Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „États émergents”
Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych
Sprawdź 27 najlepszych rozpraw doktorskich naukowych na temat „États émergents”.
Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.
Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.
Przeglądaj rozprawy doktorskie z różnych dziedzin i twórz odpowiednie bibliografie.
Majoul, Amira. "Transmission du cycle économique des Etats Unis au reste du monde : le cas des pays émergents". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO22002/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe issue of international transmission cycles has considerably received attention due to the increasing economic and financial globalization. Our thesis is in line with the literature dedicated to this question. More specifically, we focusour attention on the analysis of the transmission cycle of the United States to emerging countries. It consists of three chapters. The first one, based on a new econometric approach in terms of Global VAR model, aims to study the effect of shocks from the U.S. to emerging countries. The main resultconfirms the idea that the United States plays an important role in the transmission of economic cycles given their weight in the world economy. The second chapter proposes to study the financial transmission of the United States by focusing on the subprime crisis on these countries. The estimation of time varyingtransitionprobability (TVTP) Markov switchingmodel indicates that the persistence of financial stress, the tightening of the conditions of the credit and the increase of the risk of Banking solvency constitute the major determinants of the financial transmission. The US stock market volatility is the key factor transmission channel for all the studied countries. The third chapter is devoted to investigate whether emerging countries are able to adopt countercyclical fiscal policies to mitigate the impact from outside. Using the threshold model with smooth transition panel ( the PSTR model ), this chapter confirms that fiscal policy in emerging countries is procyclicalin the slowdown periodand also when public debt exceeds the critical threshold. Therefore, a strong fiscal position is fundamental to ensure macroeconomic stability
Viaud, François. "Politique monétaire américaine non conventionnelle et pays émergents : dynamique des taux de change et des flux de capitaux". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0110.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe implementation of the U.S. unconventional monetary policy in 2008 coincided with massive capital inflows and exchange rate appreciation for emerging markets. They implicate the Federal Reserve to pursue a « Beggar-thy-neighbor » policy and to create spillovers. In 2013, following the announcement of the « Tapering », some emerging markets suffered from significant financial crises. In this context, this thesis intends to study how the U.S. unconventional monetary policy led to capital flows and exchange rate movements spillovers. As the normalization of this monetary policy is initiated, understanding the international implications of the Federal Reserve's decisions is essential to contain potential risks. For this purpose, we firstly study mechanisms and their impacts on emerging countries by a literature review. We show that the Fed monetary policy caused capital flows and exchange rate spillovers in the last decade. Then, we reveal empirically that the impacts exhibit heterogeneity over time, depend on implementation modalities of the U.S. central bank as well as on the countries. We establish that there is no real symmetrical impacts between accommodative and normalization periods. As a result, the normalization would not lead to capital outflows in emerging countries. Finally, we examine the means that emerging countries can adopt to limit spillovers. We demonstrate that capital controls and macroprudential policies can be efficient to reduce capital inflows. More precisely, the effectiveness of capital controls is conditioned by their accumulation. The more the country adopts it, the more it limits spillovers. Considering macroprudential policies, the intensity of the U.S. monetary policy and the quality of the emerging countries' institutions are two main determinants of their effectiveness
Delcourt, Irène. "Surveiller et guérir : émergence, professionnalisation et déclin d'une première médecine de l'addiction (New York, 1861-1920)". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0146.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe medical management of drug addiction in the United States has become, in the first two decades of the 21st century, of particular interest to historians, sociologists and scientists. In the midst of an unprecedented “opioid epidemic”, this research intends to explore mostly unchartered parts of the long and troubled history of the medicalization of narcotic addiction in the U.S., particularly the emergence in turn-of-the-century New-York of a professional medical specialty, known today as addictology. From the early days of the Gilded Age to the end of the Progressive Era, a small group of self-proclaimed experts, founding fathers of the Inebriety Movement, developed the “disease theory of addiction”, reframing an old vice as a modern pathology and briefly allowing the medical profession to appropriate the problem of narcotic drug dependence. These pioneer addictologists established a professional jurisdiction, an area of expertise and a concrete sphere of influence within the State of New York. The early criminalization of the sale and use of narcotics in the 1910s, however, halted the development of the new profession – as the figure of the "narcomaniac" patient progressively disappeared, giving way to that of the "junkie" criminal, medical authority over drug addiction was questioned, challenged and ultimately impounded for several decades
Eckenschwiller, Maud. "Etude de l’émergence de la collaboration interprofessionnelle au sein du système hospitalier français". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UBFCF009.
