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1
Johnson, Christopher. "Leroi-Gourhan and the Field of Ethnology". Paragraph 43, nr 1 (marzec 2020): 10–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/para.2020.0318.
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The work of French ethnologist and prehistorian André Leroi-Gourhan (1911–86) represents an important episode in twentieth-century intellectual history. This essay follows the development of Leroi-Gourhan's relationship to the discipline of ethnology from his early work on Arctic Circle cultures to his post-war texts on the place of ethnology in the human sciences. It shows how in the pre-war period there is already a conscious attempt to articulate a more comprehensive form of ethnology including the facts of natural environment and material culture. The essay also indicates the biographical importance of Leroi-Gourhan's mission to Japan as a decisive and formative experience of ethnographic fieldwork, combining the learning of a language with extended immersion in a distinctive material and mental culture. Finally, it explores how in the post-war period Leroi-Gourhan's more explicit meta-commentaries on the scope of ethnology argue for an extension of the discipline's more traditional domains of study to include the relatively neglected areas of language, technology and aesthetics.
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FRUNTELATĂ, Ioana. "Etnologia românească actuală: tradiții, teme, practici disciplinare". Romanian Studies Today 1, nr 1/2017 (1.12.2017): 16–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.62229/rst/1.1/2.
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Updating Romanian Ethnology: traditions, themes, scientific practices Romanian Ethnology (named, at first, either Romanic Philology or Ethnopsychology) became an academic discipline at the end of the ninenteenth century, as part of Philology studies and in tune with European theories regarding comparative researches on folk (peasant) cultures as a means to identify origins, interrelations and evolution of peoples. As part of European Ethnology, Romanian Ethnology has evolved as a science engaged in the project of national construction and practising the discipline has always implied resisting political bias, especially during the communist period. After 1989, Romanian ethnologists have freely explored the limits of their science, criticising tradition and practising interdisciplinary approaches that have induced a fruitful state of internal crisis, out of which a „new Ethnology” has emerged. Although rural tradition and national and multiethnic cultural heritage remain the most important topics of Romanian Ethnology, there are also a series of recent themes (work migration, exploring socialism and postsocialism, urban cultures and many others) that integrate research into international trends. As far as specific practices are concerned, Romanian Ethnology (or its most „fashionable“ equivalent, Sociocultural Anthropology, as I demonstrate there is no substantial difference between ’Ethnology’ and ’Anthropologies’) is grounded in the research field which is explored by using qualitative methods.
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Komarov, Sergey, i Olga Zykina. "Research activity of IEA RAS in 2018: main achievements". Вестник антропологии (Herald of Anthropology) 45, nr 1 (7.03.2019): 105–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33876/2311-0546/2019-45-1/105-127.
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The article presents the key results achieved The Russian Academy of Sciences N.N. Miklouho-Maklay Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology in 2018, which is one of the leading Russian scientific institutions in the field. In the context of the research activities conducted by the Institute, the authors highlight the development of some fundamental issues of ethnology, socio-cultural and physical anthropology, as well as of a number of interdisciplinary areas. A brief review of the main publications representing the most significant scientific results is given. Special sections of the article reveal the key points of organizational and expert activities. The main vectors of international cooperation are indicated. Key words: IEA RAS, problems of ethnology and anthropology, research, expeditions, education, international cooperation, expert work.
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Limeira-DaSilva, Victor Rafael, i Juanma Sánchez Arteaga. "Alfred Russel Wallace and the Models of Amazonian “Indians” Displayed at the Crystal Palace Ethnological Exhibition". Nuncius 36, nr 3 (18.11.2021): 646–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18253911-bja10013.
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Abstract This paper discusses Alfred Russel Wallace’s Amazonian ethnography and his collaboration with Robert Latham on the models of indigenous Amazonian peoples that were placed on display at the Crystal Palace ethnological exhibition in 1854. The reception of scholars and the public to this innovative work is also considered. Wallace’s involvement in the first British ethnological exhibition of large proportions was fundamental to the dissemination of his work, which made a valuable contribution to a field of study—the ethnology of South America—that was still in its infancy in Britain, in marked contrast to Portugal, Spain, Germany and France. Wallace’s field observations of indigenous peoples were instilled in the British imagination through the handbook to the exhibition, in which Latham stressed the importance of Wallace’s descriptions to the advancement of the field of ethnology. Indeed, Wallace’s ethnographic accounts were deemed to provide an authoritative supplement to James Prichard’s preliminary and still somewhat limited ethnological map of northern South America, contributing to the creation of a more complete picture of the indigenous Amazonian peoples of Brazil.
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Židov, Nena. "Slovenian Ethnologists, Cultural Anthropologists and the Slovene Ethnographic Museum in the time of COVID-19 Pandemic". Etnološka istraživanja, nr 26 (20.12.2021): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32458/ei.26.7.
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The article outlines the reactions of Slovenian ethnologists and cultural anthropologists to the COVID-19 pandemic in the field of research and pedagogical work at the Department of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology of the Faculty of Arts of the University of Ljubljana. Special attention was paid to the impact of the pandemic on the work of the Slovene Ethnographic Museum in Ljubljana.
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Voronina, Tatyana A. "Remembering the Department of Ethnography, Moscow State University (1968-1974)". Вестник антропологии (Herald of Anthropology) 48, nr 4 (10.12.2019): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33876/2311-0546/2019-48-4/33-36.
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These are brief memoirs dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the Department of Ethnography / Ethnology, Faculty of History, Lomonosov Moscow State University. The author’s personal impressions date back to 1968-1974, when a whole galaxy of talented ethnographers worked under the leadership of the outstanding scientist S. A. Tokarev. They trained a large number of specialists who mastered the basics of scientific work, field research methods and continued the work of their wonderful teachers in various parts of the country. This testifies to the continuity of traditions in the field of ethnologica science and its relevance up to the present.
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Anttonen, Pertti. "Tradition and Heritage in Ethnological Practice and Theory". Anthropological Journal of European Cultures 17, nr 2 (1.09.2008): 84–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ajec.2008.170206.
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All scholarly fields feed on rhetoric of praise and criticism, mostly self-praise and self-criticism. Ethnology and folklore studies are not exceptions in this, regardless of whether they constitute a single field or two separate but related ones. This essay discusses questions concerning ethnological practice and object formation, cultural theory and the theory of tradition (or the lack thereof), cultural transmission, cultural representation, and the ethics and politics of cultural ownership and repatriation. It draws on general observations as well as on work in progress. The main concern is with a discursive move: from tradition to heritage, from the ethnography of repetition and replication to cultural relativist descriptions and prescriptions of identity construction and cultural policy, from ethnography as explanation to ethnography as representation and presentation. In addition, the essay seeks to delineate other underlying tenets that appear to constitute our traditions and heritages - both as strengths and as long-term constraints and biases. Where is ethnology headed in its quest to transcend theories and practices? Less theory and more practice? More theory on practice? Or more practice on theory?
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Veit, Walter F. "Missionaries and their ethnographic instructions". Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 127, nr 1 (2015): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rs15007.
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When in the 1880s and 1890s German Lutheran missionaries were sent to Australia from their colleges in Hermannsburg in Lower Saxony and Neuendettelsau in Bavaria to work among the Australian indigenous peoples of the Northern Territory, they had no ethnological education to speak of. This was particularly true for Carl Strehlow who, born in 1871 and educated from 1888 to 1891 at the Lutheran Missionary College in Neuendettelsau, arrived in Adelaide in 1892 and went straight to work with Pastor Reuther among the Diari in Killalpaninna, south of Lake Eyre. From there, in 1894, he was sent to Hermannsburg to resurrect the abandoned Lutheran Mission Station of the Finke River Mission, owned by the South Australian Immanuel Synod. The records of the curriculum in Neuendettelsau show no subjects teaching the theory and practice of ethnology. However, his ethnographic work among the local tribes of the Arrernte and Loritja is today still considered a classic in the field. As a contribution to the history of research methodology in the field of ethnology, I intend to give a brief outline of 1) the early development of scientific research instructions in general, and 2) as a special case, Carl Strehlow’s learning process in form of letters with questions and answers between himself in Hermannsburg and his editors in Frankfurt.
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Karlov, Victor, i Natalya P. Mironova. "The Department of Ethnology in the scientific life of Lev Pavlovich Lashchuk". Вестник антропологии (Herald of Anthropology) 48, nr 4 (10.12.2019): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33876/2311-0546/2019-48-4/5-17.
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The authors give an overview of the academic career of Professor L.P. Lashuk. He was one of the leading professors of the Department of Ethnography (now Ethnology) of Moscow State University in the 1960-1980-ies. L.P. Lashuk received his degree at the Department in 1950, having obtained high-quality training. This enabled him to work successfully and fruitfully until 1960 in Syktyvkar, at the Komi branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences. He obtained national recognition for contributing greatly to the development of ethnography of the peoples of the Komi Republic. Having returned to Moscow to work at the History Faculty of the Moscow State University, the scholar used his rich experience in the field, expanded his research interests, became one of the Russian leading ethnologists, founded his scientific school. The authors believe that the Department of Ethnology played a tremendous role in the formation of LP. Lashuk as a professional, one of the most prominent representatives of national science among "second generation" professors of the Department of Ethnography.
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Kosyak, Natalia. "A Review of O. P. Kolomiets, I. I. Krupnik (eds.), Applied Ethnology in Chukotka: Indigenous Knowledge, Museums, Cultural Heritage (Celebrating the 125th Anniversary of Nikolai L. Gondatti’s 1895 Trip to the Chukchi Peninsula). Moscow: PressPass, 2020, 468 pp." Antropologicheskij forum 19, nr 59 (grudzień 2023): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.31250/1815-8870-2023-19-59-197-206.
