Artykuły w czasopismach: „Essences”

1

Bloomer, Kent. "Multiple Essences". Perspecta 22 (1986): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1567091.

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Haight, M. R. "CONDITIONAL ESSENCES". British Journal of Aesthetics 31, nr 1 (1991): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjaesthetics/31.1.48.

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Clarke, Jenni. "Herbal essences…". Early Years Educator 20, nr 10 (2.02.2019): xii—xiii. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/eyed.2019.20.10.xii.

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Livadas, Stathis. "Husserl’s Sachhaltigkeit and the Question of the Essence of Individuals". International Philosophical Quarterly 60, nr 4 (2020): 449–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ipq20201120158.

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Phenomenology can be roughly described as the theory of the pure essences of phenomena. Yet the meaning of essence and of concepts traditionally tied to it (such as the concepts of a priori and of essential necessity) are far from settled. This is especially true given the impact modern science has had on established philosophical views and the need for revisiting certain core notions of philosophy. In this paper I intend to review Husserl’s view on thingness-essence and his conception of the essence of individuals, based mainly in his writings from the time of Logical Investigations, Ideas, and later of Experience and Judgment. Taking account of the work of Lothar Eley in Die Krise des Apriori, among others, I will inquire into the ways in which phenomenology may undermine (one could even say fully “destroy”) the view of essences as non-factual, as well as undermine their ontological priority. Doing so may help to shape a conception of material or formal individual essences and generally of essences as concrete objects of experience in virtue of well-defined epistemic ones.

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LARSEN, PETER D. "Are there Forms of Sensible Qualities in Plato?" Journal of the American Philosophical Association 4, nr 2 (2018): 225–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/apa.2018.21.

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AbstractThis paper addresses the question of whether, according to Plato, there are forms of sensible qualities; it is also addressed to the wider question of whether there are forms of physical and material things more generally. In particular, it considers the tension raised by the following theses: (1) a Platonic form is the essence of some thing; (2) for Plato those essences that are forms are imperceptible and are knowable through reasoning alone; (3) knowing the essence of a particular color (e.g., red) requires presentation with the relevant perceptible quality and hence requires sense perception; and (4) if a sense perceptible quality has an essence, then that essence is a form. The solution I defend to this puzzle basically consists of accepting theses (1) through (3) but denying thesis (4). Sensible qualities, according to Plato, do have essences, but specifying their essences does not require that one postulate a separate form.

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Shalkowski, Scott A. "Essence and Being". Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 62 (25.06.2008): 49–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135824610800057x.

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In ‘Two Notions of Being: Entity and Essence’ E. J. Lowe defends “serious essentialism”. Serious essentialism is the position that (a) everything has an essence, (b) essences are not themselves things, and (c) essences are the ground for metaphysical necessity and possibility. Lowe's defence of serious essentialism is both metaphysical and epistemological. In what follows I use Lowe's discussion as a point of departure for, first, adding some considerations for the plausibility of essentialism and, second, some work on modal epistemology.

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O’Neill, John. "Essences and Markets". Monist 78, nr 3 (1995): 258–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/monist199578314.

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Stépanoff, Charles. "Saillances et essences". L'Homme, nr 200 (21.11.2011): 175–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/lhomme.22891.

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B�natou�l, Thomas. "Faits ou essences ?" Cahiers philosophiques N�151, nr 4 (2017): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/caph1.151.0105.

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Thomasson, Amie L. "Husserl on Essences". Grazer Philosophische Studien 94, nr 3 (8.08.2017): 436–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18756735-09403008.

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The common thought that Husserl was committed to a Platonist ontology of essences, and to a mysterious epistemology that holds that we can ‘intuit’ these essences, has contributed substantially to his work being dismissed and marginalized in analytic philosophy. This paper aims to show that it is misguided to dismiss Husserl on these grounds. First, the author aims to explicate Husserl’s views about essences and how we can know them, in ways that make clear that he is not committed to a traditional Platonism, or a mystical epistemology. Second, the author argues that Husserl’s approach was an important source for Carnap in “Empiricism, Semantics, and Ontology”, where Carnap tried to overcome the empiricists’ qualms about referring to abstracta. Finally, the author will argue that Husserl’s approach can be reconstructed in contemporary analytic terms by appeal to the idea of pleonastic transformations. By seeing both Husserl’s views and their influences on later analytic work more clearly, the hope is to build bridges and make clear that the approach is of lasting value and interest.

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White, Sheldon H. "Essences of Childhood". Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 33, nr 1 (styczeń 1988): 19–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/025274.