Pełny tekst źródłaInterprofessional collaboration (CIP) is at the heart of hospital practices in France. In view of a complex and constantly changing environment, it brings many benefits for patients (Ben Maaouia, 2018; D'Amour & al., 2005), professionals (Brunelle, 2009; Lemieux-Charles & McGuire, 2006) and the organization (Aumais & al., 2012; Nielsen, 2004). However, the mechanisms of its implementation need to be further identified, explored and understood, mainly at the organizational and interactive levels (Dumas & al., 2016; Gheorghiu & Moatty, 2005; Nobre, 2013; Vallejo, 2018). This research work based on the literature’s recommendations to address IPC. These include addressing IPC as a process (Humphrey & Aime, 2014; Kosremelli Asmar and Wacheux, 2007), considering interactions (Lemieux & McGuire, 2006; Ben Maaouia, 2017) and prioritizing its organizational factors (Jacob, 2015; Nolte & Tremblay, 2005; Robidoux, 2007; Sicotte & al., 2002) and its emerging states (Marks & al., 2001; Seeber & al., 2014; Waller & al., 2016).Based on these findings, our research work, articulated in three studies, is based on the following problem: “How to promote the emergence of interprofessional collaboration within the French hospital system?”.To address this problem, we are conducting a literature review that allows us to identify and mobilize two complementary theoretical frameworks. The first is the theoretical framework of the Interdisciplinary Training for Collaborative Practice in Oandasan, D'Amour & al. (2004), which deals in particular with organizational factors. Second, it is the Bedwell & al. (2008) collaborative performance framework dealing with emerging states. On the other hand, we are conducting a qualitative and abductive study with agents of a French hospital group.The main results of our research work is about the identification of the issues of the CIP within French hospitals, about the interactions between organizational factors and the main emerging states of the CIP (trust, cohesion, mutual recognition, willingness to collaborate and leadership) and the contextualization of these different elements.The study opens up new managerial perspectives based on the development of shared mental models for the emergence of IPC.Future perspectives are directed towards the further application of our theoretical framework and our proposal for a framework for managerial reflection to new empirical research
Raynauld, Vincent. "Mise en réseau d'un média émergent : l'utilisation des sources d'information en ligne par les blogues durant la campagne présidentielle américaine en 2004". Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23844/23844.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaCamous, Thierry. "La Rome d'Ancus Marcius : émergence d'une cité-État dans le Latium préétrusque". Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040153.
Pełny tekst źródłaMasoumi, Khazar. "La responsabilité environnementale des Etats : un régime juridique en émergence". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAA001.
Pełny tekst źródłaDespite some authors’ scepticism, the international environmental law can find certain solutions in the law of state responsibility. However, the success of finding such solutions depends on the introduction of a number of environmental considerations to as conditions of state responsibility, its invocation and reparation. Regarding the first, although the state responsibility, which is based on breach of obligations, may lack normative environmental aspect, its preventive role vis-a-vis the environmental harm should not be underestimated. As to the invocation, the positive law has to acknowledge the right of an injured state acting for the collective interest in order to include spaces and species beyond the state’s sovereignty to the law of state responsibility. Regarding the forms of reparation, restitution and compensation must be adapted taking into consideration the importance of environmental restoration towards baseline conditions. However, satisfaction needs to transform into a multiform and flexible form of reparation. For this purpose the present study suggests the biodiversity offset mechanism as a form of satisfaction
Sanchez, Juan Sebastian. "Présence de contaminants émergents dans les eaux potables de dix-neuf municipalités du Centre-Sud du Québec, Canada". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11106.
Pełny tekst źródłaMôme, Pierre-Félix. "Les comptes consolidés en Europe : émergence du modèle européen de la consolidation : problèmatique et mise en oeuvre dans le cadre de l'harmonisation internationale". Nice, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NICE0032.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe european legislator has harmonised the european accouting law but the modelisation actually used is partially in adequation with the objectifs of the law. The actual modelisation is unified in its principles but ununified in its implemetation. It is new because it anticipates the international accounting standards. The implementation of the actual modelisation is partially inefficient or at least unusefull to answer to the desires of the differents users of consolidated statements. It may useful to ameliorate the actual modelisation or even to propose a new one or at least to determine the qualities that an european modelisation of consolidation would have, looking to the fact that this modelisation would have to be efficient for the professionnels and in adequation with the generally accouting principles
Alshammari, Turki. "The composition and characteristics of stockholders in GCC markets, and their response to the released information : an application to credit rating agencies' and Imams' announcements". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0098.
