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1
Shores, Mark. "The Alert Collector: Collection Development in an Era of "Fake News:". Reference & User Services Quarterly 57, nr 3 (16.03.2018): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.57.3.6601.
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This Alert Collector column for RUSQ’s special issue “Trusted Information in an Age of Uncertainty” is not going to be the usual list of great resources to add to your collection. In fact, despite a broadly distributed call for Alert Collector columns for this special issue, no one took me up. I do not blame them! At the suggestion of the editor of RUSQ, I decided to put together a “think” piece on fake news as it relates to collection development. I am not going to propose any radical or innovative approaches to how librarians develop collections for the purpose of battling fake news. I do not feel such an approach is possible. What I do want to do in this column is reaffirm and highlight things that I know many of my colleagues are already doing and have been trying to do since the dawn of collection building in libraries.—Editor
2
Schuler, Douglas. "How might SIGCAS make history in the next era?" ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society 49, nr 1 (22.01.2021): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3447892.3447894.
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The title of this column comes from the parting provocation in my column in the previous SIGCAS Newsletter (48: 3-4). Besides reducing the burden of coming up with a new title it actually does describe this essay reasonably well. Fancy that!
3
Cruz, Jorge. "Este Cavalheiro era João Semana". Acta Médica Portuguesa 27, nr 1 (28.02.2014): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.5287.
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Lamamri, Abdelkader, i Mohammed Hachama. "Approximate solution of the shortest path problem with resource constraints and applications to vehicle routing problems". Electronic Research Archive 31, nr 2 (2022): 615–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/era.2023030.
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<abstract><p>Vehicle routing problem (VRP) is a fundamental combinatorial optimization and integer programming problem with several important applications. The VRP is usually solved by using branch-and-bound techniques requiring solving a shortest path problem with resource constraints (SPPRC) and the determination of a lower bound, which can be computed by using column generation. The SPPRC entails finding the minimum cost elementary path in a valuated graph that is subject to constraints on resource consumption. The proposed exact solutions to this hard NP-hard problem require an excessive computation time which increases with the number of resources. In this paper, we propose a new approximate resolution of the SPPRC for acyclic and cyclic graphs. Our method is based on a Lagrangian relaxation of a subset of the constraints and using dominance only on a subset of the resources. This reduces the search space and allows users to efficiently compute solutions used to improve the column generation procedure. Extensive evaluation and comparison to the classical exact method show that the proposed algorithm achieves a good compromise between efficiency and quality of the SPPRC and the VRP solutions. Thus, our method can be used for practical large-scale VRP applications.</p></abstract>
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Hastie, Amelie. "The Vulnerable Spectator". Film Quarterly 72, nr 1 (2018): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2018.72.1.58.
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This entry of the “Vulnerable Spectator” column draws upon Jennifer Fox's autobiographical film The Tale (2018), which struggles with the filmmaker's memories of the 1970s, in order to reconsider the 1974 film Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore (dir. Martin Scorsese). Situating Alice within the history of women's contributions to US commercial film production and feminist film theory, Hastie argues both for a recognition of Ellen Burstyn's authorial role in regard to the film and for a more expansive theoretical and historiographic practice in relation to the era. This column kicks off a series of VS columns that will revisit U.S. films of the 1970s in order to understand their historical, theoretical, and contemporary relevance.
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Braesicke, P., C. Brühl, M. Dameris, R. Deckert, V. Eyring, M. A. Giorgetta, E. Mancini i in. "A model intercomparison analysing the link between column ozone and geopotential height anomalies in January". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 8, nr 9 (9.05.2008): 2519–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-2519-2008.
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Abstract. A statistical framework to evaluate the performance of chemistry-climate models with respect to the interaction between meteorology and column ozone during northern hemisphere mid-winter, in particularly January, is used. Different statistical diagnostics from four chemistry-climate models (E39C, ME4C, UMUCAM, ULAQ) are compared with the ERA-40 re-analysis. First, we analyse vertical coherence in geopotential height anomalies as described by linear correlations between two different pressure levels (30 and 200 hPa) of the atmosphere. In addition, linear correlations between column ozone and geopotential height anomalies at 200 hPa are discussed to motivate a simple picture of the meteorological impacts on column ozone on interannual timescales. Secondly, we discuss characteristic spatial structures in geopotential height and column ozone anomalies as given by their first two empirical orthogonal functions. Finally, we describe the covariance patterns between reconstructed anomalies of geopotential height and column ozone. In general we find good agreement between the models with higher horizontal resolution (E39C, ME4C, UMUCAM) and ERA-40. The Pacific-North American (PNA) pattern emerges as a useful qualitative benchmark for the model performance. Models with higher horizontal resolution and high upper boundary (ME4C and UMUCAM) show good agreement with the PNA tripole derived from ERA-40 data, including the column ozone modulation over the Pacfic sector. The model with lowest horizontal resolution does not show a classic PNA pattern (ULAQ), and the model with the lowest upper boundary (E39C) does not capture the PNA related column ozone variations over the Pacific sector. Those discrepancies have to be taken into account when providing confidence intervals for climate change integrations.
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Qu, Yuanhang, Tiancheng Luo, Zhiwei Wen, Min Wei, Xiyu Gu, Xiang Chen, Yang Zou, Yao Cai, Yan Liu i Chengliang Sun. "Aluminum Nitride-Based Adjustable Effective Electromechanical Coupling Coefficient Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator". Micromachines 14, nr 1 (7.01.2023): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14010157.
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The arrival of the 5G era has promoted the need for filters of different bandwidths. Thin-film bulk acoustic resonators have become the mainstream product for applications due to their excellent performance. The Keff2 of the FBAR greatly influences the bandwidth of the filter. In this paper, we designed an AlN-based adjustable Keff2 FBAR by designing parallel capacitors around the active area of the resonator. The parallel capacitance is introduced through the support column structure, which is compatible with conventional FBAR processes. The effects of different support column widths on Keff2 were verified by finite element simulation and experimental fabrication. The measured results show that the designed FBAR with support columns can achieve a Keff2 value that is 25.9% adjustable.
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Li, F., R. S. Stolarski i P. A. Newman. "Stratospheric ozone in the post-CFC era". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 8, nr 6 (3.12.2008): 20223–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-8-20223-2008.
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Abstract. Vertical and latitudinal changes in the stratospheric ozone in the post-chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) era are investigated using simulations of the recent past and the 21st century with a coupled chemistry-climate model. Model results reveal that, in the 2060s when the stratospheric halogen loading is projected to return to its 1980 values, the extratropical column ozone is significantly higher than that in 1975–1984, but the tropical column ozone does not recover to 1980 values. Upper and lower stratospheric ozone changes in the post-CFC era have very different patterns. Above 15 hPa ozone increases almost latitudinally uniformly by 6 Dobson Unit (DU), whereas below 15 hPa ozone decreases in the tropics by 8 DU and increases in the extratropics by up to 16 DU. The upper stratospheric ozone increase is a photochemical response to greenhouse gas induced strong cooling, and the lower stratospheric ozone changes are consistent with enhanced mean advective transport due to a stronger Brewer-Dobson circulation. The model results suggest that the strengthening of the Brewer-Dobson circulation plays a crucial role in ozone recovery and ozone distributions in the post-CFC era.
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Li, F., R. S. Stolarski i P. A. Newman. "Stratospheric ozone in the post-CFC era". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 9, nr 6 (24.03.2009): 2207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-2207-2009.
