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Vice, President Research Office of the. "Grape Expectations". Office of the Vice President Research, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2773.
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Oppelt, Camila Quevedo. "Teachers' expectations". Florianópolis, SC, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/94698.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura Correspondente, Florianópolis, 2011Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-25T14:34:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 293885.pdf: 973982 bytes, checksum: 7770cf8211260fbe95c91329a36e8807 (MD5)
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Smith, Carolyn M. "False Expectations: Patient Expectation and Experience of Dying in a Biomedical Community". University of Arizona, Department of Anthropology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/110080.
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1998 Dozier Award WinnerIt is widely recognized that the role of the physician has undergone dramatic changes in the last century changes which have serous implications for the patient-physician relationship. This is an ethnographic study examining how certain changes in the role and abilities of biomedical physicians have affected patient attitudes and expectations about end-of-life care. In-home interviews were conducted with eighteen persons age fifty-five and older, including a sample of Hemlock Society members. Results indicate a broad spectrum of end-of-life concerns including capacity, autonomy, pain, and burden to loved ones. Most participants reported a reluctance to begin a discussion of death or future deteriorating capacity with their physicians. Instead, when conversations about death were reported, they had been largely limited to the scenarios of catastrophic illness (e.g., hospitalization, ventilator, etc.) and the Living Will. While this discussion does not overlook the utility of the Living Will, it proposes that reliance on this document for preparing patients for end-of-life care is inadequate.
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Sidwell, Danny K. "Great Expectations: An Exploration of Student Academic Learning Expectations". Thesis, Griffith University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/394723.
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Student-centred learning (SCL) within nursing higher education represents a deliberate move away from historically utilised, traditional, behaviourist teaching approaches. The use of SCL is considered beneficial within higher education, with more meaningful, whole-person, and lifelong learning being created. Specifically, within nursing, SCL is positively viewed due to its apparent congruence to patient-centred care. The term is, however, ambiguous, lacking in clarity and definition, thus resulting in confusion about principles and how it is to be accomplished. Yet, there is general agreement that SCL and teaching methods should promote student activity and involvement and take student interests and expectations into account. This study focuses on one aspect of SCL – student expectations of learning – in the context of the teaching of a higher education nursing program that espouses SCL.
The aim of this study is to investigate and explore the expectations of students toward their academic learning at the beginning of the first year of an undergraduate university nursing degree. More specifically, two research questions have been asked:
1. What are the expectations of first-year undergraduate nursing students toward their academic learning?
2. Do the expectations of first-year undergraduate nursing students include a preference for SCL?
In order to answer these questions, a sequential qualitative-dominant explanatory mixed-method design was utilised, in which the quantitative research phase was used to develop the qualitative phase. A convenience sample of 300 (N = 300) first-year undergraduate nursing students were invited to engage in the project, with 32.66% (n = 98) completing the questionnaire and 3.67% (n = 11) participating in individual face-to-face semi-structured interviews.
Questionnaire data were analysed through the latest edition of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), with qualitative questionnaire data analysed using Leximancer software. Findings from this analysis, combined with information from the literature review, were used to develop a semi-structured interview schedule. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed based on the six phases of analysis as developed by Braun and Clarke.
From the findings of the qualitative data, five key expectations were discovered in relation to students’ university study and academic learning: (1) less support would be provided at university, (2) there would be didactic teaching in tertiary education, (3) personal changes and learning freedom would be required, (4) learning preferences would be catered for by the university, and (5) an occupation-specific degree should include occupation-specific assessment. A sixth expectation was seemingly aligned with SCL (student involvement); however, it was not something explicitly expected or preferred. From these expectations, inferences are made concerning a preference by the students for some level of SCL; however, no explicit mention was made of any forms of pedagogical SCL by the participants within the study.
With the university made aware of students’ expectations, educational changes could be made that incorporate these expectations and thus better meet the needs of the incoming first-year cohort. With the embedding of student expectations into a university’s educational focus, SCL may be able to move from the current rhetoric and penetrate education practice. Tailoring of teaching and resources that integrate these expectations and preferences would likely be a clear and practical way in which the university could deliver a model of SCL as indicated within curriculum documentation.Thesis (Masters)
Master of Education and Professional Studies Research (MEdProfStRes)
School Educ & Professional St
Arts, Education and Law
Full Text
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Langenberg, Tobias. "Standardization and expectations". Berlin Heidelberg New York Springer, 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2671262&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Lövstrand, Christoffer, i Daniel Nilsson. "Kitchen Worktop Expectations". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-29298.
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IKEA was founded in 1943 by Ingvar Kamprad and is currently retailing in 44 different countries around the globe. With the implementation of 25 year warranty the importance to validate the quality have increased to satisfy the customer. The aim of this thesis have therefore been to find out the critical factors for kitchen worktops through the expectations of the customers. In addition to this the product development process was investigated to gain an understanding on how IKEA deals with customer complaints today. The thesis was divided in four stages. First the customers’ expectations were investigated by using the survey research method. The formulations of the questions are of great importance in this research method so that the information needed can be gathered without confusion and irritation. The critical factors of the kitchen worktops were also located in this survey and are out of the customer point of view. After the survey was done and the critical factors identified a concept generation phase was started to analyze possible ways of solving the issues with the kitchen worktops. Three proposals of concepts was generated; improvement in quality, improvement in the information communicated by IKEA, and a combination of these two. These proposals were analyzed against each other, against the survey and against the possible concrete gains. When the proposals of concepts were completed a decision to investigate the product development process was made and suggestions on how these critical factors could be found earlier in the process were made. Lastly a proposal of a database system for categorizations of the customer complaints when it comes to different defects were made and proposed to IKEA. Out from the information received by the survey these proposals could be made and the conclusion that scratches and to some extent heat was the most critical flaws, which would be the thing to focus further on. The product development process could also be improved to make it possible to take notice of these critical flaws earlier in the process. To summarize the project was successful and IKEA was really happy with the results, and the extra tasks that were added to this thesis. The first problem description was to only find the customers’ expectations but to get something out of this we added the proposals and the attempt to change the product development process when it comes to kitchen worktops.
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Han, Yong Qiang. "Policyholder's Reasonable Expectations". Hart Publishing, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17807.
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NoOver the past two decades, protecting contractual parties’ reasonable expectations has incrementally gained judicial recognition in English contract law. In contrast, however, the similar ‘doctrine’ of ‘policyholder’s reasonable expectations’ has been largely rejected in English insurance law. This is injurious, firstly, to both the consumer and business policyholder’s reasonable expectations of coverage of particular risks, and, secondly, to consumer policyholder’s reasonable expectations of bonuses in with-profits life insurance. To remedy these problems, this book argues for an incremental but definite acceptance of the conception of policyholder’s reasonable expectations in English insurance law. It firstly discusses the homogeneity between insurance law and contract law, as well as the role of (reasonable) expectations and their relevance to the emerging duty of good faith in contract law. Secondly, following a review and re-characterisation of the American insurance law ‘doctrine’ of reasonable expectations, the book addresses the conventional English objections to the reasonable expectations approach in insurance law. In passing, it also rethinks the approach to the protection of policyholder’s reasonable expectations of bonuses in with-profits life insurance through a revisit to the (in)famous case Equitable Life Assurance Society v Hyman [2000] UKHL 39, particularly to its relevant business and regulatory background.
