Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Ethical development”
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Franey, John. "Ethical mindfulness and professional development in local education authority psychology services". Educational and Child Psychology 19, nr 1 (2002): 46–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.2002.19.1.46.
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AbstractThis article takes as its focus the place of ethics within the profession of educational psychology. It argues that ethics within educational psychology is very much an embryonic field of inquiry, even though in their distinctive ways, ethics and educational psychology have much in common as critiques of human behaviour. Generic “at risk” situations which may lead to ethical complications are identified – unforeseen dilemmas, inadequate anticipation, unavoidable dilemmas, unclear dilemmas, inadequate sources of guidance and loyalty clashes. Drawing upon the literature and professional experiences it is then suggested that there are common ethically troubling issues and situations which educational psychologists have to confront – confidentiality, questionable interventions, competence, testing and assessment, resource allocation, collusive practice, conduct of colleagues and provision. Ways and means to promote greater ethical mindfulness among individual educational psychologists (EPs) and within local education authority (LEA) psychology services are suggested. These include planned continuing professional development (CPD) which takes as its foci the importance of ethical insight, ethical principles and ethical decision-making. It is also proposed that psychology services consider a range of organisational arrangements to heighten ethical mindfulness – the formal adoption of professional codes of conduct, ethics education during induction, the establishment of an ethics committee, a charter of users’ rights, the use of an ethical ombudsman and mentors, and the establishment of ethical case conferences along with the elevation of professional supervision to increase the opportunities for conscious consideration of ethical issues.
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Qizilbash, Mozaffar. "Ethical development". World Development 24, nr 7 (lipiec 1996): 1209–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-750x(96)00030-7.
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Pourquie, O., K. Brown i C. Moulton. "Ethical development". Development 141, nr 18 (2.09.2014): 3439–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.115923.
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Mokhov, A. A. "The Council of the President of the Russian Federation on Ethics". Actual Problems of Russian Law 15, nr 12 (30.12.2020): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2020.121.12.023-031.
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The paper is devoted to investigating the main problems caused by the development of ethical regulation in various fields of professional activity. In the opinion of the author, the problem of ethical regulation is particularly acute in the field of science and innovation, which requires the development of such a direction as ethics of high technologies. The ethics development requires: to elaborate common approaches to ethical regulation, ethical responsibility, ethical expertise; to revise, systematise ethics legislation; to prepare scientifically justified ethics recommendations; to respond timely to ethical problems caused by the emergence and implementation of high technologies. In view of the scope of the tasks that need to be solved, the author believes it is necessary to start the elaboration and implementation of the Ethical Concept of the Russian Federation. This work can be carried out by the Presidential Council on Ethics created by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of the same name. According to the author, possible tasks of the Council under the President of the Russian Federation on Ethics, requiring independent discussion, could include: resolution of issues related to the resolution of individual ethical conflicts (e.g., in the field of high technology and other areas where ethical standards are still developing); appeal against holding individual categories of persons ethically responsible (highest ethical authority).
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Nguyen, Lam D., Kuo-Hao Lee, Bahaudin G. Mujtaba i Sorasak Paul Silanont. "Business Ethics Perceptions of Working Adults". International Journal of Asian Business and Information Management 5, nr 2 (kwiecień 2014): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijabim.2014040103.
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Businesses nowadays face urgent demands to act ethically and socially responsibly. Some believe that ethically responsible companies design and use corporate governance that serves all stakeholders' interests to achieve competitive advantage and maintaining ethical behavior is very important through corporate governance. Thus, an ethical business environment is critical and ethical behavior is expected of everyone in the modern workplace. Companies devote many resources and training programs to make sure their employees live according to the high ethical standards. This study used Clark and Clark's (1966) Personal Business Ethics Scores (PBES) measure to examine the relationship between gender, age, management experience, ethics course taken, and ethics training to ethical maturity of Thai working adults. This research surveyed 236 Thai working adults to measure their Personal Business Ethics Scores (PBES). Statistically significant differences were found in the variables of ethics course taken and ethics training. Gender, age, and management experience, however, did not lead to any significant differences. Consequently, Kohlberg's Cognitive Moral Development theory regarding ethical maturity is partly supported since respondents with more ethics education and training have higher business ethics scores than those without ethics education and training. In this study, Thai background and cultural dimension, as well as literature on moral development and ethics, are presented along with practical applications, suggestions and implications for educators, managers, and employees.
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Huff, Chuck. "For ethical reflection, establish a clear technical foundation". Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 17, nr 3 (12.08.2019): 292–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jices-07-2019-0071.
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Purpose This viewpoint aims to highlight the necessarily technical nature of ethics in software development, propose a label (ethical bypassing) for ethical analysis that does not lead to ethical action and introduce a philosophical foundation for technical analysis that leads to ethical software development. Design/methodology/approach The methodological approach is one of technical analysis that is aware of social science and philosophical knowledge bases. Findings The findings establish a clear technical foundation that is crucial to ethical analysis that will actually inform software development. Research limitations/implications The idea that beginning with technical expertise is the best way to begin ethical reflection on a technical implementation has been often suggested, but not really empircally tested. Research using cases or other qualitative approaches would need to be done to add credibility to the claim. Practical implications This approach suggests that collaboration between technically informed ethicists and ethically informed technical experts should begin with the exploration of the technical questions rather than with ethical speculation. Social implications A common approach to ethical education is to concentrate on ethical theory and its application in technical contexts. This approach suggests that this may lead to ethical bypassing by the student, the avoidance of the making technical decisions by extensive ethical reflection. Originality/value This paper introduces a new term, ethical bypassing, to the literature on the ethics of software development.
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Goods, Alfreda. "Future Leaders' Ethical Behavior Development Using Boricua College's Affective Development Model". International Journal of Responsible Leadership and Ethical Decision-Making 4, nr 1 (1.01.2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrledm.315619.
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Business students have witnessed a decline in moral and ethical leadership in organizations, as reported by the media. Even though there has been increased awareness, unethical leadership continues to rise, requiring the need to slow the progression of future business leaders' tendency to be unethical by training them to develop ethical value systems as undergraduates. Although there is much debate about whether business students should receive ethical training, the main issue is its teaching. The researcher in this study explores developing students' affective domain using the Boricua Colleges' Business Administration Differentiation of Personal and Professional Values course. The course focuses on students developing their mental and emotional states by deconstructing the constructs of ethics to develop ethical value systems. The researcher explored this course as a possible link to address what is missing from the Business Administration curriculum to support developing ethical business students in their behaviors and decision-making.