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Abstract. Vertical and latitudinal changes in the stratospheric ozone in the post-chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) era are investigated using simulations of the recent past and the 21st century with a coupled chemistry-climate model. Model results reveal that, in the 2060s when the stratospheric halogen loading is projected to return to its 1980 values, the extratropical column ozone is significantly higher than that in 1975–1984, but the tropical column ozone does not recover to 1980 values. Upper and lower stratospheric ozone changes in the post-CFC era have very different patterns. Above 15 hPa ozone increases almost latitudinally uniformly by 6 Dobson Unit (DU), whereas below 15 hPa ozone decreases in the tropics by 8 DU and increases in the extratropics by up to 16 DU. The upper stratospheric ozone increase is a photochemical response to greenhouse gas induced strong cooling, and the lower stratospheric ozone changes are consistent with enhanced mean advective transport due to a stronger Brewer-Dobson circulation. The model results suggest that the strengthening of the Brewer-Dobson circulation plays a crucial role in ozone recovery and ozone distributions in the post-CFC era.
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Feng, W., M. P. Chipperfield, M. Dorf i K. Pfeilsticker. "Mid-latitude ozone changes: studies with a 3-D CTM forced by ERA-40 analyses". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 6, nr 4 (17.07.2006): 6695–722. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-6-6695-2006.
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Abstract. We have used an off-line three-dimensional (3-D) chemical transport model (CTM) to study long-term changes in stratospheric O3. The model was run from 1977–2004 and forced by ECMWF ERA-40 and operational analyses. Model runs were performed to examine the impact of increasing halogens and additional stratospheric bromine from short-lived source gases. The analyses capture much of the observed interannual variability in column ozone, but there are also unrealistic features. In particular the ERA-40 analyses cause a large positive anomaly in northern hemisphere (NH) column O3 in the late 1980s. Also, the change from ERA-40 to operational winds at the start of 2002 introduces abrupt changes in some model fields which affect analysis of trends. The model reproduces the observed column increase in NH mid-latitudes from the mid 1990s. Analysis of a run with fixed halogens shows that this increase is not due to a significant decrease in halogen-induced loss, i.e. is not an indication of recovery. The model predicts only a small decrease in halogen-induced loss after 1999. In the upper stratosphere, despite the modelled turnover of chlorine around 1999, O3 does not increase to the effects of increasing ECMWF temperatures, decreasing modelled CH4 at this altitude, and abrupt changes to the SH temperatures at the end of the ERA-40 period. The impact of an additional 5 pptv stratospheric bromine from short-lived species decreases mid-latitude column O3 by about 10 DU. However, the impact on the modelled relative O3 anomaly is generally small except during periods of large volcanic loading.
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Feng, W., M. P. Chipperfield, M. Dorf, K. Pfeilsticker i P. Ricaud. "Mid-latitude ozone changes: studies with a 3-D CTM forced by ERA-40 analyses". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 7, nr 9 (9.05.2007): 2357–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-2357-2007.
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Abstract. We have used an off-line three-dimensional (3-D) chemical transport model (CTM) to study long-term changes in stratospheric O3. The model was run from 1977–2004 and forced by ECMWF ERA-40 and operational analyses. Model runs were performed to examine the impact of increasing halogens and additional stratospheric bromine from short-lived source gases. The analyses capture much of the observed interannual variability in column ozone, but there are also unrealistic features. In particular the ERA-40 analyses cause a large positive anomaly in northern hemisphere (NH) column O3 in the late 1980s. Also, the change from ERA-40 to operational winds at the start of 2002 introduces abrupt changes in some model fields (e.g. temperature, ozone) which affect analysis of trends. The model reproduces the observed column increase in NH mid-latitudes from the mid 1990s. Analysis of a run with fixed halogens shows that this increase is not due to a significant decrease in halogen-induced loss, i.e. is not an indication of recovery. The model predicts only a small decrease in halogen-induced loss after 1999. In the upper stratosphere, despite the modelled turnover of chlorine around 1999, O3 does not increase because of the effects of increasing ECMWF temperatures, decreasing modelled CH4 at this altitude, and abrupt changes in the SH temperatures at the end of the ERA-40 period. The impact of an additional 5 pptv stratospheric bromine from short-lived species decreases mid-latitude column O3 by about 10 DU. However, the impact on the modelled relative O3 anomaly is generally small except during periods of large volcanic loading.
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Costa, Elisabete Da Silva. "A bruxa na Elegia I, 8 de Ovídio: representação do imaginário literário ou popular?" CODEX – Revista de Estudos Clássicos 1, nr 1 (16.07.2009): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.25187/codex.v1i1.2842.
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<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Na elegia I, 8, Ovídio apresenta a personagem da lena. A lena era uma figura que não só povoava o imaginário literário latino – temos exemplos dessa personagem nas elegias de Tibulo e Propércio – como também era uma figura real, fazendo parte do mundo da prostituição. Ela, geralmente, era uma velha, a qual algumas jovens, cortesãs de alto nível e que gozavam de luxo e certa considerações, consultavam. Ela costumava aconselhar essas moças para que arrumassem amantes ricos, ensinando-as a serem refinadas e a explorarem sabiamente os seus encantos e talentos. Elas sabiam essas coisas porque “eram, em geral, ex-cortesãs, cujos encantos foram levados pela idade e procuravam lucrar com os amores de suas protegidas”, afirma Pierre Grimal (1991: 146). </span></p></div></div></div>
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Redi, Miriam, i Xavier Alameda-Pineda. "Opinion column: Fairness, accountability and transparency (in multimedia)". ACM SIGMultimedia Records 11, nr 3 (wrzesień 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3524460.3524462.
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The inclusiveness and transparency of automatic information processing methods is a research topic that exhibited growing interest in the past years. In the era of digitized decision-making software where the push for artificial intelligence happens worldwide and at different strata of the socio-economic tissue, the consequences of biased, unexplainable and opaque methods for content analysis can be dramatic.
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Eva, Nicole, i Erin Shea. "Amplify Your Impact: Marketing Libraries in an Era of “Fake News”". Reference & User Services Quarterly 57, nr 3 (16.03.2018): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.57.3.6599.
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In keeping with this month’s theme of trustworthy information, the editors of this column have written about the ways that libraries have capitalized on the currency of this topic to market themselves and their information literacy programs.—Editors
15
Cha, Ju-Hwan, i Young-Jae Kim. "Rethinking the Proportional Design Principles of Timber-Framed Buddhist Buildings in the Goryeo Era". Religions 12, nr 11 (10.11.2021): 985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12110985.
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This study examines how the wooden architecture of the Goryeo Dynasty in Korea evolved in an original way while incorporating Chinese architectural principles. For the Goryeo Era’s timber-framed buildings, eave purlin height was determined according to √2H times the eave column height (H), while the eave column height influenced the proportional location of each purlin, determined by the √2H times decrease rate in the cross-section. Thus, eave column height was proportionately connected to a geometric sequence with a common ratio of √2H. This technical approach, achieved using an L-square ruler and a drawing compass, contributed to determining eave purlin and ridge post placement, bracket system height, and outermost bay width. This study notes that the practical works were consistently preserved in East Asian Buddhist architecture, in that a universal rule of proportion was applied to buildings constructed during the Tang–Song and the Goryeo Dynasties, surmounting differences in local construction methods. These design principles were a vestige of socio-cultural exchange on the East Asian continent and a minimal step toward the establishment of structurally safe framed buildings.
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Morton, Timothy. "Guest Column: Queer Ecology". PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 125, nr 2 (marzec 2010): 273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2010.125.2.273.
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nearer than breathing, closer than hands and feet—George Morrison, “The Reawakening of Mysticism”Ecological criticism and queer theory seem incompatible, but if they met, there would be a fantastic explosion. How shall we accomplish this perverse, Frankensteinian meme splice? I'll propose some hypothetical methods and frameworks for a field that doesn't quite exist—queer ecology. (The pathbreaking work of Catriona Sandilands, Greta Gaard, and the journal Undercurrents must be acknowledged here.) This exercise in hubris is bound to rattle nerves and raise hackles, but please bear with me on this test flight. Start with the basics. Let's not create this field by comparing literary-critical apples and oranges. Let's do it the hard way, up from foundations (or unfoundations). Let's do it in the name of ecology itself, which demands intimacies with other beings that queer theory also demands, in another key. Let's do it because our era requires it—we are losing touch with a fantasy Nature that never really existed (I capitalize Nature to make it look less natural), while we actively and passively destroy life-forms inhabiting and constituting the biosphere, in Earth's sixth mass extinction event. Giving up a fantasy is even harder than giving up a reality.