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Alves, Maria Inês Mósca. "A formação como optimização do potencial humano. Motivações e expectativas dos formandos dos "cursos de educação e formação"". Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/15359.
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A formação como optimização do potencial humano. Motivações e Expectativas dos formandos dos “Cursos de Educação e Formação”
No contexto organizacional actual, a formação assume-se como um imperativo, consistindo num input para a obtenção de vantagens competitivas. A formação permitirá aprofundar/desenvolver novas competências e conhecimentos nos indivíduos, traduzindo-se em criatividade e inovação, indispensáveis à sobrevivência de uma organização.
É nesta óptica que surge o presente relatório, resultante de um estágio na Forward Skills, empresa de consultoria e formação profissional, onde foram desempenhadas as mais variadas actividades na área da formação, e do qual resultou um estudo sobre motivações e expectativas de formandos de Cursos de Educação e Formação (CEF).
Os resultados obtidos neste estudo são discutidos de acordo com as contribuições teóricas acerca da motivação e expectativas criando, deste modo, um leque de sugestões para que a organização melhore os seus processos e consiga motivar os seus formandos;
ABSTRACT:Formation as a human potential optimization. Student motivation and expectations in Educational and Training Courses.
In the current organizational context, the training is assumed as an imperative, it’s an input in the way or gain of competitive advantage. The training will enhance/develop new skills and knowledge in individuals, translated in creativity and innovation, essentials to the survival of an organization.
This is the major perspective that guides this report, that was the result of an internship at Forward Skills, a consultancy and formation company, where are performed several activities in the area of training, and resulted also the study of motivations and expectations of students from Educational and Training Courses.
The results of this study are discussed according to the theoretical contributions about motivations and expectations. This allowed a range of suggestions that can be used in the improvement of the organizational processes, and in the motivation of their students.
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Marques, Ana Sofia Batista. "A importância da gestão das expectativas dos colaboradores no aumento da motivação e do comprometimento organizacional: estudo de caso". Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18563.
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O panorama atual da sociedade e das organizações carece de compreender e conhecer se as competências dos colaboradores estão ou não a ser aproveitadas dentro da organização e/ou se as suas necessidades profissionais e pessoais estão a ser valorizadas.
O presente estudo pretende evidenciar a importância da gestão das expectativas na motivação e comprometimento organizacional de 152 colaboradores de uma organização do setor farmacêutico português. A análise quantitativa dos dados foi realizada através do software SPSS e a qualitativa através de matrizes de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados mostram quais são as expectativas dos colaboradores desde a sua integração, os fatores que contribuem para os elevados níveis de motivação e comprometimento e como o trabalho desenvolvido pelas chefias comtempla a gestão das expectativas e motivações. Consideramos que as expectativas são um pilar fulcral na gestão das equipas em prol da motivação e do comprometimento; The importance of managing the expectations of employees in increasing the motivation and organizational commitment – Case Study
Abstract:
The current situation of society and organizations lack the understanding and knowing that the skills of employees are either not being utilized within the organization and / or their professional and personal needs are being valued.
This study aims to highlight the importance of managing expectations in motivation and organizational commitment of 152 employees of an organization of the Portuguese pharmaceutical sector. The quantitative data analysis was performed using SPSS software and qualitative matrices through content analysis. The results show what the expectations of employees since its integration, the factors contributing to the high levels of motivation and commitment and how the work done by managers contemplates the management of expectations and motivations. We believe that the expectations are a key pillar in the management of teams for the sake of motivation and commitment.
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Friedland, Jeffrey A. "Community expectations matching government capabilities to the expectations of the public /". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Sep%5FFriedland.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2007.Thesis Advisor(s): Woodbury, Glen ; Bach, Robert. "September 2007." Description based on title screen as viewed on October 23, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p.81-87). Also available in print.
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Carton, Joel. "Self-fulfilling expectations of cyclical volatility and learnable rational expectations behavior /". view abstract or download file of text, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p9947970.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 1999.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 110-113). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users. Address: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p9947970.
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Serra, Simón Jordi. "Disseny d’un model d’anàlisi per a la qualitat percebuda: productes, destinacions i serveis". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673754.
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La tesi doctoral analitza la qualitat percebuda d’un producte tecnològic, una destinació i un servei en salut. Concretament, l’anàlisi de la qualitat percebuda d’aquesta investigació es basa en el contrast entre les expectatives dels usuaris i la seva percepció de qualitat de les diverses variables analitzades en cadascun dels tres objectes d’estudi. A través d’aquesta investigació es pretén aplicar una metodologia d’anàlisi que permeti comprendre les possibles diferències entre expectatives i percepcions dels usuaris i, al mateix temps, identificar potencialitats de millora aplicables als diversos casos seleccionats.La tesis doctoral analiza la calidad percibida de un producto tecnológico, una destinación y un servicio del ámbito sanitario. Concretamente, el análisis de la calidad percibida de esta investigación se basa en el contraste entre las expectativas de los usuarios y su percepción de calidad de las variables analizadas en cada uno de los tres objetos de estudio. A través de esta investigación se pretende aplicar una metodología de análisis que permita comprender las posibles diferencias entre expectativas y percepciones de los usuarios y, al mismo tiempo, identificar puntos de mejora aplicables a los distintos casos seleccionados.
The topic of this doctoral thesis is the perceived quality of a technological device, a destination and a health service. Particularly, the analysis of the perceived quality is based on the contrast between users’ expectations and their perception of quality of all the variables taken into consideration in each case. Through this investigation, we test a method of analysis that allows understanding the possible gap between expectations and users’ perceptions and, at the same time, it helps users express areas of improvement applicable in each selected case.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Comunicació Audiovisual i Publicitat
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Jongen, R. B. M. "Expectations in financial markets". Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht ; University Library, Universiteit Maastricht [host], 2007. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=9383.
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Buchheim, Lukas. "Expectations and economic choices". Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-161838.
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Crespo, Cuaresma Jesus, i Gerhard Sorger. "Alpha-consistent expectations equilibria". SFB Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1999. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1782/1/document.pdf.
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We modify the concept of consistent expectations equilibria introduced in Hommes and Sorger (1998) in two ways: (i) the consistency condition requires that the probability that the agents reject their perceived law of motion in any period does not exceed a given level and (ii) there may exist exogenous stochastic shocks. The concept is illustrated by two examples using a linear economic system. In one of the examples consistency implies rational expectations, in the other example it does not. (authors' abstract)Series: Working Papers SFB "Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science"
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Rees, William Page. "Accounting, expectations and valuation". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395085.
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GUILLEN, DIOGO ABRY. "ESSAYS ON INFLATION EXPECTATIONS". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2008. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=12234@1.