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Garcia-Capilla, Diego José, Alfonso Rubio-Navarro, Maria José Torralba-Madrid i Jane Rutty. "The development of a clinical policy ethics assessment tool". Nursing Ethics 26, nr 7-8 (14.10.2018): 2259–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733018795207.
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Introduction: Clinical policies control several aspects of clinical practice, including individual treatment and care, resource management and healthcare professionals’ etiquette. This article presents Clinical Policy Ethics Assessment Tool, an ethical assessment tool for clinical policies that could be used not only by clinical ethics committees but also by policy committees or other relevant groups. Aim: The aim of this study was to find or create a tool to identify ethical issues and/or confirm ethical validity in nursing practice policies, protocols and guidelines. Methodology: The development of Clinical Policy Ethics Assessment Tool involved first a literature review, followed by modification of the Research Protocol Ethics Assessment Tool, which was created to identify research protocols’ ethical issues, and finally, a trial of Clinical Policy Ethics Assessment Tool to ensure its reliability and validity. Ethical consideration: The policies analysed trialling Clinical Policy Ethics Assessment Tool were in the public domain and did not contain any confidential information. Despite that, Clinical Policy Ethics Assessment Tool also had the approval of a research ethics committee. Results: Research Protocol Ethics Assessment Tool was chosen as the template for a Clinical Policy Ethics Assessment Tool, to which several modifications were added to adapt it to work within a nursing practice context. Clinical Policy Ethics Assessment Tool was tested twice, which resulted in a general test–retest reliability coefficient = 0.86, r = 0.84, α1 = 0.817, α2 = 0.824 and interclass correlation coefficient = 0.874. Discussion: Contemporary nursing practice in a developed country is often ruled by clinical policies. The use of Clinical Policy Ethics Assessment Tool could confirm the ethical validity of those clinical practice policies, impacting on nurses’ education, values and quality of care. Conclusion: Clinical Policy Ethics Assessment Tool has the potential to detect ethical issues and facilitate the correction and improvement of clinical policies and guidelines in a structured way. This is especially so as it has shown reliability in detecting issues in clinical policies involving human participants and in encouraging policymakers to consider common ethical dilemmas in nursing practice.
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Toti, Jean-François, i Jean-Louis Moulins. "Ethical sensitivity: Conceptualization and new scale development". Recherche et Applications en Marketing (English Edition) 32, nr 3 (13.07.2017): 6–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2051570717716562.
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This article proposes a new and original measurement scale for consumers’ ethical sensitivity (CES). Usually measured using scenarios, ethical sensitivity appears as a fundamental variable in understanding consumers’ ethical behaviour. In this study, we propose an alternative definition and a new scale for ethical sensitivity. We use a series of qualitative and quantitative studies and analyse construct validity, that is, content, convergent and discriminant validities. The results indicate that ethical sensitivity is a better predictor of ethical consumption behaviour when measured by our new scale than by a scenario. Implications are outlined for academics and professionals looking to better understand the relationship between consumer ethics and consumption behaviour.
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Khanal, Pratik, Sajana Maharjan, Namita Ghimire i Khem Bahadur Karki. "Historical Development of Health Research Ethics in Nepal". Journal of Nepal Health Research Council 16, nr 1 (18.03.2018): 105–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnhrc.v16i1.19377.
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Health research in Nepal initiated with a survey in malaria in 1952. The first regulatory body for health research was Nepal Medical Research Committee formed under Ministry of Health. Ethical Review Body is the first ethical review structure. Nepal Health Research Council is now an independent body to regulate health research in Nepal. Development of research ethics in Nepal is clearly evident with the development of ethical guidelines; functioning of Ethical Review Board; expansion of institutional review committees and initiation of online submission system. However, monitoring compliance with research ethics could be a challenge for the NHRC.
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Shchedrinskaya, O., M. Bebtschuk i E. Snarskaya. "Professional development: Training in ethics". European Psychiatry 64, S1 (kwiecień 2021): S593—S594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1583.
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IntroductionSome of the most vulnerable psychiatry patients are children under 18, as they can’t protect themselves and their rights from unethical behaviour of mental health professionals. There is a gap between theoretical knowledge and application of ethics at the workplace. Continuous education in ethics is necessary to address this gap.ObjectivesThe objective of the study was to compare various forms of education in ethics and develop training for mental health practitioners.MethodsThe study had 2 groups (356 participants, aged 23 to 67, average age – 41.3) – staff of the main and oldest children’s mental health clinic in Moscow, Russia. The control group (124 participants) of mental health professionals received written materials on ethics (such as ethical codes and ethical decision-making protocols). The test group (232 people) participated in a several trainings on ethics. The trainings included 3 parts – discussing the code of ethics, creating examples of potential ethical challenges and role-plays. Participants reported that the topics on the quality of care, common ethical dilemmas and relationships between the practitioners, young patients and legal guardians, were the most helpful for them.ResultsThe survey was conducted to evaluate the results. 70.8% of staff members that participated in training shared that they feel confident about applying the Code and the decision-making protocols in unclear cases. Only 32.6% from the control group reported the same level of confidence.ConclusionsHands-on training in ethics for continuing education has shown to be more beneficial, as compared to theoretical instructions
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Gentry, Lonnie, i James W. Fleshman. "Leadership and Ethics: Virtue Ethics as a Model for Leadership Development". Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery 33, nr 04 (3.06.2020): 217–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1709437.
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AbstractLeaders are held to the highest of standards in both performance and ethics. The same is true for leaders in medicine. Thus, medical leaders must give attention to ethical development as well as performance development. Virtue ethics provide a way for the leader to develop ethically. Virtue ethics is the oldest form of ethics. Although other ethical approaches focus on external considerations, virtue ethics focuses on the inward development of character. Following the examples of virtuous people and developing habits of virtue are critical with this approach. The cardinal virtues of prudence, courage, temperance, and justice are considered the most important. Specific virtue lists have also been developed for medical practitioners. All of these virtues can contribute to the enhancement of leadership skills. The virtue approach is especially helpful for leaders because it motivates one to excel in whatever endeavor pursued, whether medicine, leadership, relationships, or life.
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Marangos, John, Niko Astroulakis i Eirini Triarchi. "The philosophical roots of development ethics". International Journal of Social Economics 46, nr 4 (8.04.2019): 523–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-05-2018-0279.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the philosophical roots of development ethics as a field of study with its interdisciplinary character. Design/methodology/approach The conceptual and historical evolution of development ethics is unfolded through Aristotle’s philosophy. Findings The authors argued that Aristotle’s philosophy, incorporating the concepts of “a good life” and “a good society,” defines ethical development and influences contemporary development ethics. Originality/value Development ethics is a relatively new field of study within social sciences and determines the ethical perspective of development in a holistic and normative manner. It is important to understand the antecedents, pioneers and contemporary practitioners of development ethics and how they are related. Based on the authors’ knowledge, there has been limited research regarding the origins of the concept of a “good society” as a determinant factor of development. In this context, Aristotle’s philosophy incorporating the concepts of a “good life” and a “good society” is the founding determinant in the study of ethical development.