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Middleton, Blackford. "Chairman's column: health informatics and healthcare transformation—entering the post-EMR era". Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 21, nr 6 (listopad 2014): 1141–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/amiajnl-2014-003337.
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Goren, Shiri. "’The Trump Era is Here, and I Finally Feel at Home‘ – Sayed Kashua in Illinois". IYUNIM Multidisciplinary Studies in Israeli and Modern Jewish Society 36 (25.12.2021): 123–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.51854/bguy-36a126.
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In early July 2014, the Israeli-Palestinian author Sayed Kashua declared in his popular Hebrew column in the Ha’aretz newspaper that he is done with Jerusalem, that he has moved to the United States for good and is never coming back. Despite this emotional statement and his decision to give up on Israel, Kashua continued to write his popular weekly column for over three years mostly from his new place of residence in the midwestern city of Champaign, in Illinois, a location vastly different from the Jerusalem he left behind. Using theories of migration and transnational writing to examine Kashua’s non-fictional Hebrew and English works during this period I argue that there is tension between the character Kashua assumes for his Israeli readership and the one he assumes when writing for an American audience. These fictional personae relate differently to the move to the US and the possibility of returning to Israel. Moreover, Kashuua’s Israeli persona continues to write from a minority position whereas his American counterpart, despite concerted efforts, cannot avoid identifying with white privilege. The article then traces the dissolution of Kashua’s dual personae to his decision in November 2017 to stop writing the weekly column.
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Braesicke, P., C. Brühl, M. Dameris, R. Deckert, V. Eyring, M. A. Giorgetta, E. Mancini i in. "A model intercomparison analysing the link between ozone and geopotential height anomalies in January". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 7, nr 6 (2.11.2007): 15409–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-7-15409-2007.
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Abstract. A statistical framework to evaluate the performance of chemistry-climate models with respect to the interaction between meteorology and ozone during northern hemisphere mid-winter, in particularly January, is used. Different statistical diagnostics from four chemistry-climate models (E39C, ME4C, UMUCAM, ULAQ) are compared with the ERA-40 re-analysis. First, we analyse vertical coherence in geopotential height anomalies as described by linear correlations between two different pressure levels (30 and 200 hPa) of the atmosphere. In addition, linear correlations between (partial) column ozone and geopotential height anomalies at 200 hPa are discussed to motivate a simple picture of the meteorological impacts on ozone on interannual timescales. Secondly, we discuss characteristic spatial structures in geopotential height and (partial) column ozone anomalies as given by their first two empirical orthogonal functions. Finally, we describe the covariance patterns between reconstructed anomalies of geopotential height and (partial) column ozone. In general we find good agreement between the models with higher horizontal resolution (E39C, ME4C, UMUCAM) and ERA-40. Some diagnostics seem to be capable of picking up model similarities (either that the models use the same dynamical core (E39C, ME4C), or that they have a high upper boundary (ME4C, UMUCAM)). The methodology allows to identify the leading modes of variability contributing to the overall ozone-geopotential height correlations and points to interesting differences between the chemistry-climate models and ERA-40. Those discrepancies have to be taken into account when providing confidence intervals for climate change integrations.
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Breddels, Maarten A., i Jovan Veljanoski. "Vaex: big data exploration in the era of Gaia". Astronomy & Astrophysics 618 (październik 2018): A13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201732493.
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We present a new Python library, called vaex, intended to handle extremely large tabular datasets such as astronomical catalogues like the Gaia catalogue, N-body simulations, or other datasets which can be structured in rows and columns. Fast computations of statistics on regular N-dimensional grids allows analysis and visualization in the order of a billion rows per second, for a high-end desktop computer. We use streaming algorithms, memory mapped files, and a zero memory copy policy to allow exploration of datasets larger than memory, for example out-of-core algorithms. Vaex allows arbitrary (mathematical) transformations using normal Python expressions and (a subset of) numpy functions which are “lazily” evaluated and computed when needed in small chunks, which avoids wasting of memory. Boolean expressions (which are also lazily evaluated) can be used to explore subsets of the data, which we call selections. Vaex uses a similar DataFrame API as Pandas, a very popular library, which helps migration from Pandas. Visualization is one of the key points of vaex, and is done using binned statistics in 1d (e.g. histogram), in 2d (e.g. 2d histograms with colourmapping) and 3d (using volume rendering). Vaex is split in in several packages: vaex-core for the computational part, vaex-viz for visualization mostly based on matplotlib, vaex-jupyter for visualization in the Jupyter notebook/lab based in IPyWidgets, vaex-server for the (optional) client-server communication, vaex-ui for the Qt based interface, vaex-hdf5 for HDF5 based memory mapped storage, vaex-astro for astronomy related selections, transformations, and memory mapped (column based) FITS storage.
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Curran, Evonne T. "Outbreak Column 22: How to manage an outbreak". Journal of Infection Prevention 19, nr 5 (24.11.2017): 244–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757177417739682.
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This outbreak column uses the Health Protection Scotland (HPS) Outbreak Process and Algorithm to examine and reflect on a published outbreak report. The report involved an extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in an oncology unit. High-reliability theory is then used to reflect on how the outbreak was managed and consider how best to improve local outbreak prevention, preparedness, detection and management. The conclusion of this exercise is that if the possibility of an era of untreatable infections caused by antibiotic-resistant organisms is to be significantly postponed, Infection Prevention and Control Teams must improve their ability to get others to prevent cross-transmission in the absence of recognised risks.
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Yu, Haijun, i Zhiyong Qian. "Editorial of Special Column on A New Era of Nanobiomaterial-based Drug Delivery". Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 12, nr 9 (wrzesień 2022): 3453–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsb.2022.08.002.
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Grossi, M., P. Valks, D. Loyola, B. Aberle, S. Slijkhuis, T. Wagner, S. Beirle i R. Lang. "Total column water vapour measurements from GOME-2 MetOp-A and MetOp-B". Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 8, nr 3 (5.03.2015): 1111–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-1111-2015.
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Abstract. Knowledge of the total column water vapour (TCWV) global distribution is fundamental for climate analysis and weather monitoring. In this work, we present the retrieval algorithm used to derive the operational TCWV from the GOME-2 sensors aboard EUMETSAT's MetOp-A and MetOp-B satellites and perform an extensive inter-comparison in order to evaluate their consistency and temporal stability. For the analysis, the GOME-2 data sets are generated by DLR in the framework of the EUMETSAT O3M-SAF project using the GOME Data Processor (GDP) version 4.7. The retrieval algorithm is based on a classical Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) method and combines a H2O and O2 retrieval for the computation of the trace gas vertical column density. We introduce a further enhancement in the quality of the H2O total column by optimizing the cloud screening and developing an empirical correction in order to eliminate the instrument scan angle dependencies. The overall consistency between measurements from the newer GOME-2 instrument on board of the MetOp-B platform and the GOME-2/MetOp-A data is evaluated in the overlap period (December 2012–June 2014). Furthermore, we compare GOME-2 results with independent TCWV data from the ECMWF ERA-Interim reanalysis, with SSMIS satellite measurements during the full period January 2007–June 2014 and against the combined SSM/I + MERIS satellite data set developed in the framework of the ESA DUE GlobVapour project (January 2007–December 2008). Global mean biases as small as ±0.035 g cm−2 are found between GOME-2A and all other data sets. The combined SSM/I-MERIS sample and the ECMWF ERA-Interim data set are typically drier than the GOME-2 retrievals, while on average GOME-2 data overestimate the SSMIS measurements by only 0.006 g cm−2. However, the size of these biases is seasonally dependent. Monthly average differences can be as large as 0.1 g cm−2, based on the analysis against SSMIS measurements, which include only data over ocean. The seasonal behaviour is not as evident when comparing GOME-2 TCWV to the ECMWF ERA-Interim and the SSM/I+MERIS data sets, since the different biases over land and ocean surfaces partly compensate each other. Studying two exemplary months, we estimate regional differences and identify a very good agreement between GOME-2 total columns and all three data sets, especially for land areas, although some discrepancies (bias larger than ±0.5 g cm−2) over ocean and over land areas with high humidity or a relatively large surface albedo are observed.