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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIORA dissertação está dividida em quatro artigos que abordam temas em política monetária. Inicialmente, avalia-se como se dá a formação das expectativas de inflação no Brasil. Os resultados sugerem que os dados não obedecem aos preceitos da teoria de expectativas racionais ou adaptativas. Utilizamos dois métodos para definir a freqüência de reajuste informacional no Brasil e há indícios de maior aderência à teoria de rigidez informacional. O segundo artigo investiga o processo de transmissão de expectativas dentro do mercado financeiro. Propomos um modelo em que os agentes do mercado financeiro, ao construírem suas expectativas, observam os dados mais recentes e as expectativas já divulgadas dos agentes do mercado que costumam apresentar previsões mais acuradas, segundo ranking do Banco Central. O modelo é avaliado empiricamente e mostramos que o peso dado às expectativas dos melhores previsores cresce com a aproximação da divulgação do dado. No terceiro artigo, estudamos os impactos da política monetária e da taxa de câmbio sobre a inflação no Brasil. Os resultados indicam que leva entre seis e doze meses até que a estrutura de preços volte a ser aquela que prevalecia antes do choque. O quarto artigo investiga a credibilidade do Banco Central do Brasil, através de uma base de dados com expectativas desagregadas. A hipótese é de que a heterogeneidade das expectativas de longo prazo advenha de crenças distintas com relação à aversão do Banco Central à inflação. Com base neste argumento, construímos um índice utilizando Cadeias de Markov para o caso brasileiro.
This dissertation is divided in four papers about monetary policy. Initially, we evaluate how inflation expectations are formed in BrazilOur results suggest that data do not follow what rational or adaptive expectations would predict. Using two different methods to measure the informational readjustment frequency in Brazil, we find evidence that inflation expectations seem to behave more closely to what sticky information theory would predict. The second paper investigates the inflation expectations transmission inside the Brazilian financial market. We propose a model in which financial market agents, when they build their own forecasts, not only observe to recent data, but also use lagged expectations from the best forecasters. Our model is evaluated empirically and we can show that the weight given to the best forecasters grows as we get closer to the release of inflation data. In the third paper, we study monetary policy and exchange rate impacts on inflation in Brazil. Our results indicate that it takes from six to twelve months until price structure returns to the one that existed before the shock. The fourth paper investigates central bank´s credibility using individual financial market agents´ expectations. Our hypothesis is that expectations´ heterogeneity for long term horizon comes from different beliefs about central bank´s aversion to inflation. Using this argument, we build a credibility index using Markov Chains for Brazil.
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Austin, Alexander Chance. "Expectations across entertainment media". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39157.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Comparative Media Studies, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (p. 131-132).
An audience's satisfaction with an entertainment product is dependent on how well their expectations are fulfilled. This study delves into the implicit contract that is formed between the purveyor of an entertainment property and their audience, as well as the consequences of frustrating audience expectations. Building on this model of the implicit contract, the creation of expectations through marketing, character and world development, and the invocation of genre discourses are examined through the lens of the television shows House M.D. and Veronica Mars. The issues surrounding the dynamic equilibrium between novelty and stability in serial entertainment and entertainment franchises brought up by these initial case studies are examined in further detail through the collectible card game Magic: the Gathering, and the complexity of the interactions between different types of expectations are demonstrated via a study of the superhero comics serials 52 and Civil War.
by Alexander Chance Austin.
S.M.
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Pfajfar, Damjan. "Heterogeneous expectations in macroeconomics". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611127.
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Gáti, Laura. "Essays on Macroeconomic Expectations:". Thesis, Boston College, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:109146.
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Thesis advisor: Ryan ChahrourThis dissertation consists of three independent explorations of the interplay between expectations and macroeconomic activity. I investigate economic dynamics and policy issues concerning the management of expectations both from the lens of business cycles and medium-term fluctuations, embracing a rational expectations approach as well as venturing into the wilderness of bounded rationality. The first chapter, "Monetary Policy & Anchored Expectations - An Endogenous Gain Learning Model," investigates how a concern to anchor expectations affects the conduct of monetary policy. The chapter first proposes a novel model of expectations which provides a notion for unanchored expectations. In this model, expectations are the more unanchored the higher the sensitivity of long-run inflation expectations to short-run fluctuations. I then embed the expectations model in a general-equilibrium model of the business cycle, and estimate the extent of unanchoring using data on inflation expectations. Within the context of the thus calibrated model, I derive the Ramsey-optimal monetary policy. The main result is that it is optimal for a central bank to anchor inflation expectations to the inflation target. The way the central bank can achieve this is by responding very aggressively with its interest rate tool to fluctuations in long-run inflation expectations. The observation that motivates the second chapter, "Talking in Time - Dynamic Central Bank Communication," is that the management of expectations by the monetary authority is a dynamic problem in two ways. Firstly, in a dynamic economy, a central bank needs to decide when to communicate. Secondly, every time the central bank does talk to the public, it also has to choose what to talk about: the present or the future? The chapter thus extends existing macroeconomic research on various dimensions of optimal central bank communication by asking what the implications of dynamics are for the optimal information provision of the central bank to the public. To this end, I analyze a Bayesian Persuasion game between a central bank and the private sector in a static and a dynamic setting, in which the private sector tracks one economic variable, while the central bank wishes it to track a second variable instead. Importantly, the two problems are identical except for the correlation structure between the two variables, which is either cross-sectional or temporal. This way, I isolate the role of dynamics for the optimal communication policy. The main result is that in the dynamic setting, the prior beliefs of the private sector become endogenous to central bank communication and dampen the effectiveness of the central bank's communication. Therefore, the central bank faces a new tradeoff: it needs to push against priors in two ways. Relatively to the static solution, the central bank talks more about the economic variable it wants the private sector to learn about, and it also talks with less clarity in order to render the private sector's beliefs sufficiently responsive to its messages at each point in time. In the third chapter, "ICT-Specific Investment Shocks and Economic Fluctuations - Evidence and Theory of a General-Purpose Technology," joint with Marco Brianti, I explore empirically the role of information and communication technologies (ICT) for medium-run economic fluctuations. The first set of results demonstrate the hump-shaped dynamics of total factor productivity after an innovation in ICT, as identified in a structural vector autoregression context. I interpret the hump-shaped impulse response as a consequence of the slow diffusion of ICT technologies, and test this hypothesis using an estimated two-sector growth model. The second set of results document that, viewed through the lens of the model, the data favor the interpretation of innovations in the ICT-sector playing the role of a general-purpose technology. In other words, the slow buildup of the overall effect on productivity stems from the gradual diffusion of ICT in the economy
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2021
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Economics
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Cordeiro, Yara de Almeida Campos. "Inattention in individual expectations". reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/13783.
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This paper investigates the expectations formation process of economic agents about inflation rate. Using the Market Expectations System of Central Bank of Brazil, we perceive that agents do not update their forecasts every period and that even agents who update disagree in their predictions. We then focus on the two most popular types of inattention models that have been discussed in the recent literature: sticky-information and noisy-information models. Estimating a hybrid model we find that, although formally fitting the Brazilian data, it happens at the cost of a much higher degree of information rigidity than observed.
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Rambane, Daniel Thanyani. "Operators defined by conditional expectations and random measures / Daniel Thanyani Rambane". Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/282.
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This study revolves around operators defined by conditional expectations
and operators generated by random measures.
Studies of operators in function spaces defined by conditional expectations
first appeared in the mid 1950's by S-T.C. Moy [22] and S. Sidak [26].
N. Kalton studied them in the setting of Lp-spaces 0 < p < 1 in [15, 131 and
in L1-spaces, [14], while W. Arveson [5] studied them in L2-spaces. Their
averaging properties were studied by P.G. Dodds and C.B. Huijsmans and
B. de Pagter in [7] and C.B. Huijsmans and B. de Pagter in [lo]. A. Lambert
[17] studied their relationship with multiplication operators in C*-modules.