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Sandman, Lars. "Ethics in Quality Improvement with in Health Care - Focusing on the Improvement". Open Medicine Journal 4, nr 1 (30.09.2017): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874220301704010048.
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Background: Health-care is permeated with ethical values and norms and so there are ethical implications to all interventions which changes practice, and this includes quality improvement (QI). The interest for ethics in QI so far has not had an explicit focus on the ethics of the actual improvement. Contrasting this with health technology assessment (HTA), we there find an almost exclusive interest in the ethics of the developed technology, and less regard for the other ethical aspects related to development, evaluation and implementation of the technology. Method: We identify how a research ethics perspective on QI differs from the ethics of the actual improvement or change. It will be argued that the field of ethics in QI can benefit from the development of ethics within HTA by raising awareness of the need to ethically assess the actual improvement or change, and by using models for this found within HTA. For an ethical analysis of quality improvement, elderly care in the Swedish context will be given as a tentative example. Conclusion: The existing frameworks for ethical assessment within HTA need further development for use within QI. In essence, the introduction of new technologies within health-care could be viewed as a quality improvement, where considerations generally acknowledged within QI are relevant to consider in relation to all potential technologies to be used within health-care.
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Abratt, Russell, i Nicola Higgs. "Implementing business ethics in large British organisations". South African Journal of Business Management 26, nr 1 (31.03.1995): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v26i1.817.
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Much attention has been paid to ethics in the realm of business where i't is believed that a company should focus not only on the development of ethical business policies, but the implementation thereof as well. While ethical behaviour in business has been accepted, the implementation of ethical policies is proving to be difficult. In this article we firstly review the business ethics implementation literature with a particular focus on codes of conduct. We then present results from a study of British companies, commenting on methods of fostering ethical behaviour, the use of formal codes of ethics, management's involvement in implementation, and the effectiveness of codes of business practice. The results show that large British organisations are becoming more ethically aware, but still have some way to go in implementing ethical policies.
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Sternberg, Robert J. "Giftedness and ethics". Gifted Education International 28, nr 3 (23.02.2012): 241–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261429411435050.
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What is, or should be, the role of ethics in giftedness? In this article, I consider why ethical behavior is much harder to come by than one would expect. Ethical behavior requires completion of a series of eight steps to action, the failure of any one of which may result in a person, even one who is ethically well trained, to act in a manner that lacks the translation of ethical knowledge into action. Many people identified as gifted through traditional means are nevertheless lacking in ethics, in part because socialization may not reward them for the development of ethical patterns of behavior. The result has been catastrophic for the world.
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Marebane, Senyeki Milton, Robert Toyo Hans i Jacqui Coosner. "Perspectives on adherence to ethics standards and behaviour in software development". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 26, nr 3 (1.06.2022): 1573. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v26.i3.pp1573-1580.
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Considering the <span>powerful position assumed in creating software that changes human lives and society; it is compelling that in addition to technical standards, ethical standards, especially those captured in codes of ethics and practice be adhered to by software engineers. Despite efforts by professional bodies on ethical standards awareness, it is alleged that software engineers are not able to uphold ethical standards in software development projects. This research study probed lecturers concerned with the teaching of software development courses to determine their perceived levels of ethical standards and behavior. The findings show that the importance of ethical standards is recognized. The respondents reported high levels of ethical standards of their own work, colleagues’ work and their students’ work. Although in general the respondents reported high ethical standards, elements of lesser perceived ethical standards on students indicate the need for improvements. The findings of the study are important to educators and industry to recognize the significance of levels of ethics standards and the role educators have in terms of inculcating such ethical standards early in the making of future software engineers.</span>
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Lennon, Mick, i Linda Fox-Rogers. "Morality, power and the planning subject". Planning Theory 16, nr 4 (20.05.2016): 364–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473095216648185.
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Ethical issues are at the heart of planning. Thus, planning theory has long displayed an interest in debating both the ethical justification for planning and how the activity of planning can be rendered more ethically sensitive. However, comparatively little attention has been shown to how the very constitution of the planner as a ‘moral subject’ may be ethically problematic for planning practice. This article addresses this lacuna through an engagement with the philosophy of Michel Foucault. In contrast to how his work is normally applied, this article accords with Foucault’s own direction that his later examination of ethics be used as a lens through which to read his earlier analysis of power and knowledge. Accordingly, the article first outlines Foucault’s innovative reinterpretation of how power and knowledge operate in society before setting this within his novel reconception of ethics. This theoretical exposition is then employed to interpret the material drawn from in-depth qualitative interviews with 20 planning officers working in a range of different contexts. The article subsequently employs Foucault’s ethically informed reading of power and knowledge to identify ethical issues arising from the approaches used by practitioners to justify their planning activities. The article concludes by suggesting how such issues can be resolved.
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Robichaux, Catherine. "Developing Ethical Skills: From Sensitivity to Action". Critical Care Nurse 32, nr 2 (1.04.2012): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ccn2012929.
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Acute and critical care nurses routinely encounter ethical “quandaries” such as providing perceived futile care. Other everyday ethically important occurrences may go unrecognized, however, thus diminishing their importance to moral nursing practice. This column presents a framework that may assist in developing specific skills to recognize and engage in both critical and everyday ethical situations with confidence. James Rest’s Four Component Model addresses the role of the moral practitioner from initial recognition that an ethical situation exists to implementation of a justifiable action. Patient/provider scenarios are used to illustrate components of Rest’s model followed by an approach to distinguish ethical from nonethical situations. Practical strategies to enhance ethical skills such as development of nursing ethics groups and providing continuing ethics education also are presented.
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Grzybek, Grzegorz, i Liliya Morska. "The ethical dimension of erotic self-education and development ethics". Ethics & Bioethics 10, nr 1-2 (1.06.2020): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ebce-2020-0001.
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AbstractThe ethical dimension of sexual education can referred to morality, religion and the ethos of life. Morality and religion exert pressure on certain behavior patterns. “Ethical eroticism” in relation to the theory of Development ethics implies a positive integration of sexuality with the ethos of life. “Ethical eroticism” in this area is not identical to sexual morality. Sexual morality is an external element as comprehended by a person, while “ethical eroticism” based on the ethos of life expresses a person’s moral subjectivity. In the principles of development ethics, the emphasis is shifted to individual development, which is the reason for propounding the postulate of erotic self-education.