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Aurand, Don, i Gina Coelho. "Using Laboratory, Mesocosm, and Field Data In Ecological Risk Assessments for Nearshore Dispersant Use". International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1999, nr 1 (1.03.1999): 1023–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1999-1-1023.
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ABSTRACT In the United States, pre-approval for dispersant use exists only in conservatively defined circumstances of water depth and/or distance off shore. Historical records suggest that most opportunities for dispersant use will occur closer to shore and in shallower water than defined in existing pre-approval areas. The issue is to determine when it is appropriate to relax these standards in order to protect sensitive nearshore habitats, despite the potential for increased ecological effects in the water column. This paper reviews selected data in the context of Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) protocols. In some cases onshore impacts are clearly decreased by dispersant use without adversely affecting the water column. This is especially true for small- or moderate-sized spills, often not viewed as a high priority for dispersant use. In other cases, however, trade-off decisions must be made, and when the ERA approach is properly integrated into oil spill response process, it can improve the likelihood of proper use of dispersants, and assist in the identification of appropriate dispersant response capabilities.
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Marchesi, S., X. Zhao, N. Torres-Albà, M. Ajello, M. Gaspari, A. Pizzetti, J. Buchner i in. "Compton-thick AGN in the NuSTAR Era. VIII. A joint NuSTAR–XMM-Newton Monitoring of the Changing-look Compton-thick AGN NGC 1358". Astrophysical Journal 935, nr 2 (1.08.2022): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac80be.
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Abstract We present the multi-epoch monitoring with NuSTAR and XMM-Newton of NGC 1358, a nearby Seyfert 2 galaxy whose properties made it a promising candidate X-ray changing-look active galactic nucleus (AGN), i.e., a source whose column density could transition from its 2017 Compton-thick (having LOS hydrogen column density N H,LOS > 1024 cm−2) state to a Compton-thin (N H,LOS < 1024 cm−2) one. The multi-epoch X-ray monitoring confirmed the presence of significant N H,LOS variability over timescales of weeks to years, and allowed us to confirm the changing-look nature of NGC 1358, which has most recently been observed in a Compton-thin status. Multi-epoch monitoring with NuSTAR and XMM-Newton is demonstrated to be highly effective in simultaneously constraining three otherwise highly degenerate parameters: the torus average column density and covering factor, and the inclination angle between the torus axis and the observer. We find a tentative anticorrelation between column density and luminosity, which can be understood under the framework of chaotic cold accretion clouds driving recursive AGN feedback. The monitoring campaign of NGC 1358 has proven the efficiency of our newly developed method to select candidate N H,LOS-variable, heavily obscured AGN, which we plan to soon extend to a larger sample to better characterize the properties of the obscuring material surrounding accreting supermassive black holes, as well as to constrain AGN feeding models.
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Perro, Christopher, Glen Lesins, Thomas J. Duck i Maria Cadeddu. "A microwave satellite water vapour column retrieval for polar winter conditions". Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 9, nr 5 (20.05.2016): 2241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-2241-2016.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract. A new microwave satellite water vapour retrieval for the polar winter atmosphere is presented. The retrieval builds on the work of Miao et al. (2001) and Melsheimer and Heygster (2008), employing auxiliary information for atmospheric conditions and numerical optimization. It was tested using simulated and actual measurements from the Microwave Humidity Sounder (MHS) satellite instruments. Ground truth was provided by the G-band vapour radiometer (GVR) at Barrow, Alaska. For water vapour columns less than 6 kg m−2, comparisons between the retrieval and GVR result in a root mean square (RMS) deviation of 0.39 kg m−2 and a systematic bias of 0.08 kg m−2. These results are compared with RMS deviations and biases at Barrow for the retrieval of Melsheimer and Heygster (2008), the AIRS and MIRS satellite data products, and the ERA-Interim, NCEP, JRA-55, and ASR reanalyses. When applied to MHS measurements, the new retrieval produces a smaller RMS deviation and bias than for the earlier retrieval and satellite data products. The RMS deviations for the new retrieval were comparable to those for the ERA-Interim, JRA-55, and ASR reanalyses; however, the MHS retrievals have much finer horizontal resolution (15 km at nadir) and reveal more structure. The new retrieval can be used to obtain pan-Arctic maps of water vapour columns of unprecedented quality. It may also be applied to measurements from the Special Sensor Microwave/Temperature 2 (SSM/T2), Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit B (AMSU-B), Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS), Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS), and Chinese MicroWave Humidity Sounder (MWHS) instruments.
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Cheng, Po-Yu, Hung-Yi Liao, Chia-Hung Kuo i Yung-Chuan Liu. "Enhanced Erinacine A Production by Hericium erinaceus Using Solid-State Cultivation". Fermentation 7, nr 3 (5.09.2021): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7030182.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Hericium erinaceus (HE) is a large edible medicinal fungus. Erinacine A (ErA) is a secondary metabolite presented in the mycelia of HE, with pharmacological effects as a nerve growth factor on the central nervous system. In this study, solid-state cultivation of HE was carried out in Petri dishes and glass jars for the production of mycelial biomass and ErA. The potato dextrose agar (PDA) had the highest mycelial biomass at an optimal temperature of 25 °C, but no ErA was found in the agar media. In glass jar cultivation, the mycelial biomass and specific yield of ErA in different substrates, particle sizes, substrate weights, nitrogen sources, and inorganic salts were investigated. The ErA was purified by a self-pack silica gel column and a semi-preparative HPLC and was identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer. The best conditions for solid-state cultivation of HE when using corn kernel as substrate, particle size less than 2.38 mm, and addition of 10mM ZnSO4, 7H2O, mycelial biomass of 50.24 mg cell dry weight/g substrate was obtained, in addition, the specific yield of ErA could reach 165.36 mg/g cell dry weight.
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Baroody, Katelyn. "Breaking Out While Staying In". Journal of New Librarianship 7, nr 1 (22.01.2022): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33011/newlibs/11/8.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This column explores the library community’s increased use of virtual escape rooms during the COVID-19 pandemic. These activities are appealing because of their low cost, adaptability, and potential to engage patrons across demographics. The author describes her experience planning and executing a virtual escape room for undergraduate library orientation, and discusses the future of library escape rooms beyond the pandemic era.
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Felkey, Bill G., i Brent I. Fox. "Automating Medication Reconciliation". Hospital Pharmacy 43, nr 10 (październik 2008): 843–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1310/hpj4310-843.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Due to the increase of developments that are moving and intensifying the health care field's transformation into a digital era, we feel it is appropriate to broaden our regular column, PDA Update, which previously focused on the implementation of personal digital assistants (PDAs) in pharmacy practice. We will now include viewpoints and recommendations on a broader array of information technology topics.
