found that debt had increased the likelihood for a country to suffer from financial crisis, however IR did not necessarily provide “Peace” in the indebted countries except of some exceptions. Thus, consistent with, Calvo (2003, 2006), who found that a country that has an excessive external debt, hoarding reserves will not be sufficient to avoid a crisis, but may be useful during the "sudden stop" crises, we conclude that the deleterious effects of ED might outweigh in most cases the beneficial effects of IR especially in more dollarized countries The third chapter measures first, the degree of trilemma indexes: exchange rate stability, monetary independence and capital account openness while taking into account the increase of hording IR ratio over GDP, over External Debt and over Short Term External Debt. The evolution of the trilemma indexes shows that countries applying de facto flexible Exchange Rate Regime (ERR) take advantage of the IR and become able to adopt a managed ERR that consist of achieving the three trilemma indexes simultaneously without renouncing to anyone of them. We found that different IR ratio could have different interpretations and different directions of monetary policies, where external debt should be taken into consideration in such study while using the IR. As for the country that is applying a de facto fixed exchange rate regime, the IR (different ratio) do not play any role in changing the patter of the Mundell trilemma and do not intervene in monetary authority policies. This chapter treats as well the normative aspects of the trilemma, relating the policy choices to macroeconomic outcomes such as the volatility of output growth. We found different results from country to another, while taking different ratios of measuring IR, concluding that the impact of IR on the output volatility could change due to the level of external debt and adopted exchange rate regime
Hompashe, Dumisani MacDonald. "Is inflation targeting a viable option for a developing country?: the case of Malawi". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002676.
Pełny tekst źródłaMenezes, Henrique Zeferino. "A crise do desenvolvimento brasileiro : dívida externa, condicionalidades e as relações com o Fundo Monetário Internacional e Banco Mundial (1974-1987) /". São Paulo : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98113.
Pełny tekst źródłaBanca: Sebastião Velasco Cruz
Banca: Javier Alberto Vadeli
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Relações Internacionais é instituído em parceria com a Unesp/Unicamp/PUC-SP, em projeto subsidiado pela CAPES, intitulado "Programa San Tiago Dantas"
Resumo: Esse trabalho analisa a crise do desenvolvimento brasileiro precipitada com a crise econômica e financeira internacional da década de oitenta. Buscamos apresentar os efeitos das transformações nas relações internacionais sobre a crise do endividamento brasileiro e o papel desempenhado pelas instituições internacionais - Fundo Monetário Internacional e Banco Mundial - no processo de renegociação da dívida brasileira com os bancos comerciais e na condução da política econômica brasileira para a manutenção das transferências de recursos aos países desenvolvidos. Buscamos ainda enfatizar as peculiaridades do modelo de desenvolvimento via endividamento do Brasil.
Abstract: This work analyzes the Brazilian development crisis hastened with the economic and financial international crisis in the 1980s. We aimed to show the effects of the transformations in international relations in the Brazilian debt crisis; and the role played by international institutions - International Monetary Fund and World Bank - in the process of renegotiation of the Brazilian debt with commercial banks and in the driving of Brazilian economics for the sustentation of international transfers of resources to the developed world. We aimed to emphasize the peculiarities of the Brazilian model of development by indebtness.
Mestre
Menezes, Henrique Zeferino [UNESP]. "A crise do desenvolvimento brasileiro: dívida externa, condicionalidades e as relações com o Fundo Monetário Internacional e Banco Mundial (1974-1987)". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98113.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Esse trabalho analisa a crise do desenvolvimento brasileiro precipitada com a crise econômica e financeira internacional da década de oitenta. Buscamos apresentar os efeitos das transformações nas relações internacionais sobre a crise do endividamento brasileiro e o papel desempenhado pelas instituições internacionais – Fundo Monetário Internacional e Banco Mundial – no processo de renegociação da dívida brasileira com os bancos comerciais e na condução da política econômica brasileira para a manutenção das transferências de recursos aos países desenvolvidos. Buscamos ainda enfatizar as peculiaridades do modelo de desenvolvimento via endividamento do Brasil.