Pełny tekst źródłaWe examine the possible influence of the domination of individual investors on stock markets’ behaviour in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, with respect to the credit rating agencies’ and Imams’ “Islamic scholars” announcements. We assume that the English language used by the international Credit Rating Agencies (CRAs) to publish their news may fail to reduce the asymmetric information in GCC markets, due to the low level of English knowledge amongst the individual investors. We also assume that Sharia law (Islamic law) is an essential characteristic that is likely to affect the formulation of investment decisions in GCC countries. Hence, we suggest, in Saudi Arabia, the Imams’ announcements (the announcements that classify the listed firms in Saudi Stock Exchange to Sharia and non-Sharia compliant firms) are likely to affect the stock prices and the firms’ financial health. Arguing that the religious status of a firm may control the market reaction to CRAs’ decisions, as Sharia legitimacy might come first compared to the default risk. To examine our assumptions, we firstly apply a questionnaire to investigate the behaviour of individual investors in the Saudi market. We tend to investigate how the individual investors reach the financial information concerning the stock market, and how these individuals treat the foreign news (announced in the English language). We find that the majority of individual investors tend to rely only on the Arabic sources and pay attention to the translated news, whereas following the English news directly from the source is appeared to be only amongst the individual investors who understand the English language. Regarding the Imams’ announcements, we also aim in our questionnaire to find out whether the religion factor plays a role in their investment’ decisions, and to which extent the religious status of a firm can affect the individual investors’ desire to hold and purchase its securities. This investigation will allow us to examine whether the religion factor has the power to impact the firms’ financial health in high religious markets, which also allows us to suggest taking into consideration this factor when assessing firms for a credit rating in high religious areas. Based on the survey, the findings indicate an essential role played by the religion amongst the individual investors, where the religion factor is likely to affect the market as much as other financial indicators could do. Secondly, we apply an event study methodology and find positive (negative) abnormal returns following the positive (negative) credit rating events, indicating that the market participants see the positive (negative) rating events as good (bad) news. Interestingly, the stock reaction on markets characterised with lower individual investors’ domination is found to occur faster than on the markets characterised with higher individual investors’ domination. We assume the language used by the CRAs to publish their decisions is likely to be one cause of the lag, due to the low level of English knowledge amongst the individual investors. Then, we use the raw data of a previous Meta-Analysis study with respect to the CRAs’ announcements, to examine the difference in times of reactions in markets located in Anglophone countries and non-Anglophone countries. The results provide insights about a faster response in Anglophone countries than non-Anglophone countries. Furthermore, the event study applied on the Imams’ announcements in the Saudi market proves the influence of the religion factor on the stock prices, as the market immediately reacts positively (negatively) to the Imams’ announcements.Therefore, we suggest that international CRAs should 1- choose the proper language to deliver their opinions (not only in English), and 2- take into consideration the religion factor when assessing firms in high religious areas, especially the ones characterized by a high proportion of individual investors
Diouf, Mamadou. "Du rapport au métier enseignant : le cas des corps émergents dans l'enseignement élémentaire au Sénégal". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG005.