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Traina, A., S. Marchesi, C. Vignali, N. Torres-Albà, M. Ajello, A. Pizzetti, R. Silver i in. "Compton-Thick AGN in the NuSTAR ERA VII. A joint NuSTAR, Chandra, and XMM-Newton Analysis of Two Nearby, Heavily Obscured Sources". Astrophysical Journal 922, nr 2 (29.11.2021): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac1fee.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract We present the joint Chandra, XMM-Newton, and NuSTAR analysis of two nearby Seyfert galaxies, NGC 3081 and ESO 565-G019. These are the only two having Chandra data in a larger sample of 10 low-redshift (z ≤ 0.05), candidates Compton-thick (CT) Active Galactic Nuclei selected in the 15–150 keV band with Swift-BAT that were still lacking NuSTAR data. Our spectral analysis, performed using physically motivated models, provides an estimate of both the line-of-sight (l.o.s.) and average (N H,S ) column densities of the two torii. NGC 3081 has a Compton-thin l.o.s. column density N H,z = [0.58–0.62] × 1024 cm−2, but the N H,S , beyond the CT threshold (N H,S = [1.41–1.78] × 1024 cm−2), suggests a “patchy” scenario for the distribution of the circumnuclear matter. ESO 565-G019 has both CT l.o.s. and N H,S column densities (N H,z > 2.31 × 1024 cm−2 and N H,S > 2.57 × 1024 cm−2, respectively). The use of physically motivated models, coupled with the broad energy range covered by the data (0.6–70 keV and 0.6–40 keV, for NGC 3081 and ESO 565-G019, respectively) allows us to constrain the covering factor of the obscuring material, which is C TOR = [0.63–0.82] for NGC 3081, and C TOR = [0.39–0.65] for ESO 565-G019.
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Douglass, Anne R., Susan E. Strahan, Luke D. Oman i Richard S. Stolarski. "Multi-decadal records of stratospheric composition and their relationship to stratospheric circulation change". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, nr 19 (12.10.2017): 12081–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12081-2017.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract. Constituent evolution for 1990–2015 simulated using the Global Modeling Initiative chemistry and transport model driven by meteorological fields from the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 2 (MERRA-2) is compared with three sources of observations: ground-based column measurements of HNO3 and HCl from two stations in the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC, ∼ 1990–ongoing), profiles of CH4 from the Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS, 1992–2005), and profiles of N2O from the Microwave Limb Sounder on the Earth Observing System satellite Aura (2005–ongoing). The differences between observed and simulated values are shown to be time dependent, with better agreement after ∼ 2000 compared with the prior decade. Furthermore, the differences between observed and simulated HNO3 and HCl columns are shown to be correlated with each other, suggesting that issues with the simulated transport and mixing cause the differences during the 1990s and that these issues are less important during the later years. Because the simulated fields are related to mean age in the lower stratosphere, we use these comparisons to evaluate the time dependence of mean age. The ongoing NDACC column observations provide critical information necessary to substantiate trends in mean age obtained using fields from MERRA-2 or any other reanalysis products.
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Zhao, Chunhui, Chengxin Zhang, Jinan Lin, Shuntian Wang, Hanyang Liu, Hongyu Wu i Cheng Liu. "Variations of Urban NO2 Pollution during the COVID-19 Outbreak and Post-Epidemic Era in China: A Synthesis of Remote Sensing and In Situ Measurements". Remote Sensing 14, nr 2 (17.01.2022): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14020419.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Since the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020, China’s air pollution has been significantly affected by control measures on industrial production and human activities. In this study, we analyzed the temporal variations of NO2 concentrations during the COVID-19 lockdown and post-epidemic era in 11 Chinese megacities by using satellite and ground-based remote sensing as well as in situ measurements. The average satellite tropospheric vertical column density (TVCD) of NO2 by TROPOMI decreased by 39.2–71.93% during the 15 days after Chinese New Year when the lockdown was at its most rigorous compared to that of 2019, while the in situ NO2 concentration measured by China National Environmental Monitoring Centre (CNEMC) decreased by 42.53–69.81% for these cities. Such differences between both measurements were further investigated by using ground-based multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) remote sensing of NO2 vertical profiles. For instance, in Beijing, MAX-DOAS NO2 showed a decrease of 14.19% (versus 18.63% by in situ) at the ground surface, and 36.24% (versus 36.25% by satellite) for the total tropospheric column. Thus, vertical discrepancies of atmospheric NO2 can largely explain the differences between satellite and in situ NO2 variations. In the post-epidemic era of 2021, satellite NO2 TVCD and in situ NO2 concentrations decreased by 10.42–64.96% and 1.05–34.99% compared to 2019, respectively, possibly related to the reduction of the transportation industry. This study reveals the changes of China’s urban NO2 pollution in the post-epidemic era and indicates that COVID-19 had a profound impact on human social activities and industrial production.
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Castanheira, J. M., T. R. Peevey, C. A. F. Marques i M. A. Olsen. "Relationships between Brewer-Dobson circulation, double tropopauses, ozone and stratospheric water vapour". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, nr 21 (6.11.2012): 10195–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-10195-2012.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract. Statistical relationships between the variability of the area covered by double tropopause events (DTs), the strength of the tropical upwelling, the total column ozone and of the lower stratospheric water vapour are analyzed. The QBO and ENSO signals in the double tropopause and tropical upwelling as well as their influence on the statistical relationships are also presented. The analysis is based on both reanalysed data (ERA-Interim) and satellite data. Significant anticorrelations were found between the area covered by DTs and the total column ozone in the midlatitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. This relationship is confirmed by a large positive correlation between the areas covered by ozone laminae and double tropopause events as found in the HIRDLS satellite dataset. Significant anticorrelations were also found between the global area of double tropopause events and the near global (50° S–50° N) water vapour in the lower stratosphere. The correlations of DT variables with total column ozone and ozone laminae are both consistent with the poleward displacement of tropical air with lower ozone mixing ratio and with tropospheric intrusions of tropical tropospheric air into the lower extratropical stratosphere. The association of DTs with the poleward displacements of the tropical air is also consistent with a strong positive correlation between the area covered by DTs and the wave activity in the lower most stratosphere, between the first and second lapse rate tropopauses, as found in the ERA-Interim reanalysis. Finally, a significant anticorrelation was found between the tropical upwelling and the near global lower stratospheric water vapour. Moreover, the step like decrease in the lower stratospheric water vapour after 2001 is mirrored by a step like increase in the tropical upwelling.
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Guzmán, Lissette, Vagner Anabor, Luiz Angelo Steffenel i Damaris Kirsch Pinheiro. "Estudo numérico e observacional de um evento de diminuição da coluna total de ozônio de origem tropical no Sul do Brasil". Ciência e Natura 42 (25.09.2020): e5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x55305.
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A depletion event of 11% of the total ozone column over South Brazil was analyzed from observational data and numerical simulations. The meteorological fields resulting from the simulation did not show the presence of subtropical or polar jets over the study region. The real and simulated soundings showed the dryness at high and low tropospheric levels, pointing a stratospheric intrusion. The total ozone column values from ERA-5 reanalyses showed the maintenance of a region with low total ozone values in tropical latitudes and its advance over the study region, before and during the depletion event. The isentropic retro-trajectories of air parcels at different levels, obtained with the Hybrid Single Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model (HYSPLIT), confirmed the zonal transport from the tropical region over Southern Brazil. A combination of a cyclonic circulation at the 850 K stratospheric isentropic level and an intense anticyclonic circulation at the 440 K tropospheric level, over the depletion region, was identified as responsible for the tropopause lift and horizontal transport of ozone-rich air out of the column.