It was shown by J.J. Grobler and B. de Pagter [8] that partial integral operators
that were studied A.S. Kalitvin et a1 in [2, 4, 3, 11, 121 and the special
cases of kernel operators that were, inter alia, studied by A.R. Schep in [25]
were special cases of conditional expectation operators.
On the other hand, operators generated by random measures or pseudo-integral
operators were studied by A. Sourour [28, 271 and L.W. Weis [29,30],
building on the studies of W. Arveson [5] and N. Kalton [14, 151, in the late
1970's and early 1980's.
In this thesis we extend the work of J.J. Grobler and B. de Pagter [8] on
Multiplication Conditional Expectation-representable (MCE-representable)
operators. We also generalize the result of A. Sourour [27] and show that
order continuous linear maps between ideals of almost everywhere finite
measurable functions on u-finite measure spaces are MCE-representable.
This fact enables us to easily deduce that sums and compositions of MCE-representable
operators are again MCE-representable operators. We also
show that operators generated by random measures are MCE-representable.
The first chapter gathers the definitions and introduces notions and concepts
that are used throughout. In particular, we introduce Riesz spaces and
operators therein, Riesz and Boolean homomorphisms, conditional expectation
operators, kernel and absolute T-kernel operators.
In Chapter 2 we look at MCE-operators where we give a definition different
from that given by J.J. Grobler and B. de Pagter in [8], but which we
show to be equivalent.
Chapter 3 involves random measures and operators generated by random
measures. We solve the problem (positively) that was posed by A. Sourour
in [28] about the relationship of the lattice properties of operators generated
by random measures and the lattice properties of their generating random
measures. We show that the total variation of a random signed measure
representing an order bounded operator T, it being the difference of two
random measures, is again a random measure and represents ITI.
We also show that the set of all operators generated by a random measure
is a band in the Riesz space of all order bounded operators.
In Chapter 4 we investigate the relationship between operators generated
by random measures and MCE-representable operators. It was shown by
A. Sourour in [28, 271 that every order bounded order continuous linear
operator acting between ideals of almost everywhere measurable functions is
generated by a random measure, provided that the measure spaces involved
are standard measure spaces. We prove an analogue of this theorem for
the general case where the underlying measure spaces are a-finite. We also,
in this general setting, prove that every order continuous linear operator is
MCE-representable. This rather surprising result enables us to easily show
that sums, products and compositions of MCE-representable operator are
again MCE-representable.
Key words: Riesz spaces, conditional expectations, multiplication conditional
expectation-representable operators, random measures.Thesis (Ph.D. (Mathematics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.
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Velecico, Igor. "Learning in DSGE macroeconomics". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12138/tde-20012014-154530/.
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In this thesis we analyze learning mechanisms applied to a variety of macroeconomic models. In the first chapter, we present and discuss the advantages and limitations of estimating Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) models added with learning, thus suppressing the central assumption of rational expectations. First, we introduce the reader on how learning can be inserted in those models, starting from the discussion of where and how the rational expectations operator is substituted by the learning mechanism. We then present several additional learning setups related to the information set available to agents considered by the literature, which affect directly the dynamics of the final model. Last, we estimate three different models to assess the advantages of learning in our artificially generated data and real data for Brazil. In the second chapter, we algebraically show the limitations of learning and propose two flexible methods to deal with the parameter instability in data. The first of these methods is closely related to the DSGE-VAR methodology, which we call Learning DSGE-VAR, and the second, which departs even further from the DSGE model, which we call Learning Minimum State Variable, or LMSV. Finally, in the third chapter we provide evidences that the supposedly moderate improvements found in the previous chapters have more to do with the nature of the model at hand than to the learning method itself. To do so, we simulate problems using a time-varying structure similar to the one presented in chapter 1 and evaluate the likelihood improvements with different learning mechanisms. We then provide empirical evidences of learning in reduced form models to forecast inflation, interest rates and output gap for the Brazilian economy, using ad-hoc reduced form models commonly used by practitioners.Nesta tese analisamos os instrumentos de aprendizado (Learning) aplicados a uma variedade de modelos macroeconômicos. Em nosso primeiro capítulo, apresentamos e discutimos as vantagens e limitações de se estimar modelos dinâmicos e estocásticos de equilíbrio geral (DSGE) acrescidos de um mecanismo de aprendizado, ou seja, abandonando-se a hipótese de expectativas racionais, tão cara a estes modelos. Em primeiro lugar, mostramos como esse mecanismo pode ser introduzido nesses modelos, começando pela discussão de onde e como o operador de expectativas racionais é substituído pelo operador de aprendizado. Em seguida apresentamos configurações alternativas em relação ao conjunto de informações disponível aos agentes dentro do mecanismo de aprendizado, que afeta diretamente a dinâmica do modelo final a ser estimado. Por fim, estimamos três modelos usando nosso mecanismo de aprendizado, aplicando-o a dados artificiais e reais para a economia brasileira. No segundo capítulo, mostramos algebricamente as limitações do mecanismo de aprendizado em modelos DSGE e propomos dois métodos mais flexíveis para lidar com a instabilidade dos parâmetros nos dados. O primeiro desses métodos é intimamente ligado à literatura de DSGEVAR, e que chamamos de Learning DSGE-VAR, enquanto o segundo método, que se afasta ainda mais do modelo DSGE, ao qual chamamos de LMSV. No terceiro capítulo, provemos evidências de que os ganhos supostamente moderados de nosso modelo de aprendizado apresentados nos dois primeiros capítulos têm mais a ver com a natureza dos modelos estimados do que com o método de aprendizado utilizado. Para tal, simulamos dois grupos de dados usando uma estrutura econômica que varia no tempo, semelhante àquela estudada no primeiro capítulo, e estimamos os modelos utilizando diferentes mecanismos de aprendizado. Por fim, fornecemos evidências empíricas de aprendizado em modelos de forma reduzida para projetar inflação, taxas de juros e hiato do produto para a economia brasileira, através de modelos ad-hoc comumente utilizado por econometristas.
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Luamba, William de Sousa. "Motivação e desempenho de tarefas num trabalho de Contact Center". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12333.
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Mestrado em Ciências EmpresariaisCom esta investigação pretende-se abordar os modelos contemporâneos de gestão, motivação, expectativas e de desempenho de tarefas dos funcionários tendo por base uma investigação do ponto de vista teórico. Os Contact Centers prestam serviços de atendimento telefónico através da integração da tecnologia e informação de recursos humanos, e funcionam como empresas e forma a permitir o tráfego de chamadas telefónicas e administrar o relacionamento entre a empresa e os seus clientes (Mocelin & Silva, 2004). O intuito do presente estudo é contribuir para a pesquisa na área em estudo, procurando desvendar conceitos que, muitas vezes, influenciam o desempenho das tarefas dos trabalhadores de Contact Center. Mais especificamente, a presente dissertação centra-se na premissa de que os diferentes tipos de motivação afetarão o desempenho das tarefas no trabalho Contact Center. De acordo com Rijo, Varajão, Gonçalves & Cruz, (2006) a tecnologia generalizou-se quer aos indivíduos quer às organizações, onde se verifica um aumento da capacidade de ação individual e coletiva, mas trazendo também um maior grau de complexidade às operações, de forma a associar telecomunicações e informática.