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This collective monograph, edited by O. P. Kolomiets and I. I. Krupnik, is dedicated to the memory of the colonial administrator of the Anadyr district Nikolai L. Gondatti as one of the founders of the ethnographic study of Chukotka. The collection of papers is the result of the work of a team of 18 authors and includes texts of different genres: analytical works, including historical and sociolinguistic papers, publications of archival documents by N. L. Gondatti, field essays, memoirs, biographical sketches, essays, letters, and articles about museum collections. In addition to the biography and heritage of Gondatti, the authors focus on traditional ecological knowledge, the local history of the settlements of Chukotka, indigenous languages, and cultural heritage. The authors propose rethinking the concept of applied ethnology and understanding it more broadly. The book is an example of co-authorship with representatives of indigenous communities. The review provides an overview of the chapters of the monograph, the structural features, and genre diversity of the articles in the book. Also in focus is the authors’ understanding of the term “applied ethnology” and, in particular, the expansion of this concept.
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Zlatanovic, Sanja. "The Serbian community of the Kosovo Morava region in a kaleidoscope of folklore fieldwork research". Prilozi za knjizevnost, jezik, istoriju i folklor, nr 80 (2014): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pkjif1480113z.
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The present paper briefly reviews field research to date in the Morava region of Kosovo, mainly centering on folklore studies but including studies in the kindred sciences of ethnology and anthropology. It focuses on research carried out in the Serbian community, as this is at the centre of interest of Serbian folklore studies, ethnology and anthropology. The Kosovo Morava region, however, is a multiethnic area with hybrid cultural practices. Research, therefore, whether in the field or based on material obtained on the ground, implies careful contextualization. The author first refers to work of Jastrebov, and to articles published in the journal Carigradski glasnik (1895-1905), going on to discuss the results of 20th century field research by Ljubica and Danica Jankovic, Miodrag Vasiljevic, Tatomir Vukanovic, Vladimir Cvetanovic, Momcilo Zlatanovic, students from University of Pristina (Vladimir Bovan, ed.), with local enthusiasts Stanislav Kojic and Ratko Stoiljkovic. The Serbian community of the Morava Region of Kosovo was the focus of a ethnolinguistic project Studies of Slavic Speeches in Kosovo and Metohija, by the Institute for Serbian Language of SASA, and supported by UNESCO (2002- 2003). The project collected a significant body of folklore material, but the relevant papers addressed this mainly from the linguistic perspective. Sanja Zlatanovic, author of the present paper, carried out extensive ethnographic research into the Serbian community of the Kosovo Morava region, obtaining narratives with the marks of folklore. Those about events linked to the war and its aftermath are of particular interest, situated as they are at the point where the fields of anthropology and folklore cross.
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Benovska, Milena. "Culture of (Dis)trust in Bulgaria: Anthropological Perspectives". Yearbook of Balkan and Baltic Studies 4 (grudzień 2021): 367–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/ybbs4.16.
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The concept of social trust is located at the intersection of a broad field of meaning, including various theoretical tools in the social sciences: social capital, social networks, political power. It cannot be said that ethnology in Bulgaria has never studied socio-cultural phenomena in this light. Certainly, however, the work of Ana Luleva is the first systematic, competent, consistent and comprehensive study of the issue. In this sense, the book Culture of (dis) trust in Bulgaria: Anthropological Perspectives is not just innovative or makes a contribution. Undoubtedly it is, but more importantly, we have before us a serious and, I would say, a staged theoretical contribution in the field of social trust research. In itself, even just the introductory part of the work represents a serious theoretical effort.
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Vetter, Jeremy. "Field science in the Railroad Era: the tools of knowledge empire in the American West, 1869-1916". História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos 15, nr 3 (wrzesień 2008): 597–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-59702008000300003.
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Focusing on the field sciences during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, this paper analyzes how railroads served as tools of knowledge empire in the American West. The political economy of this region, shaped by the rise of Populism and capitalist development with federal and state government support, provided the context for cooperation between field scientists and railroad companies. Early on, the displacement of American Indians and their concentration on reservations was intertwined with the research of the Bureau of Ethnology under John Wesley Powell. Later, railroad companies became important patrons of field research, primarily through their provision of free or reduced-fare passes for travel. This research ranged from state universities undertaking research in horticulture and irrigation engineering to metropolitan natural history museums whose field work in paleontology had cultural or symbolic value.
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Ivanchenko, Anatolii S. "Features of the study of language as an aspect of religious consciousness". Ukrainian Religious Studies, nr 39 (13.06.2006): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2006.39.1739.
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The purpose of this article is to shed light on the peculiarities of language functioning in the structure of a person's religious consciousness. The article is an attempt to actualize and rethink some of the scientific methods of contemporary religious discipline in the light of new research in psychology and linguistics. Much has been done along the way. The most notable specialized work of recent years on this topic can be considered "Language and religion" by N.B. Mechkovskaya, which was released in 1998. There are enough works relevant to our topic that should be addressed; in the field of psychology these are the works of Luria, Rubinstein, Leontiev, Vygotsky, Fromm, etc., ethnology and linguistics - Saussure, Levi-Strauss, Potebna, and others.
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Stadnik, Yuliia. "Cooperation between the Museum of Sloboda Ukraine and the Ethnology and Local History Section of the Kharkiv Research Department of the History of Ukrainian Culture (1920s)". Folk art and ethnology, nr 2 (30.06.2023): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/nte2023.02.046.
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The article investigates the collaboration, at personal, scientific, and public levels, between the Ethnology and Local History Section of the Kharkiv Research Department of the History of Ukrainian Culture and the Museum of Sloboda Ukraine throughout the 1920s. This period saw the development of Ukrainian science under challenging socio-political circumstances. Insufficient financial support, the restructuring of the education and science system, and later, the repression of scholars created an unstable scientific field. At the same time, the cooperation of scholars within ideological and thematic schools of thought intensified. The research determined that the joint activities of the staff of the Ethnology and Local History Section and the Museum of Sloboda Ukraine were based on common research topics, as well as the work of talented scholars, including M. Sumtsov, R. Dankivska, I. Yerofeyev, P. Kovalivskyi and others in full-time positions simultaneously in both institutions. In addition, the museum was considered one of the Department’s scientific and auxiliary institutions. The study found that personal connections within the Section and the Museum led to the formation of a professional circle of scholars who tackled theoretical and practical problems of ethnology and local history. The joint activities resulted in the development of ethnological research programmes used during search expeditions, as well as in the partial solution of the problem of promulgating the results of scientific work – the publication of scholars’ achievements in the Museum’s editions of and the Department’s collections. The department also trained a younger generation of scholars who engaged in professional activities in the museum industry. Joint efforts of staff of the Department and the Museum were instrumental in carrying out successful cultural and educational work. From 1925 to 1927, a series of lectures on the history and culture of Ukraine was organized. As a result of mutual assistance, the Ethnological and Local History Section of the Kharkiv Research Department of the History of Ukrainian Culture and the Museum of Sloboda Ukraine became centres of ethnological and local history studies in 1920s Kharkivshchyna.
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Hamilton, Lindsay, Tallberg Linda i Astrid Huopalainen. "Can Methods Do Good?" Ethnologia Fennica 47, nr 2 (22.12.2020): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.23991/ef.v47i2.97592.
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In this conversational essay, three scholars working in the field of human—animal studies discuss the multi—species work that is underway in ethnology. Examples of different methodological approaches are highlighted; multispecies ethnography, crystallization, feminist dog-writing and écriture feminine. By reflecting on the value of such techniques, the authors contend that a renewed enthusiasm for methodological innovation can pave the way for more rounded accounts of social life, bringing animals and their agencies into clearer focus as companions, workers and beings in their own right. This is regarded as both an intellectual and ethical pursuit, with methods placed at the heart of the endeavour.
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Skripnik, Anna. "Re-actualization of scientific studies of ethnological institutions of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences of the 1920s of the ХХ century (to the centenary of the establishment of the Cabinet of Anthropology and Ethnology named after F. Volkov)". Journal of Ethnology and Culturology 30 (grudzień 2021): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/rec.2021.30.04.
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In the context of the development of ethnological science in the first quarter of the 20th century, the article exa-mines the current and still relevant methods of ethnographic research on the example of the scientific work and creativity of the Ukrainian artist-ethnographer Yu. Pavlovych. His legacy includes tens of thousands of sketches of the monuments of the ethnic culture of the Ukrainian and other peoples, and includes original scientific publications. The research interests of the ethnographer were formed as a result of his acquaintance with the works of the leading Ukrainian scientists P. Chubynsky, F. Volkov and V. Antonovych. Since the time of Yu. Pavlovich’s work in the Cabinet of Anthropology and Ethnology of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine named after F. Volkov, his ethnological activity acquired consistency and was regulated by the ethnographic scientific projects of this institution. According to these programs, the scientist participated in monographic studies of settlements, successfully mapped the phenomena of material culture and carried out field ethnographic research.
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Кириченко (Kirichenko), Олег Викторович (Oleg V. ). "Семинар «Православие, этнос и русская народная культура». Краткий обзор 20 лет работы (SEMINAR “ORTHODOXY, ETHNOS, AND RUSSIAN NATIONAL CULTURE”. SUMMARY OF 20 YEARS OF WORK)". Традиции и современность, nr 24 (wrzesień 2020): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33876/2687-119x/2020-24/137-145.
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Краткий обзор истории семинара включает в себя общую оценку его деятельности за двадцать лет его существования. Семинар появился в Институте этнологии и антропологии РАН как платформа для обсуждения научных идей, концепций, результатов исследований православных ученых и православия, как такового (Церкви, веры, мировоззрения, культурообразующего явления и проч.). Междисциплинарный характер его позволил привлечь сюда ученых из разных областей гуманитарного знания: этнографов, педагогов, историков, филологов, искусствоведов, архитекторов; исследователей из светской области мысли и церковной. Ныне семинар начинает решать новые задачи - более проблемного и теоретического характера. A brief overview of the history of the seminar includes an overall assessment of its activities. The seminar appeared at the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences as a platform for discussing scientific ideas, concepts, research results of Orthodox scholars and Orthodoxy as such (Church, faith, worldview, culture-forming phenomenon, etc.). Its interdisciplinary nature made it possible to attract scientists from different fields of humanitarian knowledge: ethnographers, educators, historians, philologists, art historians, architects; researchers from the secular field of thought and the church. Now the seminar is solving new problems of a more theoretical nature.