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van der A, R. J., M. A. F. Allaart i H. J. Eskes. "Extended and refined multi sensor reanalysis of total ozone for the period 1970–2012". Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 8, nr 7 (30.07.2015): 3021–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-3021-2015.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract. The ozone multi-sensor reanalysis (MSR) is a multi-decadal ozone column data record constructed using all available ozone column satellite data sets, surface Brewer and Dobson observations and a data assimilation technique with detailed error modelling. The result is a high-resolution time series of 6-hourly global ozone column fields and forecast error fields that may be used for ozone trend analyses as well as detailed case studies. The ozone MSR is produced in two steps. First, the latest reprocessed versions of all available ozone column satellite data sets are collected and then are corrected for biases as a function of solar zenith angle (SZA), viewing zenith angle (VZA), time (trend), and stratospheric temperature using surface observations of the ozone column from Brewer and Dobson spectrophotometers from the World Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation Data Centre (WOUDC). Subsequently the de-biased satellite observations are assimilated within the ozone chemistry and data assimilation model TMDAM. The MSR2 (MSR version 2) reanalysis upgrade described in this paper consists of an ozone record for the 43-year period 1970–2012. The chemistry transport model and data assimilation system have been adapted to improve the resolution, error modelling and processing speed. Backscatter ultraviolet (BUV) satellite observations have been included for the period 1970–1977. The total record is extended by 13 years compared to the first version of the ozone multi sensor reanalysis, the MSR1. The latest total ozone retrievals of 15 satellite instruments are used: BUV-Nimbus4, TOMS-Nimbus7, TOMS-EP, SBUV-7, -9, -11, -14, -16, -17, -18, -19, GOME, SCIAMACHY, OMI and GOME-2. The resolution of the model runs, assimilation and output is increased from 2° × 3° to 1° × 1°. The analysis is driven by 3-hourly meteorology from the ERA-Interim reanalysis of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) starting from 1979, and ERA-40 before that date. The chemistry parameterization has been updated. The performance of the MSR2 analysis is studied with the help of observation-minus-forecast (OmF) departures from the data assimilation, by comparisons with the individual station observations and with ozone sondes. The OmF statistics show that the mean bias of the MSR2 analyses is less than 1 % with respect to de-biased satellite observations after 1979.
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Osman, Chinar, Tristan Clark, Boyd Ghosh i Christopher Halfpenny. "TABES DORSALIS IN THE POST ANTIBIOTIC ERA: NEVER SAY NEVER". Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 86, nr 11 (14.10.2015): e4.123-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2015-312379.34.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
BackgroundTabes dorsalis is a neurological form of tertiary syphilis and is considered to be rare in the post antibiotic era. It results from damage to nerve cells in the dorsal column and roots of the spinal cord. It is characterised by sensory ataxia, lightening pains and urinary incontinence. If left untreated it can progress to paralysis and dementia.Case summaryWe present the case of an HIV positive 47 year old male with a CD4 count of 400 and an undetectable viral load on HAART. He presented with an 8 month history of progressively severe lightening pains, gait disturbance, tinnitus, hearing loss, and urinary incontinence. He had a positive plasma VDRL with a titre of 1:32, and his CSF was VDRL positive. Whole spine MRI scan demonstrated high signal in the dorsal cord with associated atrophy. He was treated with intravenous benzylpenicillin 2.4 grams 4 hourly for 14 days. Follow up at 4 and 8 months demonstrated marked clinical improvement with a falling serum VRDL titre. Repeat LP at 6 month post treatment demonstrated VDRL negativity.DiscussionTabes Dorsalis may still occur in the post antibiotic era. Early recognition and appropriate treatment can lead to good clinical outcomes.
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Gudin, Cristina. ",,Columna lui Traian”. O pagină din istoria presei românești". Arhivele Olteniei 36 (23.12.2022): 69–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.59277/ao.36.05.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
„Trajan's Column”, the magazine founded by Bogdan Petriceicu Hașdeu in 1870, has been contributing to improving the cultural level of its readers for almost a decade. The profile of the magazine has changed over time, after only a few years the political articles giving way to cultural controversies with Titu Maiorescu and his protégés promoted in „Literary Conversations”. However, beyond the dispute with the Junimists, politicians and the monarchy, the magazine has constantly promoted folk creations and cultured literature. Special attention was paid to history and linguistics as „Trajan's Column” became a cultural and scientific journal. Many pages have been dedicated to historical studies, etymological analysis, document editing. There is no lack of articles with medical and economic content, or information about the scientific projects of Romanian and foreign historians and linguists. At the same time, the readers were informed about the new editorials, as well as the quality of the most recent specialized works, which are the subject of competent reviews. „Trajan's Column” was a reference magazine in the Romanian publishing landscape in the modern era, cultivating the interest of contemporaries for the historical past, but also for literary creations.
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van der A, R. J., M. A. F. Allaart i H. J. Eskes. "Extended and refined multi sensor reanalysis of total ozone for the period 1970–2012". Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 8, nr 3 (24.03.2015): 3283–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-8-3283-2015.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract. The ozone multi-sensor reanalysis (MSR) is a multi-decadal ozone column data record constructed using all available ozone column satellite datasets, surface Brewer and Dobson observations and a data assimilation technique with detailed error modelling. The result is a high-resolution time series of 6 hourly global ozone column fields and forecast error fields that may be used for ozone trend analyses as well as detailed case studies. The ozone MSR is produced in two steps. First, the latest reprocessed versions of all available ozone column satellite datasets are collected, and are corrected for biases as function of solar zenith angle, viewing angle, time (trend), and stratospheric temperature using Brewer/Dobson ground measurements from the World Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation Data Centre (WOUDC; http://www.woudc.org/). Subsequently the debiased satellite observations are assimilated within the ozone chemistry and data assimilation model TMDAM driven by meteorological analyses of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The MSR2 (MSR version 2) reanalysis upgrade described in this paper consists of an ozone record for the 43 year period 1970–2012. The chemistry-transport model and data assimilation system have been adapted to improve the resolution, error modelling and processing speed. BUV satellite observations have been included for the period 1970–1977. The total record is extended with 13 years compared to the first version of the ozone multi sensor reanalysis, the MSR1. The latest total ozone retrievals of 15 satellite instruments are used: BUV-Nimbus4, TOMS-Nimbus7, TOMS-EP, SBUV-7, -9, -11, -14, -16, -17, -18, -19, GOME, SCIAMACHY, OMI and GOME-2. The resolution of the model runs, assimilation and output is increased from 2° x 3° to 1° x 1°. The analysis is driven by three-hourly meteorology from the ERA-interim reanalysis of ECMWF starting from 1979, and ERA-40 before that date. The chemistry parameterization has been updated. The performance of the MSR2 analysis is studied with the help of observation-minus-forecast (OmF) departures from the data assimilation, by comparisons with the individual station observations and with ozone sondes. The OmF statistics show that the mean bias of the MSR2 analyses is less than 1% with respect to debiased satellite observations after 1979.
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Ahmed, Fiaz, i Courtney Schumacher. "Spectral Signatures of Moisture–Convection Feedbacks over the Indian Ocean". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 75, nr 6 (30.05.2018): 1995–2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-17-0138.1.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract Positive feedbacks between the cloud population and the environmental moisture field are central to theoretical expositions on the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO). This study investigates the statistical incidence of positive moisture–convection feedbacks across multiple space and time scales over the tropical Indian Ocean. This work uses vertically integrated moisture budget terms from the ECMWF interim reanalysis [ERA-Interim (ERA-I)] in a framework proposed by Hannah et al. Positive moisture–convection feedbacks are primarily a low-frequency, low-wavenumber phenomenon with significant spectral signatures in the 32–48-day time scale. The efficacy of these feedbacks, however, is subject to horizontal moisture advection variations, whose relative importance varies with scale. Wave-filtered Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite precipitation is used to show that these moisture–convection feedbacks contribute more to moisture increases in the MJO than in other equatorial waves. A moving-window correlation analysis suggests that instances of moisture–convection feedbacks are more frequent in drier conditions, when column water vapor (CWV) is below its climatological mean value, with the implication that positive moisture–convection feedbacks shape the mean CWV field by moistening drier air columns, but that they are less effective in moistening already moist environments. Ground radar observations show that stratiform rain damps local CWV increases on short time scales (<2 days) and therefore precludes positive moisture–convection feedbacks in high-CWV environments. Vertical coherence structures from ERA-I confirm that relatively bottom-heavy cloud ensembles (i.e., peaks between 700 and 850 hPa) are more effective in inducing low-frequency positive moisture–convection feedbacks than ensembles with other vertical structures. Low-frequency horizontal advective drying damps moisture increases and is strongly coherent with upper-level rising motion.