Pełny tekst źródłaSenegal is a developing country marked by very low budgetary resources and a rapid population growth (42.1% of the population are under 15 years) which indicates that a large primary school-aged population. To deal with this concern, state authorities have decided to recruit contractual teachers that would achieve Universal Primary Education (UPE-SPU). An economic policy implemented since 1995 has now become structural as being the only way to become a teacher at the elementary and secondary level. Therefore, classes teachers who are officials and contractual teachers are presently officiated at present in Senegalese elementary schools and do not benefit from the same recruitment method much less the same training (if any) and are two to three times lower paid.This work focuses on the type of new teachers and more particularly to the understanding of the relationship that binds them to the teaching profession they exercise under specific conditions. Our theoretical framework focus on the determinants of the relationship to work (status, social image, professional identity and the relationship to knowledge) and to study the case of contractual teachers through their job choice of, their academic and professional training and finally their representations of the teaching profession. A qualitative and interpretive research that is done in Mbacke, Diourbel whose particularity is to be Senegalese’s 3rd most populated region after the capital Dakar and Thiès, and yet the least educated in the country with a Gross Access Rate (GTR -TBA) 79.9% when it is near 113.0% nationally. This research is based on a socio historical milestone of the Senegalese education system coupled with an interpretation of semi-structured interviews with a sample of 25 respondents composed of inspectors of education, principals, owners, contractors and parents
Courouble-Share, Stéphanie. "Le négationnisme et son émergence dans l'espace public : analyse comparative : France, Angleterre, Allemagne et Etats-Unis (1946-1981)". Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070078.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe denial of the Holocaust is an anti-Semitic and anti-Zionist ideology originating in the second half of the 20th century which dismisses the Jewish genocide by the Nazis. Its adherents posit that the survivors, the "Jewish Conspiracy" and the Allies synchronized their version of events in creating the "lie" of the genocide in order to obtain financial restitutions from Germany and further the creation of Israel. After the end of World War II, deniers' declarations appeared principally in Europe and in North America, undergoing radicalization in the Sixties. In 1979, Holocaust deniers formed an international organization, with the next decades being distinguished by the publicity of this phenomenon and related legal proceedings. Holocaust denial evolves in relation with society. During the above span of fifty years, it appears interesting to observe ail of the reactions of politicians, associations, intellectuals, and media of numerous countries involved, France, Germany, England and the United States. Analysis of the matter necessitates reflection on the genocide's history in the collective conscience of these democracies. When faced with deniers' rhetoric; they are simultaneously confronted with the Nazi crime while some are responsible for it. On several occasions, the phenomenon becomes a political issue, with each controversy pitting the sides against each other in an effort to distinguish themselves from their adversaries. Finally, the issue has been intensified by the fact that where the denial of the Holocaust is concerned, so too is the Jewish genocide, Israel and ultimately Judaism itself, entities linked historically, symbolically and religiously
Gauthier, Maxence. "Etude expérimentale du pouvoir d'arrêt des ions dans la matière tiède et dense: mesure de la distribution des états de charges d'un faisceau d'ions émergeant de la matière tiède et dense". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00877875.
Pełny tekst źródłaMaugain, Géraldine. "La modélisation du procès civil. : émergence d'un schéma procédural en droit interne". Thesis, Dijon, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DIJOD004.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe 20th century has initiated a new dawn for procedure as a tool to defend the rights of the persons subject to trial, a change motivated by a constant care to guarantee the supranational pattern of due process of law. At the end of the century, new stakes focused on more financial aspects also emerged. The efficiency of justice merged with the quality of the judicial decision to create a concept of smooth-running of justice. These common values generated an emerging procedural pattern reflecting the civil justice of the 21st century. At the level of procedural structure, a schism in the contentious stage developed into a strong readiness for trial and a complementary judgment stage. Now, both phases must be preceded by a consensual phase, which is still scarcely used though everyone seeks it. Regarding decision-making, the judge’s role must remain the same, stating the legal position. The main goal is then to give the judge what it takes to fulfil his function through the regression of his minor roles, thus defining more accurately what his original role is
Fakhry, Pascale. "Le film d'horreur hollywoodien au féminin : une étude du genre et de ses personnages principaux féminins à partir de leur émergence dans les années 1970". Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030142.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe birth of the active female main character of the horror film in the 1970s has a significant impact on the genre of horror : this phenomenon prompted the emergence of new sub-genres (the slasher, the woman's horror film, the horror film/family melodrama and the action/horror to whom the Alien series gives birth in the 2000s). These sub-genres differ in their narrative structure, their production mode and the type of audience they address. Each of them grants the leading role to a different type of female character. From 1970 till 2007, the relationship of the female protagonists of horror film to the society in which they live, their body and their sexuality evolves. While in the 1970s, most of the heroic women of the genre are independent women, between 1980 and 1995, they become sacrificial mothers, and from 1996 to 2007, the independent women resurface again but are often single mothers. The ability of these female characters to become heroes or monsters is also affected by their relationship to their body : those who cannot control the "changeable nature" of their biology (i.e. those who become pregnant or have their period) turn into monsters, while those who can contain their bodies and sexual desires survive. The chronological analysis of these sub-genres shows that their discourse on their female main protagonists and the way it evolves are influenced by the different feminist currents that come to birth in the United States from 1970 till 2007 and by the backlash(es) against them