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Martinka, Pavel. "K didaktickým aspektom hudobno-tanečného folklorizmu". Disputationes Scientificae Universitatis Catholicae in Ružomberok 22, nr 1 (2022): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.54937/dspt.2022.22.1.51-55.
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The paper presents the results of activities of academic staff in the field of research and application of elements of music and dance folklorism in the professional didactics of music art, which are part of the project KEGA 037UMB-4/2018, Creation of a musical-dance work as an artistic means for the development of union didactics on the platform of the university artistic ensemble, which was implemented in 2018-2021 at the Department of Music Culture, Faculty of Education, Matej Bel University, in cooperation with the Department of Elementary and Preschool Pedagogy, the Department of History, Faculty of Arts, MBU and the Department of Ethnology and Non-European Studies, University of St. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava.
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Enache, George. "SCHOOLS AND THEMES OF ANTHROPOLOGY, ETHNOLOGY, AND HISTORY OF RELIGION IN ROMANIA". Paper of Faculty of History, nr 33 (12.03.2024): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2312-6825.2022.33.270457.
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The article represents a brief presentation of the evolution of religious studies in Romania during the 19–20 centuries. The studies on the religious phenomenon written in Romania in the 19th century were closely related to the national problem. One of the fundamental questions that arose at the time was whether Christianity is an integral part of national identity. At the end of the 19th century Christianity was seen as a popular tradition, part of what was beginning to be known as folklore. As folklore represented the Romanian identity, it had to be preserved at all costs, therefore also the Christian elements found in popular traditions. Tudor Pamfile is the scholar who shows that folklore is not just a sum of superstitions that must be preserved because it represents tradition. He says that folklore represents a complex universe of meanings, a coherent world, which modern people no longer understand. After the First World War, Christianity is reconsidered. The rationalism of the 19th century is rejected, and "spiritualism" is adopted. Ernest Bernea, Ovidiu Papadima and other scholars wanted to show that the Romanian popular tradition, the basis of national identity, is permeated with the most authentic Christian vision. The Romanian popular tradition was no longer a matter of "superstition", but of the most authentic truth of life. Such an idea is spreading that the authentic man is a religious man. It is the basis of the conception of Mircea Eliade, who will become one of the most important researchers in the field of the history of religions in the world. He overcomes the issue of Romanian identity and its relationship with Christianity. He will be concerned in his works to show the universality of religious feeling, studying religious manifestations at a global level, from prehistory to the present. After 1945, the communist period was established in Romania. Religious history studies have been replaced by atheistic propaganda. However, scholars from the interwar period sought to study the religious phenomenon in Romania and the rest of the world. Also, many young people learned about Mircea Eliade and his work, carried out in France and the United States. One of them was Ioan Petru Culianu who managed to escape from Romania and become one of the great scholars in the field of history of religions. After the fall of the communist regime, religious history studies in Romania experienced a remarkable development.
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Pye, Michael. "Methodological integration in the study of religions". Scripta Instituti Donneriani Aboensis 17, nr 1 (1.01.1999): 189–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.30674/scripta.67253.
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"Religions" constitute a field of study and accordingly "the study of religion (or religions)" is a discipline. What is a discipline, that is, in the scientific sense? It is no more, and no less, than a methodically ordered approach to the study of a field. The field "religion(s)", no less than any other fields, requires a methodically ordered approach for its study. The methodically ordered approach, the discipline, takes on particular characteristics as required for the best study of the field. Consequently, the discipline of the study of religion(s) is not necessarily quite the same as the discipline required for the study of other fields, though it may be rather similar to the discipline required for the study of closely related fields. The disciplined study of religion cannot be split down the middle, for example between history and ethnology, just because some people prefer to work with a certain kind of source material or prefer a certain kind of professional badge. It is an unduly easy alibi to say that the study of religion is "interdisciplinary", even if this is helpful in a preliminary way. All too often an emphasis on "interdisciplinarity" seems to suggest an openness to a variety of methods while it in fact allows the challenge of methodological reflection to be avoided. By contrast, as has been seen above, the discipline of the study of religions both requires and can find its own specific methodological integration.
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Pieńczak, Agnieszka. "The Polish Ethnographic Atlas: Research Achievements and Prospects". Ethnologia Actualis 15, nr 2 (1.12.2015): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eas-2015-0018.
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Abstract In 1998, the source materials of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas - collected over many decades with the participation of the Institute of History of Material Culture (a unit of the Polish Academy of Sciences) and several leading ethnological centres - were moved to the Cieszyn Branch of the University of Silesia (currently the Faculty of Ethnology and Education). It was then that Z. Kłodnicki, the editor of the PEA, came up with the idea to continue and finish the atlas studies. However, the work on fulfilling the PEA, the biggest project in the history of Polish ethnology, is still going on. Nowadays, the materials of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas constitute a precious, unique in the national scale, documentary base. For several years, a lively cooperation has taken place between the PEA staff (representing the Faculty of Ethnology and Education of the University of Silesia) and various cultural institutions, government and non-government organizations. The discussed projects are usually aimed at the preservation and protection of the cultural heritage of the Polish village as well as the broadly related promotion actions for activating local communities. The workers of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas since 2014 have been also implementing the Ministry grant entitled The Polish Ethnographic Atlas - scientific elaboration, electronic database, publication of the sources in the Internet, stage I (scientific supervision: Ph.D. Agnieszka Pieńczak). What is an integral assumption of the discussed project is the scientific elaboration of three electronic catalogues, presenting the PEA resources: 1) field photographs (1955-1971) 2) the questionnaires concerning folk collecting (1948-1952), 3. the published maps (1958-2013). These materials have been selected due to their documentary value. The undertaking has brought about some measurable effects, mostly the special digital platform www.archiwumpae.us.edu.pl. This material database of ethnographic data might become the basis for designing various non-material activities aimed at preserving the cultural heritage of the Polish village.
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Walsh, Matthew J., Sean O’Neill, Armin W. Geertz, Jesper Sørensen, Felix Riede i Rane Willerslev. "Disparate Ontologies?" Religionsvidenskabelig Skriftrække, nr 2 (25.01.2023): ix—102. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/rvs.vi2.135749.
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Disparate Ontologies? Takes a critical look at Philippe Descola’s four-field anthropological model for ontologies among hunter-gatherer societies. Descola’s model juxtaposes animism, totemism, analogism, and naturalism as reflecting different expressions of interiority and physicality and queries those four ontological concepts as comparative units of analysis. While Descola’s Beyond Nature and Culture (2013) was a ground-breaking exploration of ontological ethnology and anthropological theory, the present work questions whether animism and totemism should be considered as comparable units in cross-cultural anthropological studies. Disparate Ontologies? focuses on the interpretive suitability of the concepts of animism and totemism as comparable variables in comparative analysis by investigating a sample of traditional indigenous societies from the northernmost Northern Hemisphere. The work focuses on ethnographic examples of animism and totemism, as well as cyclical rebirth eschatology and forms of perspectivism in an attempt to provide insights into the similarities and differences of ontological reckonings among diverse peoples across the North.
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Koppel, Katre, Anastasiya Astapova, Aivo Põlluäär, Liis-Marii Roosnupp i Keiu Telve. "Teadussündmus: Meil töö ja lõbu tasakaalus – viiendast rahvusvahelisest noorte folkloristide konverentsist „Folklore of Connections, Folklore of Conflicts“ / Balancing Work and Fun – the 5th International Young Folklorists’ Conference “Folklore or Connections, Folklore of Conflicts”". Studia Vernacula 7 (4.11.2016): 220–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sv.2016.7.220-229.
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The 5th international conference of young folklorists “Folklore of Connections, Folklore of Conflicts” took place from 7-9 October 2015. The conference series started out as a one-day event in Tartu as a cooperation venture between the Department of Estonian and Comparative Folklore and the Department of Ethnology at the University of Tartu in 2011. On the initiative of Lithuanian colleagues and the Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore and in cooperation with the Department of Estonian and Comparative Folklore at the University of Tartu, the next conference was held in Vilnius as a two-day event with a wider audience of international participants. Since 2013, Tartu Nefa Rühm – an organisation that unites students of ethnology and folkloristics – has also taken part in the organisation of the conference. In 2015, the Estonian Crafts Department of the University of Tartu’s Viljandi Culture Academy joined the circle of organisers, and Viljandi became the meeting place for the young researchers.The young folklorists’ conference aims to improve academic communication, cooperation and research in the field of folkloristics, offering advanced students and recently graduated young researchers from different countries the possibility to present their research to an international audience. This time the youngsters had the chance to discuss their research themes, concentrating on how folklore helps forge contact or favours conflict. Folklore unites people and groups; it is used to create identities and cultural models. However, there are many examples from the past that show how folklore has been used as a tool to draw (and redraw) boundaries.In addition to the experiences that the young scientists gained as presenters, organisers of panels or moderators, everyone had the chance to learn from renowned guest speakers William Westerman (USA) and Alexander Panchenko (Russia).