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Susastro, Susastro, Ardi Noerpamoengkas, Miftahul Ulum i Gatot Setyono. "Performance Analysis of Wind Power Generation Models Using Oscillating Water Column". JRST (Jurnal Riset Sains dan Teknologi) 4, nr 2 (24.11.2020): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/jrst.v4i2.6020.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
In this global era there are many resources that can be used one of them is, renewable resources such as sea waves. waves can be used as a generated of electrical energy. electrical energy that utilizes the occurrence of sea waves now can be applied in developed and developing countries. One method of conversion that can be done to convert wave energy into electrical energy is by using an oscillating water column. In this research, the turbine of oscillating water column was made using turbine wells with variations in rotation at 40, 50 and 58.3 rpm. the results it’s power of turbine, power of generator and efficiency system. The method used is the experimental method by testing the prototype using a low water wave on a laboratory scale. The results obtained from the experiment are that the electric power at the maximum load generated by the generator is 0.002875 Watt at a rotation of 50 rpm. While the lowest electric power at maximum load is 0.0004 W with a rotation of 40 rpm. The maximum efficiency of the system at load is 4.691% which occurs at a rotation of 50 rpm
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Hamdani, Haris, Muhammad Zulfadhli, Ferawaty Puspitorini i S. Thoriqul Huda. "ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF ENGLISH LOANWORD IN THE CYBER CRIME COLUMN IN KOMPAS DIGITAL NEWSPAPER". ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal) 13, nr 2 (17.08.2022): 236–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26877/eternal.v13i2.12337.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Language gets the effect of the development in recent era. Some languages receive the development from the other languages such as foreign languages. The loanwords are the words which are adapted from other languages. Many Indonesian words are gained from English. This study was aimed at analyzing and describing the types of English loanwords used in Kompas digital newspaper in the categories of simple word, complex word, and translated word. The researchers used a qualitative descriptive method. The object of this research is the loanword derived from English in the cyber crime column of the Kompas digital newspaper in April and May 2022. The result of the study was that there were 56 English loanwords which were written in Kompas digital newspaper taken from selected columns in April and May 2022. The English loanwords categories analyzed were the simple word, complex word, and translated word. There were 26 English loanwords found as simple word. Then, there were 18 English loanwords found as complex word. Finally, there were 12 English loanwords found as translated word. The simple word of English loanword is the most frequently used in Kompas digital newspaper. Meanwhile, the translated word of English loanword is the least frequent one.
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Li, Lei, Huizheng Che, Xin Su, Xindan Zhang, Ke Gui, Yu Zheng, Hujia Zhao i in. "Quantitative Evaluation of Dust and Black Carbon Column Concentration in the MERRA-2 Reanalysis Dataset Using Satellite-Based Component Retrievals". Remote Sensing 15, nr 2 (8.01.2023): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15020388.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The aerosol optical property products of Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2) reanalysis dataset have been extensively investigated on a global or regional scale. However, the understanding of MERRA-2 aerosol component products on an extensive temporal and spatial scale is inadequate. Recently, the aerosol component products have been derived from the observations of Polarization and Directionality of the Earth’s Reflectances/Polarization and Anisotropy of Reflectance for Atmospheric Science coupled with observations from a Lidar (POLDER/PARASOL). This study presents a quantitative evaluation of the MERRA-2 reanalysis dust and black carbon (BC) column concentration using independent satellite-based aerosol component concentration retrievals. Both GRASP/Component and MERRA-2 reanalysis products can capture well the temporal variation in dust column concentration over the dust emission resource and downwind dust-dominated regions with the correlation coefficient (R) varying from 0.80 to 0.98. MERRA-2 reanalysis dust products present higher column concentration than GRASP/Component dust retrievals with relative differences of about 20~70%, except in the Taklamakan Desert and Bay of Bengal, where the relative differences can be negative. The differences in dust column concentration over the African dust regions are larger than that over the Asian dust regions. Similar temporal variations in BC column concentration are characterized by both GRASP/Component BC retrievals and MERRA-2 BC products with R of about 0.70~0.90, except in the North China Plain region. We should pay more caution with the regional applicability of MERRA-2 component products when large differences and high correlation coefficients are obtained simultaneously. The results are favorable for identifying the behavior of MERRA-2 reanalysis component estimation in a new view and demonstrate a practical application of the satellite-based component retrievals, which could make more contributions to the improvement of model estimation in the near future.
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Nugrahini, Yulia. "Effectiveness of Comment Column on Facebook Group in Teaching Writing". Darussalam English Journal (DEJ) 1, nr 1 (15.06.2021): 36–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30739/dej.v1i1.1066.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This article was a complete report of investigation on the effectiveness of coment column in facebook group to teach writing. Communicate using Facebook in international scope or globalization era needs English skill, especially in writing skill. Writing which is clearly and acceptably is needed when writing or given a comment. The Students must have good skill writing on English. The researcher was analized the score of pre test and posttest with used computing calculated with SPSS 21.0. The researcher analized used t-test. The researcher used t-test technique because in this research all the assumptions test are full filed. The result showed that the mean of the pre-test was 61.16 and mean of the post-test was 75.23. It means that the result from the post-test was higher than pre-test. Based on the result of output paired sample test shows the result of compare analysis with used T-test shows mean pre-test and post-test is 14.065. Standard deviation is 10.577 and mean standard error is 1.900, the lower different is 10.185, while upper different is 17.944. The result t- test is 7.404 with df 30 and significance 0.000. The t-count value is 7.404 is more than t- table value 2.042. So the Ho is rejected and Ha accepted because 7.404 > 2.042.The Average score of post-test is higher then the average of pre-test. It means that Facebook is an effective media in teaching writing procedure text.
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Yang, Kai, i Xiong Liu. "Ozone profile climatology for remote sensing retrieval algorithms". Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 12, nr 9 (6.09.2019): 4745–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-4745-2019.
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Abstract. New ozone (O3) profile climatologies are created from the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications version 2 (MERRA-2) O3 record between 2005 and 2016, within the period of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) and Aura Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) assimilation. These two climatologies consist of monthly mean O3 profiles and the corresponding covariances dependent on the local solar time, longitude (15∘), and latitude (10∘), which are parameterized by tropopause pressure and total O3 column. They are validated through comparisons, which show good agreements with previous O3 profile climatologies. Compared to a monthly zonal mean climatology, both tropopause- and column-dependent climatologies provide improved a priori information for profile and total O3 retrievals from remote sensing measurements. Furthermore, parameterization of the O3 profile with total column O3 usually reduces the natural variability of the resulting climatological profile in the upper stratosphere further than the tropopause parameterization, which usually performs better in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). Therefore tropopause-dependent climatology is more appropriate for profile O3 retrieval for complementing the vertical resolution of backscattered ultraviolet (UV) spectra, while the column-dependent climatology is more suited for use in total O3 retrieval algorithms, with an advantage of complete profile specification without requiring ancillary information. Compared to previous column-dependent climatologies, the new MERRA-2 column-dependent climatology better captures the diurnal, seasonal, and spatial variations and dynamical changes in O3 profiles with higher resolutions in O3, latitude, longitude, and season. The new MERRA-2 climatologies contain the first quantitative characterization of O3 profile covariances, which facilitate a new approach to improve O3 profiles using the most probable patterns of profile adjustments represented by the empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) of the covariance matrices. The MERRA-2 daytime column-dependent climatology is used in the combo O3 and SO2 algorithm for retrieval from the Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) on board the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) satellite, the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite Nadir Mapper (OMPS-NM) on the Suomi National Polar Partnership (SNPP), and the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on the Aura spacecraft.