With this research we intend to address the contemporary management models, evolution, expectations and employee performance of employee tasks based on research from the theoretical point of view, Contact Centers provide telephone answering services through integration of information technology and human resources and nd act as a business and to allow the traffic of telephone calls and manage the relationship between the company and its customers (Mocelin & Silva, 2004). The aim of this study is to contribute to research in the study area, seeking to unveil two concepts that often influence the performance of the Contact center workers. More specifically, this dissertation focuses on the premise that the different types of motivation will affect the performance of tasks at work Contact Center. According to Rijo, Varajão, Gonçalves & Cruz (2006) the technology became widespread both to individuals and to organizations, where there is an increase in individual action and collective capacity, but also bringing a greater degree of complexity of operations, in order to associate telecommunications and information technology.
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Angulo, Salguero Francis Alexandra, i Aguila Christel Valery Carrillo. "Expectativas sobre Paternidad en Hombres Divorciados con Hijos". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/626300.
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La presente investigación cualitativa describe las expectativas sobre la paternidad en hombres divorciados con hijos, quienes vivieron la ausencia de sus propios padres. Es un estudio fenomenológico a través de entrevistas semi-estructuradas a seis padres de 40 a 55 años, que se encuentran divorciados y no conviven con sus hijos en la actualidad. Los participantes pertenecen a un nivel socioeconómico medio-alto y se encuentran dentro de un proceso terapéutico. Además, el análisis temático que se realizó concluyó en cuatro ejes principales: a) Experiencias en la niñez b) Percepción de su propia paternidad c) Involucramiento en la crianza d) Expectativas sobre su paternidad. Los principales hallazgos demuestran que los participantes buscan ser padres presentes en la vida de sus hijos, con la finalidad de no repetir su propia historia. Así, existe en ellos un deseo por resignificar su pasado a través de acciones en el presente y poder reconstruir su concepción de familia.The present qualitative research describes expectations about fatherhood in men divorced with children, who experienced the absence of their own parents. It is a phenomenological study through semi-structured interviews to six parents from 40 to 55 years old, who are divorced and do not live with their children at present. The participants belong to a medium-high socioeconomic level and are in a therapeutic process. In addition, the thematic analysis that was carried out concluded in four main axes: a) Experiences in childhood b) Perception of their own paternity c) Involvement in parenting d) Expectations about their fatherhood. The main findings show that participants seek to be present parents in the lives of their children, in order not to repeat their own story. Thus, there is a desire in them to resignify their past through actions at the present moment and to reconstruct their conception of family.
Tesis
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Lomurno, Maryellen. "Roles and expectations in inclusion /". Full text available online, 2005. http://www.lib.rowan.edu/home/research/articles/rowan_theses.
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Kjellberg, David. "Expectations, Uncertainty, and Monetary Policy". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Economics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8335.
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Essay 1 - To evaluate measures of expectations I examine and compare some of the most common methods for capturing expectations: the futures method which utilizes financial market prices, the VAR forecast method, and the survey method. I study average expectations on the Federal funds rate target, and the main findings can be summarized as follows: i) the survey measure and the futures measure are highly correlated; the correlation coefficient is 0.81 which indicates that the measures capture the same phenomenon, ii) the survey measure consistently overestimates the realized changes in the interest rate, iii) the VAR forecast method shows little resemblance with the other methods.
Essay 2 - This paper takes a critical look at available proxies of uncertainty. Two questions are addressed: (i) How do we evaluate these proxies given that subjective uncertainty is inherently unobservable? (ii) Is there such a thing as a general macroeconomic uncertainty? Using correlations, some narrative evidence and a factor analysis, we find that disagreement and stock market volatility proxies seem to be valid measures of uncertainty whereas probability forecast measures are not. This result is reinforced when we use our proxies in standard macroeconomic applications where uncertainty is supposed to be of importance. Uncertainty is positively correlated with the absolute value of the GDP-gap.
Essay 3 - The co-movements of exchange rates and interest rates as the economy responds to shocks is a potential source of deviations from uncovered interest rate parity. This paper investigates whether an open economy macro model with endogenous monetary policy is capable of explaining the exchange rate risk premium puzzle. When the central bank is engaged in interest rate smoothing, a negative relationship between exchange rate changes and interest differentials emerge for realistic parameter values without assuming an extremely large and variable risk premium as done in previous studies.
Essay 4 - This paper shows how market expectations as a function of the forecasting horizon can be constructed and used to analyse issues like how far in advance monetary policy actions are anticipated and how the market’s understanding of monetary policy has developed over time. On average about half of a monetary policy action is anticipated one month before a policy meeting. The share of fully anticipated FOMC policy decisions increase from less than 10% at the two-month horizon, to about 70% at the one-day horizon. The market ability to predict policy has improved substantially after 1999 as the fraction of fully anticipated meetings has quadrupled at the monthly horizon. This improvement can be described as an effect of increased central bank transparency.
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Copper, Michael C. "Teacher expectations and student achievement". Virtual Press, 1989. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/720325.
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The 1989 Teacher Expectations and Student Achievement (TESA) study analyzed whether students perceived as low achievers, having been taught by TESA-trained instructors in the Metropolitan School District (MSD) of Warren Township over a three-year period, achieved significantly (p < .05) higher academic gain than a similar control group of students not taught by TESA-trained instructors as measured by the Comprehensive Test of Basic Skills (CTBS).Federal Judge S. Hugh Dillin, in 1971, found the Indianapolis Public Schools (IPS) system to be racially segregated in violation of the Constitution. The ruling indicated that the school system was denying equal opportunity to black children because of race. Following ten years of review and appeals to higher courts, one-way busing of black students from IPS to six suburban school districts began in the fall of 1981 in Marion County, including the MSD of Warren Township. Some of the greatest concerns for one-way busing included the steps being taken to ensure fair treatment and full academic opportunity for all children involved in desegregation.As a result of the desegregation order, the MSD of Warren Township and several other Indianapolis suburban school systems adopted the TESA staff development program. TESA is an intervention program designed to encourage non-discriminatory behavior toward all students in the classroom in order to increase academic performance.The original TESA research was conducted in 1974 by Sam Kerman and Mary Martin in school districts in Los Angeles, California. This 1989 TESA study covered five school years from 1982-1983 through 1986-1987, and followed the progress of 102 students through three consecutive years of being taught by a TESA-trained teacher, or a teacher not trained in TESA skills, in 246 classrooms.A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) indicated that neither group (TESA or other) or race (black or other) were found to be statistically significant in improving students' academic achievements on the CTBS. Although some academic gains were noted for students taught by TESA-trained teachers over a three-year period, the gains were not statistically significant. TESA continues to be a staff development program many school systems support, but perhaps the interest should not include the expectation that low achieving students will significantly improve academic achievement.
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Galbraith, J. W. "Modelling the formation of expectations". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381848.
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Jitmaneeroj, Boonlert. "Survey Expectations ot Interest Rates". Thesis, University of Essex, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.522080.
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Blackburn, Keith. "Information, expectations and macroeconomic policy". Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1986. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1455.