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Leuter, Cinzia, Cristina Petrucci, Antonella Mattei, Gianpietro Tabassi i Loreto Lancia. "Ethical difficulties in nursing, educational needs and attitudes about using ethics resources". Nursing Ethics 20, nr 3 (27.11.2012): 348–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733012455565.
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Ethical difficulties arise in healthcare practices. However, despite extensive research findings that demonstrate that most nurses are involved in recurrent ethical problems, institutions are not always able to effectively support nursing care professionals. The limited availability of ethics consultation services and traditional nursing training fails to meet the frequent and strong requests by health workers to support their ethical dilemmas. A questionnaire was administered to 374 nurses attending a specialist training and a lifetime learning programme in Italy. The respondents reported a high frequency of ethically sensitive situations, and they described the poor development of ethics support and a scarcity of ethics training programmes. The results suggest the importance of promoting ethics services that include consultation and ethics training. A need for systematic ethics educational activities was identified for improving the capacity of nurses to manage ethical issues in patient care.
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TANG, JINTONG, SHAJI A. KHAN i RENHONG ZHU. "ENTREPRENEURS' ETHICALLY SUSPECT BEHAVIORS AND EFFECTIVE INFORMATION ACQUISITION: THE MODERATING EFFECTS OF IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT". Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 17, nr 04 (grudzień 2012): 1250019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1084946712500197.
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Understanding the ethical conduct of entrepreneurs is becoming increasingly important. Previous research has focused on the differences between entrepreneurs and managers in terms of their ethical values and behaviors and has investigated the antecedents of ethical behaviors. However, the question that whether entrepreneurs' ethical behaviors contribute to or hamper crucial aspects of new venture development, such as effective information acquisition, has remained unanswered. In this paper, we extend previous research on ethics and entrepreneurship by examining the impact of entrepreneurs' ethically suspect behaviors on information acquisition. Data from 139 entrepreneurs in China revealed the negative influence of ethically suspect behaviors on information acquisition. Further, this relationship is weakened by entrepreneurs' impression management tactics such as ingratiation and self-promotion. Implications of these findings for entrepreneurs and research at the interface of entrepreneurship and ethics are discussed.
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Siau, Keng, i Weiyu Wang. "Artificial Intelligence (AI) Ethics". Journal of Database Management 31, nr 2 (kwiecień 2020): 74–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdm.2020040105.
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Artificial intelligence (AI)-based technology has achieved many great things, such as facial recognition, medical diagnosis, and self-driving cars. AI promises enormous benefits for economic growth, social development, as well as human well-being and safety improvement. However, the low-level of explainability, data biases, data security, data privacy, and ethical problems of AI-based technology pose significant risks for users, developers, humanity, and societies. As AI advances, one critical issue is how to address the ethical and moral challenges associated with AI. Even though the concept of “machine ethics” was proposed around 2006, AI ethics is still in the infancy stage. AI ethics is the field related to the study of ethical issues in AI. To address AI ethics, one needs to consider the ethics of AI and how to build ethical AI. Ethics of AI studies the ethical principles, rules, guidelines, policies, and regulations that are related to AI. Ethical AI is an AI that performs and behaves ethically. One must recognize and understand the potential ethical and moral issues that may be caused by AI to formulate the necessary ethical principles, rules, guidelines, policies, and regulations for AI (i.e., Ethics of AI). With the appropriate ethics of AI, one can then build AI that exhibits ethical behavior (i.e., Ethical AI). This paper will discuss AI ethics by looking at the ethics of AI and ethical AI. What are the perceived ethical and moral issues with AI? What are the general and common ethical principles, rules, guidelines, policies, and regulations that can resolve or at least attenuate these ethical and moral issues with AI? What are some of the necessary features and characteristics of an ethical AI? How to adhere to the ethics of AI to build ethical AI?
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Popova, O. V. "Ethical aporia of organ donation development". Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs 20, nr 4 (31.01.2019): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15825/1995-1191-2018-4-121-133.
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Aim.The Aim of the article is to investigate the ethical and epistemological problems that have arisen in recent years in connection with the emergence of incidents that have caused the problematization of traditional approaches to the definition and ascertainment of death (in particular, cases that reflect the history of Jahi McMath and Anahita Meshkin) and the spread in the West such practices, as «controlled donation» and «donation after euthanasia».Materials and methods.The article uses the method of socio-ethical analysis and the bioethical case study methodology.Results.The analysis of the development of ethical support for the practice of organ donation is presented.Conclusion.The conclusion is made about the pronounced liberalization of the ethics of organ donation, characterized by the dictates of local moral contingency, linguistic manipulations with the categories of «gift», «harm», «autonomy» and the threat of trends in technological instrumentality in the system of development of transplantology and organ donation with the initial minimum of ethical grounds.
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Krawczyk, Rosemary M. "Teaching Ethics: Effect on Moral Development". Nursing Ethics 4, nr 1 (styczeń 1997): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973309700400107.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the development of moral judgement in first-year and senior baccalaureate nursing students. These students were enrolled in three separate nursing programmes, each of which differed significantly in ethical content. The sample totalled 180 students enrolled in three New England programmes. Programme A included an ethics course taught by a professor of ethics. Programme B integrated ethical issues into all nursing theory courses. Programme C did not include ethical content in theory courses. The design was of a developmental cross-sectional study. The dependent variable was the development of moral judgement, as measured by Rest’s Defining Issues Test. The independent variable was the amount of ethics taught in the nursing programmes and the level of academic education. The senior nursing students from programme A scored significantly higher than the other senior groups on the Defining Issues Test. The conclusion is that an ethics course with group participation and a decision-making element significantly facilitated nursing students’ development of moral judgement.
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Karataş, Kasım, i Nadide Yılmaz. "Evaluating prospective mathematics teachers' development of ethical knowledge and awareness". Research in Pedagogy 11, nr 2 (2021): 377–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/istrped2102377k.