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Koppel, Katre, Anastasiya Astapova, Aivo Põlluäär, Liis-Marii Roosnupp i Keiu Telve. "Teadussündmus: Meil töö ja lõbu tasakaalus – viiendast rahvusvahelisest noorte folkloristide konverentsist „Folklore of Connections, Folklore of Conflicts“ / Balancing Work and Fun – the 5th International Young Folklorists’ Conference “Folklore or Connections, Folklore of Conflicts”". Studia Vernacula 7 (4.11.2016): 220–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sv.2016.7.220-229.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The 5th international conference of young folklorists “Folklore of Connections, Folklore of Conflicts” took place from 7-9 October 2015. The conference series started out as a one-day event in Tartu as a cooperation venture between the Department of Estonian and Comparative Folklore and the Department of Ethnology at the University of Tartu in 2011. On the initiative of Lithuanian colleagues and the Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore and in cooperation with the Department of Estonian and Comparative Folklore at the University of Tartu, the next conference was held in Vilnius as a two-day event with a wider audience of international participants. Since 2013, Tartu Nefa Rühm – an organisation that unites students of ethnology and folkloristics – has also taken part in the organisation of the conference. In 2015, the Estonian Crafts Department of the University of Tartu’s Viljandi Culture Academy joined the circle of organisers, and Viljandi became the meeting place for the young researchers.The young folklorists’ conference aims to improve academic communication, cooperation and research in the field of folkloristics, offering advanced students and recently graduated young researchers from different countries the possibility to present their research to an international audience. This time the youngsters had the chance to discuss their research themes, concentrating on how folklore helps forge contact or favours conflict. Folklore unites people and groups; it is used to create identities and cultural models. However, there are many examples from the past that show how folklore has been used as a tool to draw (and redraw) boundaries.In addition to the experiences that the young scientists gained as presenters, organisers of panels or moderators, everyone had the chance to learn from renowned guest speakers William Westerman (USA) and Alexander Panchenko (Russia).
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Koppel, Katre, Anastasiya Astapova, Aivo Põlluäär, Liis-Marii Roosnupp i Keiu Telve. "Teadussündmus: Meil töö ja lõbu tasakaalus – viiendast rahvusvahelisest noorte folkloristide konverentsist „Folklore of Connections, Folklore of Conflicts“ / Balancing Work and Fun – the 5th International Young Folklorists’ Conference “Folklore or Connections, Folklore of Conflicts”". Studia Vernacula 7 (4.11.2016): 220–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sv.2016.7.220-229.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The 5th international conference of young folklorists “Folklore of Connections, Folklore of Conflicts” took place from 7-9 October 2015. The conference series started out as a one-day event in Tartu as a cooperation venture between the Department of Estonian and Comparative Folklore and the Department of Ethnology at the University of Tartu in 2011. On the initiative of Lithuanian colleagues and the Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore and in cooperation with the Department of Estonian and Comparative Folklore at the University of Tartu, the next conference was held in Vilnius as a two-day event with a wider audience of international participants. Since 2013, Tartu Nefa Rühm – an organisation that unites students of ethnology and folkloristics – has also taken part in the organisation of the conference. In 2015, the Estonian Crafts Department of the University of Tartu’s Viljandi Culture Academy joined the circle of organisers, and Viljandi became the meeting place for the young researchers.The young folklorists’ conference aims to improve academic communication, cooperation and research in the field of folkloristics, offering advanced students and recently graduated young researchers from different countries the possibility to present their research to an international audience. This time the youngsters had the chance to discuss their research themes, concentrating on how folklore helps forge contact or favours conflict. Folklore unites people and groups; it is used to create identities and cultural models. However, there are many examples from the past that show how folklore has been used as a tool to draw (and redraw) boundaries.In addition to the experiences that the young scientists gained as presenters, organisers of panels or moderators, everyone had the chance to learn from renowned guest speakers William Westerman (USA) and Alexander Panchenko (Russia).
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Koppel, Katre, Anastasiya Astapova, Aivo Põlluäär, Liis-Marii Roosnupp i Keiu Telve. "Teadussündmus: Meil töö ja lõbu tasakaalus – viiendast rahvusvahelisest noorte folkloristide konverentsist „Folklore of Connections, Folklore of Conflicts“ / Balancing Work and Fun – the 5th International Young Folklorists’ Conference “Folklore or Connections, Folklore of Conflicts”". Studia Vernacula 7 (4.11.2016): 222–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sv.2016.7.222-229.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The 5th international conference of young folklorists “Folklore of Connections, Folklore of Conflicts” took place from 7-9 October 2015. The conference series started out as a one-day event in Tartu as a cooperation venture between the Department of Estonian and Comparative Folklore and the Department of Ethnology at the University of Tartu in 2011. On the initiative of Lithuanian colleagues and the Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore and in cooperation with the Department of Estonian and Comparative Folklore at the University of Tartu, the next conference was held in Vilnius as a two-day event with a wider audience of international participants. Since 2013, Tartu Nefa Rühm – an organisation that unites students of ethnology and folkloristics – has also taken part in the organisation of the conference. In 2015, the Estonian Crafts Department of the University of Tartu’s Viljandi Culture Academy joined the circle of organisers, and Viljandi became the meeting place for the young researchers.The young folklorists’ conference aims to improve academic communication, cooperation and research in the field of folkloristics, offering advanced students and recently graduated young researchers from different countries the possibility to present their research to an international audience. This time the youngsters had the chance to discuss their research themes, concentrating on how folklore helps forge contact or favours conflict. Folklore unites people and groups; it is used to create identities and cultural models. However, there are many examples from the past that show how folklore has been used as a tool to draw (and redraw) boundaries.In addition to the experiences that the young scientists gained as presenters, organisers of panels or moderators, everyone had the chance to learn from renowned guest speakers William Westerman (USA) and Alexander Panchenko (Russia).
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Ciucă, Valerius M. "Judecătorul și fabulistul orheian Alecu Donici, precursor al etnologiei juridice românești". Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Iurisprudentia 65, nr 4 (16.03.2021): 212–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbiur.65(2020).4.5.
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"Paul Valéry said about fables as follows: “Little by little those who loved or liked it, those who were able to understand it disappear. Those who demanded it, those who broke it, those who bantered it died too ... Soon, an instrument of pleasure and emotion will become a school accessory; what used to constitute the truth, what used to constitute the beauty turns into a means of constraint or into an object that arouses curiosity, but a curiosity which forces itself to be curious."" (""Oraison funèbre d´une fable"", in Variétés, apud Sanda Radian, Măștile fabulei. Etape de evoluție în literatura română (The Fable Masks. Stages of Evolution in Romanian Literature), Minerva Publishing House, Bucharest, 1983, p. 5) In a recent conference, held in Suceava[1], I expressed some regrets in relation to the absence of scientific concerns in the vast and important field of legal ethnography and ethnology in Romania, as follows: ""Legal ethnography and ethnology are not obviously, in particular, delimited in Simeon Florea Marian's grandiose work. General science was in the course of being established; it was not the time for particularistic developments. It was late when by means of another pioneering work, that of the Romanian scholar and anthropologist Romulus Vulcănescu, some issues of concern for our jurists, for law sociologists and anthropologists started to be reflected in the Romanian legal culture. Very few. Even the great ethnologist Petru Ursache acknowledged that the domain was deficient, in his very impressive creation of ethnosophy"". ⁂ As for the fable, apparently a minor literary genre, so much lamented, as we have seen above, by Paul Valéry, as an object of historical contemplation only, the intersection of the legal culture with the sapiential, moral and literary spirit of the people increases considerably; so much that it becomes a valuable scientific landmark in the emergent legal ethnology twinned with legal sociology, with legal anthropology and with legal folklore[2]. In the most serious way, even if, isn’t it true, with hilarious and caricaturizing weapons, with a playful and clever spirit, the fable decrypts a people's propensity for truth and justice or, conversely, for gregarious fatalism in relation to the vices that corrupt the nation psychologically and morally. Its role is didactic. The young jurists would become scientifically and culturally ennobled if they took over the case law, the ""cases"", from the fables ... Or if, their masters guided them towards associating the case law with the comic and fabulising spirit of the wise judge ... [1] Pagini de etnografie juridico-morală în opera fondatoare a bucovineanului polimat Simeon Florea Marian, cronicar al sufletelor românești în pragul Marii Uniri. Remarcabila lui contribuție la înfăptuirea milenarului ideal (Pages of legal-moral ethnography in the founding work of the polymath from Bucovina Simeon Florea Marian, chronicler of Romanian souls on the verge of the Great Union. His remarkable contribution to the achievement of the ideal millennial), conference held during the Scientific Session ""The contribution of the lawyers from Bucovina to the accomplishment of the Great Union"", November 28, 2018, ""Stefan cel Mare"" University from Suceava & Suceava Bar Association. The text of the conference was delivered for publication in ""Analale Muzeului Memorial Simion Florea Marian” from Suceava, under the guidance of Mrs. Aura Brădățan, 2019. [2] Romulus Vulcănescu, Etnologie juridică (Legal Ethnology), Editura Academiei, Bucharest, 1970, p. 9 : ""The following subjects deal with the study of the legal aspects of primitive and popular civilization and culture as constitutive parts of the conception about existence and the world and of the ways of normative organization of life, partially and with unequal theoretical resources: ""legal geography"", ""legal anthropology"", ""legal sociology"" and ""legal ethnology"". """
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Славский, В., V. Slavskiy, Михаил Чернышов i Mikhail Chernyshov. "SUSTAINABILITY OF NUTS OF THE GENUS JUGLANS TO NEGATIVE WINTER TEMPERATURES IN THE VORONEZH REGION". Forestry Engineering Journal 8, nr 1 (19.03.2018): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5ab0dfbd226477.15826387.
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Given the high value of Juglans nuts, the increase in their production should not only be due to the identification and breeding of the best forms, but also by shifting the established border of cultivation to the North. In this regard, the main purpose of the work is to study and analyze the adaptive characteristics of plants in winter. The paper considers garden, park and field protection plantations, plantations, landscape groups and stand-alone trees of Juglans family nuts on adaptive signs of frost resistance and frost stability, as well as the most stable forms, which should form the basis of the breeding fund. Comparison of resistance of the genus Juglans to the various factors of ethnology gives the following results: decreasing resistance to low negative temperatures, plants can be placed as J. cenerea, J. manshurica, J. nigra, J. cordiformis, J. regia.
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Danylevych, Alisa. "Ukrainian Paremia in the Ethnographic Works of Stepan Nos". Ethnic History of European Nations, nr 70 (2023): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2518-1270.2023.70.01.