This work analyzes the Brazilian development crisis hastened with the economic and financial international crisis in the 1980s. We aimed to show the effects of the transformations in international relations in the Brazilian debt crisis; and the role played by international institutions – International Monetary Fund and World Bank – in the process of renegotiation of the Brazilian debt with commercial banks and in the driving of Brazilian economics for the sustentation of international transfers of resources to the developed world. We aimed to emphasize the peculiarities of the Brazilian model of development by indebtness.
Menezes, Henrique Zeferino de 1981. "A crise do desenvolvimento brasileiro : divida externa, condicionalidades e as relações com o Fundo Monetario Internacional e Banco Mundial : (1974-1987)". [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279243.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T02:30:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Menezes_HenriqueZeferinode_M.pdf: 1177686 bytes, checksum: 4841fc8de33bb72bacd2d66026718bc3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008
Resumo: Esse trabalho analisa a crise do desenvolvimento brasileiro precipitada com a crise econômica e financeira internacional da década de oitenta. Buscamos apresentar os efeitos das transformações nas relações internacionais sobre a crise do endividamento brasileiro e o papel desempenhado pelas instituições internacionais - Fundo Monetário Internacional e Banco Mundial - no processo de renegociação da dívida brasileira com os bancos comerciais e na condução da política econômica brasileira para a manutenção das transferências de recursos aos países desenvolvidos. Buscamos ainda enfatizar as peculiaridades do modelo de desenvolvimento via endividamento do Brasil
Abstract: This work analyzes the Brazilian development crisis hastened with the economic and financial international crisis in the 1980s. We aimed to show the effects of the transformations in international relations in the Brazilian debt crisis;. and the role played by international institutions - International Monetary Fund and World Bank - in the process of enegotiation 01 the Brazilian debt with commercial banks and in the driving 01 B7 economics for the sustentation of international transfers of resources to the developed world. We aimed to emphasize the peculiarities of the Brazilian model of development by indebtness
Mestrado
Relações Internacionais
Mestre em Relações Internacionais
Apps, Peter, i n/a. "Debt Crises, IMF Policies and Structural Inequality in the Third World". Griffith University. School of Humanities, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20031010.143327.
Pełny tekst źródłaApps, Peter. "Debt Crises, IMF Policies and Structural Inequality in the Third World". Thesis, Griffith University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367067.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Humanities
Full Text
Stefanoudakis, Johannes H., Diego R. Calvo i Marcelo Tames. "External Debt and Economic Growth". Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-6843.
Pełny tekst źródłaThroughout the years most countries have incurred in borrowing money in order to finance many of their operations. Those loans and their accumulation have either benefited or impaired those countries’ ability to grow.
In this report we examine several factors that affect the gross domestic product (GDP) and their levels of impact with the sole purpose of inferring the relationship between debt and GDP. In addition, we will propose a cut-off point from which additional debt results in negative growth.
Mbroh, Francis Kingsley. "Ghana : external debt problem and growth". Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407659.
Pełny tekst źródłaWerner, Martin Maximo. "Dealing with a high public debt the Mexican experience /". 1991. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/28085777.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaHonold, Eduardo A. "Explaining regime responses to international financial crises in Latin America an analysis of austerity policies in Argentina, Chile, and Peru, 1968-1986 /". 1990. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/33071714.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaLee, Shi Young. "Essays on the Latin American debt crisis". 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/32036102.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaOliveri, Ernest J. "The Latin American debt crisis the politics of stress and adjustment in the inter-American finance regime /". 1987. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/19341786.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaWeeks, Thomas Todd. "Negotiating international debt from a debtors' alliance to a global bargain /". 1988. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/18760629.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaSivakumar, Sivalingam. "Dancing on the edge : the dynamics of external debt in the United States, South Korea and Argentina". Thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/109242.
Pełny tekst źródłaVacs, Aldo César. "The politics of the foreign debt Argentina, Brazil and the international debt crisis /". 1986. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/19009354.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaStafford, Walter J. "A comparative analysis of Latin American external debt, 1981-1985 Venezuela, a case study /". 1989. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/23037435.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaJorgensen, Erika Ann. "Essays on debt in Latin America". 1992. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/28165612.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaFISCHER-LESCANO, Andreas. "Odious debts : Soziale Differenzierung in der Weltgesellschaft und das ius gentium". Doctoral thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5517.
Pełny tekst źródła