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Heil, John. "KINDS AND ESSENCES". Ratio 18, nr 4 (grudzień 2005): 405–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9329.2005.00302.x.

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Mumford, Stephen. "KINDS, ESSENCES, POWERS". Ratio 18, nr 4 (grudzień 2005): 420–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9329.2005.00303.x.

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Bird, Alexander. "LAWS AND ESSENCES". Ratio 18, nr 4 (grudzień 2005): 437–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9329.2005.00304.x.

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Dendoncker, Morgane, Daouda Ngom i Caroline Vincke. "TREE DYNAMICS (1955-2012) AND THEIR USES IN SENEGAL’S FERLO REGION: INSIGHTS FROM A HISTORICAL VEGETATION DATABASE, LOCAL KNOWLEDGE AND FIELD INVENTORIES". BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 326, nr 326 (18.12.2015): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2015.326.a31281.

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Les écosystèmes sahéliens sont soumis à des pressions anthropiques et climatiques croissantes, avec des conséquences durables pour la végétation ligneuse. Les arbres jouent un rôle vital pour la population locale, et leur pérennité doit être assurée. La présente étude vise à caractériser la végétation ligneuse, ses utilisations et sa dynamique sur le long terme (1955-2012) dans la région sablonneuse du Ferlo au Sénégal, dans une zone anthropisée à proximité de deux forages. En 2012, des inven- taires ont été réalisés dans 30 placettes, ainsi que des enquêtes auprès d’éleveurs issus de 30 camps sur la dynamique de la végétation et l’utilisation des essences. Une base de don- nées historique a permis d’obtenir des don- nées complémentaires sur l’évolution de la diversité des essences ligneuses depuis 1955. Par ailleurs, une étude de la bibliographie a permis de recenser toutes les utilisations potentielles des essences. Ces données ont été analysées pour en extraire la dynamique des services d’approvisionnement, en calcu- lant des indices d’utilisation pour les essences et des indices de services pour l’écosystème. En 2012, pour un couvert arboré de 3 % et une diversité spécifique de 12 essences diffé- rentes, les peuplements étaient dominés par deux essences sahéliennes, Balanites aegyp- tiaca et Boscia senegalensis. Le rapport entre arbres jeunes et adultes atteignait 70,5 %, ce qui pouvait indiquer un bon équilibre des essences dans les peuplements, mais 95 % des jeunes plants correspondaient à trois essences seulement, Balanites aegyptiaca, Boscia senegalensis et Acacia tortilis. Concer- nant la valorisation des différentes essences, les plus couramment utilisées étaient B. aegyptiaca et B. senegalensis, mais aussi A. senegal, une essence rare, Adansonia digitata et Ziziphus mauritiana. Les données indiquent un déclin de la diversité spécifique et du nombre de jeunes arbres entre 1955 et 2012, accompagné d’une proportion croissante d’es- sences sahéliennes. Les indices d’utilisation et de service suggèrent une dégradation des services d’approvisionnement, ce qui pourrait indiquer une vulnérabilité croissante de ces écosystèmes.

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Ujvári, Márta. "Explanation and Individual Essence". European journal of analytic philosophy 13, nr 2 (9.07.2018): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31820/ejap.13.2.2.

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In this paper I show that a novel ontic reading of explanation, intending to capture the de re essential features of individuals, can support the qualitative view of individual essences. It is argued further that the putative harmful consequences of the Leibniz Principle (PII) and its converse for the qualitative view can be avoided, provided that individual essences are not construed in the style of the naïve bundle theory with set-theoretical identity- conditions. Adopting either the more sophisticated two-tier BT or, alternatively, the neo-Aristotelian position of taking essences as natures in the Aristotelian sense, can help to evade these main charges against the qualitative view. The functional parallels with the alternative haecceitistic view of individuation and individual essence will also be considered.

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Voss, Daniela. "Intensity and the Missing Virtual: Deleuze's Reading of Spinoza". Deleuze Studies 11, nr 2 (maj 2017): 156–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/dls.2017.0260.

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Deleuze's interpretation of Spinozan philosophy is intrinsically related to the concept of intensity. Attributes are defined as intensive qualities, modal essences as intensive quantities or degrees of power; the life of affects corresponds to continuous variations in intensity. This essay will show why Deleuze needs the concept of intensity for his reading of Spinozan philosophy as a philosophy of expressive immanence. It will also discuss the problems that spring from this reading: in what way, if any, are modal essences modified by the intensive variations of affects? How can the Spinozan conception of eternal modal essences be reconciled with the idea of affections of essence? What is the ethical import of the life of existing modes, when modal essences are considered as eternal? While these questions, in particular the last two, confront each commentator on Spinoza and demand a solution in one way or another, the essay will conclude with a question which is posed from an exclusively Deleuzian perspective: why is the concept of the virtual, which takes centre stage in Deleuze's own philosophy of immanence, missing in his account of Spinoza?