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The article, based on the study of the updated works of S. D. Nos and archival documents, analyzes the scientific work of the scientist in the field of ethnography and folkloristics on the example of the study and use in his works of Ukrainian folk proverbs, which are systematized according to genre: proverbs and sayings, beliefs and omens, riddles, fairy tales. It is noted that proverbs and sayings, which the scientist used when preparing his scientific works, were the most used in the work of the ethnographer. It is emphasized that numerous proverbs and sayings are used in works on traditional calendar and family rites, ethnology, ethnomedicine, national cuisine, in particular in his works such as «About diseases and how to prevent them», «To the ploughman», «In every nation own nature» etc. It has been established that the largest number of proverbs, sayings, parables, superstitions and fairy tales are available in the handwritten researches of S. D. Nos, which are stored in archival institutions and library departments, as well as on the pages of the journal «Osnova» and «Chernihiv provincial gazettes». Prose and poetic paremies, which reflect the everyday life and traditions of the Ukrainian people, song creativity, ritual art, which testify to the ethnographer’s deep knowledge of Ukrainian society, its history and culture, are considered.
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Kovalets, Lidiia. "Books as Salvation from Stiffness… Taras Shevchenko of the Time of Exile in the Dimension of his Reading". Pitannâ lìteraturoznavstva, nr 104 (27.12.2021): 59–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/pytlit2021.104.059.
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The study refutes the idea that existed in the minds of some Shevchenko era’s cultural figures, about Taras Shevchenko’s lack of education and poor literacy. For this purpose, the history of the poet’s reading interests evolution in the most difficult period of his life, the period of exile (1847–1857) was analyzed. His own direct testimonies (epistolary, diary, memoirs of relatives and acquaintances, etc.) were involved in the analysis. The study clarified how the disgraced artist’s previous habit of reading and the need to do it was established. The main focus was on Shevchenko’s reading behavior in the Orsk Fortress and in the Aral Expedition, in the Novopetrovsk Fortress. It relates to the active search, selection and perception of books, and even to special communication establishing. The study traces persons, who valued such poet’s behavior and stimulated it, also how functional Shevchenko’s current reading turned out to be at that period. Its composition was outlined as Russian, Ukrainian and Polish books, mainly in the field of fiction literature and literary criticism, as well as works on history, culturology, ethnology, natural and other fields of knowledge. Only due to reading and to his own artistic work the artist's spirit was saved from psychological exhaustion. Reading contributed to the intellectualization of his work. Shevchenko as a reader completely realized himself in exile considering special circumstances (loneliness, forced self-centeredness), his reading for the first time was not episodic, but complete, sometimes the leading form of the poet’s creative activity.
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Bayanova, Alexandra T., i Rimma R. Sibgatullina. "Материалы о калмыках из фонда 10 «Казанская духовная академия» в Государственном архиве Республики Татарстан". Монголоведение (Монгол судлал) 12, nr 1 (31.07.2020): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2020-1-90-104.
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Goals. The article seeks to examine understudied materials related to missionary activities of Kazan Theological Academy’s graduates. To facilitate this, the paper analyzes archival sources about Kalmyks contained in Collection 10 of Tatarstan State Archive and characterizes some documents. Materials. The study discovers quite a number of manuscript papers included in catalogues 1, 2, 5 and 7 of Collection 10. Moreover, catalogues 5 and 7 happen to contain some significant Clear Script (Old Kalmyk-language) documents that should be investigated additionally. Results. The work introduces into scientific discourse a set of documents dealing with Kalmyks, and shows that materials of Collection 10 (Tatarstan State Archive) may serve as precious and informative sources to shed light on actual forms and means of preserving written monuments, ethnic culture, and folklore tradition of the Kalmyk people, constituting a wide multi-disciplinary research field (philology, history, ethnology, etc.).
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Sallum, Marianne, Hyrma Ioris, Carolina Guedes i Francisco Silva Noelli. "“CARINHOSAS CONSERVADORAS” DE SABERES ANCESTRAIS: O TESTEMUNHO DE HERTA LÖELL SCHEUER COMO EXEMPLO DE ARQUEOLOGIA DA ESCUTA SOBRE AS PRÁTICAS DAS MULHERES CERAMISTAS DE SÃO PAULO E DO PARANÁ". Revista Noctua II, nr 8 (2023): 73–157. http://dx.doi.org/10.26892/noctua.v2i8p73-157.
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The remarkable collection of Herta Scheuer was donated to the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology of the Federal University of Paraná, gathering a unique collection of ceramic vessels produced by women in the states of São Paulo and Paraná in the 20th century. It demonstrates communities of practice that persist today with sociabilities and aesthetics dedicated to circulating memories and knowledge among generations. With an approach based on active listening and meticulous observation, thoroughly described in her publications, field notebooks, drawings, and photographs, Herta produced an invaluable record for understanding the future of the past of descendant communities—Indigenous, Afro-descendant, AfroIndigenous, and others with traditional knowledge—and for the recognition of the “work” of their ancestral women. This collection is presented here as a memory database of practices, both for academic research and for communities interested in recovering knowledge that their ancestors bequeathed in some way.
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Rudenko, Valerii, i Viktoriia Bilous. "PROFESSOR ALEXANDER ZUPAN (1847-1920): LIFE AND WORK IN GEOGRAPHY". GEOGRAPHY AND TOURISM, nr 64 (2021): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2308-135x.2021.64.78-86.
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Purpose. Analysis of the scientific achievements of scientists-geographers who have left a significant mark in the development of domestic and world scientific thought, due to the need to determine its historical formation and identify future vectors of development. That is why the purpose of our article is to present the results of the study of the scientific heritage of Professor Alexander Zupan, as an outstanding scientist in the field of geography. Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of an analysis of available literature sources on this topic, as well as the works of scientists in the field of geography and partly in the field of history. In particular, the article used such methods of geographical research as analysis, historical and literary. Results. The article highlights the life of Alexander Zupan - a famous geographer of the Austrian period, who worked not only in Austria, Germany, Slovenia but also in Ukraine, namely in Chernivtsi. During his life, Alexander Zupan went from teacher to professor, making a significant contribution to the development of physical, social and political geography, climatology, as well as the development of school geographical education. In total, his scientific achievements include more than 30 works. Much of the work has been republished several times. The scientific works "Fundamentals of Physical Geography", "Textbook of Geography on the Principles of Modern Science for Austrian Secondary Schools", "Wind Statistics in the Lower Troposphere" and others deserve special attention. For his scientific contribution he was awarded the scientific prize of the German Academy of Naturalists "Leopoldin" "Medal of Kotenius". The main scientific ideas of the scientist date back to the period of work as the editor of the famous geographical journal "Petermanns Mitteilungen". But it is also worth noting that it was Zupan who introduced branch geographical courses in physical geography, orography, geographical morphology, climatology, oceanology, ethnology, regional courses in European geography, and others at Chernivtsi University. Scientific novelty. For the first time in Ukraine, we conducted a detailed analysis of the scientific heritage and life of Professor Oleksandr Zupan, because his figure is little studied in Ukrainian geographical science. The рractical significance. Analysis of the scientific achievements of geographers allows to deepen knowledge of the theory of Ukrainian geography and assess their contribution to the development of important areas of geographical science. Knowledge of Alexander Zupan's scientific work is important from the point of view of using his main ideas in modern theoretical and scientific-practical research.
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Arzyutov, Dmitry, i Karina Lukin. "Introduction to Entangled Indigenous Historicities from the Eurasian North". Suomen Antropologi: Journal of the Finnish Anthropological Society 47, nr 3 (8.10.2023): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30676/jfas.129189.
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The present collection examines the ways Indigenous peoples across the Eurasian North—Sámi, Nenets, Khanty, and Tyva—deal with the past and how their conceptualizations of the past are entangled with dominant ideologies in Russia and Finland, human-environment relations, and the colonial experiences they went through. The authors operate with the notion of historicity, which is understood in François Hartog’s terms as a 'temporal experience'. In the present collection, we expand this notion towards a relational nature of 'temporal experiences' where 'their' and 'our' historicities are not necessarily 'the same' or culturally determined but have been situated in long-term peaceful and conflictual encounters. Through those encounters, the diversity of meanings of the past has been shaped and developed within and between local communities and communities of scholars. The collection comprises the work of scholars from Folklore studies, Ethnology, Cultural studies, and History, who analyse Indigenous historicities through deep archival and field research.
Keywords: historicities, ethnohistory, Indigenous peoples, Eurasian North
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Tsygankova, Anastasia S. "MALICIOUS MAGIC WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF KUPALA RITES OF THE COUNTRYFOLK OF THE VITEBSK-PSKOV BORDERLANDS". Folklore: structure, typology, semiotics 4, nr 4 (2021): 91–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2658-5294-2021-4-4-91-111.
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In contemporary East Slavic ethnology (ethnography, folklore, ethnolinguistics), the study of the folk calendar still occupies an important place. This article, based on field, archival and published ethnographic materials, analyses the phenomenon of harmful magic in the period of Ivan Kupala in the traditional culture of the countryfolk of the Vitebsk-Pskov borderlands. The functional pragmatics of witchcraft and its features are revealed, the techniques of apotropaic magic are analysed. The material for the work was a set of descriptions of the rite and folklore texts recorded on the territory of the borderlands in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. The analysis of folklore and field materials allows us to characterise the functional pragmatics of harmful magic, its gender specificity, as well as take into account the peculiarities of witchcraft in the conditions of modern developed communication. The purpose of the study is to identify the specifics of magical practices dedicated to the day of Ivan Kupala, in the area of the Belarusian-Russian (Vitebsk-Pskov) ethno-cultural border. The transboundary status of the region (borders on Russia, Lithuania and Latvia), makes the study of Kupala rituals seem to be even more relevant.