Angebault, Cécile. "Dynamique de la colonisation et émergence de microorganismes résistants au sein des flores commensales d'une population amérindienne vivant isolée en Guyane Française". Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077162.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe thesis focuses on the dynamics of colonization of specific microorganisms and the emergence of resistance using the data of a project conducted over 4 years in an Amerindian tribe of Guiana. First, we focused on the dynamics of intestinal yeast colonization. We observed an unexpected colonization pattern with a high carriage prevalence. Most carriers were colonized with environmental yeasts whereas Candida albicans was rare. Our results may question the position of C. Albicans as a "normal" human commensal. A 2nd work focused on the intestinal colonization with extended-spectrum p-lactamase - producing enterobacteria (ESBL-E). The study evidenced an 8% ESBL-E carriage rate vs. 3% in 2000. This increase was concomitant with a 3-fold increase in the p-lactam consumption and highlighted how the community ESBL-E carriage is associated with antibiotic consumption. Third, we studied thé dynamics of Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization. Overall carriage prevalence was high while persistent carriage prevalence was moderate. No epidemiological factors were associated with carriage but 3 genetic traits were associated. This suggests that host genetic might be determinant for S. Aureus nasal persistent carriage status. Last, we investigated the dynamics of nasal colonization with methicillin- resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MR-CoNS). A high diversity of ccr and mec gene complex associations was observed. 25% of carriers were persistent carriers. No epidemiological factor was associated with persistent carriage. Our results might reflect the important role of the SCN-MR reservoir in the occurrence of SCCmec rearrangement
Velilla, Guardela Jorge. "Déterminants de l’innovation au travail : Le rôle modérateur de la diversité dans les équipes". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0429.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe objective of this dissertation is to study the team-level antecedents of innovation at work, as well as the role of team diversity’s in these relationships. The diversity of team member attributes is generally studied as an input of team outcomes; however, we argue that it can also adopt a more complex contextual role. With the purpose of evaluating the determinants of team innovation, several studies were carried out on: an Italian postal service organization (1) and on an Italian military organization (2). We found a positive relationship between age diversity and team creativity (Chapter 2, Article 1). This relationship was stronger at higher levels of perceived age inclusion climate than at lower levels. Additionally, diversity may also have a moderating effect between team-level factors and innovation. More precisely, a positive relationship was identified between transactive memory system and military unit innovation, and this relationship was moderated by grade diversity (Chapter 3, Article 2). At higher levels of military grade diversity, the effect of transactive memory on innovation became non-significant. Finally, we showed that diversity also moderated the effect of other team-level determinants of innovation. For low levels of team age diversity the elaboration of task-relevant information mediated the relationship between the perceived organizational value of innovation and team innovation (Chapter 4, Article 3). In addition, several analyses and additional studies were carried out with the purpose of studying more precisely the determinants of innovation as well as the role, type, and effects of team diversity. In conclusion, these results show the importance of studying the interactions between diversity and the antecedents of innovation in teams
Bertolin, Aline. "La régulation préventive des marchés : Etude comparée des systèmes juridiques propres aux économies émergentes d’Amérique du sud et aux modèles français et anglo-américain en matière de régulation économique". Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010319.
Pełny tekst źródłaRegulation, as a State or government normative intervention over markets, from general competlt10n, to specific social and economic sectors, has, due to its essence, two arms, preventive and repressive. Such function, due to the multi-semantic use of the term in different legal systems and in diverse scientific milieus, is, nevertheless, a very pliable objet for legal analysis. As we conceive the regulation legal semantic problematic as a dichotomy opposing two types of norms within legal systems: normative or performative norms vs substantive or operational norms, we can distinguish, notwithstanding, amidst this amalgam called regulation, superior regulatory norms, or fundamental positive regulatory law, forming the canvas for the regulatory system, i.e., its principles, its goals, and its "protected interests", but most importantly, creating obligations, or salien, not only to firms and citizens, but to regulators and to States, based on the nature and interest of the object regulated. This approach also makes it possible to envisage operational regulatory norms, or proceduralizing regulation, for regulatory law also is also defined by its own institutions, its procedures, its enforcement, its scope and jurisdiction, thus its substance, from an inductive reasoning. Legal systems concerning emerging economies of South America, more precisely, Argentina, Chile and Brazil, owing a great deal to their quality of hybrid systems, mixing American and French influence in their unique Administrative law order, were successful not only in surviving, but thriving, from what some scholars call legal transplants, performed during the Regulatory Reform. In this quality, they are a very informative case for transdisciplinary studies in Law and Development aiming to define regulation for its main feature: prevention and operationalization of economic fundamental rights
Vinh, Sandrine. "Représentation culturelle, quête identitaire et émergence d'une minorité littéraire dans les romans sino-français et sino-américains". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON30028.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn recent decades (1970-2010) have emerged Chinese French Literature, particularly dominated by fiction. The context of globalization justifies this field of investigation. The novels are written in French by authors of Chinese origin who are looking for an identity that would finally give them legitimacy. This emerging literature has not been studied in France yet. In a comparative perspective, the choice of the other cultural area is the American Born Chinese Literature, or what is known widely in the United States as the Asian American Literature. These novels seem to have common characteristics which allow us to postulate the existence of an emerging literature. The purpose of this comparative analysis is to identify Chinese French Literature and its issues, its thematic, formal and stylistic features, and to outline its evolution
Gendreau, Marc-Antoine. "Le heavy metal érigé en contre-culture dans le cadre du Record Labeling Hearing : une sous-culture en émergence entre stigmatisation et reconnaissance". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30973.