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Dortier, Jean-François, i Louisa Yousfi. "La sciences des essences". Les Grands Dossiers des Sciences Humaines N° 29, nr 12 (1.12.2012): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/gdsh.029.0004.

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Enç, Berent. "Essentialism without Individual Essences". Midwest Studies in Philosophy 11 (1986): 403–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4975.1986.tb00506.x.

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Livanios, Vassilios. "Symmetries, dispositions and essences". Philosophical Studies 148, nr 2 (7.01.2009): 295–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11098-008-9328-8.

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De Rosa, Raffaella, i Otávio Bueno. "Descartes on Mathematical Essences". ProtoSociology 25 (2008): 160–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/protosociology20082510.

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Howdyshell, Stanford. "The Essences of Objects: Explicating a Theory of Essence in Object-Oriented Ontology". Open Philosophy 3, nr 1 (19.01.2020): 01–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opphil-2020-0001.

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AbstractIn this paper, I will discuss the need for a theory of essences within Object-Oriented Ontology (OOO) and then formulate one. I will do so by drawing on Graham Harman’s work on OOO and Martin Heidegger’s thought on the essence of being, presented in his Introduction to Metaphysics. Harman touches on essences, describing them as the tension between a withdrawn object and its withdrawn qualities, but fails to distinguish between essential and inessential qualities within this framework. To fill in the gaps, I will turn to Heidegger’s explication of phusis in order to show that an essential aspect of being is how one enters into causal relations and continually reveals oneself to other beings. In bringing OOO and Heidegger together, I will find that each object has a unique way of exerting itself in the world and that the domestic relations that make up this unique profile are essential to it, while other domestic relations, those that do not influence its particular way of exerting itself, are inessential. Thus, the essence will be found to be the set of domestic relations that make up the determinate form, or unique causal profile, of the object.

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Tèwogbade Akpona, Jean Didier, Achille Ephrem Assogbadjo, Adandé Belarmain Fandohan i Romain Glèlè Kakaï. "Inventory and multicriteria approach to identify priority commercial timber species for conservation in Benin". BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 333 (28.11.2017): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2017.333.a31461.

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Diverses essences forestières, dont certaines sont menacées, sont exploitées pour leur bois, légalement ou non. Les essences prioritaires pour la conservation à long terme doivent donc être définies. La présente étude a permis de réaliser un inventaire des essences exploitées au Bénin et d’identifier les essences prioritaires pour lesquelles des actions urgentes de conservation et de restauration sont nécessaires. Des recherches bibliographiques complétées par des entretiens avec différentes parties prenantes ont été menées afin de recueillir les données requises pour dresser une liste exhaustive des essences prioritaires. Dix critères et quatre méthodes de priorisation ont été utilisés. Au final, l’approche a retenu 10 essences parmi les 15 essences prioritaires définies par chacune des méthodes. Au total, 24 espèces végétales ont été identifiées, appartenant à 9 familles : Fabacées (25 %), Malvacées (20,83 %), Méliacées (16,67 %), Combrétacées (8,33 %), Moracées (8,33 %), Verbénacées (8,33 %), Ébénacées (4,17 %), Rutacées (4,17 %) et Myrtacées (4,17 %). Des mesures de conservation et de restauration sont préconisées d’urgence pour les 10 essences prioritaires ainsi retenues.

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Kamal, Muhammad. "Individual Essences in Avicenna’s Metaphysics". Open Journal of Philosophy 04, nr 01 (2014): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojpp.2014.41004.

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Wang, Jennifer. "The Essences of Fundamental Properties". Metaphysics 2, nr 1 (2019): 40–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/met.29.

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Tsybrova, Anna Viacheslavivna. "THEORETICALJUSTIFICATIONOF ESSENCES OF ELECTRONIC COMMERCE". SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN OF POLISSIA, nr 2(21) (2020): 170–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2410-9576-2020-2(21)-170-177.