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Dovhalyuk, Iryna, i Lina Dobryanska. "Ethnomusicology of Ukraine at The Turn of XX–XXI Centuries (1991–2021):Centers, Pedagogy, Documentation". Problems of music ethnology 16 (29.12.2021): 5–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31318/2522-4212.2021.16.249638.
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The restoration of Ukraine’s independence in 1991 created favorable conditions for the powerful development of domestic ethnomusicology. Ukrainian musical folklore research has a long tradition, but for a hundred years the research has been conducted in difficult historical and political realities. This did not contribute to the proper development of folk music research, especially in the Soviet period. The period 1991–2021 is quite interesting, although difficult and ambiguous. The revival of Ukrainian ethnomusicology began in the early 1990s. Unfortunately, not all initiatives have been continued. Many initiatives had to be stopped due to financial difficulties, political circumstances, lack of sufficient specialists and so on.
This article was inspired by the need to summarize everything that has been done in Ukrainian musical folklore over the past 30 years, to consider the achievements of Ukrainian ethnomusicology in 1991–2021. Previously, there was no general research on this topic, because various Ukrainian scientists have written about certain aspects of ethnomusicological work and about different time periods in the history of musical folkloristics of the period of independence. The research will be published in two parts: in this issue of the yearbook the main Ukrainian ethnomusicological centers will be presented, the state of domestic ethno-pedagogy will be discussed, documentation (field and archival) of folk music will be considered. The next issue will analyze the scientific, publishing, conference, promotional activities of Ukrainian researchers of folk music.
Kyiv and Lviv have been the main Ukrainian centers for the study of folk music since the early twentieth century. The same is true today: the basic Ukrainian ethnomusical centers are the Rylsky Institute of Art Studies, Folklore and Ethnology (IAFE) of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, the Tchaikovsky National Academy of Music of Ukraine and the Lysenko Lviv National Academy of Music. Research Scientific Laboratory of Music Ethnology and Departments of musical folklore were opened in both Academies in the early 1990s. Well-known scientists, doctors of science and PhD, and their junior colleagues work in these centers. Publishing activity is developing: encyclopedias, monographs, folklore collections, collections of articles, periodicals are published. Kyiv and Lviv higher music institutions publish the only in Ukraine purely ethnomusicological yearbooks of scientific articles and materials – «Problems of music ethnology» and «Ethnomusic». Regional ethnomusicological centers operate in many cities of Ukraine – Kharkiv, Odessa, Dnipro, Sumy, Rivne, Uzhgorod, etc.
During the period of Independence, ethnomusicological education was actively developing. The two main areas are the education of ethnomusicologists-theorists and ethnomusicologists-practitioners, leaders of folklore ensembles. The first ones are prepared mainly by Kyiv and Lviv Music academies, where various specialized disciplines are taught. The second is taught in higher educational institutions of Kyiv, Kharkiv, Rivne, Sumy.
An important area of activity of almost all Ukrainian ethnomusicological centers in the period of Independence was the documentation of folk music: the collection of musical folklore, transcription and archiving. Folk music was most actively collected in the early 1990s, but over time this work has slowed down, in part because authentic tradition is dying out and living in the passive memory of performers. Today the largest archives of folk music are in IAFE and Kyiv and Lviv Music academies. Archival collections are actively digitized, some materials can be found on the Internet – both on special sites-archives of folk music, and YouTube channels, which usually refer to the different ethnomusical centers. The main prospect of Ukrainian archivists engaged in musical folklore is the creation of the Central Electronic Archive of Ukrainian Folklore
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Malinov, A. V. "Final «Historical Letters» by V.I. Lamansky (preface to the publication)". Solov’evskie issledovaniya, nr 4 (28.12.2023): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.17588/2076-9210.2023.4.097-105.
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The article introduces the publication of the fragments of the sixth “Historical Letter on the Attitude of the Russian People to their Tribesmen” and the conclusion prepared by Vladimir Ivanovich Lamansky, a Slavophile and professor at St. Petersburg University. It is noted that other works of the scientist, on which he worked in the following years, remained unfinished. The facts allowing to indicate the date of writing the “Historical Letters” are given: 1859–1862, work interrupted by Lamansky's trip abroad (1862–1864). It is suggested that the “Historical Letters” were a continuation of the research direction outlined by Lamansky in his master's thesis “On the Slavs in Asia Minor, Africa and Spain” (1859), i.e. they were the result of his archival and desk work. The trip to the Slavic lands enriched the scholar with real knowledge of the Slavic peoples, their history and current situation, which made many of the arguments in the “Historical Letters” irrelevant. There are two subjects that Lamansky touched upon in his “last” letters, and which were further developed in his research and work. Firstly, these are the works in the field of national ethnography: his long-term leadership of the ethnographic department of the Russian Geographical Society, the organisation of the Slavic Congress and the Ethnographic Exhibition in 1867, the publication of the ethnographic journal “Zhivaya starina” (1890), the project of the of the ethnographic department of the Russian Museum (1899). Lamansky's statements on ethnography as fatherland studies or ethnology are presented, revealing his understanding of ethnographic science. Secondly, this is a historiosophical interpretation of the Oriental Question, considering it as an episode of interaction between two civilisations: the Greco-Slavic and the Romano-Germanic. The incompleteness of the “Historical Letters” is pointed out, which is reflected in the gaps in their publication.
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Novogrodsky, Tadeush A. "Review of the monograph: Kvilinkova E.N. Gagauz people in Moldova and Belarus: facets of identity and a strategy of self-preservation (Minsk, 2023. 383 p.)". Historical Ethnology 8, nr 2 (24.10.2023): 296–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/he.2023-8-2.296-301.
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The review provides a detailed and thorough analysis of the work of Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Elizaveta Nikolaevna Kvilinkova, dedicated to the Gagauz of Belarus and Moldova. The monograph was written on the basis of various sources and, primarily, the materials from field ethnographic studies conducted using the participant observation method among representatives of the Gagauz community. It is emphasized that the author used a new scientific approach, which made it possible to obtain original results. Elizaveta Kvilnikova studied the Gagauz using methods and approaches typical for such scientific disciplines as ethnology, ethnosociology and ethnopolitical science. She notes that among the Turkic peoples, the Gagauz have long held a unique place. The basis of their ethno-cultural code is Orthodoxy and Turkic background. According to E.N. Kvilinkova, the difficult position of Gagauzia in choosing its cultural and civilizational landmarks lies in the fact that the Balkan identity does not fit into the modern “strategy” of self-preservation of the Gagauz people and is in conflict with their dominant Turkic identity at this stage, with the eastern / Turkish vector of the foreign policy development strategy.
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Harjanto, Feri Catur. "TARI KIPAS ASRI". Imaji 17, nr 1 (27.06.2019): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/imaji.v17i1.25735.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan agar 1) masyarakat mengenal Angguk Kipas 2) agar angguk kipas menjadi lebih menarik 3) agar Tari Kipas asri bisa menjadi bahan ajar di sekolah 4) agar Tari kipas asri mampu menjadi magnet generasi muda untuk berkarya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah etnokoreologi, yaitu Etnokoreologi itu sendiri merupakan istilah yang masih sangat muda. Di Amerika istilah ini identik dengan dance ethnology. Sebelum ada istilah etnokoreologi, pertama-tama muncul istilah ethnochoreography atau etnokoreografi di awal tahun 1960-an. Hasil penelitian adalah Proses penciptaan karya tari Kipas Asri tentu mengalami berbagai permasalahan dan kendala yang dihadapi. Terkadang sesuatu yang telah direncanakan faktanya berbeda ketika berada di lapangan, salah satu contoh seperti kesepakatan jadwal latihan dengan pemusik, mengatur jadwal dengan pemusik tidak semudah yang direncanakan karena pemusik memiliki jadwal lain yang sama dengan jadwal latihan karya tari Kipas Aari. Banyak hal yang dialami dalam realisasi proses penciptaan yang justru lebih banyak mengajarkan tentang proses kerja kelompok dalam mencipta sebuah karya tari seperti mengatur emosi ketika para penari atau pemusik sedang bercanda gurau, atau terlambat saat datang latihan. Kata Kunci: Tari kipas asri, penciptaan, etnokoerologi KIPAS ARI DANCEThis study aims to 1) let people know Angguk Kipas 2) make Angguk Kipas more attractive 3) make Asri Fan Dance be one of the teaching material in school 4) make Asri Fan Dance become a magnet for young generations to perform. The research method used is ethochoreology, which it itself is a new term. In America this term is synonymous with dance ethnology. Before the term ethnocoreology, the term ethnochoreography or ethnocoreography first appeared in the early 1960s. The results of the study show that there are obstacles in the creation process of Kipas Asri dance. Sometimes, something that has been planned turned to be different when in the field, one of the examples is the agreement on a training schedule with musicians, arranging a schedule with musicians is not as easy as it seemed because musicians have other schedules that are similar to the Kipas Aari dance practice’s schedule. Many things are experienced in the realization of the creation process which actually teaches more about group work in creating a dance work such as controlling emotions when dancers or musicians are joking or late when coming to practice. Keywords: Kipas Ari dance, creation, ethnokoerology
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Dalkavoukis, Vasilis, i Paraskevas Potiropoulos. "Experiencing Theory, Theorizing Methodology: Teaching Anthropology through Short-Time Ethnographic Fieldwork Projects in Multi-Disciplinary Academic Contexts". Teaching Anthropology 10, nr 2 (16.02.2022): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22582/ta.v10i2.506.