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This study examines prospective mathematics teachers' ethical knowledge and awareness development in an undergraduate course called 'Morality and Ethics in Education'. Accordingly, prospective teachers' opinions regarding the ethical teacher and the unethical teacher were investigated through metaphors. The current study was designed as a case study and the data were collected from fifty-one prospective mathematics teachers studying at a university in Turkey through an open-ended questionnaire and reflective diaries. The findings show that the prospective teachers were satisfied with the 'Morality and Ethics in Education' course in general. It was effective and helpful to improve prospective teachers' ethical knowledge and awareness. In addition, the prospective teachers showed an interest in ethical values, such as justice, being a good role model and honesty. They describe the ethical teacher as being 'of holy personality, a guide and professional', and the unethical teacher as 'useless and harmful'. In addition, the prospective teachers made a number of suggestions for undergraduate education in the context of improving ethical and moral values.
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McBride, Neil. "Virtuous Business Intelligence". International Journal of Business Intelligence Research 6, nr 2 (lipiec 2015): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbir.2015070101.
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This paper examines three approaches to ethics and focuses on the development of character and the practice of virtue in business intelligence (BI). The paper describes BI as a tool for mediating the relationships between pairs of stakeholders such as management and customer. Three aspects of the relationship which benefit ethically from the practice of virtues are discussed: the purpose of the BI, the prejudices behind the BI and the power of the stakeholders. The connection between the ethics of BI and the corporate ethics is discussed. Without the practice of virtues, BI may be recruited to support corporate vices of exploitation, exposure, exclusion, coercion, control and concealment. The paper seeks to highlight the importance of ethical issues in BI practice and suggests the development of an ethical balanced scorecard as a vehicle for developing ethical senstitivity.
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Fraser, Veronique, Matthew R. Hunt, Sonya de Laat i Lisa Schwartz. "The Development of a Humanitarian Health Ethics Analysis Tool". Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 30, nr 4 (11.06.2015): 412–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x1500480x.
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AbstractIntroductionHealth care workers (HCWs) who participate in humanitarian aid work experience a range of ethical challenges in providing care and assistance to communities affected by war, disaster, or extreme poverty. Although there is increasing discussion of ethics in humanitarian health care practice and policy, there are very few resources available for humanitarian workers seeking ethical guidance in the field. To address this knowledge gap, a Humanitarian Health Ethics Analysis Tool (HHEAT) was developed and tested as an action-oriented resource to support humanitarian workers in ethical decision making.While ethical analysis tools increasingly have become prevalent in a variety of practice contexts over the past two decades, very few of these tools have undergone a process of empirical validation to assess their usefulness for practitioners.MethodsA qualitative study consisting of a series of six case-analysis sessions with 16 humanitarian HCWs was conducted to evaluate and refine the HHEAT.ResultsParticipant feedback inspired the creation of a simplified and shortened version of the tool and prompted the development of an accompanying handbook.ConclusionThe study generated preliminary insight into the ethical deliberation processes of humanitarian health workers and highlighted different types of ethics support that humanitarian workers might find helpful in supporting the decision-making process.FraserV,HuntMR,de LaatS,SchwartzL.The development of a humanitarian health ethics analysis tool.Prehosp Disaster Med.2015;30(4):19.
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Marangos, John, Nikos Astroulakis i Eirini Triarchi. "The advancement of development ethics". Panoeconomicus, nr 00 (2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan180518003m.
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An advancement that includes the intellectual history of development ethics is examined in this paper. Relying upon contributions of distinguished scholars, this inquiry considers the intellectual history of the sub-field known as "development ethics". Special attention is paid to the pioneering development ethicist Denis Goulet, recognized as the founder of the field. The paper concentrates on individual contributions on a variety of issues, emphasizing linkages to Goulet?s conception of tasks, methods and normative principles. Students of international development can benefit from this distinctive perspective where ethics is integrated into economic development, disclosing an enlightened perspective of an ethical developing world. Overall, the goal is to establish development ethics as an important subcategory of development economics in regards with its ethical aspects and one which deserves greater attention from economists and development studies scholars.
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Mago, Dr Beenu, Khalid Ishaq Almaazmi, Abdulla Jafar Almaazmi, Khalid Mohammed Falaha i Eisa Dahi Almidfaa. "Modeling Situational IT Ethics in UAE". International Journal for Global Academic & Scientific Research 1, nr 2 (21.06.2022): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.55938/ijgasr.v1i2.10.
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The rapid development in the field of information technology has provided significant benefits to both society and the business world. There are numerous ethical challenges that computer users must deal with. These include violation of intellectual property, hacking, invasion of privacy, honesty, secrecy, loyalty, accountability, and responsibility. Situational and individual characteristics influence information systems employees' behavioral intentions to act ethically. The situational variables that affect employee ethical behavior and financial losses can be controlled and influenced by organizations to determine and control employee ethical conduct and financial losses. Ethics-related losses caused by information systems employees can be successfully resolved by incorporating the code of ethics into the code of professional conduct and employee contract, incorporating ethics into organizational culture, designing rewards for ethical behavior and severe punishments for unethical behavior, and incorporating ethics into the code of professional conduct and employee contract.
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Binani, Shradha. "Ethical Preparedness, Self-Efficacy and Challenges in Engineering Education – A Quantitative Study". Journal of Engineering Education Transformations 35, S1 (1.01.2022): 338–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.16920/jeet/2022/v35is1/22049.
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Academicians and practitioners in engineering focus on promoting ethical behaviour in their field. Engineering ethics are essential for maintaining public faith in the field and its professionals, especially as engineers rapidly face global and socially complicated issues that involve technical and ethical challenges. Unethical engineering exposes companies to legal action, financial constraints, and decreased effectiveness. To enhance ethical awareness about one’s own ethical self- efficacy, ethical preparedness and the associated ethical challenges, ethical instructions are to be developed among students successfully. With this as the motivation, an attempt is made in this study to develop a survey instrument to capture the freshmen engineering students’ understanding related to ethical preparedness, ethical challenges, and ethical self-efficacy. Considering these three aspects, a survey instrument was created and distributed at an affiliated (autonomous) college in south India (Hyderabad Institute of Technology and Management) during spring 2021 to the freshman engineering students. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to determine the factor structure of the survey instrument and it results in three factors as hypothesized. The factors had a minimum and maximum loading of 0.56 and 0.90 and Cronbach’s α ranged from 0.83 to 0.88. This instrument could be used by institutions willing to assess students’ current levels of awareness regarding engineering ethics and decide nextsteps accordingly. Keywords: ethical challenges, ethical self-efficacy, engineering ethics, freshman engineering students
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Jha, Jatinder Kumar, Biju Varkkey, Praveen Agrawal i Narendra Singh. "Contribution of HR Systems in Development of Ethical Climate at Workplace: A Case Study". South Asian Journal of Human Resources Management 4, nr 1 (26.05.2017): 106–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2322093717705183.