Pełny tekst źródłaChaumette, Boris. "Identification de facteurs biologiques de la transition psychotique". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB046/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaPsychosis is a progressive mental disorder which normally occurs during adolescence in at-risk subjects following a dynamic process termed “psychotic transition”. These at-risk subjects are clinically identifiable but biological data are still insufficient in explaining the onset of psychosis. Throughout this thesis, we aim to identify biological factors implicated in this pathophysiological process. Current hypotheses explaining the psychotic transition favor the interaction between genes and the environment mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. We conducted studies examining methylomic and transcriptomic changes during psychotic transition using molecular biology and bioinformatics techniques at a whole genome scale. Our results suggest that psychotic transition may be linked to methylomic and transcriptomic changes in genes implicated in axon guidance or oxidative stress. These longitudinal changes could be related to environmental factors. Some of these factors could deregulate the hormonal stress response at the earliest phases of psychosis. Indeed, our results show that secretion of basal cortisol is increased in prodromal individuals. Moreover, it is likely that genes and processes regulating epigenetic modifications are also implicated in the individual response to the environment. We have shown the importance of the one-carbon metabolism for at least one sub-group of patients affected by psychosis. Our results should be replicated using other paradigms in order to definitively validate the implication of these various actors in the psychotic transition. If confirmed, knowledge of these biological mechanisms could lead to the development of targeted therapeutics to prevent psychosis in at-risk individuals
Older, Malka. "Organizing after disaster : the (re)emergence of organization within government after Katrina (2005) and the Touhoku Tsunami (2011)". Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IEPP0017.
Pełny tekst źródłaDisasters overwhelm plans and collapse government organizations, which sometimes manage to rebuild into something new. Using the cases of Hurricane Katrina and the tsunami in northeastern Japan, this dissertation looks at how local and meso-government structures reorganize themselves, and at what that tells us about the State’s role in disaster response. Crisis management centers (CMCs) may lose control entirely for part of the response, but in most cases they reorganize and rebuild their way into relevance. Through doing so they express, and to some extent create, the State’s idealized image of itself responding to crisis. Many operational teams start with makeshift organizations, and gradually build more elaborate structures. As the disaster continues and their processes become more routine, operational teams often find themselves faced with decisions for which they have no formal basis, and their choices reflect ad hoc, personal conceptions of the State’s role. While evaluations project professionalism, completeness, and stability, a review of the processes shows that in these cases they were divergent and improvised. There was no standardization across any of the jurisdictions studied. Moreover, most of the reports elided the emergence that had occurred. What we see at all of these levels was a struggle to rebuild a normalcy. There were striking similarities, but also significant variation in the areas that were left undefined by the permanent organization. Disasters both reaffirm government – by demonstrating why stability is to be prized – and threaten it on an existential level. As a result, disaster response is not being treated as a public policy area
Atlan, Henri. "Spinoza et la biologie actuelle". Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H232.