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The thesis is motivated by some important recent developments in macroeconomic theory and the theory of macroeconomic policy. A common theme emphasized throughout is the integration of rational expectations into macroeconomic policy evaluation and the sophism of conducting evaluations predicated on alternative expectations hypotheses. The application of rational expectations to optimal control theory inspires a game-theoretic paragigm for the derivation of optimal economic policies. This transform fundamentally the way in which economists should address the control problem. The recent proliferation of research in the area is subject to the first systematic investigation. The necessity for assimilating model uncertainty into the problem of policy evaluation is emphasized. This is made operational with respect to a particulaxly topical issue concerning the optimal choice of monetary instrument. A substantial part of the thesis is devoted to a rigorous exploration of the information structure conditioning expectations. Particular emphasis is on partial ignorance. An intelligent system can exploit statistical filtering techniques to extract the information content of certain economic variables. The thesis illustrates vividly the potentially critical dependence of the laws of motion of the system on the information structure. it calls for a detailed explication of that structure a3 a pre-requisite for any analysis and highlights properties of certain earlier treatments which are symptomatic of their neglect of this. Analytical work is combined with computer simulations of a larger econometric model. Higher order dynamics are the realised 3 consequences of asset accumulati6n and the government budget constraint. The issue of bond-financed deficit instability is subject to extensive testing and the implications of divergent e: cpectations mechanisms elicited.
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Rohde, Adam Robert. "Rational Bias In Inflation Expectations". Thesis, Boston College, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/3093.
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Thesis advisor: Robert MurphyWe empirically examine the Biased Expectations Hypothesis, which states that recent price movements in certain sectors play special roles in the formation of in- dividuals inflation expectations. Specifically we analyze whether economists rationally bias their expectations and whether economists and consumers naively bias their ex- pectations with respect to recent inflation in the food and energy sectors. We develop theoretical models for both rationally formed and naively formed inflation expecta- tions. We find that economists do not bias their rationally formed expectations and that consumers and economists do not naively form inflation expectations. Our results do not support the Biased Expectations Hypothesis; rather, they reinforce the use of core measures of inflation in policy making
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2013
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Economics Honors Program
Discipline: Economics
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Kpekou, Tossou Rolande Carine Baï. "Three essays on inflation expectations". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66880.
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Cette thèse, organisée en trois chapitres, analyse comment différents types d’agents (les experts, les ménages) forment leurs attentes à propos de l’inflation, une des questions les plus importantes en macroéconomie. Le premier chapitre évalue les implications d’un comportement stratégique de la part des experts dont les opinions constituent la base des enquêtes comme "Survey of Professional Forecasters". Nous posons l’existence d’un désir de conformisme de la part de ces répondants et montrons que sa présence affecte la qualité des signaux envoyés aux autorités monétaires à propos de l’inflation future. Le deuxième chapitre utilise les données de deux enquêtes récemment établies sur les attentes des consommateurs : l’Enquête américaine sur les attentes des consommateurs (Fed de New York) et l’Enquête canadienne sur les attentes des consommateurs (Banque du Canada), pour comparer le processus de formations et de mise à jour des attentes inflationnistes aux États-Unis et au Canada. Nos résultats mettent en évidence certaines différences entre les deux pays qui s’expliqueraient probablement par des différences dans leur régime de politique monétaire et dans la conception des enquêtes. Le troisième chapitre présente des résultats descriptifs pour caractériser les attentes inflationnistes des ménages canadiens et tester certains résultats obtenus sur les données américaines. Il étudie le lien entre les attentes inflationnistes et les perceptions de l’inflation passée, ainsi que leur évolution et leur biais. La plupart des résultats sont cohérents avec ceux obtenus avec les données américaines. Nous documentons également le lien entre les attentes inflationnistes et les attentes à propos de certaines variables économiques clés telles que les dépenses, le taux d’intérêt et le taux de croissance des salaires.This thesis, organized in three chapters, analyzes how a variety of economic agents (professional forecasters and households) form their expectations about future expectations, one of the most important questions in macroeconomics. The first chapter investigates the implications of strategic behaviour among professional forecasters whose opinions form the basis of surveys like the Survey of Professional Forecasters. We posit the existence of a conformism impulse among the survey respondents and show that its presence affects the signal about future inflation that monetary authorities extract from survey responses. The second chapter uses data from two recently-established surveys on consumer expectations: the US Survey of Consumers Expectations (New York Fed) and the Canadian Survey of Consumers Expectations (Bank of Canada), to compare how consumers formulate and update inflation expectations in the US and Canada. Our results highlight some differences between the two countries which are likely explained by differences in their monetary policy framework and the surveys design. The third chapter presents some descriptive results to characterize households’ inflation expectations in Canada, and test some results that have been obtained on US data. It studies the link between inflation expectations and inflation perceptions, as well as change and bias in both. Most of results are consistent with those obtained with US data. We also document the link between inflation expectations and expectations about key economic variables such as spending, interest rate and wage growth
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Berti, Pietro. "Fuelling expectations : UK biofuel policy". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/15278.
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This dissertation analyses the biofuel debate in the UK, focusing on how the UK Government has deployed expectations to legitimise its biofuel policy. The analysis builds on the sociology of expectations, integrated with insights from the multi-level perspective (MLP) on socio-technical transitions. By the end of the 1990s, a sustainable paradigm permeated UK road transport policy opening a space for biofuel policy to emerge. In the second half of the 2000s, disagreements among UK stakeholders over the translation of EU biofuel targets into UK biofuel policy prefigured later EU-wide discussions over limiting targets for first-generation biofuels. Biofuels critics disagreed with the UK Government and biofuels supporters over how to protect a space for future second-generation biofuels, which were expected to overcome the harm caused by currently available, but controversial, first-generation biofuels. The UK Government and biofuels supporters defended rising targets for available biofuels as a necessary stimulus for industry to help fulfil the UK’s EU obligations and eventually develop second-generation biofuels. By contrast, critics opposed biofuels targets on the grounds that these would instead lock-in first-generation biofuels, thus pre-empting second-generation biofuels. I argue that these disagreements can be explained in relation to the UK Government‘s responsibilities relating to “promise-requirement cycles”, whereby technological promises generate future requirements for the actors involved. Further, I claim that the UK Government’s stance reflects what I call a “policy-promise lock-in” – i.e. a situation in which previous policy commitments towards technology innovators of incumbent technologies (currently controversial and potentially driven by several imperatives) are officially justified as necessary for the development of preferable emerging technologies. Finally, my analysis expands the focus of the sociology of expectations, which has hitherto mostly been used to investigate expectations from technology innovators – i.e. scientists or industrialists – by investigating how other types of actor mediate expectations among different parties, in particular, public authorities, industry associations, consultancies, and non-governmental organisations.
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Zalánová, Zuzana. "Tulip Revolution: Expectations versus Reality". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-85930.
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The dissertation deals with the phenomenon of hybrid regimes, specifically applied to the case of Kyrgyzstan. The main emphasis is placed on the 2005 Tulip Revolution and the regime of Kurmanbek Bakiyev installed by this event. Applying the theoretical concepts of hybrid regimes and regime change, the dissertation verifies the hypothesis that Kyrgyzstan's post-2005 political system retained its hybrid character and kept being neither a democracy nor an authoritarian regime. In this light, the Tulip Revolution brought about only a change of the leadership (as usual in coups d'état), not regime change (as might have been ushered by a democratic revolution).