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Abstract. Today, commerce is undergoing radical changes as a result of active introduction of new digital technologies that have changed the basic principles of the above field over the past ten year of the whole field of trade, which is developing very rapidly around the world.Thisdeterminestherelevanceofresearchtodeepentheoreticalandmethodologicalprovisionsof its development.Within the article, the issue of defining the essence of the category "e-commerce" is considered. It is noted that active development of this type of commerce in the world actualizes this area of research and determines the importance of deepening theoretical and methodological provisions of e-commerce, the formation of appropriate institutional support to intensify its further functioning. In the article, based on the application of the method of the content analysis, concepts of the essence consideration of "e-commerce" available in the scientific literature are singled out and analyzed. The presence of a significant number of such approaches has been established, which has determined the need to systematize them in separate areas. Thus, five holistic, generalized groups of conceptshave been identified for scientists to interpret the essence of e-commerce, namely: functional, interactive, structural, component and static. Within the article, the essence of each of the concepts is analyzed, and its own understanding of the content ofthe category "e-commerce" is offered: е-commerceisaseparatetypeofe-business, theessenceofwhichistheformationanddevelopmentofeconomicrelationsbetweeneconomicagentsintheprocessofselling, purchasinggoodsandservicesontheInternet,theuseofdigitalmarketingtechnologiesfortheirsale, electronicsystemstopayfortheirvalue in order to meet the demand for these goods and services and to make profit.

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Majolino, Claudio. "Les « essences » des Recherches logiques". Revue de métaphysique et de morale 49, nr 1 (2006): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rmm.061.0089.

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Jones, Jan-Erik. "Lockean Real Essences and Ontology". Southwest Philosophy Review 32, nr 2 (2016): 137–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/swphilreview201632246.

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Cobum, Robert C. "Individual Essences and Possible Worlds". Midwest Studies in Philosophy 11 (1986): 165–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4975.1986.tb00493.x.

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Snook, Ivan. "Contexts and essences: Indoctrination Revisited". Educational Philosophy and Theory 21, nr 1 (styczeń 1989): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-5812.1989.tb00123.x.

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Devitt, Michael. "Species Have (Partly) Intrinsic Essences". Philosophy of Science 77, nr 5 (grudzień 2010): 648–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/656820.

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Scott, David. "Preface: Essences of the Real". Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 17, nr 3 (1.11.2013): vii—x. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-2378883.

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Harré, Rom. "Chemical Kinds and Essences Revisited". Foundations of Chemistry 7, nr 1 (2005): 7–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:foch.0000042885.93975.69.

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Roca-Royes, Sonia. "Essential Properties and Individual Essences". Philosophy Compass 6, nr 1 (styczeń 2011): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-9991.2010.00364.x.

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Mehta, Satwant Kaur. "ORAL FLOWER ESSENCES FOR ADHD". Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 41, nr 8 (sierpień 2002): 895. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-200208000-00005.

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Horrigan, Joseph P. "ORAL FLOWER ESSENCES FOR ADHD". Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 41, nr 8 (sierpień 2002): 895–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-200208000-00006.

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Raskin, Jonathan D. "On essences in constructivist psychology." Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology 31, nr 4 (listopad 2011): 223–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0025006.

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MacDonald, Cynthia. "Constitutive properties, essences, and events". Philosophia 16, nr 1 (kwiecień 1986): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02381050.

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Walker, Morton. "Flower Essences: Bach and Beyond". Alternative and Complementary Therapies 6, nr 4 (sierpień 2000): 184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/10762800050115130.

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Kishima, Haruhiko, Satoru Oshino i Toshiki Yoshimine. "Essences of Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus". Japanese Journal of Neurosurgery 25, nr 3 (2016): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7887/jcns.25.229.

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Bradley, S. W., i G. R. A. Short. "Natural flavouring materials and essences". Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry 56, nr 46 (8.09.2010): 1018–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5000564602.

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Sayer, Andrew. "Essentialism, Social Constructionism, and beyond". Sociological Review 45, nr 3 (sierpień 1997): 453–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-954x.00073.

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Anti-essentialism has criticised a range of targets, from cultural essentialism and biological reductionism to causal explanation and foundationalism, and concerning topics ranging from markets to ‘race’, identity and sexuality. The paper assesses these diverse lines of critique. Some social phenomena, like identities, clearly do not have essences, but it does not follow from this that other phenomena we study do not have essences or something like them. While a strong, or deterministic essentialism is always wrong and often dangerously misleading, a moderate, non-deterministic essentialism is necessary for explanation and for a social science that claims to be critical and have emancipatory potential. The concept of essence is problematic, but not for some of the epistemological and ontological reasons put forward by anti-essentialism. Strong variants of social constructionism are liable to invert rather than resolve the problems of strong essentialism, including those of its biological reductionist guises. While it may be best to avoid concepts of essences which assume that the distinguishing and generative properties of objects must coincide, we still need to distinguish classes of objects and identify causal powers which enable and constrain what those objects can do.