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Thorat, Mr Vaibhav, i Mr Samyak Parekar. "Pre Engineering Building as a Modern Era: A Review". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 3 (31.03.2022): 1716–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40955.
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Abstract: Now A Days the cost and time of construction is in more priority for the client with the large working area for various uses. For the economically and minimum loss of material, pre-engineered building system (PEBs) has many advantage, because it gives more column free space at low cost. Pre-engineered metal buildings are more reliable for various uses like complex industrial facilities, warehouses and distribution centres, stock-house, shopping malls, resort, motor court, office, cabin, service complex, aircraft-hanger, athletics and fun stadium, study places, temples, hospitals, and any types of industrial structures. In the pre-engineered metal building system, the rigid frame consists of slab.The performance of the models in terms of weight comparison, cost comparison and time comparison. In this study, an industrial structure (factory truss) is analysed and designed according to the Indian standards, IS 800-1984, IS 800-2007. The various loads like dead, live, wind, seismic and snow loads according as per IS codes are considered for the present work for relative study of Pre-Engineered Buildings (PEB) and Conventional Steel Building (CSB). To compare the consequences of the numerous parametric studies to perform the variations in terms of sheer force, support reaction, weight correlation and cost evaluation. Pre Engineered Buildings (PEB) without bracings is done in two examples. Later Pre Engineered Buildings (PEB) is analysed for Dynamic loads using El-Centro specified ground motion. STAAD Pro in accordance to British standards (BS 5950-1:2000) and Euro codes (EC3 EN-1993-1) with wind and seismic analysis. In order to achieve the above aim of the project, two models of the car showroom were created namely British Standard (BS) model and Euro code (EC) model using STAAD Pro. Keyword: Pre-engineered building (PEB), Conventional steel Building (CSB), Dynamic load, conventional structure, STAAD.pro software, Time History Analysis.
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Siti Hajar Aswad i Eka Djunarsjah. "Port Management Model in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 Era". Jurnal Sosioteknologi 21, nr 3 (28.12.2022): 250–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/sostek.itbj.2022.21.3.3.
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Sedimentation is a natural and physical phenomenon that affects port management. If it is further elaborated, the main aspects of port management include planning, design, construction, and maintenance activities. Sedimentation can cause a decrease of depth or silting in navigation channels and port pools which to some extent, are dangerous for the inbound vessels that are calling at the port. The silting process is influenced by how much material and what type of material that settles at the base of the water column. To understand the effect of sedimentation on port management, a comparative study was conducted between the terms of port management which are stated in the regulations that apply in Indonesia and the implementation that has been carried out. realized at patimban port. The data that is compared takes the form of planning data and existing conditions in 2020 to then be reviewed with current regulations to assess its compliance with the said regulation. In order to devise technical recommendations in spatial and temporal aspects, the port authorities must have a thorough understanding of the effect of sedimentation on port management. In its implementation, spatial aspects are related to the maintenance of navigation channels and anchoring locations, while temporal aspects are related to the frequency of monitoring of the sediment deposition and sediment removal to keep the navigation channels safe for calling vessels. The monitoring process must be done in a routine and timely manner, by integrating temporal change data with Industrial Revolution 4.0-based technologies to increase the rate of data renwals, so that the manager of the port can respond to any changes that occur in the port accordingly and effectively in a short period of time.
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Smirnova, Michelle. "Authenticity as (post-) modern ethics: An analysis of the New York Times’ Ethicist column". Journal of Sociology 54, nr 3 (23.10.2017): 300–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783317729763.
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As (post-) modern institutions multiply and become more abstract and fractured in their ethical prescriptions, individuals must learn navigate ethical ambiguity on their own. One way that this appears to be accomplished is through the pursuit of ‘authenticity’ within and across specific contexts. Based on a sample of 600 letters published between 2002 and 2014, this article explores the New York Times’ Ethicist column as a site where individuals grapple with personal responsibility to engage in ethical behavior, often doing so in the name of authenticity. Instead of relying on external institutions, to dictate ethical choices, such ethical trade-offs become the bones of one’s identity. This can result in tension between within-context authenticity that is derived from specific roles and relationships and across-context authenticity that transcends people and places. This tension is a defining feature of ethical action in the (post-) modern era.
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Yokoi, Satoru. "Multireanalysis Comparison of Variability in Column Water Vapor and Its Analysis Increment Associated with the Madden–Julian Oscillation". Journal of Climate 28, nr 2 (15.01.2015): 793–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00465.1.
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Abstract This study conducts a multireanalysis comparison of variability in column water vapor (CWV) represented in three reanalysis products [Japanese 55-year Reanalysis Project (JRA-55), JRA-25, and ECMWF Interim Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim)] associated with the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) in boreal winter, with emphasis on CWV tendency simulated by forecast models and analysis increment calculated by data assimilation systems. Analyses of these variables show that, while the JRA-55 forecast model is able to simulate eastward propagation of the CWV anomaly, this model tends to weaken its amplitude. The multireanalysis comparison of the analysis increment further reveals that this weakening bias is related to excessively weak cloud radiative feedback represented by the model. This bias in the feedback strength makes anomalous moisture supply by the vertical advection term in the CWV budget equation too insensitive to precipitation anomaly, resulting in reduction of the amplitude of CWV anomaly. ERA-Interim has a nearly opposite feature: the forecast model represents excessively strong feedback. These results imply the necessity of accurate representation of the cloud radiative feedback strength for a short-term MJO forecast and may be evidence to support the argument that this feedback is essential for the existence of MJO. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that the multireanalysis comparison of the analysis increment will provide useful information for examining model biases and potentially for estimating parameters that are difficult to estimate from observational data, such as gross moist stability.
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Gelbart, Wendy R. "Students With Learning Disabilities and Computer-Based High-Stakes Testing". Intervention in School and Clinic 53, nr 5 (5.12.2016): 308–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1053451216676796.
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As schools move into a new era of technology, assessment is evolving as well. With the introduction of high-stakes tests based on the Common Core State Standards, annual assessments are increasingly delivered via computer-based systems. This method of delivery could have a significant effect on students with learning disabilities. This column explores benefits and challenges of testing students with learning disabilities via computer-based systems. It examines accessing accommodations via computer-based systems, best practices in preparing students for computer-based tests, teacher training, and educators and test designers partnering in creating test platforms.
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Frederick, Donna Ellen. "Scientific literacy, librarians and information literacy in the post-truth era". Library Hi Tech News 38, nr 9 (23.11.2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lhtn-04-2021-111.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to challenge librarians to reconceptualize their professional self-image and practice so that it more closely aligns with the information science discipline that is part of the Masters of Library and Information Science degree. Design/methodology/approach This column is primarily theoretical and philosophical but also draws on the author’s observations of trends and patterns in both librarianship and changes in information needs in recent years. Findings Urgent, high-cost information needs created by COVID-19 and climate change coexist in a reality where technological change has made traditional librarian roles and functions less critical. By developing their information science skills and strengthening their professional identity as information scientists, librarians have the opportunity to address the urgent information needs of the day while remaining highly relevant professionals. Practical implications Librarians will need to strengthen their science-related skills and knowledge and begin to promote themselves as information scientists. Social implications Librarians are in a position to make a meaningful contribution to two of the most pressing challenges of the day, climate change and dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. Originality/value This paper is relevant to all librarians at any stage of their career. It will help them to reflect on both their skillset and career path and to make any needed adjustments so that they can remain relevant in a volatile and demanding information environment.