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Lewis, Linda R. "Recasting Athol Fugard beyond expectations /". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 90 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1654492061&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Krause, Alan, i Alan Krause. "Great Expectations and Dodgy Explanations". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12338.
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How do organizations assess and explain their performance? Prior studies have attempted to demonstrate that, like individuals, organizations take credit for good performance and blame poor performance on influences in their environment. However, these studies have found only a weak relationship between performance and attribution at the level of the firm. This dissertation seeks to elucidate this relationship by conceptualizing firms as social agents and by combining aspiration and attribution theory for the first time at the level of the firm. Analysis of performance explanations by large, public manufacturing firms in 2004 and 2005 revealed that firms' performance explanations correlated with their cognitive experiences of success and failure. These findings further understanding of organizational cognition, attribution, and image management.
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Ahmed, Julia Marie. "Stakeholder Expectations of Islamic Education". PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4395.
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Teachers and parents make considerable sacrifices to affiliate themselves with Islamic schools. As they commit to Islamic education, they acquire certain expectations that they want their school to fulfill. The purpose of this study was to explore the academic, social, and cultural expectations of five teachers and five parents in an Islamic School on the West Coast in order understand how these expectations could be fulfilled in other Islamic schools across the United States. The main research questions of this study were: What are the academic, social, and cultural expectations that parents and teachers have of their Islamic schools? To what extent are Islamic schools meeting the expectations of parents and teachers? Qualitative, phenomenological research methods were used for the design of this study along with a purposeful sampling of teachers and parents, triangulation of data sources, and a thorough coding process.
Findings from the study supported that teachers and parents expected children to be knowledgeable about Islam in its broadest and deepest interpretations. Additionally, teachers and parents expected children to apply their knowledge of Islam in their everyday lives. Lastly, the degree that expectations were met depended on the support that teachers and parents received from their school community. When teachers and parents felt encouraged by school stakeholders, their expectations were generally fulfilled. Conversely, when teachers and parents felt that their needs were overlooked by school stakeholders, their expectations tended to remain unmet. Conclusions from the study explored ways to bridge the gap between met and unmet expectations of teachers and parents. Implications invited teachers and parents to move beyond expectations toward transformative educational experiences for children in Islamic schools.
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Pollio, Luigi. "Monetary Policy and Economic Expectations". Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2019. http://elea.unisa.it:8080/xmlui/handle/10556/4511.
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2017 - 2018Economists have long recognized that adverse shocks to the nancial sector can have signi cant e ects on the real economy. The chance that nancial instability will lead to macroeconomic instability is often termed \systemic risk" and the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers and the global crisis in the last decades represent near evidence. Historically, monetary authorities used to respond to global crisis by cutting interest rates to lower levels. However, when the short-term nominal interest rate reaches the zero lower bound, monetary policy loses the power to cut the interest rate to counterbalance the negative e ect of nancial crisis and to control the in ation rate in the economy. Motivating by the events of the nancial crisis in 2008, I study the e ect of nancial instability on the economy and the in uence of the Central Bank' unconventional monetary policy on market micro-structure. This work is divided in two main parts. In the rst chapter, I investigate the e ects of a nancial instability shock on consumption and business expectations using the \Announcements" of the European Central Bank in favor of stability as source of exogenous variation. Using quarterly data on the European countries, I show that a nancial instability shock depresses the aggregate expectations on investment while the e ects are mixed for aggregate consumption con dence. These results are robust to di erent identi cation schemes and several estimation methodologies. Finally, I estimate an impulse response function for a nancial instability shock on consumption and investment con dence using local projection on a 20 period horizon. The second chapter aims at assessing the impact of the unconventional monetary policy undertaken by the European Central Bank (ECB) on European corporate bond prices and their liquidity. Using a di erence-in-di erence estimation technique, I nd that the Corporate Sector Purchase Programme (CSPP) has signi cantly reduced both the yield and bid-ask spread of the purchased bonds. I also investigate whether the average treatment e ect has changed over time during the implementation of the policy: the e ect of the program on yield and prices has marginally abated, while the positive e ect on liquidity is still present approximately nine months after the policy inception. [edited by author]
XVII n.s. (XXXI ciclo)
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Colella, Adrienne J. "A new role for newcomer pre-entry expectations during organizational entry : expectation effects on job perceptions /". The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487671108308778.
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Aegisdottir, Stefania. "Icelanders' and Americans' expectations about counseling : do expectations vary by nationality, sex, and Holland's typology?" Virtual Press, 2000. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1191102.
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The purpose of the present study was threefold. First, to investigate Icelandic and American students' counseling expectations. Second, to study counseling expectations of men and women. And finally, to explore the relationship between counseling expectations and Holland's typology. Eight-hundred-and-one useable responses were gathered from the students. To explore the first two objectives, a 2 (Nationality: Icelandic and American) x 2 (Sex: men and women) between subjects multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was calculated with prior counseling experience as a covariate and scores on the three factor scales of the Expectations About Counseling Questionnaire-Brief Form (EAC-B) as the dependent variables. It was found that the Icelandic students expected greater expertise from the counselor than did the American students. It was also discovered that women, as compared to men, expected to be more personally committed to the counseling process, whereas men expected more counselor expertise.To investigate the third objective, a canonical correlation analysis was performed using responses to the three factor scales of the EAC-B as the predictors and scores on the six Holland's types (RIASEC) as the criterion. It was found that counseling expectations were significantly related to Holland's typology. That is, the more Social persons were the more they expected to be personally committed to counseling and the less counselor expertise they expected. Also, the more Realistic persons were the greater their expectations about counselor expertise and the lower their expectations about being personally committed to counseling. On the whole, it appeared that Icelandic students' counseling expectations resembled expectations of persons with no past counseling experience, counseling expectations of men, counseling expectations of some minority groups, and counseling expectations of individuals who tend to posses Realistic personality characteristics. Namely, expecting direction and guidance from an expert counselor. On the other hand, women and persons who tended to be Social expected less guidance from the counselor and expected to be greatly involved in the counseling process. Results were discussed in relation to past findings in the expectancy literature, the validity of the expectancy construct, and the need for unique counseling interventions to meet the needs of diverse multicultural groups.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Shiles, Megan N. "Impact of Intimate Partner Violence on Survivors' Work-Related Self-Efficacy Expectations and Outcome Expectations". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1310510706.
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Cardoso, Luís Filipe Rosa. "Expectativas e carreira dos graduados em MBA pelo ISEG". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10510.
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Mestrado em Gestão de Recursos HumanosFace à actual situação económica do país e às transformações no mundo do trabalho, tem-se verificado um aumento contínuo do desemprego e uma aposta na formação contínua através da frequência e obtenção de graus pós-graduados. A literatura sobre o tema atesta que uma das melhores vias para potenciar a empregabilidade e ganhar maior visibilidade no mercado do trabalho passa por adquirir mais e melhores conhecimentos e competências. Nesse sentido, a obtenção de um título de graduação superior pode permitir aos alunos melhorarem as suas oportunidades de emprego, conceberem uma mudança na carreira profissional e sobretudo alcançarem metas remuneratórias mais elevadas. A presente investigação visa contribuir para o melhor conhecimento desta realidade, focalizando-se sobre as expectativas e carreiras de um sector específico da força-de-trabalho: os alunos graduados em MBA pelo Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão. O objectivo é analisar se existe adequação ou não das expectativas de carreira ao mercado de trabalho e às relações de trabalho nas organizações onde desempenham a sua actividade. Por intermédio da aplicação de um inquérito, concluiu-se que o que levou os graduados do ISEG a optarem por realizar um MBA foi o facto de poderem aprofundar os seus conhecimentos em torno da Gestão de negócios, melhorar o desempenho profissional e obter melhores perspectivas de carreira, despontando nestes uma melhoria no processo de tomada de decisão, no desenvolvimento do trabalho em equipa, e na aprendizagem de técnicas de negociação.