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This article elucidates the relationship between HR systems and ethical climate at workplace with primary focus on the procedure adopted for development of ethical climate, using case study of an Indian power distribution company (Tata Power Delhi Distribution Limited [TPDDL]). The study categorizes TPDDL’s endeavours undertaken into two categories, explicit and implicit initiatives. Explicit ways of promoting ethics include ethics trainings, seminars on ethics, rewards and punishment policy, and mechanism of reporting ethical concerns/issues (ethics portal, whistle blower policy, IVRS, etc.). Implicit ways of creating ethical climate include HR practices, namely selective selection, training for developing interpersonal and technical skills, fair performance appraisal system and various engagement initiatives. The support and guidance of the senior management and line managers ensured successful execution of both initiatives. Results from the study suggest, over the period of time, the untiring efforts of various actors that saw the development of an ethical climate.
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Cleary, Claudia M., i Jack M. Kendree. "Development of Ethical Awareness". Business and Professional Ethics Journal 11, nr 3 (1992): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/bpej1992113/416.
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Valentine, Sean, David Hollingworth i Bradley Eidsness. "Ethics-related selection and reduced ethical conflict as drivers of positive work attitudes". Personnel Review 43, nr 5 (29.07.2014): 692–716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pr-12-2012-0207.
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Purpose – There is reason to believe that an ethically minded approach to hiring and the development of an ethical context should be associated with incremental decreases in employees’ perceptions of ethical conflict. It is also likely that the selection of ethical employees, and the reduced ethical conflict that follows, are positively related to employees’ positive work attitudes. The purpose of this paper is to test these relationships. Design/methodology/approach – Using a self-report questionnaire, information was collected from 187 employees working for a medium-sized financial services organization with offices located primarily in the Midwestern USA. Findings – Results of structural equation modeling indicated that employees’ perceptions of ethics-related selection were negatively related to perceived ethical conflict, and that reduced ethical conflict and enhanced ethics-related selection were associated with an increased positive work attitude, which was comprised of job satisfaction, an intention to stay, and organizational commitment. Research limitations/implications – The results cannot prove causal association between the constructs, and the use of one focal firm limits generalizability. Practical implications – Organizational leaders and HR professionals should develop ethics-based hiring practices to reduce ethical conflict and strengthen a company's ethical context. Originality/value – This investigation is relevant because strong relationships among ethics-related hiring, ethical conflict, and positive work attitudes would suggest that companies must use ethical selection criteria and maintain an ethical culture/climate that meets or exceeds employees’ expectations about ethics. Furthermore, this study adds to the relatively few published works exploring the relationship between ethical conflict and work attitudes.
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Head, George. "Ethics in educational research: Review boards, ethical issues and researcher development". European Educational Research Journal 19, nr 1 (29.08.2018): 72–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474904118796315.
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Educational research, and research in the Social Sciences more generally, has experienced a growth in the introduction of ethical review boards since the 1990s. Increasingly, universities have set up ethics review procedures that require researchers to submit applications seeking approval to conduct research. Review boards and the rules and conditions under which they operate have been criticised as obstructive, unnecessarily bureaucratic, and even unethical. At the same time, review boards and their procedures have been acknowledged as contributing to consideration of the ethical conduct of research. This paper explores the issues related to ethical review and examines the wider ethical considerations that may arise during the research process. The paper concludes that a purely administrative process of review is inadequate to ensure the ethical conduct of research, especially qualitative research. Rather, it is argued that ethical research entails the resolution of a potential series of ethical dilemmas as they arise during research. As such, the ethical conduct of research is a matter of researcher formation and development.
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Gorbunov, Svyatoslav S. "Asociality of the Albert Schweitzer’s Ethics: a Fact or a Myth?" Voprosy Filosofii, nr 12 (2022): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/0042-8744-2022-12-212-217.
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This report completes our series of short notes on Albert Schweitzer’s ethical concept. It aims to consider the asocial nature of Schweitzer’s ethical concept and worldview. The scientific novelty of the research is determined by the analysis of an assumption that “individualism and immoralism” of Schweitzer’s ethics act as insurmountable obstacles to its social reception. The results obtained consist in the discussion of the conceptual idea of a society as an ethical person, i.e. an ethical-oriented formation. At the same time, we consider whether the development of the society from the individual to the general through an individual ethically motivated self-development of each person is possible and necessary.
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DeJean, Deirdre, Mita Giacomini, Lisa Schwartz i Fiona A. Miller. "Ethics in Canadian health technology assessment: A descriptive review". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 25, nr 4 (październik 2009): 463–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462309990390.
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Background: Despite the mandate to examine the medical, ethical, and economic implications of the development and use of health technology, health technology assessment (HTA) reports often emphasize the epidemiologic and economic aspects, and omit ethical considerations. This study examines both whether and how ethical issues are incorporated into HTA.Objectives: We aim to (i) review a set of Canadian HTA reports for ethics content, (ii) describe the strategies used to incorporate ethically relevant information into HTA, and (iii) determine the presence of implicit ethical issues in a sample of HTA reports.Methods: Descriptive and qualitative content analysis of 608 HTA reports produced by six Canadian HTA agencies from January 1997 to December 2006.Results: We found that (i) a minority (17 percent) of Canadian HTA reports addressed ethical issues, (ii) secondary research predominates while primary analysis is rare, (iii) implicit ethical issues are present in HTA reports that do not purport to address ethics.Conclusions: Canadian HTA reports rarely explicitly, and then only superficially, address ethics, though implicit ethical issues abound.
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Bratz, Josephine Karla Anna, i Marcelo Sandoval-Ramirez. "Ethical competences for the development of nursing care". Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 71, suppl 4 (2018): 1810–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0539.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To present an analysis of the nursing ethos based on the disciplinary foundations of nursing to propose a definition of ethical competences for nursing training. Method: The present proposal is a theoretical reflection, based on a literature review of the specialty, both nursing and ethics. Results: we suggest basing the ethical education of nursing students integrating transversally disciplinary, bioethical and civic ethical competences, considering certain educational dimensions that favor their development. Final considerations: We expect that the definitions of three competences of the moral scope of nursing, contribute to cross-cutting proposals that promote the values and principles of the profession.
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Odysseos, Louiza. "Prolegomena to Any Future Decolonial Ethics: Coloniality, Poetics and ‘Being Human as Praxis’". Millennium: Journal of International Studies 45, nr 3 (4.04.2017): 447–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0305829817704503.