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Often enough, Anthropology seems as an ‘abstract’ discipline, especially when students of other social sciences or humanities try to get acquainted with its theory, methodology or the main anthropological discussion in general. Under these specific conditions, ‘teaching Anthropology’ becomes a task of high difficulty without a simultaneous ethnographic practice in the ‘field’. It is this specific ‘rite de passage’ which makes students under training in Anthropology seek theoretical schemas and methodological tools in order to ‘experience’ theory and ‘theorize’ methodology. In this paper we present ethnographic material collected from various teaching contexts where Anthropology is neither the main academic background nor the stated educational outcome for students taking the courses. In these courses, anthropological knowledge comes to the surface through an empirical engagement with ethnographic practice as an applied theory in a research project. This connection between theory and practice brings Anthropology to the foreground, since it engages students with both - the procedure of “doing field work” (something substantial for Anthropology) and their own social experience within this process. The ethnographic material for this reflective approach derives from various academic contexts where we have experienced the emergence of this type of learning. This includes ethnographic and anthropological courses (undergraduate or postgraduate) at the Department of History and Ethnology in Democritus University of Thrace Greece, and field trips including ethnographic exercise for the students and the Konitsa Summer School for Anthropology, Ethnography and Comparative Folklore of the Balkans, organized by the Border Crossings Network in collaboration with the University of Ioannina and the Municipality of Konitsa, Greece, at the Greek-Albanian border.
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Sikorski, Tomasz. "Włodzimierz Kulczycki (1862–1936) – przedstawiciel elity naukowej Akademii Medycyny Weterynaryjnej we Lwowie". Polish Biographical Studies 11, nr 1 (2023): 7–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/pbs.2023.01.
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Vladimir Kulchytsky (1852–1936), was one of the leading representatives of the scientific elite of the city of Lviv. He was a veterinarian, zoologist, an outstanding mammalian anatomist, professor, pro-rector and rector of the Academy of Veterinary Medicine in Lviv. He did his studies in natural sciences in Vienna, then in Lviv. He also received a diploma in veterinary medicine. From 1882 to 1934 he worked at the Lviv Academy of Veterinary Medicine, first as an assistant, then as a lecturer, and from 1906 as a professor, head of the Department (Department) of Descriptive Anatomy, Topography, Histology and Embryology (later, after changes, the Department of Comparative Anatomy). He also worked as a veterinarian at the Lviv Horse Tram Society, as a city veterinarian and as a veterinarian for the control of cattle and meat on the Lviv railroads. Prof. Kulchytsky’s scientific output includes about 60 publications (compact works, studies and scientific articles, discussions, reviews, etc.). The area of research and scientific interests of V. Kulchytsky was extremely wide and at the same time diverse. He became famous as an outstanding mammalian anatomist and zoologist, creator of anatomical preparations (continuing the work of Prof. Henryk Kadye). He conducted research work on avian anatomy and physiology, the anatomy and etiology of cattle and horse diseases. He was also involved in parasitology, hippiatry, conducted interdisciplinary studies on the borderline between ethnography and ethnology, was interested in climatology and demography of the countries of the Orient and Central Asia, Indian studies and deep-sea fauna of the oceans. He skillfully combined his collecting passion for carpentry (1906–1936) with orientalist research, becoming an undisputed authority in this field, while amassing the largest collection of old oriental textiles on Polish soil. In 1934, he received an honorary doctorate from the Academy of Veterinary Medicine in Lviv for his outstanding achievements in the field of science and his attitude during the occupation of Lviv by Russia (1914–1915).
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Ekaterina K., Reva. "Features of Ethno-Journalism as an Educational Discipline within the Framework of Journalistic Education in Modern Russia". Scholarly Notes of Transbaikal State University 17, nr 4 (listopad 2022): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/2658-7114-2022-17-4-66-72.
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The study of the specifics of the ethnopolitical component in journalistic education is relevant due to a number of factors. Firstly, the current year has shown even greater importance of the media as a social institution in preserving the integrity of the state, its multicultural and ethno-confessional basis. Secondly, the media are one of the main means of disseminating knowledge about the history and ethnoculture of the peoples of the Russian Federation, form ethnographic literacy of the population, and contribute to civic identity and patriotism. Thirdly, the information support of the state national policy of Russia is one of the directions of the Strategy of the State National Policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025, the main document of strategic planning that determines the nation of Russia. In this regard, the article emphasizes the importance of the discipline “Ethno-Journalism” in the main educational program in the direction of 42.03.02 Journalism. The purpose of the study is to identify and systematize educational practices in the field of ethnopolitics used in the educational process of student journalists to determine the dominant pedagogical approaches in preparing students to work with ethnic issues. The empirical basis of the study has become the working programs of the disciplines “Journalism in ethnocultural interaction”, “Journalism in ethnocultural space”, “Ethnocultural problems in the media”, the teaching of which is carried out at the Altai State University, Kazan Federal University, St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, Penza State University. Based on the method of studying pedagogical experience and qualitative analysis of work programs, the approaches of the work programs’ developers in choosing topics to ensure the effective interaction of ethnological, ethnopolitological and journalistic components in the training of student journalists to work with ethnic issues have been systematized. Students are invited to study fundamental topics from the field of ethnology, introduce ethnopsychology in the terminology in the context of the profession of a journalist, and give an idea of cultural processes and phenomena. The topic is promising for further research aimed at determining the quality of education of student journalists in the field of ethno-journalism, determining their orientation in ethno-political processes and phenomena, ethno-cultural specifics of the peoples of the Russian Federation. It is also possible to study the literature disciplines recommended in work programs. Keywords: ethno-journalism, educational practices, ethno-political education of journalists, multicultural education, ethnocultural education
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Melnyk, Oleksandr V., Volodymyr V. Trofymovych i Liliia V. Trofymovych. "The Work of Mykola Kovalskyi at the Lviv Museum of Ethnography and Art Crafts (1959–1963)". Universum Historiae et Archeologiae 2, nr 1 (1.01.2020): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/26190103.
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The purpose of the article is to highlight the period of scientific, educational, organizational activity of the famous Ukrainian historian, the founder of the modern source studies scientific school of Ukraine — Mykola Kovalskyi at the Museum of Ethnography and Art Crafts, where he worked in the late 1950s — in the first third of the 1960s. Research methods: chronological, diachronic, classification, historical-genetic, comparative-historical. The main results: the article describes the excursion, exhibition, stock, popularization and other forms of museum work that M. Kovalskyi conducted at this time; also we can reproduce the intellectual environment at the museum through the prism of his memories; the activity of the scientist on the post of the head of the Department of Ethnography, which he occupied from the second half of 1961 to the middle of 1963, was highlighted, when he drew attention to such areas of work as reorganization of the exposition, expeditions, preparation and writing of collective monographs, concerned about the issue of scientific production, participation staff in forums, seminars, conferences, as well as staffing the department; the directions of scientific researches related to such topics as farm tools of Ukrainian peasants of the second half of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries were analyzed the culture and life of miners of the Lviv-Volyn coal basin; the methods of conducting a researcher of search work are revealed, which testified to the special attention to the collection of field materials and questionnaires; it is determined that during the period of work at the museum M. Kovalskyi began to develop such forms of scientific-organizational activity, which were aimed at conducting field conferences, which promoted the popularization of the best examples of Ukrainian folk art, household items, artistic crafts (for the participants were read reports about Ukrainian artistic fabrics, the use of elements of cut and folk embroidery in the clothes, thematic exhibitions were held); it is shown how contacts with foreign ethnographic institutions, in particular with the Institute of Ethnography of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, developed. Summary conclusions: scientific, excursion, stock and popularization work in the field of ethnography and artistic crafts have considerably expanded the scientific horizons of the young scientist, gave him the opportunity to join the unique experience and traditions of the school of Lviv ethnographers. Practical value: the basic provisions and factual material can be used for research on the history of Ukrainian ethnographic science, the preparation of guides and the coverage of the history of the Museum of Ethnography and Art Crafts of the Ethnology Institute National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Originality: the museum activity of M. Kovalskyi was covered against the backdrop of the Museum of Ethnography and Art Crafts in the late 1950s — in the first third of the 1960s. Scientific novelty: for the first time an attempt was made to study the activity of M. Kovalskyi at the Museum of Ethnography and Art Crafts in 1959 – 1963. Type of article: scientific.
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А.Х., ХАДИКОВА,. "ETHNOPHORE: HISTORICAL AND ETHNOGRAPHIC ASPECT OF THE STUDY (BASED ON THE STUDY OF THE PHENOMENON OF ETHNICITY OF THE DIVIDED OSENTINSKY ETHNOS)". Известия СОИГСИ, nr 46(85) (19.12.2022): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.46698/vnc.2022.85.46.009.
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В статье предпринимается попытка выявления историко-этнографической сущности междисциплинарного понятия «этнофор», его конкретного этнокультурного содержания, понятийной системности в области исторических дисциплин, уточняются границы предметного поля этнологии в отношении изучения этнофора как основного репрезентанта этноса. Изыскание основано на результатах многолетних исследований автора в области этничности разделенного осетинского этноса и предваряет намерение конкретного историко-этнографического /антропологического анализа осетинского «этнофорства», предполагаемого к осуществлению в ретроспективном плане: от архаики до современного состояния. В изыскании указаны источники, соответствующие определенным хронологическим периодам и указывается, что исследовать мир современного этнофора планируется посредством интерпретации результата опроса студенческой молодежи, осуществленного в 2021-22 гг., а также прицельного анализа интернет-пространства, блогосферы Северной Осетии. Частично эти данные содержатся в статье, но в целом она носит постановочный характер. На этом этапе работы обобщаются концептуальные взгляды, предлагаются наиболее эффективные исследовательские стратегии изучения характерных закономерностей формирования свойств этнофора и версии их актуализации в контексте социальной и исторической изменчивости этноса. Основываясь на опыте обобщения осетинского этнографического материала, автор предлагает исследовательские планы изучения этнофорства, а также сосредотачивает внимание на институциях, проецирующих субъектный аспект этнокультурной преемственности, этнической идентичности. В исследовании уточняются и проблемы изучения этнофора в перспективе актуальных потребностей установления более широких идентификационных маркеров («россияне»). Проблематика этнофора рассматривается также в контексте исследовательской парадигмы современной этнологии, точнее объединения ее основных концептуальных платформ. The article attempts to identify the historical and ethnographic essence of the interdisciplinary concept of "ethnophore", its specific ethno-cultural content, conceptual consistency in the field of historical disciplines, clarifies the boundaries of the subject field of ethnology in relation to the study of the ethnophore as the main representative of the ethnos. The research is based on the results of the author's long-term research in the field of the ethnicity of the divided Ossetian ethnos and anticipates the intention of a specific historical- ethnographic /anthropological analysis of the Ossetian "ethnophore", intended to be implemented in retrospect: from archaic to modern state. The survey identifies sources corresponding to certain chronological periods, while it is planned to explore the world of modern ethnophore by interpreting the results of a survey of student youth conducted in 2021-22, as well as a targeted analysis of the Internet space, the blogosphere of North Ossetia. Partially, these data are contained in this article, but on the whole it is staged. At this stage of the work, conceptual views are summarized, the most effective research strategies for studying the characteristic patterns of the formation of the properties of the ethnophore and versions of their actualization in the context of the social and historical variability of the ethnos are proposed. Based on the experience of generalizing Ossetian ethnographic material, the author offers research plans for the study of ethnoforstvo, and also focuses on institutions projecting the subjective aspect of ethnocultural continuity, ethnic identity. But the study also clarifies the problems of studying the ethnophore in the perspective of the actual needs of establishing broader identification markers ("Russians"). The problems of ethnophore are also considered in the context of the research paradigm of modern ethnology, more precisely, the unification of its main conceptual platforms.