Due to the current economical situation of the country, and the consequential transformations in the working conditions, Portugal has been facing a continuous increase in the unemployment rate, and the consequent ongoing investment that individuals do on their academic trainings. Everything read about this subject confirms that one of the best ways to improve one's employability and to be known in the work market, is by acquiring more and better knowledge and skills. Therefore, obtaining higher education allows students to improve their job opportunities. It has a positive impact on their professional career and, mainly, allows them to have higher salary expectations. The purpose of this investigation is to better understand this reality, focusing on the expectations and careers of a specific target: ISEG's MBA graduate students. The main goal is to analyze if there is any link between the students' career expectations and their current work situation. By doing a questionnaire, it was possible to conclude that most of the MBA students in ISEG chose to take this degree in order to deepen their knowledge on Business Management. Moreover, students admit that this degree allows them to improve their performance and to gain better career opportunities, by enabling the optimization of the decision-making process, team work, and in learning negotiation techniques.
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Ryrberg, Sophie. "Conversion in Great Expectations : An analysis of Charles Dickens's Great Expectations from a conversion narrative perspective". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-32017.
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This essay will analyse Charles Dickens’s Great Expectations from a conversion narrative perspective. It will show that the journey of the protagonist Pip have resemblances to the journey of Dante in Dante Alighieri’s The Divine Comedy. The reason for this is that Great Expectations is an equally clear example of a conversion narrative as The Divine Comedy. Both Pip and Dante meet sinners along their way, but the focus is on how the protagonists deal with their own sins. Pip goes through a typical conversion, where he goes from an avaricious, prodigal and proud person, to a man who values working hard for a sufficient living and being with the ones he love.
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Muhammad, Nasiruddeen. "Legitimate expectations in investment treaty arbitration : balancing between state's legitimate regulatory functions and investor's legitimate expectations". Thesis, University of Dundee, 2015. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/2e4fa295-67da-4e0a-b6b2-338a138bccfc.
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One of the impacts of globalization on the nation states across the globe is how the system reduces governmental intervention and weakens governmental control over many activities within a state's territory. From the governance perspective, states regulate and administer affairs within their territories in accordance with their constitutional mandates of satisfying fundamental objectives of their needs; the extent to which states can satisfy those needs is critically dependent on their ability to pursue public interest oriented policies for meeting the basic needs and for further development of its citizens i.e. for the public good. However, as the tasks of states entail regulation and administration for public purpose, it carries the risk of infringement of private interest or unfair treatment against private entities operating within the state. The complex nature of the investor - state relationship, therefore, provides a lush ground for tension and conflict between public and private interests. Private interests in this context, are the state's commitments to the foreign investors covered by investment treaty jurisprudence, while public interests are the domestic needs regarding public good also linked to compliance with other non-investment albeit international obligations. Under various domestic legal orders and some international law regimes, there is a well-developed principle of legitimate expectations which allows courts and domestic tribunals to filter, both, the legitimacy of individual's expectations and public interest dimension of governmental activities. In investment treaty arbitration, however, this tool or mechanism is lacking. The practice of the investment treaty (ad hoc) tribunals reveals the worrying degree of inconsistency and lack of coherence in the analysis of formulation and application of the principle of legitimate expectations. The principle as applied by investment treaty tribunals can be understood as 'reliance by foreign investor' caused by 'a state through its representation, conduct, or established legal framework', pursuant to which the foreign investor suffers damage or loss emanating from the state's regulatory or administrative measure. While Claimants in investment treaty arbitration are increasingly relying on the principle to frame their claims, its contours remain unsettled. In addition to the varying degrees of ambiguity in the formulation of the principle, the reach of its application raises the tension of overlap with a public interest dimension of the state's regulatory and administrative functions, particularly in the areas of human rights, public health, environment, and necessity measures or public choice. This thesis uses the doctrine of 'margin of appreciation' as an analytical framework for a comparative approach methodology. The doctrine of margin of appreciation as a public law tool could serve as a lens through which investment treaty tribunals could both formulate and apply the principle of legitimate expectations without obscuring the regulatory and administrative functions of states.
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McEntyre, Wanda L. J. "Self-efficacy expectations, outcome expectations and the prediction of medication usage, pain level and work readiness /". The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487260531958244.
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Geers, Andrew L. "EFFECTS OF AFFECTIVE EXPECTATIONS ON AFFECTIVE EXPERIENCE: THE MODERATING ROLE OF SITUATIONAL AND DISPOSITIONAL FACTORS". Ohio : Ohio University, 2001. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou987622506.
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Gruber, Peter. "Market expectations of short interest rates". St. Gallen, 2005. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/03608056001/$FILE/03608056001.pdf.
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Hoepner, Brian. "Methods of managing network user expectations". Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2005. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2005/2005hoepnerb.pdf.
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Ferrero, Giuseppe. "Expectations, interest rate and limited commitment". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7601.
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El tema genérico de la tesis es el estudio de modelos dinámicos que departen
del supuesto tradicional de mercados perfectos y expectativas racionales.
En el primer capitulo se estudia la política monetaria en un modelo
de aprendizaje. En este modelo la producción y la inflación dependen de
las expectativas, de los shocks a la economía y del tipo de interés determinado
por el banco central. En esta economía los agentes aprenden sobre la mejor
forma de prever la inflación y la producción futuras. Se muestra que la
velocidad de aprendizajes puede ser muy lenta, es decir, que la economía
con aprendizaje tardaría mucho tiempo en llegar al equilibrio de expectativas
racionales. En particular, si el banco central siguiera las políticas económicas
que se derivarían en un modelo de expectativas racionales, la economía
podría tardar tanto en llegar al equilibrio, que estas resultarían unas
malas políticas. Mas en concreto, si se toma en cuenta el aprendizaje,
la política optima del banco central tendría que reaccionar mucho mas a
la tasa de inflación y incrementar mas el tipo de interés en periodos de
inflación alta. El segundo capitulo de la tesis aborda el
problema de impagos de deudas. En particular se estudia la estipulación
de contratos financieros de seguro y de deuda, tomando en cuenta la posibilidad
que se produzcan impagos de la deuda. Recientemente se ha empezado a estudiar
modelos de división del riesgo bajo el supuesto que, si les conviene, los
agentes pueden salir de los contratos quedando excluidos para siempre del
mercado. Este supuesto de "exclusión permanente" se ha mantenido en la
literatura por razones técnicas que simplifican el cálculo numérico del
equilibrio. Sin embargo es evidente que se trata de un supuesto poco realista.
Por lo tanto, el segundo capitulo de la tesis estudia un modelo donde el
agente que no cumple el contrato queda excluido solo temporalmente del
mercado de deuda.