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Decolonial thought has wrought a devastating critique on the Academy and wide-ranging fields within it. Decolonial critique entails undeniable and multiple ethico-political orientations arising from concrete struggles within the ‘unfinished project of decolonization’ (Maldonado-Torres), as well as recent articulations of decolonial ethics. This article argues that, as decolonial critique, and calls for decolonial ethics, begin to find their way into broader theoretical discussions in the social sciences and humanities, it may be more fruitful to insist on the question of decolonial ethics. It encourages retaining the disruptive potential of decolonial critique by resisting its immediate translations into available ethical registers and traditions that unwittingly reassert, and remain bound to, forms of ethical expression dependent on generalised narratives, which occlude their histories of violent and racialised exclusion and masterful figurations of ethical subjectivity. Outlining Sylvia Wynter’s excavation of prominent figurations of the human as ‘Man’, I argue that our conceptions of ethical subjects too rest on such figurations. The article, therefore, discusses three prolegomena to any future decolonial ethics: the decolonial critique and displacement of the figure of ‘Man’ as ethical subject within racialised coloniality; the development of a decolonising poetics, whose ethos of irreverence seeks forms of poetic revolt that draw on struggles to question systems of ethical thought and knowledge; finally, a discussion of the contours of a praxis of being hybridly human through the development of ‘education’ as an incessant and ‘unfinished’ project.
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Eskelinen, Teppo. "After the Millennium Development Goals. Remarks on the ethical assessment of global poverty reduction success". Etikk i praksis - Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics, nr 1 (26.04.2018): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5324/eip.v12i1.2348.
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The Millennium Development Goals were effective from 2000 to 2015. Statistics show that most of the goals were met, and particularly success in the goal of reducing extreme poverty (MDG1) gained wide recognition. Despite the strong ethical language related to poverty reduction, there has been little analysis of the ethical significance of the MDG achievements. Since statistical and ethical definitions and representations of poverty never completely overlap, conclusions concerning ethical progress are not directly available from the statistics. This article shows how this ethical significance can be analysed and what kinds of controversies and uncertainties relate to the issue. As part of this analysis, utilitarian issues, population ethics, and the social aspect of poverty are discussed.
Keywords: poverty, Millennium Development Goals, statistics, ethics, poverty line
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Hassan, Abul. "Islamic ethical responsibilities for business and sustainable development". Humanomics 32, nr 1 (8.02.2016): 80–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/h-07-2015-0047.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to address the issue of environmental development in view of the Islamic ethical responsibilities, and the extent to which businesses should be involved in environment development activities will be addressed. Design/methodology/approach – This study integrates the mainstream and Islamic positions on the subject of the environment and sustainable development based on published literature and argues that whichever definition of environmental development one might subscribe to eventually each arrives at an environmental concern. It takes inspiration from the verses of the Holy Quran and ethics of the sayings of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) in respect of environment and business that indicate a way out of this impasse. Findings – This study shows that the Islamic approach is more agreeable to environmental protection, and the issues associated with environmental and sustainable development have moral, ethical and social responsibilities, and the businesses should have on intense commitment to Islamic ethics in justice and welfare of human beings. Because of environmental ethics in Islam, and the value chain of suppliers through customers, businesses should be aware of the environmental aspects and impacts of their companies. Originality/value – This paper enhances the understanding of Islamic ethical responsibilities in business, environmental and sustainable development and attempts to show attributes of the various levels of behaviour of an organisation.
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Mihăilescu, Natalia. "Aspecte manageriale ale eticii la nivel instituțional". Revistă de Ştiinţe Socio-Umane = Journal of Social and Human Sciences 42, nr 2 (kwiecień 2019): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.46727/jshs.2019.v42.i2.p87-94.
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The article addresses the issue of ethics management in the school institution, which pursues as a goal the development of organizational and individual ethical culture. In this context, it describes the process of organizational culture internalization, based on a system of ethical values, thus determining the formation/development of individual ethical culture. Based on the model of internalization of organizational culture, the relationship between the ethical institutionalization process and the development of ethical culture is explained.
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Grüber, Katrin, i Elena Loevskaya. "Supporting Ethical Decision Making – A Tool for Ethical Reflection on Care Technologies". Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Bioethica 66, Special Issue (9.09.2021): 84–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbbioethica.2021.spiss.51.
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"The tool FreTiP (Fragen zur ethischen Reflexion von digitalen Technologien in der Pflegepraxis – questions on ethical reflection of digital technologies in nursing practice) was developed in 2020 by the Institute Mensch, Ethik und Wissenschaft (IMEW) as part of ELSI research in the PPZ-Berlin project. Our aim was to develop an instrument that stimulates and supports ethical reflection processes in the application of digital care innovation technologies in practice. Ethical considerations are part of everyday (nursing) life, are closely interwoven with other aspects and are therefore difficult to recognise as such. The starting thesis of our work was that actors in care act on the basis of value concepts that they are more or less aware of. An ethics that is consciously integrated into everyday care takes into account all aspects that are relevant for an action or decision. In this respect, it is important to look at ethics in context and not to understand “ethics” as something isolated, coming from outside. Based on this, the development of the instrument should not consist of “breaking down” ethical concepts and theories to practice, but of ethically locating, structuring and making applicable the experiences, questions and needs of the actors working in nursing practice. Thus, FreTiP is not only to be considered practice-oriented, but also to a certain extent practice-based. The instrument was designed to be suitable for everyday care in clinics, care facilities and in the home context. FreTiP was developed as a low-threshold instrument that can be used flexibly and that takes into account the perspective of patients as well as carers. The development of the instrument was preceded by a triangulated study that included a literature review, interviews and (non-)participatory observations. In the paper, experiences with the ethical reflection tool FreTiP will be presented. "
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A. Hameed, Shihab. "TOWARD SOFTWARE ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES BASED ON ISLAMIC ETHICAL VALUES". IIUM Engineering Journal 9, nr 2 (29.09.2010): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v9i2.99.
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Software is the core for Computer-based applications which became an essential part for critical control systems, health and human life guard systems, financial and banking systems, educational and other systems. It requires qualified software engineers professionally and ethically. L.R and survey results show that software engineering professionals facing several ethical related problems which are costly, harmful and affected high ratio of people. Professional organizations like ACM, IEEE, ABET and CSAC have established codes of ethics to help software engineering professionals to understand and manage their ethical responsibilities. Islam considers ethics an essential factor to build individuals,communities and society. Islamic Ethics are set of moral principles and guidance that recognizes what is right behavior from wrong, which are comprehensive, stable, fair, and historically prove success in building ethically great society. The 1.3 billions of Muslims with 10s of thousands of software engineers should have an effective role in software development and life, which requires them to understand and implement ethics, specially the Islamic ethics in their work. This paper is a frame-work for modeling software engineering principle. It focuses mainly on adopting a new version of software engineering principle based on Islamic ethical values.