Pełny tekst źródłaOld philosophical problems are raised in renewed ways by advances in biology of today. Most obvious are the problems of relationship between living and non-living, mind and body, error en truth. Spinoza's philosophy, although from 17th century, offers solutions to these problems more relevant than most more recent philosophies. In return, present knowledge from physical and biological sciences, especially cognitive neurosciences, can provide a new look at some specifically Spinozist notions such as his "little physics", Nature as cause of itself, the notion of matter, the essence of a thing, kinds of knowledge, which gain all the more interest from a present day point of view
Noiseux, Yanick. "État, syndicalisme et travail atypique au Québec : une sociologie des absences et des émergences". Thèse, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/1861/1/D1742.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaFadil, Mohamed. "Transformation doctrinale de l'islamisme et émergence du Parti de la Justice et du Développement (PJD) au Maroc : vers un État islamique civique". Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7768.
Pełny tekst źródłaLavallée-Montambault, Bruno. "Le niveau d’autonomie du Brésil durant l’administration Lula (2003-2010) : étude du contexte pour l’action et des stratégies de politique étrangère". Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6186.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe purpose of this thesis is to examine Brazil’s level of autonomy in relation to the United States of America, which is the most powerful country in the western hemisphere. The problematic lies in determining the factors that influenced the level of Brazil’s autonomy during Lula’s administration (2003-2010). These are the proposed hypotheses: first, the context for action may have greatly contributed to an increase in Brazil’s level of autonomy; and second, Brazil's foreign policy strategies may have positively influenced the level of autonomy of the country. The first hypothesis, that concerns the impact of the context for action, will be analyzed in two main parts. First, the international context, which is characterized by the post-9/11 international environment and the emergence of new powers on the international stage, will be studied. Second, the continental context will be analyzed based on the current relationships between the U.S. and Latin America, the latter subcontinent being considered as America’s backyard for a long time. The evaluation of the second hypothesis will be based on three foreign policy strategies established during the Lula administration. The first is the development of South-South relations or, in others words, the horizontalization of relations. The second is the regional strategy of Brazil, which consists of playing a leadership role and promoting political and economic integration in the South American region. The third strategy is to distance itself from the United States by occasionally opposing this powerful nation. We conclude, based on the analysis of our hypotheses, that the level of autonomy of Brazil in relation to the United States increased significantly during the Lula administration.
Chantal, Roromme. "«L’émergence des grandes puissances : pouvoir symbolique et nouveau rôle de la Chine dans le monde après la Guerre froide»". Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18515.
Pełny tekst źródłaChina’s rise within the international system in the post-Cold War era challenges the hegemonic position of the United States and the Western liberal order. In trying to explain this challenge, scholars tend to either focus on Chinese hard power (in particular, its military power) or on its soft power (the attractiveness of its culture and ideology). This thesis develops an alternative Bourdieu-inspired framework addressing symbolic power. It conceptualizes international politics in terms of a symbolic struggle (such as that between orthodoxy and heterodoxy) whose outcome is determined by at least three crucial factors: context, capital and commonplaces. The framework is applied to the analysis of China’s new world role, which is arguably one of the most remarkable developments in modern international relations. The thesis shows that China does not challenge U.S. hegemonic position and the Western liberal order in the conventional sense of material power or ideology, but rather at the symbolic level. The thesis argues that the combination of the three above-mentioned factors has been necessary to China’s worldwide influence : (1) the legitimation crisis of the United States (economically, politically and ideologically), paired with the extraordinary rise of new illiberal powers on the world scene such as China, created a favourable historical context or “condition of possibility”; (2) the huge amount of symbolic capital accumulated by China, not only because of its new status as a great power, but also because of the success of its pragmatic approach to national and international issues, made it become a source of inspiration for countries across the world; (3) the strategic mobilization by China of its symbolic capital, in the form of ‘rhetorical’ commonplaces, greatly contributed to legitimize its power, especially in the eyes of ruling elites in the developing world, thereby dissimulating the asymmetric and arbitrary nature of the Chinese power and relations. Together, these three components -context, capital, and commonplaces- explain the emergence of China as a symbolic power, i.e. the perception that, unlike the United States, China now has the authority to speak the truth and to define causes of and remedies for certain problems and crises. China’s rise challenges the Unites States’ ‘meta-capital’, that is, its monopoly on the production of economic, social, cultural, and symbolic capital. The focus on this symbolic dimension as a ‘weapon’ in the struggle to define and impose the “legitimate vision of the social world and its divisions” reveals a rupture in the conventional practice of great powers politics, pointing to a peaceful transformation of the international system and symbolic diplomacy. It shows that a focus on symbolic power opens promising avenues for the study of change and sources of authority in world politics, traditionally defined as “anarchic”.