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Zeckhauser, Richard. "Distinguished Fellow: Reflections on Thomas Schelling". Journal of Economic Perspectives 3, nr 2 (1.05.1989): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.3.2.153.

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Thomas Crombie Schelling thinks about the essence of phenomena. He distills such essences and demonstrates their presence in many important social phenomena. We shall chronicle three stages of his life, designated by the titles of his books: The Strategy of Conflict (1960); Micromotives and Macrobehavior (1978); and Choice and Consequence (1984).

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Stępień, Tomasz. "There are two roads marked out to us for the discovery of what we seek… Eunomius’ arguments on the generation of the Son based on the concepts of substance and activity". Vox Patrum 68 (16.12.2018): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vp.3334.

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Eunomius of Cyzicus in his writings defends Arian understanding of the generation of the Son of God. He claims that the generation must be perceived as creation of the new essence. Therefore, the Son of God is the first creation and could not be equal with the Father. Among many arguments that he gives to support his thesis, he also evokes the distinction between essence (oÙs…a) and activity (™nšrgeia). Eunomius proposes his own methodology and states that there are two ways leading to proper understanding of generation. First one leads form the recognizing of the essence of God to conclusions on the generation, which is the activity of the Father. Another way of demonstration starts from the activities and allows distinguishing essences according to the products that they have caused. Eunomius underlines that both ways of enquiry lead to an irrefutable conclusion that the Father and the Son cannot have the same essence. Moreover, he claims that there could be no likeness between the two essences of the Father and the Son. The goal of this article is to review Eunomius’ arguments from the viewpoint of their effectiveness and proposed methodology. The orthodox answer of Basil the Great and Gregory of Nyssa are the context of reviewing Neo- Arian claims.

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Chester, Verity, Julia McCathie, Marian Quinn, Lucy Ryan, Jason Popple, Camilla Loveridge i Jamie Spall. "Clinician experiences of administering the Essen Climate Evaluation Schema (EssenCES) in a forensic intellectual disability service". Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities 9, nr 2 (2.03.2015): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/amhid-06-2014-0024.

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Purpose – Social climate (ward atmosphere) affects numerous treatment outcomes. The most commonly used measure is the Essen Climate Evaluation Schema (EssenCES) (Schalast et al., 2008). Though studies have investigated the psychometric properties of EssenCES in intellectual disability populations, few have focused on the clinical utility, or accessibility of the measure. The purpose of this paper is to examine clinician's experiences of using this measure with this population. Design/methodology/approach – Clinicians experienced in administering EssenCES with forensic intellectual disability patients completed an open-ended questionnaire, which sought qualitative data on their experiences of using EssenCES with this population. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings – A number of issues were raised regarding use of EssenCES with patients with intellectual disability. Four overarching themes arose: Understanding of Language, Commenting on Others, Understanding of Likert Scale, and Scale Positives and Adaptation. Clinicians felt certain items were not uniformly understood by all patients, particularly those that incorporated abstract concepts, double negatives, or complex language. Originality/value – Results suggest forensic intellectual disability patients vary in their ability to understand EssenCES items. This resulted in significant further explanation by the administering clinician, a practice which raised concern regarding reliability. Results provide preliminary evidence to indicate EssenCES use requires further consideration in intellectual disability services, or adaptation for this client group.

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Han, Yu. "The Essences and Stabilities of Substances". IOSR Journal of Applied Physics 08, nr 04 (kwiecień 2016): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/4861-0804017483.

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Edwards, Sandra. "Aquinas on Individuals and their Essences". Philosophical Topics 13, nr 2 (1985): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philtopics198513228.

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Edwards, Jim. "Cartesian Dualism and Knowledge of Essences". Seventeenth-Century French Studies 10, nr 1 (styczeń 1988): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/c17.1988.10.1.191.

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Tougas, Cecile T. "How rejection of essences expresses despair". Journal of Analytical Psychology 44, nr 3 (lipiec 1999): 309–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1465-5922.00098.

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BRADDOCK, R. J., i D. R. PETRUS. "MALONALDEHYDE IN AQUEOUS ORANGE JUICE ESSENCES". Journal of Food Science 36, nr 7 (28.06.2008): 1095–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1971.tb03354.x.

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