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Berkovich, Izhak, i Ori Eyal. "Ethics education in leadership development: Adopting multiple ethical paradigms". Educational Management Administration & Leadership 48, nr 2 (14.08.2018): 270–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1741143218792914.
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Attitude development and identity formation in educational leadership are the goals of non-traditional, and in the 21st century also of neo-traditional, development initiatives. Ethics education emerges as one of the linchpins in neo-traditional and non-traditional development initiatives. Yet, despite considerable interest in ethics education in educational leadership development, ethics education has not been examined systematically, and empirical research on its effects is scarce. The present paper aims to address this lacuna by exploring the effects of ethics education based on extended multiple ethical paradigms in the context of an educational leadership programme. Moreover, the study follows a systematic longitudinal design, based on pre- and post-course measurements that used the Ethical Perspectives Instrument in six Israeli cohorts of educational administration graduate students ( n = 73). The findings indicate that ethics education has a limited effect on the student body as a whole, but when students were separated into those who did and did not change their dominant ethics, differences emerged. The results suggest that school leadership development focusing on attitude development and identity formation in general and on ethics education in particular lead to different outcomes.
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Reiser, Stanley Joel. "Misconduct and the Development of Ethics in the Biological Sciences". Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 3, nr 4 (1994): 499–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100005375.
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A variety of cases of scientific misconduct have been documented since the 1980s among biological scientists. These cases have focused the attention of the public and scientific community on this behavior and made it the centerpiece of the concern about ethics in the biological sciences. In contrast, the ethics movement in clinical medicine, which arose in the 1960s, was not basically directed at the problems of wrong-doing. Instead it concentrated on the difficult ethical choices that had to be made In the practice of medicine.In this essay, I discuss the two movements. The attention given to misconduct In the biological sciences has become excessive and diverts its ethics movement from exploring and teaching about the difficult ethical decisions scientists must make in weighing obligations to self, science, and society. A more balanced and selective approach to developing an ethical framework in the biological sciences is needed.
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Landon, Trenton J., i Jared C. Schultz. "Exploring Rehabilitation Counseling Supervisors’ Role in Promoting Counselor Development of Ethical Fluency". Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin 62, nr 1 (11.09.2017): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034355217728912.
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Clinical supervision plays an integral role in the professional development of counselors, particularly for developing their awareness of ethical service delivery and decision making. This grounded theory study queried eight rehabilitation counseling supervisors, four from a state rehabilitation agency and four from a nonprofit community rehabilitation organization. The purpose of the study was to determine supervisor perspectives regarding their role in the development of ethical decision making in their supervisees. The emergent construct from the data is termed ethical fluency. Ethical fluency is a cognitive ability representing the interaction between acculturation knowledge, fluid reasoning, and the speed and accuracy with which ethical dilemmas are recognized and processed. Supervisors in this study reported playing a key role in developing ethical fluency in counselors, and the supervisory working alliance was an integral platform from which to approach discussions on ethics. Recommendations for improved practice and future research are provided.
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Joung, Min-Young, i Ji Min Seo. "Development of an Ethical Sensitivity Scale for Clinical Nurses". Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing 27, nr 4 (30.11.2020): 375–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7739/jkafn.2020.27.4.375.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and test the validity and reliability of the Ethical Sensitivity Scale for Clinical Nurses (ESSCN).Methods: 40 items for the preliminary instrument of ESSCN were developed through a literature review and deep interviews with 8 clinical nurses. The scale validation was conducted with a convenience sample of 344 nurses recruited from four general hospitals in Busan and the Gyeongnam area. Content validity, construct validity, criterion validity, convergent validity and discriminative validity were used to evaluate the validity. Cronbach’s ⍺ and test-retest were used to evaluate the reliability of ESSCN.Results: The 36-item ESSCN was found to have eight subscales- patient respect, professional ethics, nursing practice responsibilities, willingness to do good, ethical contemplation, ethical burden, perception of ethical situation and empathy- explaining 61.4% of the total variance. The correlation coefficient between ESSCN and the Korean Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire was .52 (<i>p</i><.001). Criterion-related validity was supported by known-group comparison. The Cronbach's ⍺ reliability coefficient was .92 and test-retest reliability coefficient was .89 (<i>p</i><.001).Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the ethical sensitivity scale is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring ethical sensitivity by clinical nurses.
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Abu Bakar, Hassan, i Stacey L. Connaughton. "Ethical leadership, perceived leader–member ethical communication and organizational citizenship behavior: development and validation of a multilevel model". Leadership & Organization Development Journal 43, nr 1 (11.01.2022): 96–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lodj-07-2021-0356.
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PurposeThis study provides a systematic testing of ethical leadership and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) by examining the underlying mechanisms of leader motivation language on ethics through which ethical leadership influences followers’ OCB at the team level.Design/methodology/approachA multilevel model was validated via with structural equation modeling (SEM) from hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) based on data collected in a Malaysian organization.FindingsThe perceived leader–member ethical communication at the team-level makes a unique contribution beyond the ethical leadership in explaining OCBs.Originality/valuePerceived leader–member ethical communication mediates the relationship between ethical leadership and OCB.
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Strenge, Benjamin, i Thomas Schack. "AWOSE - A Process Model for Incorporating Ethical Analyses in Agile Systems Engineering". Science and Engineering Ethics 26, nr 2 (7.10.2019): 851–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11948-019-00133-z.
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Abstract Ethical, legal and social implications are widely regarded as important considerations with respect to technological developments. Agile Worth-Oriented Systems Engineering (AWOSE) is an innovative approach to incorporating ethically relevant criteria during agile development processes through a flexibly applicable methodology. First, a predefined model for the ethical evaluation of socio-technical systems is used to assess ethical issues according to different dimensions. The second part of AWOSE ensures that ethical issues are not only identified, but also systematically considered during the design of systems based on information and communication technology. For this purpose, the findings from the first step are integrated with approaches from worth-centered development into a process model that, unlike previous approaches to ethical system development, is thoroughly compatible with agile methodologies like Scrum or Extreme Programming. Artifacts of worth-centered development called Worth Maps have been improved to guide the prioritization of development tasks as well as choices among design alternatives with respect to ethical implications. Furthermore, the improved Worth Maps facilitate the identification of suitable criteria for system evaluations in association to ethical concerns and desired positive outcomes of system usage. The potential of the AWOSE methodology has been demonstrated in the context of a technical system (smart glasses for cognitive assistance) that supports elderly and people with particular handicaps.