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Topolinjska, Zuzana. "Are we witnessing a renesance of the dialectology?" Juznoslovenski filolog, nr 70 (2014): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jfi1470009t.
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Slavistics is a relatively young linguistic discipline. Its beginnings, in the period of domination of the historical linguistics, are characterized with the rapid development of the ?classical? dialectology, which means field-work in the domain of comparative phonetics and inflection leading to the defining of the kinship relations in the Slavic group of the IndoEuropean languages. Only after the First World War observe a shift to the synchronic linguistics with the focus on the functional analysis of standard Slavic languages. In the period between the two World Wars in the Northern Slavic countries dialectology is not a part of the university program, while in the South it has more pertinent position. The dominant analytical studies follow the line: form > function > meaning, and concentrate mainly on the grammatical and not on the lexical language structure. In the period after the Second World War multiply theories starting with the sense analysis. It is in the framework of these theories and in connection with the trend to interdisciplinary ?human-studies? in historical anthropology, ethnology, psychology, history of the material and spiritual culture that the dialectology is rediscovered as a rich source of new information. Macedonian dialects, which for a long period evolved without the pressure of a standard norm are especially interesting from that point of view.
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Martynova, E. P. "Трансформации обско-угорского поля: от традиционности к современным вызовам Transformations of the Ob-Ugric Field: From Traditionalism to Current Challenges". Вестник антропологии (Herald of Anthropology), nr 2023 №1 (6.03.2023): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33876/2311-0546/2023-1/19-30.
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Автор статьи на протяжении многих лет изучала обско‑угорские народы и проводила полевые исследования среди хантов и манси. В работе предпринята попытка проанализировать изменения, которые произошли в обскоугорском поле и методах полевой работы в постсоветский период. В русле позитивистского подхода советские этнографы стремились погрузиться в культуру изучаемых народов, найти в поле уникальные и архаические особенности хозяйства, культуры, социальной организации, религиозных представлений хантов и манси. Поэтому длительное время обско‑угорское поле было сельским, а работали этнографы преимущественно со стариками. В начале 1990‑х годов этнология в целом, и полевая работа в частности, переориентировалась на отражение новых реалий социально‑экономического развития аборигенов и политической активности этнических лидеров. Полевые материалы позволяли исследователям увидеть проблемы и нужды изучаемых сообществ, обсуждать их и предлагать возможные пути для дальнейшего развития. Поле расширило свои границы за счет включения в объекты исследования районных центов, городских пространств, офисов промышленных компаний, кабинетов руководителей. Выросла целая плеяда исследователей из представителей самих северных народов, для которых поле было «домашним», свои научные работы они основывали на взгляде «изнутри». The author has studied the Ob‑Ugrians peoples (Khanty and Mansi) for many years and has conducted field research among them. The article attempts to analyze the changes that have taken place in the Ob‑Ugric field and approaches to fieldwork in the post‑Soviet period. In line with the positivist approach Soviet ethnographers sought to immerse themselves in the culture of the peoples under study, to find in the field unique and archaic features of the economy, culture, social organization and religious representations of Khanty and Mansi. Therefore, for a long time the Ob‑Ugric field was rural and ethnographers worked mainly with elderly people. In the early 1990s, ethnology as a whole and fieldwork in particular was reoriented towards reflecting new realities: the socio‑economic development of indigenous people and the political activity of ethnic leaders. Fieldwork allowed researchers to see the problems and needs of the communities under study, to discuss them, and to suggest possible ways for further development. The field expanded to include neighborhood centers, urban spaces, industrial company offices, and executive offices. A whole pleiad of researchers grew up from the Northern peoples themselves, for whom the field was “domestic” and who based their work on an “insider’s view”.
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O´Dell, Tom. "What’s the Use of Culture?" Culture Unbound 1, nr 1 (11.06.2009): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/cu.2000.1525.091315.
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Like it or not, cultural theorists are increasingly finding themselves challenged to answer a very short but profound question: What’s the use of cultural research? Within the academy the question of the usefulness of cultural research has provoked a wide array of responses, ranging from feelings of resentment or the fear of losing one’s intellectual freedom to those of approval (often reinforced by a sense that one can in some way help society, or those less empowered) – and an endless number of positions in between. This article places the question of the usefulness of cultural research in relation to issues of the historical and cultural context in which it has appeared over the better part of the past century. Its point of departure rises from the author’s own academic background in American cultural anthropology and Swedish ethnology, as well as the work the author has conducted on tourism and the experience economy in Sweden.
The article begins by briefly discussing the different roles applied anthropology has previously played in both Britain and the United States. This section emphasizes a need to understand the question of “usefulness” as being contextually bound. The text then moves on to consider the role culture is playing in contemporary economic life (exemplified here by the field of tourism) and to reflect upon some of the consequences the cultural economy is having in everyday life. Following this the text concludes with a section focusing upon the research challenges and needs coming from the tourism industry. This final section of the paper works to both illuminate and problematize the need which exists at present for the development of different forms of cultural research.
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TARNAVSKYI, Roman. "Scientific Societies of Students Specialized in Folk Studies at Lviv University in the First Half of the 20th Century: Features of Organizational Principles and Activities". Наукові зошити історичного факультету Львівського університету / Proceedings of History Faculty of Lviv University, nr 23 (8.06.2022): 341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/fhi.2022.22-23.3626.
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The peculiarities of organizational bases of scientific work of students specialized in folk studies at Lviv University at different stages of its history (as the Emperor Franz I Imperial-Royal University of Lviv (before 1918), as Jan Casimir University of Lviv (1919–1939) and as Ivan Franko State University of Lviv) are characterized. Particular attention is paid to the forms of activity of student scientific societies. As a result of the study, it was stated that one of the important components of the organization of folk studies at Lviv University were student scientific societies, organized directly on the initiative of students interested in various fields of folk studies. One of the first such societies – the Ethnographic Circle – emerged at the Geographical Institute of the Emperor Franz I Imperial-Royal University of Lviv. The Circle of Students of Anthropological Sciences of the Jan Casimir University of Lviv have been active since the late 1920s. It differed from similar student societies in other universities in its efforts to develop links between anthropology, ethnology, and prehistory. The society also taxed the connections of these sciences with related branches of scientific knowledge – the history of law, sociology, etc. This direction contributed to the search for new methodological approaches to solving c problems of folk studies. The activities of the Circle of Anthropological Sciences were supported (in particular, financially) at the level of the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Poland, the leadership of Lviv University and its professors Jan Czekanowski, Adam Fischer, Leon Kozłowski, associate professors and doctors. This activity contributed to the improvement of professional training of future scientists, and at that time – students. Scientific work, organized within the framework of student scientific societies, was also developed at Ivan Franko State University of Lviv. In particular, in the first postwar years a Circle of Folklore and Ethnography was organized, Mykhailo Skoryk took care of this society. One of the important components of the society’s activity was the organization of field trips of students in order to record folklore and ethnographic materials.
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Goncharov, Oleksandr. "From the Cohort of Organizers of the Ethnographic and Local History Movement: Academician Andrii Loboda". Ethnic History of European Nations, nr 70 (2023): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2518-1270.2023.70.02.
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The article highlights the scientific and organizational activities of an outstanding scientist, an academician of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (UAS) (since 1921, the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (UAS), a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, a professor at Kyiv University, an organizer of the national science, folk and local studies movement, a specialist in the fields of ethnography, folkloristics, local history and literature of Andrii Myrofanovych Loboda (1871–1931). Some program works of A. Loboda are analyzed, attention is focused on the scientist’s interpretation of the subject of local history, substantiation of its role in the development of various branches of science, the place of the folklore-ethnographic component in local history, and the formulation of tasks faced by ethnologists of the republic. A. Loboda’s significant contribution to the formation of an organized local history movement in the 20s of the XX century is emphasized: insisting on the need to accelerate the development of the local history movement in Ukraine, leading the activities of the Local History Commission (Kyiv Local History Commission) and the Ethnographic Commission of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, which became one of the most important folklore and ethnographic centers of Ukraine and played an important role in the development of Ukrainian ethnology. Emphasis is placed on the official publications of the commissions. In addition to highlighting the great scientific organizational, editorial and pedagogical work carried out by A. Loboda at the beginning and in the 20s of the 20th century, the directions of his scientific research during this period are also outlined: new phenomena in folklore and folk life, continuation of research with history of national folkloristics and ethnography, close monitoring of folklore and ethnographic processes not only in Ukraine, but also in other republics of the USSR, prompt response to important publications in the field of folklore and ethnography. The author of the article provides suggestions on the possible use of certain aspects of the experience of those years in modern conditions.